【期中知识点归纳】（人教版2019）2023-2024学年高二上册英语 选修1 Unit 4 Body Language 试卷 .zip

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Unit 4 Body Language






Welcome Unit

话题
肢体语言
词汇
vary, appropriate, approve, demonstrate, witness, barrier, reliable, reveal, occupy, adjust
短语
by contrast, by comparison, make inferences, break down, straighten up, in other words, call on, at work, be ashamed of, in conflict with sb. (over sth. )
句型
1. 动名词短语作表语
2. 动名词短语作宾语
3. with+宾语+宾语补足语
4. not (all) that+形容词或副词
语法
动词-ing形式作宾语和表语
写作
如何描述肢体语言

1. approve vi. 赞成; 同意vt. 批准; 通过
【教材原句】
In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of. (P38)
相反, 在另一些国家, 眼神交流并不总是被认可。
【知识拓展】
(1)approve of. . . 　　　　　赞成……, 同意……
approve of (sb. /sb. ‘s) doing sth. 赞成/同意(某人)做某事
(2)approval n. 赞同, 认可
【基础演练】完成句子
①We don’t want to anger the people who don’t approve of nationalization.  
我们不要激怒那些不赞成国有化的人们。
②I approve of your trying to earn some money, but please don’t neglect your studies.  
我同意你尝试去挣一些钱, 可是请不要忽视了功课。
③No teacher can approve of cheating in exams.  
任何教师都不能允许考试作弊。
2. witness vt. 当场看到; 目击; 见证n. 目击者; 证人
【教材原句】
In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. (P38)在日本, 如果一个人看到另一个人用这个手势, 可能认为这意味着钱。
【知识拓展】
be a witness to sth. 　　　 　看见(某事发生); 为……提供证据
bear/give witness to sth. 为……作证, 证明
give witness in a court of law 在法庭上作证
be a living witness to 对……是个活生生的证人
【基础演练】 单句语法填空
①The lawyer witnessed against an accused person.
②He is a witness to the accident.
3. adjust vt. 调整; 调节vi. &vt. 适应; (使)习惯
【教材原句】
Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities, when to intervene, and when to talk to students individually, so they can all get the most out of school. (P44)他们的肢体语言让我知道什么时候应该调整课堂活动, 什么时候应该干预, 什么时候应该与学生单独交谈, 这样他们都能从学校得到最大的收获。
【知识拓展】
adjust. . . to. . . 　　　　　调整……以适应……
adjust to (doing) sth. 习惯/适应(做)某事
adjust oneself to sth. 使自己适应某事
make an adjustment to 调整, 适应
【基础演练】单句语法填空
①This kind of desk can be adjusted(adjust) to the height you need.  
②I’ve made a few minor adjustments(adjust) to the seating plan.
③They should make adjustment to the new environment.
④He can’t adjust himself (he)to the whirl of modern life in this big city.
4. in other words换句话说; 也就是说
【典型例句】 In other words, none of us can go to the movie.
换句话说, 我们都不能去看电影。
【知识拓展】
in a word　　　　　　　　　总之, 简言之
in words 用语言
word for word 逐字地, 一字不差地
word came that 消息传来说
have a word with sb. 与某人交谈
break/ keep one’s word 食言/守信用
【基础演练】 完成句子
①Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard—in other words(换句话说), you failed.  
②Well, you could have a word with (交谈)the manager. He might be helpful.  
③John is smart, polite and well-behaved. In a word(简言之), he is admirable.  
④Word had come from the manager (来自经理的消息说)that a new transaction(交易) would be concluded.  
⑤Word came that I was needed at home.  
有消息传来说家里需要我。
5. The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.  
关键是使用肢体语言的方式要与你所处的文化相适应。
【典型例句】
Your task is cleaning the windows.
你的任务就是擦窗户。
【知识拓展】动名词短语作表语时, 句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句, 表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系, 表示主语的内容, 主语、表语可互换位置。动名词的被动形式是being done。
【基础演练】完成句子
①What I hate most is being laughed at.  
我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。
②My job is teaching you English.  
我的工作是教你们英语。
③Seeing is believing.
眼见为实。
6. occupy vt. 占据; 占用
【教材原句】
With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling. (P44)
他们用手托着下巴, 通过盯着窗外或天花板来充实自己。
【知识拓展】
(1)occupy oneself (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事
occupy oneself with sth. 忙于做某事
(2)occupation n. 职业; 占有; 消遣; 居住
(3)occupied adj. 已被占的; 使用中的; 忙的; 从事的
【基础演练】单句语法填空
①The striking workers have occupied (occupy)the whole building.  
②Her time is fully occupied with her three children.
③How does he occupy himself (he)now that he’s retired?
④He returned from Paris and found his office was under someone else’s occupation(occupy).
完成句子
⑤He is occupied in translating an English novel.  
他正忙于翻译一本英文小说。
7. appropriate adj. 合适的; 恰当的
【典型例句】 You will be informed of the details at the appropriate time.
在适当的时候将把详情告诉你。
【知识拓展】
make appropriate arrangements 　　　　妥善安排
just appropriate to the occasion 恰合时宜
appropriate use of words 用词恰当
by appropriate means(=in proper ways) 通过正当途径
【基础演练】 完成句子
①It’s not easy to choose clothes which are appropriate to your beautiful figure.  
选择与你漂亮的体形相称的服装是不容易的。
②We should make an appropriate estimate of (对……作出恰当的估计)the achievements and shortcomings.  
③The government has appropriated some funds for education.  
政府拨出了一些款项用作教育基金。
8. reliable adj. 可靠的; 可信赖的
【典型例句】
He won’t let you down; he’s reliable.
他不会让你失望的, 他值得信赖。
【知识拓展】
rely on/upon　　　　　　　　信赖
rely on/upon it that. . . 信赖, 相信……
depend on 依靠
count on 依靠
It/That all depends. 视情况而定。
【基础演练】单句语法填空
①You can rely upon it that he will come.
②Geneen disliked relying on/upon one perspective as the means for giving him the whole picture.
③Comparable and reliable(rely) data are often lacking and can only be built up gradually.
完成句子
④A reliable car is worth its weight in gold.  
