【期中单元考点讲练】（牛津上海版） 2023-2024学年八年级上册英语Unit 1单元考点讲练试卷

这是一份【期中单元考点讲练】（牛津上海版） 2023-2024学年八年级上册英语Unit 1单元考点讲练试卷，文件包含期中单元考点讲练牛津上海版2023-2024学年八年级上册英语Unit1单元考点讲练试卷原卷版docx、期中单元考点讲练牛津上海版2023-2024学年八年级上册英语Unit1单元考点讲练试卷解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共31页， 欢迎下载使用。

Unit1 Penfriends

Penfriends
话题
笔友
词汇
magazine，pen-friend，foot，inch，hobby，own，form ，keen ，keen
on，physics，ambition，shut，probably，length，birth，actress
短语
keen on: 形容词词组=very interested in…
be keen on: 动词词组=really like
区别：hair 头发
hare 野兔
辨音：height [hait] 高度
weight [weit] 重量
have been to 去过（人已离开那里）
have gone to 去了（人不在这里）
have been in 呆在，逗留
at all 强调否定句：根本（不）
not…at all 一点也不
in all 总共
all in 极度疲劳的
in the corner, on the corner 与at the corner的区别
own和have的区别
during和for的区别
句型
work as 担任
work at 从事……；钻研……
work for 为……工作；为……做事
write to (sb) 写信给...
some things=a few things,分开写thing用复数形式
something总是单数形式
enjoy (doing) sth 享受...的乐趣，欣赏，喜爱
语法
学习特殊疑问词用法，学习不定冠词a, an用法


考点1. 根据音标，词性和中文默写相应的单词

单词
音标
词性
中文

['beɪsbɔːl]
n.
棒球运动

['taɪt(ə)l]
n.
标题，题目

['kɔːnə]
n.
角

['wɔːkə]
n.
英国地名沃克

['nju:kɑ:sl]
n.
英国地名纽卡斯尔

['mi:tə(r)]
n.
米，公尺

[əʊn]
v.
拥有

['nɪəbaɪ]
adv.
在附近

['kɒlɪdʒ]
n.
学院

[juːnɪ'vɜːsɪtɪ]
n.
大学

[ə'kaʊnt(ə)nt]
n.
会计

['djʊərɪŋ]
prep.
在…期间

[kiːn]
adj.
喜爱

[skiː]
v.
滑雪

[best]
adj.
最好的

['fɪzɪks]
n.
物理学

[æm'bɪʃ(ə)n]
n.
志向

['meɪbiː]
adv.
也许

[ɪn'kləʊz]
v.
随函附上

[haɪt]
n.
高度

[driːm]
n.
梦想

['prɒbəblɪ]
adv.
很可能

[taɪ]
n.
领带

[ruːf]
n.
屋顶
【答案】baseball title corner Walker Newcastle metre
own nearby college university accountant during
keen ski best physics ambition maybe
enclose height dream probably tie roof




考点2. 8A U1词性转换整理

1

n.
雄心，野心

adj.
有雄心的，有野心的
【答案】ambition ※ambitious

2

v.
开始

n.
开始
【答案】begin beginning

3

vt.&vi
关，关闭
adj.
亲密的；近，靠近
adv.
近；靠近

v.
随函（或包裹）附上
【答案】close ※enclose

4

v.
数

n.
会计
【答案】count ※accountant

5

n.
欧洲

n.
欧洲人
adj.
欧洲人的
【答案】Europe European

6

n.
引擎

n.
工程师
【答案】engine engineer

7

n.
德国人（复数Germans）
adj.
德国人的

n.
德国
【答案】German Germany

8

adj.
高的

n.
高度
【答案】high height

9

v.
拥有
adj.
自己的

n.
拥有者，物主
【答案】own owner

10

adj.
可能的

adv.
很可能地，大概，或许
【答案】probable probably

11

n.
物理（学）

adj.
身体的，物理的
【答案】physics physical


考点3. corner n. 角落
【例句】
E.g. A cupboard sits in a ________ of the room. 房间的一角立着一只橱柜。
【答案】corner

【辨析】
【比较】 in the corner, on the corner 与at the corner的区别
in the corner 多用于指在直角的内角上
The flowers are in the corner of the room.那些花在房间的角落里。
on the corner 多用于指在直角的顶点上
The box is on the corner of the desk. 盒子放在桌角上。
at the corner 表示在拐角的周围， 范围要大一些。
Be careful when you are at the corner of the street. 在街道拐角的地方要小心。
考点4.own v. 拥有
【例句】
E.g 1) Mary ________ a nice cat. 玛丽拥有一只可爱的猫咪。
2) Everyone has his _______ ______. 每个人都有自己的爱好。
3) He is his _______ man and she is her _______ woman. 每个人都是自己的主人。
【答案】1) owns 2) own hobbies 3) own, own

