2023-2024学年高三英语上学期开学适应性考试（五）

这是一份2023-2024学年高三英语上学期开学适应性考试（五），共20页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37，B．On Wed等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023-2024学年高三英语上学期开学适应性考试（五）

考试时间：100分钟 满分：120 分
第I卷（选择题）
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Learn about talks, workshops, drop-in hours and other events happening at the Libraries.
3D Print Certification(Registered Students Only) In-Person
This small group workshop is for registered students only. This session covers the basics of 3D printing on our Ultimaker machines. You must complete your online part of the certification on your D2L... More
Date: Tuesday, June 13
Time: 5: 00 pm~6: 00 pm
Location: Main B250-Learning Studio CATalyst, CATalyst Studios
Categories: CATalyst Certifications
Copyright for Graduate Students Drop-in Hours Online
Copyright can be confusing, so we’re here to help. Drop in for a casual 1-on-1 copyright consultation. Bring your questions about: Fair use-using copyrighted material(text, images, videos,… ) More
Date: Wednesday, June 14
Time: 9: 00 am~10: 30 am
Location: Research Engagement
Audience: graduate students
Categories: Copyright Open Access Research &. Publishing
Code Commons In-Person
Code Commons is a community of practice for people working with code and building software. Code Commons provides a physical space for community. Join us to share experience,... More
Date: Thursday, June 15 Show more dates
Time: 2: 00 pm~6: 00 pm
Location: CATalyst Studios
Categories: Coding
Funder(出资人) Policies for Open Research
Most major funding agencies now require applicants to describe how they will ensure that their data and/or publications will be made freely available. This presentation provides an overview of these policies that impact anyone applying for research funding.
Date: Saturday,June17
Time: 10: 00 am~10: 45 am
Location: Main B201-Data Studio CATalyst
Categories: Data management
1．When can students attend the 3D Print Certification Session?
A．On Tue. June 13. B．On Wed. June 14. C．On Thur. June 15. D．On Sat. June 17.
2．Which offers more choices of time for potential attendees?
A．3D Print Certification. B．Copyright for Graduate Students.
C．Code Commons. D．Funder Policies for Open Research.
3．Where should you go if you are interested in Funder Policies for Open Research?
A．CATalyst Studios. B．Research Engagement.
C．Main B250-Learning Studio CATalyst. D．Main B201-Data Studio CATalyst.
B
Well-known author and Henrico resident Meg Medina, who won the 2019 Newbery Medal, today was named National Ambassador for Young People’s Literature for 2023~2024. Medina’s most recent book, Merci Suárez Plays It Cool, was published in August 2022, concluding her middle-school trilogy(三部曲). Medina, who has also written picture books and fiction for older teens, will travel throughout the USA, sharing her platform “Cuéntame!: Let’s Talk Books.”
Medina will meet with children at every grade level for conversations about the books they love to read, encouraging them to move beyond talking about a book’s title and basic plot points to how it made them feel or how it’s similar-or dissimilar-to their own lives.
The ambassador program is mainly sponsored by the Library of Congress. Clay Smith, director of library initiatives for the Library of Congress, says ambassadors have to be able to speak to others about reading and writing and to communicate with children in particular. That’s where Medina shines, he says. “She knows how kids think and how they talk,” Smith says. “She’s able to access what’s happening with kids today.”
Smith says that since the turn of the century, there’s been a surge in literature for children, first at the high school level and then during the middle school readers. Additionally, there’re also a larger diversity of authors writing for children, which leads to plotlines and characters that more accurately reflect the country as a whole. “There’s been a push for diversity”, Smith says. “The options should be out there for children to read stories about people who look like them”
Medina agrees children should be empowered to choose the books they want to read for pleasure. She hopes the conversations she has with children about books create the same satisfaction she felt as a child, while encouraging more discussion.
4．What are teens mainly expected to focus on during the talks about books?
A．The basic plot points of the books. B．Their opinions on the books’ titles.
C．Their feelings about the books. D．The main contents of the books.
5．Why is Medina fit to be the ambassador according to Clay Smith?
A．She is able to relate to children. B．She is gifted at writing.
C．She takes good care of children. D．She knows a lot of authors.
