高中考试英语——读后续写句子改写之无灵主语

这是一份高中考试英语——读后续写句子改写之无灵主语，共22页。试卷主要包含了读后续写中无灵主语的运用，无灵主语概念以及用法举例，无灵主语的种类，更多例句赏析等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、读后续写中无灵主语的运用
赏析:
Everybdy was fixing their eyes n Jenny, waiting fr an explanatin. Embarrassed, Jenny didn’t say anything. Dead silence suddenly fell. Then came Miss Walker’s vice. “Why is Lee’s watch n yur wrist?” Jenny hesitated fr a while and decided t tell everybdy abut the truth. Hwever, thinking f the well-prepared speech, the magic f the watch, she changed her mind. “But Miss Walker, culd I give the speech first and then explain?” She made a request in a tne f begging. [70 wrds]
At that, Miss Walker smiled and asked the class t listen t Jenny’s speech first. Jenny made her way t the platfrm with every cnfidence. Wrds began t fld ut f her. “Hw culd she make it? We’ve never seen Jenny give s terrific a speech.” Whispers went arund the classrm, and even Miss Walker ndded with apprval. Immediately Jenny finished her speech, a strm f applause erupted frm the class. Relieved, Jenny tld everyne the truth, and especially the magic f the watch. “But it’s just an rdinary watch with n magic”, Lee annunced. [80 wrds]
好句式学习：
Embarrassed, Jenny didn’t say anything.形容词作状语，精简高级。后文还有：
Relieved, Jenny tld everyne the truth.
Dead silence suddenly fell.无灵主语，有灵谓语动词，高级。形容词dead修饰微妙，恰到好处。包括后文多次运用到抽象名词作主语：
Wrds began t fld ut f her.
Whispers went arund the classrm, and even...
Immediately Jenny finished her speech, a strm f applause erupted frm the class.
Then came Miss Walker’s vice.完全倒装，高级句式。类似的还有：
Then 的完全倒装：
The chairman came then=>Then came the chairman.
Cmputer was used in teaching then =>Then cmputer was used in teaching.
衔接词hwever的使用，让上下文语义衔接自然。
复合形容词well-prepared的使用。
分词作状语的使用：
Hwever, thinking f the well-prepared speech, the magic f the watch, she changed her mind.
高级词汇和语块的使用：made a request in a tne f begging，made her way t，with every cnfidence，ndded with apprval，erupted等。
Immediately引导的时间状语从句的使用。
Immediately Jenny finished her speech, a strm f applause erupted frm the class.
二、无灵主语概念以及用法举例
（一）概念
无灵主语（inanimate subject），又叫做物称主语，指的是使用没有生命的事物充当句子的主语成分，例如物品、动作、情感、时间、地点等，这与中文表达中习惯“以人为本”的特点，即常常会把人这个行为主体作为句子主语的情况大相径庭，体现了英语语言所强调的客体思维。
读后续写和概要写作中常用到无灵主语，如
1.Night appraching, darkness ruled the frest.
2.Anxiety tre(撕裂)him int pieces.
3.Anger chked (哽咽)my wrds.
4.Despair tk hld f him.
5.Mrever, less time spent with yunger children is attributed t schl refrms.
6. Expsure t different cultures can encurage creativity.
（二）句子改写（20例）
1. In the past fur years, ur prductin has increased.
The past fur years has witnessed an increase in prductin.（时间作主语）
2. At dusk, he was crying in the street.
Dusk fund him crying in the street
3. At dawn, the little by was still wrking.
Dawn saw the little by still wrking.
4. Different peple have different pinins.
Views differ frm persn t persn.
Opinins vary greatly amng peple.
5. He thught f his mther and didn’t want t eat.
The thught f his mther made him lse his appetite.
The thught f his mther led t his lss f appetite.
6. She culdn’t fall asleep thugh the jungle was silent.
Sleep didn‘t visit her althugh the silence f a dead wrld was n the jungle.
7 .We walked fr ten minutes and gt t the htel.
A ten minutes’ walk brught us t the htel.
8 . They whispered in the classrm.
Whispers went arund the classrm.
9. She began t speak.
Wrds began t fld ut f her.
10 .The by was crying in the street at dusk.
Dusk fund the by crying in the street because he was hungry.
