2022-2023学年江苏省连云港市东海县八年级（下）期末英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省连云港市东海县八年级（下）期末英语试卷（含答案解析），文件包含第1课时初步认识比热容pptx、加热水和煤油mp4、比较水沙石的比热容mp4、比较金属的比热熔冰mp4、水和煤油的吸热能力对比mp4、水和煤油的吸热能力对比swf等6份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共23页， 欢迎下载使用。
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Our tpic tday is abut a Eurpean cuntry，Switzerland.With high muntains and clean blue lakes，it lks beautiful .
In Switzerland，things such as glass，plastic and paper are separated （1） ______ different grups and then recycled.Even ld clthes and shes （2） ______ be recycled.An rganizatin （3） ______ ld clthes frm all ver the cuntry.Sme f the clthes are sld in charity shps，sme are given t the pr，and （4） ______ are sent t factries fr recycling.
The gvernment has many laws t prtect the envirnment.（5） ______ ， yu are nt allwed t cut dwn trees.Yu must bey the rule. （6） ______ ， yu will be punished.If yu drp litter in a public place，yu will be fined by the plice.There are als laws t （7） ______ air and water pllutin.
Nature is ur greatest treasure.We （8） ______ its rich resurces t live，s it is imprtant fr us t prtect it （9） ______ .Luckily，we are starting t use energy frm the sun，wind and water.These new types f energy（10） ______ very little and will never run ut.Mrever，they prduce little pllutin.
2.A. intB. withC. frD. in
3.A. shuldB. canC. mustD. will
4.A. buysB. cleansC. cllectsD. studies
5.A. therB. antherC. the therD. thers
6.A. Such asB. Fr exampleC. One exampleD. like
7.A. HweverB. InsteadC. OtherwiseD. Mrever
8.A. limitB. prduceC. avidD. develp
9.A. prepare frB. cnnect tC. carry nD. depend n
10.A. easilyB. wiselyC. slwlyD. carelessly
11.A. spendB. payC. takeD. cst
C
Imprtant Ages in the UK
12.What can a British by d when he is 13 years ld？ ______
A. He can drink beer.B. He can get a part-time jb.
C. He can jin the army.D. He can drive a mtrcycle.
13.Hw des 15-year-ld Sam spend his weekdays in Britain？ ______
A. He shuld stay at schl.
B. He can be in the army.
C. He can be in Parliament.
D. He may supprt his family as a driver.
14.A British plice fficer saw a yung girl drink alchl in a bar.He went up t her and asked her sme questins，but he didn't punish her.Why？ ______
A. She was t yung t be punished.
B. It was the first time fr her t g int the bar.
C. She lked yung，but she was ver 18 years ld.
D. She was celebrating because she was ld enugh t buy a pet.
15.What des "Yu can marry even withut yur parents' permissin"mean？ ______
A. Yu can't get married until yur parents agree.
B. Yu decide t marry but yur parents dn't agree.
C. Yu can marry because yur parents have agreed.
D. Yu can get married even yur parent s dn't agree.
16.A 19-year-ld by is ging t live in Britain，yu shuld tell him that he shuld avid ______ .
A. driving a mtrcycleB. buying alchl in a bar
C. getting a part-time jbD. driving a large passenger bus
D
I entered a university after years f hard study.I thught my life wuld be full f happiness and knwledge.But my life in the university is nt like what I had expected.Then I became lazy and silent，even puzzled（困惑） because I didn't knw what my future wuld be like.
Fur years in the university is nly a shrt time.And a half f it has passed already.This year，many peple such as my parents and my friends，asked me what I wanted t d.They have kept telling me abut different jbs.But I dn't want t take their advice.I want my wn style.S，I think carefully.
I have been a vlunteer fr five years.It has been a happy time and it is meaningful fr me.Then I have a dream t jin the University Student Vlunteer G West Prgram.I think I can be a teacher in the west.I wuld like t try my best t help the children there.I want t help them see the wrld better.T make it cme true，I will wrk harder in the next tw years.There is an ld saying "Where there is a will，there is a way".I think my dream will cme true sn.
