高考英语北师大版一轮复习教案：必修4 Unit 12 Culture Shock Word版含解析

这是一份高考英语北师大版一轮复习教案：必修4 Unit 12 Culture Shock Word版含解析，共13页。


[话题素材]
好词
1．ancient adj. 古代的
2．anniversary n. 周年纪念日
3．belief n. 信念
4．cultural adj. 文化的
5．custom n. 风俗，习俗
6．typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的
7．symbol n. 象征
8．attend a ceremony 出席仪式
9．be of great value 很有价值
10．come into being 形成；产生
11．follow a custom 遵循习俗
12．in memory/honour of 为了纪念
13．look forward to 盼望
14．pass down from generation to generation 一代一代往下传
15．culture shock 文化冲击
佳句
1．The most obvious example is probably Christmas, which is celebrated around the world.
最明显的例子可能就是圣诞节了，世界各地的人都会庆祝。
2．Festivals make us reunite, making all in high spirits.
节日让我们团聚在一起，人们都很欢乐。
[精美语篇]
As we all know， every culture has its own body language. Take Greetings for example， the French are open­minded， they shake hands and kiss each other on each cheek when they meet people they know. Men from Middle East and other Muslin countries often stand close to other men to talk， but they will never touch women， they just nod at women. In general， people all over the world now greet each other by shaking hands， but the Japanese prefer to bow.,None of these actions is either good or bad， however， studying it will help reduce misunderstanding between people and avoid the difficulties in communication.

高频单词
1．wander (vi.) 漫游，闲逛
2．manners (n.) 礼貌
3．indicate (vt.) 表明；表示
4．request (n.) 请求
5．familiar (adj.) 熟悉的，常见的
6．cautious (adj.) 小心翼翼的，谨慎的
7．attach (vt.) 喜欢，依恋；系，固定
8．contrary (adj.) 相反的
9．bear (vt.) 携带；容忍
10．forgive (vt.) 宽恕，饶恕
11．owe (vt.) 欠(情、债等)
12．exchange (vt.) 兑换，交换
13．absorb (vt.) 理解，掌握；吸收→absorbed (adj.) 被吸引的，专心的
14．majority (n.) 大半，大多数→major (adj.) 主要的→minority (n.) (反义词)少数
15．curiously (adv.) 奇怪地；好奇地→curiosity (adj.) 好奇的→curious (n.) 好奇心
重点短语
1．be_attached_to 附属于……
2．take_something_seriously 严肃认真地对待某事
3．in_advance 预先
4．give_..._a_lift 让……搭车
5．see_..._off 给(某人)送行
6．contrary_to 与……相反
7．belong_to 属于
8．put/bring_an_end_to 结束……
9．be_sensitive_to 对……敏感
10．as_for 关于，至于
热点句型
1．疑问词＋不定式结构在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等成分
Decide where_to_go_on_holiday with a friend.(教材P39)
定好和朋友到哪儿去度假。
2．have a difficult time (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”
When I first arrived in San Francisco, I had_a_difficult_time_ understanding certain aspects of the American way of doing things.(教材P40)
刚到旧金山的时候，我感到很难理解美国人的某些处事方式。
3．名词短语the last time “上次……的时候”，用作连词引导时间状语从句
I had a similar experience the_last_time I visited China.(教材P40)
上次我到中国参观时也有同样的经历。
4．不定式作目的状语，意为：为了……
He insisted on walking me to the station to_see_me_off.(教材P40)
他坚持陪我走到车站为我送行。
5．the way作先行词，可用that或in which引导定语从句，也可将引导词省略
I can't bear the_way the native Australians have been treated.(教材P42)
我不能忍受对待澳大利亚土著人的方式。
教材复现
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．I certainly owe you an apology ________ not writing more often.
答案：for
2．I'm just so glad you can afford ________ (visit) me and I refuse ________ (let) you pay for anything while you're here!
答案：to visit; to let
3．________ (avoid) getting confused about the British tipping system, you need to check your bill ________ (see) if a tip is included or not.
答案：To avoid; to see
4．I think we should consider ________ (stay) in the English countryside for a few nights as I know you enjoy ________ (hike)．
答案：staying; hiking
5．I have learnt which ones are tasty and safe ________ (eat) so we won't risk ________ (get) sick.
答案：to eat; getting
6．As soon as we said goodbye, my friend went back to his room ________ (close) the door behind him.
答案：closing
7．He insisted ________ walking me to the station to see me ________.
答案：on; off
8．They are now a minority group and most of them live in terrible conditions ________ the rest of us are quite well­off.
答案：while
9．The arrival of white people ________ (gradual) brought an end to the ________ (tradition) Aboriginal way of life.
答案：gradually; traditional
10．I would definitely suggest that your friend ________ (bring) clothes for different seasons.
答案：bring


