备考2024届高考英语一轮复习课时提能练习第一部分过透教材Unit6Atonewithnature外研版必修第一册

这是一份备考2024届高考英语一轮复习课时提能练习第一部分过透教材Unit6Atonewithnature外研版必修第一册，共8页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A
[2024福建福州一测]The natural wrld prvides humans with essential services. Fr instance， frests channel water int rivers that irrigate crps while their rts prevent landslides. Over decades， therefre， gvernments have made prmises abut preserving the wrld’s bidiversity.
Hwever， thse prmises have been brken many times， which has caused the depressing destructin f natural envirnments. One step twards aviding yet mre disappintment is t emphasize the clse link between preserving bidiversity and the widely held gal f reaching net-zer carbn emissins. Unfrtunately， less knwn is the link between them.
Given that bidiversity has an imprtant rle in meeting these carbn-reductin gals， yu might think it wuld feature highly in the net-zer emissins plans. Nt s. Fr example， faced with the tighter regulatin f emissins， many cmpanies are nw channeling mre time and cash int their firms’ carbn ftprints reductin and energy transitin， yet the plans have t little t say abut bidiversity.
That needs t change. Safeguarding bidiversity is an efficient way t cntrl carbn emissins. Cmpanies and investment firms shuld pay mre attentin t the pprtunities frm preserving ecsystems. By investing in bidiversity — directing capital t prjects that repair an ecsystem — cmpanies can ffset （抵消） their emissins. By sme estimates， prjects t manage carbn-rich wetlands and t refrest cleared land culd prvide mre than ne-third f the emissins reductins that are needed t prevent mre than 2℃ f glbal warming.
The key t managing mre capital is better measurement s that the link between investment in natural prjects， bidiversity and carbn is made clear. Tday sme s-called carbn-ffset prjects that invlve firms paying mney are questinable and nt supprted by evidence. Better guidelines and practice can help and s can new technlgy. Drnes and satellites can imprve the measurement f bidiversity and accunting systems can measure hw spending n bidiversity cmpares with puring cash int ther kinds f carbn management.
本文主要介绍了净零碳排放目标与保护生物多样性紧密联系，但生物多样性的重要性被低估了。通过投资生物多样性，公司可抵消它们的碳排放。自然界值得人类投资。
【词语积累】 essential adj.基本的；极其重要的
将……输送到…… preserve v.保护
emphasize v.强调 feature v.以……为特色；起重要作用
tight adj.严格的 safeguard v.保护
ecsystem n.生态系统 guideline n.指导方针
【熟词生义】 1.channel 常用义：n. 渠道；频道
文中义：v. 引导，贯注；为……引资
2.capital 常用义：n.首都；大写字母 文中义：n. 资本；资金；资方
1.What can we knw abut bidiversity？
A.Itsimprtanceisundervalued.
B. Its link with carbn emissins is clear.
C. It is the surce f carbn dixide.
D. It gets prmised benefits frm gvernments.
解析 A 推理判断题。由第一段的"Over decades， therefre， gvernments have made prmises abut preserving the wrld’s bidiversity"和第二段的内容可知，尽管政府做出了保护全球生物多样性的承诺，但类似的承诺似乎多次成为空头支票，导致自然环境恶化。为避免更多失望，人们需要强调保护生物多样性和达到净零碳排放目标之间的紧密联系。由此推出，生物多样性的重要性被低估了，故选A项。
2.Why is "many cmpanies" mentined in paragraph 3？
A. T clarify a rule.
B. T make a cnclusin.
C. T explain a plan.
D.Tsupprtanpinin.
解析 D 推理判断题。由第三段的前两句可知，考虑到生物多样性在实现这些减碳目标方面发挥着重要作用，你可能会以为生物多样性在净零排放计划中起重要作用，其实不然。再由第三段的"Fr the plans have t little t say abut bidiversity"可知，面对愈发严格的排放规则，现在许多公司把更多的时间和资金投入到他们公司碳足迹减少和能量转变方面，但很少提及生物多样性。作者通过列举"many cmpanies"的例子来支持上述的一个观点（生物多样性没有在净零排放计划中起重要作用），故选D项。
3.What is the benefit f safeguarding bidiversity？
A. Rebuilding wetlands.
B. Redirecting capital.
C.Cuttingdwncarbnemissins.