At last，I want t say t everybdy， "Never give up yur dreams，n matter hw big r small they are.The path t yur dream may nt be smth and wide.There are sme difficulties yu must face.But hld n t the end，yu can find there is great happiness after making yur dream cme true."
17.What is the writer？ ______
A. A teacher.B. A dctr.
C. A reprter.D. A cllege student.
18.Why was the writer puzzled？ ______
A. Because he was silent.
B. Because he was lazy.
C. Because he was t yung.
D. Because he wasn't sure abut his future.
19.Fr hw many years have the writer been a vlunteer？ ______
A. Five years.B. Six years.C. Seven years.D. Eight years.
20.Which f the fllwing prvinces may the writer wrk after leaving university？ ______
A. Jiangsu.B. Anhui.C. Gansu.D. Guangdng.
21.What des this passage mainly tell us？ ______
A. T listen t thers ften.
B. T have yur wn dream and keep it.
C. T d what yur parents expect.
D. T be happy when facing difficulties.
E
The Adventures f Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain is ne f the mst famus American nvels published in 1884.It was ne f the first nvels in the USA written in cmmn，everyday language.Fr example，using nn-standard English，Twain wrte，"I haven't gt n mney" t mean "I d nt have any mney".In this way，Twain made his characters（人物） very true t life.
The stry is tld by Huckleberry Finn，wh runs away frm his abusive father，wh always hit Finn withut reasns.At first，Huck hide n a small island in the middle f the Mississippi River.There，he finds Jim，a black slave（奴隶） wh has run away frm a farm.The tw f them stay n the island fr a few weeks and becme friends，but they must leave because Huck learns that peple are lking fr Jim.They decide t travel n a raft（筏子） n the Mississippi River t reach the Ohi River，which will take them nrth t a state that des nt allw slavery（不允许拥有奴隶）.
During their jurney，Huck and Jim visit many places alng the river and meet many different peple.Unfrtunately，mst f the peple they meet are nt gd.Fr example，Huck and Jim meet a family，the Grangerfrds，wh have been fighting with anther family fr s many years.But nbdy remembers hw the fight started.While Huck stays with the Grangerfrds，the tw families fight again，and several members f bth families are killed.Later，Huck and Jim meet the King and the Duke.The tw men cntrl their raft and make mney by tricking peple.Luckily，Huck and Jim try their best t run away with the raft.
Althugh the peple Huck and Jim meet are bad，they are als funny.Mark Twain used humr t shw readers the prblems f American sciety in the 1800s.Mre imprtantly，many things that happened t Huck and Jim are bad，but the nvel has a happy ending fr bth f them.Jim gets his freedm because his wner（主人） has died and set him free in her will（遗嘱），and Huck learns that his father has died，s he is als safe.
The Adventures f Huckleberry Finn is an adventurus and humrus stry，and it teaches mdern readers a lt abut American sciety in the 1800s.
22.Why did Mark Twain use cmmn and everyday English in the nvel？ ______
A. Because the nvel was his first ne.
B. Because sme peple culd nt read.
C. Because he wanted t make the characters（人物） true t life.
D. Because he hped t make readers surprised at the language.
23.What wrd can be used t describe Huck's father？ ______
A. Kind.B. Rude.C. Generus.D. Brave.
24.Where did Huck meet Jim？ ______
A. Near his hme.
B. On a raft n the Mississippi River.
C. On Jim's farm.
D. On an island in the Mississippi River.
25.Which shws the right rder f the fllwing events？ ______
a.Huck was abused by his father.
b.Huck and Jim left the island fr the Ohi River.
c.The Grangerfrds started fights with anther family.
d.Huck met Jim and became gd friends.
e.Huck and Jim finally ran away frm the King and the Duke.