靠得住的汽车就是无价之宝。
9. call on访问; 要求(某人讲话等); 正式邀请
【教材原句】
Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher. (P44)有些学生之所以有这样的行为, 只是因为他们害怕被老师叫起来回答问题。
【知识拓展】
call on sb. to do sth. 　　　　请求或号召某人做某事
call on/upon sb. 拜访某人
call at 访问(某地)
call in 召集, 召来
call up 使想起
call off 取消
call for 要求, 需要
【基础演练】单句语法填空
①A representative of the company will call on you to assess the damage.
②Your letter called up the days when we worked together.
③We should call in a doctor, otherwise he will be in danger.
④Mountain climbing calls for a strong body and a brave heart.
⑤The sports meet was called off because of the rain.
完成句子
⑥The photograph called up memories of his childhood(唤起了他对童年时代的回忆).  
10. However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.  
但是在巴西和德国, 你应该避免使用这个手势, 因为它被认为是不礼貌的。
【典型例句】
They all avoided mentioning that name.
他们都避免提及那个名字。
【知识拓展】
有些动词后只接动词ing形式作宾语, 常用的有: admit 承认; advise建议; appreciate 感激, 赞赏; avoid 避免; complete 完成; consider 认为; delay 耽误; deny 否认; endure 忍受; enjoy 喜欢; escape 逃脱; prevent阻止; fancy 想象; finish 完成; imagine 想象; mind介意; miss 想念; postpone 推迟; practise 训练; recall 回忆; resent 讨厌; resist 抵抗; risk 冒险; suggest 建议; stand 忍受; understand 理解; forgive 宽恕; keep 继续。
【基础演练】完成句子
①I advise waiting a few more days.  
我建议再等几天。
②He denied having been there.  
他否认到过那里。
③He disliked being laughed at.  
他不喜欢别人笑他。
④I’ve enjoyed seeing you and talking about old times.  
我见到你一起谈往事非常高兴。
⑤We don’t allow (permit) smoking on this plane.  
在这架飞机上我们不允许抽烟。

一．语法基础：动词-ing形式作宾语和表语
一、动词-ing形式作宾语
1. 作动词的宾语。一些及物动词之后只能接v. -ing作宾语, 不能接不定式。这些常用动词有:
avoid, miss, delay/put off避免错过少延期
advise, finish, practise建议完成多练习
enjoy, imagine, can’t help喜欢想象禁不住
admit, deny, envy承认否定与嫉妒
escape, risk, excuse逃避冒险莫原谅
stand, keep, mind忍受保持不介意
此外, feel like, devote to, be/get used to, object to, set about, insist on, pay attention to, stick to, be busy(in), have difficulties/trouble(in)等动词短语后也接动名词作宾语。
I avoided mentioning the subject in case he should be offended.
我回避提及这个话题, 以免冒犯他。
【知识拓展】
下面短语后接v. -ing形式, 因为to为介词。
be used to习惯于　devote oneself to献身于
get down to开始做　look forward to期待
stick to坚持　lead to导致
pay attention to注意
2. 以下及物动词后既可接不定式又可接v. -ing作宾语, 但两者意义上有区别
(1)remember to do sth. 记住要去做某事
remember doing sth. 记得过去曾经做过某事
I remember to meet her at the station.
我记得要到车站见她。
I remember seeing her once somewhere.
我记得曾在某个地方见过她。
(2)forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事
forget doing sth. 忘记了过去做过某事
I forgot to tell you about it. Now here it is.
我忘记把这事告诉你, 给你, 拿去吧。
I forgot giving it to you yesterday.
我忘记昨天已把它给你了。
(3)regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事
regret to do sth. 很遗憾地去做某事
I regret not working hard.
我后悔没有努力工作。
I regret to hear of your sister’s death.
我遗憾地听到你姐姐去世的消息。
(4)can’t help to do sth. 不能帮着去做某事
　 can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
I can’t help to clean the house with so much work to do.
有这么多的工作要做, 我不能帮你打扫房间了。
She can’t help laughing at the thought of the joke he told her.
一想到他告诉她的笑话, 她就忍不住笑了。
3. 用it 作形式宾语, 真正的宾语是v. -ing形式。
其结构如下:
sb. +动词+it +adj. +doing
常用动词有: think, consider, find, feel, believe等
I found it useless/no use crying about it.
我发现因为这件事哭泣没用。
Do you feel it difficult trying again?
再来一遍你觉得难吗?
【基础演练】用所给动词的适当形式填空。
①(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating (eat)with heavier people who order large portions.
②(2020·天津高考)To help us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading (read) through our notes.
(2)Would you mind moving(move) the box for me?
(3)We are all looking forward to visiting(visit) the museum soon.
(4)He doesn’t really mean to work(work) here, which means leaving(leave) the job soon afterwards.  
(5)The deer was lucky and it just missed being caught(catch) by the hunter.  
二、动词-ing形式作表语
1. v. -ing形式作表语, 表示抽象的一般性的行为, 用来说明主语的内容, 与主语通常是同一概念, 表语和主语通常可以交换位置。
In the ant city, the queen’s job is laying eggs.
=In the ant city, laying eggs is the queen’s job.
在蚂蚁王国, 蚁后的工作是产卵。
2. v. -ing形式作表语, 可以表示主语的某种性质或特征, 这类词可以看作形容词。
The film being shown in the cinema is exciting.
正在电影院上演的电影很激动人心。
The present situation is inspiring.
当前的形势鼓舞人心。
【基础演练】试判断下列句中动词-ing形式的类型。
A. 动名词　B. 现在分词
①My hobby is collecting stamps. (　A　)
②What you said is really inspiring. (　B　)
③What I am tired of is waiting here alone. (　A　)
(2)完成句子(对比理解)
①他的工作是粉刷墙。
His job is painting walls.  
②他的工作是粉刷这面墙。
His job is to paint the wall.  
二．写作基础：如何描述肢体语言
描述肢体语言, 说明肢体语言的意义的文章属于说明文。用灵活的语言对图片里的肢体语言进行生动的描写。
【写作示例】


观察右面这幅图, 用英文向大家描述一下图中肢体语言的含义。
注意:
内容积极向上, 语意通顺, 结构连贯完整。词数80左右。
【写作过程】
第一步：谋篇布局

第二步：要点翻译
完成句子
1. 这个人眼睛似乎在盯着什么东西, 皱着眉。
The man’s eyes seem to be fixed on something and he frowns.  
2. 他一只手放在下巴上, 遮住嘴和鼻子, 另一只手扶住这只胳膊的肘部, 好像正屏住呼吸。
He puts one hand on his chin, covering his mouth and nose. He puts the other hand under the elbow of the arm as if holding his breath.  
