2020-2021学年北京延庆区初三上学期英语期末试卷及答案

这是一份2020-2021学年北京延庆区初三上学期英语期末试卷及答案，共18页。试卷主要包含了单项填空，完形填空，阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题，文段表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、单项填空
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Last week, the twins chse a dress fr _____ mther as a birthday gift.
A. herB. themC. theirD. his
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：上周，双胞胎为他们的妈妈选了一件连衣裙作为生日礼物。
考查代词辨析。her她的；them他们；their他们的；his他的。根据the twins可知“双胞胎为他们的妈妈买了生日礼物”。故选C。
2. Stan Lee, the father f Marvel Cmic, passed away _____ Nv. 12th, 2018.
A. nB. atC. inD. ver
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：2018年11月12日，漫威之父斯坦·李去世。
考查介词辨析。n表示具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上；at表示具体的时间点；in用于较长的一段时间（世纪、年代、季节、月份等）或是表示泛指的上午、下午等前面；ver超过。根据“Nv. 12th, 2018”可知，此处指的是2018年11月12日具体的这一天，所以用介词n，故选A。
3. Srry, I must g t the library. Lily _____ fr me there.
A. waitedB. is waitingC. waitsD. was waiting
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：对不起，我必须去图书馆。莉莉在那里等我。
考查动词的时态。waited一般过去时；is waiting现在进行时；waits一般现在时；was waiting过去进行时。结合语境、前一句“Srry, I must g t the library.”和空后“fr me there”可知作者现在必须得去图书馆，因为莉莉正在那里等作者，所以本句用现在进行时，表示作者说话时莉莉正在进行的动作。故选B。
4. William Shakespeare is ne f __________ writers in the wrld.
A. famusB. mre famusC. mst famusD. the mst famus
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：威廉·莎士比亚是世界上最著名的作家之一。
考查形容词的最高级。famus著名的；mre famus比较级；mst famus最高级；the mst famus最高级。根据比较范围in the wrld可知此处应用形容词最高级，且形容词的最高级前必须加定冠词the。故选D。
错因分析
①考生没能根据“ne f”与“in the wrld”判断出本题使用形容词的最高级；②考生忽略了形容词最高级前必须加the。
【点睛】形容词最高级用法：
the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句，如Jack is the tallest student in his class.
ne f the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+表示范围的短语或者从句，如China is ne f the largest cuntries in the wrld.
比较级形式表达最高级意义，“比较级+than any ther+可数名词单数”“比较级+than the ther+可数名词复数”或“比较级+than the rest f+the+可数名词复数”来表达最高级意义，如Julia is taller than any ther girl in her class.
5. —_____ yu g t cinema with me this Saturday?
— Srry, I can’t. This Saturday is my mther’s birthday.
A. MayB. CanC. MustD. Need
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——这个星期六你能和我一起去看电影吗?——对不起，我不能。 这个星期六是我妈妈的生日。
考查情态动词。May可以；Can能、能够； Must必须、一定；Need需要。根据答语“Srry, I can’t.”使用了can来回答，可知前面的问句一般应是用can来引导，意为“能、会”，故选B。
6. Wash yur hands befre meals, ________ yu may get ill.
A. andB. butC. rD. s
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：饭前洗手，否则你可能会生病的。
本题考查连词。and而且，but但是，r否则，s所以。结合句意，“饭前不洗手”是“你可能会生病”的条件，故选C。
7. —_____ will the talk shw start?
— It will start at 8:00.
A. WhenB. WhyC. HwD. Where
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——脱口秀什么时候开始？——它会在八点开始。
考查特殊疑问句。When什么时候；Why为什么；Hw怎样；Where在哪里，根据答句“It will start at 8:00”可知，问的是脱口秀什么时候开始，故选A。
8. — What were yu ding this time yesterday?
— I _____ the classrm.
