北京市通州区2023-2024学年高一上学期期中英语试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份北京市通州区2023-2024学年高一上学期期中英语试卷（Word版附解析），共19页。试卷主要包含了 5分，共15分)， A， tried等内容，欢迎下载使用。

本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Emily checked her shelaces(鞋带) and began t jg in small circles ___1___, waiting fr Sierra. She didn’t mind the brief lateness; she was s grateful t have a running ___2___. Practically the first thing Emily had dne after enrlling in this new schl was t sign up fr crss-cuntry running.
“Hi, srry, I’m late. It’s a gd day fr a run, dn’t yu think?” Sierra ___3___, talking nnstp as was her habit. Sierra ran every day, which encuraged Emily t take her wn training mre seriusly. The regular practice had helped bth f them t ___4___ their times ver varius terrains (地形).
Cntinuing her warm-up, Emily asked, “Are yu racing next week in the big reginal meet?” “Yeah, the cach encurages everyne t ___5___.”
“Oh.” Emily fllwed after Sierra just a bit, thinking abut this infrmatin as they ran acrss the field. Knwing Sierra was easily the faster runner, Emily was very ___6___. She wrried that her wn time might ___7___ the team.
Race day arrived, and Emily gathered with the ther team members t receive a clred wristband(手环) that shwed their schl. “Sierra, where’s yur band?”
“Yu’re running in my place tday because yur times will ___8___ the team as much as mine, and I want yu t have the ___9___ t shw yur stuff t the team. I’ll be yur water girl at the end.” Sierra smiled and gave Emily a high-five.
“Ww, yu’d give up a race fr me?” Emily gave her friend a quick hug and thught this ____10____ wuld be her best perfrmance ever.
1. A. kindlyB. sadlyC. carefullyD. slwly
2. A. friendB. partnerC. cmpetitrD. cach
3. A. passedB. arrivedC. rseD. tested
4 A. changeB. wasteC. imprveD. manage
5. A. jinB. learnC. mveD. register
6. A. cnfusedB. shckedC. anxiusD. awkward
7. A. pass dwnB. turn dwnC. shutdwnD. slwdwn
8. A. cncentrateB. helpC. recmmendD. rganize
9. A. chanceB. riskC. serviceD. spirit
10. A. lessnB. raceC. testD. activity
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了艾米丽和西拉是一对跑步搭档，下周将要举行大型地区比赛了，艾米丽担心自己会拖慢团队速度，结果到了比赛那天，西拉却让艾米丽代替自己比赛。
【1题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：艾米丽检查了一下鞋带，开始慢慢地绕着小圈子慢跑，等待着西拉。A. kindly善良地；B. sadly悲哀地；C. carefully仔细地；D. slwly缓慢地。根据后文“waiting fr Sierra”可知，她在等迟到的西拉，所以跑得很慢，故选D。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不介意短暂的迟到；她很感激有一个跑步搭档。A. friend朋友；B. partner搭档，伙伴；C. cmpetitr对手；D. cach教练。根据上文“waiting fr Sierra”提到她在等西拉，可知西拉是她的跑步搭档。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：西拉来了，像往常一样不停地说话。A. passed通过；B. arrived到达；C. rse上升；D. tested测试。根据上文““Hi, srry, I’m late. It’s a gd day fr a run, dn’t yu think?”(“嗨，对不起，我迟到了。今天是个跑步的好天气，你不觉得吗？”)”可知，迟到的西拉到了，故选B。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：定期的训练帮助他们在各种地形上提高了成绩。A. change改变；B. waste浪费；C. imprve改善，提高；D. manage管理。根据上文“The regular practice had helped bth f them t”提到了定期训练对她们有帮助，说明成绩得到了提高。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“是的，教练鼓励大家加入。”A. jin加入；B. learn学习；C. mve移动；D. register注册。根据上文“Yeah, the cach encurages everyne t”中encurage可知教练鼓励大家参加下周的比赛。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艾米丽知道西拉跑得更快，所以非常着急。A. cnfused困惑的；B. shcked震惊的；C. anxius焦虑的，担心的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据后文“She wrried”可知艾米丽很担心，故选C。
【7题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她担心自己的时间可能会拖慢团队的速度。A. pass dwn传承；B. turn dwn拒绝；C. shut dwn关闭；D. slw dwn减速。根据上文“She wrried that her wn time might”可知，艾米丽知道自己跑得不够快，担心拖累团队的速度。故选D。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你今天代替我跑，因为你的成绩对球队的帮助和我的一样大，我希望你有机会向球队展示你的东西。”A. cncentrate集中；B. help帮助；C. recmmend推荐；D. rganize组织。根据后文“the team as much as mine”可知，西拉认为艾米丽对球队的帮助和自己一样大，所以才让她代替自己比赛，故选B。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你今天代替我跑，因为你的成绩对球队的帮助和我的一样大，我希望你有机会向球队展示你的东西。”A. chance机会；B. risk风险；C. service服务；D. spirit精神。根据后文“t shw yur stuff t the team”可知，西拉让艾米丽代替自己，是希望艾米丽有机会展示自己，chance后跟不定式作后置定语。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾米丽给了她的朋友一个迅速的拥抱，并认为这次比赛将是她有史以来最好的表现。A. lessn课程；B. race比赛；C. test测试；D. activity活动。呼应上文“Are yu racing next week in the big reginal meet?(你下周会参加大型地区比赛吗？)”此处指下周的大型地区比赛，故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
This fur-day walking tur will take yu n amazing paths thrugh the Andes Muntains n the way t the city f Machu Picchu. After reaching yur destinatin, yu ____11____(have) a day t explre and be amazed by this ancient city. Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stne methd f ____12____(build). Inca builders cut stnes t exact sizes s that nthing ____13____(need) t hld walls tgether ther than the perfect fit f the stnes.