3. 这往往意味着他遇到了问题, 陷入了沉思。
It often means he is stuck in a problem and lost in thought.  
4. 一定不要打扰他。
Be sure to leave him alone.  
5. 你会被认为是一个无礼的闯入者, 有时甚至会导致意想不到的冲突。
You can be seen as a rude interloper, sometimes leading to unexpected conflicts.  
6. 读懂一个人的肢体语言对人们相处是非常重要的。
Understanding a person’s body language is very important for people to get along with each other.  
句式升级
7. 用并列连词and改写句2。
He puts one hand on his chin, covering his mouth and nose, and the other hand under the elbow of the arm as if holding his breath.  
8. 用非限制性定语从句改写句5。
You can be seen as a rude interloper, which sometimes can lead to unexpected conflicts.  
9. 用并列连词or合并4、5两个句子。
Be sure to leave him alone, or you can be seen as a rude interloper, which sometimes can lead to unexpected conflicts.  
第三步：连句成篇







The man’s eyes seem to be fixed on something and he frowns.
In the meantime, he puts one hand on his chin, covering his mouth and nose, and the other hand under the elbow of the arm as if holding his breath.
It often means he is stuck in a problem and lost in thought. Be sure to leave him alone, or you can be seen as a rude interloper, which sometimes can lead to unexpected conflicts.
So, a person’s inner world often manifests itself in some kind of external body language. Understanding a person’s body language is very important for people to get along with each other.
【知识拓展】
1. 话题词汇
(1)frown　皱眉
(2)stare 凝视
(3)glare 怒视
(4)pose 姿势, 姿态
(5)body language 肢体语言
(6)lost in thought 陷入沉思
(7)cover one’s mouth and nose 遮住口鼻
(8)get along with 与……相处
(9)leave alone 不管, 让……一个人待着
(10)have a strong interest in对……有浓厚兴趣
2. 话题句式
(1)Liars tend to blink a lot and don’t maintain eye contact.
撒谎的人会眨很多次眼睛, 而且不会保持眼神上的交流。
(2)Body language studies show that people tend to touch their face and scratch their nose when they lie.
关于肢体语言的研究表明撒谎时, 人们都倾向于去摸脸或挠鼻子。
(3)People who are telling the truth use many facial muscles, but liars smile with just their mouths.
说实话的人会使用很多面部肌肉, 但是撒谎的人微笑时只是嘴在动。
(4)Today in the USA, when someone puts his thumb up, it means “Everything is all right. ”However, in Greece it is bad.
如今在美国, 当有人竖起大拇指时意味着“一切都很好。”然而在希腊竖大拇指是不好。


Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. vary　　　　　 vi. (根据情况)变化; 改变
2. appropriate adj. 合适的; 恰当的
3. approve vi. 赞成; 同意vt. 批准; 通过
4. demonstrate vt. 表现; 表达; 说明; 证明
5. witness vt. 当场看到; 目击; 见证n. 目击者; 证人
6. barrier n. 隔阂; 障碍
7. reliable adj. 可靠的; 可信赖的
8. reveal vt. 揭示; 显示; 露出
9. occupy vt. 占据; 占用
10. adjust vt. 调整; 调节vi. &vt. 适应; (使)习惯
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1. anxious adj. 焦虑的; 不安的; 渴望的→anxiety n. 焦虑; 担心; 害怕
2. employ vt. 使用, 应用, 雇用→employer n. 雇主→employee n. 雇员
3. differ vi. 不同于; 相异→difference n. 不同之处→different adj. 不同的
4. assess vt. 评估; 评价→assessment n. 评价; 评定
5. favour vt. 较喜欢; 选择; 有利于 n. 恩惠, 帮助, 赞同→favourable adj. 赞同的→favourite adj. & n. 特别喜爱的(东西)
6. clarify vt. 使更清晰易懂; 阐明; 澄清→clarification n. 澄清; 解释
7. educate v. 教育→ educator n. 教师; 教育工作者; 教育家→education n. 教育
8. tend vi. 趋向→tendency n. 趋势; 倾向
9. embarrass vt. 使尴尬→embarrassed adj. 尴尬的; 难堪的
10. slight adj. 轻微的; 略微的; 细小的→ slightly adv. 略微; 稍微
III.核心短语
1. by contrast　　　　 相比之下 
2. by comparison (与……)相比较 
3. make inferences 推理; 推断 
4. break down 消除; 分解; 打破 
5. straighten up 直起来; 整理; 收拾整齐 
6. in other words 换句话说; 也就是说 
7. call on (短暂地)访问; 要求(某人讲话等); 正式邀请 
8. at work 有某种影响; 在工作 
9. be ashamed of 因……而感到羞愧 
10. in conflict with sb. (over sth. )  (在某事上)与某人相冲突/有争执/不一致
IV.经典句式·速记
1. 句型公式: 动名词短语作表语
The crucial thing is using body language(使用肢体语言) in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.  
2. 句型公式: 动名词短语作宾语
However, you should avoid making this gesture (使用这个手势)in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.  
3. 句型公式: with+宾语+宾语补足语
It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open(睁着眼睛).  
4. 句型公式: not (all) that+形容词或副词
Many students are quite shy and don’t speak all that much (不怎么说话).  
拓展练习
一、根据句意填写单词
1. When he heard the miserable (悲惨的) story, he couldn’t help in sadness.
2. So was she that she could feel the blood rush to her face.
3. I didn’t know whether to her silence as acceptance or refusal.
4. Experienced in to various animals, I’m sure to be the right person you’re looking for.
5. He has surely set up a record for the thousands of children who dream of school.
6. I’m not anything about your cooking, but could we eat out tonight?
7. Engineers spent many months the software.
8. They’re doing clinical on a new drug.
9. The tests are to those carried out last year.
10. Shortly after from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins, the city took on a new look.
11. Let’s see if I can pour the juice into the glass without it.
12. His views considerably from those of his parents.
13. Governments need to consider making and taking actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.
14. I would advise people to think very carefully about themselves to working Sundays.
15. We will know more about our history by cultural understanding.
16. See, your computer has broken again! It doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
17. Occasionally, I have trouble between fact and fantasy.
18. After , most of the crop is stored in large buildings.
19. It could be that she is having serious with other students or at home.
20. The samples in quality but were generally acceptable.
21. Her biography that she was not as rich as everyone thought.
22. Instructors should new movements before letting the class try them.
23. My relationship with my father played a major part in my attitude towards men.
二、完成句子
24. 他们总是不遗余力地高标准工作。
It is their custom that they to work to high standards.