A. have cleanedB. was cleaningC. cleanedD. clean
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——昨天这个时候你在干什么？——我在打扫教室。
考查动词时态。 根据上文“What were yu ding this time yesterday?”可知，下文是过去进行时，其结构是be ding的形式。主语是I是第三人称单数，be动词用was。 I was cleaning the classrm.“我正在打扫教室”。故选B。
9. I _____ playing this piece f music fr tw mnths, s I play it better.
A. practiceB. practiced
C. will practiceD. have practiced
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：我已经练习弹这首音乐两个月了，所以弹得更好了。
考查现在完成时。根据fr tw mnths可知时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+过去分词。故选D。
【点睛】
10. My father ften _____ t the gym with me thugh he has lts f wrk t d.
A. wentB. has gneC. gesD. will g
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：虽然我爸爸有很多工作要做，但他经常和我一起去健身房。
考查动词时态。由ften“经常”可知句子时态用一般现在时，g t the gym“去健身房”，主语My father是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式，故选C。
11. The 24th Winter Olympic Games ______ in Beijing and Zhangjiaku in 2022.
A. hldsB. is heldC. will hldD. will be held
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：在2022年第24届冬季奥运会将在北京和张家口举行。
根据in 2022可知此处用一般将来时，主语The 24th Winter Olympic Games与谓语hld之间是被动关系，故此处用一般将来时的被动语态，故为will be held。故选D。
12. —Can yu tell me _____ next Sunday?
—By train.
A. hw we will g t ShanghaiB. hw did we g t Shanghai
C. hw we went t ShanghaiD. hw will we g t Shanghai
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我下星期天我们怎么去上海吗？——坐火车。
考查宾语从句。根据句中时间状语“next Friday”可知时态为一般将来时，宾语从句的语序应用陈述句语序。故选A。
二、完形填空
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Frm paper t pian
I was 11 years ld when I asked my mm fr pian lessns in 2010. We were pr, s she said a plite “n”.
That didn’t ___13___ me. I Ggled the measurements fr a keybard, drew the keys n a piece f paper and stuck it n my desk. I wuld click ntes n an nline keybard and “play” them back n my paper ne—keeping the sund they made n the cmputer in my head. I spent six mnths playing withut tuching a real pian. Once my mm saw that I was ___14___, she brrwed mney and bught me 10 lessns.
I still remember the first ne. I was struck by hw real the sund f the pian was. I ___15___ my grade ne after eight lessns. Once I started secndary schl, we culdn’t affrd lessns again. I passed grade three, then grade five, practicing nly n my ___16___.
One evening, when I was abut 13, my mm said she had a surprise fr me; it was an electrnic keybard bught with mre brrwed mney. It was the first time I’d ___17___ fr her. She was in shck.
My schl didn’t ffer music A-level. I fund the Purcell Schl fr yung musicians, but the tryuts (选拔) were difficult. T my amazement, I was ffered a place.
At Purcell, I spent tw years wrking as ___18___ as I culd. I perfrmed t raise mney and saved enugh t buy my first pian.
When I left Purcell, I was awarded the senir pian prize and senir academic music prize. I am nw at the Guildhall Schl in Lndn. I feel prud: it’s been 10 years since I ___19___ my paper pian, and I’m at ne f the wrld’s leading music schls.
The paper pian helped spark my ___20___ abut hw music wrks, the building blcks that frm the pieces.
