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北京市海淀区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末练习英语试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份北京市海淀区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末练习英语试卷（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
We’ve all heard the saying “Laughter is the best medicine”. And there might be smething in this idim. Numerus studies have shwn that peple wh reprt greater ___1___ tend t have better medical utcmes.
Fr instance, a 2017 study at the University f Nttingham tested the effect f md n 138 retirees ___2___ the nrmal flu injectin. Thse wh felt happy n the day f the vaccinatin went n t ___3___ mre flu-fighting antibdies. Earlier wrk at Yale University and the University f Flrida has als shwn that peple’s md affects the activatin f genes that fight disease.
But des happiness lead t gd ___4___, r is it the ther way arund? After all, it culd be that peple wh have strng immune systems ___5___ have higher levels f ther md-imprving brain chemicals as well.
Here is a pssible evlutinary ___6___. Humans evlved as scial creatures that cperate in grups t ___7___ fd and prtect themselves frm wild animals. We were happier with a(n) ___8___ netwrk f friends and family because this imprved ur chances f survival. But clsely scializing grups are als breeding grunds fr respiratry (呼吸的) ___9___ such as flu and clds, s we wuld have needed t increase the activity f the genes that fight these diseases.
Fr thse wh were ___10___ frm sciety, hwever, infectius disease was less f a prblem, and genes that help recver frm physical injury may have been priritized instead f the nes that fight disease.
1. A. successB. cnfidenceC. happinessD. determinatin
2. A. avidingB. receivingC. missingD. rganizing
3. A. prduceB. repairC. detectD. absrb
4. A. healthB. mdC. relatinshipD. perfrmance
5. A. graduallyB. naturallyC. randmlyD. rarely
6. A. slutinB. predictinC. applicatinD. explanatin
7. A. cnsumeB. serveC. secureD. purchase
8. A. fixedB. enrmusC. cmplicatedD. clse
9. A. functinsB. infectinsC. activitiesD. systems
10. A. cut ffB. taken verC. picked utD. made up
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。“笑是最好的良药”。许多研究表明，幸福感更高的人往往有更好的医疗结果。文章对此进行了解释。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多研究表明，幸福感更高的人往往有更好的医疗结果。A. success成功；B. cnfidence信心；C. happiness快乐；幸福；D. determinatin决心。结合上文“Laughter is the best medicine”可知，此处指笑带给人们的更大的幸福往往会带来更好的医疗结果。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，2017年诺丁汉大学的一项研究测试了138名接受正常流感注射的退休人员的情绪效果。A. aviding避免；B. receiving接受；C. missing错过；D. rganizing组织。结合下文“the nrmal flu injectin”可知，此处指他们接受流感疫苗的注射。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些在接种疫苗当天感到高兴的人继续产生更多的抗流感抗体。A. prduce制造；生产；B. repair修理；C. detect发现；D. absrb吸收。根据空前“Thse wh felt happy n the day f the vaccinatin”及下文“mre flu-fighting antibdies”可知，对于当天接种疫苗的人而言，他们会产生更多的流感抗体。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是高兴真的能带来健康吗，还是恰恰相反呢？A. health健康；B. md情绪；C. relatinship关系；D. perfrmance表现。结合前文“ peple’s md affects the activatin f genes that fight disease.”可知，人们的情绪会影响对抗疾病的基因的激活，所以此处是在问高兴真的能带来健康吗。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，那些拥有强大免疫系统的人自然也会有更高水平的其他改善情绪的大脑化学物质。A. gradually逐渐地；B. naturally自然地；C. randmly随便地；任意地；D. rarely稀有地。根据下文“have higher levels f ther md-imprving brain chemicals as well”可知，拥有强大免疫系统的人自然也会有更高水平的其他改善情绪的大脑化学物质。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里有一个可能的进化解释。A. slutin解决方法；B. predictin预测；C. applicatin应用；D. explanatin解释。根据下文内容提示，可知此处是用人类的进化来作解释。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人类作为社会性生物进化而来，它们群体合作以获得食物并保护自己免受野生动物的伤害。A. cnsume消费；B. serve服务；C. secure（尤指通过努力）获得；取得；D. purchase购买。根据下文“prtect themselves frm wild animals”可知，此处指人类通过群体合作来获得食物。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们与朋友和家人的密切关系网更快乐，因为这提高了我们生存的机会。A. fixed固定的；B. enrmus巨大的；C. cmplicated复杂的；D. clse亲近的；亲密的。结合下文“netwrk f friends and family because this imprved ur chances f survival. But clsely scializing grups”可知，这里指和朋友及家人之间的亲密关系，提高了我们的生存机会。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，密切社交的群体也是流感和感冒等呼吸道感染的滋生地，因此我们需要增加抗击这些疾病的基因的活性。A. functins功能；B. infectins传染病；C. activities活动；D. systems系统。结合下文“such as flu and clds”可知，感冒和流感是传染病。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，对于那些与社会隔绝的人来说，传染病并不是什么大问题，帮助他们从身体伤害中恢复过来的基因可能会被优先考虑，而不是那些对抗疾病的基因。A. cut ff 切断；B. taken ver掌管；C. picked ut挑选出；D. made up编造。结合上文“clsely scializing grups are als breeding grunds fr respiratry (呼吸的) 9 such as flu and clds”及下文“infectius disease was less f a prblem”可知，密切社交的群体也是流感和感冒等呼吸道感染的滋生地，因而若要没有传染病得问题，就要切断和社会的联系。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
After earning a master’s degree in 2016, Huang Wenxiu returned t Baise, her hmetwn, instead f seeking a career in Beijing. “I cme frm ____11____ remte muntainus village. Quite a number f flks ____12____ (struggle) with pverty there, s all I wish is t d my part t imprve their lives,” she nce said. Huang vlunteered t jin the grassrts pverty alleviatin (扶贫) effrt. She invited experts t tell the villagers ____13____ they culd imprve prductin. She persuaded the villagers t expand the planting area and encuraged e-cmmerce sales. 418 peple frm 88 husehlds were lifted ut f pverty thanks t her effrts.
【答案】11 a 12. are struggling##have been struggling
13. hw
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了黄文绣（音译）回到自己的家乡百色，帮助家乡摆脱贫困的故事。
【11题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我来自一个偏远的山村。village“村庄”为可数名词，此处使用了单数，空后形容词remte的首个音素为辅音，所以此处用不定冠词a，表示泛指。故填a。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：在那里很多人与贫困作斗争，所以我希望的所有的就是尽自己的一份力量来改善他们的生活。空处在句中为谓语，本句话为直接引语，所以时态可以用现在进行时，也可以表示动作一直以来都在发生，且还将继续持续，所以用现在完成进行时。句子主语“a number f flks”为复数含义，所以助动词也用复数。故填are struggling/ have been struggling。
【13题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：她邀请专家告诉村民们如何提高产量。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容为动词tell的宾语从句，空处作从句中的方式状语，所以用连接副词hw，故填hw。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Gvernments at all levels have made cntinuus effrts t reduce the financial burden n huse renters, especially thse ____14____ are new cllege graduates. A reprt by the Meadin Academy says that cllege graduates ____15____ (survey) prefer t live in apartments near the cmpanies r railway statins t facilitate their cmmute (通勤). As t huse rents, mst cllege graduates still need ____16____ (assistant) frm their parents and nly abut 20 percent f them pay the rent themselves. ____17____ (help) lwer the financial burdens f yung peple, many gvernments and cmpanies have given their supprt in huse rentals.
【答案】14. wh
15. surveyed
16. assistance
17. T help
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了各级政府不断努力减轻租房者的经济负担，特别是刚毕业的大学生。
【14题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：各级政府不断努力减轻租房者的经济负担，特别是刚毕业的大学生。分析可知，空处及之后的内容为定语从句，先行词为thse，指人，在从句中作主语，所以此处用关系代词wh，故填wh。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Meadin Academy的一份报告称，接受调查的大学毕业生更喜欢住在公司或火车站附近的公寓里，以方便他们上下班。分析句子可知，空处在that引导的宾语从句中作定语，修饰主语cllege graduates，从句的谓语prefer，动词survey和句子主语为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词surveyed，故填surveyed。
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：至于房租，大多数大学毕业生仍然需要父母的帮助，只有20% 左右的大学毕业生自己付房租。空处在句中作动词need的宾语，所以用名词assistance，为不可数名词，故填assistance。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：为了帮助减轻年轻人的经济负担，许多政府和公司在房屋租赁方面给予了支持。分析句子可知，逗号前的所有内容在句中为目的状语，表示“政府和公司在房屋租赁方面给予支持”的目的，所有用不定式。因处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填T help。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
With the ppularity f cycling, many cities have cmbined their turism characteristics t launch themed rutes. Frm indr exhibitins ____18____ utdr cncerts and night cycling alng the Suth Central Axis (轴), a series f activities ____19____ (intrduce) next mnth s that urban residents can enjy themselves. An fficial f the China Turism Academy said, “As mass turism grws in ppularity, nly high-quality utdr turism prducts can attract visitrs and the integratin f micr-vacatin prducts with utdr sprts prducts ____20____ (have) a brad space fr develpment.”
【答案】18. t 19. will be intrduced
20. has ## will have
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着自行车运动的普及，许多城市结合自己的旅游特色开辟了主题路线。文章讲述了下个月即将要举行一系列活动，让市民可以尽情享受。
【18题详解】
考查介词。句意：从室内展览到户外音乐会，以及沿中南轴的夜间自行车活动，下个月将推出一系列活动，让市民可以尽情享受。固定结构：“从……到……”，结合句意，此处指从室内展览到户外音乐会，以及沿中南轴的夜间自行车活动，表示活动种类多。故填t。
【19题详解】
考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：同上。空处在句中为谓语，结合空后“next mnth”可知，时态为一般将来时；句子主语“a series f activities”和动词“intrduce”为动宾关系，所以此处用被动语态。故填will be intrduced。
【20题详解】
考查时态。句意：“随着大众旅游的普及，只有高质量的户外旅游产品才能吸引游客，且将微型度假产品与户外运动产品相结合，（将会）具有广阔的发展空间。”分析句子可知，空处为and后的并列句中的谓语，结合句意，这里可以表示一般性事实，用一般现在时，也可以表示将来的情况，用一般将来时，主语是单数，所以空处可以用has/will have，故填has/will have。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Best Gifts fr Every Type f Mm
D yu want t reward Mm with New Year gifts? Millins f prducts are ffered nline, but dn’t get scared away. We have dne the wrk fr yu by selecting best gift ideas fr every type f mm. Just click “Add t cart” t shwer Mm with lve.
Dainty Earrings-Best fr the Jewelry Lver
Made frm sterling silver, the earrings are lightweight and perfect fr everyday wear. They’re als ideal fr anyne with sensitive ears. Amng the 8,000 plus five-star reviewers, April Farmer cnfirm: this, saying, “Just abut every material irritates (刺激) my ears, but I have had these in fr three mnths nw-and n irritatin, n clr changing, r fading f silver. I can’t even tell they are in!”
KS Lunch Bag-Best fr the Wrking Mm
This in-disguise cler bag will put a smile n mm’s face during lunch hur. With thusands f five-star reviewers, the fashinable and functinal KS bag has an insulated lining (隔热的内衬) that helps keep fd and beverages fresh, and an inside pcket that hlds utensils. Plus, the sft, lightweight design makes it easy t bring anywhere.
Breville Express-Best fr the Cffee Lver
Talk abut a mrning bst! If Mm is a true cffee lver, she’s dreamed f wning a high-end espress machine. Nw yu can make that dream a reality. The Breville Express, which has mre than 14,000 five-star reviews, cmes in either black r stainless steel surfaces and ffers the same dse-cntrlled grinding (研磨) that’s nrmally reserved fr fancy cffee shps.