25. 为了保持健康，你必须摆脱吸烟的习惯。
To keep healthy, you have to .
26. 在线学习并非总是对我们有积极影响。
Online learning us.
27. I’m still (处于震惊中) after hearing that bad news.
28. 鉴于这些文化差异，加拿大自2002年以来就一直在庆祝多元文化日也就不足为奇了。
Given these cultural differences, it that Canada has been celebrating Multicultural Day since 2002.
29. 她承认40岁，所以她可能45岁左右。
She admits ,so she may be about forty -five
30. 许多人预料和平谈判会破裂。
Many people were expecting the peace talks would .
31. 我决定利用一切机会练习英语口语。(employ)
I decide to my spoken English.
32. 这些植物大多生长在偏远的乡村地区。
These plants to grow in rural areas.
33. 相比之下，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。
In other countries, , eye contact is not always approved of.
34. 作为一名高中生，我必须更努力地学习而且习惯于承担更多。
As a senior high school student, I will have to study harder and get used to for a lot more.
35. 这次失败使卡罗琳意识到恰当使用机器人的重要性。(make sb. do ...)
appropriately.
36. 老师建议我们在课堂上要认真笔记。
The teacher notes in class very carefully.
37. 老师同意我们制作视频来记录我们在校的经历。
The teacher making a video to record our experiences at school.
38. 比赛结束后才指控他违规没有用处。
It’s no use breaking the rules after the game was over.
39. We hardly had any difficulty in .
我们毫不费劲地就使这项议案通过了。
40. 我正在考虑报名参加一个烹饪班，为下个星期的聚会做充分准备。
To make good preparations for the party next week, I’m a cooking course.
41. 奥林匹克运动为和平而生，因和平而兴。
The Olympic Movement was born peace and has thrived thanks to peace.
42. 过去的十年见证了这个村庄所发生的巨大变化。(witness)
great changes taking place in the village.
43. 当这个人看完信后，他看着他的朋友。
After the man finished , he looked at his friend.
44. 在我看来，在生活中健康是最重要的。
In my opinion, in life.
45. 除了打扫庭院和为老人们铺床外，我们还为他们读报纸并且跟他们聊天。(apart from)
, we also read newspapers to them and had chats with them.
46. , with your career, you should decide which job will suit your personality.
换句话说，在你的职业生涯中，你应该决定哪种工作适合你的个性。
47. 孩子们宁愿骑自行车去乡下，也不愿整天呆在室内。（一句多译）
①The children preferred cycling to the countryside indoors all day.
②The children preferred to cycle to the countryside all day.
48. 她坚持立刻就走。
She at once.
49. A smile can help us . A smile can .We can use a smile .
微笑可以帮助我们度过难关，在陌生人的世界里找到朋友。微笑可以打破障碍。我们可以用微笑来道歉，跟某人打招呼，寻求帮助或者开始对话。
50. 我们通常睡在私人宿舍，它们更像是大的壁橱，或睡在固定的墙上或天花板上的睡袋里。
We usually sleep in private quarters, which are more like large cupboards, or in sleeping bags .
51. 几乎所有的优秀运动员都梦想能有参加奥运会的机会。
Almost all the brilliant athletes dream of the Olympic Games.
52. 既尴尬又愧疚，他低下头，一动不动。
Embarrassed and ashamed, , motionless.
53. 当谈到野生动物保护时，所有的物种——无论好坏丑——都应当平等对待。
When it wildife, all species — the good, the bad, and the ugly should be treated equally.
三、根据所给汉语提示填空
54. I don’t want to (因为……而麻烦她) my children at the moment.
55. When it (出故障，抛锚), you have to spend time mending it.
56. I (低下头，尴尬得满脸通红).
57. However, if a student (懒得梳头) and her eyes are red from weeping,  then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work.
58. Life can be great when you are not busy f (挑毛病) it. （根据中英文提示填空）
59. I know I will have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to (承担责任) a lot more.
60. It is normal practice not to (透露细节) of a patient’s condition.
61. (也就是说), keep your brain busy and working.
62. (感到羞耻和像小偷一样), she finally got that the cookies were not hers but belonged to the man sitting next to her, who had calmly offered to share his last cookie with her.
63. The Gorilla Organization raises money to save the world’s last remaining gorillas from (灭绝，消失).
64. The telephone system (坏了) suddenly while he was calling his mother.
65. It is important to reflect before (采取行动) to avoid making mistakes due to rushing.
66. By (玩文字游戏) in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.
67. I just (凝视着窗外), trying to comprehend what I had just been told.
68. I will change to another restaurant if it means (再等两个小时).
69. Instead of (住宿) at the hotel, he decided to drive home.
70. We should have (正确的评价) of historical figures.
71. Please complete the exercise without   (查阅) a dictionary.
72. (给Spot洗澡又慢又累) as it was the first time they had done it.
73. — I’m afraid you have the wrong number.
— Sorry! I hope (我没有打扰到你).
74. Ozone (臭氧) against (作为地球抵抗……的屏障) the ultra-violet radiation.
75. The game was because of the bad weather.（用call的相关短语填空）
76. Old fashioned phones matter when wireless networks in disasters. (出故障)
77. It occurred to me that she had come to borrow money.
= It that（我突然想起）she had come to borrow money.
78. We’re going to (保持联系), so I now have someone to practise French with!
79. (参赛者一入座，seat v.) than the singing contest of the English festival started amid the applause of the audience.
80. —I'm afraid you have the wrong number.
—Sorry! （我希望没有打扰到您）.
81. The girl was still not (习惯于演讲) in public.
82. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without (查阅；参考) his notes.
83. (抱怨这件事没有用), so we should do something about it.
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
How can you stop smoking?