11. In the past fur years, ur prductin has increased.
The past fur years has witnessed an increase in prductin.（时间作主语）
12. Many great histric events happened in the city.
The city had witnessed many great histric events. （地点名词作主语）
13. They spend less time with their parents because f schl refrms.
Schl refrms lead t less time spent with parents.
14.Peple with gd habits are efficient while thse with bad habits are inefficient.
Gd habits lead t efficiency while bad nes bring the ppsite.
15. If yu cmpare the tw methds carefully, yu will find the difference.
Careful cmparisn f the tw methds will shw yu the difference.
16. He was ptimistic just nw, but nw he is dubtful.
His ptimism has given way t dubt.
他的乐观变成了怀疑。
17. We shuld cnsider issues f health and safety carefully.
Careful cnsideratin shuld be given t issues f health and safety.
18. I frgt his name at the mment.
His name escaped/failed me at the mment.

19. I didn’t ntice the mistake.
The mistake slipped my attentin.
20. She changed greatly after ten years f hard wrk .
Ten years f hard wrk changed her greatly.
三、无灵主语的种类
（一）主语是情感状态的抽象名词
谓语选择如：creep, strike, seize, dawn, catch, wrm int, grip, enter, register, vercme, take pssessin f, surrund, give way t, desert, pass, tear 等词。
