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北京市海淀区2022-2023学年高二英语下学期学业水平调研试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份北京市海淀区2022-2023学年高二英语下学期学业水平调研试卷（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
海淀区2023年高二年级学业水平调研
英语
本试卷共8页，共四大部分，58道题，满分100分。考试时长90分钟。试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共三节，18分)
第一节(共4小题;每小题1分，共4分)
听下面4段材料。每段材料后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段材料后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段材料你将听一遍。
1. What’s the man’s dream job?
A. An actor. B. A doctor. C. A detective.
2. What does the man want to borrow from the woman?
A. A smart phone. B. Some money. C. A music player.
3. What does the woman prefer to do on rainy days?
A. Read books. B. Play with pets. C. Watch movies.
4. What will the woman probably do?
A. Buy a comfortable sofa. B. Add some decorations. C. Change the color of the room.
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
听下面4段材料。每段材料后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料你将听两遍。
听第5段材料，回答第5至6小题。
5. How does the woman usually have meals?
A. By cooking at home.
B. By buying takeaways.
C. By eating at restaurants.
6. Why does the man always buy takeaways on workdays?
A. Because he is tired of eating out.
B. Because he doesn’t like cooking.
C. Because he comes late from work.
听第6段材料，，回答第7至8小题。
7. Which airline will the woman probably choose?
A. Eastern Airlines. B. Southern Airlines. C. Spring Airlines.
8. Where will the man go for his holiday?
A. Zibo. B. Dali. C. Kunming.
听第7段材料，回答第9至10小题。
9 Where does the man work at the moment?
A. In a consulting department.
B. In a marketing department.
C. In an advertising department.
10. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Consultant and client.
B. Employer and employee.
C. Interviewer and interviewee.
听第8段材料，回答第11至12小题。
11. What does the woman strongly recommend?
A. Avoiding mistakes.
B. Joining online study groups.
C. Writing down concepts every day.
12. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Physics exams.
B. Study performances.
C. Learning methods.
听第9段材料，回答第13至14小题。
13. What can ABii do?
A. Encourage teachers.
B Give lessons.
C. Challenge students.
14. What is the speech mainly about?
A. How a robot teacher works.
B. What an Al math lesson is like.
C. Why a robot teacher is important.
第三节(共4小题;每小题1分，共4分)
听第10段材料，完成第15至18小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听材料前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段材料你将听两遍。
Ways to Develop a Sense of Gratitude
Keep a thankfulness journal
■ 15 five things you’re thankful for
■Reflect on the things you’re grateful for
Get a grateful partner
■Share your 16 with a friend and ask for help
■Ask him to remind you not to constantly complain
17 life with right words
■Understand that negative language makes a situation more 18
■Include your thankfulness in your words.
第二部分：知识运用(共两节，20分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Sleepy-eyed, I arrived in Jordan just before midnight: Picking up the rental car, the agent mumbled (咕哝) something about a gas station. Trying to stay ___1___, I really didn’t pay attention.
The next morning, I headed the desert castle excitedly. While driving, I noticed that there wasn’t a fuel gauge (指示器) on the dashboard. That was ___2___, but I didn’t think twice about it. I had just got the rental so there would be plenty of fuel.
After passing numerous gas stations, I was finally in the open desert. Complete ___3___. And that’s when my car suddenly came to a stop.
What? In the middle of nowhere, I stared at the engine with no idea what to do. ___4___ seized me.
Within 10 minutes, a Jordanian ___5___. He didn’t speak English and my Arabic was limited. After ___6___ my car, he told me through hand gestures that I was out of gas. Who knew that rental cars didn’t come with a full tank of gas there?!
The man ___7___ me to get in his car and drove to the nearest gas station to get extra petrol. We then got back to my car to put the gas in.
When I pulled out my wallet to pay him, he refused. My thanks, a smile, and one photo together were all he wanted. Before we fully ___8___, he even followed me a bit to ensure that I was safely on my way even though it was not getting late.
Today, whenever I think of Jordan, this memory ___9___ comes to mind, and my heart swells with gratitude. It is the stranger who saved my trip and reminded me of the importance of ____10____.
1. A. humble B. awake C. silent D. calm
2. A. unlucky B. unsafe C. odd D. foolish
3. A. isolation B. damage C. chaos D. darkness
4. A. Anger B. Curiosity C. Fascination D. Panic
5. A. turned over B. pulled over C. passed over D. took over
6. A. examining B. repairing C. stopping D. moving
7. A. required B. encouraged C. prepared D. signaled
8. A. talked B. parted C. engaged D. understood
9. A. hesitantly B. gradually C. instantly D. randomly
10. A. gratefulness B. cautiousness C. kindness D. positiveness
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了作者在约旦租车旅行时遇到的困境。作者没有注意到租车时没有加满油，结果在沙漠中汽车突然熄火。一位陌生人帮助作者去加油，并确保作者安全上路。这个经历让作者深刻体会到陌生人的善意和友善的重要性。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我睡眼惺忪地在午夜前抵达约旦：拿起租来的车，代理人咕哝着什么加油站的事。努力保持清醒，我真的没有注意。A. humble谦卑的；B. awake醒着的；C. silent沉默的；D. calm冷静的。根据后文前文“Sleepy-eyed”以及后文的“I really didn’t pay attention.”可知，坐着睡眼惺忪，努力保持清醒，对于加油的事情没有注意。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很奇怪，但我没有多想。我刚租了车，所以会有很多燃料。A. unlucky不幸运的；B. unsafe不安全的；C. odd奇怪的；D. foolish愚蠢的。根据前文“While driving, I noticed that there wasn’t a fuel gauge (指示器) on the dashboard.”可知，本句中的“that”指代的是此处的事实即开车的时候，作者注意到仪表盘上没有燃油表。这个情况很奇怪。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：完全与世隔绝。A. isolation隔离，孤立；B. damage损坏；C. chaos混乱；D. darkness黑暗。根据前文“After passing numerous gas stations, I was. finally in the open desert.”可知，经过无数的加油站后，作者终于来到了开阔的沙漠即作者完全处于沙漠中，与外界隔离开来。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在荒无人烟的地方，我盯着引擎，不知道该怎么办。我感到极度恐慌。A. Anger愤怒；B. Curiosity好奇心；C. Fascination着迷；D. Panic恐慌。根据“And that’s when my car suddenly came to a stop.”以及“In the middle of nowhere, I stared at the engine with no idea what to do.”可知，在荒无人烟的沙漠中，作者的车突然停下来，作者不知所措，故作者感到非常恐慌。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：不到10分钟，一名约旦人停了下来。 A. turned over翻转；B. pulled over靠边停车；C. passed over跳过，忽略；D. took over接管。根据后文“After ___6___ my car, he told me through hand gestures that I was out of gas.”可知，有一名约旦人不到10分钟靠边停车来帮助作者。故选B。
6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他检查完我的车后，用手势告诉我，我的车没油了。A. examining检查；B. repairing修理；C. stopping停止；D. moving移动。根据后文“he told me through hand gestures that I was out of gas”可知，他在检查之后才能告诉作者车没油了。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那人示意我上他的车，然后开到最近的加油站去加油。A. required要求；B. encouraged鼓励；C. prepared准备；D. signaled示意。根据前文“He didn’t speak English and my Arabic was limited.”以及“he told me through hand gestures that I was out of gas.”可知，他不会说英语，作者的阿拉伯语也很有限，因此作者和他的交流都是通过手势，由此该约旦人示意作者上他的车。故选D。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们完全分开之前，他甚至跟了我一会儿，以确保我在路上安全，尽管时间还不晚。A. talked谈话；B. parted分离；C. engaged从事；D. understood明白。根据后文“that I was safely on my way even though it was not getting late”可知，该约旦人在和作者分离之前，跟了作者一会儿，以确保作者在路上安全。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：今天，每当我想到约旦，这段记忆就会立即浮现在脑海中，我的心中充满了感激之情。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. instantly立即地；D. randomly随机地。根据第一段中“I arrived in Jordan just before midnight”可知，作者当时是在约旦旅行，故每当作者想到约旦，这段记忆就会立即浮现在脑海中。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：是这个陌生人拯救了我的旅程，并提醒了我善良的重要性。A. gratefulness感激；B. cautiousness小心；C. kindness善良；D. positiveness积极。根据前文“the stranger who saved my trip”可知，作者在约旦旅游的时候，是一个陌生人帮助了作者，由此提醒了作者善良的重要性。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On Christmas, we stuck up a board displaying “A Merry Christmas”, so did the enemy. ____11____(climb) out of trenches, cheerfully, we consumed beer in temporary peace. We were fed up with this war. Then again, during Boxing Day, we both never fired a shot. They asked ____12____ we had enjoyed the beer. We ____13____(reply) that it was great. Then we spent the whole day chatting with them happily. That evening we were replaced by other soldiers.
