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（人教版2019）2023-2024学年高一英语上学期 第一次月考B卷
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这是一份（人教版2019）2023-2024学年高一英语上学期 第一次月考B卷，文件包含人教版20192023-2024学年高一英语上学期第一次月考B卷全解全析docx、人教版20192023-2024学年高一英语上学期第一次月考B卷学生卷A4版docx、人教版20192023-2024学年高一英语上学期第一次月考B卷学生卷A3版docx、人教版20192023-2024学年高一英语上学期第一次月考B卷参考答案docx、人教版20192023-2024学年高一英语上学期第一次月考B卷答题卡docx、人教版20192023-2024学年高一英语上学期第一次月考B卷答题卡pdf、第一次月考B卷mp3等7份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共51页， 欢迎下载使用。
2023-2024学年高一英语上学期第一次月考
B卷·重点难点过关测
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man like doing?
A．Dancing. B．Walking. C．Singing.
【答案】C
【原文】
W: Hi, Sam. Do you want to dance?
M: No, thank you. I’m not a good dancer at all. I prefer to sing.
2．Where is Larry now?
A．In his office. B．At home. C．In a classroom.
【答案】C
【原文】
W: Hello, Tom. This is Anne in the office. Is Larry at home?
M: No, he’s in class now. He’ll be home for lunch.
3．What did the man do last weekend?
A．He hurt his knee. B．He played football. C．He did his homework.
【答案】A
【原文】
W: What’s wrong with your foot?
M: It’s not that. It’s my knee-I hurt it playing badminton last weekend.
4．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．Which movie to see. B．Where to go. C．Where to park.
【答案】B
【原文】
M: Let’s go to Riato to see a movie.
W: Oh, no. That’s too far away. What about Grand Theater?
M: But it’s hard to find a place to park there.
5．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Classmates. B．Colleagues. (同事) C．Teacher and student.
【答案】B
【原文】
W: I often mistake Mark for Tom in class. Can you tell them apart?
M: No. They are twins, and many teachers make the same mistake like us.
W: It is really a little embarrassing to make mistakes all the time facing so many students.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。
6．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Teacher and student. B．Colleagues(同事). C．Classmates.
7．What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A．How to improve listening skills
B．How to take notes better.
C．How to concentrate in class.
【答案】6．C 7．B
【原文】
M: Anna, Mr. Smith said that your notes are the best in our class. Any good suggestions?
W: Oh, Bob, I usually focus on what I am listening to in class and make simple notes quickly, then complete the whole content after class.
M: Thank you for your sharing. I got it.
听下面一段对话，回答第8 至第10题。
8．Who is the woman?
A．The man’s classmate. B．Annie’s sister. C．Annie’s roommate.
9．What does the man want to tell Annie?
A．His new address. B．His visit. C．Hotel information.
10．How can Annie get in touch with the man?
A．Send him an urgent message.
B．Dial the phone number 4934975.
C．Go to Room 668, the Terminal Hotel.
【答案】8．C 9．B 10．B
【原文】
M: Hello, is that Annie?
W: No, I’m one of her roommates. She’s out, you know, shopping.
M: When will she be back, do you think?
W: Oh, I don’t know. Hang on a moment. I mean who wants her?
M: I’m a friend of hers. Look, would you be so kind to give her a message?
W: Hang on while I get a pen...OK. What’s the message?
M: My name is Kris Schuster, Room 688, the Terminal Hotel, Washington. I’ll go to see her next week.
W: Does she know your phone number?
M: It’s 4934975. You won’t forget to tell her it’s urgent, will you?
W: Don’t worry. I’ll tell her.
M: Thanks. Bye-bye.
听下面一段对话，回答第11 至第 13题。
11．Why does John go to the gym?
A．To lose weight. B．To gain muscle. C．To work as a trainer.
12．What will John do on Friday?
A．Visit his grandma. B．Do muscle training (肌肉训练). C．Work overtime (加班).
13．When will the speakers go to the movies?
A．On Monday. B．On Thursday. C．On Saturday.
【答案】11．B 12．A 13．C
【原文】
W: John, how about seeing the new movie after work today?
M: Jane, I’m afraid I can’t go with you today. Recently I decided to go to the gym after work.
W: Sounds great. Are you trying to gain muscle?
M: Yes. My trainer suggested I do muscle training on Monday and Wednesday, and do some other training on Tuesday and Thursday.
W: I got it. Let’s see it on Friday night!
M: Sorry, I am going to visit my grandma on Friday. Let’s meet at Green Cinema on Saturday!
W: It’s up to you. I’m OK at any time after work.
M: See you on Saturday night.
听下面一段对话，回答第14 至第17题。
14．Who is the woman talking with?
A．Her teacher. B．Her uncle. C．Her classmate.
15．Where did the earthquake take place according to the woman?
A．In New Zealand. B．In America. C．In Canada.
16．Why did the woman come back to Canada?
A．She got hurt in the earthquake.
B．She wanted to take a break.
C．She took an exchange program.
17．When is the woman going back to school?
A．In two weeks. B．In a month. C．In two months.
【答案】14．B 15．A 16．B 17．A
【原文】
M: Hi, Sally. I haven’t seen you in years! What are you up to these days?
W: Good to see you, Uncle Jimmy. I’m planning to go back to university.
M: Aren’t you studying in New Zealand?
W: That’s right. But there was a big earthquake during my third year, so I took a break and came back to Canada.
M: Oh, no. Did you get hurt?
W: No, I was fine. But I just decided to come back for a couple of months.
M: Okay. So when are you going back to school?
W: In two weeks. I’m actually finishing my last year in Australia through an exchange program.
M: That’s cool.
W: What about you? When are you going back to America?
M: In a month.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。
18．How can frozen food be kept cold at ordinary temperatures?
A．By using bags. B．By using water. C．By using paper.
19．What is advised to do when camping?
A．Use special dry foods. B．Never cook meat or eggs. C．Keep milk in a cooler box.
20．What is the passage mainly about?
A．How to pick up fresh food.
B．How to eat healthily in different weather.
C．How to keep food from going bad in summer.
【答案】18．A 19．A 20．C
【原文】
During the summer you should be even more careful than usual because food goes bad faster in hot weather than in cold weather. When you buy frozen and refrigerated foods, don’t make long stops on your way home because frozen foods could become soft or warm. Using bags helps keep food cold until you can get home. Milk and milk products should be refrigerated immediately. When camping or picnicking or at any time when refrigeration can’t be made use of, use special dry foods. Don’t leave food in a hot car. Picnic favorites like meat, chicken and eggs should be kept in a cooler box. Above all, if the food doesn’t seem to be normal in smell or appearance, throw it away immediately. Don’t taste it.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A（2023秋·山东·高一山东省实验中学校考）
Four Volunteer Abroad Programs
Walking Tree Travel
This program offers volunteer projects in English teaching, the environment, community development, etc, in a dozen countries. It has a mission to inspire individuals to become global citizens and take an interest in the world around them. Therefore, it provides trips focusing on volunteer opportunities for high school students that actively engage travelers in global communities.
Tanzania: Dance Program
On this project, you are invited to Arusha, Tanzania to develop dance workshops for local schools and orphanages (孤儿院). Dance is just one of the many amazing aspects of the primary education system and culture that you’ll learn about in Tanzania, and you’ll have a wonderful opportunity to volunteer with local children, learn about their culture and dances, and teach them about your culture and background as well.
St. Lucia Volunteer Program
Through this program, you’ll support children who are facing challenges in nutrition, healthcare, and education. In partnership with local schools and community organizations, you’ll provide maternal and infant (母婴) support, present childcare workshops to parents, help with early childhood education, teach health and hygiene (卫生) lessons, and many more.
Volunteering Journeys
This program prides itself on personal attention and tailored experiences for all participants, as well as high-quality service and positions that actively engage scientists, doctors, teachers, and community leaders. Right now, Volunteering Journeys is offering many different opportunities to teen and high school travelers, including family volunteer holidays, summer volunteer programs, and teen-friendly positions on many different projects in Africa and Asia.
21．What does Walking Tree Travel aim to do?
A．Make contributions to improving the environment.
B．Advertise English teaching programs in some countries.
C．Encourage individuals to have an international outlook.
D．Inspire high school students to engage in community development.
22．What might be a requirement for participants in St. Lucia Volunteer Program?
A．Showing outstanding leadership. B．Being cautious and sensitive.
C．Having rich teaching experience. D．Having knowledge about nutrition and healthcare.
23．Which program would you choose if expecting to communicate with scientists and doctors?
A．Walking Tree Travel. B．Volunteering Journeys.
C．Tanzania: Dance Program. D．St. Lucia Volunteer Program.
【参考答案】
21．C 22．D 23．B
【语篇解读】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个海外志愿者项目的情况。
【详情解析】
21．【C】细节理解题。根据第一段“It has a mission to inspire individuals to become global citizens and take an interest in the world around them. (它的使命是激励个人成为世界公民，并对周围的世界感兴趣)”可知，Walking Tree Travel的目的是鼓励个人拥有国际视野。故选C。
22．【D】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In partnership with local schools and community organizations, you’ll provide maternal and infant (母婴) support, present childcare workshops to parents, help with early childhood education, teach health and hygiene (卫生) lessons, and many more. (与当地学校和社区组织合作，你将提供母婴支持，为父母举办育儿讲习班，帮助儿童早期教育，教授健康和卫生课程等等)”可知，要求圣卢西亚义工计划的参加者具备营养和保健知识。故选D。
23．【B】细节理解题。根据最后一段“This program prides itself on personal attention and tailored experiences for all participants, as well as high-quality service and positions that actively engage scientists, doctors, teachers, and community leaders. (该计划以个人关注和为所有参与者量身定制的体验，以及高质量的服务和积极参与科学家，医生，教师和社区领袖的职位而自豪)”可知，如果你希望与科学家和医生交流，你可以选择Volunteering Journeys。故选B。
B（2023春·河北石家庄·高一石家庄一中校联考）
Do I Know You?