6．What does the underlined word “surge” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Change. B．Discovery. C．Decrease. D．Growth.
7．What might make the ambassador program possible?
A．Kids’ trouble in choosing books. B．More diverse books for children.
C．Children’s demand for good books. D．More impacts of reading on children.
C
The sperm whale is an astonishing creature. It’s longer than a semi-truck, weighs more than 90, 000 pounds and is the largest member of the toothed whale family. It’s known to dive 6, 500 feet in search of food, and to stay down there for longer than an hour at a time.
Perhaps most fantastically, the sperm whale’s brain weighs as much as 20 pounds-the biggest of any species on Earth. But when it comes to brains, is size all that matters? There’s a lot we don’t know about the sperm whale’s intelligence because it’s difficult to carry out neurological (神经的) testing on such a huge marine mammal. But some clues point to sperm whales being much smarter than we give them credit for.
A 2021 study published in Biology Letters, for example, looked back to 19th-century historical logbooks from whalers. Researchers found that sperm whales were at first easy to catch-but almost immediately, the whales learned how to evade hunters and whaling success dropped by 60 percent. The study suggests that the whales passed information to one another through soundwaves to avoid being caught.
Animals that have big brains usually have a few things in common. They usually live long lives; for example, sperm whales can live for 70 years or longer. Additionally, they’re capable of complex behaviors and they tend to be more socia1. Whales may work together to hunt or communicate in a language all their own.
What’s more, humans, whales and dolphins all have spindle neurons in their brains. These nerve cells make us capable of deeper thought, such as reasoning skills, memory, communication and adaptive thinking. And like humans, whales have emotional intelligence- meaning they＇re capable of empathy, grief and sadness. Still, in proportion to (与…成比例)our body size, the human brain is bigger than that of the sperm whale.
Yet there’s still so much we don’t know about how smart sperm whales really are. And just like the whalers of a century ago, we have likely been underestimating marine mammals, whether large or small, for as long as we’ve known of their existence.
8．Why do people know little about the sperm whale’s intelligence?
A．Sperm whales’ big size makes research difficult.
B．It didn’t attract scientists’ attention until recently.
C．Whalers didn’t keep enough records of their hunting.
D．Sperm whales usually stay deep down in the ocean.
9．What does the underlined word “evade” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Track. B．Avoid. C．Locate. D．Trick.
10．What conclusion can we draw from paragraph 5?
A．The nerve cells distinguish humans from animals.
B．Sperm whales have smaller brains than humans.
C．Spindle neurons make higher intelligence possible.
D．Emotional intelligence is unique to whales and humans.
11．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．Sperm Whales Are Astonishingly Smart
B．Sperm Whales Have the Biggest Brain
C．Break the Code of Whale Language
D．Unlock the Mystery of Sea Mammals
D
As the concept of emotional intelligence (EI) has gone global, we’ve watched professionals fail as they try to improve their emotional intelligence because they either don’t know where to focus their efforts or they haven’t understood how to improve these skills on a practical level. In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you’re looking to develop particular EI strengths, it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve-and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.
The first step is to get a sense of how your self-perception (how you see yourself) differs from your reputation (how others see you). This is especially true for the development of EI because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions. For example, most of us think that we’re good listeners, but very often that’s really not the case. Without this external reality check, it will be difficult for you to identify the ways that your actions affect your performance. Getting feedback from others can also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so.
To give you the best sense of where the differences lie between your self-perception and reputation, you should use a 360-degree feedback assessment that takes into account the multiple aspects of EI. The key is to find one to give you feedback, which is focused on development and not on performance assessment. And that can give you a detailed understanding of how other people’s assessments of you differ from your own assessments.
Secondly, when you get your feedback from an assessment, let that inform what you want to improve. But also consider what your goals are. When it comes to cultivating strengths in emotional intelligence, you’re at a huge disadvantage if you’re only interested because others say you should be. Your emotional intelligence is so tied up in your sense of self that being intrinsically (内在的) motivated to make the effort matters more when changing longstanding habits than it does when simply learning a skill.
That means the areas that you choose to actively work on should lie at the intersection of the feedback you’ve gotten and the areas that are most important to your own aspirations. Understanding the influences of your current EI habits relative to your goals will keep you going over a long period of time as you do the work of strengthening your emotional intelligence.