【拓展】
on one’s own 独自地 = by oneself
n + of one’s own 属于某人自己的 = one’s own + n

【辨析】
【比较】 own和have的区别
own做动词时，意为“占有，拥有”， 与have意思相近， 但own更强调物品的归属为某人。

考点5.keen adj.喜爱的，有兴趣的，锋利的，激烈的
【例句】
E.g. 1) I ______ _______ _____ Jay Chou’s songs. 我很喜欢周杰伦的歌。
2) The knife has a ________ edge. 这把刀刀口锋利。
3) That is a ________ football match. 那是一场激烈的足球赛。
【答案】1) am keen on 2) keen 3) keen

考点6. ambition n. 志向
【例句】
E.g. 1) He is always full of _________. 他总是雄心勃勃。
2) One of his _________ is to become the president of the company.
他的抱负之一是成为该公司的总裁。
【答案】1) ambition 2) ambitions

考点7.height n. 高度
E.g. 1) The tree grew to a _________ of 20 feet. 那棵树长到20英尺高。
2) He is two metres _________ __________. 他身高两米。
【答案】1) height 2) in height

考点8. dream n./v 梦，做梦
【例句】
E.g. 1) He realized the ________ of his life time. 他实现了毕生的愿望。
2) I ________ about my hometown. 我梦见了家乡。
3) He __________ of becoming a film star when he was young. 他年轻的时候梦想成为电影明星。
【答案】1) dream 2) dreamt/ dreamed 3) dreamt/dreamed

考点9.probably—adv. 很可能，大概
【例句】
Well, you’re probably right.
-----Can he hear us? 他听得见我们说话吗？
-----Probably not. 大概听不见。
【辨析】
maybe, perhaps, possibly与probably
（1） maybe意为“可能，也许”， 比其余的几个词更为随意和不正式，表示的可能性不大，也要以表示一种非常委婉、礼貌的建议或要求，通常放于句首或句尾
He didn’t feel quite right., maybe he got sunstroke.他觉得不太舒服，也许是中暑了
You could put it over there, maybe. 也许你可能把它搁在那边。
（2） perhaps 作“可能”解， 是较为常用、也较为正式的词， 表示的可能性也不十分大， 它可以表示建议或要求， 也可能表示以礼貌的方式下达命令。通常放于句首。
Perhaps he will kindly give us a hand when we are in trouble. 当我们遇到麻烦时， 也许他会友好地帮我们一把。
（3） possibly 意为“可能，大概”，表示的可能性较大，口语中，也常表示委婉的请求，如：
This is possibly his best performance. 这可能是他最好的表现了。
probably 意为“很可能，大概”， 表示的可能性最大， 是一种近乎肯定的意思。
There is probably some kind of living matter on some other planets, but we do not know yet.很可能在其他星球上存在着某种生物，但是我们尚不清楚。


考点10. …and I would like to be your pen-friend. 并且，我想成为你的笔友。
【拓展】
Would like to 表示“想要、愿意”，有want to 之意
【例句】
--Would you like to go swimming with me?
---Yes, I’d like to.

考点11. I’m in Form One at Walker School . 我在沃克学校读中学一年级。
【拓展】
英国的中学（Secondary School）学制为5年，即从中一到中五，中四、中五的时候要参加各门学科的会考(GCSE)，并最后参加大学的升学式。中学的每个年级称为Form, 故Form One 表示中学一年级。
英国的中学教育


Secondary school
Take GCSE（英国中学毕业考试）
Form 5
16
Start studying subjects for GCSEs
Form 4
15
3rd standard assessment test
Form 3
14

Form 2
13

Form 1
11/12









语法精讲——特殊疑问句&不定冠词

①特殊疑问句;
疑问词
意义
例句

问事物、职业、姓名、时间、班级等
What is your father?—He is a policeman.

问具体时刻
What time do you have class?

问时间
When will you get home?—This evening.

问原因
Why were you late again?

问地点
Where did you put it?

问人
Who is standing there?

问人（宾）
With whom are you going?

问谁的
Whose watch is it?

问定语、问哪一个
Which girl is your friend?

问方式、程度、健康、天气等
How is the weather today?

问年龄
How old is your grandfather?

问长度或时间段
How long have you lived here?

问频率
How often do you exercise?

问多久以后
How soon will you come here?

问数量和价格
How much are they?