Cecilia Burman has always had a problem with faces. As a child, she struggled to pick out her own face in school photos, and she is hard pressed today to describe her mother’s features. Over the years she has offended countless friends, passing them on neighborhood streets or in office half ways like strangers. “People think I am just snobby, ”says Burman, 38, a computer consultant in Stockholm. “It makes me really, really sad to lose new friends because they think I couldn’t bother to say hello.”
There is a name for Burman’s condition: prosopagnosia or, more informally, face blindness. The disorder was thought to be extremely rare and mainly a result of brain injury. Until a few years ago, there were perhaps 100 officially recorded cases, says Ken Nakayama, a professor of psychology at Harvard.
Within that group of sufferers, however, the condition varies widely. For the vast majority, the problem is not so much about detecting a face. Prosopagnosics can see eyes, noses and mouths as clearly as anyone else. It is about recognizing the same set of features when seeing them again. While mild prosopagnosics can train themselves to memorize a limited number of faces(it is said to be like learning to distinguish one stone from another), others struggle to identify family members and, in extreme cases, their own faces. Gaylen Howard, 40, a homemaker in Boulder, says that when she is in front of a mirror in a crowded restroom, she makes a funny face so that, as she puts it, “I can tell which one is me.”
For now, it is enough for face-blind people like Burman, who has spent a lifetime being misjudged as lazy and uncaring, to know that there are many others out there like her. Burman made her first contact with fellow prosopagnosics on an Internet mailing list in 2000. “It was only then that I really recognized my own situation in theirs,” she says. “It was such a relief. I cried for days.”
24．The underlined word “snobby” in paragraph 1 most probably means “___________”
A．strange B．superior
C．cruel D．stupid
25．Why did Burman cry for days?
A．She got fully understood by all the people around her.
B．Prosopagnosia can finally be cured now.
C．She realized she was not alone who suffered from face blindness.
D．She gained the ability to recognize the same set of facial features.
26．Which of the following statements is true about prosopagnosia according to the passage?
A．Prosopagnosia is in fact quite common.
B．The disorder results from brain injury.
C．Burman has no difficulty recognizing her own features.
D．Face-blind people are not necessarily snobby.
27．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that____
A．Face-blind people are often thought offensive by those who have no idea of their situation.
B．Burman made great contributions to the internet platform concerning prosopagnosia.
C．There are more and more face-blind people.
D．That prosopagnosia can be cured has brought great relief to people who suffer a lot from it.
【参考答案】
24．B 25．C 26．B 27．A
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Burman因为脸盲症被他人误解，最终了解到跟她有同样情况的人很多，因此得到了一丝宽慰。
【详情解析】
24．【B】词句猜测题。根据文章第一段话“Over the years she has offended countless friends, passing them on neighborhood streets or in office half ways like strangers.(多年来，她得罪了无数的朋友，像陌生人一样在社区的街道上或办公室的半路上与他们擦肩而过。)”可知，她多年来得罪了很多朋友，路上遇到同事都像陌生人一样。因此给他们的印象是她很高傲。划线词与B项最为接近。故选B项。
25．【C】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段话“For now, it is enough for face-blind people like Burman, who has spent a lifetime being misjudged as lazy and uncaring, to know that there are many others out there like her. Burman made her first contact with fellow prosopagnosics on an Internet mailing list in 2000. “It was only then that I really recognized my own situation in theirs,” she says. “It was such a relief. I cried for days.”(现在，对于像Burman这样的脸盲患者来说，她一生都被误解为懒惰和冷漠，知道世界上还有很多像她这样的人就足够了。2000年，Burman在一个互联网邮件列表上第一次接触到面孔失认症患者。她说：“直到那时，我才真正认识到自己的处境和他们的处境一样。”“这真的给了我一丝宽慰。我哭了好几天。”)”可知，她了解到了世界上跟她有同样情况的人很多。故选C项。
26．【B】细节理解题。根据文章第二段话“The disorder was thought to be extremely rare and mainly a result of brain injury.(这种疾病被认为是极其罕见的，主要是脑损伤的结果。)”可知，这种病主要是脑损伤导致的。故选B项。
27．【A】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段话“For now, it is enough for face-blind people like Burman, who has spent a lifetime being misjudged as lazy and uncaring, to know that there are many others out there like her. Burman made her first contact with fellow prosopagnosics on an Internet mailing list in 2000. “It was only then that I really recognized my own situation in theirs,” she says. “It was such a relief. I cried for days.”(现在，对于像Burman这样的脸盲患者来说，她一生都被误解为懒惰和冷漠，知道世界上还有很多像她这样的人就足够了。2000年，伯曼在一个互联网邮件列表上第一次接触到面孔失认症患者。她说：“直到那时，我才真正认识到自己的处境和他们的处境一样。”“这真的给了我一丝宽慰。我哭了好几天。”)”可知，患脸盲症的人经常被那些不了解他们处境的人认为是无礼的。故选A项。
C（2023春·湖北武汉·高一华中师大一附中校考）
Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
28．What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?
A．The use of drones in checking on power lines. B．Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.
C．The reduction of cost in designing drones. D．Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.
29．What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Personnel safety. B．Assistance from drones.
C．Inspection and repair. D．Construction of infrastructure.
30．What function is expected of the rail drones?
A．To provide early warning. B．To make trains run automatically.
C．To earn profits for the crews. D．To accelerate transportation.
31．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones B．How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C．What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face D．How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
【参考答案】
28．A 29．C 30．A 31．D
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。应用今天的“空中之眼”的技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。
【详情解析】
28．【A】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.(无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和换乘点的正确位置)”可推知，使用无人机检查电力线使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能。故选A。
29．【C】词义猜测题。根据后文“It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. (据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施)”可知花在maintenance上的费用是用于“inspect and repair the rail infrastructure （检查和维修铁路基础设施”，由此可知“That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety”是指大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全，画线词和 C项：Inspection and repair(检修)含义相近。故选C。
30．【A】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.(带有先进传感器和人工智能的非常小的无人机可以像副驾驶一样在火车前面行驶。凭借他们的预见能力，他们可以发出任何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的火车能够及时做出反应)”可知，对于无人机期待的功能是提前发现问题。故选A。
31．【D】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Can a small group of drones(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that the millions of kilometers of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施)worldwide are safe for trains on a24/7 basis.(一小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可靠的同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元？这很可能是应用今天的“空中之眼”技术的未来，以确保全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行。)”以及后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能;第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全；第四段讲到了通过使用最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，所以D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。”符合文章中心思想，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
D（2023春·浙江舟山·高一舟山中学校考）
We are all aware of the damaging pollution that’s created by driving petrol and diesel (柴油) vehicles. Many of the world’s cities are blocked with traffic, creating fumes containing gases such as nitrogen oxides. The solution for a cleaner, greener future could be electric vehicles. But how optimistic should we be? There was much excitement last year when the UK government announced it will ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars from 2030. But is that easier said than done?
The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off. Currently, battery life is an issue — a fully charged battery won’t take you as far as a full tank of petrol. There are also limited numbers of charging points to plug an EV into. Of course, technology is always improving. Some of the biggest tech companies, like Google and Tesla, are spending huge amounts of money developing electric cars. And most of the big car manufacturers are now making them too. Colin Herron, a consultant on low-carbon vehicle technology, told the BBC: “The big leap forward will come with solid state batteries, which will appear first in mobile phones and laptops before they progress to cars.” These will charge more quickly and give cars a bigger range. Cost is another issue that may discourage people switching to electric power. But some countries offer incentive, such as cutting prices by reducing import taxes, and not charging for road tax and parking. Some also provide exclusive lanes for electric cars to be driven on, overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams.
These kinds of measures have made Norway the country with the most electric cars per capita (人均) at more than thirty electric cars per 1000 inhabitants. But Colin Herron warns that “electric motoring” doesn’t mean a zero-carbon future. “It’s emission-free motoring, but the car has to be built, the battery has to be built, and the electricity does come from somewhere.” Maybe it’s time to think about making fewer journeys or using public transport.
32．What can we infer from the question at the end of paragraph 1?
A．We should not be too optimistic about the future.
B．Electric vehicles may not solve the traffic problems.
C．It’s not a good idea to replace petrol vehicles with electric ones.
D．It is not easy to obtain a greener future by means of electric vehicles.
33．What does the underlined word “incentive” mean in paragraph 3?
A．compensation B．allowance C．encouragement D．privilege
34．Which statement is true according to the passage?
A．Electric motoring will create a zero-carbon future.
B．Electric cars might not get stuck in traffic jams in the future.
C．There are four obstacles on the road to global traffic being totally electric.
D．Putting solid-state batteries in electric cars first will be a “great leap forward”.
35．What is the most suitable title for the text?
