2023-2024学年高三英语上学期开学适应性考试（五）含答案

这是一份2023-2024学年高三英语上学期开学适应性考试（五）含答案，共1页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37，B．On Wed等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考试时间：100分钟 满分：120 分
第I卷（选择题）
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Learn abut talks, wrkshps, drp-in hurs and ther events happening at the Libraries.
3D Print Certificatin(Registered Students Only) In-Persn
This small grup wrkshp is fr registered students nly. This sessin cvers the basics f 3D printing n ur Ultimaker machines. Yu must cmplete yur nline part f the certificatin n yur D2L... Mre
Date: Tuesday, June 13
Time: 5: 00 pm~6: 00 pm
Lcatin: Main B250-Learning Studi CATalyst, CATalyst Studis
Categries: CATalyst Certificatins
Cpyright fr Graduate Students Drp-in Hurs Online
Cpyright can be cnfusing, s we’re here t help. Drp in fr a casual 1-n-1 cnsultatin. Bring yur questins abut: Fair use-using cpyrighted material(text, images, vides,… ) Mre
Date: Wednesday, June 14
Time: 9: 00 am~10: 30 am
Lcatin: Research Engagement
Audience: graduate students
Categries: Cpyright Open Access Research &. Publishing
Cde Cmmns In-Persn
Cde Cmmns is a cmmunity f practice fr peple wrking with cde and building sftware. Cde Cmmns prvides a physical space fr cmmunity. Jin us t share experience,... Mre
Date: Thursday, June 15 Shw mre dates
Time: 2: 00 pm~6: 00 pm
Lcatin: CATalyst Studis
Categries: Cding
Funder(出资人) Plicies fr Open Research
Mst majr funding agencies nw require applicants t describe hw they will ensure that their data and/r publicatins will be made freely available. This presentatin prvides an verview f these plicies that impact anyne applying fr research funding.
Date: Saturday,June17
Time: 10: 00 am~10: 45 am
Lcatin: Main B201-Data Studi CATalyst
Categries: Data management
1．When can students attend the 3D Print Certificatin Sessin?
A．On Tue. June 13.B．On Wed. June 14.C．On Thur. June 15.D．On Sat. June 17.
2．Which ffers mre chices f time fr ptential attendees?
A．3D Print Certificatin.B．Cpyright fr Graduate Students.
C．Cde Cmmns.D．Funder Plicies fr Open Research.
3．Where shuld yu g if yu are interested in Funder Plicies fr Open Research?
A．CATalyst Studis.B．Research Engagement.
C．Main B250-Learning Studi CATalyst.D．Main B201-Data Studi CATalyst.
B
Well-knwn authr and Henric resident Meg Medina, wh wn the 2019 Newbery Medal, tday was named Natinal Ambassadr fr Yung Peple’s Literature fr 2023~2024. Medina’s mst recent bk, Merci Suárez Plays It Cl, was published in August 2022, cncluding her middle-schl trilgy(三部曲). Medina, wh has als written picture bks and fictin fr lder teens, will travel thrughut the USA, sharing her platfrm “Cuéntame!: Let’s Talk Bks.”
Medina will meet with children at every grade level fr cnversatins abut the bks they lve t read, encuraging them t mve beynd talking abut a bk’s title and basic plt pints t hw it made them feel r hw it’s similar-r dissimilar-t their wn lives.
The ambassadr prgram is mainly spnsred by the Library f Cngress. Clay Smith, directr f library initiatives fr the Library f Cngress, says ambassadrs have t be able t speak t thers abut reading and writing and t cmmunicate with children in particular. That’s where Medina shines, he says. “She knws hw kids think and hw they talk,” Smith says. “She’s able t access what’s happening with kids tday.”
Smith says that since the turn f the century, there’s been a surge in literature fr children, first at the high schl level and then during the middle schl readers. Additinally, there’re als a larger diversity f authrs writing fr children, which leads t pltlines and characters that mre accurately reflect the cuntry as a whle. “There’s been a push fr diversity”, Smith says. “The ptins shuld be ut there fr children t read stries abut peple wh lk like them”
Medina agrees children shuld be empwered t chse the bks they want t read fr pleasure. She hpes the cnversatins she has with children abut bks create the same satisfactin she felt as a child, while encuraging mre discussin.
4．What are teens mainly expected t fcus n during the talks abut bks?
A．The basic plt pints f the bks.B．Their pinins n the bks’ titles.
C．Their feelings abut the bks.D．The main cntents f the bks.
5．Why is Medina fit t be the ambassadr accrding t Clay Smith?
A．She is able t relate t children.B．She is gifted at writing.
C．She takes gd care f children.D．She knws a lt f authrs.
6．What des the underlined wrd “surge” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Change.B．Discvery.C．Decrease.D．Grwth.