1. Fear gripped the village. 整个村庄笼罩在恐怖之中。
2. Curage deserted him. 他没有了勇气。
3. His presence f mind deserted him. 他失去了沉着。
4. The earthquake struck the village tw minutes ag.
5. A new dignity crept int his steps. 他走起路来，不知不觉添了几分尊严。
6. Anxiety tre him int pieces. 他焦虑万分，肝肠寸断。
7. By nw ptimism had given way t dubt. 现在，乐观变成了怀疑。
8. Anger chked my wrds. 我气的说不出话。
9. Astnishment deprived me f my pwer f speech. 我惊讶得说不出话来。 10. Neither srrw nr regret fllwed my passinate utburst.
我这样发作一通之后，既不难过，也不后悔。
11. A chill f hrrr suddenly swept ver him. 他突然感到不寒而栗。
12. Despair seized him at the thught f her setting ut alne t renew the weary quest fr wrk.
想起她一个人出去重新登上找工作的艰辛路途，他觉得万念俱灰。
13. Anger and bitterness had preyed upn me cntinually fr weeks and a deep langur had succeeded this passinate struggle.
几个星期以来，我又气又恨，感到非常苦恼，这种感情上的激励斗争过去之后，我感到浑身乏力。
（二）主语是具有动词意味的名词，谓语选择如 fill, give, make 等词汇。
1. The sight f the deslatin filled me with frlrnness.
看到这孤寂的景象，我心中满是凄凉。
2. The sight f his father-in-law made Fanjin afraid that he was in fr anther cursing. 见丈人在眼前，恐怕又要挨骂。
3. Only the thught f his mther gave him the strength t g n ding it.
只有想到母亲，他才有力量继续工作。
4. The discvery f a knife in his pssessin lends t all a suspensin f his being the murder.
5. A ten minutes’ walk brught us t the htel. 我们步行十分钟就到了旅馆。
6. Ten years f hard wrk changed her greatly.
十年的辛勤劳动使她大大地变样了。
7. Rest brught him new cnfidence and almst a feeling f security.
休息之后，他充满了新的自信，几乎有了一种相当安全的感觉。
8. Sleep didn't visit Rainsfrd althugh the silence f a dead wrld was n the jungle. 尽管丛林里是死一般的寂静，雷恩斯福德还是不能入睡。
（三）谓语动词如：slip, lend, elude, escape, stump 等词汇
1. His name escaped/ evaded/ failed me at the mment.
当时我没有记起他的名字。
2. The questin eludes/stumps me. 这个问题把我难住了。
3. The mistake slips my attentin. 我没有注意到这一错误。
4. His hint escaped me. 我没有注意到他的暗示。
5. The sentence eludes me. 我理解不了这个句子。
（四）谓语动词如：deny, ask, admit, allw, fail, pass 等词
1. The scenery baffles/denies descriptin. 风景美得难以描述。
2. Such a chance denied me. 我没有得到这样一个机会。
3. The matter asks immediate attentin. 这件事需要立即处理。
4. The exigencies f the matter admitted n alternative. 此事紧急，别无他法。
5. Reprach spared him nt, even in his grave.
即便是在他死后，人们也一直在谴责他。
6. Time fails me t finish the tpic. 我没有时间把这一话题说完。
7. The title f the bk invites/ spells/ incenses the readers’ interest.
（五）主语中的名词或名词化结构表示原因、方式、目标，谓语动词使用“使…产生变化”的词汇。
A: 使 失 去 (deprive, cst, rb, bereave, disarm, prevent, diminish)；使增加(add, emblden, brighten, win)；使无能(disable, incapacitate, disqualify)；使能(enable, empwer, qualify)；使免除 (save, exnerate)
1. Tw bwls f wine blstered up his curage, making him lse his scruples and start his usual rampaging.
屠户被众人局不过，只得连斟两碗喝了，壮一壮胆，将平日的凶恶样子拿出来。
2. My capacity fr hard wrk saved me frm early dismissal.
我要不是能干重活，早就被解雇了。
3. His embezzlement leads t his imprisnment.
4. His additin cmpleted the list. 把他添上以后，名单就完备了。
5. His adventurus explits sn wn him ntriety.
他作战勇敢，屡建 战功，很快就声名远扬。
6. Successive exertin chipped a few punds ff him.
他工作一直太尽 力，瘦了好几磅。
B: 使保持状态(keep, make, hld)
The ld and dilapidated huse in the deserted lane made a dismal picture.
房子位于荒废的小巷里，破败陈旧，一片凄凉。
2. Lneliness held the immigrants tgether and pverty kept them dwn.
孤寂使得移民们聚集在一起，但贫困却使他们情况每况愈下。
The want f his family had kept him frm schl, and he seemed t feel the lss. 他因家庭贫困而辍学，他似乎也感觉到这一损失了。
C: 过程、状态变化类动词（thrw, get, bring, temper, shw, send）
The lacnic nature f Washingtn’s nte t Cnway had thrwn them all in cnfusin. 华盛顿给康威的短信，言简意赅，使他们陷入一片慌乱之中。
An early start will get yu there at nn. 你早点出发的话，中午就能到。
A careful cmparisn will shw there is n resemblance between the tw in nature. 仔细比较一下就会发现两者在本质上没有相似之处。
A few steps acrss the lawn brught me t a large, splendid htel.
沿着草地走上几步，我就来到一个豪华的大宾馆前。
Ten days wuld disband his crps and leave him 1400 men.
十天以后，他的军队就会土崩瓦解，他也就只剩下 1400 人了。
（六）．将时间、处所作为主语， 谓语动词用 “（使）看见” “（使）听见”