A. a-d-b-c-e.B. c-a-d-b-e.C. b-d-e-a-c.D. e-a-c-d-b.
26.What can we knw frm the passage？ ______
A. The Adventures f Huckleberry Finn was published in 1800.
B. The nvel teaches readers much abut mdern American sciety.
C. Readers may be happy with Huck's and Jim's ending after they read the nvel.
D. Huck and Jim decided t leave the island because they wanted t lk fr treasure.
Liu Ming did nt knw what （1） ______ （expect） when he vlunteered fr the Special Olympics Wrld Summer Games in Shanghai，back in（2）O ______ 2007.Nw he thinks it was the mst amazing experience f his life.It was（3）f ______ t wrk as a vlunteer!
The Special Olympics Wrld Games give peple with intellectual disabilities a chance t shw （4） ______ （they） skills t the wrld.Many events similar t thse in the Olympics （5） ______ （include），such as basketball and swimming.
Over 40，000（6） ______ （vlunteer） gave up their spare time fr the 2007 Special Olympics Wrld Games.It was （7） ______ （必要的） fr them t receive training befre ding the tasks.Then they（8）p ______ supprt fr the athletes and helped make the event a great（9） ______ （成功）.
"I was the swimming cach fr a yung by frm Nrth China called Li Hai，"said Liu Ming."He was brn （10）w ______ intellectually disabilities.It was very brave （11） ______ him t jin the cmpetitin.He tried his best and finished （12） ______ （fur）.He has been（13） ______ （cnfident）than befre nw."
The games als bring peple tgether.Athletes and vlunteers frm （14） ______ （不同的）backgrunds feel like part f ne big family."It's great fr us t wrk （15） ______ （clse） with these special athletes，" said Liu Ming.
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42.Li Ming and his classmates invited Jenny t talk abut manners in the UK.Here are the main tips.
First，British peple say "hell"r"nice t meet yu"and shake hands when they meet yu fr the first time.But they dn't kiss because they nly greet relatives r clse friends with a kiss.
Secnd，they start a cnversatin with subjects like weather，bks r music.But age and mney shuld be avided.
Third，many British peple behave plitely in public.Fr example，they always queue instead f pushing befre thers.If they bump int smene in the street，they will say "srry".And if yu are in their way，they wn't tuch yu r push past yu.They'll say "excuse me"and wait patiently.They als keep their vice dwn in public.They dn't like t shut r laugh ludly.
Last but nt least，they are als very plite at hme.They say "please" and"thank yu"all the time.This is very different frm us Chinese.
Answer each f the fllwing questins in N Mre Than 4 Wrds.
(1) Wh was invited t talk abut manners in the UK？
______
(2) Hw many tips did Jenny ffer？
______
(3) What subjects shuld be avided if yu talk with British peple？
______
(4) What d British peple d instead f pushing befre thers？
______
(5) If yu are asked t describe British peple with ne wrd，what is it？
______
43.The girl，t g，enugh，brave，the dg，is，nt，near
______
44.The apple reach the child t t is high fr
______
45.it the prblem slve f clever is him t
______
46.my my bike father was by yesterday repaired
______
47.a few in t minutes hspital the man be will taken
______
48.Yu are Liu Hua.Fr yur English class，write yur stry f buying shes with the help f the pictures （in at least 70 wrds）.

I still remember the first time I bught shes n my wn.