D. Transfrming energy.
解析 C 细节理解题。由第四段的第二句可知，保护生物多样性是控制碳排放的有效方法。再由本段最后一句可知，管理碳丰富的湿地和在空地上重新造林的计划可以减少1/3以上的碳排放量，而这些减排量可防止2℃以上的全球气候变暖。综合可知，保护生物多样性的益处在于减少碳排放，故选C项。
4.What message des the writer cnvey in the text？
A.Thenaturalwrlddeservesmreinvestment.
B. The key t managing capital is new regulatins.
C. It is hard t achieve net-zer carbn emissins.
D. It is wrthwhile spending mney n clean energy.
解析 A 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了净零碳排放目标与保护生物多样性紧密联系，但生物多样性的重要性被低估了，应将更多投资应用于大自然的生物多样性上，故选A项。
B
[生态环保/Traditinally， prfiting frm frests ften meant capitalizing n timber（木材）— chsing cmmercial timber trees and managing them effectively. Yet increasingly， there is an understanding that it’s f greater significance t keep trees standing than cut them dwn fr financial prfit. Mney is nt everything. We have t recgnize real and lasting value is frm natural resurces. But mney is a fact f life.
Gd news is that we can expect entire natural wdland is left undamaged and still prvides a revenue （收益） stream. Leaving wdland cmplete des nt necessarily mean that we d nt tuch it at all. Cnservatin wrk may invlve building back bidiversity r the remval f freign plant species.
A healthy wdland system can prvide a range f yields （产物）. Besides eatable yields — tp fruit， berries， and fd crps， it prduces substances fr chemical use. The nn-timber frest prducts prvided by natural ecsystems will vary significantly depending n where they are. But there are almst always ways t explre t acquire revenue.
A prject in the U.K. shws wdland is als a draw fr visitrs. It engages a cmmunity wh creates a sustainable area f wdland. The sale f handmade wden items and nn-timber frest prducts is invlved. But the cmmunity largely btains revenue by pening up parts f the natural wdland t the public with an adventure playgrund and utdr recreatinal activities n the site. It als ffers curses n nest building， special wildlife events and mre. The prject is thught t have great uniqueness. In terms f revenue， it centers rund the existing natural land； the yields wdland can prvide becme side prducts.
Recreatinal activities， turs， and classes are just the cmmencement. A rich and bidiverse wdland can be an ecsystem that draws in peple lking fr a beautiful place t stay. Wdland has great value in eclgical and scial terms. And when yu nurse it， it culd als add t the incme frm yur land.
本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何在保持森林完整的前提下开发林地资源，从中获利。
【词汇积累】 capitalize n充分利用，从……中获得更多的好处 cmmercial adj. 以获利为目的的；贸易的，商业的 recreatinal adj. 娱乐的，消遣的
center rund 以……为中心，围绕着
【熟词生义】 1.draw 常用义：v. 描绘，描画；拖（动），拉（动），牵引 文中义：n. 有吸引力的人（或事物）
2.side 常用义：n. 一边，一侧 文中义：adj. 额外的，附加的，次要的
3.nurse 常用义：n. 护士 文中义：v. 培育，培养，悉心照料
1.What des the authr say abut frest cnservatin？
A. It is difficult t carry ut.
B. It utweighs financial develpment.
C.Itisgettinggrwingattentin.
D. It centers n building back bidiversity.
解析 C 推理判断题。由第一段中的"Yet increasingly， there is an understanding that it’s f greater significance t keep trees standing than cut them dwn fr financial prfit"可知，人们越来越认识到，保护树木比为了经济利益而砍伐树木更重要，由此可知，森林保护越来越受关注。
2.Why is the prject cnsidered unique？
A. It aims t prmte ecturism.
B. It fcuses n prtecting natural land.
C. It prvides educatinal experiences.
D.Itmakeswdlanditselfthemainprduct.
解析 D 推理判断题。由题干中的"the prject"可将解题信息定位至倒数第二段。由该段中对这一项目的介绍以及"The prject is thught t have great natural land； the yields wdland can prvide becme side prducts"可知，该项目主要通过现有的自然土地，即森林，来获取收益，森林提供的产物是次要产品，由此可推断，该项目的特别之处在于（不同于通过森林的产物获益）它把森林本身变为主要的盈利产品，故D项正确。
3.What des "cmmencement" underlined in the last paragraph mean？
A.Beginning.B. Wish.