12．What do we know from the first paragraph?
A．Professionals fail to understand the concepts of EI.
B．EI plays a key role in professional development.
C．Leaders are badly in need of improving their EI.
D．You know how to improve EI better with others’ help.
13．According to the passage, which of the following is an “external reality check”?
A．You got help from your parents when making a key decision.
B．Your teacher directed you towards a better attitude in study.
C．You reflected yourself and made a New Year Resolution.
D．Your career development speeds up with the guidance of others.
14．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4?
A．It’s most reliable to follow your inner call when you want to improve your EI.
B．It’s hard for others to know your EI because it hides deeply behind your inner sense.
C．When you want to improve EI, you should take your goals into consideration.
D．Acquiring a new skill is more significant than your attempt to improve your EI.
15．Which of the following might the author agree with?
A．Effective EI development is determined by different factors.
B．EI development is unlikely to happen unless you know what EI really is.
C．The importance of performance assessment is underestimated.
D．Your inner self discourages you from improving your EI.

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I heard about a high school in Chicago where students had to pass a certain number of courses to graduate, and if they didn’t pass a course, they got the grade “Not Yet”. I thought that was fantastic. 16 But if they got the grade “Not Yet”, they understood that they were on a learning curve.
“Not Yet” also gave me more insight. I wanted to see how children coped with challenge and difficulty, so I gave 10-year-olds problems that were slightly too hard for them. Some of them reacted in a shockingly positive way. 17 They understood that their abilities could be developed. They had what I call a growth mindset. But other students felt it was tragic. From their more fixed mindset perspective, their intelligence had been up for judgment and they failed.
I’ll tell you what they do next. In one study, they told us they would probably cheat then next time instead of studying more if they failed a test. 18 For the fixed mindset students, there was hardly any. They ran from error. They didn’t engage with it. But the students with the growth mindset engaged deeply, exhibiting increased electrical activity in their brains. They processed the error and learned from it.
19 First of all, we can praise wisely. Praise the process that kids engage in: their effort, their strategies, their focus, their perseverance, their improvement. We can also change students’ mindsets. Research found that students who were not taught growth mindset continued to show declining grades. 20
A．So what can we do?
B．The researchers explained two mindsets.
C．They said things like, “I love a challenge.”
D．If they continued, they would develop a negative mindset.
E．If they got a failing grade, they would think: I’m nothing, I’m nowhere.
F．But those who learnt this lesson showed a sharp rebound in their grades.
G．Scientists measured the electrical activity from the brain as students confronted an error.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a kid, my life was like a kid adventure movie. My parents always played the parts of 21 actors in the movie, leaving me as the shining star.
My father could 22 anything even if he was not a repairman. He always seemed to know exactly where he was going, and knew the most efficient 23 to get there. I never heard him express any doubts. His air of 24 made our home a safe place.
But since I became a father myself, I’ve come to 25 that my dad must have had moments of confusion. It never showed, and we never talked about it. I also began to 26 my father’s efforts as he worked 27 to provide for his family. Later I 28 stories about his dreams 29 in the name of being a “father”. Despite his talent in baseball, he gave up that 30 career to become my dad. I began to understand the balancing act he faced: family vs. the dampened 31 of his own soul. He 32 his personal dream to go after what was considered a higher calling — that of giving his kid a(n) 33 to follow his dreams.
Now I hope to give my kids the greatest gift my father gave me — warm, gentle 34 of their childhood. No matter how difficult their lives may become later on, they’ll always be able to take 35 in those sweet memories.
21．A．supporting B．leading C．temporary D．ambitious
22．A．design B．purchase C．fix D．change
23．A．system B．service C．route D．profit
24．A．bravery B．confidence C．commitment D．inspiration
25．A．remember B．expect C．imagine D．realize
26．A．ignore B．admit C．appreciate D．assess
27．A．legally B．tirelessly C．doubtfully D．bravely
28．A．heard B．told C．predicted D．continued
29．A．created B．sacrificed C．transformed D．pursued
30．A．challenging B．forbidding C．encouraging D．promising
31．A．fires B．aspects C．strengths D．peaces
32．A．checked on B．believed in C．jumped at D．set aside
33．A．choice B．opportunity C．reward D．present
34．A．memories B．character C．assistance D．instructions
35．A．action B．risk C．comfort D．care
第II卷（非选择题）
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 36 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 37 (build) system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 38 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 39 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 40 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 41 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 42 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 43   (record) everything I discovered.