问距离
How far is it from your home to school?
【答案】What What time when Why Where Who Whom Whose Which
How How old How long How often How soon How many/much
How far

②不定冠词a/an
不定冠词包括a和an，位于单数可数名词前，表示“一（个），一（种），每一（个）”的含义。
a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，如a monkey , a university, a one-eyed cat；
an用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如an umbrella , an honest girl
用法
举例
①表示某一类人或事物
A dog is an animal.
②表示某一类人或事物中的任何一个
The e-mail is from an architect of a famous company.
③泛指某人或某物，未具体说明是何人或何物
A professor from Fudan University will give us a speech at the school hall tomorrow.
④表示数量“一”
My brother bought a new car last week.
⑤表示“每一个”
She used to write home once a week.
⑥用于某些固定搭配中
in a hurry 匆忙地 have/take a look看一看
have/take a rest have a good time 玩得愉快
in a word 总而言之 have a cold 感冒

写作精讲——阅读书信
书信写作要求：
1. 正确书写地址
在信纸的右上角常出现的是写信人的地址，而收信人的地址则出现在信封上。
2. 正确书写结尾谦称
结尾谦称通常用：Yours, Yours faithfully, Yours sincerely等等。
3. 正确书写开头与结尾
开头重互动，结尾重回复。
4. 使用非正式语言
非正式预言不是完全口语化，而是介于正式书面语言和口头语言之间。




1. v.拥有，更强调物品的归属
________________ adj.自己的，特有的，在所有格后加强语气
________________ n.拥有者
【拓展】by oneself= on one’s own 独自
2. n.物理学
____________ adj物理的，物质的，身体的
【拓展】mental adj.心理上的
3. v.滑雪
n.滑雪运动
4. n.雄心，野心，理想
adj.有雄心的，野心勃勃的
5. adj.高的
n.高度
【拓展】weigh v.称重 weight n.重量
wide adj.宽的 width n.宽度
long adj.长的 length n.长度
deep adj.深的 depth n.深度

6. n.德国
adj.德国人(籍)，德语，德国的
【拓展】Canada n.加拿大 Canadian n.加拿大人
国人的复数变化规则：中日不变英法变，其余都是加s。
以下为复数特殊情况：Chinese, Japanese, British men, French men.
7. adj.可能的，大概的
adv，很可能，大概
【拓展】可能地：maybe, possibly
8. n.梦想
v.梦见
【拓展】dream of doing sth. 梦想做某事
9. prep./adv，接近，近距离
adv.在附近，附近的
【反义词】be far (away) from 离...远的
10.  n.顶部
n.顶部(复数)

Words:
1. own, owner 2. physics, physica1 3. ski, skiing 4. ambition, ambitious 5. High, height
6. Germany, German 7. probable, probably 8. dream, dream 9. Near, nearby 10. roof, roofs



Practice


一、阅读单选
Dear Laura,
I want to tell you something about my busy life of this term. I am in Grade 8 now. I have much more homework than before, so my life is busier. After finishing my homework in the evening, I always play the violin every day. I hardly ever watch TV or play with my phone. In a word, I have too much stress now. I’m quite tired and I think my parents can’t understand me.
What should I do? What about your life?
May
Dear May,
As for my life, I don’t have too much homework, but I’m very busy as well. I need to take dance classes after school every Wednesday and Saturday. I also have to help my parents to look after my younger sisters when they are out. On the one hand, I think you’d better take breaks and talk with your parents. On the other hand, you can make a big progress after learning. And that’s the meaning of living a busy life.
Looking forward to your reply!
Laura
1．May’s life is ________ .
A．easy B．busy C．peaceful D．difficult
2．What does May do after doing homework? ________
A．She plays the violin. B．She takes tennis lessons.
C．She walks with her family. D．She helps do housework.
3．How often does Laura take dance lessons? ________
A．Once a week. B．Once a month.
C．Twice a week. D．Three times a month.
4．What does the underlined word “they”refer to (所指)? ________
A．Laura’s cousins. B．Laura’s parents.
C．Laura’s friends. D．Laura’s brothers.
5．What is Laura busy with? ________
A．Taking piano lessons. B．Finishing much homework.
C．Playing with her phone. D．Looking after younger sisters.