答案和解析
1.【答案】【小题1】E
【小题2】B
【小题3】C
【小题4】D
【小题5】A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据下文It wrks t prtect the wildlife arund the wrld.（它致力于保护世界各地的野生动物。）可知说的是保护动物，结合选项，选项E是世界自然基金会的标志，故选E。
（2）细节理解题。根据下文It helps build a better wrld fr everyne，especially children.（它有助于为每个人，特别是儿童建立一个更美好的世界。）可知说的是给儿童建立更好的世界，结合选项，选项B是联合国儿童基金会标志，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据下文It wrks all ver the wrld t imprve health and keep the wrld safe.（它在世界各地致力于改善健康和维护世界安全。）可知说的是改善健康，维护安全，结合选项，选项C是世界卫生组织，故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据下文It sends fd and ther materials t help pr peple ut f disasters and wars.（它运送食物和其他物资来帮助穷人摆脱灾难和战争。）可知说的是帮助穷人，结合选项，选项D是乐施会，故选D。
（5）细节理解题。根据下文It uses its flying eye hspital t help patients with eye prblems and train dctrs.（该公司利用其飞行眼科医院帮助有眼疾的病人并培训医生。）可知说的是治疗眼疾，结合选项，选项A是奥比斯，一个国际眼科飞行组织医院，故选A。
本文主要介绍了五个组织。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
2~11.【答案】A、B、C、D、B、C、A、D、B、D
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：在瑞士，像玻璃、塑料和纸张被分到不同的组并回收。A进入；B和；C为了；D在里。be separated int表示"被分成"，固定短语。故选A。
（2）考查动词。句意：甚至还可以回收旧衣物和鞋子。A应该；B可以；C必须；D将。根据句意可知此处指可以回收。故选B。
（3）考查动词。句意：一个组织从全国各地收集旧衣服。A买；B清洗；C收集；D学习。根据句意可知此处用收集旧衣服。故选C。
（4）考查代词。句意：一些衣服被卖给慈善商店，一些送给穷人，其它的送去工厂回收。A其它的，后面用名词复数；B三者或以上中另一个；C两者中另一个；D其它的，表示复数。根据语法可知thers表示ther clthes。故选D。
（5）考查固定短语。句意：政府制定了许多法律来保护环境，例如，你不能砍伐树木。A例如，不放在句首；B例如；C一个例子；D像。故选B。
（6）考查副词。句意：你必须遵守规则。否则你会被惩罚。A然而；B而不是；C否则；D此外。根据句意可知此处表示否则。故选C。
（7）考查动词。句意：也有法律限制空气污染和水污染。A限制；B生产；C避免；D发展。根据The gvernment has many laws t prtect the envirnment.（政府制定了许多法律来保护环境。）可知此处表示限制污染的法律。故选A。
（8）考查动词词组。句意：我们依靠它丰富的资源来生存，所以明智地保护它对我们来说很重要。A准备；B连接；C开展；D依靠。根据its rich resurces t live（它丰富的资源来生存）可知此处指依靠它。故选D。
（9）考查副词。句意：我们依靠它丰富的资源来生存，所以明智地保护它对我们来说很重要。A简单地；B明智地；C慢慢地；D粗心地。根据we are starting t use energy frm the sun，wind and water（我们开始使用太阳能、风能和水能）可知此处指明智地保护自然资源。故选B。
（10）考查动词。句意：这些新型能源成本少且永远不会用完。A花费时间或钱，主语是人；B花费钱，主语是人；C花费时间或钱，主语是事物；D估算成本，主语是物。主语是These new types f energy（这些新型能源），后面是little，可知此处表示成本少。故选D。
这篇短文主要介绍了瑞士的环境保护措施和资源利用情况。瑞士通过将玻璃、塑料和纸张等物品分类回收，甚至还可以回收旧衣物和鞋子。政府制定了许多法律来保护环境，如禁止砍伐树木和对空气和水污染进行限制。文章强调了保护自然环境的重要性，并介绍了瑞士开始使用太阳能、风能和水能等新型能源的情况。这些新型能源花费少且永远不会用完。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
12~16.【答案】B、A、C、D、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据13对应的Yu can get a part-time jb，but yu can't wrk fr mre than tw hurs every day.（你可以找一份兼职工作，但是你每天工作不能超过两个小时。）可知，一个13岁的英国男孩，他可以找到一份兼职工作。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据16对应的Yu can leave schl.A by can jin the army with his parents' permissin（许可）.（你可以离开学校了。只要得到父母的允许，男孩就可以参军。）17对应的Yu can hld a license（拥有驾驶执照）t drive mst small cars.（你可以持有驾驶执照来驾驶大多数小型汽车。）21对应的Yu can becme a member f Parliament（议会）.（你可以成为一个议会成员。）可知，15岁的山姆在英国应该呆在学校度过他的工作日。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据18对应的Yu can buy and drink alchl in a bar.（你可以在酒吧里买酒喝。）可知，一位英国警官看见一个年轻女孩在酒吧喝酒。他走过去问了她几个问题，但并没有惩罚她。因为她看起来很年轻，但她已经超过18岁了。故选C。