Beckham Pillws--Best fr the One Wh Needs a Gd Night’s Sleep
She deserves a peaceful night’s rest after all the hard wrk she des every day, and she’ll get just that with these Beckham pillws. The set f tw affrdable cling gel pillws is ideal fr back, stmach and side sleepers. It ffers much-needed temperature regulatin that will keep her mre cmfrtable than ever. It’s a best seller with mre than 126,000 five-star reviews, s it’s pretty much a hit.
21. April Farmer’s review indicates that the Dainty Earrings are .
A. durable and fancyB. simple and unique
C. stylish and valuableD. light and skin-friendly
22. Frm the passage, we can knw that .
A. Dainty Earrings are best fr frmal ccasins
B. KS Lunch Bag is silver, prtable and insulated
C. Breville Express features fine and quick grinding
D. Beckham Pillws suit different sleeping psitins
23. Wh is the passage intended fr?
A. Agencies selling prducts t mms.
B. Peple seeking gifts fr their mms.
C. Mms planning t reward themselves.
D. Salesmen studying mms’ preferences.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了给不同类型的妈妈选择最佳礼物的一些小贴士。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“n irritatin, n clr changing, r fading f silver. I can’t even tell they are in!”（没有刺激，没有变色，没有银色的褪色。我都不知道我戴着耳环！）可知，耳环比较轻，而且也对皮肤没有刺激。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Made frm sterling silver, the earrings are lightweight and perfect fr everyday wear. ”（这款耳环由纯银制成，重量轻，非常适合日常佩戴。）可知，这款耳环适合日常佩戴。选项A错误；第三段中“the fashinable and functinal KS bag has an insulated lining (隔热的内衬) that helps keep fd and beverages fresh, and an inside pcket that hlds utensils. Plus, the sft, lightweight design makes it easy t bring anywhere.”（时尚和功能性的 KS 袋有一个绝缘衬里，有助于保持食品和饮料的新鲜，和一个内口袋，容纳器具。此外，软，轻便的设计使它很容易带到任何地方。）可知，KS 袋有一个绝缘衬里，轻便的设计使得它易于携带，但并没有说它是银质的。选项B错误；根据倒数第二段中“The Breville Express, which has mre than 14,000 five-star reviews, cmes in either black r stainless steel surfaces and ffers the same dse-cntrlled grinding (研磨) that’s nrmally reserved fr fancy cffee shps.”（Breville Express 有超过14,000条五星级评论，它有黑色或不锈钢表面，并提供通常只有高档咖啡店才有的剂量控制研磨服务。）可知，The Breville Express可以提供剂量控制研磨服务，没有提及它可以快速研磨，选项C错误；根据最后一段中“ideal fr back, stmach and side sleepers.”（对平睡，趴着睡和侧面睡的人而言是合适的。）可知，Beckham Pillws适合不同睡姿的人士。与文意一致，故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Best Gifts fr Every Type f Mm”（最适合各种类型妈妈的礼物）可知，文章主要是面向给妈妈选礼物的顾客。故选B。
B
It’s the green wall f her schl swimming pl that Jill Craven remembers best, as she felt her teacher’s hand n her head, guiding her underwater. “Yu knw hw time slws? Ging under. Watching ...” she says.
This was in Palmerstn Nrth, when she was five. While her three lder siblings culd swim half a mile r mre, she wuld d anything t avid swimming lessns. In her 20s, she mved t Lndn t pursue a career in jurnalism. She insisted she had never feared fr her career, but she still had this lifelng fear f being underwater.
Hwever, when she retired, Craven was diagnsed with breast cancer, and was advised t swim as part f her recvery. Still finding the fear undefeatable, she tk up water jgging instead-like treading water (踩水), but mving-with a flatatin aid arund her middle. She culd get her feet f the bttm f the pl fr a quick dggy paddle, but anything mre was beynd her.
One day at the pl, she saw a grup f children having a lessn. It was an indr pl, nice and warm, and the children were five r six. “I just thught, it’s time t d this,” she says. “Wh knws what I lked like. An egg beater,” she cntinues. “I did five strkes, r six. I was s prud f myself”. Then a lifeguard encuraged her t cntinue and tld her hw t breathe. A friend gave her gggles. Her niece Justine walked beside the pl clapping, and Craven felt as if she had wn a gld medal. Justine bught Craven lessns fr her 69th birthday. Befre lng, Craven had swum a length with her face in the water.
When her instructr tld her t sit n the bttm f the pl, Craven felt like ging back t being a five-year-ld. She hung n t the stairs as she went dwn. But she did it! She stayed there fr a few secnds!
Nw Craven swims twice a week: five lengths, smetimes 10, with a rest after each. “I just think yu need t d things if yu can. If yu can, yu must.” she says.
24. Why did Craven chse water jgging instead f swimming?
A. She hated lsing face.
B. She liked treading water.
C. She was afraid t swim.
D. She was fnd f flating.
25. What inspired Craven t try swimming again?
A. The sight f kids learning swimming.
B. The supprt f her niece Justine.
C. The encuragement frm a lifeguard.
D. The dctr’s advice n her recvery.
26. What is the passage trying t tell us?
A. Once bitten, twice shy.
B. Yu can never teach an ld dg new tricks.
C. Practice makes perfect.
D. Nthing is impssible fr a willing heart.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Craven从最初害怕游泳到退休后的一天看到一群小孩学游泳，最终激励了她去游泳的故事。这个故事证明了世上无难事，只怕有心人的道理。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“She insisted she had never feared fr her career, but she still had this lifelng fear f being underwater.”（她坚称自己从未担心过自己的职业生涯，但她一生都害怕被水淹没。）第三段中“Craven was diagnsed with breast cancer, and was advised t swim as part f her recvery. Still finding the fear undefeatable, she tk up water jgging instead”（Craven被诊断出患有乳腺癌，作为康复的一部分，医生建议她去游泳。她仍然觉得恐惧是无法战胜的，于是开始了水上慢跑。）可知，Craven选择水上慢跑而不是游泳是因为她害怕被水淹没，即她害怕游泳。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“One day at the pl, she saw a grup f children having a lessn. It was an indr pl, nice and warm, and the children were five r six. “I just thught, it’s time t d this,” she says. ”（一天在游泳池，她看见一群孩子在上课。那是一个室内游泳池，温暖舒适，孩子们只有五六岁。“我只是想，是时候这么做了,”她说。）可知，是因为有一天她看到了一群小孩在上游泳课，激励了她去游泳。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Craven从最初害怕游泳到退休后的一天看到一群小孩学游泳，最终激励了她去游泳的故事。所以这个故事证明了世上无难事，只怕有心人的道理。选项A.“一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。”；选项B.“朽木不可雕也”；选项C.“熟能生巧”，故选D。
C
A new study has fund human feelings can accurately be expressed numerically and have mre predictive pwer fr hw we behave than frmal studies f sciecnmic factrs like husehld incme and emplyment status.
The study c-authr Andrew Oswald, a prfessr f ecnmics and behaviral science gathered infrmatin frm nearly 700,000 peple, wh were asked annually ver a three-decade perid hw they felt n a numerical scale abut their jb, spuse, health and hme. Using the data cllected, researchers cnstructed statistical mdels t shw hw peple felt and the actins they tk as a result f their reprted feelings. The study fund that ratings f life satisfactin had a direct linear (线性的) relatinship t actins peple subsequently take. Participants wh rated their jb satisfactin as a 2 ut f 7 had a 25% prbability f quitting their jb. Thse wh rated a 6 ut f 7 had nly a 10 percent prbability f quitting. The same was true acrss ther measures like marriage, health and husing.
Previus research has als shwn data abut feelings predict human utcmes, but nt in such a linear fashin; the degree f satisfactin served as a gd predictr f future actins. Additinally, ecnmists have previusly been critical f feelings data because they cnsidered them unscientific and unreliable. But this study shws sciecnmic factrs have a lesser prbability f predicting human behavir than data n feelings.
Thugh the study shws numbers can quantify feelings, researchers are still a bit cnfused as t why estimates f seemingly subjective feelings can be such gd predictrs f future actins. Accrding t Oswald, a number f factrs culd be at play. Humans are very experienced in cmparative thinking and are able t scale their wn life satisfactin against that f their neighbrs. We’re als accustmed t using measuring devices fr ther aspects f life like temperature, distance and weight, s it shuldn’t be t surprising that we’re able t measure ur feelings in a similarly accurate way. Anther study c-authr Caspar Kaiser says that it may als be because we cmmunicate ur feelings and d it in a scaled fashin every day. This culd be why it cmes ut in the data mre accurately than in bjective markers.
Ori Heffetz, an ecnmics prfessr wh was nt invlved in the study, says that this research shws feelings data shuldn’t be underestimated even if they’re mre difficult t study. “Scientists wh ignre this d s at their wn risk,” he says.
Lking ahead, Kaiser hpes this same data can be studied in lwer-incme cuntries s that it can be applied universally t places with varied levels f ecnmic develpment. But mre than anything else he’s interested in studying why feelings wrk s well.