7．What might make the ambassadr prgram pssible?
A．Kids’ truble in chsing bks.B．Mre diverse bks fr children.
C．Children’s demand fr gd bks.D．Mre impacts f reading n children.
C
The sperm whale is an astnishing creature. It’s lnger than a semi-truck, weighs mre than 90, 000 punds and is the largest member f the tthed whale family. It’s knwn t dive 6, 500 feet in search f fd, and t stay dwn there fr lnger than an hur at a time.
Perhaps mst fantastically, the sperm whale’s brain weighs as much as 20 punds-the biggest f any species n Earth. But when it cmes t brains, is size all that matters? There’s a lt we dn’t knw abut the sperm whale’s intelligence because it’s difficult t carry ut neurlgical (神经的) testing n such a huge marine mammal. But sme clues pint t sperm whales being much smarter than we give them credit fr.
A 2021 study published in Bilgy Letters, fr example, lked back t 19th-century histrical lgbks frm whalers. Researchers fund that sperm whales were at first easy t catch-but almst immediately, the whales learned hw t evade hunters and whaling success drpped by 60 percent. The study suggests that the whales passed infrmatin t ne anther thrugh sundwaves t avid being caught.
Animals that have big brains usually have a few things in cmmn. They usually live lng lives; fr example, sperm whales can live fr 70 years r lnger. Additinally, they’re capable f cmplex behavirs and they tend t be mre scia1. Whales may wrk tgether t hunt r cmmunicate in a language all their wn.
What’s mre, humans, whales and dlphins all have spindle neurns in their brains. These nerve cells make us capable f deeper thught, such as reasning skills, memry, cmmunicatin and adaptive thinking. And like humans, whales have emtinal intelligence- meaning they＇re capable f empathy, grief and sadness. Still, in prprtin t (与…成比例)ur bdy size, the human brain is bigger than that f the sperm whale.
Yet there’s still s much we dn’t knw abut hw smart sperm whales really are. And just like the whalers f a century ag, we have likely been underestimating marine mammals, whether large r small, fr as lng as we’ve knwn f their existence.
8．Why d peple knw little abut the sperm whale’s intelligence?
A．Sperm whales’ big size makes research difficult.
B．It didn’t attract scientists’ attentin until recently.
C．Whalers didn’t keep enugh recrds f their hunting.
D．Sperm whales usually stay deep dwn in the cean.
9．What des the underlined wrd “evade” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Track.B．Avid.C．Lcate.D．Trick.
10．What cnclusin can we draw frm paragraph 5?
A．The nerve cells distinguish humans frm animals.
B．Sperm whales have smaller brains than humans.
C．Spindle neurns make higher intelligence pssible.
D．Emtinal intelligence is unique t whales and humans.
11．Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A．Sperm Whales Are Astnishingly Smart
B．Sperm Whales Have the Biggest Brain
C．Break the Cde f Whale Language
D．Unlck the Mystery f Sea Mammals
D
As the cncept f emtinal intelligence (EI) has gne glbal, we’ve watched prfessinals fail as they try t imprve their emtinal intelligence because they either dn’t knw where t fcus their effrts r they haven’t understd hw t imprve these skills n a practical level. In ur wrk cnsulting with cmpanies and caching leaders, we have fund that if yu’re lking t develp particular EI strengths, it helps t cnsider areas fr imprvement thers have identified alng with the gals yu want t achieve-and then t actively build habits in thse areas rather than simply relying n understanding them cnceptually.
The first step is t get a sense f hw yur self-perceptin (hw yu see yurself) differs frm yur reputatin (hw thers see yu). This is especially true fr the develpment f EI because we can be blind t hw we express and read the emtinal cmpnents f ur interactins. Fr example, mst f us think that we’re gd listeners, but very ften that’s really nt the case. Withut this external reality check, it will be difficult fr yu t identify the ways that yur actins affect yur perfrmance. Getting feedback frm thers can als prvide prf f the necessity f shifting ur behavir and mtivatin t d s.
T give yu the best sense f where the differences lie between yur self-perceptin and reputatin, yu shuld use a 360-degree feedback assessment that takes int accunt the multiple aspects f EI. The key is t find ne t give yu feedback, which is fcused n develpment and nt n perfrmance assessment. And that can give yu a detailed understanding f hw ther peple’s assessments f yu differ frm yur wn assessments.
Secndly, when yu get yur feedback frm an assessment, let that infrm what yu want t imprve. But als cnsider what yur gals are. When it cmes t cultivating strengths in emtinal intelligence, yu’re at a huge disadvantage if yu’re nly interested because thers say yu shuld be. Yur emtinal intelligence is s tied up in yur sense f self that being intrinsically (内在的) mtivated t make the effrt matters mre when changing lngstanding habits than it des when simply learning a skill.