（4）句意猜测题。根据18对应的Yu can marry even withut yur parents' permissin.（即使没有父母的允许，你也可以结婚。）可知，"Yu can marry even withut yur parents' permissin"意为"即使你的父母不同意，你也可以结婚。"故选D。
（5）细节理解题。根据21对应的Yu can hld a license t drive a large passenger bus.（你可以持有执照驾驶大型客车。）可知，一个19岁的男孩要去英国生活，你应该告诉他，他应该避免驾驶大型客车。故选D。
这篇短文主要介绍了英国的重要年龄。5岁时必须上学，12岁可以买宠物，13岁可以找兼职工作，但每天工作时间不能超过两小时。14岁可以进入酒吧，但不能购买酒精。16岁可以离开学校，男孩可以在父母允许下参军，可以骑摩托车，可以在餐厅用餐时喝啤酒或葡萄酒。17岁可以持有驾驶大多数小型汽车的驾照。18岁是法律上的成年年龄，可以结婚，可以在酒吧购买和饮用酒精。21岁可以持有驾驶大型客车的驾照，可以获得售酒许可证，可以成为议会成员。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
17~21.【答案】D、D、A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Fur years in the university is nly a shrt time.And a half f it has passed already.This year，many peple such as my parents and my friends，asked me what I wanted t d.（大学四年时间很短。而且已经过去了一半。今年，很多人，比如我的父母和我的朋友，问我想做什么。）可知，作者是一名大学生。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段Then I became lazy and silent，even puzzled（困惑）because I didn't knw what my future wuld be like.（然后我变得懒惰，沉默，甚至困惑，因为我不知道我的未来会是什么样子。）可知，是因为他不确定自己的未来。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段I have been a vlunteer fr five years.（我做志愿者已经五年了。）可知，作者做志愿者已经五年了。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段Then I have a dream t jin the University Student Vlunteer G West Prgram.I think I can be a teacher in the west.（然后我有一个梦想，加入大学生志愿者西部行动计划。我想我可以在西部当老师。）可知，甘肃属于西部地区，所以作者大学毕业后可以在甘肃工作。故选C。
（5）主旨大意题。根据最后一段At last，I want t say t everybdy， "Never give up yur dreams，n matter hw big r small they are.The path t yur dream may nt be smth and wide.There are sme difficulties yu must face.But hld n t the end，yu can find there is great happiness after making yur dream cme true."（最后，我想对大家说："永远不要放弃你的梦想，不管它们是大是小。通往梦想的道路可能并不平坦和宽阔。你必须面对一些困难。但是坚持到最后，你会发现梦想成真后的幸福是巨大的。"）可知，本文主要是想告诉我们要拥有自己的梦想并坚持下去。故选B。
短文主要写了作者对大学生活的失望和困惑，以及他对未来的迷茫。作者经过思考后决定追求自己的梦想，成为一名志愿者，特别是加入大学生志愿者西部行动计划，帮助西部地区的孩子们。他决心在接下来的两年里努力学习，相信自己的梦想会实现。最后，作者鼓励大家坚持追求梦想，无论大小，面对困难也要坚持到底，因为实现梦想后会有巨大的幸福。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