13. A. surpriseB. helpC. stpD. shame
14. A. seriusB. pityC. prD. caring
15. A. failedB. begunC. changedD. sat
16. A. bkB. pianC. paperD. cmputer
17. A. studiedB. playedC. thankedD. waited
18. A. hardB. nervuslyC. plitelyD. fast
19. A. searchedB. brrwedC. bughtD. drew
20. A. valueB. curisityC. prideD. cnfidence
【答案】13. C 14. A 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. B
【解析】
本文通过讲述作者因为家庭困难没有钢琴就自己画纸钢琴练习，后来通过自己的努力买了一架钢琴，还获得了高级钢琴奖和高级学术音乐奖，而且现在在世界领先的音乐学校之一的故事，鼓励人们要坚持自己的梦想。
【13题详解】
句意：这并没有阻止我。
surprise惊奇；help帮助；stp阻止、停止；shame羞耻。根据下文“I Ggled the measurements fr a keybard, drew the keys n a piece f paper…”，可知我让妈妈给我买钢琴课，但因为家里穷妈妈没有答应，但是这并没有阻止住我，故选C。
【14题详解】
句意：当我妈妈看到我是认真，她借钱给我买了10节课。
serius认真的、严肃的；pity遗憾；pr贫穷的；caring有同情心的。根据上文“I spent six mnths playing withut tuching a real pian.”以及下文“she brrwed mney and bught me 10 lessns.”可知妈妈看到我是认真的，就借钱给我买了10节课，故选A。
【15题详解】
句意：八节课以后我参加了一级水平的考试。
failed失败；begun开始；changed改变；sat考试。根据后面的“my grade ne”，可知是参加了一级水平的考试，故选D。
【16题详解】
句意：我通过了三级，然后是五级，只在纸上练习．
bk书；pian钢琴；paper纸；cmputer电脑。根据上文“I Ggled the measurements fr a keybard, drew the keys n a piece f paper…”，以及“we culdn’t affrd lessns again.”可知，我又负担不起上课的费用了，因此应是在自己画的纸键盘上练习，故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：这是我第一次为她演奏。
studied学习；played弹奏；thanked感谢；waited等待。根据上文“it was an electrnic keybard bught with mre brrwed mney.”妈妈借钱给我买了一个电子键盘，结合“It was the first time I’d … fr her.”可知是我第一次为妈妈用电子键盘演奏，故选B。
【18题详解】
句意：我花了两年时间尽可能地努力工作。
hard努力地；nervusly紧张地；plitely礼貌地；fast迅速地。根据下文“I perfrmed t raise mney and saved enugh t buy my first pian.”我通过表演来筹集资金，攒够了钱买了我的第一架钢琴，可知为了筹钱买钢琴，我应是尽可能努力地工作，故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：我画的纸钢琴已经十年了。
searched搜索；brrwed借；bught买；drew画。联系上文语境，结合“it’s been 10 years since I … my paper pian”和“ I Ggled the measurements fr a keybard, drew the keys n a piece f paper and stuck it n my desk. ”可知是我画的纸钢琴已经十年了，故选D。
【20题详解】
句意：纸钢琴激发了我对音乐创作以及乐曲构成的热情。
value价值；curisity好奇；pride自豪；cnfidence信心。根据“The paper pian helped spark my … abut hw music wrks…”，可知是纸钢琴激发了我对音乐创作的好奇心，故选B。
阅读理解
三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
A
Muntains are mre than 500 meters tall and it’s nt easy fr plants t live n them. The wind is strng. The sil is thin and rcky. Which plants can live there? Cme and see sme f them.
21. _______ can be used in medicine.
A. FirsB. Cushin plantsC. Snw ltusesD. Saxifrages
22. Saxifrages are _______.
A. 20 t 80 cm tallB. mre than 30 cm tall
C. 15 t 35 cm tallD. less than 12 cm tall
23. What d we knw abut cushin plants?
A. Peple plant them in sft and wet sil.
B. Peple use them as Christmas decratin.
C. They can prtect the plants under them frm the cld.
D. They can live bth in the muntains and in yur garden.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C
【解析】
高山上植物很难生存，土壤薄而多岩石，在这种条件下，有部分植物可以生存。本文主要介绍了冷杉、垫形植物、雪莲和虎耳草。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格第三行“Snw ltuses live at elevatins ranging frm 2,400 t 4,000 meters. ... Peple use them in medicine.”可知雪莲可以入药。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格最后一行“Mst saxifrages are very small—less than 12 cm tall.”可知虎耳高度草低于12厘米。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格第二行“Many ther plants live under them. Cushin plants keep the cld away.…In this way, cushin plants help ther plants survive.”可知垫形植物防寒，它们可以保护在其下生长的植物不受冻。故选C。
B
What can yu d t help ut?
One winter mrning, Tapiwa Chiwewe was driving t wrk in Jhannesburg, Suth Africa. He nticed a haze(薄雾) hanging ver the city and it didn’t take lng fr him t realize that it was an enrmus clud f air pllutin.
At that mment, Chiwewe wanted t d smething abut it, but didn’t knw what. He was a cmputer engineer and knew little abut envirnmental science.
He first did research n air pllutin and fund that it is the wrld’s biggest envirnmental health risk. He decided t wrk n it in a cperative(合作的) way. He talked t scientists, fficials, and engineers wh helped him develp a deeper understanding f the situatin, as well as an idea t imprve it.