1. That chilly afternn witnessed him trudging in the snw.
2. Thus the gathering dark ften finds me hastening hme in a hurrying crwd.
3. Whether it rains r snws, windy r fggy, it is the lnging t be hme that quickens my steps.
4. Dusk fund the child crying in the street.
5. Dawn fund him well alng the rad. 东方破晓的时候，他早已经上路了。
6. Beijing witnesses great changes since the preparatin f Olympic Games.
（七）．表示地点或范围的名词
1. The twn basts a beautiful lake. 镇上有个美丽的湖，人人以此自豪。
2. Beijing first saw the raising f the five-star red flag in Tian'anmen Square.
五星红旗首先在北京天安门广场上升起。
3. Shanghai witnessed the birth f the Chinese Cmmunist Party.
中国共产党在上海成立。
4. Rme witnessed many great histric events．
在罗马发生过许多重大历史事件。
（八）. 主语是表示情景的名词
1. A hush fell upn the assembly．会场一片寂静。
2. The sftness f the earth gave him an idea．
踏着松软的泥土，一个主意油然而生。
3. A new spirit will dminate the rganizatin with the Peple's Republic f China. 随着中华人民共和国的参加，这个组织的精神面貌将焕然一新。
4. The sight and sund f ur jet planes filled me with special lnging
看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的飞机声，令我特别神往。
（九）. 拟人手法
1. Smile crumpled his face.他笑得一脸皱纹。
2. Prk has priced itself ut f his dish. 猪肉太贵，他吃不起。
3. This lessn will take rt in my mind.
4. Pit clsure saw vilent scenes. 矿井关闭以后，暴力事件接二连三。
5. The wheel f the car beys the slightest tuch. 这车的方向盘非常灵敏。
6. Gifts and messages snwed in n her birthday.
7. Business tk me t twn yesterday. 昨天我因业务进城了。
8. Histry knws nly tw kinds f war: just and unjust.
历史只知道两种战争：正义的和非正义的。
9. Pr planning wasted all the mney and time.
10. Excitement knws n bunds at the party 晚会上人们非常激动。
11. My ttal ignrance f the cnnectin must plead my aplgy.
恕我孤陋寡闻，对此关系一无所知。
12. His wrds sent me a quiver thrugh my bdy.他的话让我全身不寒而栗。
13. A sudden shwer killed the wind.突然下了一阵雨，风停了。
14. Like gd lks and mney, quick-mindedness passed her by.
她既不美丽，也不富裕，还不聪明。
四、更多例句赏析
35.2.1 表示时间的名词
The year 1949 witnessed the funding f the Peple's Republic 0f China．
1949年中华人民共和国成立了。
The pstwar years in Germany saw hnurs heaped upn the great scientist．
在德国战后的岁月里，这位伟大的科学家得到了种种荣誉。
Dawn met him well alng the way．It was a pleasant uneventful ride．
在东方欲晓的时候，他早已走了一大段路了。这次骑马旅行是很愉快的，没有碰到意外事件。
Dusk fund the little girl crying in the street．
黄昏时分人们发现小女孩在街上哭。
The evening 0f Nvember 3 saw the IWW(Industrial Wrkers 0f the Wrld)tactics bearing fruit．
11月3日晚，世界产业工人协会的战术生效了。
Autumn sees many yung Beijing peple in smartly tailred jackets and clrful pullvers and windbreakers．
到了秋季，北京许多年轻人穿上精心裁制的漂亮上衣，五颜六色的套头毛衣和风雨衣。
35.2.2 表示地点或范围的名词
The twn basts a beautiful lake．
镇上有个美丽的湖，人人以此自豪。
Beijing first saw the raising 0f the five-star red flag in Tian'anmen Square．
五星红旗首先在北京天安门广场上升起。
Shanghai witnessed the birth f the Chinese Cmmunist Part．
中国共产党在上海成立。
Britain Saw the first jet airline in 1952．
第一架喷气式飞机于1952年在英国诞生。
Rme witnessed many great histric events．
在罗马发生过许多重大历史事件。
The wide range f spindle speeds permit the milling machine fr use f carbide tipped and high speed steel tls．
由于主轴的速度范围很广，因此此类铣床使用硬质合金刀具和高速钢刀具。
35.2.3表示动作的名词
A glance thrugh his ffice windw ffers a panramic view f the twn．
从他的办公室窗口可以一眼看到城镇的全景。
A ten minutes’walk brught us t the htel．
我们步行十分钟就到了旅馆。
Ten years 0f hard wrk changed her greatly．
十年的辛勤劳动使她大大地变样了。
The thught f seeing her sn very sn filled her heart with great happiness．
想到不久就要见到她的儿子，她心中感到十分快乐。
Rest brught him new cnfidence and almst a feeling 0f security．
休息之后，他充满了新的自信，几乎有了一种相当安全的感觉。
Sleep didn't visit Rainsfrd althugh the silence f a dead wrld was n the jungle．
尽管丛林里是死一般的寂静，雷恩斯福德还是不能入睡。
35.2.4 表示情感的名词
All my curage deserted me．
我完全丧失了勇气。
Rarely did his sense f humur desert this nble man．
这位高尚的人很少发脾气。
Astnishment deprived me 0f my pwer f speech．
我惊讶得说不出话来。
Neither srrw nr regret fllwed my passinate utburst．
我这样发作一通之后，既不难过，也不后悔。
His first thught made him sick and numb．
他的第一个念头使他作呕，浑身瘫软。
A chill f hrrr suddenly swept ver him．
他突然感到不寒而栗。
Despair seized him at the thught f her setting ut alne t renew the
weary quest fr wke
想起她一个人出去重新登上找工作的艰辛路途，他觉得万念俱灰。
Anger and bitterness had preyed upn me cntinually fr weeks and a deep langur had succeeded this passinate struggle.