22~26.【答案】C、B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段In this way，Twain made his characters（人物） very true t life.（通过这种方式，吐温使他的角色非常真实。）可知马克吐温用通俗的日常语言写这部小说是因为他希望他的角色非常真实。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The stry is tld by Huckleberry Finn，wh runs away frm his abusive father，wh always hit Finn withut reasns.（故事由哈克贝利•费恩讲述，他逃离了虐待他的父亲，父亲总是无缘无故地打他。）可知他的父亲是粗鲁的。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段At first，Huck hide n a small island in the middle f the Mississippi River.There，he finds Jim，a black slave（奴隶） wh has run away frm a farm.（起初，哈克躲在密西西比河中间的一个小岛上。在那里，他遇到了吉姆，一个逃离农场的黑奴。）可知哈克在密西西比河中间的一个小岛上遇见了吉姆。故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据第二段The stry is tld by Huckleberry Finn，wh runs away frm his abusive father（故事由哈克贝利•费恩讲述，他逃离了虐待他的父亲）；第二段There，he finds Jim，a black slave（奴隶） wh has run away frm a farm.The tw f them stay n the island fr a few weeks and becme friends（在那里，他遇到了吉姆，一个逃离农场的黑奴。两个人待在岛上几周然后成为了朋友）；第二段They decide t travel n a raft（筏子） n the Mississippi River t reach the Ohi River（他们决定乘坐木筏沿着密西西比河旅行，到达俄亥俄河）；第三段Fr example，Huck and Jim meet a family，the Grangerfrds，wh have been fighting with anther family fr s many years.（例如，哈克和吉姆遇到了一个家庭，格兰杰福德家族，他们与另一个家族争斗了很多年。）；第三段Luckily，Huck and Jim try their best t run away with the raft.（幸运的是，哈克和吉姆尽力用木筏逃走了。）可知正确的顺序是a-d-b-c-e。故选A。
（5）主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段Mre imprtantly，many things that happened t Huck and Jim are bad，but the nvel has a happy ending fr bth f them.Jim gets his freedm because his wner（主人） has died and set him free in her will（遗嘱），and Huck learns that his father has died，s he is als safe.（更重要的是，哈克和吉姆遇到的许多事情都很糟糕，但小说对他们两个人来说有一个幸福的结局。吉姆获得了自由，因为他的主人在遗嘱中将他释放了，而哈克得知他的父亲已经去世，所以他也安全了。）可知读者对于故事的结尾会很满意。故选C。
《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》是马克•吐温于1884年出版的美国最著名的小说之一。它是美国最早用通俗、日常语言写成的小说之一。故事由哈克贝利•费恩讲述，他逃离了虐待他的父亲，父亲总是无缘无故地打他。起初，哈克躲在密西西比河中间的一个小岛上。在那里，他遇到了吉姆，一个逃离农场的黑奴。他们决定乘坐木筏沿着密西西比河旅行，然后向北进入一个不允许奴隶制的州。在他们的旅程中，他们遇到的大多数人都不好。尽管哈克和吉姆遇到的人都很坏，但他们也很有趣。马克•吐温用幽默来向读者展示19世纪美国社会的问题。《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》是一个充满冒险和幽默的故事，它教给现代读者很多关于19世纪美国社会的知识。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
27~41.【答案】t expect、ctber、antastic、their、are included、vlunteers、necessary、rvided、success、ith、f、furth、mre cnfident、different、clsely
【解析】（1）考查不定式。句意：2007年10月，当刘明志愿参加上海世界夏季特殊奥林匹克运动会时，他不知道会发生什么。expect"预料"，动词。"疑问词+不定式"构成不定式短语，此处在句中作宾语。故填t expect。
（2）考查名词。句意：2007年10月，当刘明志愿参加上海世界夏季特殊奥林匹克运动会时，他不知道会发生什么。根据句意结合首字母可知，此处是指"十月"，Octber"十月"符合题意。故填Octber。
（3）考查形容词。句意：作为志愿者工作真是太好了！空格处在句中作表语，所以应填形容词，根据句意结合首字母可知，此处应是指"极好的"，fantastic"极好的"符合题意。故填fantastic。
（4）考查代词。句意：世界特奥会给智障人士一个向世界展示他们技能的机会。they"他们"，人称代词主格，根据空后的名词skills可知，此处应填形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