Thrugh years f wrk, Chiwewe and his cwrkers frm Suth Africa and China created an nline air quality decisin supprt system. Based n histrical and real-time data, the system can accurately predict air pllutin and air quality, which can help peple make better decisins abut their daily mvements, as well as help fficials better manage their peratins.
Chiwewe learned an imprtant lessn—“a lessn we all need t take int heart if we are t wrk twards a better future. Even if yu’re nt an expert in a particular field, yur utside expertise may hld the key t slving prblems within that field,” he said.
What if Chiwewe hadn’t bthered t research the prblem and d smething abut it? What if he had just hped that smene, smewhere, was taking care f the matter?
As Chiwewe said, “Why nt just g ahead and deal with the prblem as well as yu can, in yur wn way? Yu may be pleasantly surprised.”
24. What made Chiwewe want t take actin?
A. He didn’t knw what the clud was.
B. He nticed air pllutin ver his city.
C. He didn’t want t be a cmputer engineer.
D. He was an expert in envirnmental science.
25. In which rder did Chiwewe slve the prblem?
a. He asked fr expert’s suggestins.
b. He created a system that wrks nline.
c. He did research n the prblem.
d. He allwed thers t use the system.
A. cabdB. abcdC. cdabD. adbc
26. What is the pint f the last tw paragraphs?
A. We shuld always cperate with thers.
B. There is always smething new t learn.
C. Experts need t d research when dealing with prblems.
D. Taking actin n yur wn is better than waiting fr thers.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D
【解析】
Chiwewe在一个冬天的早晨，开车去南非约翰内斯堡上班。他注意到城市上空巨大的空气污染云，他想做点什么。他首先对空气污染做了研究，发现空气污染是世界上最大的环境健康风险。他征求专家的意见,创建了一个在线空气质量决策支持系统，该系统根据历史数据和实时数据，可以准确预测空气污染和空气质量。文章告诉我们，自己采取行动总比等待别人好。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“He nticed a haze hanging ver the city and it didn’t take lng fr him t realize that it was an enrmus clud f air pllutin”和第二段“At that mment, Chiwewe wanted t d smething abut it”可知，Chiwewe注意到他所在城市的空气污染才采取行动。故选B。
25题详解】
推理判断题。根据短文，Chiwewe解决问题的步骤：第二段“He first did research n air pllutin and fund that it is the wrld’s biggest envirnmental health risk”他对这个问题做了研究；第二段“He talked t scientists, fficials, and engineers wh helped him develp a deeper understanding f the situatin, as well as an idea t imprve it.”他征求专家的意见；第三段“Thrugh years f wrk, Chiwewe and his cwrkers frm Suth Africa and China created an nline air quality decisin supprt system”他创建了一个可以在线运行的系统；第三段“Based n histrical and real-time data, the system can accurately predict air pllutin and air quality, which can help peple make better decisins abut their daily mvements, as well as help fficials better manage their peratins”该系统帮助人们更好地决定自己的日常行动，也可以帮助官员更好地管理自己的行动，可知，他允许别人使用这个系统。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后2段可知，如果Chiwewe没有费心去研究这个问题采取行动，只是希望有人来处理这件事，那就不可能在线空气质量决策支持系统的产生。所以，自己采取行动总比等待别人好。故选D。
C
Giving presentatins is a challenging, but imprtant part f educatin. A presentatin is the key t making yur message clear, whether yu are in an interview r giving a talk in frnt f the class. A well-prepared and practiced presentatin can imprve yur cnfidence dramatically. On presentatin day, there are sme ways yu can take t ensure that yu perfrm well.
Practice the presentatin. Befre presentatin, it can be helpful t practice n yur wn. While yu are practicing yur presentatin, d yur best t wrk n memrizing what yu want t say, and when yu want t say it. Yur presentatin will be a lt better if yu aren’t cnstantly lking dwn at nte cards r searching a piece f paper t figure ut what yu want t say next.