A．Total Electric Traffic: a Long Way to Go
B．Electric Vehicles: a Road to a Greener Future
C．Electric Power or Petrol: a Tough Decision to Make
D．Petrol and Diesel Vehicles: a Main source of Gases
【参考答案】
32．D 33．C 34．B 35．A
【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电动汽车的好处以及仍然面临的一些挑战。
【详情解析】
32．【D】推理判断题。根据第二段“The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off. Currently, battery life is an issue — a fully charged battery won’t take you as far as a full tank of petrol. There are also limited numbers of charging points to plug an EV into. (实现全球交通完全电动化还有很长的路要走。目前，电池寿命是个问题——一块充满电的电池续航时间还不如一箱汽油续航时间长。电动汽车的充电点数量也有限)”可推知，通过电动汽车获得一个更环保的未来并不容易。故选D。
33．【C】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“such as cutting prices by reducing import taxes, and not charging for road tax and parking. Some also provide exclusive lanes for electric cars to be driven on, overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams.”可知，有些国家通过降低进口税来降低价格，不收取道路税和停车费。有些还为电动汽车提供专用车道，以超越可能陷入拥堵的传统汽车，这些都是鼓励人们购买的措施。故画线词意思是“鼓励”。故选C。
34．【B】细节理解题。根据第二段“Some also provide exclusive lanes for electric cars to be driven on, overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams.(有些还为电动汽车提供专用车道，以超越可能陷入拥堵的传统汽车)”可知，B选项“电动汽车将来可能不会陷入交通堵塞”正确。故选B。
35．【A】主旨大意题。根据第二段“The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off.(实现全球交通完全电动化还有很长的路要走)”结合文章介绍了电动汽车的好处以及仍然面临的一些挑战。可知，A选项“全电动交通：任重道远”最符合文章标题，故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A lot of people tend to choose a balanced diet in order to keep fit, but being on a healthy diet goes beyond simply eating more fruits and vegetables. You also need to change your mindset(观念模式) about food. Take a hard look at your eating habits. Do you eat more when you feel stressed? Do you reduce your food intake on purpose in order to feel like you are in control? If your answer is ”yes" , then you probably have held a problematic attitude toward food, and 36 .
37 If you find that you tend to eat unhealthy foods when you’re stressed, find an alternative activity. You could instead go for a walk, take a bath, or call a trusted friend for a chat. Whatever you choose, it should be something that can ease your stress. 38
Consider food as fuel. A lot of people believe that eating is an important way to have fun or kill time. This belief is quite common. 39 You’d better think carefully about the exact effects the food would have on you before putting it into your mouth. Is it good for your health? Does it influence your bodily functions positively or negatively?
Get medical support from professionals. 40 And you can’t always just talk yourself into stopping destructive behaviors. If you suspect that you have an eating disorder, whether it’s overeating or undereating, consult a medical specialist and get professional help.
A．Find a healthier replacement.
B．Hold a healthy attitude toward food.
C．Do you know how to choose healthy foods?
D．the following tips can help you change it.
E．This may help you no longer feel the need to eat.
F．Eating disorders are classified as mental illnesses.
G．However, you should break this cognitive (认知的)habit.
【参考答案】
36．D 37．A 38．E 39．G 40．F
【语篇解读】
本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何改变关于饮食健康的观念模式。
【详情解析】
36．【D】根据空前“If your answer is ”yes" , then you probably have held a problematic attitude toward food, and(如果你的答案是肯定，那么，你可能对食物的态度是错误的，)”可知，空前提出你的食物的态度是有问题的，故D项“以下的建议能帮助你改变它”符合，引出下文的具体方法，且D项中的it指代空前的“a problematic attitude”，故选D项。
37．【A】根据空后“If you find that you tend to eat unhealthy foods when you’re stressed, find an alternative activity.(如果你发现但你感觉有压力想吃不健康的食物时，就找一个可替代的活动。)”可知，空后提出感觉有压力，想吃不健康的食物时，就找一个可替代的活动，故A项项“找到一个更健康的替代”符合本段首句，故选A项。
38．【E】根据空前“Whatever you choose, it should be something that can ease your stress.(无论你的选择是什么，它都应该是能帮助你减轻压力的事情。)”可知，空前提出感到有压力想吃不健康的食物时，就去做一些其他的事情，无论你做什么，这些事都应该是能帮助你减轻压力，帮助你不再想要吃东西。故E项“这可能会帮助你不再想要吃东西”符合，故选E项。
39．【G】根据空前“A lot of people believe that eating is an important way to have fun or kill time. This belief is quite common.(很多人认为，吃可以让人开心，并打发时间，这种想法是十分常见的。)”和空后“You’d better think carefully about the exact effects the food would have on you before putting it into your mouth.(你最好在把食物放进嘴里之前，仔细想清楚这些食物可能对你带来的确切的影响。)”可知，空前提出吃东西来获得乐趣和打发时间是一种很常见的现象，空后说明吃东西前要考虑清楚它给你带来的影响，故G项“然而，你应该打破这种认知习惯”符合，与空前构成转折关系，并引出后文，故选G项。
40．【F】根据空后“And you can’t always just talk yourself into stopping destructive behaviors.(你不能总是说服自己停止破坏性的行为。)”可知，空后是F项“饮食失调被定义为一种心理疾病”的顺义承接，饮食失调是一种心理疾病，并且不能总是说服自己停止这种破坏性的行为，故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用（共四节, 满分55分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023春·湖南省·高一大联考）William Dunn is the founder of Take a Kid Fishing, which teaches fatherless kids through fishing. Ten years ago, William noticed his six-year old neighbor, Camran, seemed 41 . He’d storm out of the house, shouting at his 42 . One day, William saw the boy outside and started a conversation. Camran 43 that his dad wasn’t in his life.
William asked Camran’s mother for 44 to take him fishing. Camran was interested from that first trip. The two fished together several times a week, and William saw 45 changes in Camran’s behaviour. Soon William 46 more kids in the neighbourhood in his activity.
William and other volunteers 47 take 20 to 25 kids out fishing on a boat on weekends. Besides the neighbourhood, William 48 local orphanage to invite the kids to spend the day on the water. Many have never been fishing or even on a boat, so William starts by teaching the 49 . Then come the life lessons that fishing 50 : patience, teamwork and the simple joy of 51 in the outdoors.
So far, this organization has taken more than 600 fishing 52 with almost 2, 000 fatherless kids. Many kids choose to catch and 53 , but on a recent trip, they kept the fish and enjoyed their delicious fishmeal that night.
Fishing did have a huge impact on children. 54 , if you know a child who you get on well with, introduce them to fishing. The activity doesn’t matter as much as your 55 in their lives.
41．A．glad B．angry C．sad D．fearful
42．A．mother B．sister C．father D．brother
43．A．remembered B．discussed C．reported D．shared
44．A．advice B．permission C．support D．time
45．A．different B．common C．positive D．right
46．A．tricked B．persuaded C．involved D．forced
47．A．regularly B．actively C．gradually D．carefully
48．A．looks down on B．lives up to C．gets down to D．reaches out to
49．A．measures B．basics C．hobbies D．problems
50．A．sends B．improves C．advocates D．offers
51．A．studying B．working C．relaxing D．creating
52．A．barbecues B．trips C．meals D．parties
53．A．release B．research C．raise D．kill
54．A．Instead B．However C．Therefore D．Rather
55．A．inspiration B．challenge C．action D．presence
【参考答案】
41． B 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．C 46．C 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．D
51．C 52．B 53．A 54．C 55．D
【语篇解读】
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了William Dunn通过建立一个非盈利组织来帮助没有父亲的孩子感受父爱的故事。
【详情解析】
41．【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：十年前，威廉注意到他六岁的邻居卡姆兰似乎很生气。A. glad高兴的；B. angry生气的；C. sad伤心的；D. fearful害怕的。根据下文“He’d storm out of the house, shouting at”可知，卡姆兰很生气。故选B。
42．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他冲出房子，对着他母亲大喊大叫。A. mother母亲；B. sister姐妹；C. father父亲；D. brother兄弟。根据下文“Camran 43 that his dad wasn’t in his life”和下文“William asked Camran’s mother”可知，卡姆兰没有父亲，对着自己的母亲喊叫。故选A。
43．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡姆兰分享说，他的父亲不在他的生活中。A. remembered记住；B. discussed讨论；C. reported报道；D. shared共享，把……告诉某人。根据上文“William saw the boy outside and started a conversation”可知，威廉与卡姆兰交谈，卡姆兰和他分享说自己没有父亲。故选D。
44．【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：威廉请求卡姆兰的妈妈允许他带他钓鱼。A. advice建议；B. permission允许；C. support支持；D. time时间。根据下文“take him fishing”并结合常识，带六岁的卡姆兰去钓鱼理应获得他母亲的允许。故选B。
45．【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两人每周一起钓鱼几次，威廉看到卡姆兰的行为发生了积极的变化。A. different不同的；B. common常见的；C. positive积极的；乐观的；D. right正确的。根据下文“Soon William 46 more kids in the neighbourhood in his activity.”可知，威廉带更多地孩子去钓鱼，说明这项活动对卡姆兰的行为产生了影响，他的行为有了积极的改变。故选C。
46．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，威廉让更多的邻居孩子参与到他的活动中来。A. tricked欺骗；B. persuaded说服；C. involved牵涉；包含；D. forced迫使。根据下文“take 20 to 25 kids out fishing”可知，威廉让更多的孩子参与到这项活动中来。involve sb. in sth.“让某人参与某事”。故选C。
47．【A】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在周末，威廉和其他志愿者经常带着20到25个孩子去租船钓鱼。A. regularly经常地；B. actively积极地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. carefully仔细地。根据前文“The two fished together several times a week”可知，威廉和志愿者经常带孩子们去钓鱼。故选A。
48．【D】考查动词短语辨析。句意：除了这个社区，威廉联系了当地的孤儿院邀请孩子们在水上度过一天。A. looks down on瞧不起；B. lives up to不辜负；C. gets down to开始做某事；D. reaches out to联系。根据下文“to invite the kids to spend the day on the water”可知，威廉联系当地孤儿院邀请那里的孩子一起去钓鱼。故选D。
49．【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多从来没有钓过鱼，甚至没有坐过船，所以威廉从教基础知识开始。A. measures措施；B. basics基础；C. hobbies爱好；D. problems问题。根据前文“Many have never been fishing or even on a boat”可知，许多孩子们没有钓过鱼，因此威廉从基础知识开始教他们。故选B。
50．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后是钓鱼所提供的生活教训：耐心、团队合作和在户外放松的简单乐趣。A. sends派遣；B. improves提高；改善；C. advocates提倡；D. offers提供。根据前文“Then come the life lessons ”和下文“patience, teamwork”可知，这里说的是钓鱼提供的生活益处。故选D。
51．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. studying学习；B. working工作；C. relaxing放松；D. creating创造。根据前文“patience, teamwork”可知，此处讲述钓鱼带来的益处，结合常识钓鱼可以让人放松。故选C。
52．【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：迄今为止，这个组织已经带近2000个没有父亲的孩子进行了600多次钓鱼旅行。A. barbecues烧烤；B. trips旅行；C. meals膳食；D. parties聚会。根据下文“on a recent trip”可知，此处说的是钓鱼之旅。故选B。
53．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多孩子选择捕捉和释放，但在最近一次，他们保留了鱼，那天晚上享受了他们美味的鱼餐。A. release释放；B. research研究；C. raise提升；举起；D. kill杀死。根据下文“but on a recent trip, they kept the fish and enjoyed their delicious fishmeal that night.”可知，上下文是转折关系，下文说明他们保留了鱼吃了鱼餐，因此推断许多孩子以前是释放掉捉到的鱼。故选A。
54．【C】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，如果你认识一个和你相处融洽的孩子，介绍他们钓鱼。A. Instead代替；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Rather反而。根据前文“Fishing did have a huge impact on children.”可知，前后文是因果关系，钓鱼对孩子们有积极影响，因此带孩子们去钓鱼。故选C。
55．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个活动并不像你在他们的生活中的存在那么重要。A. inspiration灵感；鼓舞；B. challenge挑战；C. action行动；D. presence存在。根据前文“William Dunn is the founder of Take a Kid Fishing, which teaches fatherless kids through fishing.”和“The two fished together several times a week, and William saw 45 changes in Camran’s behaviour.”可知，威廉带没有父亲的孩子去钓鱼，尽管钓鱼活动对他们的行为有了积极的影响，主要还是威廉的存在和陪伴更重要。因此活动本身不如你的存在更重要。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nowadays the Internet plays an important role in our daily life. So far, most of our lives 56 (record)online. We set up email and online shopping accounts; we download music, films, games and e-books; we post and repost on Sina Weibo and WeChat.