That means the areas that yu chse t actively wrk n shuld lie at the intersectin f the feedback yu’ve gtten and the areas that are mst imprtant t yur wn aspiratins. Understanding the influences f yur current EI habits relative t yur gals will keep yu ging ver a lng perid f time as yu d the wrk f strengthening yur emtinal intelligence.
12．What d we knw frm the first paragraph?
A．Prfessinals fail t understand the cncepts f EI.
B．EI plays a key rle in prfessinal develpment.
C．Leaders are badly in need f imprving their EI.
D．Yu knw hw t imprve EI better with thers’ help.
13．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is an “external reality check”?
A．Yu gt help frm yur parents when making a key decisin.
B．Yur teacher directed yu twards a better attitude in study.
C．Yu reflected yurself and made a New Year Reslutin.
D．Yur career develpment speeds up with the guidance f thers.
14．What’s the main idea f Paragraph 4?
A．It’s mst reliable t fllw yur inner call when yu want t imprve yur EI.
B．It’s hard fr thers t knw yur EI because it hides deeply behind yur inner sense.
C．When yu want t imprve EI, yu shuld take yur gals int cnsideratin.
D．Acquiring a new skill is mre significant than yur attempt t imprve yur EI.
15．Which f the fllwing might the authr agree with?
A．Effective EI develpment is determined by different factrs.
B．EI develpment is unlikely t happen unless yu knw what EI really is.
C．The imprtance f perfrmance assessment is underestimated.
D．Yur inner self discurages yu frm imprving yur EI.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I heard abut a high schl in Chicag where students had t pass a certain number f curses t graduate, and if they didn’t pass a curse, they gt the grade “Nt Yet”. I thught that was fantastic. 16 But if they gt the grade “Nt Yet”, they understd that they were n a learning curve.
“Nt Yet” als gave me mre insight. I wanted t see hw children cped with challenge and difficulty, s I gave 10-year-lds prblems that were slightly t hard fr them. Sme f them reacted in a shckingly psitive way. 17 They understd that their abilities culd be develped. They had what I call a grwth mindset. But ther students felt it was tragic. Frm their mre fixed mindset perspective, their intelligence had been up fr judgment and they failed.
I’ll tell yu what they d next. In ne study, they tld us they wuld prbably cheat then next time instead f studying mre if they failed a test. 18 Fr the fixed mindset students, there was hardly any. They ran frm errr. They didn’t engage with it. But the students with the grwth mindset engaged deeply, exhibiting increased electrical activity in their brains. They prcessed the errr and learned frm it.
19 First f all, we can praise wisely. Praise the prcess that kids engage in: their effrt, their strategies, their fcus, their perseverance, their imprvement. We can als change students’ mindsets. Research fund that students wh were nt taught grwth mindset cntinued t shw declining grades. 20
A．S what can we d?
B．The researchers explained tw mindsets.
C．They said things like, “I lve a challenge.”
D．If they cntinued, they wuld develp a negative mindset.
E．If they gt a failing grade, they wuld think: I’m nthing, I’m nwhere.
F．But thse wh learnt this lessn shwed a sharp rebund in their grades.
G．Scientists measured the electrical activity frm the brain as students cnfrnted an errr.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a kid, my life was like a kid adventure mvie. My parents always played the parts f 21 actrs in the mvie, leaving me as the shining star.
My father culd 22 anything even if he was nt a repairman. He always seemed t knw exactly where he was ging, and knew the mst efficient 23 t get there. I never heard him express any dubts. His air f 24 made ur hme a safe place.
But since I became a father myself, I’ve cme t 25 that my dad must have had mments f cnfusin. It never shwed, and we never talked abut it. I als began t 26 my father’s effrts as he wrked 27 t prvide fr his family. Later I 28 stries abut his dreams 29 in the name f being a “father”. Despite his talent in baseball, he gave up that 30 career t becme my dad. I began t understand the balancing act he faced: family vs. the dampened 31 f his wn sul. He 32 his persnal dream t g after what was cnsidered a higher calling — that f giving his kid a(n) 33 t fllw his dreams.
Nw I hpe t give my kids the greatest gift my father gave me — warm, gentle 34 f their childhd. N matter hw difficult their lives may becme later n, they’ll always be able t take 35 in thse sweet memries.