C. Example.D. Intentin.
解析 A 词义猜测题。由画线词前的"just"和画线词后的"A rich and bidiverse wdland can be an ecsystem that draws in peple lking fr a beautiful place t stay"可知，丰富多样的林地可以成为一个生态系统，吸引寻找美丽地方停留的人，这比森林所能提供的娱乐性活动等更加重要，是更进一步的目标。由此可猜测，画线词所在句表示娱乐活动、旅游和课程只是开始，A项能解释画线词意思。
4.Which is a suitable title fr the text？
A. A prject makes the best f natural resurces.
B.Wdlandbringsprfitwhilestayingcmplete.
C. Frest cnservatin has been a tp pririty.
D. Nn-timber prducts help gain mre revenue.
解析 B 标题归纳题。文章首段提到保护森林和从森林中获益常常难以两全这一问题，第二段进行转折引出可以在保持森林完整，不受破坏的情况下从中获益，第三、四段介绍两种途径，最后一段是对主题的升华。由此可知，本文主要介绍如何在保持森林完整，不受破坏的情况下从中获益，第二段的"Gd news is that we can expect entire natural wdland is left undamaged and still prvides a revenue（收益） stream"是对文章的概括，故B项适合做本文标题。
二、完形填空
Fifty-five mre public schls have recently invited dgs t their classrms. Dgs have been 1 in class fr five years due t the Cmfrt Dg Prgram， which is becming mre 2 nw.
Cmfrt dgs have been fund t 3 psitive feelings. But hw d these pets 4 in the classrm？ Fr sme students， the cmfrt pet 5 them emtinally， which allws them t be 6 in their studies and make remarkable achievements. A struggling student can turn t the pet and get encuragement. In ther cases， teachers use the pet as a teaching tl， making it part f the 7 .
Dg training is nt 8 a walk in the park. It takes time， 9 and cnsistency. S des this prgram. A teacher and their dg must participate in a six-hur training sessin. It 10 the teacher t effectively cmfrt the students if they’re 11 f pets. The dg is als trained t be 12 with strangers and the teacher wh needs t be in tune with the pet and knw hw t 13 its stress signals.
The prgram has been a success， benefiting s many students and teachers. Hundreds f ther schls 14 themselves with the prgram and have the 15 t jin it.
本文是说明文。本文介绍了很多学校使用安慰犬协助教学的相关情况。
【熟词生义】 1. emply常用义：v. 雇用 文中义：v. 使用，运用
2. cncern 常用义：n. 担心，忧虑v. 影响，涉及，牵涉
文中义：v. （对……）感兴趣
1.A. taughtB.emplyed
C. raisedD. prhibited
解析 B 上文提到最近又有55所学校邀请狗进课堂，下文提到安慰犬项目，由此可推知狗在课堂中的使用已经有五年了。emply使用。
2.A. enjyableB. secure
C.ppularD. affrdable
解析 C 由上文提到的最近又有55所学校邀请狗进课堂可知，安慰犬项目现在变得更受欢迎了。ppular受欢迎的。
B. experience
C. shareD. favr
解析 A 由下文中的"the cmfrt pet 5 them emtinally... encuragement"可知，此处指安慰犬能让人产生积极的情绪。prmte促进，推动，增进。
4.A. behaveB.assist
C. surviveD. struggle
解析 B 由下文中的"Fr sme students... part f the 7 "可知，安慰犬对学生和老师都有帮助。由此可知，此处表示这些宠物是如何在教室提供帮助的呢。assist帮助，协助。
5.A. prtectsB.supprts
C. mvesD. amazes
解析 B 对于有些学生来说，安慰犬可以在情感上支持（supprts）他们。
6.A. interestedB. ccupied
C.absrbedD. skilled
解析 C 由空后的"in their studies and make remarkable achievements"可知，此处说的是使他们能够专心学习并取得好成绩。be absrbed in表示"专心致志于，全神贯注于"，符合语境。be interested in对……感兴趣，be ccupied in忙于，be skilled in在……方面熟练。
7.A. hmewrkB.lessn
C. relaxatinD. experiment
解析 B 在其他情况下，老师把安慰犬用作教具，使其成为课程（lessn）的一部分。
8.A. basicallyB. bviusly
C. naturallyD.necessarily
解析 D 由下文中的"It takes "和训练内容可知，此处表示训练狗未必就是在公园里遛遛狗。nt necessarily表示"不一定，未必"。
B. mney
C. frtuneD. attentin
解析 A 上文提到"It takes time"，下文提到"a six-hur training sessin"及需要做的一系列事情，由此可知，训练狗需要精力。effrt精力。