1　　

I've just been so busy studying and trying to absorb all the new things around me－I think I'm still experiencing culture shock.(P36)
我一直忙于学习，尽力了解身边的新事物——我觉得自己一直在经历文化冲击。

be absorbed by sth./sb. 被……吞并，为……所吸收,be absorbed in (doing) sth. 全神贯注于……，专心致志于……，热衷于……,absorb one's attention to (doing) sth.吸引某人对(做)……的注意力,absorb...into 把……吸入/并入……
图解助记

①[2015·北京高考]But a transparent animal doesn't have pigments, so its tissues won't absorb light.
但是透明的动物没有色素，所以它的组织不会吸收光线。
②[2015·福建高考]A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was_absorbed_in his reading.
一道微弱的光从墙上的一个小洞里透过来，他正在专心地读书。
③[2014·湖南高考]Hopping from one place to the next hardly gives an opportunity to experience what psychologists call mindfulness—time to be present and absorb our travel experiences.
从一个地方跳跃到下一个地方几乎不能给一个机会体验心理学家称为“正念”的感觉——现在以及吸收到旅行经历中的时间。
④[2012·北京高考]When deeply absorbed_in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
当他全身心地投入工作时，他就会完全废寝忘食，而他经常这样(全身心地投入工作)。
2　　

But even though some British people are quite strange, the majority of them are really friendly and I've made some good friends.(P36)
虽然有些英国人十分古怪，但是大多数人都很友好，我已经结交了一些好朋友。

(1)the majority of ……的大多数
in a/the majority 占大多数
by/with a majority of 以大多数……
(2)minority n. 少数
in the minority 占少数
①[2014·安徽高考]So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the_majority_of people.
那么，让我们假定历史建筑对大多数人既有吸引力又重要。
②[牛津词典]The_majority_was/were in favour of banning smoking.
大多数人支持禁烟。
③[牛津词典]In the nursing profession, women are in_a/the_majority.
女性在护理行业中占大多数。
④One­third of the country is covered with trees and the_majority_of the citizens are black people.
这个国家的三分之一被树木覆盖，而且大多数公民是黑人。
－特别提示－
the majority单独使用作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可：the/a majority of＋n.作主语时，谓语动词常根据后面的名词来确定其单复数形式。
3　　

to make a request to someone you don't know very well(P39)
对你(们)不大熟悉的人表达请求

(1)make a request for 请求；要求……
at sb.'s request＝at the request of sb. 应某人之要求
(2)request sb. to_do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事
request that...(should)_do... 请求……做某事
request sth. from/of sb. 向某人请求某物
It is/was requested that...(should)_do...人们要求……
①[2015·福建高考]Though, as children, we thought this was crazy, it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a_request.
尽管作为孩子，我们认为那是很疯狂的，但是我们从未想过要拒绝接受爸爸的要求。
②[2013·山东高考]The kidnappers were merciless and Getty's son made repeated requests_for help from his father.
绑匪残酷无情，格蒂的儿子不停地向他的父亲求助。
③[译林⑥－3]In Japan, the “OK” sign is a request_for small change.
在日本，手势“OK”表示要零钱。
④[牛津词典]She requested that no one be_told of her decision until the next meeting.
她要求下次开会前不要向任何人透露她的决定。
－特别提示－
request作动词“要求”时，其后的宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气；作名词时，其后的同位语从句和表语从句谓语动词也用虚拟语气，虚拟语气的形式为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。有此用法的词有：
　一坚持(insist)
　二命令(order, command)
　三建议(advise, suggest, propose)
　四要求(demand, require, request, desire)
4　　