21．A．supprtingB．leadingC．tempraryD．ambitius
22．A．designB．purchaseC．fixD．change
23．A．systemB．serviceC．ruteD．prfit
24．A．braveryB．cnfidenceC．cmmitmentD．inspiratin
25．A．rememberB．expectC．imagineD．realize
26．A．ignreB．admitC．appreciateD．assess
27．A．legallyB．tirelesslyC．dubtfullyD．bravely
28．A．heardB．tldC．predictedD．cntinued
29．A．createdB．sacrificedC．transfrmedD．pursued
30．A．challengingB．frbiddingC．encuragingD．prmising
31．A．firesB．aspectsC．strengthsD．peaces
32．A．checked nB．believed inC．jumped atD．set aside
33．A．chiceB．pprtunityC．rewardD．present
34．A．memriesB．characterC．assistanceD．instructins
35．A．actinB．riskC．cmfrtD．care
第II卷（非选择题）
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the mdern. Frm Buddhist temples t museums, narrw hutng 36 ryal palaces, it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut, with the city keeping its carefully 37 (build) system f ring rads.
But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place 38 welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life, with 21st-century architectural 39 (wnder) standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
It is a distinct visual cntrast (反差) that shuldn’t wrk, 40 smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin. 41 (visit) several times ver the last 10 years, I 42 (amaze) by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while cnstantly grwing. As a phtgrapher, I have spent the last tw years 43 (recrd) everything I discvered.
The 44 (remark) develpment f this city, which is cnsciusly designed t prtect the past while stepping int the mdern wrld, 45 (mean) there is always smething new t discver here, and I culd be phtgraphing Beijing fr the next 50 years.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Jim在参加“学汉字大赛”（Chinese Characters Cmpetitin）前给你发邮件征求你的建议，但你因故未能及时回复。请你给他回复一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示歉意；
2.解释原因；
3.询问参赛情况。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jnathan’s mther died when he was very yung and his father brught him up. Bth f them shared a very special relatinship. Ftball was nt just a game fr Jnathan; it was a bnd between him and his father. Every match, regardless f whether he played r nt, his father wuld be there, a cnstant surce f firm supprt.
Thugh his size prevented him frm jining the main team, Jnathan’s determinatin burned brighter than ever. With each practice, he imprved his skills, fueled by the belief that smeday his perseverance wuld pay ff. Despite the dubts cast upn him, he pushed frward, never allwing anything t make his passin disappear.
One day, as the sun cast lng shadws n the field, the cach apprached Jnathan with a telegram (电报) in hand. The weight f the message pressed heavily n the yung man’s heart as he read the wrds that frever changed his wrld. He swallwed hard and his vice shk as he turned t the cach.
“My father... he died this mrning,” Jnathan uttered, his vice filled with srrw. His bdy trembled with the weight f his sadness, threatening t cnsume him. Tears flded his eyes, rlling dwn his cheeks.
The cach, understanding Jnathan’s lss, envelped him in a cmfrting embrace. The warmth f his arm arund Jnathan’s shulder prvided a temprary cmfrt. Sftly, the cach spke wrds f relief and understanding, giving Jnathan the time and space he needed t prcess his verwhelming srrw.
“Take the rest f the week ff, sn,” the cach said gently, his vice filled with sympathy. “And dn’t even plan t cme t the game n Saturday. Yur well-being matters mre than anything.”
On the day f the game, Jnathan’s cllege team was lsing badly t the ppnent team. The cach and the players had all lst hpe when they saw Jnathan cming twards them. Jnathan ran up t the cach and begged him t allw him t play this match.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At first, the cach wuldn’t allw him t play.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the match, the cach fund Jnathan in the crner f the lcker rm.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．A 2．C 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了图书馆的讲座、研讨会、临时活动和其他活动的具体信息。