【答案】11. Having climbed
12. how 13. replied
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是，在圣诞节期间，敌人和“我们”都在战壕上贴上了写着“圣诞快乐”的牌子。“我们”爬出战壕，愉快地喝着啤酒，在短暂的和平中度过了这个节日。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们高高兴兴地从战壕里爬出来，在短暂的和平中喝着啤酒。分析句子，句中consumed为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词作时间状语（从战壕里爬出来后喝啤酒），we和climb之间是主动关系，climb这一动作发生先于谓语动词consume发生，即使用现在分词完成式，having climbed。同时该空置于句首，首字母要大写。故填Having climbed。
【12题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：他们问我们啤酒喝得怎么样。分析句子，设空处引导宾语从句作asked宾语。根据后文的“ it was great”可知，此处表示“如何，怎样”用how。故填how。
【13题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我们回答说很棒。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填replied。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
As schoolwork becomes more important, teenagers spend less time playing. However, being playful with friends and messing around with art and music are opportunities for teens to be mature. For one thing, making mistakes and learning from ____14____(they) can help teens develop their talents, ideas, and personal identities. Also, playing ____15____(offer) feelings of freedom and the mental health benefit of escaping from stress for even a few minutes. At every age, there is reason ____16____(play).
【答案】14. them
15. offers 16. to play
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着学业变得越来越重要，青少年花在玩耍上的时间越来越少。然而，和朋友一起玩耍，和艺术和音乐一起玩耍是青少年成熟的机会。一方面，犯错误并从中吸取教训可以帮助青少年发展他们的才能、想法和个人身份。此外，游戏提供了自由的感觉和心理健康的好处，即使是几分钟逃离压力。在每个年龄段，都有玩耍的理由。
【14题详解】
考查代词。句意：一方面，犯错误并从中吸取教训可以帮助青少年发展他们的才能、想法和个人身份。作介词的宾语，应用宾格them。故填them。
【15题详解】
考查时态。句意：此外，游戏提供了自由的感觉和心理健康的好处，即使是几分钟逃离压力。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为playing，谓语用三单形式。故填offers。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在每个年龄段，都有玩耍的理由。 there is a reason to do sth. 有做某事的理由。故填to play。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
More attention is being paid to the food astronauts eat. A lot of the food they eat ____17____(process) because it’s simple to eat and easy to transport. Unfortunately, it is sometimes low____18____ essential micro-nutrients. Therefore, the International Space Station (ISS) used a growth room to grow vegetables to find out if it was possible to grow nutritious food in space. ____19____(surprise), the differences in nutrient content were not found between ISS-grown vegetables and ground-grown ones. It shows that it is possible for astronauts to eat the food ____20____ is rich in nutrients.
【答案】17. is processed
18. in 19. Surprisingly
20. which##that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。宇航员吃的食物受到了更多的关注。他们吃的很多食物都是加工过的，因为它们吃起来简单，也便于运输。不幸的是，它有时缺乏必需的微量营养素。因此，国际空间站使用了一个种植室来种植蔬菜，以了解是否有可能在太空中种植有营养的食物。令人惊讶的是，在国际空间站种植的蔬菜和地面种植的蔬菜之间没有发现营养成分的差异。这表明宇航员吃营养丰富的食物是可能的。
【17题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：他们吃的很多食物都是加工过的，因为它们吃起来简单，也便于运输。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据eat可知为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为A lot of the food，谓语用单数。故填is processed。
【18题详解】
考查介词。句意：不幸的是，它有时缺乏必需的微量营养素。结合句意表示“缺乏”可知短语为be low in。故填in。
【19题详解】
考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，在国际空间站种植的蔬菜和地面种植的蔬菜之间没有发现营养成分的差异。修饰后文句子应用副词surprisingly，句首单词首字母大写。故填Surprisingly。
【20题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这表明宇航员吃营养丰富的食物是可能的。定语从句修饰先行词food，在从句中作主语，指物，故填which/that。
第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题2分，共20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该A项涂黑。
A
Our teen poetry workshops at Poets House are opportunities for writers in high school to create and explore poetry in one of the largest poetry libraries in the country. Young poets are given a chance to dig into the art and craft of poetry in a fun, creative and inspiring environment.
Join Dave Johnson Workshop to write daily new poems in only 10 minutes. Click the banner for two series of video poetry workshops where poet, playwright and educator Dave Johnson chooses a poet each day, and takes us through a close reading of their work. He gives us an instruction based on their work, then a short biography and reads an additional poem. These workshops are fun and surprising, for teens through adults, free.
The Thompson Foundation Initiative
The highlight of our teen poetry workshop program is the Thompson Foundation Initiative, through which noted poets visit high school classrooms followed by free follow-up class visits to Poets House. Recent teachers have included Dave Johnson, Jive Poetic, and Mahogany Browne. This initiative is meant to increase access to poetic education for under served schools and students by combining hands-on instruction from established poets with on-site visits to our extensive library. Students engage with poetry through reading, writing, and art projects that integrate the visual and linguistic.
If you are a teacher interested in this program, please reach out to Reggie Harris to arrange sessions for your class. Free class trips for all age levels are also available outside of this program.
Intensive Workshops for Teens
Advanced, individualized study is available periodically for students who want to continue writing poetry, through either our day-long or week-long intensive workshops.
·One-day workshops: Participation is free. All interested teens are encouraged to sign up.
·Week-long workshops: Participants are determined through an application process and an external judge; all interested high school students are encouraged to apply. Financial aid is available.
21. Teens can get to know one poet on a daily basis in _______.
A. Dave Johnson Workshop
B. the Thompson Foundation Initiative
C. Jive Poetic Workshop
D. Intensive Workshops for Teens
22. In the Thompson Foundation Initiative, students can _______.
A. contact Reggie Harris to attend class trips
B. visit Poets House with Mahogany Browne
C. work one-on-one with established poets
D. learn and enjoy poetry in diverse ways
23. What do the workshops in the passage have in common?
A. They are free of charge.
B. They are for all age groups.
C. They offer chances to write poems.
D. They have famous poets as teachers.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在诗人之家举办的青少年诗歌研讨会为高中作家提供的三个学习研讨诗歌的项目。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Click the banner for two series of video poetry workshops where poet, playwright and educator Dave Johnson chooses a poet each day, and takes us through a close reading of their work.”（点击横幅，观看两个系列的视频诗歌研讨会，诗人、剧作家和教育家戴夫·约翰逊每天都会选择一位诗人，并带我们仔细阅读他们的作品。）可知，青少年在每日的基础上了解一位诗人是通过戴夫·约翰逊研讨会。故选A项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据The Thompson Foundation Initiative标题下“Students engage with poetry through reading, writing, and art projects that integrate the visual and linguistic.”（学生通过阅读、写作和融合视觉和语言的艺术项目参与诗歌创作。）可知，在汤普森基金会倡议活动中学生可以通过不同的方式学习和享受诗歌。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Join Dave Johnson Workshop to write daily new poems in only 10 minutes.”（加入戴夫·约翰逊工作坊，只需10分钟即可写出每日新诗。）及The Thompson Foundation Initiative标题下“Students engage with poetry through reading, writing, and art projects that integrate the visual and linguistic.”（学生通过阅读、写作和融合视觉和语言的艺术项目参与诗歌创作。）及Intensive Workshops for Teens标题下“Advanced, individualized study is available periodically for students who want to continue writing poetry, through either our day-long or week-long intensive workshops.”（通过我们为期一天或一周的强化研讨会，希望继续写诗的学生可以定期进行高级个性化学习。）可知，三个研讨会的共同点是它们提供了写诗歌的机会。故选C项。
B
Noodles can turn from white to purple to pink with the aid of red cabbage and lemon juice; a chocolatey “liquid” can be rolled like a solid. These are just a few of the edible (可食的) treats in The Kitchen Science Cookbook that kids can make from everyday kitchen ingredients. The book has non-edible experiments, too—volcanoes that erupt with lava made from baking soda and vinegar—and most recipes cost less than a dollar, says the book’s creator, a nanotechnologist (纳米专家) and science communicator, Michelle Dickinson, known as Nanogirl.
Dickinson was inspired by a mother who told her she’d failed in science at school but wanted to develop a love of science in her own daughter. “Then the mother offered me a cake she’d made at home as a gift. I told her, ‘You do use science—you baked this cake!’ and she replied, ‘No, that’s baking, very different from science.’ I said, ‘Well, what happens if it doesn’t rise enough? You use more baking soda and then turn the oven up higher...’ There was a real disconnection between what the mother was doing and the word ‘science’.”
So Dickinson spent three years using her kitchen as a lab, coming up with 300 experiments. She put a call-out online for recipe testers, “thinking I’d get about five of my friends with kids responding, but in 24 hours we had 2,000 applicants from 24 countries!”
In 2012, she was asked by TEDx to give a lecture on nanotechnology, where she presented herself as Nanogirl—a confident, smart, amazing superhero on stage. In last year’s six-week nationwide tour, Nanogirl performed science stunts (特技表演) to thousands of kids, and trained 200 teachers in how to integrate science in the classroom.
Dickinson has got thousands of videos posted by children who’ve attempted the experiments she encourages them to try at home. “Then we have kids building all sorts of weird and wonderful things.”
Now Nanogirl has gone global, with local versions surfacing in five countries and in four languages.
Dickinson self-published The Kitchen Science Cookbook as part of a pay-it-forward program, where for every book sold, a book will be donated to a library, school or community organization. A Kickstarter fund helped pay for the printing. “I’m so grateful people believed in us.”