The 44 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 45 (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Jim在参加“学汉字大赛”（Chinese Characters Competition）前给你发邮件征求你的建议，但你因故未能及时回复。请你给他回复一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示歉意；
2.解释原因；
3.询问参赛情况。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第二节(满分25分)
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jonathan’s mother died when he was very young and his father brought him up. Both of them shared a very special relationship. Football was not just a game for Jonathan; it was a bond between him and his father. Every match, regardless of whether he played or not, his father would be there, a constant source of firm support.
Though his size prevented him from joining the main team, Jonathan’s determination burned brighter than ever. With each practice, he improved his skills, fueled by the belief that someday his perseverance would pay off. Despite the doubts cast upon him, he pushed forward, never allowing anything to make his passion disappear.
One day, as the sun cast long shadows on the field, the coach approached Jonathan with a telegram (电报) in hand. The weight of the message pressed heavily on the young man’s heart as he read the words that forever changed his world. He swallowed hard and his voice shook as he turned to the coach.
“My father... he died this morning,” Jonathan uttered, his voice filled with sorrow. His body trembled with the weight of his sadness, threatening to consume him. Tears flooded his eyes, rolling down his cheeks.
The coach, understanding Jonathan’s loss, enveloped him in a comforting embrace. The warmth of his arm around Jonathan’s shoulder provided a temporary comfort. Softly, the coach spoke words of relief and understanding, giving Jonathan the time and space he needed to process his overwhelming sorrow.
“Take the rest of the week off, son,” the coach said gently, his voice filled with sympathy. “And don’t even plan to come to the game on Saturday. Your well-being matters more than anything.”
On the day of the game, Jonathan’s college team was losing badly to the opponent team. The coach and the players had all lost hope when they saw Jonathan coming towards them. Jonathan ran up to the coach and begged him to allow him to play this match.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At first, the coach wouldn’t allow him to play.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the match, the coach found Jonathan in the corner of the locker room.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．A 2．C 3．D

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了图书馆的讲座、研讨会、临时活动和其他活动的具体信息。
1．细节理解题。从第一个小标题3D Print Certification(Registered Students Only)中的Date: Tuesday, June 13 Time: 5: 00 pm~6: 00 pm(日期：6月13日（周二）；时间：下午5：00~下午6：00 )可知，学生在6月13日，星期二参加3D打印认证。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据Code Commons In-Person中的“Date: Thursday, June 15 Show more dates(日期：6月15日，星期四，显示更多日期)”可知，在6月15日之外还有其他的日期供参与者选择，人们可以根据自己的时间灵活选择。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据Funder(出资人) Policies for Open Research中的“This presentation provides an overview of these policies that impact anyone applying for research funding. (本演讲概述了这些政策，这些政策会影响任何申请研究经费的人)”以及“Location: Main B201-Data Studio CATalyst(地点：主B201-数据工作室CATalyst)”可知，如果对赞助方对开放研究政策感兴趣，可以去Main B201-Data Studio CATalyst，故选D项。