10.A. advisesB. persuades
C. drivesD.caches
解析 D 结合语境可知，此处讲述训练的内容，表示该训练会指导老师有效地安慰害怕宠物的学生。cach在这里是动词，表示"培训，指导"。
B. prud
C. tiredD. dubtful
解析 A 参见上题解析。scared害怕。
12.A. strictB. careful
C. patientD.friendly
解析 D 由安慰犬的工作环境和工作内容可知，此处指狗也被训练如何与陌生人和老师友好相处。be friendly with sb. 与某人很要好/友好相处。
13.A. give ffB. put aside
C. get acrssD.makeut
解析 D 这里指老师需要知道如何识别安慰犬的压力信号（以保证安全）。give ff发出；put aside忽视，不理睬；get acrss把……讲清楚；make ut看出，辨认出。D项切题。
14.A. equipB. link
C.cncernD. inspire
解析 C 很多其他学校也对这个项目感兴趣。cncern在这里是动词，cncern neself with sth. 对……感兴趣。
15.A. abilityB. curisity
C.intentinD. freedm
解析 C 上文提到很多其他学校对这个项目感兴趣，由此可推知这里表示这些学校有加入这个项目的打算。intentin计划，打算。
三、语法填空
[中国情怀/2024广东七校联考]The ttal flr area f China’s green buildings has been ver 6.6 billin square meters with the cuntry’s effrts t prmte high-quality develpment in urban and rural areas.
1 （nte） China’s achievements f green develpment in urban and rural areas， Zhang Xiahng， frmer vice-minister f Ministry f Husing and Urban-Rural Develpment，2 （stress） the difficult task f saving energy and reducing carbn emissins in urban and rural cnstructin at a press cnference n Mnday.
The ministry will make cntinuus effrts 3 （increase） the prprtin f green buildings， raise building energy efficiency standards and ppularize buildings with ultra-lw energy 4 （cnsume） in regins with suitable climate cnditins. It will als prmte green renvatin f existing buildings t imprve energy efficiency and make 5 （lw） carbn emissins.
China issued a guideline 6 supprts green develpment in urban and rural areas recently. Institutinal mechanisms and plicy systems fr green develpment in urban and rural areas will be 7 （basic） established by 2025， while green develpment will cver urban and rural areas 8 a cmprehensive way by 2035， with 9 increased cut in carbn emissins， said the guideline.
The ministry will state a 14th five-year plan n urban and rural living envirnment planning and take 10 （measure）t bring ec-envirnment， cnstructin and scial and cultural envirnment int line while prmting green develpment f regins and cities.
本文主要介绍了中国城乡绿色发展的成就。
1.Nting 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词在句中作非谓语。Zhang Xiahng与nte之间为主谓关系，且谓语动作与非谓语动作同时存在，且所填词位于句首，故填Nting。
2.stressed 考查动词的时态和语态。空处所填词在句中作谓语。由"at a press cnference n Mnday"可知，此处应用一般过去时，且主语Zhang Xiahng与stress为主谓关系，故填stressed。stress在此作动词，意为"强调"。
3.tincrease 考查非谓语动词。make effrts t d sth.努力做某事。
4.cnsumptin 考查名词。结合语境可知，此处表示"超低能耗建筑"，energy cnsumptin"能量消耗"。
5.lwer 考查形容词的级。空处所填词修饰后面的名词短语carbn emissins，结合语境可知，此处表示"更低的碳排放"，与过去情况对比，应用形容词的比较级，故填lwer。
6.which/that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词引导限制性定语从句，先行词是表示物的a guideline，且从句中缺少主语，故填which/that。
7.basically 考查副词。修饰谓语动词应用副词形式，故填basically。
8.in 考查介词。此处表示"以一种全面的方式"，故用介词in。
9.an 考查冠词。cut在此表示"削减"，为可数名词；此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词；increased的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
10.measures 考查名词的数。measure在此作名词，意为"措施，办法"，是可数名词。take measures t d sth.表示"采取措施做某事"，为固定搭配。