24. Dickinson became a science communicator because ______.
A. her mother developed a love of science in her
B. she got inspired by her cake-baking experience
C. she noticed people were unaware of science in life
D. her kitchen experiments went popular on social media
25. What impact has Dickinson made?
A. 200 teachers have joined her to become nanogirls.
B. Nanogirls emerge following in her steps worldwide.
C. A few schools and libraries have been funded by her.
D. Many kids are encouraged to donate books to schools.
26. According to the passage, Dickinson is ______.
A. passionate and inspiring B. creative and humorous
C. cooperative and generous D. courageous and grateful
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章介绍了纳米专家和科学传播者狄金森创作了一本名为《厨房科学食谱》的书，将科学与日常生活联系起来以及通过TEDx演讲和全国巡回表演向孩子们展示科学的魅力，激发孩子们对科学产生兴趣。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Dickinson was inspired by a mother who told her she’d failed in science at school but wanted to develop a love of science in her own daughter. “Then the mother offered me a cake she’d made at home as a gift. I told her, ‘You do use science—you baked this cake!’ and she replied, ‘No, that’s baking. very different from science.’ I said, ‘Well, what happens if it doesn’t rise enough? You use more baking soda and then turn the oven up higher...’ There was a real disconnection between what the mother was doing and the word ‘science’.”(狄金森的灵感来自一位母亲，她告诉她，她在学校理科不及格，但她想培养自己女儿对科学的热爱。然后，母亲把她在家里做的蛋糕送给我作为礼物。我告诉她:“你确实用了科学——你烤了这个蛋糕!”’她回答说:‘不，那是烘焙。和科学很不一样。’我说，‘好吧，如果涨得不够会怎么样?你用更多的小苏打，然后把烤箱调高…“这位母亲所做的事情和‘科学’这个词之间确实存在脱节。”)”以及第三段中“So Dickinson spent three years using her kitchen as a lab, coming up with 300 experiments. (因此，狄金森花了三年时间把她的厨房当作实验室，做了300个实验。)”可知，狄金森以生活中一名母亲并没有意识到烘焙与科学是密切相关为例，证明在很多人中存在生活和科学脱节的现象。由此激发她花三年的时间，把厨房当做实验室，做了300个实验，来将生活和实验联系起来，成为一名科学传播者。故狄金森之所以成为一名科学传播者，是因为她注意到人们在生活中不了解科学。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Now Nanogirl has gone global, with local versions surfacing in five countries and in four languages.(现在，纳米女孩们已经走向全球，在五个国家以四种语言发行了当地版本。)”可知，纳米女孩跟随狄金森的脚步出现在世界各地。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“So Dickinson spent three years using her kitchen as a lab, coming up with 300 experiments. (因此，狄金森花了三年时间把她的厨房当作实验室，做了300个实验。)”可知，狄金森对与自己所从事的事情是充满着热情的；同时根据倒数第二段中“Now Nanogirl has gone global, with local versions surfacing in five countries and in four languages.(现在，纳米女孩们已经走向全球，在五个国家以四种语言发行了当地版本。)”可知，狄金森是激励人心的，因为在她的影响下，纳米女孩们已经走向全球。故选A。
C
Hardly a day goes by without some new claim promising to bring us closer to the metaverse(元宇宙) in the not-too-distant future. On hearing this, some will feel pure excitement, but others will feel unsure or downright opposed. Our habit in recent history has been looking down upon those with doubts on technological progress. It may be time to re-examine that.
There has been a backlash to technology since historical memories began. Every new form of communication has attracted criticism for increasing the pace of life. For example, people once feared that cars travelling at 20 to 30 miles per hour might rob their passengers of oxygen.
When we look back, contemporary resistance to technological advancement can look completely foolish, but often it isn’t. The Luddites, for example, the destroyer of mill (作坊) machinery in the early industrial revolution, are generally referred to as a historical joke. But if we look at their real complaints, it wasn’t some naive anti-progress movement; it was about economics. Cotton mills replaced skilled, home-based, independent work with lower-skilled work in a factory, accompanied by much less autonomy and much less pay.
The mill might have been more efficient and thus more profitable, but it would take decades of campaigning to distribute those gains even approximately fairly—with the birth of the trade union movement, the welfare state and more. So, was their resistance really so unreasonable?
While metaverse advocates would like to paint skeptics as simply rooted in the past, at least some doubts are well founded. The reasons to be cautious of the next wave of technology are varied. One is simply whether the technologies in question are where they are claimed to be. If the company has a habit of over promising, few in the know will take its claims of inventions seriously.
Other more striking metaverse technologies rely on virtual reality, which still largely consists of heavy headsets and odd arm controls—all just to be able to operate an avatar through an awkward online world. VR has been “the next big thing” for decades and the public has consistently felt otherwise: there isn’t much to do once you are there, the technology gives many people motion sickness and, perhaps most problematically of all, the whole thing just seems extremely silly. Another popular innovation, health tracking, hasn’t caught the wider public by storm because many consumers worry about what will happen to their data.
There is much to anticipate as we bring online and offline worlds together. But we should learn not to dismiss concerns or caution about this, either. There are many rational reasons for people to take part in the techlash.
27. What does the underlined word “backlash” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. Exposure. B. Commitment.
C. Opposition. D. Transformation.
28. What can we learn about the Luddites movement?
A. It contributed to the success of the industrial revolution.
B. It made lower-skilled workers replaced by mills.
C. It led to the birth of the trade union movement.
D. It was launched largely for economic reasons.
29. People are hesitant about the next wave of technology partly because they _________.
A. are not interested in virtual reality
B. think some companies make overstatements
C. worry about the inaccuracy of their data collected
D. are embarrassed about wearing the awkward headsets
30. As for technological innovation, the author would agree _________.
A. enthusiasts are being unreasonable
B. the public should stay cool-headed
C. most of the criticism is groundless
D. people should welcome new technology
【答案】27. C 28. D 29. B 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。这篇文章讨论了对元宇宙的技术进步持怀疑态度的人们。作者指出，历史上每一种新的通信形式都会引起批评，人们担心技术进步会加快生活节奏。然而，作者也提到了一些对技术进步持怀疑态度的合理原因，比如技术是否真的达到了宣称的水平，虚拟现实技术的局限性以及人们对个人数据安全的担忧。作者呼吁我们不要轻视对技术进步的担忧，而是应该认真对待这些问题。
【27题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Our habit in recent history has been looking down upon those with doubts on technological progress. It may be time to re-examine that.(在近代史上，我们习惯是看不起那些对技术进步持怀疑态度的人。也许是时候重新审视这一点了。)”可知，在历史中，我们习惯于对技术进步持有怀疑的态度；同时根据划线词后面的内容“Every new form of communication has attracted criticism for increasing the pace of life. (每一种新的通讯方式都因加快了生活节奏而招致批评。)”可知，此处强调的是在历史中每次通讯方式即技术的进步都会招致批评。因此划线词的句子应该承接前后的观点，即表示“在人类的历史中，总是会对科技的进步有着反对的声音”，故划线词backlash与C选项“Opposition”为同义词，意为“反对”。故选C。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“But if we look at their real complaints, it wasn’t some naive anti-progress movement; it was about economics. (但如果我们看看他们真正的抱怨，就会发现这不是什么天真的反进步运动；这是关于经济的。)”可知，卢德运动的发起主要是出于经济原因。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“The reasons to be cautious of the next wave of technology are varied. One is simply whether the technologies in question are where they are claimed to be. If the company has a habit of over promising, few in the know will take its claims of inventions seriously.( 一个简单的问题是，所讨论的技术是否如他们当初所承诺的那样。如果这家公司有过度承诺的习惯，那么很少有知情人士会把它的发明主张当真。)”可知，人们对下一波技术浪潮犹豫不决，部分原因是他们认为一些公司言过其实。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There is much to anticipate as we bring online and offline worlds together. But we should learn not to dismiss concerns or caution about this, either. There are many rational reasons for people to take part in the techlash.(当我们将线上世界和线下世界结合在一起时，有很多事情值得期待。但我们也应该学会不要忽视对这个问题的担忧或警告。人们参加科技革命有很多合理的理由。)”可知，作者认为科技进步有很多事情值得我们期待，但是也不能忽视科技进步带来的担忧或者警告，由此作者对科技创新的态度是公众应该保持清醒的头脑，即保持公众应该保持冷静。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Digital Medicine
Could the next suggestion from your doctor be downloading an app? Collectively known as digital medicine, a large number of apps in use or under development can now detect or monitor mental and physical disorders or directly administer therapies. ___31___
Many detection aids rely on mobile devices to record such features as users’ voices, locations, facial expressions, exercise and sleep; then they apply artificial intelligence to mark the possible change of a condition. Some smart watches, for instance, contain a sensor that automatically detects and warns people of a dangerous heart rate. ___32___ These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. ___33___ Some are being developed to detect things such as cancerous DNA, stomach bleeds, body temperature and oxygen levels. The sensors inside your body can then send the data to apps for recording.
___34___ For the most part, those intended to diagnose or treat disorders must be proved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatory approval; some may need a doctor’s permission.
Clearly, society must move into the future of digital medicine with care — ensuring that the apps go through strict testing, protect privacy and go smoothly into doctors’ work. With such protections in place, healthcare costs could be saved by marking unhealthy behaviours and helping people to make changes before diseases set in. ___35___ For researchers, the patterns that emerge will provide them with novel ideas for how best to build healthier habits and prevent diseases.