4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了著名作家Meg Medina被任命为2023 ~ 2024年度全国青年文学大使，她同意孩子们应该有权选择他们想读的书作为娱乐。她希望她与孩子们关于书籍的谈话能创造出和她小时候一样的满足感，同时鼓励更多的讨论。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Medina will meet with children at every grade level for conversations about the books they love to read, encouraging them to move beyond talking about a book’s title and basic plot points to how it made them feel or how it’s similar-or dissimilar-to their own lives.(Medina会和每个年级的孩子们讨论他们喜欢读的书，鼓励他们不要只是讨论书的标题和基本情节点，而是讨论书给他们带来的感受，或者书与他们自己的生活有什么相似或不同。)”可知，在关于书籍的讨论中，青少年被期待重点关注他们对所读的书的感受，故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Clay Smith, director of library initiatives for the Library of Congress, says ambassadors have to be able to speak to others about reading and writing and to communicate with children in particular. That’s where Medina shines, he says. “She knows how kids think and how they talk,” Smith says. “She’s able to access what’s happening with kids today.”(美国国会图书馆图书馆项目主任克莱·史密斯说，大使必须能够与他人谈论阅读和写作，尤其是与儿童交流。这就是Medina的闪光点，他说。史密斯说：“她知道孩子们的想法和说话方式。”。“她能够了解今天孩子们的情况。”)”可推知，Medina适合担任大使的原因是：她能和孩子们交往。故选A。
6．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文和“Additionally, there’re also a larger diversity of authors writing for children, which leads to plotlines and characters that more accurately reflect the country as a whole(此外，还有更多为儿童写作的作家，这导致了情节和人物更准确地反映了整个国家)”可知，有更多为儿童写作的作家，这说明儿童文学的发展迅猛，由此可推知，划线单词“surge”意为“增加”，与D项“Growth(增加)”意思一样，故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Smith says that since the turn of the century, there’s been a surge in literature for children, first at the high school level and then during the middle school readers. Additionally, there’re also a larger diversity of authors writing for children, which leads to plotlines and characters that more accurately reflect the country as a whole.(史密斯说，自世纪之交以来，儿童文学的发展迅猛，首先是在高中阶段，然后是在中学阶段。此外，还有更多为儿童写作的作家，这导致了情节和人物更准确地反映了整个国家。)”可推知，儿童文学书籍的增加及多样性使该项目的实施成为可能，故选B。


8．A 9．B 10．C 11．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大型海洋动物——抹香鲸。研究人员发现，目前已有线索表明抹香鲸比人类所以为的要聪明得多。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“There’s a lot we don’t know about the sperm whale’s intelligence because it’s difficult to carry out neurological (神经的) testing on such a huge marine mammal.(我们对抹香鲸的智力知之甚少，因为很难对这样一种巨大的海洋哺乳动物进行神经学测试。)”可知，抹香鲸的巨大体型使得我们很难对它进行神经测试。故选A。
9．词义猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“whaling success dropped by 60 percent(捕鲸的成功率下降了60%)”可知，抹香鲸是学会了如何躲避捕鱼人。选项A“Track (跟踪)”；选项B“Avoid (避免)”；选项C“Locate (定位)”；选项D“Trick (戏弄)”。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“What’s more, humans, whales and dolphins all have spindle neurons in their brains. These nerve cells make us capable of deeper thought, such as reasoning skills, memory, communication and adaptive thinking. And like humans, whales have emotional intelligence- meaning they’re capable of empathy, grief and sadness. (更重要的是，人类、鲸鱼和海豚的大脑中都有纺锤形神经元。这些神经细胞使我们能够进行更深入的思考，比如推理技能、记忆、沟通和适应性思维。和人类一样，鲸鱼也有情商——这意味着它们能够感同身受、悲伤和悲伤。)”可知，纺锤形神经元使生物能够进行深入思考和适应性思维等，而这一切，使得生物会具有一定智商。故选C。
11．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“But some clues point to sperm whales being much smarter than we give them credit for.(但一些线索表明抹香鲸比我们想象的要聪明得多。)”、第三段“The study suggests that the whales passed information to one another through soundwaves to avoid being caught.(研究表明，鲸鱼通过声波相互传递信息，以避免被捕获。)”、第四段“Additionally, they’re capable of complex behaviors and they tend to be more socia1. Whales may work together to hunt or communicate in a language all their own.(此外，它们有能力做出复杂的行为，而且往往更善于社交。鲸鱼可能会一起捕猎，或者用它们自己的语言交流。)”以及第五段“What’s more, humans, whales and dolphins all have spindle neurons in their brains. These nerve cells make us capable of deeper thought, such as reasoning skills, memory, communication and adaptive thinking.(更重要的是，人类、鲸鱼和海豚的大脑中都有纺锤形神经元。这些神经细胞使我们能够进行更深入的思考，比如推理技能、记忆、沟通和适应性思维。)”可知，文章主要讲述了抹香鲸是一种高智商的生物，极其聪明。故选A。