Jin Li found the American way of life familiar soon after her arrival in the USA.(P40)
金丽到达美国后不久，她就发现美国人的生活方式对她来说很熟悉。

(1)sb.be familiar with sth. 某人对某物很熟悉
sth. be familiar to sb.＝sth. be known to sb. 某物为某人所熟悉
(2)be similar to 与……相似
①[2014·天津高考]And walking is an ideal form of exer－cise—the most familiar and natural of all.
走路是最理想的锻炼形式——所有运动中最熟悉，最自然的的。
②[2014·江苏高考]Exposure to the English language which is used in our daily life can make people familiar_with them.
在我们日常生活中，对英语语言的运用使得我们对他们很熟悉。
③[人教④－5]The theme park you are probably most familiar_with is Disneyland.
你最熟悉的主题公园大概就是迪士尼公园。
④[牛津词典]The smell is very familiar_to everyone who lives near a bakery.
住在面包店附近的人都很熟悉这种气味。
5　　

At first, we didn't feel we belong here, but now we are attached to the land we live on.(P42)
起初，我们认为自己并不属于这里，但是现在我们已与我们所居住的土地紧紧地联系在一起了。

(1)attach...to... 把……固定到/附在……上
attach importance/significance/value to 重视；认为……有重要性/意义/价值
attach oneself to sb. 与某人在一起，缠着某人
(2)attached adj. 依恋的；附加的
(be) attached to 附属于；依恋
an attached school 附属学校
①[人教②－5]To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance_to becoming rich and famous.
坦白地说，很多人把名声和财富看得很重。
②[2013·江西高考]Exchange students could be attached for a number of months or years.
交换学生可能被附加几个月或几年。
③[2012·上海高考]The photo attached_to the application was sometimes that of a very good­looking person and sometimes that of a less attractive person.
贴在申请表上的照片有时是长相好看的人的，有时是缺乏吸引力的人的。
④[牛津词典]He attached_himself_to me at the party and I couldn't get rid of him.
他聚会上老是缠着我，我简直无法摆脱他。
6　 bear　vi.&vt. (bore； borne/born)携带，容忍；忍受；承担(责任)；支撑；承受；生育；出生；结(果实)

I can't bear the way the native Australians have been treated.(P42)
我不能忍受对待澳大利亚土著人的方式。

bear sb.doing/to do sth. 容忍某人做某事
can't bear doing/to do sth. 不能忍受做某事
牢记……
①[2015·课标全国卷Ⅰ]They've been too badly hurt and they can't_bear to let it happen again.
他们伤的太严重了，不能再忍受这样的事情发生了。
②[2014·安徽高考]A final point to bear_in_mind is that the term “classical music” is used to refer to a great variety of music.
最后要记住的一点是“古典音乐”被用来指一大类音乐。
③[牛津词典]The ice is too thin to bear your weight.
冰太薄，承受不住你的重量。
图解助记

－特别提示－
bear作“生育”讲时，过去分词用borne；作“出生”讲时，过去分词用born。
④[牛津词典]She has borne him 3 children.
她已经给他生了3个孩子。
7　　

I wonder if they'll ever forgive the way they've been treated.(P42)
我不知道澳大利亚土著人是否能原谅人们对待他们的方式。

forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做)某事
forgive sb. sth. 原谅某人某事
forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
①[2015·陕西高考]Such a person may be forgiven if he is late, but not those who are deliberately late to create impression.
这样的人迟到了或许可以原谅，但是那些故意迟到来制造印象的就不行了。
②[2014·辽宁高考]Forgive his bad judgment, move quietly and enjoy the show.
原谅他错误的判断，安静地走开，享受表演。
③[人教③－1]She would never forgive_him.
她永远也不会原谅他。
④[牛津词典]I'll never forgive_her_for what she did.
我绝不会原谅她所做的事。
过关演练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
1．[2016·哈尔滨模拟]I found him sitting in his chair, completely ________ (absorb) in a magazine.
答案：absorbed　be absorbed in “专心致志于”，此处省略be在此作状语。
2．[2014·安徽高考]For example, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, the ________ (major) is over the age of fifty.
答案：majority　the majority “大多数”，作主语，指大多数观众。
3．[2014·课标全国卷Ⅱ]Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of ________ (familiar) papers.
答案：unfamiliar　the trash can指垃圾桶，故此处指一堆不熟悉的文件，故用unfamiliar。
4．[2014·广东高考]It comes easily to me—I hear the notes and can bear them ________ mind.
答案：in　bear ... in mind “记住，牢记”，固定搭配。
5．[2013·辽宁高考]Keep in mind that ________ (forgive) does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.
答案：forgiveness　分析句子结构知，空处需填名词形式作主语。
6．[2014·湖南高考]Mrs Totten usually walked up and down the rows and desks ________ (request) answers from students.
答案：requesting　主语Mrs Totten与request之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。
7．[2014·天津高考]My parents always attach great importance ________ my getting a good education.
答案：to　attach importance to “重视”为固定搭配。
8．[2016·潍坊一模]The song is very familiar ________ us, and we are very familiar ________ its singer.
答案：to; with　be familiar with “(某人)对(某物)很熟悉”；be familiar to “(某物)为……所熟悉”。句意：这首歌对于我们来说很熟悉，我们也对这首歌的演唱者很熟悉。
9．What's your opinion of Mr Li's request that we ________ spend half an hour reading English aloud every morning?
答案：should　考查虚拟语气。that从句是request的同位语从句，要用虚拟语气，其形式为：(should＋)动词原形。
10．Last year they visited the high school ________ (attach) to Anhui Normal University.
答案：attached　attached “附属的”，作后置定语，修饰school。

1　　

You're going to have to get used to bacon and eggs with a few slices of toast for breakfast over here, Aunt Mei！(P36)
梅姨，你必须得适应这里以腌肉、鸡蛋和几片烤面包作为早餐的习惯！

be/become/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
be used as/for 被用作/供……所用
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
①[2014·上海高考]To get_used_to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along.
为了习惯于看到另一个人的身体而实际上没有控制它，参与者通过慢慢地举起胳膊和腿开始，为了对方能跟上。
②[2015·课标全国卷Ⅱ]It used_to_be the home of royal families.
这里曾经是国王和皇后的住所。
③[牛津词典]We are_used_to the noise from the traffic now.
现在我们已经适应了车辆往来的噪音。
④[牛津词典]The blue files are_used_for storing old invoices.
蓝色卷宗是用来存放旧发票的。
2　　

He insisted on walking me to the station to see me off.(P40)
他坚持陪我走到车站给我送行。


①[2016·沈阳高三模拟]I'll go to the airport to see_off my girlfriend and her mother.
我将去机场为我的女友和她的母亲送行。
②[2012·湖北高考]I'm so glad you've come here to see_to the matter in person.
很高兴你来亲自处理这事了。
③[牛津词典]Can you see_to_it_that the fax goes this afternoon?
你保证今天下午就把传真发出去，行吗？
④Don't fool me. I can see_through your tricks!
别愚弄我了，我看得穿你的把戏。
过关演练
选词填空
see off； get used to； be attached to； insist on； used to； bring an end to
1．John is leaving for London tomorrow and I will ________ him ________ at the airport.
答案：see; off
2．They ________ being given every detail of the case.
答案：insisted on
3．It's hoped that the talks may ________ the violence.
答案：bring an end to
4．I found the teaching job tiring in the countryside, but soon I ________ it and loved it.
答案：got used to
5.The research unit ________ the university.
答案：is attached to
6．[2013·山东高考]I ________ be a very self­centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed.
答案：used to