A. For doctors, applying AI to the data from these apps could help them personalize patient care.
B. These data also help doctors detect diseases and help patients change their behaviors.
C. Other similar tools can detect breathing disorders, depression and other conditions.
D. They can both help diagnose symptoms and enhance traditional medical care.
E. Detection aids can also take the form of eatable and sensor-bearing pills.
F. Digital medicine has been widely used in all aspects of life nowadays.
G. Not all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine.
【答案】31. D 32. C 33. E 34. G 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了数字医疗的概念、具体的检测辅助设备的功能、发展中面临的限制以及未来可能带来的好处。
【31题详解】
前文“Collectively known as digital medicine, a large number of apps in use or under development can now detect or monitor mental and physical disorders or directly administer therapies. (现在，大量正在使用或正在开发的应用程序被统称为数字医疗，它们可以检测或监测心理和身体疾病，或直接实施治疗)”介绍数字医疗具备的功能，D项“They can both help diagnose symptoms and enhance traditional medical care. (它们既可以帮助诊断症状，又可以加强传统的医疗保健)”符合语境，继续介绍数字医疗的功能，承接前文，其中的They指代前文的a large number of apps。故选D。
【32题详解】
前文“Some smart watches, for instance, contain a sensor that automatically detects and warns people of a dangerous heart rate. (例如，一些智能手表包含一个传感器，可以自动检测并警告人们危险的心率)”列举智能手表中的检测辅助功能，后文“These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. (这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，C项“Other similar tools can detect breathing disorders, depression and other conditions. (其他类似的工具可以检测呼吸障碍、抑郁症和其他疾病)”符合语境，说明其他的检测辅助功能，承接前文，引出后文的评估，后文的These wearable detection aids涵盖前文的Some smart watches和选项中的Other similar tools。故选C。
【33题详解】
前文“These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. (这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，后文“Some are being developed to detect things such as cancerous DNA, stomach bleeds, body temperature and oxygen levels. The sensors inside your body can then send the data to apps for recording. (其中一些正在被开发用于检测癌症DNA、胃出血、体温和氧气水平等。然后，你体内的传感器可以将数据发送到应用程序进行记录。)”介绍新的介入体内的检测辅助设备，E项“Detection aids can also take the form of eatable and sensor-bearing pills. (检测辅助设备还可以采用可食用和带有传感器的药丸的形式)”符合语境，说明检测辅助设备的新形式，从前文的可穿戴的形式过渡到后文的介入体内的新形式，其中的eatable and sensor-bearing和后文的The sensors inside your body呼应。故选E。
【34题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“For the most part, those intended to diagnose or treat disorders must be proved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatory approval; some may need a doctor’s permission. (在大多数情况下，那些用于诊断或治疗疾病的药物必须在临床试验中被证明是安全有效的，并获得监管部门的批准；有些可能需要医生的许可)”指出数字医疗发展中的严格限制和流程，G项“Not all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine. (并非所有的医疗保健应用程序都可以用作数字医疗)”符合语境，说明数字医疗有其限制，可引出后文。故选G。
【35题详解】
前文“With such protections in place, healthcare costs could be saved by marking unhealthy behaviours and helping people to make changes before diseases set in. (有了这些保护措施，就可以通过标记不健康行为并帮助人们在疾病发生之前做出改变来节省医疗费用)”说明使用数字医疗对于普通人的好处，后文“For researchers, the patterns that emerge will provide them with novel ideas for how best to build healthier habits and prevent diseases. (对于研究人员来说，出现的模式将为他们提供如何最好地建立更健康的习惯和预防疾病的新想法)”说明使用数字医疗对于研究者的好处，A项“For doctors, applying AI to the data from these apps could help them personalize patient care. (对于医生来说，将人工智能应用于这些应用程序的数据可以帮助他们个性化患者护理)”符合语境，说明使用数字医疗对于医生的好处，和前后文内容呼应。故选A。
第四部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第54、55题各2分，第56题3分，第：57题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
It is no secret that literary works, like many other pieces of art, are capable of making an emotional impact on their audience. One can say it is the ability to influence the reader’s mood that makes a story good and memorable.
A writer can show the optimistic nature of a fictional character in a variety of ways. Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality is among the most emotionally efficient means. Therefore, there is usually a juxtaposition between the imagined would of a book and readers’ world around them.
At times when the world is “all over the place” and causes severe stress for people, having the chance to immerse (使沉浸) oneself in to the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief. For example, during the peaks of the pandemic when the news media was reporting high numbers of infected patients as well as spiking ICU rates, more and more people wanted to shelter themselves from the reality and take a break from it. While escaping the world around us is not realistic for a long time, having an opportunity to escape just for some time is a luxury that literature can offer.
There are a large number of books that offer the safe escape into a fictional world and teach their readers that there are to unsolvable problems. The adventures through which the reader goes together with book characters often provide teachable lessons and underline the importance of remaining optimistic. As mentioned by Montgomery in Anne of Green Gables, “Tomorrow is always fresh, with no mistakes in it yet.” It illustrates that the characters of the book have made some mistakes and have harvested the consequences of them, but the next day is a new page with new opportunities.
36. What is one of the most emotionally efficient means in literature?
_________________________________________________________________
37. How can people get a relief when suffering from stress?
_________________________________________________________________
38. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
The adventures in literature help readers find solutions to problems and realize the importance of optimism.
_________________________________________________________________
39. Apart from optimism, what other benefit(s) have you got from literature? Why? (In about 40 words)
_________________________________________________________________
【答案】36. Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality.
37. Having the chance to immerse oneself in to the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief.
38. The adventures in literature help readers find solutions to problems and realize the importance of optimism. The adventures in the book let the reader know that there are many problems that cannot be solved.
39. Apart from optimism, literature has provided me with the benefit of empathy. Reading allows me to explore different perspectives, understand diverse characters, and develop a deeper understanding of human emotions and experiences, which ultimately helps me become more empathetic towards others.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了文学作品可以给读者带来的好处。
【36题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality is among the most emotionally efficient means.(在主角的个性和外部现实之间创造反差是最有效的情感手段之一)”可知，文学作品中最有效的情感表达方式是在主角的个性和外部现实之间创造反差。故答案为Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality。
【37题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“At times when the world is “all over the place” and causes severe stress for people, having the chance to immerse (使沉浸) oneself in to the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief.(有时候，当这个世界“到处都是”，给人们带来了巨大的压力时，有机会沉浸在虚构的世界里，花点时间和故事中的人物在一起，不失为一种解脱)”可知，当人们遭受压力时，有机会沉浸在虚构的世界里，花点时间和故事中的人物在一起能得到缓解。故答案为Having the chance to immerse oneself in to the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief.
【38题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“There are a large number of books that offer the safe escape into a fictional world and teach their readers that there are to unsolvable problems. The adventures through which the reader goes together with book characters often provide teachable lessons and underline the importance of remaining optimistic.(有大量的书提供了一个安全的逃避到一个虚构的世界，并告诉他们的读者有许多无法解决的问题。读者与书中人物一起经历的冒险往往提供了可教的教训，并强调了保持乐观的重要性)”可知，错误的部分为“solutions to problems”，书中的冒险让读者知道有许多无法解决的问题。故答案为The adventures in literature help readers find solutions to problems and realize the importance of optimism. The adventures in the book let the reader know that there are many problems that cannot be solved.
【39题详解】
考查开放题。根据“除了乐观，你还从文学中得到了什么好处？为什么？”可回答：除了乐观，文学还让我有了同理心。阅读让我探索不同的视角，了解不同的人物，对人类的情感和经历有了更深的理解，最终使我对他人更有同理心。故答案为Apart from optimism, literature has provided me with the benefit of empathy. Reading allows me to explore different perspectives, understand diverse characters, and develop a deeper understanding of human emotions and experiences, which ultimately helps me become more empathetic towards others.
第二节(20分)
40. 假设你是红星中学高二（1）班班长李华。你校国际部学生Jim率队在“世界青少年机器人技能竞赛”中荣获一等奖。你打算邀请他在班会上做一次经验分享。请你用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 发出邀请；
2. 告知班会日程并建议分享内容。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：世界青少年机器人技能竞赛the World Adolescent Robotics Competition (WARC)
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Jim,
Congratulations on your outstanding achievement in the World Adolescent Robotics Competition! I am writing to invite you to our upcoming class meeting as a special guest speaker. I believe in the great inspiration of your experience to our classmates.
Our class meeting will be held next Friday from 3 p.m. to 4 p.m. in No. 6 multifunctional media room. There will be three parts, including a warm-up activity, your presentation, and a question and answer session.
First of all, we expect you to talk about the preparation phase, from team formation to concept development and practice sessions. Besides, we would love to hear about the challenges you faced, the strategies you implemented, and the lessons you learned throughout the competition. If possible, please share some tips for improving robot-building skills.
Please let me know at your earliest convenience if you can join us.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生写一封邮件邀请国际部学生Jim在班会上分享率队在“世界青少年机器人技能竞赛”中获奖的经验，需发出邀请，告知班会日程，并为分享内容提供建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
出色的：outstanding→remarkable, extraordinary, exceptional
成就：achievement→attainment, accomplishment
即将到来的：upcoming→coming, approaching, forthcoming
首先：first of all→to begin with, in the first place, at first
此外：besides→what’s more, in addition, moreover
面临：face→encounter, experience
提高：improve→sharpen, enhance
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I believe in the great inspiration of your experience to our classmates.