27. Paragraph 2 is mainly abut .
A. research prcess and findings
B. research tpic and significance
C. research subjects and purpse
D. research data cllectin and analysis
28. What can we knw abut the study?
A. It als applies t peple frm lwer-incme cuntries.
B. It challenges the pinin that feelings data are unreliable.
C. It explains why ratings f feelings can fresee future actins.
D It first shws data abut feelings can predict human behavir
29. What is Ori’s attitude twards the study?
A. Neutral.B. Skeptical.C. Supprtive.D. Cautius.
30. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A Hw Yu Rate Yur Life Predicts Yur Future Behavir
B. Feelings Frecast Actins Better than Ecnmic Factrs
C. Why Yur Feelings Affect Yur Future Actins
D. Ranking Every Aspect f Yur Life Cunts
【答案】27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，与对家庭收入和就业状况等社会经济因素的正式研究相比，人类的情感可以准确地用数字表达出来，对我们的行为具有更大的预测力。文章讲述了该项研究的过程及结论的得出。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The study c-authr Andrew Oswald, a prfessr f ecnmics and behaviral science gathered infrmatin frm nearly 700,000 peple, wh were asked annually ver a three-decade perid hw they felt n a numerical scale abut their jb, spuse, health and hme. Using the data cllected, researchers cnstructed statistical mdels t shw hw peple felt and the actins they tk as a result f their reprted feelings. The study fund that ratings f life satisfactin had a direct linear (线性的) relatinship t actins peple subsequently take. Participants wh rated their jb satisfactin as a 2 ut f 7 had a 25% prbability f quitting their jb. Thse wh rated a 6 ut f 7 had nly a 10 percent prbability f quitting. The same was true acrss ther measures like marriage, health and husing.”（这项研究的合著者，经济学和行为科学教授安德鲁 · 奥斯瓦尔德(Andrew Oswald)收集了近70万人的信息。在过去的30年里，他们每年都会被问及对自己的工作、配偶、健康和家庭的感受。利用收集到的数据，研究人员构建了统计模型，以显示人们的感受以及他们因报告的感受而采取的行动。研究发现，生活满意度的等级与人们随后采取的行动有直接的线性关系。参与者将他们的工作满意度评为7分中的2分，他们辞职的可能性为25% 。那些得到6分(满分7分)的人只有10% 的可能性会放弃。在婚姻、健康和住房等其他指标上也是如此。）可知，本段主要讲述了实施研究的过程和研究结果。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Previus research has als shwn data abut feelings predict human utcmes, but nt in such a linear fashin; the degree f satisfactin served as a gd predictr f future actins. Additinally, ecnmists have previusly been critical f feelings data because they cnsidered them unscientific and unreliable. But this study shws sciecnmic factrs have a lesser prbability f predicting human behavir than data n feelings.”（先前的研究也表明，关于情感的数据可以预测人类的结果，但不是以这样的线性方式；满意度可以很好地预测未来的行动。此外，经济学家此前一直对情感数据持批评态度，因为他们认为这些数据不科学、不可靠。但是，这项研究表明，社会经济因素预测人类行为的可能性低于情感数据。）可知，之前的研究结果表明情感的数据可以预测人类的行为。但是，这项研究表明，社会经济因素预测人类行为的可能性低于情感数据。所以这个研究的结果证实了之前的研究的的结论不可靠。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ori Heffetz, an ecnmics prfessr wh was nt invlved in the study, says that this research shws feelings data shuldn’t be underestimated even if they’re mre difficult t study. “Scientists wh ignre this d s at their wn risk,” he says.”（没有参与这项研究的经济学教授 Ori Heffetz 说，这项研究表明，即使感觉数据更难研究，也不应该被低估。他说: “忽视这一点的科学家要承担自己的风险。”）可推知，经济学教授 Ori Heffetz认为， 即使感觉数据更难研究，也不应该被低估。所以对于这次研究他是赞同的。故选C。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A new study has fund human feelings can accurately be expressed numerically and have mre predictive pwer fr hw we behave than frmal studies f sciecnmic factrs like husehld incme and emplyment status.”（一项新的研究发现，与对家庭收入和就业状况等社会经济因素的正式研究相比，人类的情感可以准确地用数字表达出来，对我们的行为具有更大的预测力。）可知，文章介绍了一项新的研究成果：人类的情感可以准确地用数字表达出来，这对我们的行为具有更大的预测力。同时结合下文讲述研究的过程及结论的得出，本文主要讲述了一项新的研究成果：你对自己的评价会影响你未来的行为。故选A。
D
Peple wh think f themselves as tugh-minded and realistic tend t take it fr granted that human nature is selfish and that life is a struggle in which nly the fittest may survive. Accrding t this philsphy, the basic law by which peple must live, is the law f the jungle. The “fittest” are thse wh can bring t the struggle superir frce, superir cunning and superir ruthlessness.
But we are entitled t ask whether the ruthlessness f the tiger, the cunning f the fx and the bedience t the law f the jungle are, in their human applicatins, actually evidence f human fitness t survive. If human beings are t pick up pinters n behavir frm the lwer animals, are there nt animals ther than beasts f prey frm which we might learn lessns in survival?
We might, fr example, lk t the rabbit r the deer and define fitness t survive as superir speed in running away frm ur enemies. We might pint t the earthwrm r the mle and attribute their fitness t survive t the ability t keep ut f sight and ut f the way. If we simply lk t animals in rder t define what we mean by “fitness t survive”, there is n limit t the subhuman systems f behavir that we can think up. We may emulate any animal because they have all bviusly survived in ne way r anther. We are still entitled t ask, hwever, if human survival des nt revlve arund a different kind f fitness frm that f the lwer animals.
Bilgists distinguish between tw kinds f struggle fr survival. First, there is the interspecific struggle, warfare between different species f animals. Secnd, there is the intraspecific struggle, warfare amng members f a single species. A great deal f evidence in mdern bilgy indicates that thse species that have develped elabrate means f intraspecific cmpetitin ften make themselves unfit fr interspecific cmpetitin, and that strength and fierceness in fighting and killing ther animals, whether in interspecific r intraspecific cmpetitin, have never been enugh in themselves t guarantee the survival f a species.
If we are ging t talk abut human survival, ne f the first things t d, even if we grant that peple must fight t live, is t distinguish between thse qualities that are useful in fighting the envirnment and ther species and thse qualities that are useful in fighting ther peple. There are als characteristics imprtant t human survival that d nt invlve fighting.
Cperatin is essential t the survival f mst living creatures. And human beings are the talking animals. Any thery f human survival that leaves this fact ut f accunt is n mre scientific than wuld be a thery f beaver survival that failed t cnsider the interesting uses a beaver makes f its teeth and flat tail. Let us see what talking means.
beaver
31. Accrding t the passage, the “Survival f the Fittest” thery .
A. shws that the tugh-minded and realistic survive
B is ften used as an excuse fr ne’s being selfish
C. applies better in human sciety than in the wild
D. is universally acknwledged amng scientists
32. What des the underlined wrd “emulate” in Paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A. CpyB. Prtect.C. Trap.D. Admire.
33. Accrding t the passage, the authr is mst likely t agree that .
A. humans have n superir frce ver ther species
B humans have survived because they are the fittest
C. humans dn’t have t learn frm animals t survive
D. humans need t fight each ther fr their wn survival
34. What is mst likely t be talked abut next?
A. Ways t make humans mre cmpetitive.
B. Human’s cperatin via cmmunicatin
C. Differences between beavers and humans.
D. The develpment f human survival skills.
【答案】31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了”适者生存“理论在人类社会中与动物之间的区别。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Peple wh think f themselves as tugh-minded and realistic tend t take it fr granted that human nature is selfish and that life is a struggle in which nly the fittest may survive. Accrding t this philsphy, the basic law by which peple must live, is the law f the jungle. The “fittest” are thse wh can bring t the struggle superir frce, superir cunning and superir ruthlessness.”（那些认为自己意志坚强、现实的人往往理所当然地认为，人性是自私的，生活是一场只有适者才能生存的斗争。根据这种哲学，人们必须遵循的基本法则是丛林法则。“适者”是那些能够在斗争中带来优越的力量、优越的狡猾和优越的残忍的人。）可知，对于信奉“适者生存”理论的人而言，他们往往认为人性是自私的，生活是一场只有适者才能生存的斗争。可推知，这些人会把这个理论作为自己自私的借口。故选B。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段的“If we simply lk t animals in rder t define what we mean by “fitness t survive”, there is n limit t the subhuman systems f behavir that we can think up. ”（如果我们只是看动物来定义我们所说的“适者生存”，那么我们可以想出的非人类的行为系统是没有限制的。）可知，我们不应只是看动物来定义“适者生存”。划线词后内容“because they have all bviusly survived in ne way r anther. ”（因为它们显然都以这样或那样的方式幸存了下来。）可知，动物们以自己的方式生存下来证实了适者生存的道理，所以我们应该不仅只是看动物来定义“适者生存”，而且要模仿它们，让自己生存下来。由此可知，划线词所在句指“我们会模仿动物来让自己生存下来”，所以划线词的含义为“模仿”，故选A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“We are still entitled t ask, hwever, if human survival des nt revlve arund a different kind f fitness frm that f the lwer animals.”（然而，我们仍然有权问，人类的生存是否围绕着一种不同于低等动物的适应性。）和倒数第二段“If we are ging t talk abut human survival, ne f the first things t d, even if we grant that peple must fight t live, is t distinguish between thse qualities that are useful in fighting the envirnment and ther species and thse qualities that are useful in fighting ther peple. There are als characteristics imprtant t human survival that d nt invlve fighting.”（如果我们要谈论人类的生存，首先要做的事情之一，即使我们承认人类必须为生存而战，就是区分那些有助于对抗环境和其他物种的品质，和那些有助于对抗其他人的品质。还有一些对人类生存非常重要的特征不涉及战斗。）和最后一段前两句“Cperatin is essential t the survival f mst living creatures. And human beings are the talking animals. ”（合作对于大多数生物的生存是必不可少的，而人类是会说话的动物。）可知，作者认为，人类的生存不同于其他物种之间的生存的适应性，因为人类能区分那些有助于对抗环境和其他物种的品质，和那些有助于对抗其他人的品质。还有一些对人类生存非常重要的特征并不涉及战斗，此外人类是会说话的动物。即人类不必向动物学习才能生存，故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Cperatin is essential t the survival f mst living creatures. And human beings are the talking animals. Any thery f human survival that leaves this fact ut f accunt is n mre scientific than wuld be a thery f beaver survival that failed t cnsider the interesting uses a beaver makes f its teeth and flat tail. Let us see what talking means.”（合作对大多数生物的生存至关重要。人类是会说话的动物。任何不考虑这一事实的人类生存理论都不会比海狸生存理论更科学，因为后者没有考虑到海狸利用牙齿和扁尾巴的有趣用途。让我们看看说话是什么意思。）可知，本段结尾提到了人类会通过沟通获得合作，因此接下来可能谈论的是人们如何通过沟通来实现合作。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Science f Recreatinal Fear
Frm peek-a-b t Hallween haunted huses, research shws that recreatinal fear can teach us t face scary situatins. The “paradx f hrrr” is that being scared, under the right circumstances, can be fun. ____35____
Having fun with fear is an “extremely imprtant tl fr learning,” said Mathias Clasen, directr f the Recreatinal Fear Lab at Aarhus University in Denmark. “We learn smething abut the dangers f the wrld. We learn smething abut ur wn respnses: What des it feel like t be afraid? Hw much fear can I take?”
Hrrr mvies have gtten mre ppular. And in ne survey f mre than 1,000 Americans, cnducted by Clasen, 55% described themselves as hrrr fans. ____36____ Many peple wh wuld nt cnsider themselves fans f fear enjy true-crime pdcasts and nvels featuring vilence and murder. Others may enjy nature dcumentaries abut tp predatrs (捕食性动物) such as sharks and bears.
Even babies like being a little spked (惊的). Peek-a-b is “an infant jump scare,” Clasen said. ____37____ “I dn’t think I’ve yet cme acrss a persn wh did nt enjy sme kind f recreatinal fear,” he said.
____38____ It is a cmbinatin f an adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush and an pprtunity t learn abut dealing with scary situatins in a safe envirnment, researchers say. When we are afraid, ur endcrine system releases adrenaline, nradrenaline and crtisl t help prepare ur bdy fr physical actin. We knw the “Hallween” mvie Michael Myers is nt real, but ur brain still respnds as if he were a burning threat. One brain imaging study fund that watching hrrr mvies activates threat-respnse brain regins such as the amygdala (扁桃腺), prefrntal crtex and insula as if the danger were real.
After this rush, many peple experience an uplifted md. One study examined hw 262 adults felt befre and after they entered an extreme haunted huse. ____39____ Brain recrdings befre and after shwed that thse whse md imprved had a smaller neural respnse t subsequent stressrs, which is assciated with the pst-haunt high.