1．细节理解题。从第一个小标题3D Print Certificatin(Registered Students Only)中的Date: Tuesday, June 13 Time: 5: 00 pm~6: 00 pm(日期：6月13日（周二）；时间：下午5：00~下午6：00 )可知，学生在6月13日，星期二参加3D打印认证。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据Cde Cmmns In-Persn中的“Date: Thursday, June 15 Shw mre dates(日期：6月15日，星期四，显示更多日期)”可知，在6月15日之外还有其他的日期供参与者选择，人们可以根据自己的时间灵活选择。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据Funder(出资人) Plicies fr Open Research中的“This presentatin prvides an verview f these plicies that impact anyne applying fr research funding. (本演讲概述了这些政策，这些政策会影响任何申请研究经费的人)”以及“Lcatin: Main B201-Data Studi CATalyst(地点：主B201-数据工作室CATalyst)”可知，如果对赞助方对开放研究政策感兴趣，可以去Main B201-Data Studi CATalyst，故选D项。
4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了著名作家Meg Medina被任命为2023 ~ 2024年度全国青年文学大使，她同意孩子们应该有权选择他们想读的书作为娱乐。她希望她与孩子们关于书籍的谈话能创造出和她小时候一样的满足感，同时鼓励更多的讨论。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Medina will meet with children at every grade level fr cnversatins abut the bks they lve t read, encuraging them t mve beynd talking abut a bk’s title and basic plt pints t hw it made them feel r hw it’s similar-r dissimilar-t their wn lives.(Medina会和每个年级的孩子们讨论他们喜欢读的书，鼓励他们不要只是讨论书的标题和基本情节点，而是讨论书给他们带来的感受，或者书与他们自己的生活有什么相似或不同。)”可知，在关于书籍的讨论中，青少年被期待重点关注他们对所读的书的感受，故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Clay Smith, directr f library initiatives fr the Library f Cngress, says ambassadrs have t be able t speak t thers abut reading and writing and t cmmunicate with children in particular. That’s where Medina shines, he says. “She knws hw kids think and hw they talk,” Smith says. “She’s able t access what’s happening with kids tday.”(美国国会图书馆图书馆项目主任克莱·史密斯说，大使必须能够与他人谈论阅读和写作，尤其是与儿童交流。这就是Medina的闪光点，他说。史密斯说：“她知道孩子们的想法和说话方式。”。“她能够了解今天孩子们的情况。”)”可推知，Medina适合担任大使的原因是：她能和孩子们交往。故选A。
6．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文和“Additinally, there’re als a larger diversity f authrs writing fr children, which leads t pltlines and characters that mre accurately reflect the cuntry as a whle(此外，还有更多为儿童写作的作家，这导致了情节和人物更准确地反映了整个国家)”可知，有更多为儿童写作的作家，这说明儿童文学的发展迅猛，由此可推知，划线单词“surge”意为“增加”，与D项“Grwth(增加)”意思一样，故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Smith says that since the turn f the century, there’s been a surge in literature fr children, first at the high schl level and then during the middle schl readers. Additinally, there’re als a larger diversity f authrs writing fr children, which leads t pltlines and characters that mre accurately reflect the cuntry as a whle.(史密斯说，自世纪之交以来，儿童文学的发展迅猛，首先是在高中阶段，然后是在中学阶段。此外，还有更多为儿童写作的作家，这导致了情节和人物更准确地反映了整个国家。)”可推知，儿童文学书籍的增加及多样性使该项目的实施成为可能，故选B。
8．A 9．B 10．C 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大型海洋动物——抹香鲸。研究人员发现，目前已有线索表明抹香鲸比人类所以为的要聪明得多。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“There’s a lt we dn’t knw abut the sperm whale’s intelligence because it’s difficult t carry ut neurlgical (神经的) testing n such a huge marine mammal.(我们对抹香鲸的智力知之甚少，因为很难对这样一种巨大的海洋哺乳动物进行神经学测试。)”可知，抹香鲸的巨大体型使得我们很难对它进行神经测试。故选A。
9．词义猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“whaling success drpped by 60 percent(捕鲸的成功率下降了60%)”可知，抹香鲸是学会了如何躲避捕鱼人。选项A“Track (跟踪)”；选项B“Avid (避免)”；选项C“Lcate (定位)”；选项D“Trick (戏弄)”。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“What’s mre, humans, whales and dlphins all have spindle neurns in their brains. These nerve cells make us capable f deeper thught, such as reasning skills, memry, cmmunicatin and adaptive thinking. And like humans, whales have emtinal intelligence- meaning they’re capable f empathy, grief and sadness. (更重要的是，人类、鲸鱼和海豚的大脑中都有纺锤形神经元。这些神经细胞使我们能够进行更深入的思考，比如推理技能、记忆、沟通和适应性思维。和人类一样，鲸鱼也有情商——这意味着它们能够感同身受、悲伤和悲伤。)”可知，纺锤形神经元使生物能够进行深入思考和适应性思维等，而这一切，使得生物会具有一定智商。故选C。