拓展句：I believe that your experience will greatly inspire our classmates.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Besides, we would love to hear about the challenges you faced, the strategies you implemented, and the lessons you learned throughout the competition. (运用了关系代词that/which引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词challenges并被省略、关系代词that/which引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词strategies并被省略、关系代词that/which引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词lessons并被省略)
[高分句型2] If possible, please share some tips for improving robot-building skills. (运用了动名词短语improving…作for的宾语)
[高分句型3] Please let me know at your earliest convenience if you can join us. (运用了从属连词if引导条件状语从句)
海淀区2023年高二年级学业水平调研
英语
本试卷共8页，共四大部分，58道题，满分100分。考试时长90分钟。试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共三节，18分)
第一节(共4小题;每小题1分，共4分)
听下面4段材料。每段材料后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段材料后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段材料你将听一遍。
1. What’s the man’s dream job?
A. An actor. B. A doctor. C. A detective.
2. What does the man want to borrow from the woman?
A. A smart phone. B. Some money. C. A music player.
3. What does the woman prefer to do on rainy days?
A. Read books. B. Play with pets. C. Watch movies.
4. What will the woman probably do?
A. Buy a comfortable sofa. B. Add some decorations. C. Change the color of the room.
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
听下面4段材料。每段材料后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料你将听两遍。
听第5段材料，回答第5至6小题。
5. How does the woman usually have meals?
A. By cooking at home.
B. By buying takeaways.
C. By eating at restaurants.
6. Why does the man always buy takeaways on workdays?
A. Because he is tired of eating out.
B. Because he doesn’t like cooking.
C. Because he comes late from work.
听第6段材料，，回答第7至8小题。
7. Which airline will the woman probably choose?
A. Eastern Airlines. B. Southern Airlines. C. Spring Airlines.
8. Where will the man go for his holiday?
A. Zibo. B. Dali. C. Kunming.
听第7段材料，回答第9至10小题。
9 Where does the man work at the moment?
A. In a consulting department.
B. In a marketing department.
C. In an advertising department.
10. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Consultant and client.
B. Employer and employee.
C. Interviewer and interviewee.
听第8段材料，回答第11至12小题。
11. What does the woman strongly recommend?
A. Avoiding mistakes.
B. Joining online study groups.
C. Writing down concepts every day.
12. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Physics exams.
B. Study performances.
C. Learning methods.
听第9段材料，回答第13至14小题。
13. What can ABii do?
A. Encourage teachers.
B Give lessons.
C. Challenge students.
14. What is the speech mainly about?
A. How a robot teacher works.
B. What an Al math lesson is like.
C. Why a robot teacher is important.
第三节(共4小题;每小题1分，共4分)
听第10段材料，完成第15至18小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听材料前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段材料你将听两遍。
Ways to Develop a Sense of Gratitude
Keep a thankfulness journal
■ 15 five things you’re thankful for
■Reflect on the things you’re grateful for
Get a grateful partner
■Share your 16 with a friend and ask for help
■Ask him to remind you not to constantly complain
17 life with right words
■Understand that negative language makes a situation more 18
■Include your thankfulness in your words.
第二部分：知识运用(共两节，20分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Sleepy-eyed, I arrived in Jordan just before midnight: Picking up the rental car, the agent mumbled (咕哝) something about a gas station. Trying to stay ___1___, I really didn’t pay attention.
The next morning, I headed the desert castle excitedly. While driving, I noticed that there wasn’t a fuel gauge (指示器) on the dashboard. That was ___2___, but I didn’t think twice about it. I had just got the rental so there would be plenty of fuel.
After passing numerous gas stations, I was finally in the open desert. Complete ___3___. And that’s when my car suddenly came to a stop.
What? In the middle of nowhere, I stared at the engine with no idea what to do. ___4___ seized me.
Within 10 minutes, a Jordanian ___5___. He didn’t speak English and my Arabic was limited. After ___6___ my car, he told me through hand gestures that I was out of gas. Who knew that rental cars didn’t come with a full tank of gas there?!
The man ___7___ me to get in his car and drove to the nearest gas station to get extra petrol. We then got back to my car to put the gas in.
When I pulled out my wallet to pay him, he refused. My thanks, a smile, and one photo together were all he wanted. Before we fully ___8___, he even followed me a bit to ensure that I was safely on my way even though it was not getting late.
Today, whenever I think of Jordan, this memory ___9___ comes to mind, and my heart swells with gratitude. It is the stranger who saved my trip and reminded me of the importance of ____10____.
1. A. humble B. awake C. silent D. calm
2. A. unlucky B. unsafe C. odd D. foolish
3. A. isolation B. damage C. chaos D. darkness
4. A. Anger B. Curiosity C. Fascination D. Panic
5. A. turned over B. pulled over C. passed over D. took over
6. A. examining B. repairing C. stopping D. moving
7. A. required B. encouraged C. prepared D. signaled
8. A. talked B. parted C. engaged D. understood
9. A. hesitantly B. gradually C. instantly D. randomly
10. A. gratefulness B. cautiousness C. kindness D. positiveness
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了作者在约旦租车旅行时遇到的困境。作者没有注意到租车时没有加满油，结果在沙漠中汽车突然熄火。一位陌生人帮助作者去加油，并确保作者安全上路。这个经历让作者深刻体会到陌生人的善意和友善的重要性。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我睡眼惺忪地在午夜前抵达约旦：拿起租来的车，代理人咕哝着什么加油站的事。努力保持清醒，我真的没有注意。A. humble谦卑的；B. awake醒着的；C. silent沉默的；D. calm冷静的。根据后文前文“Sleepy-eyed”以及后文的“I really didn’t pay attention.”可知，坐着睡眼惺忪，努力保持清醒，对于加油的事情没有注意。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很奇怪，但我没有多想。我刚租了车，所以会有很多燃料。A. unlucky不幸运的；B. unsafe不安全的；C. odd奇怪的；D. foolish愚蠢的。根据前文“While driving, I noticed that there wasn’t a fuel gauge (指示器) on the dashboard.”可知，本句中的“that”指代的是此处的事实即开车的时候，作者注意到仪表盘上没有燃油表。这个情况很奇怪。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：完全与世隔绝。A. isolation隔离，孤立；B. damage损坏；C. chaos混乱；D. darkness黑暗。根据前文“After passing numerous gas stations, I was. finally in the open desert.”可知，经过无数的加油站后，作者终于来到了开阔的沙漠即作者完全处于沙漠中，与外界隔离开来。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在荒无人烟的地方，我盯着引擎，不知道该怎么办。我感到极度恐慌。A. Anger愤怒；B. Curiosity好奇心；C. Fascination着迷；D. Panic恐慌。根据“And that’s when my car suddenly came to a stop.”以及“In the middle of nowhere, I stared at the engine with no idea what to do.”可知，在荒无人烟的沙漠中，作者的车突然停下来，作者不知所措，故作者感到非常恐慌。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：不到10分钟，一名约旦人停了下来。 A. turned over翻转；B. pulled over靠边停车；C. passed over跳过，忽略；D. took over接管。根据后文“After ___6___ my car, he told me through hand gestures that I was out of gas.”可知，有一名约旦人不到10分钟靠边停车来帮助作者。故选B。
6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他检查完我的车后，用手势告诉我，我的车没油了。A. examining检查；B. repairing修理；C. stopping停止；D. moving移动。根据后文“he told me through hand gestures that I was out of gas”可知，他在检查之后才能告诉作者车没油了。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那人示意我上他的车，然后开到最近的加油站去加油。A. required要求；B. encouraged鼓励；C. prepared准备；D. signaled示意。根据前文“He didn’t speak English and my Arabic was limited.”以及“he told me through hand gestures that I was out of gas.”可知，他不会说英语，作者的阿拉伯语也很有限，因此作者和他的交流都是通过手势，由此该约旦人示意作者上他的车。故选D。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们完全分开之前，他甚至跟了我一会儿，以确保我在路上安全，尽管时间还不晚。A. talked谈话；B. parted分离；C. engaged从事；D. understood明白。根据后文“that I was safely on my way even though it was not getting late”可知，该约旦人在和作者分离之前，跟了作者一会儿，以确保作者在路上安全。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：今天，每当我想到约旦，这段记忆就会立即浮现在脑海中，我的心中充满了感激之情。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. instantly立即地；D. randomly随机地。根据第一段中“I arrived in Jordan just before midnight”可知，作者当时是在约旦旅行，故每当作者想到约旦，这段记忆就会立即浮现在脑海中。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：是这个陌生人拯救了我的旅程，并提醒了我善良的重要性。A. gratefulness感激；B. cautiousness小心；C. kindness善良；D. positiveness积极。根据前文“the stranger who saved my trip”可知，作者在约旦旅游的时候，是一个陌生人帮助了作者，由此提醒了作者善良的重要性。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On Christmas, we stuck up a board displaying “A Merry Christmas”, so did the enemy. ____11____(climb) out of trenches, cheerfully, we consumed beer in temporary peace. We were fed up with this war. Then again, during Boxing Day, we both never fired a shot. They asked ____12____ we had enjoyed the beer. We ____13____(reply) that it was great. Then we spent the whole day chatting with them happily. That evening we were replaced by other soldiers.
【答案】11. Having climbed
12. how 13. replied
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是，在圣诞节期间，敌人和“我们”都在战壕上贴上了写着“圣诞快乐”的牌子。“我们”爬出战壕，愉快地喝着啤酒，在短暂的和平中度过了这个节日。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们高高兴兴地从战壕里爬出来，在短暂的和平中喝着啤酒。分析句子，句中consumed为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词作时间状语（从战壕里爬出来后喝啤酒），we和climb之间是主动关系，climb这一动作发生先于谓语动词consume发生，即使用现在分词完成式，having climbed。同时该空置于句首，首字母要大写。故填Having climbed。
【12题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：他们问我们啤酒喝得怎么样。分析句子，设空处引导宾语从句作asked宾语。根据后文的“ it was great”可知，此处表示“如何，怎样”用how。故填how。
【13题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我们回答说很棒。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填replied。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
As schoolwork becomes more important, teenagers spend less time playing. However, being playful with friends and messing around with art and music are opportunities for teens to be mature. For one thing, making mistakes and learning from ____14____(they) can help teens develop their talents, ideas, and personal identities. Also, playing ____15____(offer) feelings of freedom and the mental health benefit of escaping from stress for even a few minutes. At every age, there is reason ____16____(play).