12．D 13．B 14．C 15．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了发展特定的情商优势的方法。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you’re looking to develop particular EI strengths, it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve-and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.(在与公司咨询和指导领导者的工作中，我们发现，如果你想要发展特定的EI优势，考虑其他人已经确定的改进领域以及你想要实现的目标，然后积极地在这些领域建立习惯，而不是简单地依赖于概念上的理解是有帮助的。)”可知，你知道如何在别人的帮助下更好地提高情商。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段的“This is especially true for the development of EI because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions.(对于EI的发展来说尤其如此，因为我们可能对我们如何表达和阅读我们互动中的情感成分视而不见。)”和“Getting feedback from others can also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so.(从别人那里得到反馈也可以证明我们改变行为的必要性和动机。)”可知，划线词所在句子意为“如果没有这种外部现实检查，你将很难确定你的行为是如何影响你的表现的。”，因此external reality check指的是“外部现实检查”，你的老师教导你要有更好的学习态度就是一种外部现实检查。故选B。
14．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Secondly, when you get your feedback from an assessment, let that inform what you want to improve. But also consider what your goals are.(其次，当你从评估中得到反馈时，让它告诉你想要改进的地方。但也要考虑你的目标是什么。)”可知，第四段主要讲述了当你想要提高EI时，你应该考虑你的目标。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you’re looking to develop particular EI strengths, it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve-and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.(在与公司咨询和指导领导者的工作中，我们发现，如果你想要发展特定的EI优势，考虑其他人已经确定的改进领域以及你想要实现的目标，然后积极地在这些领域建立习惯，而不是简单地依赖于概念上的理解是有帮助的。)”可知，作者可能会同意的是有效的EI发展取决于不同的因素。故选A。
16．E 17．C 18．G 19．A 20．F

【导语】本篇为说明文。文章主要介绍了“Not Yet”评分方式能对学生产生积极的自我认识，而这是一种成长型思维模式，是对学生有利的。要做到这种效果，需要适时的在具体方面给与学生赞扬，也需要及时帮助学生改变成为成长型思维模式。
16．根据后文“But if they got the grade “Not Yet”, they understood that they were on a learning curve.(但如果他们得到的分数是“还没有”，他们就会明白自己处在一个学习曲线上。)”可知，“Not Yet”是对没有通过考试的学生的一种“正面”评分，这是与传统意义上的“不及格”或“没通过”对比而来的，由此可推知，设空句应提及传统评分“不及格”，与之构成对比关系。选项E“If they got a failing grade, they would think: I’m nothing, I’m nowhere.(如果他们的成绩不及格，他们会想：我什么都不是，我一无是处。)”既提及了核心词“failing”，也讲述了其负面影响，与后文构成对比关系，前后衔接紧密。故选E项。
17．根据前文“Some of them reacted in a shockingly positive way.(其中一些人的反应非常积极。)”可推知，设空句应进一步讲述积极的反应是什么样的。选项C“They said things like, ‘I love a challenge.’(他们说：“我喜欢挑战。”)”与上文的“positive”的反应一致，符合分析。故选C项。
18．根据后文“For the fixed mindset students, there was hardly any.(对于固定思维模式的学生来说，几乎没有。)”，以及“But the students with the growth mindset engaged deeply, exhibiting increased electrical activity in their brains.(而拥有成长型思维模式的学生则参与得非常深入，他们的脑电活动有所增加。)”讲述了两组学生在一项研究中的观察结果，由此可推知，设空句应提及该研究，即“脑电活动”。选项G“Scientists measured the electrical activity from the brain as students confronted an error.(科学家们测量了孩子们面对错误时的脑电波活动。)”提及了研究项目“测量孩子们面对错误时的脑电波活动”，符合分析。故选G项。
19．分析可知，设空句为该段主旨句。根据后文“First of all, we can praise wisely.(首先，我们可以明智地赞美。)”以及“We can also change students’ mindsets.(我们还可以改变学生的思维模式。)”可知，全段讲到底该如何做。选项A“So what can we do?(那么我们该怎么做呢？)”可作该段主旨句。故选A项。
20．根据前文“We can also change students’ mindsets.(我们还可以改变学生的思维模式。)”提出了应该改变学生的思维模式，而前一句“Research found that students who were not taught growth mindset continued to show declining grades.(研究发现，没有接受成长型思维模式教育的学生成绩持续下降。)”提到的是不被改变思维模式的学生的下降表现，那么设空句应该讲述被改变思维模式的学生的积极表现。选项F“But those who learnt this lesson showed a sharp rebound in their grades.(但那些吸取了这一教训的学生，他们的成绩出现了大幅反弹。)”提出了改变思维模式之后的积极方面，在逻辑结构方面与前文构成转折，符合分析。故选F项。