A. S why d we like it?
B. Fifty percent f peple said they felt better after the visit.
C. And recreatinal fear, as it is rightly named, culd benefit us, t.
D. Playing with fear helps us learn what ur bdy des under pressure.
E. Hrrr, thugh, is nt the nly genre f what peple find scary fun, he said.
F. We define recreatinal fear bradly as a mixed emtinal experience f fear and enjyment.
G. Classic childhd games f tag and hide-and-seek are just like the real scenes f predatr vs. prey.
【答案】35. C 36. E 37. G 38. A 39. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章谈论了娱乐恐惧的科学。
【35题详解】
根据上文“research shws that recreatinal fear can teach us t face scary situatins. The “paradx f hrrr” is that being scared, under the right circumstances, can be fun. ”（研究表明娱乐恐惧可以教会我们面对可怕的情况。“恐怖悖论”是，在适当的情况下，害怕可能是件有趣的事）提出“恐怖悖论”在适当的情况下，害怕可能是件有趣的事。因而空处应承接前文，讲述娱乐恐惧也是有好处的。选项C. “And recreatinal fear, as it is rightly named, culd benefit us, t”（而娱乐性的恐惧，正如它的名字一样，也可以使我们受益）切题。故选C。
【36题详解】
根据上文“And in ne survey f mre than 1,000 Americans, cnducted by Clasen, 55% described themselves as hrrr fans. ”（在克拉森对1000多名美国人进行的一项调查中，55% 的人称自己是恐怖片迷。）讲述了克拉森的一项调查的结果，下文“Many peple wh wuld nt cnsider themselves fans f fear enjy true-crime pdcasts and nvels featuring vilence and murder. Others may enjy nature dcumentaries abut tp predatrs (捕食性动物) such as sharks and bears.”（许多不认为自己是恐惧迷的人喜欢真实犯罪的播客和以暴力和谋杀为主题的小说。其他人可能喜欢关于顶级掠食者如鲨鱼和熊的自然纪录片）提到了其他人的喜欢类型，所以空处应承接上文，讲述结果发现，喜欢恐怖并不是唯一的一种类型。选项E.“Hrrr, thugh, is nt the nly genre f what peple find scary fun, he said.”（然而，他说，恐怖并不是人们觉得恐怖有趣的唯一类型）切题。故选E。
【37题详解】
上文“Even babies like being a little spked (惊的). Peek-a-b is “an infant jump scare,” Clasen said. ”（即使是婴儿也喜欢被吓到，躲猫猫是“一种婴儿的跳跃恐惧”，Clasen 说）下文““I dn’t think I’ve yet cme acrss a persn wh did nt enjy sme kind f recreatinal fear,” he said.”（“我想我还没有遇到过一个人不喜欢某种娱乐性的恐惧,”他说）所以空处应其承上启下的作用，讲述“捉迷藏”游戏也有着恐惧的因素。选项G.“Classic childhd games f tag and hide-and-seek are just like the real scenes f predatr vs. prey.”（经典的儿童捉迷藏游戏就像捕食者与猎物的真实场景。）切题。故选G。
【38题详解】
结合前一段的末句““I dn’t think I’ve yet cme acrss a persn wh did nt enjy sme kind f recreatinal fear,” he said.”（“我想我还没有遇到过一个人不喜欢某种娱乐性的恐惧,”他说）说明人们都喜欢娱乐性的恐惧。下文“It is a cmbinatin f an adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush and an pprtunity t learn abut dealing with scary situatins in a safe envirnment, researchers say.”（研究人员说，这是肾上腺素激增和学习如何在安全环境中处理可怕情况的机会的结合）解释了人们喜欢娱乐性恐惧的原因。因而空处应承接前文，讲述为什么人们会喜欢的问题。选项A.“S why d we like it?”（那我们为什么喜欢它？）切题。故选A。
【39题详解】
根据上文“One study examined hw 262 adults felt befre and after they entered an extreme haunted huse. ”（一项研究调查了262名成年人在进入一个极度闹鬼的房子前后的感受）空处应承接前文，讲述调查的结果。选项B.“Fifty percent f peple said they felt better after the visit.”（百分之五十的人说他们在参观后感觉好多了）切题。故选B。
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Engaging in meaningful cnversatins with thers strengthens scial bnds and bsts well—being far mre than small talk des. Yet many peple fear r even actively avid intimate (亲密的) cnversatins, especially with thse they dn’t knw well. Why are we s unwilling t engage in an activity that culd benefit us s acutely? Accrding t new research, it may be due t miscalculated expectatins, and changing them culd fster deeper cnnectins.
In a series f studies published in the Jurnal f Persnality and Scial Psychlgy, participants either engaged in “shallw” cnversatins (speaking, fr example, abut their sleep schedule r hw ften they get haircuts) r “deep” discussins (cvering embarrassing mments r what they’re grateful fr). Befre chatting, they predicted hw awkward and uncmfrtable the cnversatin wuld be, hw clse they wuld feel t their cnversatin partner afterward, and hw much they wuld enjy the interactin. Participants wh cnsistently verestimated the awkwardness f the cnversatins als greatly underestimated hw much they’d enjy the mre intimate cnversatins, as well as hw clse they’d feel t their partner.
The nticeable difference between participants’ expectatins and their actual experience seemed rted in the assumptin that cnversatin partners wuldn’t care abut the details f their lives. “We underestimate, essentially, hw scial thers are,” explains study authr Nichlas Epley, a psychlgist at the University f Chicag.
Such an assumptin culd be a barrier t frming deeper cnnectins with thers, Epley believes. Yet participants appeared able t curse-crrect. When they were tld ahead f time that it’s cmmn t underestimate hw much strangers care abut each ther, they vluntarily steered the talks int deeper directins, ptentially reaping the benefits f ding s.
A single reminder likely isn’t enugh t permanently change miscalculated assumptins, Epley warns. But making the effrt t engage in just a few psitive interactins culd help smene mentally reset. “After having a meaningful cnversatin, peple usually want t have anther ne,” he says. “But yu can learn nly frm experiences that yu have,” he adds. “If yu think it will be unpleasant t talk t smene and therefre never try, yu’ll never find ut that yu were wrng.”
40. Why are peple unwilling t get invlved in intimate cnversatins?
________________________________________________
41. What culd stp peple frming deeper cnnectins with thers?
________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
A single reminder can permanently change ur assumptins, but we still need t engage in psitive interactins t help us mentally reset.
________________________________________________
43. D yu prefer t have a “shallw” cnversatin r a “deep” discussin with strangers? And give yur reasns. (In abut 40 wrds)
________________________________________________
【答案】40. It may be due t miscalculated expectatins./ Because f miscalculated expectatins. / Because peple have miscalculated expectatins.
41. It is the assumptins that cnversatin partners wuldn’t care abut the details f their lives.
42. A single reminder can permanently change ur assumptins, but we still need t engage in psitive interactins t help us mentally reset.
Accrding t the passage, a single reminder isn’t enugh t permanently change miscalculated assumptins, but we still need t engage in psitive interactins t help us mentally reset.
43. I prefer t have a shallw cnversatin because there is scial etiquette that we need t bserve in rder nt t make thers feel ffended. Besides, peple differ in persnalities s it is plite and cnsiderate t respect their bundaries and avid infrmatin they might view as privacy. (48 wrds)
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了生活中人们更易于“浅谈”而不是“深入交谈”的原因。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“Accrding t new research, it may be due t miscalculated expectatins, and changing them culd fster deeper cnnectins.”（根据新的研究，这可能是由于错误的预期，改变他们可以培养更深的联系。）可知，人们害怕或避免亲密的交谈的原因是由于错误的预期。故答案为：It may be due t miscalculated expectatins./ Because f miscalculated expectatins. / Because peple have miscalculated expectatins.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“The nticeable difference between participants’ expectatins and their actual experience seemed rted in the assumptin that cnversatin partners wuldn’t care abut the details f their lives. ”（参与者的期望和他们的实际经历之间的显著差异似乎植根于这样一种假设，即交谈对象不会关心他们生活中的细节。）第四段第一句“Such an assumptin culd be a barrier t frming deeper cnnectins with thers, Epley believes. ”（Epley 认为，这样的假设可能会成为与他人建立更深层次联系的障碍。）可知，阻碍人们与他人建立更深层次联系在于参与者交谈之前的一种假设，即交谈对象不会关心他们生活中的细节。故答案为：It is the assumptins that cnversatin partners wuldn’t care abut the details f their lives.
【42题详解】
考查推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“A single reminder likely isn’t enugh t permanently change miscalculated assumptins, Epley warns. But making the effrt t engage in just a few psitive interactins culd help smene mentally reset. ”（Epley 警告说，仅仅一个提醒可能不足以永久改变错误的假设。但是，努力参与一些积极的互动可以帮助人们在精神上重置。）可知，仅仅一个提醒可能不足以永久改变错误的假设。所以给出句子中“A single reminder can permanently change ur assumptins”（一个简单的提醒就可以永久地改变我们的假设）与文意不符，故答案为：A single reminder can permanently change ur assumptins, but we still need t engage in psitive interactins t help us mentally reset. Accrding t the passage, a single reminder isn’t enugh t permanently change miscalculated assumptins, but we still need t engage in psitive interactins t help us mentally reset.
【43题详解】
开放题，言之有理即可。根据文章第二段中“In a series f studies published in the Jurnal f Persnality and Scial Psychlgy, participants either engaged in “shallw” cnversatins (speaking, fr example, abut their sleep schedule r hw ften they get haircuts) r “deep” discussins (cvering embarrassing mments r what they’re grateful fr). ”（在《个性与社会心理学杂志》上发表的一系列研究中，参与者要么进行“浅谈”的谈话(例如，谈论他们的睡眠时间表或者他们多久剪一次头发) ，要么进行“深入”的讨论(讨论尴尬的时刻或者他们感激的事情)。）第三段第一句“The nticeable difference between participants’ expectatins and their actual experience seemed rted in the assumptin that cnversatin partners wuldn’t care abut the details f their lives. ”（参与者的期望和他们的实际经历之间的显著差异似乎植根于这样一种假设，即交谈对象不会关心他们生活中的细节。）第四段第一句“Such an assumptin culd be a barrier t frming deeper cnnectins with thers, Epley believes. ”（Epley 认为，这样的假设可能会成为与他人建立更深层次联系的障碍。）可知，在交谈前，人们都会做一个假设，即交谈对象不会关心他们生活中的细节，这个假设的建立会阻碍我们进行深入的交谈。说明“浅谈”不会涉及一个人的生活细节等隐私问题，所以我更喜欢浅显易懂的谈话，因为我们需要遵守社交礼仪，这样才不会让别人觉得被冒犯了。此外，人们的性格不同，所以尊重他们的界限，避免他们可能视为隐私的信息是礼貌和体贴的。故答案为：I prefer t have a shallw cnversatin because there is scial etiquette that we need t bserve in rder nt t make thers feel ffended. Besides, peple differ in persnalities s it is plite and cnsiderate t respect their bundaries and avid infrmatin they might view as privacy. (48 wrds)
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校将与国际友好校联合举办主题为“我是美食家 (Gastrnme)”的英语线上交流活动，请你用英语写一份发言稿，内容包括：
1.介绍你学会的一道美食并简述做法；
2.谈谈学做这道美食的感受及活动的意义。
注意：1.词数 100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词语：美食—delicacy;
Hell, everyne!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank yu.
【答案】Hell, everyne.
I’m very delighted t share with yu a traditinal Chinese delicacy I’ve learned t make frm my parents, dumplings.
As ne f the mst icnic dishes in Chinese cuisine, dumplings are shaped like silver ingts, representing wealth. When making dumplings, yu need t wrap the fillings made f vegetables, meat r seafd with thin pieces f dugh. After they are made, yu need t put them int biling water t get them well cked.
Making dumplings requires teamwrk and patience. It is als rewarding t spend time wrking with family members. This nline sharing ffers me a chance t understand ur Chinese fd culture better.
Hpe yu can try it yurself and I’m expecting t appreciate delicacies frm yur culture.
That’s all. Thank yu. （120 wrds）
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生用英语写一份发言稿，介绍一道美食并简述做法，同时谈谈学做这道美食的感受及学校举办这次活动的意义。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：delighted → pleased
象征，代表：represent → stand fr
要求：require → demand
提供，给与：ffer → give
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：As ne f the mst icnic dishes in Chinese cuisine, dumplings are shaped like silver ingts, representing wealth.
转换句：As ne f the mst icnic dishes in Chinese cuisine, dumplings are shaped like silver ingts, which represent wealth.