Together, these things make 57 our “digital legacy(数字遗产)”. What can we do with our legacy when our last day comes?
A Us tech company is testing a new digital legacy service. With it, you can pass on your personal date such as 58 (photo), videos, notes and other information to your family members.
As 59 matter of fact, there are two types of digital legacy. One is what we buy with money, such as virtual coins and game equipment. As they are worth some money, they can be passed down to 60 (they)family members. The other kind is things such as social media accounts. Dealing with these 61 (be) a difficult problem.
Although you may have created your accounts, you don’t 62 (true) own them—Internet companies do. You only have the right 63 (use) them. For example, your Taobao account might be closed by the company if you haven’t logged in for more than six months Is it possible to get everything 64 (remove)? The answer may be “Yes”. The European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation went into effect in 2018. According to it, people have a right to remove personal data, 65 is also known as “the right to be forgotten”.
【参考答案】
56． have been recorded 57．up 58．photos 59．a 60．their
61．is 62．truly 63．to use 64．removed 65．which
【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“数字遗产”的构成，类型及其应用等。
【详情解析】
56．考查时态语态。句意：迄今为止，我们大部分的生活都是在网上记录的。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中so far为现在完成时时间标志。同时，主语Most of our lives和动词record是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been recorded。
57．考查固定搭配。句意：总之，这些东西构成了我们的“数字遗产”。make up固定搭配，意为“构成”。故填up。
58．考查名词。句意：有了它，你可以把你的个人资料，如照片、视频、笔记和其他信息传递给你的朋友或家人。photo是可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。故填photos。
59．考查冠词。句意：事实上，有两种类型的数字遗产。as a matter of fact固定搭配，表示“事实上”。故填a。
60．考查代词。句意：因为它们值一些钱，所以可以传给家人。此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词短语family members。故填their。
61．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：处理这些是一个困难的问题。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是动名词，为第三人称单数，所以be动词应用is。故填is。
62．考查副词。句意：虽然你可能已经创建了自己的账户，但你并不真正拥有它们——互联网公司拥有。动词own应用副词来修饰，使用副词作状语。故填truly。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：你只有使用它们的权利。the right to do sth.固定搭配，意为“做某事的权利”，使用不定式结构。故填to use。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意：有可能把所有东西都移走吗？分析句子，句中get sth done为固定短语，意为“使某事被做”，宾语everything和动词remove是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填removed。
65．考查定语从句。句意：根据它，人们有权删除个人资料，这也被称为“被遗忘的权利”。分析句子，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个事实，应用关系代词which来引导。故填which。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，最近收到了你的美国朋友 Jane 的来信。她在信中说，她刚进高中，不能适应新的环境，不知如何去结交新朋友，因而情绪低落。请你给她写一封回信，回信内容应包括如下要点：
1. 向Jane表示问候和安慰。
2. 针对她的问题提出以下建议：
(1)同学遇到麻烦时，要去帮助他们；
(2)放学后邀请同学一起参加活动；
(3)其他建议。
注意：
1. 词数 100 左右，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 信的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Jane,
I am really sorry to hear that you feel bad after entering high school._________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【参考答案】
Dear Jane,
I am really sorry to hear that you feel bad after entering high school. I’d like to talk about it with you.
In fact, in your high school, your classmates are also new students and facing the same problem, so you don’t have to worry too much about it. There is also something that you can do to change this situation. First, try to invite some of your classmates to take part in some activities together after school. This will help you understand each other better. Then, help your classmates when they are in trouble and turn to them for help when you have difficulty. Finally, invite students to join in activities after school.
I believe you will make many new friends and have a happy school life there.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【语篇解读】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“美国朋友John因不适应新环境、不知道如何去结交新朋友而情绪低落”一事，提出相关建议。
【详情解析】
1.词汇积累
事实上：in fact→as a matter of fact
首先：first→first of all
参加：take part in→participate in
帮助某人做某事：help sb. do sth.→assist sb. to do sth.
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：First, try to invite some of your classmates to take part in some activities together after school. This will help you understand each other better.
拓展句：First, try to invite some of your classmates to take part in some activities together after school, which will help you understand each other better.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】There is also something that you can do to change this situation. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】I believe you will make many new friends and have a happy school life there. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Race
After watching my son Todd run in a race, I made my usual comment (评论), “Todd, I could walk faster than those women run.” Todd laughed as he knew I wasn’t a runner. “Listen, Mom, how about running with me next year at this race?” Without thinking, I agreed to this challenge. I felt it’s a piece of cake!
Never did I imagine what the next year would bring. When it was almost time for this race to occur, Todd died in a car accident. A few of his friends knew this “challenge” I had agreed to with Todd. They started to encourage me to run the race. Honestly speaking, I had almost forgotten what I said.
Thinking deeply, I decided I should keep my promise to Todd. The first thing I did was buy some running clothes. I might look good, even though I hadn’t trained.
The day of the race came. I felt pretty sad, but I started off. It wasn’t long before a man started to run next to me. The man was very talkative. He kept saying how tired he was. The chatter went on and on. The race was over, and this man’s wife won! I was just happy to finish and keep my promise to Todd.
I came home, and my neighbor asked about the race. I told him what had happened. My neighbor laughed, “Kay, don’t you know what this guy was doing? He thought you were the competition by the way you were dressed. He wanted his wife to win. ” “Oh really!?”
The following year I did train. I even bought some tapes called “Win At Sports” and listened to them daily. If this man thought I was the competition, you could bet I was going to be the competition. His attitude in that race built a fire in me! The race was on!
注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When it was time for the race, I was all dressed and ready._________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
I stayed behind this man’s wife almost the whole race.____________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
【参考答案】
When it was time for the race, I was all dressed and ready. It was very cold that day, but I didn’t care. I took off all my warm clothes and ran with only a shirt and shorts on. Nothing was going to weigh me down. The tapes I listened to talked about how to run the race. It gave ideas about staying behind and knowing when to make the move. I played the race over and over in my mind. Now the time had come to put it into practice.
I stayed behind this man’s wife almost the whole race. All of a sudden I saw HIM! There her husband was by the roadside and not in the race like the year before. I’ll never forget his words to his wife, “Watch out! She’s right behind you.” Well, mister, not anymore. Those were the words I needed to hear. I ran right past her and won the race! That running brought me comfort and relief. I fell on the grass and cried my eyes out.
【语篇解读】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者观看儿子比赛后，作者的儿子邀请作者第二年一起比赛，作者接受了这个挑战，就在第二年比赛快开始的时候，作者的儿子去世了，作者决定遵守对儿子的承诺参加比赛，结果比赛中一个男的和作者说话，结果这个作者的妻子赢得了比赛，最后作者在这个人的影响下认真准备第二年的比赛。
【详情解析】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“比赛时间到了，我已经穿戴整齐，准备好了。”可知，第一段可描写作者为比赛做充分的准备。
②由第二段首句内容“我几乎在整个比赛中都站在这个男人的妻子后面。”可知，第二段可描写比赛过程和作者赢得比赛。
2.续写线索：脱掉衣服开始跑步——想起磁带里的内容——看到那个男人——作者超过男人的妻子赢得比赛——感想
3.词汇激活
行为类
①脱掉：take off/slip off
②超过：run past/outrun
情绪类
①安慰：comfort/solace/relief
【点睛】
[高分句型1] The tapes I listened to talked about how to run the race. (由that/which引导的定语从句，省略了that)
[高分句型2] Those were the words I needed to hear. (由that/which引导的定语从句，省略了that)
2023-2024学年高一英语上学期第一次月考
B卷·重点难点过关测
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man like doing?