【答案】11. will have
12. building
13. was needed
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了一个徒步旅行的行程和目的地马丘比丘的城市特色。
【11题详解】
考查时态。句意：到达目的地后，你将有一天的时间来探索这座古老的城市，并为之惊叹。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合上文的will take可知，此处是介绍将来发生的事情，时态应用一般将来时。故填will have。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：尤其令人惊叹的是印加人的干石建造方法。分析句子可知，空处作介词f的宾语，结合dry stne methd可知，应用名词building，意为“建造，建筑”，是不可数名词。故填building。
【13题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，这样除了石头的完美配合外，不需要任何东西来连接墙壁。分析句子可知，空处作从句的谓语，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，need“需要”和主语nthing之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是nthing，be动词应用was。故填was needed。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I always wanted t lk like the slim girls n TV even thugh I knew that it was impssible. I wrried abut my weight and ____14____(try) every new diet! Then I read an article that said I shuld be asking “Am I fit?”. S I started thinking abut ____15____(fit) rather than weight. Finally, I stpped ____16____(cmpare) myself with actresses and mdels. Instead, I made a list f the things I liked abut myself.
【答案】14. tried
15. fitness
16. cmparing
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者不再盲目减肥，重视健康的经历。
【14题详解】
考查时态。句意：我担心我的体重，尝试了每一种新的饮食！根据上文I wrried abut my weight and可知为一般过去时。故填tried。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：所以我开始考虑健康而不是体重。作介词abut的宾语，应用名词fitness，不可数。故填fitness。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，我不再拿自己和女演员和模特比较。表示“停止正在做的事”应用stp ding sth.，动名词作宾语。故填cmparing。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Ging frm junir high schl t senir high schl is a big challenge. I had t think very ____17____(careful) abut which curses I wanted t take. I had t chse extra-curricular activities, t. I ____18____(jin) a vlunteer club. I knw I’ll have t study ____19____(hard) as a senir high schl student and get used t being respnsible fr a lt mre. ____20____(study) hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well prepared fr university r whatever else cmes in the future.
【答案】17. carefully
18. jined 19. harder
20. Studying
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了作者刚进入高中后一些经历和想法。
【17题详解】
考查副词。句意：我必须非常仔细地考虑我想学哪些课程。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空前的动词，应该用副词修饰。故填carefully。
【18题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我参加了一个志愿者俱乐部。分析句子结构可知，jin作本句谓语，根据前文可知，描述的是已发生的事，用一般过去时。故填jined。
【19题详解】
考查副词。句意：我知道，作为一名高中生，我必须更加努力地学习，习惯承担更多的责任。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空前的动词，应该用副词，根据句意，此处应用比较级。故填harder。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：努力学习并不总是有趣的，但我会为大学或未来的任何其他事情做好准备。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语，所以应该用动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Studying。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Buffal &Erie Cunty Public Library
MY ACCOUNT
Yu must have a PIN t access yur accunt at any library terminal(终端) remtely thrugh the B&ECPL’s website. T create r reset a PIN, click the Frgt My PIN link.
If yur accunt is nt in gd standing, it will run ut 6 mnths after it is issued.
An accunt is in “gd standing” when the charges are nt ver $50.00 r there are 15 r less verdue(逾期的) items.