【点睛】【高分句型1】When making dumplings, yu need t wrap the fillings made f vegetables, meat r seafd with thin pieces f dugh. (运用了状语从句的省略)
本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
We’ve all heard the saying “Laughter is the best medicine”. And there might be smething in this idim. Numerus studies have shwn that peple wh reprt greater ___1___ tend t have better medical utcmes.
Fr instance, a 2017 study at the University f Nttingham tested the effect f md n 138 retirees ___2___ the nrmal flu injectin. Thse wh felt happy n the day f the vaccinatin went n t ___3___ mre flu-fighting antibdies. Earlier wrk at Yale University and the University f Flrida has als shwn that peple’s md affects the activatin f genes that fight disease.
But des happiness lead t gd ___4___, r is it the ther way arund? After all, it culd be that peple wh have strng immune systems ___5___ have higher levels f ther md-imprving brain chemicals as well.
Here is a pssible evlutinary ___6___. Humans evlved as scial creatures that cperate in grups t ___7___ fd and prtect themselves frm wild animals. We were happier with a(n) ___8___ netwrk f friends and family because this imprved ur chances f survival. But clsely scializing grups are als breeding grunds fr respiratry (呼吸的) ___9___ such as flu and clds, s we wuld have needed t increase the activity f the genes that fight these diseases.
Fr thse wh were ___10___ frm sciety, hwever, infectius disease was less f a prblem, and genes that help recver frm physical injury may have been priritized instead f the nes that fight disease.
1. A. successB. cnfidenceC. happinessD. determinatin
2. A. avidingB. receivingC. missingD. rganizing
3. A. prduceB. repairC. detectD. absrb
4. A. healthB. mdC. relatinshipD. perfrmance
5. A. graduallyB. naturallyC. randmlyD. rarely
6. A. slutinB. predictinC. applicatinD. explanatin
7. A. cnsumeB. serveC. secureD. purchase
8. A. fixedB. enrmusC. cmplicatedD. clse
9. A. functinsB. infectinsC. activitiesD. systems
10. A. cut ffB. taken verC. picked utD. made up
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。“笑是最好的良药”。许多研究表明，幸福感更高的人往往有更好的医疗结果。文章对此进行了解释。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多研究表明，幸福感更高的人往往有更好的医疗结果。A. success成功；B. cnfidence信心；C. happiness快乐；幸福；D. determinatin决心。结合上文“Laughter is the best medicine”可知，此处指笑带给人们的更大的幸福往往会带来更好的医疗结果。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，2017年诺丁汉大学的一项研究测试了138名接受正常流感注射的退休人员的情绪效果。A. aviding避免；B. receiving接受；C. missing错过；D. rganizing组织。结合下文“the nrmal flu injectin”可知，此处指他们接受流感疫苗的注射。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些在接种疫苗当天感到高兴的人继续产生更多的抗流感抗体。A. prduce制造；生产；B. repair修理；C. detect发现；D. absrb吸收。根据空前“Thse wh felt happy n the day f the vaccinatin”及下文“mre flu-fighting antibdies”可知，对于当天接种疫苗的人而言，他们会产生更多的流感抗体。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是高兴真的能带来健康吗，还是恰恰相反呢？A. health健康；B. md情绪；C. relatinship关系；D. perfrmance表现。结合前文“ peple’s md affects the activatin f genes that fight disease.”可知，人们的情绪会影响对抗疾病的基因的激活，所以此处是在问高兴真的能带来健康吗。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，那些拥有强大免疫系统的人自然也会有更高水平的其他改善情绪的大脑化学物质。A. gradually逐渐地；B. naturally自然地；C. randmly随便地；任意地；D. rarely稀有地。根据下文“have higher levels f ther md-imprving brain chemicals as well”可知，拥有强大免疫系统的人自然也会有更高水平的其他改善情绪的大脑化学物质。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里有一个可能的进化解释。A. slutin解决方法；B. predictin预测；C. applicatin应用；D. explanatin解释。根据下文内容提示，可知此处是用人类的进化来作解释。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人类作为社会性生物进化而来，它们群体合作以获得食物并保护自己免受野生动物的伤害。A. cnsume消费；B. serve服务；C. secure（尤指通过努力）获得；取得；D. purchase购买。根据下文“prtect themselves frm wild animals”可知，此处指人类通过群体合作来获得食物。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们与朋友和家人的密切关系网更快乐，因为这提高了我们生存的机会。A. fixed固定的；B. enrmus巨大的；C. cmplicated复杂的；D. clse亲近的；亲密的。结合下文“netwrk f friends and family because this imprved ur chances f survival. But clsely scializing grups”可知，这里指和朋友及家人之间的亲密关系，提高了我们的生存机会。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，密切社交的群体也是流感和感冒等呼吸道感染的滋生地，因此我们需要增加抗击这些疾病的基因的活性。A. functins功能；B. infectins传染病；C. activities活动；D. systems系统。结合下文“such as flu and clds”可知，感冒和流感是传染病。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，对于那些与社会隔绝的人来说，传染病并不是什么大问题，帮助他们从身体伤害中恢复过来的基因可能会被优先考虑，而不是那些对抗疾病的基因。A. cut ff 切断；B. taken ver掌管；C. picked ut挑选出；D. made up编造。结合上文“clsely scializing grups are als breeding grunds fr respiratry (呼吸的) 9 such as flu and clds”及下文“infectius disease was less f a prblem”可知，密切社交的群体也是流感和感冒等呼吸道感染的滋生地，因而若要没有传染病得问题，就要切断和社会的联系。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
After earning a master’s degree in 2016, Huang Wenxiu returned t Baise, her hmetwn, instead f seeking a career in Beijing. “I cme frm ____11____ remte muntainus village. Quite a number f flks ____12____ (struggle) with pverty there, s all I wish is t d my part t imprve their lives,” she nce said. Huang vlunteered t jin the grassrts pverty alleviatin (扶贫) effrt. She invited experts t tell the villagers ____13____ they culd imprve prductin. She persuaded the villagers t expand the planting area and encuraged e-cmmerce sales. 418 peple frm 88 husehlds were lifted ut f pverty thanks t her effrts.
【答案】11 a 12. are struggling##have been struggling
13. hw
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了黄文绣（音译）回到自己的家乡百色，帮助家乡摆脱贫困的故事。
【11题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我来自一个偏远的山村。village“村庄”为可数名词，此处使用了单数，空后形容词remte的首个音素为辅音，所以此处用不定冠词a，表示泛指。故填a。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：在那里很多人与贫困作斗争，所以我希望的所有的就是尽自己的一份力量来改善他们的生活。空处在句中为谓语，本句话为直接引语，所以时态可以用现在进行时，也可以表示动作一直以来都在发生，且还将继续持续，所以用现在完成进行时。句子主语“a number f flks”为复数含义，所以助动词也用复数。故填are struggling/ have been struggling。
【13题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：她邀请专家告诉村民们如何提高产量。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容为动词tell的宾语从句，空处作从句中的方式状语，所以用连接副词hw，故填hw。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Gvernments at all levels have made cntinuus effrts t reduce the financial burden n huse renters, especially thse ____14____ are new cllege graduates. A reprt by the Meadin Academy says that cllege graduates ____15____ (survey) prefer t live in apartments near the cmpanies r railway statins t facilitate their cmmute (通勤). As t huse rents, mst cllege graduates still need ____16____ (assistant) frm their parents and nly abut 20 percent f them pay the rent themselves. ____17____ (help) lwer the financial burdens f yung peple, many gvernments and cmpanies have given their supprt in huse rentals.
【答案】14. wh
15. surveyed
16. assistance
17. T help
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了各级政府不断努力减轻租房者的经济负担，特别是刚毕业的大学生。
【14题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：各级政府不断努力减轻租房者的经济负担，特别是刚毕业的大学生。分析可知，空处及之后的内容为定语从句，先行词为thse，指人，在从句中作主语，所以此处用关系代词wh，故填wh。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Meadin Academy的一份报告称，接受调查的大学毕业生更喜欢住在公司或火车站附近的公寓里，以方便他们上下班。分析句子可知，空处在that引导的宾语从句中作定语，修饰主语cllege graduates，从句的谓语prefer，动词survey和句子主语为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词surveyed，故填surveyed。
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：至于房租，大多数大学毕业生仍然需要父母的帮助，只有20% 左右的大学毕业生自己付房租。空处在句中作动词need的宾语，所以用名词assistance，为不可数名词，故填assistance。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：为了帮助减轻年轻人的经济负担，许多政府和公司在房屋租赁方面给予了支持。分析句子可知，逗号前的所有内容在句中为目的状语，表示“政府和公司在房屋租赁方面给予支持”的目的，所有用不定式。因处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填T help。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
With the ppularity f cycling, many cities have cmbined their turism characteristics t launch themed rutes. Frm indr exhibitins ____18____ utdr cncerts and night cycling alng the Suth Central Axis (轴), a series f activities ____19____ (intrduce) next mnth s that urban residents can enjy themselves. An fficial f the China Turism Academy said, “As mass turism grws in ppularity, nly high-quality utdr turism prducts can attract visitrs and the integratin f micr-vacatin prducts with utdr sprts prducts ____20____ (have) a brad space fr develpment.”
【答案】18. t 19. will be intrduced
20. has ## will have
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着自行车运动的普及，许多城市结合自己的旅游特色开辟了主题路线。文章讲述了下个月即将要举行一系列活动，让市民可以尽情享受。
【18题详解】
考查介词。句意：从室内展览到户外音乐会，以及沿中南轴的夜间自行车活动，下个月将推出一系列活动，让市民可以尽情享受。固定结构：“从……到……”，结合句意，此处指从室内展览到户外音乐会，以及沿中南轴的夜间自行车活动，表示活动种类多。故填t。
【19题详解】
考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：同上。空处在句中为谓语，结合空后“next mnth”可知，时态为一般将来时；句子主语“a series f activities”和动词“intrduce”为动宾关系，所以此处用被动语态。故填will be intrduced。
【20题详解】
考查时态。句意：“随着大众旅游的普及，只有高质量的户外旅游产品才能吸引游客，且将微型度假产品与户外运动产品相结合，（将会）具有广阔的发展空间。”分析句子可知，空处为and后的并列句中的谓语，结合句意，这里可以表示一般性事实，用一般现在时，也可以表示将来的情况，用一般将来时，主语是单数，所以空处可以用has/will have，故填has/will have。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Best Gifts fr Every Type f Mm
D yu want t reward Mm with New Year gifts? Millins f prducts are ffered nline, but dn’t get scared away. We have dne the wrk fr yu by selecting best gift ideas fr every type f mm. Just click “Add t cart” t shwer Mm with lve.
Dainty Earrings-Best fr the Jewelry Lver
Made frm sterling silver, the earrings are lightweight and perfect fr everyday wear. They’re als ideal fr anyne with sensitive ears. Amng the 8,000 plus five-star reviewers, April Farmer cnfirm: this, saying, “Just abut every material irritates (刺激) my ears, but I have had these in fr three mnths nw-and n irritatin, n clr changing, r fading f silver. I can’t even tell they are in!”
KS Lunch Bag-Best fr the Wrking Mm
This in-disguise cler bag will put a smile n mm’s face during lunch hur. With thusands f five-star reviewers, the fashinable and functinal KS bag has an insulated lining (隔热的内衬) that helps keep fd and beverages fresh, and an inside pcket that hlds utensils. Plus, the sft, lightweight design makes it easy t bring anywhere.
Breville Express-Best fr the Cffee Lver
Talk abut a mrning bst! If Mm is a true cffee lver, she’s dreamed f wning a high-end espress machine. Nw yu can make that dream a reality. The Breville Express, which has mre than 14,000 five-star reviews, cmes in either black r stainless steel surfaces and ffers the same dse-cntrlled grinding (研磨) that’s nrmally reserved fr fancy cffee shps.