几个星期以来，我又气又恨，感到非常苦恼，这种感情上的激励斗争过去之后，我感到浑身乏力。
35.2.5 表示情景的名词
A hush fell upn the assembly．会场一片寂静。
Such a chance was denied(t)me． 我可得不到这样的机会。
Shrtness f time has required the missin f sme states.
由于时间不够，他不能访问某些国家。
After the WWI(Wrld War I)hnurs were heaped upn Einstein
第一次世界大战后，荣誉像雪片般地向爱因斯坦飞来。
The sftness f the earth gave him an idea．
踏着松软的泥土，一个主意油然而生。
A new spirit will dminate the rganizatin with the Peple's Republic f China．
随着中华人民共和国的参加，这个组织的精神面貌将焕然一新。
The sight and sund f ur jet planes filled me with special lnging
看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的飞机声，令我特别神往。
35.2.6 表示自然现象的名词
The rain prevented me frm cming． 因下雨，我不能来。
The night breeze brught him the perfume 0f the general's cigarette
夜晚微风徐徐，他闻到了将军烟卷的香味。
A heavy rain visited the city·
这个城市刚下过一场大雨。
An earthquake cmes like a thief in the night，withut warning.
地震到来，犹如夜贼，不作预告。
The shadws tell me that the sun has dne much travel since I fell asleep.
目睹太阳投下的阴影，我知道入睡后，太阳巳走过很远的路程。
35.2.7 表示身体部位和音容的名词
My heart failed me at the sight． 一见那情景我就失去了勇气。
The eyes were the same clr as the sea，cheerful and undefeated.
碧海般的那双眼睛饱含着兴奋和不可战胜的神色。
His accent suggests shanghai．听他的口音像是上海人。
35.2.8 其他一些名词
Careful cmparisn 0f them will shw yu the difference．
只要仔细比较一下，你就会发现它们的差异。
Business tk him t the twn．他因事进城去了。
A cld that rapidly grew wrse cause his unlamented return t Paris．
她患了感冒，而且愈来愈凶，只好回巴黎去了，但对他的离去，谁也没有感到遗憾。
The pht ften reminds me f my childhd.
这张照片常使我想起我的童年。
The revlutin f 1917 brught a significant change t the difficult pattern
f Russian Jewish existence．
1917年十月革命成功后，俄国境内犹太人的困难处境立刻有了明显的改变。
Little knwledge will get int truble in everything．
不学无术将寸步难行。
“My experience in Spain，”Bethune went n，“cnvinces me that seventy-five
percent f the seriusly wunded wuld recver if perated n immediately．”
白求恩接着说，“我在西班牙已有经验，深信重伤病人如果立即动手术，有75％能够恢复健康。”
注：以上所列是几种比较常见的可作主语的无灵名词。实际上，英语里无灵名词大多数都可以在一定的语境中用作主语。
35.3 无灵名词作主语的特点
35.3.1 无灵名词作主语时，常带有前置定语或后置定语
Imprved rads and mtrized transprtatin made it pssible fr the
farmer t send his children by bus t gd central high schl．
道路改良和机动交通运输工具的出现，使农民可以让子女搭乘公共汽车到较好的中心中学去上学。
The heavy flywheel cupled with the spindle ensures smth run f the
spindle．
由于主轴装有飞轮，所以能保证主轴运转平稳。
A cmb drawn a few times thrugh the hair in dry，cld weather may
make a cracking sund and cause the hair t stand n end．
在干燥寒冷的天气，拿一把梳子在头发上梳几下，它就会发出噼啪的响声，使头发耸立起来。
注：有时这类名词作主语时也可不用修饰语，此时往往带有限定词。
例如：
His yuth gt him ff． 由于他年轻，他得到了宽恕。
Thse grim times saw adult wmen change hands，smetimes sld bv their
Starving husbands．
在那冷酷无情的年代里，成年妇女也会易主；有时丈夫自己也挨饿，就把妻子卖了。
35.3.2 无灵名词作主语时常见的谓语动词
无灵名词作主语的句子中，可用作谓语的常见动词有：see，find，
make，bring，cause，enable，desert，prevent，meet，visit，give，witness，cnvince，request，cmpel等。(例句见上)