A．Dancing. B．Walking. C．Singing.
【答案】C
【原文】
W: Hi, Sam. Do you want to dance?
M: No, thank you. I’m not a good dancer at all. I prefer to sing.
2．Where is Larry now?
A．In his office. B．At home. C．In a classroom.
【答案】C
【原文】
W: Hello, Tom. This is Anne in the office. Is Larry at home?
M: No, he’s in class now. He’ll be home for lunch.
3．What did the man do last weekend?
A．He hurt his knee. B．He played football. C．He did his homework.
【答案】A
【原文】
W: What’s wrong with your foot?
M: It’s not that. It’s my knee-I hurt it playing badminton last weekend.
4．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．Which movie to see. B．Where to go. C．Where to park.
【答案】B
【原文】
M: Let’s go to Riato to see a movie.
W: Oh, no. That’s too far away. What about Grand Theater?
M: But it’s hard to find a place to park there.
5．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Classmates. B．Colleagues. (同事) C．Teacher and student.
【答案】B
【原文】
W: I often mistake Mark for Tom in class. Can you tell them apart?
M: No. They are twins, and many teachers make the same mistake like us.
W: It is really a little embarrassing to make mistakes all the time facing so many students.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。
6．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Teacher and student. B．Colleagues(同事). C．Classmates.
7．What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A．How to improve listening skills
B．How to take notes better.
C．How to concentrate in class.
【答案】6．C 7．B
【原文】
M: Anna, Mr. Smith said that your notes are the best in our class. Any good suggestions?
W: Oh, Bob, I usually focus on what I am listening to in class and make simple notes quickly, then complete the whole content after class.
M: Thank you for your sharing. I got it.
听下面一段对话，回答第8 至第10题。
8．Who is the woman?
A．The man’s classmate. B．Annie’s sister. C．Annie’s roommate.
9．What does the man want to tell Annie?
A．His new address. B．His visit. C．Hotel information.
10．How can Annie get in touch with the man?
A．Send him an urgent message.
B．Dial the phone number 4934975.
C．Go to Room 668, the Terminal Hotel.
【答案】8．C 9．B 10．B
【原文】
M: Hello, is that Annie?
W: No, I’m one of her roommates. She’s out, you know, shopping.
M: When will she be back, do you think?
W: Oh, I don’t know. Hang on a moment. I mean who wants her?
M: I’m a friend of hers. Look, would you be so kind to give her a message?
W: Hang on while I get a pen...OK. What’s the message?
M: My name is Kris Schuster, Room 688, the Terminal Hotel, Washington. I’ll go to see her next week.
W: Does she know your phone number?
M: It’s 4934975. You won’t forget to tell her it’s urgent, will you?
W: Don’t worry. I’ll tell her.
M: Thanks. Bye-bye.
听下面一段对话，回答第11 至第 13题。
11．Why does John go to the gym?
A．To lose weight. B．To gain muscle. C．To work as a trainer.
12．What will John do on Friday?
A．Visit his grandma. B．Do muscle training (肌肉训练). C．Work overtime (加班).
13．When will the speakers go to the movies?
A．On Monday. B．On Thursday. C．On Saturday.
【答案】11．B 12．A 13．C
【原文】
W: John, how about seeing the new movie after work today?
M: Jane, I’m afraid I can’t go with you today. Recently I decided to go to the gym after work.
W: Sounds great. Are you trying to gain muscle?
M: Yes. My trainer suggested I do muscle training on Monday and Wednesday, and do some other training on Tuesday and Thursday.
W: I got it. Let’s see it on Friday night!
M: Sorry, I am going to visit my grandma on Friday. Let’s meet at Green Cinema on Saturday!
W: It’s up to you. I’m OK at any time after work.
M: See you on Saturday night.
听下面一段对话，回答第14 至第17题。
14．Who is the woman talking with?
A．Her teacher. B．Her uncle. C．Her classmate.
15．Where did the earthquake take place according to the woman?
A．In New Zealand. B．In America. C．In Canada.
16．Why did the woman come back to Canada?
A．She got hurt in the earthquake.
B．She wanted to take a break.
C．She took an exchange program.
17．When is the woman going back to school?
A．In two weeks. B．In a month. C．In two months.
【答案】14．B 15．A 16．B 17．A
【原文】
M: Hi, Sally. I haven’t seen you in years! What are you up to these days?
W: Good to see you, Uncle Jimmy. I’m planning to go back to university.
M: Aren’t you studying in New Zealand?
W: That’s right. But there was a big earthquake during my third year, so I took a break and came back to Canada.
M: Oh, no. Did you get hurt?
W: No, I was fine. But I just decided to come back for a couple of months.
M: Okay. So when are you going back to school?
W: In two weeks. I’m actually finishing my last year in Australia through an exchange program.
M: That’s cool.
W: What about you? When are you going back to America?
M: In a month.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。
18．How can frozen food be kept cold at ordinary temperatures?
A．By using bags. B．By using water. C．By using paper.
19．What is advised to do when camping?
A．Use special dry foods. B．Never cook meat or eggs. C．Keep milk in a cooler box.
20．What is the passage mainly about?
A．How to pick up fresh food.
B．How to eat healthily in different weather.
C．How to keep food from going bad in summer.
【答案】18．A 19．A 20．C
【原文】
During the summer you should be even more careful than usual because food goes bad faster in hot weather than in cold weather. When you buy frozen and refrigerated foods, don’t make long stops on your way home because frozen foods could become soft or warm. Using bags helps keep food cold until you can get home. Milk and milk products should be refrigerated immediately. When camping or picnicking or at any time when refrigeration can’t be made use of, use special dry foods. Don’t leave food in a hot car. Picnic favorites like meat, chicken and eggs should be kept in a cooler box. Above all, if the food doesn’t seem to be normal in smell or appearance, throw it away immediately. Don’t taste it.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A（2023秋·山东·高一山东省实验中学校考）
Four Volunteer Abroad Programs
Walking Tree Travel
This program offers volunteer projects in English teaching, the environment, community development, etc, in a dozen countries. It has a mission to inspire individuals to become global citizens and take an interest in the world around them. Therefore, it provides trips focusing on volunteer opportunities for high school students that actively engage travelers in global communities.
Tanzania: Dance Program
On this project, you are invited to Arusha, Tanzania to develop dance workshops for local schools and orphanages (孤儿院). Dance is just one of the many amazing aspects of the primary education system and culture that you’ll learn about in Tanzania, and you’ll have a wonderful opportunity to volunteer with local children, learn about their culture and dances, and teach them about your culture and background as well.
St. Lucia Volunteer Program
Through this program, you’ll support children who are facing challenges in nutrition, healthcare, and education. In partnership with local schools and community organizations, you’ll provide maternal and infant (母婴) support, present childcare workshops to parents, help with early childhood education, teach health and hygiene (卫生) lessons, and many more.
Volunteering Journeys
This program prides itself on personal attention and tailored experiences for all participants, as well as high-quality service and positions that actively engage scientists, doctors, teachers, and community leaders. Right now, Volunteering Journeys is offering many different opportunities to teen and high school travelers, including family volunteer holidays, summer volunteer programs, and teen-friendly positions on many different projects in Africa and Asia.
21．What does Walking Tree Travel aim to do?
A．Make contributions to improving the environment.
B．Advertise English teaching programs in some countries.
C．Encourage individuals to have an international outlook.
D．Inspire high school students to engage in community development.
22．What might be a requirement for participants in St. Lucia Volunteer Program?
A．Showing outstanding leadership. B．Being cautious and sensitive.
C．Having rich teaching experience. D．Having knowledge about nutrition and healthcare.
23．Which program would you choose if expecting to communicate with scientists and doctors?
A．Walking Tree Travel. B．Volunteering Journeys.
C．Tanzania: Dance Program. D．St. Lucia Volunteer Program.
【参考答案】
21．C 22．D 23．B
【语篇解读】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个海外志愿者项目的情况。
【详情解析】
21．【C】细节理解题。根据第一段“It has a mission to inspire individuals to become global citizens and take an interest in the world around them. (它的使命是激励个人成为世界公民，并对周围的世界感兴趣)”可知，Walking Tree Travel的目的是鼓励个人拥有国际视野。故选C。
22．【D】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In partnership with local schools and community organizations, you’ll provide maternal and infant (母婴) support, present childcare workshops to parents, help with early childhood education, teach health and hygiene (卫生) lessons, and many more. (与当地学校和社区组织合作，你将提供母婴支持，为父母举办育儿讲习班，帮助儿童早期教育，教授健康和卫生课程等等)”可知，要求圣卢西亚义工计划的参加者具备营养和保健知识。故选D。
23．【B】细节理解题。根据最后一段“This program prides itself on personal attention and tailored experiences for all participants, as well as high-quality service and positions that actively engage scientists, doctors, teachers, and community leaders. (该计划以个人关注和为所有参与者量身定制的体验，以及高质量的服务和积极参与科学家，医生，教师和社区领袖的职位而自豪)”可知，如果你希望与科学家和医生交流，你可以选择Volunteering Journeys。故选B。
B（2023春·河北石家庄·高一石家庄一中校联考）
Do I Know You?