Beckham Pillws--Best fr the One Wh Needs a Gd Night’s Sleep
She deserves a peaceful night’s rest after all the hard wrk she des every day, and she’ll get just that with these Beckham pillws. The set f tw affrdable cling gel pillws is ideal fr back, stmach and side sleepers. It ffers much-needed temperature regulatin that will keep her mre cmfrtable than ever. It’s a best seller with mre than 126,000 five-star reviews, s it’s pretty much a hit.
21. April Farmer’s review indicates that the Dainty Earrings are .
A. durable and fancyB. simple and unique
C. stylish and valuableD. light and skin-friendly
22. Frm the passage, we can knw that .
A. Dainty Earrings are best fr frmal ccasins
B. KS Lunch Bag is silver, prtable and insulated
C. Breville Express features fine and quick grinding
D. Beckham Pillws suit different sleeping psitins
23. Wh is the passage intended fr?
A. Agencies selling prducts t mms.
B. Peple seeking gifts fr their mms.
C. Mms planning t reward themselves.
D. Salesmen studying mms’ preferences.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了给不同类型的妈妈选择最佳礼物的一些小贴士。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“n irritatin, n clr changing, r fading f silver. I can’t even tell they are in!”（没有刺激，没有变色，没有银色的褪色。我都不知道我戴着耳环！）可知，耳环比较轻，而且也对皮肤没有刺激。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Made frm sterling silver, the earrings are lightweight and perfect fr everyday wear. ”（这款耳环由纯银制成，重量轻，非常适合日常佩戴。）可知，这款耳环适合日常佩戴。选项A错误；第三段中“the fashinable and functinal KS bag has an insulated lining (隔热的内衬) that helps keep fd and beverages fresh, and an inside pcket that hlds utensils. Plus, the sft, lightweight design makes it easy t bring anywhere.”（时尚和功能性的 KS 袋有一个绝缘衬里，有助于保持食品和饮料的新鲜，和一个内口袋，容纳器具。此外，软，轻便的设计使它很容易带到任何地方。）可知，KS 袋有一个绝缘衬里，轻便的设计使得它易于携带，但并没有说它是银质的。选项B错误；根据倒数第二段中“The Breville Express, which has mre than 14,000 five-star reviews, cmes in either black r stainless steel surfaces and ffers the same dse-cntrlled grinding (研磨) that’s nrmally reserved fr fancy cffee shps.”（Breville Express 有超过14,000条五星级评论，它有黑色或不锈钢表面，并提供通常只有高档咖啡店才有的剂量控制研磨服务。）可知，The Breville Express可以提供剂量控制研磨服务，没有提及它可以快速研磨，选项C错误；根据最后一段中“ideal fr back, stmach and side sleepers.”（对平睡，趴着睡和侧面睡的人而言是合适的。）可知，Beckham Pillws适合不同睡姿的人士。与文意一致，故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Best Gifts fr Every Type f Mm”（最适合各种类型妈妈的礼物）可知，文章主要是面向给妈妈选礼物的顾客。故选B。
B
It’s the green wall f her schl swimming pl that Jill Craven remembers best, as she felt her teacher’s hand n her head, guiding her underwater. “Yu knw hw time slws? Ging under. Watching ...” she says.
This was in Palmerstn Nrth, when she was five. While her three lder siblings culd swim half a mile r mre, she wuld d anything t avid swimming lessns. In her 20s, she mved t Lndn t pursue a career in jurnalism. She insisted she had never feared fr her career, but she still had this lifelng fear f being underwater.
Hwever, when she retired, Craven was diagnsed with breast cancer, and was advised t swim as part f her recvery. Still finding the fear undefeatable, she tk up water jgging instead-like treading water (踩水), but mving-with a flatatin aid arund her middle. She culd get her feet f the bttm f the pl fr a quick dggy paddle, but anything mre was beynd her.
One day at the pl, she saw a grup f children having a lessn. It was an indr pl, nice and warm, and the children were five r six. “I just thught, it’s time t d this,” she says. “Wh knws what I lked like. An egg beater,” she cntinues. “I did five strkes, r six. I was s prud f myself”. Then a lifeguard encuraged her t cntinue and tld her hw t breathe. A friend gave her gggles. Her niece Justine walked beside the pl clapping, and Craven felt as if she had wn a gld medal. Justine bught Craven lessns fr her 69th birthday. Befre lng, Craven had swum a length with her face in the water.
When her instructr tld her t sit n the bttm f the pl, Craven felt like ging back t being a five-year-ld. She hung n t the stairs as she went dwn. But she did it! She stayed there fr a few secnds!
Nw Craven swims twice a week: five lengths, smetimes 10, with a rest after each. “I just think yu need t d things if yu can. If yu can, yu must.” she says.
24. Why did Craven chse water jgging instead f swimming?
A. She hated lsing face.
B. She liked treading water.
C. She was afraid t swim.
D. She was fnd f flating.
25. What inspired Craven t try swimming again?
A. The sight f kids learning swimming.
B. The supprt f her niece Justine.
C. The encuragement frm a lifeguard.
D. The dctr’s advice n her recvery.
26. What is the passage trying t tell us?
A. Once bitten, twice shy.
B. Yu can never teach an ld dg new tricks.
C. Practice makes perfect.
D. Nthing is impssible fr a willing heart.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Craven从最初害怕游泳到退休后的一天看到一群小孩学游泳，最终激励了她去游泳的故事。这个故事证明了世上无难事，只怕有心人的道理。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“She insisted she had never feared fr her career, but she still had this lifelng fear f being underwater.”（她坚称自己从未担心过自己的职业生涯，但她一生都害怕被水淹没。）第三段中“Craven was diagnsed with breast cancer, and was advised t swim as part f her recvery. Still finding the fear undefeatable, she tk up water jgging instead”（Craven被诊断出患有乳腺癌，作为康复的一部分，医生建议她去游泳。她仍然觉得恐惧是无法战胜的，于是开始了水上慢跑。）可知，Craven选择水上慢跑而不是游泳是因为她害怕被水淹没，即她害怕游泳。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“One day at the pl, she saw a grup f children having a lessn. It was an indr pl, nice and warm, and the children were five r six. “I just thught, it’s time t d this,” she says. ”（一天在游泳池，她看见一群孩子在上课。那是一个室内游泳池，温暖舒适，孩子们只有五六岁。“我只是想，是时候这么做了,”她说。）可知，是因为有一天她看到了一群小孩在上游泳课，激励了她去游泳。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Craven从最初害怕游泳到退休后的一天看到一群小孩学游泳，最终激励了她去游泳的故事。所以这个故事证明了世上无难事，只怕有心人的道理。选项A.“一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。”；选项B.“朽木不可雕也”；选项C.“熟能生巧”，故选D。
C
A new study has fund human feelings can accurately be expressed numerically and have mre predictive pwer fr hw we behave than frmal studies f sciecnmic factrs like husehld incme and emplyment status.
The study c-authr Andrew Oswald, a prfessr f ecnmics and behaviral science gathered infrmatin frm nearly 700,000 peple, wh were asked annually ver a three-decade perid hw they felt n a numerical scale abut their jb, spuse, health and hme. Using the data cllected, researchers cnstructed statistical mdels t shw hw peple felt and the actins they tk as a result f their reprted feelings. The study fund that ratings f life satisfactin had a direct linear (线性的) relatinship t actins peple subsequently take. Participants wh rated their jb satisfactin as a 2 ut f 7 had a 25% prbability f quitting their jb. Thse wh rated a 6 ut f 7 had nly a 10 percent prbability f quitting. The same was true acrss ther measures like marriage, health and husing.
Previus research has als shwn data abut feelings predict human utcmes, but nt in such a linear fashin; the degree f satisfactin served as a gd predictr f future actins. Additinally, ecnmists have previusly been critical f feelings data because they cnsidered them unscientific and unreliable. But this study shws sciecnmic factrs have a lesser prbability f predicting human behavir than data n feelings.
Thugh the study shws numbers can quantify feelings, researchers are still a bit cnfused as t why estimates f seemingly subjective feelings can be such gd predictrs f future actins. Accrding t Oswald, a number f factrs culd be at play. Humans are very experienced in cmparative thinking and are able t scale their wn life satisfactin against that f their neighbrs. We’re als accustmed t using measuring devices fr ther aspects f life like temperature, distance and weight, s it shuldn’t be t surprising that we’re able t measure ur feelings in a similarly accurate way. Anther study c-authr Caspar Kaiser says that it may als be because we cmmunicate ur feelings and d it in a scaled fashin every day. This culd be why it cmes ut in the data mre accurately than in bjective markers.
Ori Heffetz, an ecnmics prfessr wh was nt invlved in the study, says that this research shws feelings data shuldn’t be underestimated even if they’re mre difficult t study. “Scientists wh ignre this d s at their wn risk,” he says.
Lking ahead, Kaiser hpes this same data can be studied in lwer-incme cuntries s that it can be applied universally t places with varied levels f ecnmic develpment. But mre than anything else he’s interested in studying why feelings wrk s well.