35.3.3 无灵名词作主语时常见的动词短语
无灵名词作主语的句子中，某些短语动词(如lead t，bring ut，fall up-n．keep／prevent…frm等)也可用作这类句子的谓语。
例如：Plastics are in evidence．A wet day brings ut the clurful light mackintshes．
塑料随处可见，天一下雨，五颜六色的轻便雨衣就都出现了。
The extreme labur shrtage led t further innvatins in emplying persns n the basis f ability．
由于劳动力极端缺乏，以致进行了进一步革新，用人只能以才能为标准。
35.3.4 无灵名词作主语时常见的反向心理动词
无灵名词作主语的句子中，谓语动词往往含有“使”的意义，其中所有
“反向心理动词”（Reverse Psychlgical Verb）都可用作无灵名词的主语。这些动词有：delight, mve, please，strike，amaze，astnish，surprise, wrry, truble，impress，satisfy等。
例如：
Yur letter has amazed me． 你的信使我感到惊讶。
The news greatly surprised us． 这消息使我们大为吃惊。
That answer didn’t satisfy us． 这个回答没有使我们感到满意。
35.3.5 无灵名词作主语具有简洁凝练、含蓄不露等修辞特点
a. This medicine will make yu feel better.
b. If yu take this medicine, yu'll feel better.
a. That mment's stp cst the U.S. team its lead.
b. Because that runner stpped a mment, the U.S. team lst its lead.
a. Anther sund frm me might make the snake strike.
b. If I made anther sund, the snake might strike.
a. The bad weather prevented us frm ging n the tur.
b. We didn't g n the tur because f the bad weather.
从以上句子可以看出，a.组句与b.组句所表达的意思是一样的，但a.组句
用词简洁、凝练，句意客观公正、含蓄不露。
此外，无灵名词作主语，避免了文章乏味枯燥，句型单调、呆板无力的
弊病，从而使文章显得生动活泼、形象突出，句型多样，长短间隔，错落有
致
35．4 无灵名词作主语的含义
35.4.1 表示时间状语意义
The nvel excited him.
看了这部小说，他很激动。
A few steps alng the crridr brught me t a large splendid hall.
我沿着走廊走了几步，就到了一个华丽的大厅。
Ten years f hard wrk changed her greatly.
经过十年的辛勤劳动，她大大地变了样。
The arrival f Mnday called Mr．Cllins frm his amiable Charltte.
星期一一到，科林斯先生就要和温柔可爱的夏绿蒂分手了。
35.4.2 表示条件状语意义
Careful cmparisn f them will shw yu the difference.
你只要仔细比较一下，就会发现它们的不同之处。
The applicatin f special additinal device permits the car t run faster
than befre．
只要使用一种专用的附加装置，这辆汽车就可以跑得更快。
35.4.3 表示原因状语意义
Rich experience keeps him smth in his wrk．由于他富有经验，工作一贯得心应手。
Business tk him t the twn． 他因事进城去了。
The rain prevented me frm cming． 我因雨不能来。
Astnishment deprived me 0f my speech f pwer． 我惊讶得说不出话来。
35.4.4 表示地点、场所状语意义
Beijing saw many histric events．
在北京发生过许多历史事件。
The wrld has witnessed different rads t mdernizatin．
世界上已经有不同的现代化道路。
35.4.5 无灵名词作主语在有些场合并不暗含状语意义(即可直译)
Rme witnessed many great histric events．
罗马城目睹过许多重大的历史性事件。
Their drive mved us deeply．
他们的干劲使我们深受感动。
Excitement deprived me f all pwer f utterance．
兴奋使我什么话都说不出来。
Darkness wuld make him mre appreciative f sight；silence wuld teach
him the jys f sund．
黑暗使人更加珍惜光明；寂静教人体会到声音的欢乐。
Scialism isn't talking all the time，it is living，it's singing，it's dancing，it's being interested in what g n abut yu，it's being cncerned abut peple and the wrld．
社会主义不是夸夸其谈的学说，它是活生生的事实，它在唱歌，它在舞蹈，它感兴趣的是与人民息息相关的事情，它所关心的是人民和世界的前途。