（5）考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：许多类似于奥运会的项目都包括在内，比如篮球和游泳。include"包括"，动词。根据句意可知，events和include之间是被动关系，所以该句为被动语态，结构为：be+动词过去分词。结合前句中的give可知，该句为一般现在时的被动语态，主语是events，为复数，所以be动词用are，include的过去分词是included。故填are included。
（6）考查名词。句意：超过40，000名志愿者为2007年世界特殊奥林匹克运动会放弃了他们的业余时间。vlunteer"志愿者"，可数名词单数，结合空前的 40，000可知，此处填名词复数形式。故填vlunteers。
（7）考查形容词。句意：他们在执行任务前接受培训是必要的。空格处在句中作表语，所以应填形容词，necessary"必要的"符合题意。故填necessary。
（8）考查动词。句意：然后，他们为运动员提供支持，并帮助使活动取得巨大成功。根据句意结合首字母可知，此处指"提供"，prvide"提供"，动词。根据前句中的was可知，该句为一般过去时态，所以动词用过去式prvided。故填prvided。
（9）考查名词。句意：然后，他们为运动员提供支持，并帮助使活动取得巨大成功。根据空前的不定冠词a可知，此处应填可数名词单数，success"成功"符合题意。故填success。
（10）考查介词。句意：他天生智力残疾。根据句意结合首字母可知，此处应填with，表伴随。故填with。
（11）考查介词。句意：他参加比赛非常勇敢。it is+形容词+f sb.t d sth."某人做某事是怎样的"，固定句型。故填f。
（12）考查序数词。句意：他尽了最大努力，获得了第四名。fur"四"，根据句意可知，此处是指"第四名"，furth"第四"符合题意。故填furth。
（13）考查形容词比较级。句意：他现在比以前更加自信了。cnfident"自信的"，形容词。根据空后的than可知，此处填形容词比较级mre cnfident。故填mre cnfident。
（14）考查形容词。句意：来自不同背景的运动员和志愿者感觉像是一个大家庭的一部分。空格处在句中修饰名词backgrunds，所以应填形容词，different"不同的"符合题意。故填different。
（15）考查副词。句意：对我们来说，能与这些特殊的运动员密切合作真是太好了。clse"密切的"，形容词。空格处在句中修饰动词wrk，所以应填副词，clsely"密切地"符合题意。故填clsely。
短文主要写了刘明参加2007年上海特奥会志愿者工作的经历。他最初不知道会发生什么，但现在他认为这是他一生中最令人惊叹的经历。特奥会给予智力残疾人展示自己技能的机会。志愿者们接受培训，为运动员提供支持，帮助活动取得成功。刘明是一位游泳教练，他帮助一位名叫李海的智力残疾男孩参加比赛。比赛使不同背景的人们感觉像一个大家庭。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
42.【答案】【小题1】Jenny.
【小题2】Fur.
【小题3】Age and mney.
【小题4】They always queue.
【小题5】Plite.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Li Ming and his classmates invited Jenny t talk abut manners in the UK.（李明和他的同学邀请珍妮讨论英国礼仪。）可知珍妮被邀请讨论英国礼仪。故填Jenny.
（2）细节理解题。First（首先），Secnd（第二），Third（第三），Last but nt least（最后但同样重要的），可知珍妮一共给了4条建议。故填Fur.
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段Secnd，they start a cnversatin with subjects like weather，bks r music.But age and mney shuld be avided.（第二，以天气，书或音乐的话题来开始谈话。但要避免年龄和金钱。）可知在英国要避免谈年龄和钱。故填Age and mney.
（4）细节理解题。根据第四段Fr example，they always queue instead f pushing befre thers.（例如，他们总是排队而不是推前面的人。）可知英国人总是排队而不是推前面的人。故填They always queue.
（5）观点表达题。根据第四段Third，many British peple behave plitely in public.（第三，许多英国人在公众场合表现得很有礼貌。）第五段Last but nt least，they are als very plite at hme.（最后但同样重要的，他们在家也很有礼貌。）可知用一个词来描述英国人那就是他们很有礼貌。故填Plite.
本文是关于珍妮介绍的英国礼仪。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
43.【答案】The girl is nt brave enugh t g near the dg.
【解析】根据观察可知题干使用了"be nt +形容词+enugh t d sth"句型结构，意思是"还不足以能够"。brave enugh足够勇敢；g near走进。
故答案为：The girl is nt brave enugh t g near the dg.
这个女孩不够勇敢，不敢走进那条狗。
做这类题目时，要根据预猜句意，分析句子成分；要运用正确的时态和语序，有时还要添加助动词。
44.【答案】The apple is t high fr the child t reach.