【答案】14. them
15. offers 16. to play
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着学业变得越来越重要，青少年花在玩耍上的时间越来越少。然而，和朋友一起玩耍，和艺术和音乐一起玩耍是青少年成熟的机会。一方面，犯错误并从中吸取教训可以帮助青少年发展他们的才能、想法和个人身份。此外，游戏提供了自由的感觉和心理健康的好处，即使是几分钟逃离压力。在每个年龄段，都有玩耍的理由。
【14题详解】
考查代词。句意：一方面，犯错误并从中吸取教训可以帮助青少年发展他们的才能、想法和个人身份。作介词的宾语，应用宾格them。故填them。
【15题详解】
考查时态。句意：此外，游戏提供了自由的感觉和心理健康的好处，即使是几分钟逃离压力。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为playing，谓语用三单形式。故填offers。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在每个年龄段，都有玩耍的理由。 there is a reason to do sth. 有做某事的理由。故填to play。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
More attention is being paid to the food astronauts eat. A lot of the food they eat ____17____(process) because it’s simple to eat and easy to transport. Unfortunately, it is sometimes low____18____ essential micro-nutrients. Therefore, the International Space Station (ISS) used a growth room to grow vegetables to find out if it was possible to grow nutritious food in space. ____19____(surprise), the differences in nutrient content were not found between ISS-grown vegetables and ground-grown ones. It shows that it is possible for astronauts to eat the food ____20____ is rich in nutrients.
【答案】17. is processed
18. in 19. Surprisingly
20. which##that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。宇航员吃的食物受到了更多的关注。他们吃的很多食物都是加工过的，因为它们吃起来简单，也便于运输。不幸的是，它有时缺乏必需的微量营养素。因此，国际空间站使用了一个种植室来种植蔬菜，以了解是否有可能在太空中种植有营养的食物。令人惊讶的是，在国际空间站种植的蔬菜和地面种植的蔬菜之间没有发现营养成分的差异。这表明宇航员吃营养丰富的食物是可能的。
【17题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：他们吃的很多食物都是加工过的，因为它们吃起来简单，也便于运输。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据eat可知为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为A lot of the food，谓语用单数。故填is processed。
【18题详解】
考查介词。句意：不幸的是，它有时缺乏必需的微量营养素。结合句意表示“缺乏”可知短语为be low in。故填in。
【19题详解】
考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，在国际空间站种植的蔬菜和地面种植的蔬菜之间没有发现营养成分的差异。修饰后文句子应用副词surprisingly，句首单词首字母大写。故填Surprisingly。
【20题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这表明宇航员吃营养丰富的食物是可能的。定语从句修饰先行词food，在从句中作主语，指物，故填which/that。
第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题2分，共20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该A项涂黑。
A
Our teen poetry workshops at Poets House are opportunities for writers in high school to create and explore poetry in one of the largest poetry libraries in the country. Young poets are given a chance to dig into the art and craft of poetry in a fun, creative and inspiring environment.
Join Dave Johnson Workshop to write daily new poems in only 10 minutes. Click the banner for two series of video poetry workshops where poet, playwright and educator Dave Johnson chooses a poet each day, and takes us through a close reading of their work. He gives us an instruction based on their work, then a short biography and reads an additional poem. These workshops are fun and surprising, for teens through adults, free.
The Thompson Foundation Initiative
The highlight of our teen poetry workshop program is the Thompson Foundation Initiative, through which noted poets visit high school classrooms followed by free follow-up class visits to Poets House. Recent teachers have included Dave Johnson, Jive Poetic, and Mahogany Browne. This initiative is meant to increase access to poetic education for under served schools and students by combining hands-on instruction from established poets with on-site visits to our extensive library. Students engage with poetry through reading, writing, and art projects that integrate the visual and linguistic.
If you are a teacher interested in this program, please reach out to Reggie Harris to arrange sessions for your class. Free class trips for all age levels are also available outside of this program.
Intensive Workshops for Teens
Advanced, individualized study is available periodically for students who want to continue writing poetry, through either our day-long or week-long intensive workshops.
·One-day workshops: Participation is free. All interested teens are encouraged to sign up.
·Week-long workshops: Participants are determined through an application process and an external judge; all interested high school students are encouraged to apply. Financial aid is available.
21. Teens can get to know one poet on a daily basis in _______.
A. Dave Johnson Workshop
B. the Thompson Foundation Initiative
C. Jive Poetic Workshop
D. Intensive Workshops for Teens
22. In the Thompson Foundation Initiative, students can _______.
A. contact Reggie Harris to attend class trips
B. visit Poets House with Mahogany Browne
C. work one-on-one with established poets
D. learn and enjoy poetry in diverse ways
23. What do the workshops in the passage have in common?
A. They are free of charge.
B. They are for all age groups.
C. They offer chances to write poems.
D. They have famous poets as teachers.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在诗人之家举办的青少年诗歌研讨会为高中作家提供的三个学习研讨诗歌的项目。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Click the banner for two series of video poetry workshops where poet, playwright and educator Dave Johnson chooses a poet each day, and takes us through a close reading of their work.”（点击横幅，观看两个系列的视频诗歌研讨会，诗人、剧作家和教育家戴夫·约翰逊每天都会选择一位诗人，并带我们仔细阅读他们的作品。）可知，青少年在每日的基础上了解一位诗人是通过戴夫·约翰逊研讨会。故选A项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据The Thompson Foundation Initiative标题下“Students engage with poetry through reading, writing, and art projects that integrate the visual and linguistic.”（学生通过阅读、写作和融合视觉和语言的艺术项目参与诗歌创作。）可知，在汤普森基金会倡议活动中学生可以通过不同的方式学习和享受诗歌。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Join Dave Johnson Workshop to write daily new poems in only 10 minutes.”（加入戴夫·约翰逊工作坊，只需10分钟即可写出每日新诗。）及The Thompson Foundation Initiative标题下“Students engage with poetry through reading, writing, and art projects that integrate the visual and linguistic.”（学生通过阅读、写作和融合视觉和语言的艺术项目参与诗歌创作。）及Intensive Workshops for Teens标题下“Advanced, individualized study is available periodically for students who want to continue writing poetry, through either our day-long or week-long intensive workshops.”（通过我们为期一天或一周的强化研讨会，希望继续写诗的学生可以定期进行高级个性化学习。）可知，三个研讨会的共同点是它们提供了写诗歌的机会。故选C项。
B
Noodles can turn from white to purple to pink with the aid of red cabbage and lemon juice; a chocolatey “liquid” can be rolled like a solid. These are just a few of the edible (可食的) treats in The Kitchen Science Cookbook that kids can make from everyday kitchen ingredients. The book has non-edible experiments, too—volcanoes that erupt with lava made from baking soda and vinegar—and most recipes cost less than a dollar, says the book’s creator, a nanotechnologist (纳米专家) and science communicator, Michelle Dickinson, known as Nanogirl.
Dickinson was inspired by a mother who told her she’d failed in science at school but wanted to develop a love of science in her own daughter. “Then the mother offered me a cake she’d made at home as a gift. I told her, ‘You do use science—you baked this cake!’ and she replied, ‘No, that’s baking, very different from science.’ I said, ‘Well, what happens if it doesn’t rise enough? You use more baking soda and then turn the oven up higher...’ There was a real disconnection between what the mother was doing and the word ‘science’.”
So Dickinson spent three years using her kitchen as a lab, coming up with 300 experiments. She put a call-out online for recipe testers, “thinking I’d get about five of my friends with kids responding, but in 24 hours we had 2,000 applicants from 24 countries!”
In 2012, she was asked by TEDx to give a lecture on nanotechnology, where she presented herself as Nanogirl—a confident, smart, amazing superhero on stage. In last year’s six-week nationwide tour, Nanogirl performed science stunts (特技表演) to thousands of kids, and trained 200 teachers in how to integrate science in the classroom.
Dickinson has got thousands of videos posted by children who’ve attempted the experiments she encourages them to try at home. “Then we have kids building all sorts of weird and wonderful things.”
Now Nanogirl has gone global, with local versions surfacing in five countries and in four languages.
Dickinson self-published The Kitchen Science Cookbook as part of a pay-it-forward program, where for every book sold, a book will be donated to a library, school or community organization. A Kickstarter fund helped pay for the printing. “I’m so grateful people believed in us.”