We all know smoking can cause lots of problems, both to smokers and the people passively 84 (expose) to it, especially children, such as lung disease, heart attack, and eye problems, but that doesn’t help make it 85 (easy) to quit smoking. So today, we will talk about how to stop. First, get yourself prepared. List all the benefits you will get and the reasons for quitting, 86 (include) the health benefits, improved appearance, money you’re saving. Make the final big 87 (decide), and remove all tobacco and nicotine products. Second, be determined. Whenever you want to smoke 88 cigarette, remind yourself 89 the harmful effects and the fact that you are a non-smoker any more. Third, distract yourself. Take a walk, hold a pen or do something like this 90 (keep) your mind as well as your hands busy and get your mind off smoking. Four, get help if necessary. Chat with your friends to get their support and encouragement so that you can get through the rough time. Relax and breathe 91 (deep) if feeling desperate. Last, keep trying. Do not be disappointed and never feel ashamed if you have to try several times 92 you succeed eventually.
Remember: 93 (stop) smoking is difficult, but not impossible.

参考答案
一、
1. weeping
【解析】考查动词。句意：当他听到这个悲惨的故事时，他忍不住悲伤地哭了起来。结合句意可知应填动词weep，且上文为短语couldn’t help doing sth.。故填weeping。
2. ashamed
【解析】考查形容词。句意：她感到羞愧极了，血液都涌上了她的脸。根据下文she could feel the blood rush to her face可知，此处可用形容词ashamed，表示“惭愧的，羞愧的”，作表语，此处为So+adj.引起的倒装句型。故填ashamed。
3. interpret
【解析】考查动词。句意：我不知该把她的沉默看作是接受还是拒绝。根据句意可知，空格处可填interpret“把......理解为”构成.interpret sth/sb as，且不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填interpret。
4. attending
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我有照顾各种动物的经验，我肯定是你要找的人。根据后面的to 及宾语various animals，动词短语attend to意为“照顾”符合句意，在句中作介词in 的宾语，应使用动名词形式。故填attending。
5. evading
【解析】考查动词。句意：他无疑为成千上万梦想逃避上学的孩子们创造了一项纪录。根据“set up a record”和“the thousands of children who dream of”可推知，此处应该是表达“为成千上万梦想逃避上学的孩子们创造了一项记录”，空处应用动词evade，意为“逃避”，evade school表示“逃避上学”，且空处作of的宾语，evade应用动名词形式evading。故填evading。
6. implying
【解析】考查时态。句意：我并不是暗示你做的饭不好吃，只是想提议我们今晚去外面吃，好吗？分析可知，设空处应为动词，和am构成进行时结构，根据句意，故填implying。
7. refining
【解析】考查非谓语动词，句意：工程师们花了数月来完善这个软体。结合句意可知，此处表示“完善”英语为refine，分析句子可知，此处为spend sometime (in) doing sth.意为“花时间做某事”。故填refining。
8. trials
【解析】考查名词。句意：他们正在对一种新药进行临床试验。根据句意，空处应为trial表示“实验”，空前有形容词clinical，空处应为名词形式，结合句意，新药的临床试验不止一次，要用复数形式，故填trials。
9. identical
【解析】考查形容词。句意：这些测试和去年进行的完全相同。根据句意可知应填形容词identical，作表语。故填identical。
10. suffering
【解析】考查动词。句意：在遭受大地震后不久，这座城市变成了废墟，面貌焕然一新。根据“from a massive earthquake”可知，此处是指遭受大地震，所以应用动词短语suffer from表示“遭受”。在介词after后应用动名词作宾语。故填suffering。
11. spilling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：来试试看我能不能一滴不漏地把果汁倒进玻璃杯里。根据“pour the juice into the glass without”以及句意，表示“洒出，溢出”应该用spill，介词without后用其动名词形式作宾语。故填spilling。
12. differ
【解析】考查动词。句意：他的观点与其父母大相径庭。根据句意可知应填动词differ，陈述客观事实可知为一般现在时，主语为views，谓语用原形。故填differ。
13. policies appropriate restricting
【解析】考查名词、形容词和动词。句意：政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体排放。作为个人，我们也可以通过限制我们生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。第一空作宾语，结合句意“政策”应用复数名词policies；第二空作定语修饰名词actions，结合句意“适当的”应用形容词appropriate；第三空结合句意“限制”应用动词restrict，作介词的宾语应用动名词形式。故填①policies；②appropriate；③restricting。
14. committing
【解析】考查动名词。句意：我建议大家慎重考虑一下答应周日工作的问题。根据句意可知是commit，意为“承诺”，接在介词about后，应用动名词形式，故填committing。
15. promoting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：通过促进文化理解，我们将更多地了解我们的历史。设空处置于介词by之后，应该使用动名词作主语，表示“推进，促进”用promote。故填promoting。
16. down
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：看，你的电脑又坏了! 为了省几美元而买最便宜的牌子的电脑是没有意义的。动词短语：break down“发生故障，毁掉”。故答案为 down。
17. distinguishing
【解析】考查动名词。句意：有时候，我很难区分事实和幻想。have trouble （in）doing表示“做某事有困难”，根据“between fact and fantasy”可知此处表示“区分”，故填distinguishing。
18. harvesting
【解析】考查动词及非谓语。句意：收割之后，大部分庄稼都被储存在大仓库里。根据空后内容“most of the crop is stored in large buildings”可知，此处表“收割，收获”的含义，填动词harvest；空前After是介词，所以要用其动名词形式，即harvesting，作介词的宾语。故填harvesting。
19. conflicts
【解析】考查名词。句意：这可能是她与其他学生或在家里发生了严重的冲突。形容词修饰名词，根据句意，conflict“冲突”符合句意，根据句意用复数，故填conflicts。
20. varied
【解析】考查动词。句意：这些样品在品质有差异，但是大体上可以接受。根据句意可知，此处意为“有差异”，应用动词vary“有差异，变化”，作谓语动词，且根据后文的were可知，应用一般过去时，主语the samples与vary之间为主动关系。故填varied。
21. revealed
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：她的自传透露她并非像大家所想像的那样富有。主语Her biography后缺少谓语动词，自传揭示了她不富有，揭示的动词是reveal，根据宾语从句中的时态，可以看出是一般过去时。故填revealed。
22. demonstrate
【解析】考查动词。句意：在班里的学员尝试新的动作前教练应该进行示范。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词；根据空后内容“before letting the class try them”可知，填动词demonstrate，表示教练应提前“展示；演示”新的动作；空前是情态动词should，所以要填动词原形，即demonstrate。故填demonstrate。
23. shaping
【解析】考查动词。句意：我和父亲的关系在塑造我对男人的态度方面起了重要作用。根据句意可知，此处意为“塑造”，应用动词shape，空前为介词in，应用动名词，作宾语。故填shaping。