11．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“But sme clues pint t sperm whales being much smarter than we give them credit fr.(但一些线索表明抹香鲸比我们想象的要聪明得多。)”、第三段“The study suggests that the whales passed infrmatin t ne anther thrugh sundwaves t avid being caught.(研究表明，鲸鱼通过声波相互传递信息，以避免被捕获。)”、第四段“Additinally, they’re capable f cmplex behavirs and they tend t be mre scia1. Whales may wrk tgether t hunt r cmmunicate in a language all their wn.(此外，它们有能力做出复杂的行为，而且往往更善于社交。鲸鱼可能会一起捕猎，或者用它们自己的语言交流。)”以及第五段“What’s mre, humans, whales and dlphins all have spindle neurns in their brains. These nerve cells make us capable f deeper thught, such as reasning skills, memry, cmmunicatin and adaptive thinking.(更重要的是，人类、鲸鱼和海豚的大脑中都有纺锤形神经元。这些神经细胞使我们能够进行更深入的思考，比如推理技能、记忆、沟通和适应性思维。)”可知，文章主要讲述了抹香鲸是一种高智商的生物，极其聪明。故选A。
12．D 13．B 14．C 15．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了发展特定的情商优势的方法。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“In ur wrk cnsulting with cmpanies and caching leaders, we have fund that if yu’re lking t develp particular EI strengths, it helps t cnsider areas fr imprvement thers have identified alng with the gals yu want t achieve-and then t actively build habits in thse areas rather than simply relying n understanding them cnceptually.(在与公司咨询和指导领导者的工作中，我们发现，如果你想要发展特定的EI优势，考虑其他人已经确定的改进领域以及你想要实现的目标，然后积极地在这些领域建立习惯，而不是简单地依赖于概念上的理解是有帮助的。)”可知，你知道如何在别人的帮助下更好地提高情商。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段的“This is especially true fr the develpment f EI because we can be blind t hw we express and read the emtinal cmpnents f ur interactins.(对于EI的发展来说尤其如此，因为我们可能对我们如何表达和阅读我们互动中的情感成分视而不见。)”和“Getting feedback frm thers can als prvide prf f the necessity f shifting ur behavir and mtivatin t d s.(从别人那里得到反馈也可以证明我们改变行为的必要性和动机。)”可知，划线词所在句子意为“如果没有这种外部现实检查，你将很难确定你的行为是如何影响你的表现的。”，因此external reality check指的是“外部现实检查”，你的老师教导你要有更好的学习态度就是一种外部现实检查。故选B。
14．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Secndly, when yu get yur feedback frm an assessment, let that infrm what yu want t imprve. But als cnsider what yur gals are.(其次，当你从评估中得到反馈时，让它告诉你想要改进的地方。但也要考虑你的目标是什么。)”可知，第四段主要讲述了当你想要提高EI时，你应该考虑你的目标。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In ur wrk cnsulting with cmpanies and caching leaders, we have fund that if yu’re lking t develp particular EI strengths, it helps t cnsider areas fr imprvement thers have identified alng with the gals yu want t achieve-and then t actively build habits in thse areas rather than simply relying n understanding them cnceptually.(在与公司咨询和指导领导者的工作中，我们发现，如果你想要发展特定的EI优势，考虑其他人已经确定的改进领域以及你想要实现的目标，然后积极地在这些领域建立习惯，而不是简单地依赖于概念上的理解是有帮助的。)”可知，作者可能会同意的是有效的EI发展取决于不同的因素。故选A。
16．E 17．C 18．G 19．A 20．F
【导语】本篇为说明文。文章主要介绍了“Nt Yet”评分方式能对学生产生积极的自我认识，而这是一种成长型思维模式，是对学生有利的。要做到这种效果，需要适时的在具体方面给与学生赞扬，也需要及时帮助学生改变成为成长型思维模式。
16．根据后文“But if they gt the grade “Nt Yet”, they understd that they were n a learning curve.(但如果他们得到的分数是“还没有”，他们就会明白自己处在一个学习曲线上。)”可知，“Nt Yet”是对没有通过考试的学生的一种“正面”评分，这是与传统意义上的“不及格”或“没通过”对比而来的，由此可推知，设空句应提及传统评分“不及格”，与之构成对比关系。选项E“If they gt a failing grade, they wuld think: I’m nthing, I’m nwhere.(如果他们的成绩不及格，他们会想：我什么都不是，我一无是处。)”既提及了核心词“failing”，也讲述了其负面影响，与后文构成对比关系，前后衔接紧密。故选E项。
17．根据前文“Sme f them reacted in a shckingly psitive way.(其中一些人的反应非常积极。)”可推知，设空句应进一步讲述积极的反应是什么样的。选项C“They said things like, ‘I lve a challenge.’(他们说：“我喜欢挑战。”)”与上文的“psitive”的反应一致，符合分析。故选C项。
18．根据后文“Fr the fixed mindset students, there was hardly any.(对于固定思维模式的学生来说，几乎没有。)”，以及“But the students with the grwth mindset engaged deeply, exhibiting increased electrical activity in their brains.(而拥有成长型思维模式的学生则参与得非常深入，他们的脑电活动有所增加。)”讲述了两组学生在一项研究中的观察结果，由此可推知，设空句应提及该研究，即“脑电活动”。选项G“Scientists measured the electrical activity frm the brain as students cnfrnted an errr.(科学家们测量了孩子们面对错误时的脑电波活动。)”提及了研究项目“测量孩子们面对错误时的脑电波活动”，符合分析。故选G项。
19．分析可知，设空句为该段主旨句。根据后文“First f all, we can praise wisely.(首先，我们可以明智地赞美。)”以及“We can als change students’ mindsets.(我们还可以改变学生的思维模式。)”可知，全段讲到底该如何做。选项A“S what can we d?(那么我们该怎么做呢？)”可作该段主旨句。故选A项。
20．根据前文“We can als change students’ mindsets.(我们还可以改变学生的思维模式。)”提出了应该改变学生的思维模式，而前一句“Research fund that students wh were nt taught grwth mindset cntinued t shw declining grades.(研究发现，没有接受成长型思维模式教育的学生成绩持续下降。)”提到的是不被改变思维模式的学生的下降表现，那么设空句应该讲述被改变思维模式的学生的积极表现。选项F“But thse wh learnt this lessn shwed a sharp rebund in their grades.(但那些吸取了这一教训的学生，他们的成绩出现了大幅反弹。)”提出了改变思维模式之后的积极方面，在逻辑结构方面与前文构成转折，符合分析。故选F项。