27. Paragraph 2 is mainly abut .
A. research prcess and findings
B. research tpic and significance
C. research subjects and purpse
D. research data cllectin and analysis
28. What can we knw abut the study?
A. It als applies t peple frm lwer-incme cuntries.
B. It challenges the pinin that feelings data are unreliable.
C. It explains why ratings f feelings can fresee future actins.
D It first shws data abut feelings can predict human behavir
29. What is Ori’s attitude twards the study?
A. Neutral.B. Skeptical.C. Supprtive.D. Cautius.
30. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A Hw Yu Rate Yur Life Predicts Yur Future Behavir
B. Feelings Frecast Actins Better than Ecnmic Factrs
C. Why Yur Feelings Affect Yur Future Actins
D. Ranking Every Aspect f Yur Life Cunts
【答案】27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，与对家庭收入和就业状况等社会经济因素的正式研究相比，人类的情感可以准确地用数字表达出来，对我们的行为具有更大的预测力。文章讲述了该项研究的过程及结论的得出。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The study c-authr Andrew Oswald, a prfessr f ecnmics and behaviral science gathered infrmatin frm nearly 700,000 peple, wh were asked annually ver a three-decade perid hw they felt n a numerical scale abut their jb, spuse, health and hme. Using the data cllected, researchers cnstructed statistical mdels t shw hw peple felt and the actins they tk as a result f their reprted feelings. The study fund that ratings f life satisfactin had a direct linear (线性的) relatinship t actins peple subsequently take. Participants wh rated their jb satisfactin as a 2 ut f 7 had a 25% prbability f quitting their jb. Thse wh rated a 6 ut f 7 had nly a 10 percent prbability f quitting. The same was true acrss ther measures like marriage, health and husing.”（这项研究的合著者，经济学和行为科学教授安德鲁 · 奥斯瓦尔德(Andrew Oswald)收集了近70万人的信息。在过去的30年里，他们每年都会被问及对自己的工作、配偶、健康和家庭的感受。利用收集到的数据，研究人员构建了统计模型，以显示人们的感受以及他们因报告的感受而采取的行动。研究发现，生活满意度的等级与人们随后采取的行动有直接的线性关系。参与者将他们的工作满意度评为7分中的2分，他们辞职的可能性为25% 。那些得到6分(满分7分)的人只有10% 的可能性会放弃。在婚姻、健康和住房等其他指标上也是如此。）可知，本段主要讲述了实施研究的过程和研究结果。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Previus research has als shwn data abut feelings predict human utcmes, but nt in such a linear fashin; the degree f satisfactin served as a gd predictr f future actins. Additinally, ecnmists have previusly been critical f feelings data because they cnsidered them unscientific and unreliable. But this study shws sciecnmic factrs have a lesser prbability f predicting human behavir than data n feelings.”（先前的研究也表明，关于情感的数据可以预测人类的结果，但不是以这样的线性方式；满意度可以很好地预测未来的行动。此外，经济学家此前一直对情感数据持批评态度，因为他们认为这些数据不科学、不可靠。但是，这项研究表明，社会经济因素预测人类行为的可能性低于情感数据。）可知，之前的研究结果表明情感的数据可以预测人类的行为。但是，这项研究表明，社会经济因素预测人类行为的可能性低于情感数据。所以这个研究的结果证实了之前的研究的的结论不可靠。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ori Heffetz, an ecnmics prfessr wh was nt invlved in the study, says that this research shws feelings data shuldn’t be underestimated even if they’re mre difficult t study. “Scientists wh ignre this d s at their wn risk,” he says.”（没有参与这项研究的经济学教授 Ori Heffetz 说，这项研究表明，即使感觉数据更难研究，也不应该被低估。他说: “忽视这一点的科学家要承担自己的风险。”）可推知，经济学教授 Ori Heffetz认为， 即使感觉数据更难研究，也不应该被低估。所以对于这次研究他是赞同的。故选C。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A new study has fund human feelings can accurately be expressed numerically and have mre predictive pwer fr hw we behave than frmal studies f sciecnmic factrs like husehld incme and emplyment status.”（一项新的研究发现，与对家庭收入和就业状况等社会经济因素的正式研究相比，人类的情感可以准确地用数字表达出来，对我们的行为具有更大的预测力。）可知，文章介绍了一项新的研究成果：人类的情感可以准确地用数字表达出来，这对我们的行为具有更大的预测力。同时结合下文讲述研究的过程及结论的得出，本文主要讲述了一项新的研究成果：你对自己的评价会影响你未来的行为。故选A。
D
Peple wh think f themselves as tugh-minded and realistic tend t take it fr granted that human nature is selfish and that life is a struggle in which nly the fittest may survive. Accrding t this philsphy, the basic law by which peple must live, is the law f the jungle. The “fittest” are thse wh can bring t the struggle superir frce, superir cunning and superir ruthlessness.
But we are entitled t ask whether the ruthlessness f the tiger, the cunning f the fx and the bedience t the law f the jungle are, in their human applicatins, actually evidence f human fitness t survive. If human beings are t pick up pinters n behavir frm the lwer animals, are there nt animals ther than beasts f prey frm which we might learn lessns in survival?
We might, fr example, lk t the rabbit r the deer and define fitness t survive as superir speed in running away frm ur enemies. We might pint t the earthwrm r the mle and attribute their fitness t survive t the ability t keep ut f sight and ut f the way. If we simply lk t animals in rder t define what we mean by “fitness t survive”, there is n limit t the subhuman systems f behavir that we can think up. We may emulate any animal because they have all bviusly survived in ne way r anther. We are still entitled t ask, hwever, if human survival des nt revlve arund a different kind f fitness frm that f the lwer animals.
Bilgists distinguish between tw kinds f struggle fr survival. First, there is the interspecific struggle, warfare between different species f animals. Secnd, there is the intraspecific struggle, warfare amng members f a single species. A great deal f evidence in mdern bilgy indicates that thse species that have develped elabrate means f intraspecific cmpetitin ften make themselves unfit fr interspecific cmpetitin, and that strength and fierceness in fighting and killing ther animals, whether in interspecific r intraspecific cmpetitin, have never been enugh in themselves t guarantee the survival f a species.
If we are ging t talk abut human survival, ne f the first things t d, even if we grant that peple must fight t live, is t distinguish between thse qualities that are useful in fighting the envirnment and ther species and thse qualities that are useful in fighting ther peple. There are als characteristics imprtant t human survival that d nt invlve fighting.
Cperatin is essential t the survival f mst living creatures. And human beings are the talking animals. Any thery f human survival that leaves this fact ut f accunt is n mre scientific than wuld be a thery f beaver survival that failed t cnsider the interesting uses a beaver makes f its teeth and flat tail. Let us see what talking means.
beaver
31. Accrding t the passage, the “Survival f the Fittest” thery .
A. shws that the tugh-minded and realistic survive
B is ften used as an excuse fr ne’s being selfish
C. applies better in human sciety than in the wild
D. is universally acknwledged amng scientists
32. What des the underlined wrd “emulate” in Paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A. CpyB. Prtect.C. Trap.D. Admire.
33. Accrding t the passage, the authr is mst likely t agree that .
A. humans have n superir frce ver ther species
B humans have survived because they are the fittest
C. humans dn’t have t learn frm animals t survive
D. humans need t fight each ther fr their wn survival
34. What is mst likely t be talked abut next?
A. Ways t make humans mre cmpetitive.
B. Human’s cperatin via cmmunicatin
C. Differences between beavers and humans.
D. The develpment f human survival skills.
【答案】31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了”适者生存“理论在人类社会中与动物之间的区别。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Peple wh think f themselves as tugh-minded and realistic tend t take it fr granted that human nature is selfish and that life is a struggle in which nly the fittest may survive. Accrding t this philsphy, the basic law by which peple must live, is the law f the jungle. The “fittest” are thse wh can bring t the struggle superir frce, superir cunning and superir ruthlessness.”（那些认为自己意志坚强、现实的人往往理所当然地认为，人性是自私的，生活是一场只有适者才能生存的斗争。根据这种哲学，人们必须遵循的基本法则是丛林法则。“适者”是那些能够在斗争中带来优越的力量、优越的狡猾和优越的残忍的人。）可知，对于信奉“适者生存”理论的人而言，他们往往认为人性是自私的，生活是一场只有适者才能生存的斗争。可推知，这些人会把这个理论作为自己自私的借口。故选B。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段的“If we simply lk t animals in rder t define what we mean by “fitness t survive”, there is n limit t the subhuman systems f behavir that we can think up. ”（如果我们只是看动物来定义我们所说的“适者生存”，那么我们可以想出的非人类的行为系统是没有限制的。）可知，我们不应只是看动物来定义“适者生存”。划线词后内容“because they have all bviusly survived in ne way r anther. ”（因为它们显然都以这样或那样的方式幸存了下来。）可知，动物们以自己的方式生存下来证实了适者生存的道理，所以我们应该不仅只是看动物来定义“适者生存”，而且要模仿它们，让自己生存下来。由此可知，划线词所在句指“我们会模仿动物来让自己生存下来”，所以划线词的含义为“模仿”，故选A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“We are still entitled t ask, hwever, if human survival des nt revlve arund a different kind f fitness frm that f the lwer animals.”（然而，我们仍然有权问，人类的生存是否围绕着一种不同于低等动物的适应性。）和倒数第二段“If we are ging t talk abut human survival, ne f the first things t d, even if we grant that peple must fight t live, is t distinguish between thse qualities that are useful in fighting the envirnment and ther species and thse qualities that are useful in fighting ther peple. There are als characteristics imprtant t human survival that d nt invlve fighting.”（如果我们要谈论人类的生存，首先要做的事情之一，即使我们承认人类必须为生存而战，就是区分那些有助于对抗环境和其他物种的品质，和那些有助于对抗其他人的品质。还有一些对人类生存非常重要的特征不涉及战斗。）和最后一段前两句“Cperatin is essential t the survival f mst living creatures. And human beings are the talking animals. ”（合作对于大多数生物的生存是必不可少的，而人类是会说话的动物。）可知，作者认为，人类的生存不同于其他物种之间的生存的适应性，因为人类能区分那些有助于对抗环境和其他物种的品质，和那些有助于对抗其他人的品质。还有一些对人类生存非常重要的特征并不涉及战斗，此外人类是会说话的动物。即人类不必向动物学习才能生存，故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Cperatin is essential t the survival f mst living creatures. And human beings are the talking animals. Any thery f human survival that leaves this fact ut f accunt is n mre scientific than wuld be a thery f beaver survival that failed t cnsider the interesting uses a beaver makes f its teeth and flat tail. Let us see what talking means.”（合作对大多数生物的生存至关重要。人类是会说话的动物。任何不考虑这一事实的人类生存理论都不会比海狸生存理论更科学，因为后者没有考虑到海狸利用牙齿和扁尾巴的有趣用途。让我们看看说话是什么意思。）可知，本段结尾提到了人类会通过沟通获得合作，因此接下来可能谈论的是人们如何通过沟通来实现合作。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Science f Recreatinal Fear
Frm peek-a-b t Hallween haunted huses, research shws that recreatinal fear can teach us t face scary situatins. The “paradx f hrrr” is that being scared, under the right circumstances, can be fun. ____35____
Having fun with fear is an “extremely imprtant tl fr learning,” said Mathias Clasen, directr f the Recreatinal Fear Lab at Aarhus University in Denmark. “We learn smething abut the dangers f the wrld. We learn smething abut ur wn respnses: What des it feel like t be afraid? Hw much fear can I take?”
Hrrr mvies have gtten mre ppular. And in ne survey f mre than 1,000 Americans, cnducted by Clasen, 55% described themselves as hrrr fans. ____36____ Many peple wh wuld nt cnsider themselves fans f fear enjy true-crime pdcasts and nvels featuring vilence and murder. Others may enjy nature dcumentaries abut tp predatrs (捕食性动物) such as sharks and bears.
Even babies like being a little spked (惊的). Peek-a-b is “an infant jump scare,” Clasen said. ____37____ “I dn’t think I’ve yet cme acrss a persn wh did nt enjy sme kind f recreatinal fear,” he said.
____38____ It is a cmbinatin f an adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush and an pprtunity t learn abut dealing with scary situatins in a safe envirnment, researchers say. When we are afraid, ur endcrine system releases adrenaline, nradrenaline and crtisl t help prepare ur bdy fr physical actin. We knw the “Hallween” mvie Michael Myers is nt real, but ur brain still respnds as if he were a burning threat. One brain imaging study fund that watching hrrr mvies activates threat-respnse brain regins such as the amygdala (扁桃腺), prefrntal crtex and insula as if the danger were real.
After this rush, many peple experience an uplifted md. One study examined hw 262 adults felt befre and after they entered an extreme haunted huse. ____39____ Brain recrdings befre and after shwed that thse whse md imprved had a smaller neural respnse t subsequent stressrs, which is assciated with the pst-haunt high.