Cntrl yur nerves. There are a few things yu can d befre the presentatin t help calm yur nerves — many f which yu can even d right at yur desk. Try breathing deeply; silently repeating affirmatins (such as “I can d this. I’m ging t d a great jb”); r using psitive visualizatin (imagine yurself giving yur presentatin successfully and kncking it ut f the park). These strategies can help yu settle yur nerves and g int yur presentatin feeling calm and cllected.
Speak slwly and enunciate clearly. If yu have practiced enugh, this shuldn’t be difficult; hwever, sme peple talk t quickly and t quietly when they get nervus. Try t remind yurself t talk slwly and ludly enugh s everyne can hear yu. If yu’re using an electrnic presentatin, yu can use each new slide as a chance t stp fr a few secnds and recgnize whether yu are speaking slwly and ludly enugh fr everyne t hear.
Engage the audience. Whether yu’ve gt a ne-n-ne talk r a speech in frnt f 400 peple, think “stry telling”. Smetimes all it takes is a few secnds t cnnect an audience member with a stry, accrding t Eric English, a cmmunicatin teacher at the University f Pittsburgh in the US. Try t lk arund the rm and make eye cntact with varius listeners fr a few secnds. If yu are able t make eye cntact fr a few secnds with several different peple ver the curse f yur presentatin, yu will be giving the impressin that yu are relaxed and cnfident. Dn’t frget t smile!
27. If yu want t get peple’s attentin, yu shuld _______.
A. prepare nte cards while giving presentatin
B. take a deep breath befre yur presentatin
C. make eye cntact with different listeners
D. cnsider speaking in frnt f a trusted friend
28. The expressin “kncking it ut f the park” prbably means “_______”.
A. relaxing in the park
B. perfrming quite well
C. enjying the presentatin
D. kncking the rcks in the park
29. What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Presentatin is imprtant fr educatin
B. Presentatin is the key t success
C. Hw t give a better presentatin
D. Hw t make the presentatin clear
【答案】27. C 28. B 29. C
【解析】
本文主要介绍演讲时怎样做得更好。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第5段“Engage the audience. …Try t lk arund the rm and make eye cntact with varius listeners fr a few secnds.”可知如果你想引起人们的注意，你应该和不同的听众进行眼神交流。故选C。
【28题详解】
句意猜测题。根据上文“using psitive visualizatin (imagine yurself giving yur presentatin successfully…使用积极的形象化（想象你成功地完成了你的演讲……）”可知此句“kncking it ut f the park”句意是“表现得十分精彩”。故选B。
【29题详解】
标题归纳题。本文主要介绍演讲时如何做得更好。根据本文主要内容可知本文最佳标题是《如何做一个更好的演讲》。故选C。
D
We ften learn that many peple, especially wmen, dn’t like the sunshine. They are afraid f getting sunburnt and making their skin deep-clred. But a grwing bdy f scientific research suggests that cmpletely aviding sunlight isn’t such a gd idea. Researchers at Sweden’s Karlinska Institute say that aviding the sun can be as bad fr yu as smking. Here is why yu shuld sak up(吸收)sme sunshine every day.
It prmtes bne grwth. “Vitamin D is a hrmne(激素)that prmtes calcium absrptin and is necessary fr bne grwth,” tells Dr. Rizen. Since sunlight is a primary surce f Vitamin D, the hrmne is als called as “the sunshine vitamin”. “The Vitamin D fund in ur bdy needs activatin. The sun helps t change inactive Vitamin D levels t active,” explains Dr. Rizen. Accrding t the Wrld Health Organizatin (WHO), getting anywhere frm 5 t 15 minutes f sunlight n yur arms, hands, and face twice r thrice a week is enugh t get the vitamin D.
It is gd fr yur heart. Peple are mre likely t die f heart disease in winter than in summer. Accrding t researchers frm Cpenhagen University Hspital, thse with the lwest levels f vitamin D are 81% mre likely t die f heart disease cmpared with thse with the highest levels f the vitamin. Sun expsure cut the risk f heart attack and strke by reducing bld pressure, accrding t the research.