21．A 22．C 23．C 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．B 30．D 31．A 32．D 33．B 34．A 35．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的父亲为了家庭和孩子放弃自己的梦想的故事。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的父母总是在电影中扮演配角，让我成为最闪亮的明星。A. supporting辅助性的；B. leading主要的；C. temporary临时的；D. ambitious有抱负的。根据上文“my life was like a kid adventure movie”和句中“leaving me as the shining star.”可知，父母是作者的儿童冒险电影中的配角；supporting actor“配角”。故选A项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使我父亲不是修理工，他也会修理任何东西。A. design设计；B. purchase购买；C. fix修理；D. change改变。根据句中“ even if he was not a repairman”可知，父亲会修理东西。故选C项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他似乎总是清楚地知道自己要去哪里，也知道到达那里的最有效路线。A. system系统；B. service服务；C. route路线；D. profit利润。根据句中“know exactly where he was going”和“to get there.”可知，父亲知道最有效的路线。故选C项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的自信使我们家变得安全。A. bravery勇气；B. confidence信心；C. commitment承诺；D. inspiration灵感。根据上文“I never heard him express any doubts.”可知，父亲非常自信。故选B项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但自从我自己当了父亲后，我开始意识到我父亲一定有过困惑的时候。A. remember记住；B. expect期望；C. imagine想象；D. realize意识到。上文讲作者觉得父亲非常自信，结合句中“my dad must have had moments of confusion”可知，作者自己当了爸爸后，意识到父亲其实也有困惑的时候。故选D项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也开始感激父亲的努力，因为他不知疲倦地工作来养家糊口。A. ignore忽视；B. admit承认；C. appreciate感激；D. assess评估。根据句中“my father’s efforts as he worked 　　7　　　 to provide for his family”可知，作者感激父亲为家庭作出的努力。故选C项。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我也开始感激父亲的努力，因为他不知疲倦地工作来养家糊口。A. legally合法地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully怀疑地；D. bravely勇敢地。根据句中“my father’s efforts”和“provide for his family”可推知，父亲不知疲倦地工作来养家糊口。故选B项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我听到了他为了做一个“父亲”而牺牲梦想的故事。A. heard听到；B. told告诉；C. predicted预测；D. continued继续。根据句中“stories about his dreams”可知，作者听到关于父亲的梦想的故事。故选A项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我听到了他为了做一个“父亲”而牺牲梦想的故事。A. created创造；B. sacrificed牺牲；C. transformed改变；D. pursued追求。根据下文“Despite his talent in baseball, he gave up...”可知，父亲放弃了自己的天分，牺牲了自己的梦想。故选B项。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他在棒球方面很有天赋，但他放弃了那个有前途的职业，成为了我的父亲。A. challenging具有挑战性的；B. forbidding禁止的；C. encouraging鼓舞人心的；D. promising有前途的。根据句中“his talent in baseball”可知，父亲在棒球方面很有天赋，棒球是更有前途的职业。故选D项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始明白他所面临的平衡：家庭与他自己灵魂中被抑制的激情。A. fires激情，热情；B. aspects方面；C. strengths优势；D. peaces和平。根据上文“Despite his talent in baseball”和下文“his personal dream”可知，父亲在家庭和自己的棒球梦想，自己的激情之间平衡，最后选择了家庭。故选A项。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他把自己的个人梦想放在一边，去追求被认为是更高的使命——给他的孩子一个追随梦想的机会。A. checked on检查；B. believed in相信；C. jumped at抓住；D. set aside把……放在一边；把……抛在脑后。根据上文“Despite his talent in baseball, he gave up that　　10　　 career to become my dad.”和“to go after what was considered a higher calling”可知，父亲把个人梦想放到了一边。故选D项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把自己的个人梦想放在一边，去追求被认为是更高的使命——给他的孩子一个追随梦想的机会。A. choice选择；B. opportunity机会；C. reward奖励；D. present现在。根据句中“to follow his dreams.”可知，父亲想要给作者追逐梦想的机会。故选B项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我希望把父亲给我的最好的礼物——温暖、温柔的童年回忆——送给孩子们。A. memories记忆；B. character性格；C. assistance协助；D. instructions指示。根据下文“they’ll always be able to take　　15　　 in those sweet memories.”可知，作者想像父亲一样，给自己的孩子留下温暖、温柔的童年回忆。故选A项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管他们以后的生活有多困难，他们都能从这些甜蜜的回忆中得到安慰。A. action行动；B. risk风险；C. comfort安慰；D. care小心。根据句中“sweet memories”可知，这些记忆能给人带来安慰。故选C项。

36．to 37．built 38．which/that 39．wonders 40．but 41．Having visited 42．was amazed 43．recording 44．remarkable 45．means

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合，同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了这座城市的变化，并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。