Cecilia Burman has always had a problem with faces. As a child, she struggled to pick out her own face in school photos, and she is hard pressed today to describe her mother’s features. Over the years she has offended countless friends, passing them on neighborhood streets or in office half ways like strangers. “People think I am just snobby, ”says Burman, 38, a computer consultant in Stockholm. “It makes me really, really sad to lose new friends because they think I couldn’t bother to say hello.”
There is a name for Burman’s condition: prosopagnosia or, more informally, face blindness. The disorder was thought to be extremely rare and mainly a result of brain injury. Until a few years ago, there were perhaps 100 officially recorded cases, says Ken Nakayama, a professor of psychology at Harvard.
Within that group of sufferers, however, the condition varies widely. For the vast majority, the problem is not so much about detecting a face. Prosopagnosics can see eyes, noses and mouths as clearly as anyone else. It is about recognizing the same set of features when seeing them again. While mild prosopagnosics can train themselves to memorize a limited number of faces(it is said to be like learning to distinguish one stone from another), others struggle to identify family members and, in extreme cases, their own faces. Gaylen Howard, 40, a homemaker in Boulder, says that when she is in front of a mirror in a crowded restroom, she makes a funny face so that, as she puts it, “I can tell which one is me.”
For now, it is enough for face-blind people like Burman, who has spent a lifetime being misjudged as lazy and uncaring, to know that there are many others out there like her. Burman made her first contact with fellow prosopagnosics on an Internet mailing list in 2000. “It was only then that I really recognized my own situation in theirs,” she says. “It was such a relief. I cried for days.”
24．The underlined word “snobby” in paragraph 1 most probably means “___________”
A．strange B．superior
C．cruel D．stupid
25．Why did Burman cry for days?
A．She got fully understood by all the people around her.
B．Prosopagnosia can finally be cured now.
C．She realized she was not alone who suffered from face blindness.
D．She gained the ability to recognize the same set of facial features.
26．Which of the following statements is true about prosopagnosia according to the passage?
A．Prosopagnosia is in fact quite common.
B．The disorder results from brain injury.
C．Burman has no difficulty recognizing her own features.
D．Face-blind people are not necessarily snobby.
27．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that____
A．Face-blind people are often thought offensive by those who have no idea of their situation.
B．Burman made great contributions to the internet platform concerning prosopagnosia.
C．There are more and more face-blind people.
D．That prosopagnosia can be cured has brought great relief to people who suffer a lot from it.
【参考答案】
24．B 25．C 26．B 27．A
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Burman因为脸盲症被他人误解，最终了解到跟她有同样情况的人很多，因此得到了一丝宽慰。
【详情解析】
24．【B】词句猜测题。根据文章第一段话“Over the years she has offended countless friends, passing them on neighborhood streets or in office half ways like strangers.(多年来，她得罪了无数的朋友，像陌生人一样在社区的街道上或办公室的半路上与他们擦肩而过。)”可知，她多年来得罪了很多朋友，路上遇到同事都像陌生人一样。因此给他们的印象是她很高傲。划线词与B项最为接近。故选B项。
25．【C】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段话“For now, it is enough for face-blind people like Burman, who has spent a lifetime being misjudged as lazy and uncaring, to know that there are many others out there like her. Burman made her first contact with fellow prosopagnosics on an Internet mailing list in 2000. “It was only then that I really recognized my own situation in theirs,” she says. “It was such a relief. I cried for days.”(现在，对于像Burman这样的脸盲患者来说，她一生都被误解为懒惰和冷漠，知道世界上还有很多像她这样的人就足够了。2000年，Burman在一个互联网邮件列表上第一次接触到面孔失认症患者。她说：“直到那时，我才真正认识到自己的处境和他们的处境一样。”“这真的给了我一丝宽慰。我哭了好几天。”)”可知，她了解到了世界上跟她有同样情况的人很多。故选C项。
26．【B】细节理解题。根据文章第二段话“The disorder was thought to be extremely rare and mainly a result of brain injury.(这种疾病被认为是极其罕见的，主要是脑损伤的结果。)”可知，这种病主要是脑损伤导致的。故选B项。
27．【A】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段话“For now, it is enough for face-blind people like Burman, who has spent a lifetime being misjudged as lazy and uncaring, to know that there are many others out there like her. Burman made her first contact with fellow prosopagnosics on an Internet mailing list in 2000. “It was only then that I really recognized my own situation in theirs,” she says. “It was such a relief. I cried for days.”(现在，对于像Burman这样的脸盲患者来说，她一生都被误解为懒惰和冷漠，知道世界上还有很多像她这样的人就足够了。2000年，伯曼在一个互联网邮件列表上第一次接触到面孔失认症患者。她说：“直到那时，我才真正认识到自己的处境和他们的处境一样。”“这真的给了我一丝宽慰。我哭了好几天。”)”可知，患脸盲症的人经常被那些不了解他们处境的人认为是无礼的。故选A项。
C（2023春·湖北武汉·高一华中师大一附中校考）
Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
28．What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?
A．The use of drones in checking on power lines. B．Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.
C．The reduction of cost in designing drones. D．Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.
29．What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Personnel safety. B．Assistance from drones.
C．Inspection and repair. D．Construction of infrastructure.
30．What function is expected of the rail drones?
A．To provide early warning. B．To make trains run automatically.
C．To earn profits for the crews. D．To accelerate transportation.
31．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones B．How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C．What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face D．How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
【参考答案】
28．A 29．C 30．A 31．D
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。应用今天的“空中之眼”的技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。
【详情解析】
28．【A】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.(无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和换乘点的正确位置)”可推知，使用无人机检查电力线使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能。故选A。
29．【C】词义猜测题。根据后文“It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. (据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施)”可知花在maintenance上的费用是用于“inspect and repair the rail infrastructure （检查和维修铁路基础设施”，由此可知“That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety”是指大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全，画线词和 C项：Inspection and repair(检修)含义相近。故选C。
30．【A】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.(带有先进传感器和人工智能的非常小的无人机可以像副驾驶一样在火车前面行驶。凭借他们的预见能力，他们可以发出任何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的火车能够及时做出反应)”可知，对于无人机期待的功能是提前发现问题。故选A。
31．【D】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Can a small group of drones(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that the millions of kilometers of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施)worldwide are safe for trains on a24/7 basis.(一小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可靠的同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元？这很可能是应用今天的“空中之眼”技术的未来，以确保全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行。)”以及后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能;第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全；第四段讲到了通过使用最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，所以D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。”符合文章中心思想，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
D（2023春·浙江舟山·高一舟山中学校考）
We are all aware of the damaging pollution that’s created by driving petrol and diesel (柴油) vehicles. Many of the world’s cities are blocked with traffic, creating fumes containing gases such as nitrogen oxides. The solution for a cleaner, greener future could be electric vehicles. But how optimistic should we be? There was much excitement last year when the UK government announced it will ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars from 2030. But is that easier said than done?
The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off. Currently, battery life is an issue — a fully charged battery won’t take you as far as a full tank of petrol. There are also limited numbers of charging points to plug an EV into. Of course, technology is always improving. Some of the biggest tech companies, like Google and Tesla, are spending huge amounts of money developing electric cars. And most of the big car manufacturers are now making them too. Colin Herron, a consultant on low-carbon vehicle technology, told the BBC: “The big leap forward will come with solid state batteries, which will appear first in mobile phones and laptops before they progress to cars.” These will charge more quickly and give cars a bigger range. Cost is another issue that may discourage people switching to electric power. But some countries offer incentive, such as cutting prices by reducing import taxes, and not charging for road tax and parking. Some also provide exclusive lanes for electric cars to be driven on, overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams.
These kinds of measures have made Norway the country with the most electric cars per capita (人均) at more than thirty electric cars per 1000 inhabitants. But Colin Herron warns that “electric motoring” doesn’t mean a zero-carbon future. “It’s emission-free motoring, but the car has to be built, the battery has to be built, and the electricity does come from somewhere.” Maybe it’s time to think about making fewer journeys or using public transport.
32．What can we infer from the question at the end of paragraph 1?
A．We should not be too optimistic about the future.
B．Electric vehicles may not solve the traffic problems.
C．It’s not a good idea to replace petrol vehicles with electric ones.
D．It is not easy to obtain a greener future by means of electric vehicles.
33．What does the underlined word “incentive” mean in paragraph 3?
A．compensation B．allowance C．encouragement D．privilege
34．Which statement is true according to the passage?
A．Electric motoring will create a zero-carbon future.
B．Electric cars might not get stuck in traffic jams in the future.
C．There are four obstacles on the road to global traffic being totally electric.
D．Putting solid-state batteries in electric cars first will be a “great leap forward”.
35．What is the most suitable title for the text?