BORROWING LIMITS
Mst card hlders are allwed t check ut as many as 50 items at ne time.
The length f time is different depending n the type f material brrwed.
RENEWING OR RETURNING ITEMS
T renew nline 24/7, access My Accunt n ur website. T renew by telephne 24/7, call 716-845-9040. Yu must have yur library card number and PIN ready.
Stp by any B&ECPL library (except the Central Library) t renew in persn r call 716-858-8900 during Central Library pen hurs.
Mst B&ECPL libraries have utdr drp bxes in place fr 24-hur returns withut any charge.
21. Which accunt is in gd standing?
A. An accunt withut a reset PIN.B. An accunt with a $60.00 charge.
C. An accunt withut any checkuts.D. An accunt with 10 verdue items.
22. Hw many days can a brrwer keep a wrk f New Fictin?
A. 21.B. 14.C. 7.D. 5.
23. What shuld a brrwer d t renew the library material?
A. Visit any drp bx.B. Access the B&ECPL’s website.
C. Call the number 716-858-8900.D. Stp by the Central Library in persn.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是布法罗和伊利县公共图书馆的一些借书规定。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据MY ACCOUNT部分中“An accunt is in “gd standing” when the charges are nt ver $50.00 r there are 15 r less verdue(逾期的) items.(当费用不超过50美元或有15项或更少的逾期物品时，帐户处于“良好信誉”状态)”结合选项，可知，D选项“一个有10个逾期物品的账户信誉良好”。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中“New Fictin——7 days(新小说——7天)”可知，一本新小说可以借7天。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Stp by any B&ECPL library (except the Central Library) t renew in persn r call 716-858-8900 during Central Library pen hurs.(在中央图书馆开放时间内，亲临任何一间B&ECPL图书馆（中央图书馆除外）办理续借手续或致电716-858-8900办理续借手续)”可知，借阅者拨打电话716-858-8900办理续借手续。故选C。
B
Walking arund the wrld may seem impssible, but that didn’t stp Angela Maxwell frm putting ne ft in frnt f the ther. In 2020, Maxwell, then in her early 30s, began her walk arund the wrld alne. After six-and-a-half years and ver 32, 000 kilmeters, Maxwell’s walk ended where it began.
Befre she left n her jurney, Maxwell fund inspiratin frm wmen explrers f the past. “I read their bks in hpes f finding encuragement-and I did—by learning abut their challenges and struggles as well as their triumphs (胜利). Each wman’s stry was quite different and it gave me the cnfidence t give my walk a try,” Maxwell said.
After selling all f her belngings, Maxwell left her hmetwn f Bend, Oregn with 50 kilgrams f camping gear, dehydrated (脱水的) fd, a water filter and clthing fr all fur seasns.
Maxwell’s wrldwide walk wasn’t easy. She suffered frm sunburn and heatstrke (中暑) in the Australian desert and dengue fever (登革热) in Vietnam. She heard gunshts while camping in Turkey and was attacked in her tent in Mnglia. Still, she cntinued t walk. She learned beekeeping in the Republic f Gergia and camel-handling n the histrical Silk Rad in Mnglia. She helped a farmer renvate (翻新) his huse in Sardinia and handed ut fd t hmeless peple in Italy. She gathered cuntless stries that she’d g n t speak abut at schls, universities and cnferences.
When the reprter asked her what kind f persn it takes t walk arund the wrld, Maxwell said, “It’s prbably a cmbinatin f ambitin, a little stubbrnness and a pinch f passin—nt fr hiking as a sprt, but fr self-discvery and adventure.”
“I didn’t start walking because I was fearless—but rather because I was terrified. I was mre afraid f nt fllwing my heart than I was f lsing everything I wned and lved.”
Thrughut her jurney, Maxwell raised abut $30,000 fr nn-gvernmental rganizatins, such as Her Future Calitin and Wrld Pulse that fcus n supprting girls and yung wmen.
“Walking has taught me that everything and everyne has a stry t share, we just have t be willing t listen,” she said.
24. What d we learn abut Maxwell’s jurney?
A. She stpped her jurney halfway.
B. She made full preparatins befre her jurney.
C. She went n a jurney with ther wmen explrers.
D. She gt a lt f help frm strangers during the jurney.
25. What didn’t happen t Angela Maxwell during the jurney?
A. She was sht by a gun.B. She learned hw t raise bees and ride camels.
C. She gt ill because f the weather and disease.D. She helped the hmeless peple alng the way.
26. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Maxwell?
A. Strng-willed and brave.B. Enthusiastic and careful.
C. Mdest and hardwrking.D. Talented and thughtful.
27. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Giving brings yu benefits.B. It’s never t ld t learn.