【解析】根据所给的词和标点，可知本题为肯定句，且为一般现在时态。考虑用固定句型"t+adj/adv+fr sb+t d sth"，意为"太而某人不能做某事"。
故填：The apple is t high fr the child t reach.
苹果太高了，这个孩子够不着。
做这种类型的题，首先确定句子类型，如：陈述句、疑问句或感叹句等，然后根据所给单词，明确主语、谓语等句子成分，在确定句意的前提下结合语法知识组合句子。
45.【答案】It is clever f him t slve the prblem．
【解析】形容词clever"聪明的"，用来表示不定式行为者的品质，所以用句式："It's+adj．+f sb．++ 动词不定式"。"解决了这个问题"是slve the prblem。
故答案为：It is clever f him t slve the prblem．
他解决了这个问题，真聪明。
做连词成句这种类型的题，首先确定句子类型，如：陈述句、疑问句或感叹句等，然后根据所给单词，明确主语、谓语等句子成分，在确定句意的前提下结合语法知识组合句子。
46.【答案】My bike was repaired by my father yesterday.
【解析】根据所给的词和标点，可知本题为词陈述句，且为一般过去时态的被动语态。my bike主语；谓语动词是was repaired ，by my father是宾语。
故答案为：My bike was repaired by my father yesterday.
我的自行车昨天被我父亲修好了。
做连词成句这种类型的题，首先确定句子类型，如：陈述句、疑问句或感叹句等，然后根据所给单词，明确主语、谓语等句子成分，在确定句意的前提下结合语法知识组合句子。
47.【答案】The man will be taken t hspital in a few minutes.
【解析】根据所给的词和标点，可知本题为肯定句，且为一般将来时态。考虑用The man作主语，谓语用一般将来时结构will be taken t，名词hspital作宾语，介词短语in a few minutes作时间状语。
故填：The man will be taken t hspital in a few minutes.
这名男子几分钟后将被送往医院。
做这种类型的题，首先确定句子类型，如：陈述句、疑问句或感叹句等，然后根据所给单词，明确主语、谓语等句子成分，在确定句意的前提下结合语法知识组合句子。
48.【答案】 I still remember the first time I bught shes n my wn.（开篇点题）
Last year，I wanted t buy a pair f shes fr my mther as a birthday gift.I went int a she stre.There were all kinds f beautiful shes there.I lked at s many shes and didn't knw what t chse.【高分句型一】When I tld the shp assistant I wanted t buy a pair f shes fr my mther，he intrduced the prices and features f different shes t me.I tried n a pair f shes，but I thught they didn't fit my mther's feet.The shp assistant advised me t try anther pair f shes.At last，I bught a pair f beautiful shes.When I gave the shes t my mther and wished her a happy birthday，she was happy and surprised.【高分句型二】（介绍买鞋子的经历）
【解析】【高分句型一】
I lked at s many shes and didn't knw what t chse.我看了那么多鞋，不知道该选什么。
what t chse选什么。是疑问词接不定式结构。
【高分句型二】
When I gave the shes t my mther and wished her a happy birthday，she was happy and surprised.当我把鞋子送给妈妈并祝她生日快乐时，她既高兴又惊讶。
when引导时间状语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。Age
What can yu d？
5
Yu have t g t schl.
12
Yu can buy a pet.
13
Yu can get a part-time jb，but yu can't wrk fr mre than tw hurs every day.
14
Yu can g int a bar，but yu can't buy alchl（酒）.
16
Yu can leave schl.
A by can jin the army with his parents' permissin（许可）.
Yu can drive a mtrcycle.
Yu can have beer（啤酒）r wine（葡萄酒）at a meal in a restaurant.
17
Yu can hld a license（拥有驾驶执照）t drive mst small cars.
18
Age f maturity—yu have grwn up in the eyes f the law.
Yu can marry even withut yur parents' permissin.
Yu can buy and drink alchl in a bar.
21
Yu can hld a license t drive a large passenger bus.
Yu can have a license t sell alchl.
Yu can becme a member f Parliament（议会）.