It makes yu feel happier. “We always feel better when the sun is shining, but is nt n rainy r cludy days.” says Emma Derbyshire, public health nutritinist and spkeswman fr Health and Fd Supplements Infrmatin Service. The sun wrks thrugh a number f receptrs in the brain t affect ur mental status (精神状态). Mderate sunlight expsure helps imprve yur md and fcus by bsting the sertnin (血清素) levels, which knwn as the “happiness hrmne”. “A test fund that safe sun expsure can actually help treat depressive (抑郁的) symptms,” says Emma.
In additin, a 2017 study published in the Jurnal f Human Resurces fund that students wh get mre sunlight every day perfrm better in tests. T sak up mderate sunlight every day is imprtant fr us. But if yu’re ging t be utside fr mre than 15 minutes, it’s a gd idea t prtect yur skin. Yu can d that by applying sunscreen r wearing a prtective hat and shirt can als help.
30. Accrding t the text, wmen dislike the sunlight because _______.
A. they are afraid f being sunburnt
B. the sun is bad fr eyes
C. it’s mre likely t have skin cancer
D. they feel unhappy
31. Accrding t the passage, Dr. Rizen prbably agrees _______.
A. sunlight helps imprve vitamin D levels in ur bdies
B. sunlight helps lwer yur bld pressure levels
C. sunlight can prduce happy hrmne
D. sunlight can be bad fr us as smking
32. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. The mre we sak up the sunshine, the better.
B. Sunlight decreases the risk f depressin.
C. Peple feel better in rainy r cludy days.
D. Sunlight helps students get gd grades in test.
33. What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A. T discuss ur prblems f aviding sunlight.
B. T intrduce sme ways f enjying the sunlight.
C. T explain why sunlight is gd fr us.
D. T share researchers’ ideas n sunlight.
【答案】30. A 31. A 32. B 33. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了晒太阳对人的身体健康有好处的几个方面。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“They are afraid f getting sunburnt and making their skin deep-clred.”可知她们害怕晒伤。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“sunlight is a primary surce f Vitamin D”以及“The sun helps t change inactive Vitamin D levels t active”可知阳光帮助把不活跃的维生素D变成活跃的，提高维生素D的水平。故选A。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“safe sun expsure can actually help treat depressive (抑郁的) symptms,”可知晒太阳能够帮助减少抑郁症状，减少抑郁的风险。故选B。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。本文重点讲解了晒太阳在各个方面对人的身体健康的好处，比如对骨头的生长或者心脏等，主旨应是解释“为什么太阳对我们有好处”。故选C。
四、阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题。
Study a calendar. It lks simple and rderly. But a calendar is mre f a mathematical puzzle than yu might guess. The calendar we use tday has gne thrugh centuries f changes.
Fr millennia, peple watched the seasns, sun, mn, and stars t help them keep track f time passing. Ancient peple did nt knw that Earth rbits (沿轨道运行) the sun abut every 365.25 days. They tried t track the year by cunting the full mns. Each year had 12 full mns. Twelve mns, r mnths, made ne lunar year.
Calendars in Babyln used a lunar year. Twelve mnths added up t nly 354 days. That made the lunar year 11 days t shrt. As years went by, the mnths and the seasns n lnger matched up.
Peple in ancient Egypt came up with a slar calendar f 365 days. They bserved that Sirius, the Dg Star, appeared near the rising sun every 365 days. Sn after that, the Nile River wuld rise. They lked frward t the flding f the Nile, because it brught gd things. The rich sil left by fldwaters was gd fr planting.
The ancient Rmans used a calendar f 10 mnths. Because a Rman year was nly 304 days, it seemed t always be ut f step with the seasns. Hlidays shwed up at the wrng time f year.
A Rman ruler named Julius Caesar rdered a change. He created a calendar with 12 mnths, each 30 r 31 days lng. He added an extra day every fur years t keep things n track. This calendar was used fr mre than a millennium. But by the end f the 16th century, it was ten days ut f step.
Ppe Gregry XIII created tday’s calendar in 1582. He set new mathematical rules fr keeping the calendar in step with the seasns. Tday, the Gregrian calendar is used almst everywhere in the wrld.
34. Hw lng des the Earth rbit the sun?
___________________________________________________________
35. Why did peple in ancient Egypt lk frward t the flding f the Nile?
___________________________________________________________
36. Wh created a calendar with 12 mnths in ancient Rmans?
___________________________________________________________
37. When was tday’s calendar created?
___________________________________________________________
38. What is the passage mainly abut?
___________________________________________________________
【答案】34. Abut 365.25 days.