C. Nthing is impssible t a willing heart.D. Difficult life experiences may result in success.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲的是2014年，30岁出头的Angela Maxwell开始独自环游世界。经过六年半的时间和超过32000公里的行程，Maxwell完成这一事情。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“After selling all f her belngings, Maxwell left her hmetwn f Bend, Oregn with 50 kilgrams f camping gear, dehydrated (脱水的) fd, a water filter and clthing fr all fur seasns. (在变卖了所有的家当后，Maxwell带着50公斤的露营装备、脱水食品、滤水器和四季衣物离开了家乡俄勒冈州本德市)”可知，Maxwell在出发前做了充分的准备。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“She suffered frm sunburn and heatstrke (中暑) in the Australian desert and dengue fever (登革热) in Vietnam.(她在澳大利亚沙漠中被晒伤和中暑，在越南得了登革热)”以及“She learned beekeeping in the Republic f Gergia and camel-handling n the histrical Silk Rad in Mnglia. She helped a farmer renvate (翻新) his huse in Sardinia and handed ut fd t hmeless peple in Italy. (她在格鲁吉亚共和国学习养蜂，在蒙古历史悠久丝绸之路上学习驯骆驼。她帮助撒丁岛的一位农民翻修了他的房子，并向意大利无家可归的人分发食物)”可知，她没有被枪打中。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Each wman’s stry was quite different and it gave me the cnfidence t give my walk a try(每个女人的故事都不一样，这给了我信心去尝试走路)”以及第四段的“Maxwell’s wrldwide walk wasn’t easy. She suffered frm sunburn and heatstrke (中暑) in the Australian desert and dengue fever (登革热) in Vietnam. She heard gunshts while camping in Turkey and was attacked in her tent in Mnglia. Still, she cntinued t walk. (Maxwell的环球行走并不容易。她在澳大利亚沙漠中晒伤、中暑，在越南染上登革热。她在土耳其露营时听到了枪声，在蒙古的帐篷里也遭到了袭击。但她还是继续走着)”可知，Maxwell意志坚强且勇敢，故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Walking has taught me that everything and everyne has a stry t share, we just have t be willing t listen,” she said. (她说：“散步教会了我，每件事、每个人都有故事要分享，我们只需要愿意倾听。”)”结合文章主要讲的是2014年，30岁出头的Angela Maxwell开始独自环游世界。经过六年半的时间和超过32000公里的行程，Maxwell完成这一事情。可推知，故事告诉我们“心之所愿，无事不成”。故选C。
C
It’s always exciting t receive a letter in the mail. Even tday, when the wrld is digitally cnnected, receiving an actual letter in yur mailbx frm a distant land is a great way fr children t make new friends.
The Peaceful Pen Pals Prject is a beautiful prject that blends tgether glbal cnnectin and self-expressin. The prject is part f the nnprfit Kids fr Peace, funded by Jill McManigal and Danielle Gram in Califrnia in 2006. It is pen t all children, ages tw thrugh seventeen. T date, there are 1,500 children frm 17 cuntries participating in the prgram accrding t the rganizatin. Currently, all letters are written in English. When children sign up, they can select if they wuld rather be matched with a USA Peaceful Pen Pal r an internatinal ne.
Each child is then matched t a pen pal f similar age. This establishes a pint f cnnectin quickly fr the children and facilitates (促进) a strnger bnd. If the letter writers are in the same grade, they can chat abut schl, their teachers, and what they are studying. They can als cmpare what different states r cuntries learn abut and hw the atmsphere f the classrm are, whether scially r academically. Children may als be mre likely t write abut prblems they are having if they feel like they are speaking t a peer in a similar situatin. Althugh pen pals may live in different cuntries, they may find cmmn grund. The writer lists their favrite activities t d utside, plus what they like best and least abut schl. This gives the writer an pprtunity t express and receive advice r feedback (反馈) frm the pen pal.
“Hearing first-hand stries frm an internatinal pen pal can encurage teens t take smene else’s viewpint and t think utside f themselves,” writes Rebecca Fraser-Thill n Very Well Family. “Having a freign pen pal can als encurage interest in gegraphy, histry and culture.”
28. What can we knw abut the Peaceful Pen Pals Prject?
A. It helps strengthen links between kids.
B. It is aimed at imprving children’s English.
C. It encurages children t help peple in need.
D. It is created fr teenagers t take nline lessns.
29. What is Paragraph 3 mainly talking abut?
A. The necessity f discussin in study.
B. The appraches t making new friends.
C The purpse f the Peaceful Pen Pals Prject.