21．A 22．C 23．C 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．B 30．D 31．A 32．D 33．B 34．A 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的父亲为了家庭和孩子放弃自己的梦想的故事。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的父母总是在电影中扮演配角，让我成为最闪亮的明星。A. supprting辅助性的；B. leading主要的；C. temprary临时的；D. ambitius有抱负的。根据上文“my life was like a kid adventure mvie”和句中“leaving me as the shining star.”可知，父母是作者的儿童冒险电影中的配角；supprting actr“配角”。故选A项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使我父亲不是修理工，他也会修理任何东西。A. design设计；B. purchase购买；C. fix修理；D. change改变。根据句中“ even if he was nt a repairman”可知，父亲会修理东西。故选C项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他似乎总是清楚地知道自己要去哪里，也知道到达那里的最有效路线。A. system系统；B. service服务；C. rute路线；D. prfit利润。根据句中“knw exactly where he was ging”和“t get there.”可知，父亲知道最有效的路线。故选C项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的自信使我们家变得安全。A. bravery勇气；B. cnfidence信心；C. cmmitment承诺；D. inspiratin灵感。根据上文“I never heard him express any dubts.”可知，父亲非常自信。故选B项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但自从我自己当了父亲后，我开始意识到我父亲一定有过困惑的时候。A. remember记住；B. expect期望；C. imagine想象；D. realize意识到。上文讲作者觉得父亲非常自信，结合句中“my dad must have had mments f cnfusin”可知，作者自己当了爸爸后，意识到父亲其实也有困惑的时候。故选D项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也开始感激父亲的努力，因为他不知疲倦地工作来养家糊口。A. ignre忽视；B. admit承认；C. appreciate感激；D. assess评估。根据句中“my father’s effrts as he wrked 7 t prvide fr his family”可知，作者感激父亲为家庭作出的努力。故选C项。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我也开始感激父亲的努力，因为他不知疲倦地工作来养家糊口。A. legally合法地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. dubtfully怀疑地；D. bravely勇敢地。根据句中“my father’s effrts”和“prvide fr his family”可推知，父亲不知疲倦地工作来养家糊口。故选B项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我听到了他为了做一个“父亲”而牺牲梦想的故事。A. heard听到；B. tld告诉；C. predicted预测；D. cntinued继续。根据句中“stries abut his dreams”可知，作者听到关于父亲的梦想的故事。故选A项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我听到了他为了做一个“父亲”而牺牲梦想的故事。A. created创造；B. sacrificed牺牲；C. transfrmed改变；D. pursued追求。根据下文“Despite his talent in baseball, he gave up...”可知，父亲放弃了自己的天分，牺牲了自己的梦想。故选B项。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他在棒球方面很有天赋，但他放弃了那个有前途的职业，成为了我的父亲。A. challenging具有挑战性的；B. frbidding禁止的；C. encuraging鼓舞人心的；D. prmising有前途的。根据句中“his talent in baseball”可知，父亲在棒球方面很有天赋，棒球是更有前途的职业。故选D项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始明白他所面临的平衡：家庭与他自己灵魂中被抑制的激情。A. fires激情，热情；B. aspects方面；C. strengths优势；D. peaces和平。根据上文“Despite his talent in baseball”和下文“his persnal dream”可知，父亲在家庭和自己的棒球梦想，自己的激情之间平衡，最后选择了家庭。故选A项。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他把自己的个人梦想放在一边，去追求被认为是更高的使命——给他的孩子一个追随梦想的机会。A. checked n检查；B. believed in相信；C. jumped at抓住；D. set aside把……放在一边；把……抛在脑后。根据上文“Despite his talent in baseball, he gave up that 10 career t becme my dad.”和“t g after what was cnsidered a higher calling”可知，父亲把个人梦想放到了一边。故选D项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把自己的个人梦想放在一边，去追求被认为是更高的使命——给他的孩子一个追随梦想的机会。A. chice选择；B. pprtunity机会；C. reward奖励；D. present现在。根据句中“t fllw his dreams.”可知，父亲想要给作者追逐梦想的机会。故选B项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我希望把父亲给我的最好的礼物——温暖、温柔的童年回忆——送给孩子们。A. memries记忆；B. character性格；C. assistance协助；D. instructins指示。根据下文“they’ll always be able t take 15 in thse sweet memries.”可知，作者想像父亲一样，给自己的孩子留下温暖、温柔的童年回忆。故选A项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管他们以后的生活有多困难，他们都能从这些甜蜜的回忆中得到安慰。A. actin行动；B. risk风险；C. cmfrt安慰；D. care小心。根据句中“sweet memries”可知，这些记忆能给人带来安慰。故选C项。
36．t 37．built 38．which/that 39．wnders 40．but 41．Having visited 42．was amazed 43．recrding 44．remarkable 45．means
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合，同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了这座城市的变化，并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。