24. Dickinson became a science communicator because ______.
A. her mother developed a love of science in her
B. she got inspired by her cake-baking experience
C. she noticed people were unaware of science in life
D. her kitchen experiments went popular on social media
25. What impact has Dickinson made?
A. 200 teachers have joined her to become nanogirls.
B. Nanogirls emerge following in her steps worldwide.
C. A few schools and libraries have been funded by her.
D. Many kids are encouraged to donate books to schools.
26. According to the passage, Dickinson is ______.
A. passionate and inspiring B. creative and humorous
C. cooperative and generous D. courageous and grateful
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章介绍了纳米专家和科学传播者狄金森创作了一本名为《厨房科学食谱》的书，将科学与日常生活联系起来以及通过TEDx演讲和全国巡回表演向孩子们展示科学的魅力，激发孩子们对科学产生兴趣。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Dickinson was inspired by a mother who told her she’d failed in science at school but wanted to develop a love of science in her own daughter. “Then the mother offered me a cake she’d made at home as a gift. I told her, ‘You do use science—you baked this cake!’ and she replied, ‘No, that’s baking. very different from science.’ I said, ‘Well, what happens if it doesn’t rise enough? You use more baking soda and then turn the oven up higher...’ There was a real disconnection between what the mother was doing and the word ‘science’.”(狄金森的灵感来自一位母亲，她告诉她，她在学校理科不及格，但她想培养自己女儿对科学的热爱。然后，母亲把她在家里做的蛋糕送给我作为礼物。我告诉她:“你确实用了科学——你烤了这个蛋糕!”’她回答说:‘不，那是烘焙。和科学很不一样。’我说，‘好吧，如果涨得不够会怎么样?你用更多的小苏打，然后把烤箱调高…“这位母亲所做的事情和‘科学’这个词之间确实存在脱节。”)”以及第三段中“So Dickinson spent three years using her kitchen as a lab, coming up with 300 experiments. (因此，狄金森花了三年时间把她的厨房当作实验室，做了300个实验。)”可知，狄金森以生活中一名母亲并没有意识到烘焙与科学是密切相关为例，证明在很多人中存在生活和科学脱节的现象。由此激发她花三年的时间，把厨房当做实验室，做了300个实验，来将生活和实验联系起来，成为一名科学传播者。故狄金森之所以成为一名科学传播者，是因为她注意到人们在生活中不了解科学。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Now Nanogirl has gone global, with local versions surfacing in five countries and in four languages.(现在，纳米女孩们已经走向全球，在五个国家以四种语言发行了当地版本。)”可知，纳米女孩跟随狄金森的脚步出现在世界各地。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“So Dickinson spent three years using her kitchen as a lab, coming up with 300 experiments. (因此，狄金森花了三年时间把她的厨房当作实验室，做了300个实验。)”可知，狄金森对与自己所从事的事情是充满着热情的；同时根据倒数第二段中“Now Nanogirl has gone global, with local versions surfacing in five countries and in four languages.(现在，纳米女孩们已经走向全球，在五个国家以四种语言发行了当地版本。)”可知，狄金森是激励人心的，因为在她的影响下，纳米女孩们已经走向全球。故选A。
C
Hardly a day goes by without some new claim promising to bring us closer to the metaverse(元宇宙) in the not-too-distant future. On hearing this, some will feel pure excitement, but others will feel unsure or downright opposed. Our habit in recent history has been looking down upon those with doubts on technological progress. It may be time to re-examine that.
There has been a backlash to technology since historical memories began. Every new form of communication has attracted criticism for increasing the pace of life. For example, people once feared that cars travelling at 20 to 30 miles per hour might rob their passengers of oxygen.
When we look back, contemporary resistance to technological advancement can look completely foolish, but often it isn’t. The Luddites, for example, the destroyer of mill (作坊) machinery in the early industrial revolution, are generally referred to as a historical joke. But if we look at their real complaints, it wasn’t some naive anti-progress movement; it was about economics. Cotton mills replaced skilled, home-based, independent work with lower-skilled work in a factory, accompanied by much less autonomy and much less pay.
The mill might have been more efficient and thus more profitable, but it would take decades of campaigning to distribute those gains even approximately fairly—with the birth of the trade union movement, the welfare state and more. So, was their resistance really so unreasonable?
While metaverse advocates would like to paint skeptics as simply rooted in the past, at least some doubts are well founded. The reasons to be cautious of the next wave of technology are varied. One is simply whether the technologies in question are where they are claimed to be. If the company has a habit of over promising, few in the know will take its claims of inventions seriously.
Other more striking metaverse technologies rely on virtual reality, which still largely consists of heavy headsets and odd arm controls—all just to be able to operate an avatar through an awkward online world. VR has been “the next big thing” for decades and the public has consistently felt otherwise: there isn’t much to do once you are there, the technology gives many people motion sickness and, perhaps most problematically of all, the whole thing just seems extremely silly. Another popular innovation, health tracking, hasn’t caught the wider public by storm because many consumers worry about what will happen to their data.
There is much to anticipate as we bring online and offline worlds together. But we should learn not to dismiss concerns or caution about this, either. There are many rational reasons for people to take part in the techlash.
27. What does the underlined word “backlash” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. Exposure. B. Commitment.
C. Opposition. D. Transformation.
28. What can we learn about the Luddites movement?
A. It contributed to the success of the industrial revolution.
B. It made lower-skilled workers replaced by mills.
C. It led to the birth of the trade union movement.
D. It was launched largely for economic reasons.
29. People are hesitant about the next wave of technology partly because they _________.
A. are not interested in virtual reality
B. think some companies make overstatements
C. worry about the inaccuracy of their data collected
D. are embarrassed about wearing the awkward headsets
30. As for technological innovation, the author would agree _________.
A. enthusiasts are being unreasonable
B. the public should stay cool-headed
C. most of the criticism is groundless
D. people should welcome new technology
【答案】27. C 28. D 29. B 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。这篇文章讨论了对元宇宙的技术进步持怀疑态度的人们。作者指出，历史上每一种新的通信形式都会引起批评，人们担心技术进步会加快生活节奏。然而，作者也提到了一些对技术进步持怀疑态度的合理原因，比如技术是否真的达到了宣称的水平，虚拟现实技术的局限性以及人们对个人数据安全的担忧。作者呼吁我们不要轻视对技术进步的担忧，而是应该认真对待这些问题。
【27题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Our habit in recent history has been looking down upon those with doubts on technological progress. It may be time to re-examine that.(在近代史上，我们习惯是看不起那些对技术进步持怀疑态度的人。也许是时候重新审视这一点了。)”可知，在历史中，我们习惯于对技术进步持有怀疑的态度；同时根据划线词后面的内容“Every new form of communication has attracted criticism for increasing the pace of life. (每一种新的通讯方式都因加快了生活节奏而招致批评。)”可知，此处强调的是在历史中每次通讯方式即技术的进步都会招致批评。因此划线词的句子应该承接前后的观点，即表示“在人类的历史中，总是会对科技的进步有着反对的声音”，故划线词backlash与C选项“Opposition”为同义词，意为“反对”。故选C。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“But if we look at their real complaints, it wasn’t some naive anti-progress movement; it was about economics. (但如果我们看看他们真正的抱怨，就会发现这不是什么天真的反进步运动；这是关于经济的。)”可知，卢德运动的发起主要是出于经济原因。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“The reasons to be cautious of the next wave of technology are varied. One is simply whether the technologies in question are where they are claimed to be. If the company has a habit of over promising, few in the know will take its claims of inventions seriously.( 一个简单的问题是，所讨论的技术是否如他们当初所承诺的那样。如果这家公司有过度承诺的习惯，那么很少有知情人士会把它的发明主张当真。)”可知，人们对下一波技术浪潮犹豫不决，部分原因是他们认为一些公司言过其实。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There is much to anticipate as we bring online and offline worlds together. But we should learn not to dismiss concerns or caution about this, either. There are many rational reasons for people to take part in the techlash.(当我们将线上世界和线下世界结合在一起时，有很多事情值得期待。但我们也应该学会不要忽视对这个问题的担忧或警告。人们参加科技革命有很多合理的理由。)”可知，作者认为科技进步有很多事情值得我们期待，但是也不能忽视科技进步带来的担忧或者警告，由此作者对科技创新的态度是公众应该保持清醒的头脑，即保持公众应该保持冷静。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Digital Medicine
Could the next suggestion from your doctor be downloading an app? Collectively known as digital medicine, a large number of apps in use or under development can now detect or monitor mental and physical disorders or directly administer therapies. ___31___
Many detection aids rely on mobile devices to record such features as users’ voices, locations, facial expressions, exercise and sleep; then they apply artificial intelligence to mark the possible change of a condition. Some smart watches, for instance, contain a sensor that automatically detects and warns people of a dangerous heart rate. ___32___ These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. ___33___ Some are being developed to detect things such as cancerous DNA, stomach bleeds, body temperature and oxygen levels. The sensors inside your body can then send the data to apps for recording.
___34___ For the most part, those intended to diagnose or treat disorders must be proved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatory approval; some may need a doctor’s permission.
Clearly, society must move into the future of digital medicine with care — ensuring that the apps go through strict testing, protect privacy and go smoothly into doctors’ work. With such protections in place, healthcare costs could be saved by marking unhealthy behaviours and helping people to make changes before diseases set in. ___35___ For researchers, the patterns that emerge will provide them with novel ideas for how best to build healthier habits and prevent diseases.