D. The benefits f having friends f similar ages.
30. What is Rebecca Fraser-Thill’s attitude twards the prject?
A. Careful.B. Supprtive.C. Uninterested.D. Disappinted.
31. What is the best title f this text?
A. Writing Enriches Kids’ LifeB. Friendship Teaches Kids a Lessn
C. The Pen Pal Prject Cnnects KidsD. Cmmunicatin Skills Better the Wrld
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个名为The Peaceful Pen Pals Prject的项目，这个项目把孩子们连接在一起。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The Peaceful Pen Pals Prject is a beautiful prject that blends tgether glbal cnnectin and self-expressin.(和平笔友计划是一个美丽的计划，融合了全球联系和自我表达。)”和第二段“It is pen t all children, ages tw thrugh seventeen. T date, there are 1,500 children frm 17 cuntries participating in the prgram accrding t the rganizatin. Currently, all letters are written in English.(它对所有2到17岁的孩子开放。据该组织称，迄今为止，已有来自17个国家的1500名儿童参加了该项目。目前，所有信件都是用英文写的。)”可知，该项目有助于加强孩子们之间的联系。故选A。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Each child is then matched t a pen pal f similar age. This establishes a pint f cnnectin quickly fr the children and facilitates(促进) a strnger bnd. If the letter writers are in the same grade, they can chat abut schl, their teachers, and what they are studying. They can als cmpare what different states r cuntries learn abut and hw the atmsphere f the classrm are, whether scially r academically. Children may als be mre likely t write abut prblems they are having if they feel like they are speaking t a peer in a similar situatin. (然后，每个孩子都被配上一个年龄相仿的笔友。这为孩子们迅速建立了一个连接点，促进了更牢固的联系。如果写信人是同一年级的，他们可以聊聊学校，他们的老师，他们正在学习什么。他们还可以比较不同的州或国家学习的内容，以及课堂氛围，无论是社交还是学术。如果孩子们觉得自己是在和一个处境相似的同龄人交谈，他们也更有可能写下自己遇到的问题。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了拥有同龄朋友的好处。故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Hearing first-hand stries frm an internatinal pen pal can encurage teens t take smene else’s viewpint and t think utside f themselves,” writes Rebecca Fraser-Thill n Very Well Family. “Having a freign pen pal can als encurage interest in gegraphy, histry and culture.”(丽贝卡·弗雷泽-希尔在Very Well Family网站中写道:“从国际笔友那里听到第一手的故事可以鼓励青少年接受别人的观点，跳出自己的思维。”“有一个外国笔友还可以激发人们对地理、历史和文化的兴趣。”)”可知，Rebecca认为拥有外国笔友可以让孩子了解更多有关地理、政治、以及历史的内容，开阔了孩子的视野，由此可知，Rebecca对于这个项目是支持的。故选B。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The Peaceful Pen Pals Prject is a beautiful prject that blends tgether glbal cnnectin and self-expressin.(和平笔友计划是一个美丽的计划，融合了全球联系和自我表达。)”可知，文章介绍了一个名为The Peaceful Pen Pals Prject的项目，这个项目把孩子们连接在一起。所以用C项“The Pen Pal Prject Cnnects Kids”作为本文的题目与文章的主题项符合。故选C。
D
Almst everyne has heard the expressin, “the calm befre the strm.” It is usually used t describe a peaceful perid just befre a very stressful situatin r a tense argument.
British sailrs cined the phrase in the late 1600s; they nted that befre certain strms the seas wuld seem t becme static and the winds wuld drp. But why is it ften s calm befre a strm?
Science has given us the answer. Accrding t a US website Hw Stuff Wrks, a calm perid ccurs because many strms, such as trnades and hurricanes draw in all the warm and humid air frm the surrunding area. As this air rises int the strm cluds, it cls and acts as “fuel fr the strm like petrl in a car”. Once the strm has taken all the energy it can frm the air, it is pushed ut frm the tp f the strm clud sand falls back dwn t grund level. As the air descends (下降), it becmes warm and dry. Warm, dry air is stable, s nce it cvers an area, it causes a calm perid befre the strm. This same prcess als causes the “eye f the strm” in hurricanes and trnades. In these cnditins, the calm ccurs in the center f the strm because f the strng rtating(旋转的) winds.
The Weather Netwrk has a tip fr wrking ut hw far away a strm is. First, cunt hw many secnds there are between a flash f lightning and a clap f thunder. Rughly three secnds equal ne kilmeter. S, fr example, if yu cunt nine secnds, the strm is abut 3 kilmeters away. A gd gauge(评估) is that if yur cunt is belw 30 secnds, yu shuld seek safe place straight away.