36．考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。
38．考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
39．考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。
40．考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。
42．考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。
44．考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。
45．考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
【点睛】
46．Dear Jim,
I am writing to say sorry to you. I failed to reply to your email in time because I got a severe cold last week and didn’t get better until yesterday. Therefore, I missed your email and didn’t give you any advice about the Chinese Characters Competition.
Anyway, how was your performance in the competition? You must have done well, for you are very diligent and have learned Chinese for years. I will always have your back as you will always have mine.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours ,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的道歉信。要求考生给英国朋友 Jim写封邮件，表达自己未能及时回复Jim邮件的歉意，并解释原因以及询问参赛情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
因此：therefore→ thus
建议：advice→ suggestion
勤奋的：diligent→ hardworking
支持：have sb. back→ support sb.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Anyway, how was your performance in the competition?
拓展句：Anyway, I wonder how your performance was in the competition.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I failed to reply to your email in time because I got a severe cold last week and didn’t get better until yesterday.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】You must have done well, for you are very diligent and have learned Chinese for years.（运用了for引导的原因状语从句）
47．Possible version：
At first, the coach wouldn’t allow him to play. However after a lot of persuasion, the coach gave in. No sooner had Jonathan joined the team in the field, their scores started to improve before both the teams were on a tie. However, the real cheer came during the crucial closing seconds when he stopped a pass and ran all the way for the winning goal. His team members were thrilled. The crowd came running towards him to celebrate the win.
After the match, the coach found Jonathan in the corner of the locker room. He asked, “Kid, I can’t believe it. You were fantastic! Tell me what got into you? How did you do it?” He looked at the coach, with tears in his eyes, and said, “Well, you knew my dad died, but did you know that my dad was blind?” The young man swallowed hard and forced a smile, “Dad came to all my games,but today was the first time he could see me play, and I wanted to show him I could do it!”
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jonathan和他的父亲相依为命，而当一天Jonathan的足球教练告诉他父亲去世的消息并要求Jonathan停赛一周休息，但Jonathan坚持想参加比赛。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由续写第一段首句“起初，教练不允许他参加比赛。”可以预测续写第一段主要内容：Jonathan说服教练让自己参加比赛并通过自己和队员的努力赢得了比赛。
②由第二段首句“比赛结束后，教练在更衣室的角落里发现了Jonathan。”可以预测续写第二段主要内容：教练问Jonathan这次取胜的秘诀，然后Jonathan解释是为了让在天堂的爸爸看到自己的比赛。
2.续写线索：教练让Jonathan休息——Jonathan主动说服教练并参赛——Jonathan和队员赢得比赛——教练问Jonathan获胜秘诀——Jonathan解释原因
3.词汇激活
行为类
①屈服：give in/give way /yield
②跑：run / race/rush
③看：look at/stare at/gaze at
情绪类
①兴奋的：thrilled/excited/overjoyed
②极好的：fantastic/excellent/wonderful
【点睛】[高分句型1] However, the real cheer came during the crucial closing seconds when he stopped a pass and ran all the way for the winning goal. （运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]The crowd came running towards him to celebrate the win.（运用了不定式作目的状语）
[高分句型3]Well, you knew my dad died, but did you know that my dad was blind?（运用了that引导的宾语从句）