A．Total Electric Traffic: a Long Way to Go
B．Electric Vehicles: a Road to a Greener Future
C．Electric Power or Petrol: a Tough Decision to Make
D．Petrol and Diesel Vehicles: a Main source of Gases
【参考答案】
32．D 33．C 34．B 35．A
【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电动汽车的好处以及仍然面临的一些挑战。
【详情解析】
32．【D】推理判断题。根据第二段“The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off. Currently, battery life is an issue — a fully charged battery won’t take you as far as a full tank of petrol. There are also limited numbers of charging points to plug an EV into. (实现全球交通完全电动化还有很长的路要走。目前，电池寿命是个问题——一块充满电的电池续航时间还不如一箱汽油续航时间长。电动汽车的充电点数量也有限)”可推知，通过电动汽车获得一个更环保的未来并不容易。故选D。
33．【C】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“such as cutting prices by reducing import taxes, and not charging for road tax and parking. Some also provide exclusive lanes for electric cars to be driven on, overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams.”可知，有些国家通过降低进口税来降低价格，不收取道路税和停车费。有些还为电动汽车提供专用车道，以超越可能陷入拥堵的传统汽车，这些都是鼓励人们购买的措施。故画线词意思是“鼓励”。故选C。
34．【B】细节理解题。根据第二段“Some also provide exclusive lanes for electric cars to be driven on, overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams.(有些还为电动汽车提供专用车道，以超越可能陷入拥堵的传统汽车)”可知，B选项“电动汽车将来可能不会陷入交通堵塞”正确。故选B。
35．【A】主旨大意题。根据第二段“The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off.(实现全球交通完全电动化还有很长的路要走)”结合文章介绍了电动汽车的好处以及仍然面临的一些挑战。可知，A选项“全电动交通：任重道远”最符合文章标题，故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A lot of people tend to choose a balanced diet in order to keep fit, but being on a healthy diet goes beyond simply eating more fruits and vegetables. You also need to change your mindset(观念模式) about food. Take a hard look at your eating habits. Do you eat more when you feel stressed? Do you reduce your food intake on purpose in order to feel like you are in control? If your answer is ”yes" , then you probably have held a problematic attitude toward food, and 36 .
37 If you find that you tend to eat unhealthy foods when you’re stressed, find an alternative activity. You could instead go for a walk, take a bath, or call a trusted friend for a chat. Whatever you choose, it should be something that can ease your stress. 38
Consider food as fuel. A lot of people believe that eating is an important way to have fun or kill time. This belief is quite common. 39 You’d better think carefully about the exact effects the food would have on you before putting it into your mouth. Is it good for your health? Does it influence your bodily functions positively or negatively?
Get medical support from professionals. 40 And you can’t always just talk yourself into stopping destructive behaviors. If you suspect that you have an eating disorder, whether it’s overeating or undereating, consult a medical specialist and get professional help.
A．Find a healthier replacement.
B．Hold a healthy attitude toward food.
C．Do you know how to choose healthy foods?
D．the following tips can help you change it.
E．This may help you no longer feel the need to eat.
F．Eating disorders are classified as mental illnesses.
G．However, you should break this cognitive (认知的)habit.
【参考答案】
36．D 37．A 38．E 39．G 40．F
【语篇解读】
本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何改变关于饮食健康的观念模式。
【详情解析】
36．【D】根据空前“If your answer is ”yes" , then you probably have held a problematic attitude toward food, and(如果你的答案是肯定，那么，你可能对食物的态度是错误的，)”可知，空前提出你的食物的态度是有问题的，故D项“以下的建议能帮助你改变它”符合，引出下文的具体方法，且D项中的it指代空前的“a problematic attitude”，故选D项。
37．【A】根据空后“If you find that you tend to eat unhealthy foods when you’re stressed, find an alternative activity.(如果你发现但你感觉有压力想吃不健康的食物时，就找一个可替代的活动。)”可知，空后提出感觉有压力，想吃不健康的食物时，就找一个可替代的活动，故A项项“找到一个更健康的替代”符合本段首句，故选A项。
38．【E】根据空前“Whatever you choose, it should be something that can ease your stress.(无论你的选择是什么，它都应该是能帮助你减轻压力的事情。)”可知，空前提出感到有压力想吃不健康的食物时，就去做一些其他的事情，无论你做什么，这些事都应该是能帮助你减轻压力，帮助你不再想要吃东西。故E项“这可能会帮助你不再想要吃东西”符合，故选E项。
39．【G】根据空前“A lot of people believe that eating is an important way to have fun or kill time. This belief is quite common.(很多人认为，吃可以让人开心，并打发时间，这种想法是十分常见的。)”和空后“You’d better think carefully about the exact effects the food would have on you before putting it into your mouth.(你最好在把食物放进嘴里之前，仔细想清楚这些食物可能对你带来的确切的影响。)”可知，空前提出吃东西来获得乐趣和打发时间是一种很常见的现象，空后说明吃东西前要考虑清楚它给你带来的影响，故G项“然而，你应该打破这种认知习惯”符合，与空前构成转折关系，并引出后文，故选G项。
40．【F】根据空后“And you can’t always just talk yourself into stopping destructive behaviors.(你不能总是说服自己停止破坏性的行为。)”可知，空后是F项“饮食失调被定义为一种心理疾病”的顺义承接，饮食失调是一种心理疾病，并且不能总是说服自己停止这种破坏性的行为，故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用（共四节, 满分55分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023春·湖南省·高一大联考）William Dunn is the founder of Take a Kid Fishing, which teaches fatherless kids through fishing. Ten years ago, William noticed his six-year old neighbor, Camran, seemed 41 . He’d storm out of the house, shouting at his 42 . One day, William saw the boy outside and started a conversation. Camran 43 that his dad wasn’t in his life.
William asked Camran’s mother for 44 to take him fishing. Camran was interested from that first trip. The two fished together several times a week, and William saw 45 changes in Camran’s behaviour. Soon William 46 more kids in the neighbourhood in his activity.
William and other volunteers 47 take 20 to 25 kids out fishing on a boat on weekends. Besides the neighbourhood, William 48 local orphanage to invite the kids to spend the day on the water. Many have never been fishing or even on a boat, so William starts by teaching the 49 . Then come the life lessons that fishing 50 : patience, teamwork and the simple joy of 51 in the outdoors.
So far, this organization has taken more than 600 fishing 52 with almost 2, 000 fatherless kids. Many kids choose to catch and 53 , but on a recent trip, they kept the fish and enjoyed their delicious fishmeal that night.
Fishing did have a huge impact on children. 54 , if you know a child who you get on well with, introduce them to fishing. The activity doesn’t matter as much as your 55 in their lives.
41．A．glad B．angry C．sad D．fearful
42．A．mother B．sister C．father D．brother
43．A．remembered B．discussed C．reported D．shared
44．A．advice B．permission C．support D．time
45．A．different B．common C．positive D．right
46．A．tricked B．persuaded C．involved D．forced
47．A．regularly B．actively C．gradually D．carefully
48．A．looks down on B．lives up to C．gets down to D．reaches out to
49．A．measures B．basics C．hobbies D．problems
50．A．sends B．improves C．advocates D．offers
51．A．studying B．working C．relaxing D．creating
52．A．barbecues B．trips C．meals D．parties
53．A．release B．research C．raise D．kill
54．A．Instead B．However C．Therefore D．Rather
55．A．inspiration B．challenge C．action D．presence
【参考答案】
41． B 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．C 46．C 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．D
51．C 52．B 53．A 54．C 55．D
【语篇解读】
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了William Dunn通过建立一个非盈利组织来帮助没有父亲的孩子感受父爱的故事。
【详情解析】
41．【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：十年前，威廉注意到他六岁的邻居卡姆兰似乎很生气。A. glad高兴的；B. angry生气的；C. sad伤心的；D. fearful害怕的。根据下文“He’d storm out of the house, shouting at”可知，卡姆兰很生气。故选B。
42．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他冲出房子，对着他母亲大喊大叫。A. mother母亲；B. sister姐妹；C. father父亲；D. brother兄弟。根据下文“Camran 43 that his dad wasn’t in his life”和下文“William asked Camran’s mother”可知，卡姆兰没有父亲，对着自己的母亲喊叫。故选A。
43．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡姆兰分享说，他的父亲不在他的生活中。A. remembered记住；B. discussed讨论；C. reported报道；D. shared共享，把……告诉某人。根据上文“William saw the boy outside and started a conversation”可知，威廉与卡姆兰交谈，卡姆兰和他分享说自己没有父亲。故选D。
44．【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：威廉请求卡姆兰的妈妈允许他带他钓鱼。A. advice建议；B. permission允许；C. support支持；D. time时间。根据下文“take him fishing”并结合常识，带六岁的卡姆兰去钓鱼理应获得他母亲的允许。故选B。
45．【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两人每周一起钓鱼几次，威廉看到卡姆兰的行为发生了积极的变化。A. different不同的；B. common常见的；C. positive积极的；乐观的；D. right正确的。根据下文“Soon William 46 more kids in the neighbourhood in his activity.”可知，威廉带更多地孩子去钓鱼，说明这项活动对卡姆兰的行为产生了影响，他的行为有了积极的改变。故选C。
46．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，威廉让更多的邻居孩子参与到他的活动中来。A. tricked欺骗；B. persuaded说服；C. involved牵涉；包含；D. forced迫使。根据下文“take 20 to 25 kids out fishing”可知，威廉让更多的孩子参与到这项活动中来。involve sb. in sth.“让某人参与某事”。故选C。
47．【A】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在周末，威廉和其他志愿者经常带着20到25个孩子去租船钓鱼。A. regularly经常地；B. actively积极地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. carefully仔细地。根据前文“The two fished together several times a week”可知，威廉和志愿者经常带孩子们去钓鱼。故选A。
48．【D】考查动词短语辨析。句意：除了这个社区，威廉联系了当地的孤儿院邀请孩子们在水上度过一天。A. looks down on瞧不起；B. lives up to不辜负；C. gets down to开始做某事；D. reaches out to联系。根据下文“to invite the kids to spend the day on the water”可知，威廉联系当地孤儿院邀请那里的孩子一起去钓鱼。故选D。
49．【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多从来没有钓过鱼，甚至没有坐过船，所以威廉从教基础知识开始。A. measures措施；B. basics基础；C. hobbies爱好；D. problems问题。根据前文“Many have never been fishing or even on a boat”可知，许多孩子们没有钓过鱼，因此威廉从基础知识开始教他们。故选B。
50．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后是钓鱼所提供的生活教训：耐心、团队合作和在户外放松的简单乐趣。A. sends派遣；B. improves提高；改善；C. advocates提倡；D. offers提供。根据前文“Then come the life lessons ”和下文“patience, teamwork”可知，这里说的是钓鱼提供的生活益处。故选D。
51．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. studying学习；B. working工作；C. relaxing放松；D. creating创造。根据前文“patience, teamwork”可知，此处讲述钓鱼带来的益处，结合常识钓鱼可以让人放松。故选C。
52．【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：迄今为止，这个组织已经带近2000个没有父亲的孩子进行了600多次钓鱼旅行。A. barbecues烧烤；B. trips旅行；C. meals膳食；D. parties聚会。根据下文“on a recent trip”可知，此处说的是钓鱼之旅。故选B。
53．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多孩子选择捕捉和释放，但在最近一次，他们保留了鱼，那天晚上享受了他们美味的鱼餐。A. release释放；B. research研究；C. raise提升；举起；D. kill杀死。根据下文“but on a recent trip, they kept the fish and enjoyed their delicious fishmeal that night.”可知，上下文是转折关系，下文说明他们保留了鱼吃了鱼餐，因此推断许多孩子以前是释放掉捉到的鱼。故选A。
54．【C】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，如果你认识一个和你相处融洽的孩子，介绍他们钓鱼。A. Instead代替；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Rather反而。根据前文“Fishing did have a huge impact on children.”可知，前后文是因果关系，钓鱼对孩子们有积极影响，因此带孩子们去钓鱼。故选C。
55．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个活动并不像你在他们的生活中的存在那么重要。A. inspiration灵感；鼓舞；B. challenge挑战；C. action行动；D. presence存在。根据前文“William Dunn is the founder of Take a Kid Fishing, which teaches fatherless kids through fishing.”和“The two fished together several times a week, and William saw 45 changes in Camran’s behaviour.”可知，威廉带没有父亲的孩子去钓鱼，尽管钓鱼活动对他们的行为有了积极的影响，主要还是威廉的存在和陪伴更重要。因此活动本身不如你的存在更重要。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nowadays the Internet plays an important role in our daily life. So far, most of our lives 56 (record)online. We set up email and online shopping accounts; we download music, films, games and e-books; we post and repost on Sina Weibo and WeChat.