Hwever, due t the cmplexity f strm system, nt all strms cme after calm. Given the right cnditins, sme strms annunce themselves with heavy rain and chilling (寒冷的) winds. S, yur best bet is t keep yurself updated with weather reprts fr any predictins regarding a cming strm in yur area. That’s the mst reliable and sensible way t predict the next display f nature’s temper.
32. The underlined wrd “static” in Paragraph 2 prbably means ______.
A. vilentB. quietC. fast-changingD. warm
33. What is Paragraph 3 mainly talking abut?
A. T explain hw a strm cmes int being.
B. T supprt previus research n strm cluds.
C. T explain why a peaceful perid ccurs befre a strm.
D. T shw hw dangerus a strm can be in certain situatins.
34. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. It is nt always quiet befre a strm.B. Strms have a big influence n life.
C. Weather reprts may fail t predict a strm.D. Heavy strms dn’t usually last fr a lngtime.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学对于暴风雨前的风平浪静给出了解释，但最好的办法是随时更新天气预报，这是最可靠的预测下一次大自然脾气的方法。
【32题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“and the winds wuld drp”以及“But why is it ften s calm befre a strm?(但为什么暴风雨来临前总是那么平静呢？)”可知，在某些风暴之前，海洋似乎会变得安静，风会减弱。划线中的单词“static”表示“安静”。故选B项。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Science has given us the answer. Accrding t a US website Hw Stuff Wrks, a calm perid ccurs because many strms, such as trnades and hurricanes draw in all the warm and humid air frm the surrunding area. As this air rises int the strm cluds, it cls and acts as “fuel fr the strm like petrl in a car”. Once the strm has taken all the energy it can frm the air, it is pushed ut frm the tp f the strm clud sand falls back dwn t grund level. As the air descends (下降), it becmes warm and dry. Warm, dry air is stable, s nce it cvers an area, it causes a calm perid befre the strm. This same prcess als causes the “eye f the strm” in hurricanes and trnades. In these cnditins, the calm ccurs in the center f the strm because f the strng rtating(旋转的) winds.( 科学已经给了我们答案。据美国一家名为Hw Stuff Wrks的网站称，平静期的出现是因为龙卷风和飓风等许多风暴将周围地区的温暖潮湿空气吸进来。当这些空气上升到风暴云中，冷却下来，就像“汽车里的汽油一样，成为了风暴的燃料”。一旦风暴从空气中吸取了所有的能量，它就会从风暴云的顶部被推出，沙子会回落到地面。随着空气的下降，它变得温暖而干燥。温暖干燥的空气是稳定的，所以一旦它覆盖了一个地区，它就会在暴风雨来临之前造成一段平静期。同样的过程也会导致飓风和龙卷风的“风暴眼”。在这种情况下，由于强烈的旋转风，平静发生在风暴的中心)”可知第三段主要解释为什么暴风雨前会有一段平静的时期。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“S, yur best bet is t keep yurself updated with weather reprts fr any predictins regarding a cming strm in yur area. That’s the mst reliable and sensible way t predict the next display f nature’s temper.(所以，你最好的办法是随时更新天气报告，了解你所在地区即将到来的风暴的任何预测。这是预测下一次大自然脾气的最可靠、最明智的方法)”可知，在暴风雨之前并不总是风平浪静的。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If yu are a fan f fast fashin, yur chices may be narrwing in the near future. Recently, a large number f fast-fashin stres were clsed wrldwide. ____35____
A majr reasn is the shift in the mindset (心态) f cnsumers. Millennials, thse wh were brn in the 1980s r 1990s, are nw the largest cnsumer grup. ____36____ Lw-priced fast fashin is nt their pririty. Mre peple are starting t care abut quality and the stries behind a prduct.
____37____ The fashin industry is ne f the largest plluters f clean water and three-fifths f clthes prduced in a year end up in landfills (垃圾场). As there is mre awareness f the climate crisis (危机), yunger peple are pursuing mre ec-friendly chices.
Mlly, 22, is ne f them. Befre she went t cllege, she used t frequent fast-fashin shps. ____38____ Nw, she tries t shp in a way that is bth sustainable (可持续的) and affrdable:She shps secnd-hand. “My friend shwed me hw easy it was t be thrifty (节约的), and I develped a new persnal style that fcused less n trends but n basics that dn’t g ut f style,” she said.