二、
24. go to great lengths
【解析】考查固定短语和时态。根据句意和前文It is their custom可知，本句描述习惯性动作，用一般现在时。表示“不遗余力地”可用动词短语go to great lengths，主语they为复数，动词go用原形。故空1填go；空2填to；空3填great；空4填lengths。
25. break/ get rid of the habit of smoking
【解析】考查动词短语、名词和动名词。分析句子可知，缺少“摆脱吸烟的习惯”，“摆脱”可以用break或get rid of表示，“...习惯”是the habit of，“吸烟”是smoke，此处用其动名词形式作介词of的宾语。故填break/ get rid of the habit of smoking。
26. does not always have a positive influence on
【解析】考查动词短语。“对……有积极影响”的英文为have a positive influence on sb，“总是”的英文为always，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为动名词，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数，借助助动词does构成否定句 ，故填does not always have a positive influence on。
27. in shock
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：在听到那条坏消息后，我仍然处于震惊中。分析句子结构和汉语意思提示可知，这里考查“处于震惊中”对应的介词短语in shock，在句子中做表语，描述主语I当时的状态。故填in shock。
28. comes as no surprise
【解析】考查固定句型和时态。根据汉语提示和句子结构，此处考查句型It comes as no surprise that...，意为“……不足为奇，……并不奇怪”，设空处缺“不足为奇”，应用动词短语come as no surprise；陈述客观存在的事实，用一般现在时态，主语为it，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填①comes ②as ③no ④surprise。
29. being forty
【解析】考查短语。短语：admit doing sth.“承认做某事”，结合汉语提示，这里指“承认是40岁”，所以空处用being forty，故填being forty。
30. break down
【解析】考查动词原形。根据汉语提示“破裂”为动词词组break down，结合空前情态动词可知，为动词原形。故填break down。
31. employ every opportunity to practise
【解析】考查动词。根据句意可知，表示“利用”应为employ位于不定式符号to之后，为动词原形，表示“一切机会”为every opportunity作宾语，表示“练习”为practice ，此处应用其不定式形式作定语修饰opportunity。故填①employ②every③opportunity④to⑤practice。
32. have a tendency
【解析】考查动词短语和时态。根据汉语意思，“大多生长在偏远的乡村地区”可理解为一种倾向，可用动词短语have a tendency to do...表示，意为“倾向于……”，陈述客观实事，用一般现在时态。故填①have；②a；③tendency。
33. by contrast
【解析】考查介词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用介词短语by contrast“相比之下”。故填by contrast。
34. being responsible
【解析】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译可知，需翻译部分为“承担责任”可译为be responsible for，空后已有介词for，又get used to“习惯于”中to是介词，后接动词时用动名词形式。故填①being；②responsible。
35. The failure made Carolyn realise the importance of using robots
【解析】考查固定句型。根据句意，该句描述的为过去的事情，所以该句使用一般过去时，表示“这次失败”应为the failure，位于句首时，the的首字母需大写；根据提示，表示“使卡罗琳意识到”应为make Carolyn realise且该句中的make为谓语动词，与句子主语the failure之间为主动关系，所以使用made，Carolyn为宾语补足语，realize为省to的不定式作宾补；表示“使用机器人的重要性”作realise的宾语，应译为the importance of using robots。故填The failure made Carolyn realise the importance of using robots。
36. advised us to take
【解析】考查动词短语。advise sb. to do...建议某人做...，过去发生的事用一般过去时advised，take notes记笔记，故应填(1). advised    (2). us    (3). to    (4). take
37. approved of us
【解析】考查动词短语。根据汉语可知，空处表示“同意我们”，空后是动词-ing形式，因此可用固定短语approve of sb. doing sth.，意为“同意某人做某事”，结合句意可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，时态宜用一般过去时，approve应用过去式的形式approved，“我们”可译为代词us。故可填approved of us。
38. accusing him of
【解析】考查非谓语动词。表示“指控”短语为accuse of，此处为句型it is no use doing sth.。故填accusing him of。
39. getting the bill through
【解析】考查动词短语。根据汉语翻译可知，空处需填“使这项议案通过”的英语表达，表示“通过”可以用动词短语get through，“这项议案”用名词the bill表示，根据“had any difficulty in”可知，此处用动名词作介词in的宾语。故填getting the bill through。
40. considering signing up for
【解析】考查时态，动名词和固定短语。根据汉语意思可知，“正在考虑”用现在进行时，所以用considering和前面的am构成进行是，considering后接动名词作宾语，报名参加译为“sign up for”，故填considering signing up for。
41. for the sake of
【解析】考查介词短语。表示“为了...，看在...的份上”应用介词短语for the sake of。故填for the sake of。
42. The last ten years has witnessed
【解析】考查名词和动词。根据汉语提示，表示“过去的几年”应该用the past few years，在句子中作主语，当做整体看，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，同时该短语是现在完成时的时间标志；表示“见证”根据所给英文提示词应该用witness该空置于句首。故答案为The past few years has witnessed。
43. reading the letter
【解析】考查动名词。根据汉语提示，“看信”可译为“read the letter”，分析句子成分可知，所设空处作宾语，该处使用固定搭配“finish (doing) sth.”，动词finish后接宾语时，常跟名词或动名词形式，结合语境，故填reading the letter。
44. nothing is more important than health
【解析】考查动词时态和形容词比较级。分析句子，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“健康是最重要的”可以使用否定+比较级的结构，表示最高级的意义，即nothing is more important than health。故答案为nothing is more important than health。
45. Apart from cleaning the yard and making the bed for the old
【解析】考查短语、介词和动名词。除了...外为apart from，打扫庭院 clean the yard ，为老人们铺床 make the bed for the old, 介词后接动名词。故填Apart from cleaning the yard and making the bed for the old。
46. In other words
【解析】考查固定短语。结合汉语提示，in other words (换句话说)符合句意，首字母大写。故填In other words。
47. to staying rather than stay indoors
【解析】考查固定句型和动词。“呆”用动词stay表达；prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth意为“宁愿……也不愿……，喜欢……胜过……”符合句意；此句可翻译为The children preferred cycling to the countryside to staying indoors all day.；第一空填to staying；此外，“宁愿……也不愿……”可用固定句型prefer to do...rather than do...表达，此句可表达为The children preferred to cycle to the countryside rather than stay indoors all day.；第二空填rather than stay indoors。故答案为：①to staying；②rather than stay indoors。