A. S why d we like it?
B. Fifty percent f peple said they felt better after the visit.
C. And recreatinal fear, as it is rightly named, culd benefit us, t.
D. Playing with fear helps us learn what ur bdy des under pressure.
E. Hrrr, thugh, is nt the nly genre f what peple find scary fun, he said.
F. We define recreatinal fear bradly as a mixed emtinal experience f fear and enjyment.
G. Classic childhd games f tag and hide-and-seek are just like the real scenes f predatr vs. prey.
【答案】35. C 36. E 37. G 38. A 39. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章谈论了娱乐恐惧的科学。
【35题详解】
根据上文“research shws that recreatinal fear can teach us t face scary situatins. The “paradx f hrrr” is that being scared, under the right circumstances, can be fun. ”（研究表明娱乐恐惧可以教会我们面对可怕的情况。“恐怖悖论”是，在适当的情况下，害怕可能是件有趣的事）提出“恐怖悖论”在适当的情况下，害怕可能是件有趣的事。因而空处应承接前文，讲述娱乐恐惧也是有好处的。选项C. “And recreatinal fear, as it is rightly named, culd benefit us, t”（而娱乐性的恐惧，正如它的名字一样，也可以使我们受益）切题。故选C。
【36题详解】
根据上文“And in ne survey f mre than 1,000 Americans, cnducted by Clasen, 55% described themselves as hrrr fans. ”（在克拉森对1000多名美国人进行的一项调查中，55% 的人称自己是恐怖片迷。）讲述了克拉森的一项调查的结果，下文“Many peple wh wuld nt cnsider themselves fans f fear enjy true-crime pdcasts and nvels featuring vilence and murder. Others may enjy nature dcumentaries abut tp predatrs (捕食性动物) such as sharks and bears.”（许多不认为自己是恐惧迷的人喜欢真实犯罪的播客和以暴力和谋杀为主题的小说。其他人可能喜欢关于顶级掠食者如鲨鱼和熊的自然纪录片）提到了其他人的喜欢类型，所以空处应承接上文，讲述结果发现，喜欢恐怖并不是唯一的一种类型。选项E.“Hrrr, thugh, is nt the nly genre f what peple find scary fun, he said.”（然而，他说，恐怖并不是人们觉得恐怖有趣的唯一类型）切题。故选E。
【37题详解】
上文“Even babies like being a little spked (惊的). Peek-a-b is “an infant jump scare,” Clasen said. ”（即使是婴儿也喜欢被吓到，躲猫猫是“一种婴儿的跳跃恐惧”，Clasen 说）下文““I dn’t think I’ve yet cme acrss a persn wh did nt enjy sme kind f recreatinal fear,” he said.”（“我想我还没有遇到过一个人不喜欢某种娱乐性的恐惧,”他说）所以空处应其承上启下的作用，讲述“捉迷藏”游戏也有着恐惧的因素。选项G.“Classic childhd games f tag and hide-and-seek are just like the real scenes f predatr vs. prey.”（经典的儿童捉迷藏游戏就像捕食者与猎物的真实场景。）切题。故选G。
【38题详解】
结合前一段的末句““I dn’t think I’ve yet cme acrss a persn wh did nt enjy sme kind f recreatinal fear,” he said.”（“我想我还没有遇到过一个人不喜欢某种娱乐性的恐惧,”他说）说明人们都喜欢娱乐性的恐惧。下文“It is a cmbinatin f an adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush and an pprtunity t learn abut dealing with scary situatins in a safe envirnment, researchers say.”（研究人员说，这是肾上腺素激增和学习如何在安全环境中处理可怕情况的机会的结合）解释了人们喜欢娱乐性恐惧的原因。因而空处应承接前文，讲述为什么人们会喜欢的问题。选项A.“S why d we like it?”（那我们为什么喜欢它？）切题。故选A。
【39题详解】
根据上文“One study examined hw 262 adults felt befre and after they entered an extreme haunted huse. ”（一项研究调查了262名成年人在进入一个极度闹鬼的房子前后的感受）空处应承接前文，讲述调查的结果。选项B.“Fifty percent f peple said they felt better after the visit.”（百分之五十的人说他们在参观后感觉好多了）切题。故选B。
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Engaging in meaningful cnversatins with thers strengthens scial bnds and bsts well—being far mre than small talk des. Yet many peple fear r even actively avid intimate (亲密的) cnversatins, especially with thse they dn’t knw well. Why are we s unwilling t engage in an activity that culd benefit us s acutely? Accrding t new research, it may be due t miscalculated expectatins, and changing them culd fster deeper cnnectins.
In a series f studies published in the Jurnal f Persnality and Scial Psychlgy, participants either engaged in “shallw” cnversatins (speaking, fr example, abut their sleep schedule r hw ften they get haircuts) r “deep” discussins (cvering embarrassing mments r what they’re grateful fr). Befre chatting, they predicted hw awkward and uncmfrtable the cnversatin wuld be, hw clse they wuld feel t their cnversatin partner afterward, and hw much they wuld enjy the interactin. Participants wh cnsistently verestimated the awkwardness f the cnversatins als greatly underestimated hw much they’d enjy the mre intimate cnversatins, as well as hw clse they’d feel t their partner.
The nticeable difference between participants’ expectatins and their actual experience seemed rted in the assumptin that cnversatin partners wuldn’t care abut the details f their lives. “We underestimate, essentially, hw scial thers are,” explains study authr Nichlas Epley, a psychlgist at the University f Chicag.
Such an assumptin culd be a barrier t frming deeper cnnectins with thers, Epley believes. Yet participants appeared able t curse-crrect. When they were tld ahead f time that it’s cmmn t underestimate hw much strangers care abut each ther, they vluntarily steered the talks int deeper directins, ptentially reaping the benefits f ding s.
A single reminder likely isn’t enugh t permanently change miscalculated assumptins, Epley warns. But making the effrt t engage in just a few psitive interactins culd help smene mentally reset. “After having a meaningful cnversatin, peple usually want t have anther ne,” he says. “But yu can learn nly frm experiences that yu have,” he adds. “If yu think it will be unpleasant t talk t smene and therefre never try, yu’ll never find ut that yu were wrng.”
40. Why are peple unwilling t get invlved in intimate cnversatins?
________________________________________________
41. What culd stp peple frming deeper cnnectins with thers?
________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
A single reminder can permanently change ur assumptins, but we still need t engage in psitive interactins t help us mentally reset.
________________________________________________
43. D yu prefer t have a “shallw” cnversatin r a “deep” discussin with strangers? And give yur reasns. (In abut 40 wrds)
________________________________________________
【答案】40. It may be due t miscalculated expectatins./ Because f miscalculated expectatins. / Because peple have miscalculated expectatins.
41. It is the assumptins that cnversatin partners wuldn’t care abut the details f their lives.
42. A single reminder can permanently change ur assumptins, but we still need t engage in psitive interactins t help us mentally reset.
Accrding t the passage, a single reminder isn’t enugh t permanently change miscalculated assumptins, but we still need t engage in psitive interactins t help us mentally reset.
43. I prefer t have a shallw cnversatin because there is scial etiquette that we need t bserve in rder nt t make thers feel ffended. Besides, peple differ in persnalities s it is plite and cnsiderate t respect their bundaries and avid infrmatin they might view as privacy. (48 wrds)
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了生活中人们更易于“浅谈”而不是“深入交谈”的原因。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“Accrding t new research, it may be due t miscalculated expectatins, and changing them culd fster deeper cnnectins.”（根据新的研究，这可能是由于错误的预期，改变他们可以培养更深的联系。）可知，人们害怕或避免亲密的交谈的原因是由于错误的预期。故答案为：It may be due t miscalculated expectatins./ Because f miscalculated expectatins. / Because peple have miscalculated expectatins.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“The nticeable difference between participants’ expectatins and their actual experience seemed rted in the assumptin that cnversatin partners wuldn’t care abut the details f their lives. ”（参与者的期望和他们的实际经历之间的显著差异似乎植根于这样一种假设，即交谈对象不会关心他们生活中的细节。）第四段第一句“Such an assumptin culd be a barrier t frming deeper cnnectins with thers, Epley believes. ”（Epley 认为，这样的假设可能会成为与他人建立更深层次联系的障碍。）可知，阻碍人们与他人建立更深层次联系在于参与者交谈之前的一种假设，即交谈对象不会关心他们生活中的细节。故答案为：It is the assumptins that cnversatin partners wuldn’t care abut the details f their lives.
【42题详解】
考查推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“A single reminder likely isn’t enugh t permanently change miscalculated assumptins, Epley warns. But making the effrt t engage in just a few psitive interactins culd help smene mentally reset. ”（Epley 警告说，仅仅一个提醒可能不足以永久改变错误的假设。但是，努力参与一些积极的互动可以帮助人们在精神上重置。）可知，仅仅一个提醒可能不足以永久改变错误的假设。所以给出句子中“A single reminder can permanently change ur assumptins”（一个简单的提醒就可以永久地改变我们的假设）与文意不符，故答案为：A single reminder can permanently change ur assumptins, but we still need t engage in psitive interactins t help us mentally reset. Accrding t the passage, a single reminder isn’t enugh t permanently change miscalculated assumptins, but we still need t engage in psitive interactins t help us mentally reset.
【43题详解】
开放题，言之有理即可。根据文章第二段中“In a series f studies published in the Jurnal f Persnality and Scial Psychlgy, participants either engaged in “shallw” cnversatins (speaking, fr example, abut their sleep schedule r hw ften they get haircuts) r “deep” discussins (cvering embarrassing mments r what they’re grateful fr). ”（在《个性与社会心理学杂志》上发表的一系列研究中，参与者要么进行“浅谈”的谈话(例如，谈论他们的睡眠时间表或者他们多久剪一次头发) ，要么进行“深入”的讨论(讨论尴尬的时刻或者他们感激的事情)。）第三段第一句“The nticeable difference between participants’ expectatins and their actual experience seemed rted in the assumptin that cnversatin partners wuldn’t care abut the details f their lives. ”（参与者的期望和他们的实际经历之间的显著差异似乎植根于这样一种假设，即交谈对象不会关心他们生活中的细节。）第四段第一句“Such an assumptin culd be a barrier t frming deeper cnnectins with thers, Epley believes. ”（Epley 认为，这样的假设可能会成为与他人建立更深层次联系的障碍。）可知，在交谈前，人们都会做一个假设，即交谈对象不会关心他们生活中的细节，这个假设的建立会阻碍我们进行深入的交谈。说明“浅谈”不会涉及一个人的生活细节等隐私问题，所以我更喜欢浅显易懂的谈话，因为我们需要遵守社交礼仪，这样才不会让别人觉得被冒犯了。此外，人们的性格不同，所以尊重他们的界限，避免他们可能视为隐私的信息是礼貌和体贴的。故答案为：I prefer t have a shallw cnversatin because there is scial etiquette that we need t bserve in rder nt t make thers feel ffended. Besides, peple differ in persnalities s it is plite and cnsiderate t respect their bundaries and avid infrmatin they might view as privacy. (48 wrds)
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校将与国际友好校联合举办主题为“我是美食家 (Gastrnme)”的英语线上交流活动，请你用英语写一份发言稿，内容包括：
1.介绍你学会的一道美食并简述做法；
2.谈谈学做这道美食的感受及活动的意义。
注意：1.词数 100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词语：美食—delicacy;
Hell, everyne!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank yu.
【答案】Hell, everyne.
I’m very delighted t share with yu a traditinal Chinese delicacy I’ve learned t make frm my parents, dumplings.
As ne f the mst icnic dishes in Chinese cuisine, dumplings are shaped like silver ingts, representing wealth. When making dumplings, yu need t wrap the fillings made f vegetables, meat r seafd with thin pieces f dugh. After they are made, yu need t put them int biling water t get them well cked.
Making dumplings requires teamwrk and patience. It is als rewarding t spend time wrking with family members. This nline sharing ffers me a chance t understand ur Chinese fd culture better.
Hpe yu can try it yurself and I’m expecting t appreciate delicacies frm yur culture.
That’s all. Thank yu. （120 wrds）
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生用英语写一份发言稿，介绍一道美食并简述做法，同时谈谈学做这道美食的感受及学校举办这次活动的意义。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：delighted → pleased
象征，代表：represent → stand fr
要求：require → demand
提供，给与：ffer → give
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：As ne f the mst icnic dishes in Chinese cuisine, dumplings are shaped like silver ingts, representing wealth.
转换句：As ne f the mst icnic dishes in Chinese cuisine, dumplings are shaped like silver ingts, which represent wealth.
【点睛】【高分句型1】When making dumplings, yu need t wrap the fillings made f vegetables, meat r seafd with thin pieces f dugh. (运用了状语从句的省略)
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