In rder t survive in the cmpetitive market, many fast-fashin brands are making changes as well. ____39____ “Sustainability is a never-ending task in which everyne here is invlved”, said a CEO f a fast-fashin cmpany.
A. Millennials like brands with a lng histry.
B. It shws that fast fashin is slwing dwn.
C. Climate change shuld be blamed n the fashin industry.
D. Unlike their predecessrs (前人), millennials hld different attitudes twards prducts.
E. Anther factr is the grwing cncern ver the fashin industry’s effect n the envirnment.
F. Fr example, sme cmpanies plan fr all f their clthes t be sustainable in the future.
G. But after taking a class that fcused n the envirnmental impact f clthing prductin, her preference changed.
【答案】35. B 36. D 37. E 38. G 39. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了许多快时尚服装品牌发展速度放缓的原因，为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存，许多快速时尚品牌也在做出改变。
【35题详解】
分析设空，位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“If yu are a fan f fast fashin, yur chices may be narrwing in the near future. Recently, a large number f fast-fashin stres were clsed wrldwide.(如果你是快时尚的粉丝，在不久的将来，你的选择可能会越来越少。最近，全球有大量的快时尚商店关闭)”可知，B项“It shws that fast fashin is slwing dwn.(这表明快时尚正在放缓)”符合文意，是对前文的总结。故选B项。
【36题详解】
根据前文“A majr reasn is the shift in the mindset (心态) f cnsumers. Millennials, thse wh were brn in the 1980s r 1990s, are nw the largest cnsumer grup.(一个主要原因是消费者心态的转变。千禧一代，即出生在上世纪80年代或90年代的人，现在是最大的消费群体)”以及后文“Lw-priced fast fashin is nt their pririty. Mre peple are starting t care abut quality and the stries behind a prduct.(低价的快时尚不是他们的首选。越来越多的人开始关心产品的质量和产品背后的故事)”可知，此处是在讲述千禧一代的时尚选择发生改变，所以D项“Unlike their predecessrs (前人), millennials hld different attitudes twards prducts.(与他们的前辈不同，千禧一代对产品的态度不同)”符合本段主题，通过和前辈对比，讲述千禧一代发生改变。故选D项。
【37题详解】
分析设空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“The fashin industry is ne f the largest plluters f clean water and three-fifths f clthes prduced in a year end up in landfills (垃圾场). As there is mre awareness f the climate crisis (危机), yunger peple are pursuing mre ec-friendly chices.(时装业是最大的清洁水污染者之一，每年生产的服装中有五分之三最终被填埋。随着人们对气候危机的意识越来越强，年轻人开始追求更环保的选择)”可知，本段讲述时装业对环境的影响，所以E项“Anther factr is the grwing cncern ver the fashin industry’s effect n the envirnment.(另一个因素是人们越来越关注时装业对环境的影响)”符合本段主题。故选E项。
【38题详解】
根据前文“Mlly, 22, is ne f them. Befre she went t cllege, she used t frequent fast-fashin shps.(22岁的莫莉就是其中之一。在她上大学之前，她经常光顾快时尚店)”以及后文“Nw, she tries t shp in a way that is bth sustainable (可持续的) and affrdable: She shps secnd-hand.(现在，她试图以一种既可持续又负担得起的方式购物：她买二手货)”可知，本段用莫莉进行举例，讲述她对时尚的改变，所以G项“But after taking a class that fcused n the envirnmental impact f clthing prductin, her preference changed.(但在上了一门关注服装生产对环境影响的课程后，她的偏好发生了变化)”符合文意，描述的是莫莉的改变。故选G项。
【39题详解】
根据前文“In rder t survive in the cmpetitive market, many fast-fashin brands are making changes as well.(为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存，许多快时尚品牌也在做出改变)”以及后文““Sustainability is a never-ending task in which everyne here is invlved”, said a CEO f a fast-fashin cmpany.(一家快时尚公司的首席执行官表示：“可持续发展是一项永无止境的任务，这里的每个人都参与其中。”)”可知，本段主要讲述了许多快时尚品牌也在做出改变，后文应用一家快时尚公司的首席执行官的话，所以F项“Fr example, sme cmpanies plan fr all f their clthes t be sustainable in the future.(例如，一些公司计划未来所有的衣服都是可持续的)”符合本段主题，和下文构成顺成关系。故选F项。
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共6小题;每小题2分，共12分)
根据中文句子的意思和给出的提示词语，完成下列英文句子。将答案写在答题卡指定区域内。
40. 我希望在我毕业的时候能够说流利的汉语。(fluent, graduate)(汉译英)
【答案】I hpe t speak Chinese fluently when I graduate.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和状语从句。主语为I；表示“希望”短语为hpe t d sth.；表示“说流利的汉语”翻译为speak Chinese fluently；when引导时间状语从句，主语为I；表示“毕业”应用动词graduate。为一般现在时。故翻译为I hpe t speak Chinese fluently when I graduate.