48. insisted on leaving
【解析】考查谓语动词和动词短语。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据句意，表示“坚持做某事”为insist on doing sth.，且描述的为过去的事情，主语和谓语之间为主动关系，所以应为insisted on doing sth.，“离开”为leave，跟在介词之后，与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，所以应用动名词形式作宾语。故填insisted on leaving。
49. get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers break down barriers to apologise, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation
【解析】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“度过难关”短语为get through difficult situations，且上文为短语help sb. do sth.；表示“在陌生人的世界里找到朋友”短语为find friends in a world of strangers；表示“打破障碍”短语为break down barriers，且can后跟动词原形；表示“道歉”应用动词apologise；表示“某人打招呼”短语为greet someone；表示“寻求帮助或者开始对话”短语为askfor help, or to start a conversation，此处为use sth. to do sth.。故填①get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers；②break down barriers；③to apologise, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation。
50. attached to the wall or the ceiling
【解析】考查非谓语动词和短语。根据中英文提示，空处为“固定的墙上或天花板上的”，译为attach to the wall or the ceiling，修饰bags，attach与bags是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填attached to the wall or the ceiling。
51. having the chance to take part in
【解析】考查动词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，“有机会做某事”译为have the chance to do sth.，位于介词of之后，应用动名词，“参加”译为take part in。故填having the chance to take part in。
52. he lowered his head
【解析】考查动词和时态。主语为he，结合句意表示“低头”应用lower his head，结合语境用一般过去时。故填he lowered his head。
53. comes to protecting
【解析】考查固定短语和动名词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“谈到保护”，“当谈到”是固定短语when it comes to，其中to是介词，“保护”是protect，用动名词protecting作宾语。故填comes；to；protecting。
三、
54. bother her with
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：我现在不想因为孩子而麻烦她。短语bother ... with...，意为“因……而麻烦……”，根据汉语意思，故填bother her with。
55. breaks down
【解析】考查动词。句意：当它坏了，你必须花时间修理它。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。表示“出故障”用break down。句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，句子的主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应该使用第三人称单数。故填breaks down。
56. lowered my head, my face burning with embarrassment
【解析】考查动词，独立主格，和短语。句意：我低下头，尴尬得满脸通红。“低下”可用动词lower，“头”可用名词head，“尴尬得满脸通红”可用独立主格结构，my face burning with embarrassment，face与burn是主动关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语，with embarrassment“尴尬的”，根据句意可知应用一般过去时。故填lowered my head, my face burning with embarrassment。
57. does not bother to brush her hair
【解析】考查动词短语和一般现在时。句意：然而，如果一个学生懒得梳头，她的眼睛因为哭泣而变红，那么我可以推断出有更深层次的问题在起作用。表示“懒得做某事”应用don’t bother to do，表示“梳头”应用brush one’s hair。根据“her eyes are red from weeping”可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语student为第三人称单数，所以助动词应用does。且根据“her eyes are red from weeping”可知，形容词性物主代词应用her表示“她的”。故填does not bother to brush her hair。
58. finding fault/ault with
【解析】考查动名词。句意：当你不忙着挑毛病时，生活就会很好。固定搭配：be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”；结合句意、首字母和所给汉语“挑毛病”可知，find fault with符合题意，动名词形式作宾语。故答案为finding fault with。
59. being responsible for
【解析】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：我知道，作为一名高中生，我必须更加努力地学习，习惯承担更多的责任。“承担责任”用动词短语be responsible for表示，在介词to后用动名词形式being responsible for。故填being responsible for。
60. reveal details
【解析】考查及物动词和名词。句意：不透露病人病情的细节是正常的做法。根据汉语意思“透露细节”reveal为及物动词后接 details作宾语，detail为可数名词，用复数形式。且此处为it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语，上文为It is normal practice not to，可知应填动词原形。故填reveal details。
61. In other words
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：换句话说，让你的大脑保持忙碌和工作。根据汉意提示，应为介词短语in other words作状语。故填In other words。
62. Ashamed and feeling like a thief
【解析】考查形容词和现在分词作状语。句意：她感到很羞愧，感觉自己像个小偷。最后，她终于明白，那些饼干不是她的，而是属于坐在她旁边的那个男人的，那个男人之前还平静地提出要和她分享他的最后一块饼干。分析句子可知，“感到羞耻和像小偷一样”描写主语she的心理状态，作伴随状语，“感到羞耻”可用形容词ashamed表示，“像小偷一样”可用动词短语feel like a thief表示，用非谓语动词，与逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式feeling like a thief。故填Ashamed and feeling like a thief。
63. dying out
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：大猩猩组织筹集资金，以拯救世界上仅存的大猩猩免于灭绝。结合汉语提示可知，动词短语die out符合题意，作介词from的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填①dying；②out。
64. broke down
【解析】考查动词短语和时态。句意：他给他妈妈打电话时，电话系统突然坏了。“坏了”应用动词短语break down，由从句was可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，所以主句谓语动词break应用过去式，故填broke down。
65. taking action
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：在采取行动之前反思是很重要的，这样可以避免因匆忙而犯错误。考查固定搭配take action采取行动，作介词before的宾语，因此空处要用动名词形式。故填taking action。
66. playing with the words
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：通过玩童谣中的单词，孩子们学会了语言。根据汉语提示可知，”玩文字游戏“可使用固定短语play with the words，介词by后接动名词形式。故填playing with the words。
67. stared out of the window