A. For doctors, applying AI to the data from these apps could help them personalize patient care.
B. These data also help doctors detect diseases and help patients change their behaviors.
C. Other similar tools can detect breathing disorders, depression and other conditions.
D. They can both help diagnose symptoms and enhance traditional medical care.
E. Detection aids can also take the form of eatable and sensor-bearing pills.
F. Digital medicine has been widely used in all aspects of life nowadays.
G. Not all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine.
【答案】31. D 32. C 33. E 34. G 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了数字医疗的概念、具体的检测辅助设备的功能、发展中面临的限制以及未来可能带来的好处。
【31题详解】
前文“Collectively known as digital medicine, a large number of apps in use or under development can now detect or monitor mental and physical disorders or directly administer therapies. (现在，大量正在使用或正在开发的应用程序被统称为数字医疗，它们可以检测或监测心理和身体疾病，或直接实施治疗)”介绍数字医疗具备的功能，D项“They can both help diagnose symptoms and enhance traditional medical care. (它们既可以帮助诊断症状，又可以加强传统的医疗保健)”符合语境，继续介绍数字医疗的功能，承接前文，其中的They指代前文的a large number of apps。故选D。
【32题详解】
前文“Some smart watches, for instance, contain a sensor that automatically detects and warns people of a dangerous heart rate. (例如，一些智能手表包含一个传感器，可以自动检测并警告人们危险的心率)”列举智能手表中的检测辅助功能，后文“These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. (这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，C项“Other similar tools can detect breathing disorders, depression and other conditions. (其他类似的工具可以检测呼吸障碍、抑郁症和其他疾病)”符合语境，说明其他的检测辅助功能，承接前文，引出后文的评估，后文的These wearable detection aids涵盖前文的Some smart watches和选项中的Other similar tools。故选C。
【33题详解】
前文“These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. (这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，后文“Some are being developed to detect things such as cancerous DNA, stomach bleeds, body temperature and oxygen levels. The sensors inside your body can then send the data to apps for recording. (其中一些正在被开发用于检测癌症DNA、胃出血、体温和氧气水平等。然后，你体内的传感器可以将数据发送到应用程序进行记录。)”介绍新的介入体内的检测辅助设备，E项“Detection aids can also take the form of eatable and sensor-bearing pills. (检测辅助设备还可以采用可食用和带有传感器的药丸的形式)”符合语境，说明检测辅助设备的新形式，从前文的可穿戴的形式过渡到后文的介入体内的新形式，其中的eatable and sensor-bearing和后文的The sensors inside your body呼应。故选E。
【34题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“For the most part, those intended to diagnose or treat disorders must be proved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatory approval; some may need a doctor’s permission. (在大多数情况下，那些用于诊断或治疗疾病的药物必须在临床试验中被证明是安全有效的，并获得监管部门的批准；有些可能需要医生的许可)”指出数字医疗发展中的严格限制和流程，G项“Not all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine. (并非所有的医疗保健应用程序都可以用作数字医疗)”符合语境，说明数字医疗有其限制，可引出后文。故选G。
【35题详解】
前文“With such protections in place, healthcare costs could be saved by marking unhealthy behaviours and helping people to make changes before diseases set in. (有了这些保护措施，就可以通过标记不健康行为并帮助人们在疾病发生之前做出改变来节省医疗费用)”说明使用数字医疗对于普通人的好处，后文“For researchers, the patterns that emerge will provide them with novel ideas for how best to build healthier habits and prevent diseases. (对于研究人员来说，出现的模式将为他们提供如何最好地建立更健康的习惯和预防疾病的新想法)”说明使用数字医疗对于研究者的好处，A项“For doctors, applying AI to the data from these apps could help them personalize patient care. (对于医生来说，将人工智能应用于这些应用程序的数据可以帮助他们个性化患者护理)”符合语境，说明使用数字医疗对于医生的好处，和前后文内容呼应。故选A。
第四部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第54、55题各2分，第56题3分，第：57题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
It is no secret that literary works, like many other pieces of art, are capable of making an emotional impact on their audience. One can say it is the ability to influence the reader’s mood that makes a story good and memorable.
A writer can show the optimistic nature of a fictional character in a variety of ways. Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality is among the most emotionally efficient means. Therefore, there is usually a juxtaposition between the imagined would of a book and readers’ world around them.
At times when the world is “all over the place” and causes severe stress for people, having the chance to immerse (使沉浸) oneself in to the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief. For example, during the peaks of the pandemic when the news media was reporting high numbers of infected patients as well as spiking ICU rates, more and more people wanted to shelter themselves from the reality and take a break from it. While escaping the world around us is not realistic for a long time, having an opportunity to escape just for some time is a luxury that literature can offer.
There are a large number of books that offer the safe escape into a fictional world and teach their readers that there are to unsolvable problems. The adventures through which the reader goes together with book characters often provide teachable lessons and underline the importance of remaining optimistic. As mentioned by Montgomery in Anne of Green Gables, “Tomorrow is always fresh, with no mistakes in it yet.” It illustrates that the characters of the book have made some mistakes and have harvested the consequences of them, but the next day is a new page with new opportunities.
36. What is one of the most emotionally efficient means in literature?
_________________________________________________________________
37. How can people get a relief when suffering from stress?
_________________________________________________________________
38. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
The adventures in literature help readers find solutions to problems and realize the importance of optimism.
_________________________________________________________________
39. Apart from optimism, what other benefit(s) have you got from literature? Why? (In about 40 words)
_________________________________________________________________
【答案】36. Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality.
37. Having the chance to immerse oneself in to the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief.
38. The adventures in literature help readers find solutions to problems and realize the importance of optimism. The adventures in the book let the reader know that there are many problems that cannot be solved.
39. Apart from optimism, literature has provided me with the benefit of empathy. Reading allows me to explore different perspectives, understand diverse characters, and develop a deeper understanding of human emotions and experiences, which ultimately helps me become more empathetic towards others.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了文学作品可以给读者带来的好处。
【36题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality is among the most emotionally efficient means.(在主角的个性和外部现实之间创造反差是最有效的情感手段之一)”可知，文学作品中最有效的情感表达方式是在主角的个性和外部现实之间创造反差。故答案为Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality。
【37题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“At times when the world is “all over the place” and causes severe stress for people, having the chance to immerse (使沉浸) oneself in to the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief.(有时候，当这个世界“到处都是”，给人们带来了巨大的压力时，有机会沉浸在虚构的世界里，花点时间和故事中的人物在一起，不失为一种解脱)”可知，当人们遭受压力时，有机会沉浸在虚构的世界里，花点时间和故事中的人物在一起能得到缓解。故答案为Having the chance to immerse oneself in to the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief.
【38题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“There are a large number of books that offer the safe escape into a fictional world and teach their readers that there are to unsolvable problems. The adventures through which the reader goes together with book characters often provide teachable lessons and underline the importance of remaining optimistic.(有大量的书提供了一个安全的逃避到一个虚构的世界，并告诉他们的读者有许多无法解决的问题。读者与书中人物一起经历的冒险往往提供了可教的教训，并强调了保持乐观的重要性)”可知，错误的部分为“solutions to problems”，书中的冒险让读者知道有许多无法解决的问题。故答案为The adventures in literature help readers find solutions to problems and realize the importance of optimism. The adventures in the book let the reader know that there are many problems that cannot be solved.
【39题详解】
考查开放题。根据“除了乐观，你还从文学中得到了什么好处？为什么？”可回答：除了乐观，文学还让我有了同理心。阅读让我探索不同的视角，了解不同的人物，对人类的情感和经历有了更深的理解，最终使我对他人更有同理心。故答案为Apart from optimism, literature has provided me with the benefit of empathy. Reading allows me to explore different perspectives, understand diverse characters, and develop a deeper understanding of human emotions and experiences, which ultimately helps me become more empathetic towards others.
第二节(20分)
40. 假设你是红星中学高二（1）班班长李华。你校国际部学生Jim率队在“世界青少年机器人技能竞赛”中荣获一等奖。你打算邀请他在班会上做一次经验分享。请你用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 发出邀请；
2. 告知班会日程并建议分享内容。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：世界青少年机器人技能竞赛the World Adolescent Robotics Competition (WARC)
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Jim,
Congratulations on your outstanding achievement in the World Adolescent Robotics Competition! I am writing to invite you to our upcoming class meeting as a special guest speaker. I believe in the great inspiration of your experience to our classmates.
Our class meeting will be held next Friday from 3 p.m. to 4 p.m. in No. 6 multifunctional media room. There will be three parts, including a warm-up activity, your presentation, and a question and answer session.
First of all, we expect you to talk about the preparation phase, from team formation to concept development and practice sessions. Besides, we would love to hear about the challenges you faced, the strategies you implemented, and the lessons you learned throughout the competition. If possible, please share some tips for improving robot-building skills.
Please let me know at your earliest convenience if you can join us.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生写一封邮件邀请国际部学生Jim在班会上分享率队在“世界青少年机器人技能竞赛”中获奖的经验，需发出邀请，告知班会日程，并为分享内容提供建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
出色的：outstanding→remarkable, extraordinary, exceptional
成就：achievement→attainment, accomplishment
即将到来的：upcoming→coming, approaching, forthcoming
首先：first of all→to begin with, in the first place, at first
此外：besides→what’s more, in addition, moreover
面临：face→encounter, experience
提高：improve→sharpen, enhance
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I believe in the great inspiration of your experience to our classmates.
拓展句：I believe that your experience will greatly inspire our classmates.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Besides, we would love to hear about the challenges you faced, the strategies you implemented, and the lessons you learned throughout the competition. (运用了关系代词that/which引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词challenges并被省略、关系代词that/which引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词strategies并被省略、关系代词that/which引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词lessons并被省略)
[高分句型2] If possible, please share some tips for improving robot-building skills. (运用了动名词短语improving…作for的宾语)
[高分句型3] Please let me know at your earliest convenience if you can join us. (运用了从属连词if引导条件状语从句)
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