41. 指导老师建议我选修高级文学 (recmmend ,advanced literature) 。(汉译英)
【答案】My adviser recmmended that I shuld sign up fr advanced literature.
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。“指导老师”表达为adviser；“建议”表达为recmmend；“选修”表达为sign up fr；“高级文学”表达为advanced literature。根据句意可知，此句陈述过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时，且此处为recmmend引导的宾语从句，故从句中应用虚拟语气(shuld)+d，故翻译为：My adviser recmmended that I shuld sign up fr advanced literature。
【分析】
【点睛】
42. 小船将把你送到当地的家庭共度三日美好时光。(take sb. t stay with) (汉译英)
【答案】A bat will take yu t stay with a lcal family fr three days.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。主语“小船”为a bat，为泛指；表示“带某人……共度”短语为take sb. t stay with；表示“当地的家庭”短语为a lcal family；表示“三日”短语为fr three days。根据“将”可知，此句为一般将来时。故翻译为A bat will take yu t stay with a lcal family fr three days.
43. 在未来的三天里，你可以深入雨林探索。(explre the rainfrest) (汉译英)
【答案】Yu can spend three days explring the rainfrest.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。主语为yu，表示“花费时间做某事”短语为spend time ding sth.，can后跟动词原形；表示“三天”应用three days；表示“深入雨林探索”应用动名词短语explring the rainfrest，作宾语。故翻译为Yu can spend three days explring the rainfrest.
44. 损失两大主力队员是个巨大的挑战，但是她没有气馁。(a big challenge, lse heart) (汉译英)
【答案】Lsing tw imprtant players was a big challenge, but she did nt lse heart.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。表示“损失两大主力队员”应用动名词短语lsing tw imprtant players，作主语；表示“是个巨大的挑战”翻译为be a big challenge；后跟but连接并列句，表示转折关系，主语为she；表示“气馁”短语为lse heart，为否定陈述句。为一般过去时。故翻译为Lsing tw imprtant players was a big challenge, but she did nt lse heart.
45. 乔丹说他成功的秘诀在于吸取失败的教训。(secret t his success, failure) (汉译英)
【答案】Jrdan says that the secret t his success is learning frm his failure.
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句和固定短语。主语为Jrdan，表示“说”应用say；后跟that引导的宾语从句；表示“成功的秘诀”翻译为the secret t his success；表示“吸取失败的教训”应用动名词短语learning frm his failure，作表语。为一般现在时。故翻译为Jrdan says that the secret t his success is learning frm his failure.
第二节(20分)
46. 假设你是红星中学李华。你的英国好友Jim写信告诉你他们学校要组织体质健康测试(Physical Fitness Test)，他不知道如何应对，感到有些焦虑。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1 表示理解和关心；
2. 提出具体建议；
3. 鼓励并表达祝愿。
注意：1. 词数100左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I hpe this letter finds yu well. I understand that yu are feeling anxius abut the upcming Physical Fitness Test at yur schl. Dn’t wrry. I believe that with the right apprach and mindset, yu can d well in this test.
At first, it is imprtant t create a regular exercise rutine. Yu culd try sme activities such as jgging, cycling, r swimming int yur daily life.
During the test, remember t breathe deeply and stay relaxed. Take yur time and fcus n the task at hand rather than getting t caught up in the pressure.
Lastly, I want t encurage yu t d yur best and have faith in yurself.
I wish yu all the best in yur preparatins and hpe t hear gd news frm yu sn.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是红星中学李华。你英国好友Jim写信告诉你他们学校要组织体质健康测试(Physical Fitness Test)，他不知道如何应对，感到有些焦虑。请你给他写一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：at first→t begin with
深呼吸：breathe deeply→take a deep breath
集中：fcus n→cncentrate n
有信心：have faith in→have cnfidence in
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：At first, it is imprtant t create a regular exercise rutine. Yu culd try sme activities such as jgging, cycling, r swimming int yur daily life.
拓展句：At first, since it is imprtant t create a regular exercise rutine, yu culd try sme activities such as jgging, cycling, r swimming int yur daily life.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I understand that yu are feeling anxius abut the upcming Physical Fitness Test at yur schl. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I believe that with the right apprach and mindset, yu can d well in this test.(运用了that引导宾语从句)
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