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：我只是盯着窗外，试图理解我刚才听到的话。分析句子结构，此处作主句谓语动词，结合后文动词时态，可知此处用动词一般过去时态，根据汉语提示“凝视着窗外”，stared out of the window凝视着窗外，符合题意。故填stared out of the window。
68. waiting for another two hours
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果再等两个小时，我就换一家餐馆。“等……”为动词短语wait for，“再”为another，“两个小时”为two hours，mean doing固定搭配，意为“意味着做某事”，故填waiting for another two hours。
69. putting up
【解析】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：他决定不在旅馆里住宿，而是开车回家。根据提示的汉语，表示“住宿”应为固定短语put up，因位于介词of之后作宾语，所以此处使用动名词形式，结合句意，此处表示主动意义。故填putting up。
70. a correct assessment
【解析】考查形容词和名词。句意：我们应该正确评价历史人物。correct“正确的”，修饰名词assessment“评价”此处指一个正确的评价，故答案为a correct assessment。
71. referring to
【解析】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：请不查阅字典完成练习。根据汉语提示“查阅”可知，此处为动词短语refer to，without为介词，后面需加动名词作宾语。故填referring to。
72. Washing Spot was slow and tiring
【解析】考查动名词，形容词，时态和主谓一致。句意：给Spot洗澡又慢又累，因为这是他们第一次做这件事。由was可知，句子时态用一般过去时，“给Spot洗澡”用动名词作主语，是washing Spot，其后谓语动词用单数，是was，“又慢又累”用形容词作表语，是slow and tiring，因此空格处是Washing Spot was slow and tiring，故填Washing Spot was slow and tiring。
73. I didn’t bother you
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：——恐怕你打错电话了。——对不起！我希望没有打扰你。根据语境可知，此处使用动词bother“打扰”，该动作已发生，应使用一般过去时。故填I didn’t bother you。
74. is the earth’s barrier
【解析】考查动词短语和时态。句意：臭氧是地球抵御紫外线辐射的屏障。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语be the earth’s barrier against“作为地球抵抗……的屏障”，满足句意要求，结合句意可知，句子陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。故填is the earth’s barrier。
75. called off
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：因为糟糕的天气，比赛被取消了。根据句意和提示，call off意为“取消”，此处为被动语态，应使用动词的过去分词形式，故填called off。
76. break down
【解析】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：当无线网络在灾难中瘫痪时，老式的手机很重要。“出故障”是固定短语break down，由matter可知，时态用一般现在时，主语networks是复数，因此空格处用动词原形，故填break，down。
77. struck/hit me
【解析】考查时态和固定表达。句意：我突然想起她来借过钱。根据汉语提示，此处为固定句型it strikes/hits sb. that...，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。结合语境和occurred判断此处为一般过去时。故填struck/hit；me
【点睛】
78. keep in touch
【解析】考查动词短语和时态。句意：我们会保持联系的，因此现在有人和我一起练习法语了！根据所给出的汉语提示可知，应是动词短语“keep in touch”，“be going to”之后接动词原形，一起构成谓语部分。故填keep in touch。
79. No sooner had the contestants seated
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：选手们刚入座，英语节的歌唱比赛就在观众的掌声中开始了。结合句意及汉语提示“参赛者一入座”,“参赛者”为 contestant，应为复数形式；根据空后的than，可知“一……就……”为no sooner...than...，否定词置于句首，应用半倒装；时态为过去完成时。故填No sooner had the contestants seated。
80. I wish I didn't bother you
【解析】考查虚拟语气。wish后的宾语从句表示不是真实的情况时，要使用虚拟语气，表示与现在的事实相反，要使用一般过去时，打扰“bother”，故答案为I wish I didn't bother you。
81. used to making a speech
【解析】考查动词。句意：这个女孩还不习惯在公共场合讲话。表示“习惯于做某事”用be used to doing sth；表示“发表演讲”用make a speech。故填used to making a speech。
82. referring to
【解析】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。句意：总统在商务会议上讲了将近一个小时，没有参考他的笔记。“查阅；参考”应用固定搭配refer to，且由空前的介词without(没有)可知，动词refer应用动名词形式referring，故第一空填referring，第二空填to。
83. It is no use complaining about the issue
【解析】考查固定句型及短语。句意：抱怨这件事没有用，所以我们应该对此做点什么。根据句汉语提示可知，此句描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。表示“做某事没用”用固定句型It is no use doing sth.；表示“抱怨”用短语complain about；表示“这件事”用the issue。故填It is no use complaining about the issue。
四、
84. exposed 85. easier 86. including 87. decision 88. a 89. of 90. to keep 91. deeply 92. before 93. stopping
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章提出了戒烟的一些建议。
84.考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都知道吸烟会引起很多问题，对吸烟者和被动接触吸烟的人来说，尤其是儿童，比如肺病，心脏病和眼疾，但这不会使戒烟变得更简单。分析可知， ____(expose) to it在句中为后置定语，修饰名词the people。expose“使接触；使体验”为及物动词，其用法为expose sb./sth. to sth.，所以名词the people与动词expose为动宾关系，所以此处要用过去分词做后置定语。故填exposed。
85.考查形容词的比较级。句意：我们都知道吸烟会引起很多问题，对吸烟者和被动接触吸烟的人来说，尤其是儿童，比如肺病，心脏病和眼疾，但这不会使戒烟变得更简单。make it+adj.+to do，it为形式宾语，不定式为真正的宾语。结合前文可知，吸烟会引起很多的问题，所以这里指“不会使戒烟变得更简单”，用形容词比较级做宾补。故填easier。
86.考查介词。句意：列出你将得到的所有好处和戒烟的原因，包括健康福利，改善外表，省钱。including“包括”为介词，其用法为：including+ n.，所以此处应填including。故填including。
87.考查名词。句意：做出最后的重大决定，去掉所有的烟草和尼古丁产品。空白前为形容词big，结合句意可知，此处要用单数名词decision作宾语。故填decision。
88.考查冠词。句意：每当你想抽烟的时候，提醒自己（吸烟的）有害的影响和你不再是个吸烟者的事实。cigarette“香烟”为可数名词，此处表泛指，且以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
89.考查固定短语。句意：每当你想抽烟的时候，提醒自己（吸烟的）有害的影响和你不再是个吸烟者的事实。短语：remind sb. of sth.“提醒某人某事”为固定搭配，结合句中提示，故填of。
90.考查非谓语动词。句意：散散步，拿支笔或者做一些像这样的事情，让你的思想和你的手忙碌起来，让你不想吸烟。分析可知，空白处及之后的内容在句中作目的状语，表示“散散步，拿支笔或者做一些像这样的事情”的目的，该空用动词不定式形式。故填to keep。
91.考查副词。句意：如果感到绝望就请放松，做深呼吸。breathe“呼吸”为动词，修饰动词要用副词deeply作状语。故填deeply。
92.考查连词。句意：如果你在最终成功之前必须尝试几次，不要失望，也不要感到羞愧。结合句中“try several times”及“you succeed eventually”可知，在最终成功之前是尝试过很多次的，所以空白处及之后内容为before引导的时间状语从句。故填before。
93.考查非谓语动词。句意：请记住：停止吸烟是困难的，但不是不可能的。分析可知，_______(stop) smoking在句中为主语，表示一般性行为，所以此处要用动名词作主语，故填stopping。