Together, these things make 57 our “digital legacy(数字遗产)”. What can we do with our legacy when our last day comes?
A Us tech company is testing a new digital legacy service. With it, you can pass on your personal date such as 58 (photo), videos, notes and other information to your family members.
As 59 matter of fact, there are two types of digital legacy. One is what we buy with money, such as virtual coins and game equipment. As they are worth some money, they can be passed down to 60 (they)family members. The other kind is things such as social media accounts. Dealing with these 61 (be) a difficult problem.
Although you may have created your accounts, you don’t 62 (true) own them—Internet companies do. You only have the right 63 (use) them. For example, your Taobao account might be closed by the company if you haven’t logged in for more than six months Is it possible to get everything 64 (remove)? The answer may be “Yes”. The European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation went into effect in 2018. According to it, people have a right to remove personal data, 65 is also known as “the right to be forgotten”.
【参考答案】
56． have been recorded 57．up 58．photos 59．a 60．their
61．is 62．truly 63．to use 64．removed 65．which
【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“数字遗产”的构成，类型及其应用等。
【详情解析】
56．考查时态语态。句意：迄今为止，我们大部分的生活都是在网上记录的。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中so far为现在完成时时间标志。同时，主语Most of our lives和动词record是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been recorded。
57．考查固定搭配。句意：总之，这些东西构成了我们的“数字遗产”。make up固定搭配，意为“构成”。故填up。
58．考查名词。句意：有了它，你可以把你的个人资料，如照片、视频、笔记和其他信息传递给你的朋友或家人。photo是可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。故填photos。
59．考查冠词。句意：事实上，有两种类型的数字遗产。as a matter of fact固定搭配，表示“事实上”。故填a。
60．考查代词。句意：因为它们值一些钱，所以可以传给家人。此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词短语family members。故填their。
61．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：处理这些是一个困难的问题。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是动名词，为第三人称单数，所以be动词应用is。故填is。
62．考查副词。句意：虽然你可能已经创建了自己的账户，但你并不真正拥有它们——互联网公司拥有。动词own应用副词来修饰，使用副词作状语。故填truly。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：你只有使用它们的权利。the right to do sth.固定搭配，意为“做某事的权利”，使用不定式结构。故填to use。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意：有可能把所有东西都移走吗？分析句子，句中get sth done为固定短语，意为“使某事被做”，宾语everything和动词remove是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填removed。
65．考查定语从句。句意：根据它，人们有权删除个人资料，这也被称为“被遗忘的权利”。分析句子，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个事实，应用关系代词which来引导。故填which。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，最近收到了你的美国朋友 Jane 的来信。她在信中说，她刚进高中，不能适应新的环境，不知如何去结交新朋友，因而情绪低落。请你给她写一封回信，回信内容应包括如下要点：
1. 向Jane表示问候和安慰。
2. 针对她的问题提出以下建议：
(1)同学遇到麻烦时，要去帮助他们；
(2)放学后邀请同学一起参加活动；
(3)其他建议。
注意：
1. 词数 100 左右，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 信的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Jane,
I am really sorry to hear that you feel bad after entering high school._________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【参考答案】
Dear Jane,
I am really sorry to hear that you feel bad after entering high school. I’d like to talk about it with you.
In fact, in your high school, your classmates are also new students and facing the same problem, so you don’t have to worry too much about it. There is also something that you can do to change this situation. First, try to invite some of your classmates to take part in some activities together after school. This will help you understand each other better. Then, help your classmates when they are in trouble and turn to them for help when you have difficulty. Finally, invite students to join in activities after school.
I believe you will make many new friends and have a happy school life there.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【语篇解读】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“美国朋友John因不适应新环境、不知道如何去结交新朋友而情绪低落”一事，提出相关建议。
【详情解析】
1.词汇积累
事实上：in fact→as a matter of fact
首先：first→first of all
参加：take part in→participate in
帮助某人做某事：help sb. do sth.→assist sb. to do sth.
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：First, try to invite some of your classmates to take part in some activities together after school. This will help you understand each other better.
拓展句：First, try to invite some of your classmates to take part in some activities together after school, which will help you understand each other better.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】There is also something that you can do to change this situation. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】I believe you will make many new friends and have a happy school life there. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Race
After watching my son Todd run in a race, I made my usual comment (评论), “Todd, I could walk faster than those women run.” Todd laughed as he knew I wasn’t a runner. “Listen, Mom, how about running with me next year at this race?” Without thinking, I agreed to this challenge. I felt it’s a piece of cake!
Never did I imagine what the next year would bring. When it was almost time for this race to occur, Todd died in a car accident. A few of his friends knew this “challenge” I had agreed to with Todd. They started to encourage me to run the race. Honestly speaking, I had almost forgotten what I said.
Thinking deeply, I decided I should keep my promise to Todd. The first thing I did was buy some running clothes. I might look good, even though I hadn’t trained.
The day of the race came. I felt pretty sad, but I started off. It wasn’t long before a man started to run next to me. The man was very talkative. He kept saying how tired he was. The chatter went on and on. The race was over, and this man’s wife won! I was just happy to finish and keep my promise to Todd.
I came home, and my neighbor asked about the race. I told him what had happened. My neighbor laughed, “Kay, don’t you know what this guy was doing? He thought you were the competition by the way you were dressed. He wanted his wife to win. ” “Oh really!?”
The following year I did train. I even bought some tapes called “Win At Sports” and listened to them daily. If this man thought I was the competition, you could bet I was going to be the competition. His attitude in that race built a fire in me! The race was on!
注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When it was time for the race, I was all dressed and ready._________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
I stayed behind this man’s wife almost the whole race.____________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
【参考答案】
When it was time for the race, I was all dressed and ready. It was very cold that day, but I didn’t care. I took off all my warm clothes and ran with only a shirt and shorts on. Nothing was going to weigh me down. The tapes I listened to talked about how to run the race. It gave ideas about staying behind and knowing when to make the move. I played the race over and over in my mind. Now the time had come to put it into practice.
I stayed behind this man’s wife almost the whole race. All of a sudden I saw HIM! There her husband was by the roadside and not in the race like the year before. I’ll never forget his words to his wife, “Watch out! She’s right behind you.” Well, mister, not anymore. Those were the words I needed to hear. I ran right past her and won the race! That running brought me comfort and relief. I fell on the grass and cried my eyes out.
【语篇解读】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者观看儿子比赛后，作者的儿子邀请作者第二年一起比赛，作者接受了这个挑战，就在第二年比赛快开始的时候，作者的儿子去世了，作者决定遵守对儿子的承诺参加比赛，结果比赛中一个男的和作者说话，结果这个作者的妻子赢得了比赛，最后作者在这个人的影响下认真准备第二年的比赛。
【详情解析】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“比赛时间到了，我已经穿戴整齐，准备好了。”可知，第一段可描写作者为比赛做充分的准备。
②由第二段首句内容“我几乎在整个比赛中都站在这个男人的妻子后面。”可知，第二段可描写比赛过程和作者赢得比赛。
2.续写线索：脱掉衣服开始跑步——想起磁带里的内容——看到那个男人——作者超过男人的妻子赢得比赛——感想
3.词汇激活
行为类
①脱掉：take off/slip off
②超过：run past/outrun
情绪类
①安慰：comfort/solace/relief
【点睛】
[高分句型1] The tapes I listened to talked about how to run the race. (由that/which引导的定语从句，省略了that)
[高分句型2] Those were the words I needed to hear. (由that/which引导的定语从句，省略了that)
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