36．考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“Frm Buddhist temples t museums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词t。故填t。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system f ring rads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。
38．考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
39．考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“histrical buildings f the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wnders。
40．考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual cntrast (反差) that shuldn’t wrk,”和空后“smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“ver the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。
42．考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while cnstantly grwing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) ding sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recrding。
44．考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“develpment f this city”。故填remarkable。
45．考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“develpment”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
【点睛】
46．Dear Jim,
I am writing t say srry t yu. I failed t reply t yur email in time because I gt a severe cld last week and didn’t get better until yesterday. Therefre, I missed yur email and didn’t give yu any advice abut the Chinese Characters Cmpetitin.
Anyway, hw was yur perfrmance in the cmpetitin? Yu must have dne well, fr yu are very diligent and have learned Chinese fr years. I will always have yur back as yu will always have mine.
Lking frward t yur reply!
Yurs ,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的道歉信。要求考生给英国朋友 Jim写封邮件，表达自己未能及时回复Jim邮件的歉意，并解释原因以及询问参赛情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
因此：therefre→ thus
建议：advice→ suggestin
勤奋的：diligent→ hardwrking
支持：have sb. back→ supprt sb.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Anyway, hw was yur perfrmance in the cmpetitin?
拓展句：Anyway, I wnder hw yur perfrmance was in the cmpetitin.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I failed t reply t yur email in time because I gt a severe cld last week and didn’t get better until yesterday.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】Yu must have dne well, fr yu are very diligent and have learned Chinese fr years.（运用了fr引导的原因状语从句）
47．Pssible versin：
At first, the cach wuldn’t allw him t play. Hwever after a lt f persuasin, the cach gave in. N sner had Jnathan jined the team in the field, their scres started t imprve befre bth the teams were n a tie. Hwever, the real cheer came during the crucial clsing secnds when he stpped a pass and ran all the way fr the winning gal. His team members were thrilled. The crwd came running twards him t celebrate the win.
After the match, the cach fund Jnathan in the crner f the lcker rm. He asked, “Kid, I can’t believe it. Yu were fantastic! Tell me what gt int yu? Hw did yu d it?” He lked at the cach, with tears in his eyes, and said, “Well, yu knew my dad died, but did yu knw that my dad was blind?” The yung man swallwed hard and frced a smile, “Dad came t all my games,but tday was the first time he culd see me play, and I wanted t shw him I culd d it!”
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jnathan和他的父亲相依为命，而当一天Jnathan的足球教练告诉他父亲去世的消息并要求Jnathan停赛一周休息，但Jnathan坚持想参加比赛。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由续写第一段首句“起初，教练不允许他参加比赛。”可以预测续写第一段主要内容：Jnathan说服教练让自己参加比赛并通过自己和队员的努力赢得了比赛。
②由第二段首句“比赛结束后，教练在更衣室的角落里发现了Jnathan。”可以预测续写第二段主要内容：教练问Jnathan这次取胜的秘诀，然后Jnathan解释是为了让在天堂的爸爸看到自己的比赛。
2.续写线索：教练让Jnathan休息——Jnathan主动说服教练并参赛——Jnathan和队员赢得比赛——教练问Jnathan获胜秘诀——Jnathan解释原因
3.词汇激活
行为类
①屈服：give in/give way /yield
②跑：run / race/rush
③看：lk at/stare at/gaze at
情绪类
①兴奋的：thrilled/excited/verjyed
②极好的：fantastic/excellent/wnderful
【点睛】[高分句型1] Hwever, the real cheer came during the crucial clsing secnds when he stpped a pass and ran all the way fr the winning gal. （运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]The crwd came running twards him t celebrate the win.（运用了不定式作目的状语）
[高分句型3]Well, yu knew my dad died, but did yu knw that my dad was blind?（运用了that引导的宾语从句）