1　　

(1)句中where to go on holiday...为“连接副词＋不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。
wh­连接代词或副词后跟动词不定式构成的短语，可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。
(2)“连接代词＋不定式”结构中，动词不定式往往与前面的连接代词或其短语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式结构使用主动语态。
①[2015·安徽高考]It is lucky we booked a room, or we would have nowhere_to_stay now.
幸运的是我们预订了一间房。否则，我们现在就没有地方待了。
②[2015·四川高考]When it comes to how_to_speak fluent Mandarin, I suggest that you learn a bunch of pronunciation rules first.
当说到如何说流利的普通话，我建议你应该首先学点发音规则。
③[2014·广东高考]When we were wondering what_to_do,_the manager came out.
当我们正想知道该做什么的时候，经理出来了。
2　　

表示时间的名词词组the last time相当于从属连词，引导时间状语从句。
(1)名词词组作连词，引导时间状语从句的还有：
the first time, each time, any time, next time, the moment, the second, the minute, the instant, the hour, the day等。
(2)有些副词或介词短语也可以充当时间状语从句的引导词。
immediately/directly/instantly 一……就……
by the time ... 到……时
①[2015·北京高考]Every_time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters.
每次光以一个新的速度进入一种物质，它都会发生折射和反射。
②[2013·浙江高考]The_moment I arrived in Paris, I was greeted by a nice French couple who would become my host parents.
我一到达巴黎，我就被一对很好的法国夫妇迎接了，他们成了我的寄宿父母。
③The_first_time I met her, she left a deep impression on me.
第一次我碰到她时，她给我留下了深刻的印象。
过关演练
完成句子
1．[2015·广东高考]I didn't know ________ like a fish.
我不知道如何像鱼一样思考。
答案：how to think
2．__________________， he said he needed another two days.
上次我们谈话时，他说他还需要两天。
答案：The last time we talked
3．I ________________ that I will work in.
我找到这所我要在其中工作的学校有困难。
答案：have a difficult time (in) finding the school
4．He ________________ plenty of exercise and a regular life.
他把健康归功于充足的锻炼和有规律的生活方式。
答案：owes his good health to
5．Who will ________________ at the station this afternoon?
今天下午谁会在车站给客人送行？
答案：see the guests off

跟动名词作宾语的动词&现在分词
跟动名词作宾语的动词
1．只可使用动名词作宾语的动词及短语
常见的有：enjoy, keep, miss, suggest, appreciate, devote to, feel like等。
2．有些动词既可跟动名词也可跟不定式但意义不同。
①[2015·天津高考]At age 68, he retired from the post office, but he never stopped ________ (serve) the community.
答案：serving　此处表示停止做某事，用stop doing结构，故填serving。
现在分词
　现在分词，即v.­ing形式，是分词的一种，为非谓语，但可在句中充当定语、表语、补语、状语等，表示主动和进行。
一般式：doing
被动式：being done
完成式：having done
完成被动式：having been done
②[2015·湖南高考]When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ________ (wonder) whether to stay or leave.
答案：wondering　主语she与wonder存在逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词作伴随状语，故填wondering。
过关演练
用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．[2015·北京高考]The park was full of people, ________ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.
答案：enjoying　此处为分词作定语，与所修饰词people为主动关系，故用现在分词。
2．[2014·北京高考]Last night, there were millions of people ________ (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.
答案：watching　考查现在分词作定语。因people与watch之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作定语。
3．[2014·辽宁高考]Keep ________ (hold) your position for a while.
答案：holding　keep doing “继续做某事”，为固定结构。
4．[2014·湖南高考]There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, ________ (stare) at the night sky.
答案：staring　句意：没有什么乐趣能比得上躺在草地中央，凝望夜空。根据句意可知，“躺在草地中央”与“凝望夜空”是同时发生的动作，故用现在分词形式作伴随状语。
5．[2013·课标全国卷Ⅰ]The sunlight is white and blinding, ________ (throw) hard­edged shadows on the ground.
答案：throwing　句意：阳光明亮刺眼，在地上投下轮廓分明的影子。throwing为现在分词作状语与主语the sunlight为主动关系，故应用现在分词形式。