35. Because it brught the rich sil which was gd fr planting.
36. Julius Caesar.
37. It was created in 1582.
38. It’s abut the histry f calendar.
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日历发展的历史。
【34题详解】
根据文章第二段中的“Earth rbits (沿轨道运行) the sun abut every 365.25 days”可知，地球大约每365.25天绕太阳一周，故填Abut 365.25 days.
【35题详解】
根据文章第四段中“They lked frward t the flding f the Nile, because it brught gd things. The rich sil left by fldwaters was gd fr planting”可知，他们盼望着尼罗河的洪水，因为它带来了好东西。洪水留下的肥沃土壤有利于种植，故填Because it brught the rich sil which was gd fr planting.
【36题详解】
根据文章倒数第二段中的“A Rman ruler named Julius Caesar rdered a change. He created a calendar with 12 mnths”可知，一位名叫朱利叶斯·凯撒的罗马统治者下令改变。他创造了一个有12个月的日历，故填Julius Caesar.
【37题详解】
根据文章最后一段中的“Ppe Gregry XIII created tday’s calendar in 1582”可知，今天的日历是在1582年被创造的，故填It was created in 1582.
【38题详解】
通读全文可知，文章主要介绍的是日历的历史，故填It’s abut the histry f calendar.
书面表达
五、文段表达
根据中文和英文提示，用英文写一封意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于50词的文段。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
39. 世界在发展，文化在交融，英语已经成为人们沟通的桥梁。怎样学好英语是我们一直在探索的问题。某英文报纸正在开展以“英语学习”为主题的征文活动。几年的学习经历你一定积累了许多成功的经验，假如你是李华，请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，请从听、说、读、写四方面谈谈你在英语学习中是怎么做的，以及你的感受。
提示词语： listen, speak, read, write, teacher, imprve
提示问题：● What d yu d?
● Hw d yu feel?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
It’s imprtant fr us t learn English, but learning a new language is nt easy. I’d like t share sme f my ways f my learning.
First, I think it’s useful t listen t English. Every mrning, I listen t VOA and BBC after I wake up. Watching English mvies is als helpful t me. Secnd, I speak English in class as much as pssible. At first, I was afraid f making mistakes. With the help f my teacher, I knew that the mre we speak, the fewer mistakes we’ll make. I als jin the English club and practice with thers. Third, I read English newspapers, magazines and nvels. It can nt nly imprve my reading ability but als widen my field f visin. At last, I recite many gd passages which are gd fr my writing and I als keep diaries t make my writing better and better.
In a wrd, my English ability will be imprved a lt as lng as I d mre listening, speaking, reading and writing.
【解析】
【详解】1.题文解读：本文是话题作文，介绍自己学习英语方法。
2.写作指导：本文采用第一人称，时态以一般现在时为主。从听、说、读、写四个方面介绍你的学习方法，注意主谓一致原则。文章表达具有连贯性、条理性和逻辑性。写完以后，注意检查，确保无语法、单词拼写和表达错误。
Firs are evergreen trees. They always have green leaves. Their leaves lk like needles. Firs are large trees. They can be 20 t 80 meters tall. Their trunk can be 0.5 t 4 meters wide. In many cuntries in Eurpe, peple use firs as Christmas trees.
Cushin plants lk like a small cushin(垫子). They grw tgether and they are less than 30 cm tall. But they can be 3 meters wide. Many ther plants live under them. Cushin plants keep the cld away. They make the sil inside sft and wet. In this way, cushin plants help ther plants survive.
Snw ltuses live at elevatins ranging frm 2,400 t 4,000 meters. The climate there is cld. It always snws and the air is thin. Mst plants will die. But the snw ltuses grw well. They can be 15 t 35 cm tall. Peple use them in medicine.
Saxifrages are evergreen. They have star-shaped flwers. Mst saxifrages are very small—less than 12 cm tall. They grw very slwly in cld envirnments. Saxifrages can live bth in the muntains and in yur garden, yet they are nt resistant(耐受的) t high temperatures.