【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D

【导语】文章是Laura和May相互写给对方的信件，第一封是May告诉Laura自己的苦恼，并寻求帮助；第二封是Laura介绍自己的生活状态，并给出建议。
1．细节理解题。根据表格一 “I want to tell you something about my busy life of this term.”，可知May的生活很繁忙，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据表格一 “After finishing my homework in the evening, I always play the violin every day.”，可知May做完作业后拉小提琴。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据表格二 “I need to take dance classes after school every Wednesday and Saturday.”（每周三和周六放学后我都要去上舞蹈课。），可推断出Laura一周上两次舞蹈课。故选C。
4．词句猜测题。根据表格二 “I also have to help my parents to look after my younger sisters when they are out.”（当我的父母外出时, 我还得帮助照看我的妹妹。），联系前句可猜测出下划线单词they应指代的是：Laura的父母。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据表格二 “I also have to help my parents to look after my younger sisters when they are out.”，可知Laura在忙着照看妹妹。故选D。
Everyone knows that exercise is important. We all need to exercise. Doctors say it is good for us. It makes our heart and body strong. Children who often exercise are more alert（机敏的）. This means they do better in tests and schoolwork than those who don’t exercise.
There are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games. Make sure you exercise in the following ways.
You have to like what you’re doing.
Exercise enough, but not too much. It’s best to exercise twice each week. Thirty minutes each time is enough.
Try all kinds of things until you find one, two or even three sports right for you.
Lots of people choose to exercise at fitness centers（健身中心）. Why? Because there is a lot of sports equipment（器材）. The equipment will help exercise your arms, legs and other parts of your body to make you healthy. Some people buy sports equipment. But it is very expensive.
Exercising can be fun. Friends can exercise together at a fitness center or they can play sports together outside. How do you exercise?
6．In the passage, the writer tells us that we all need to ________.
A．drink B．sleep C．exercise D．rest
7．It’s best to exercise ________ a week and ________ each time.
A．once; thirty minutes B．twice; half an hour
C．three times; half an hour D．twice; an hour
8．What does the underlined word “right” here mean in Chinese?
A．右边的 B．合适的 C．正确的 D．正当的
9．According to the passage, why do many people go to fitness centers to keep healthy?
A．Because they have much free time.
B．Because they don’t think they can keep healthy at home.
C．Because there are different kinds of sports equipment at fitness centers.
D．Because they don’t like play sports outside.
10．What’s the best title of this passage?
A．Ways to Exercise. B．It’s Good to Exercise.
C．Exercise at a Fitness Center. D．Time to Exercise.

【答案】6．C 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了介绍了一些锻炼的方法。
6．细节理解题。根据文中“We all need to exercise”可知，我们都需要锻炼。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据文中“It’s best to exercise twice each week. Thirty minutes each time is enough.”可知，最好每周锻炼两次，每次三十分钟足够了。故选B。
8．词义猜测题。根据“Try all kinds of things until you find one, two or even three sports. . . for you.”可知，尝试各种各样的事情，直到你找到一项、两项甚至三项适合你的运动。right意为“适合”，故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据文中“Because there is a lot of sports equipment. The equipment will help exercise your arms, legs and other parts of your body to make you healthy”可知，很多人去健身中心去保持健康的原因是健身中心有各种各样的运动器材。故选C。
10．最佳标题题。通读全文及“Make sure you exercise in the following ways.”可知，文章给我们介绍了一些锻炼的方法。因此A项表述符合题意。故选A。
People are different. So are friends. The following are some kinds of friends. For more information, you can click(点击) here.
Human FriendsThe world is made up of humans. One can hardly live without a friend. A friend can give out light and warmth like a lamp. Especially when you are sick,he will take care of you and help you do a lot of things like housework or homework. Besides, human friends will be always the first ones who can understand your need, share your happiness and sadness.

Animal FriendsMany people keep animals as pets at home. It is right to say that animals are wonderful creatures (生物). They can be with you whenever you need them. Some people say they will feel lonely at home without their pets. Though they can’t speak, they can accompany people.

Internet FriendsThe Internet has become a very important part of our lives. It is not only helpful for people to work, but also a good way to make friends. Internet friendship has become more and more popular recently. More and more people begin to make online friends. You don’t meet each other in the real life, but you can know each other well by email or other apps on the Internet.

Instrument(乐器) FriendsSome people don’t like to tell their inner feelings to others, and they even don’t like to stay with too many people. They may play with instruments by themselves. They may play the piano, violin or guitar. By music they can get a lot of happiness.

11．Human friends are those who can ________.
A．look after you when you aren’t well
B．give you a hand on different kinds of things
C．know your needs and feelings first
D．all of the above.
12．Which of the following has the same meaning as “accompany” in the passage?
A．stay with B．sleep with C．get along with D．take care of
13．Tom doesn’t like to talk or stay with others, he may want to ________.
A．keep a dog B．play the drums C．make online friends D．call Jack
14．What can we know from the passage?
A．There are only four kinds of friends in the world.
B．Internet friends can meet each other in the real life.
C．Instrument friends can enjoy themselves by music.
D．Without friends, people can’t live at all.
15．You can see this passage in ________.
A．a storybook B．a website C．a newspaper D．a magazine

【答案】11．D 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．B

【导语】本文主要讲述了四种类型的朋友：人类朋友、动物朋友、网络朋友以及乐器朋友。
11．细节理解题。根据“Especially when you are sick,he will take care of you and help you do a lot of things like housework or homework. Besides, human friends will be always the first ones who can understand your need, share your happiness and sadness.”可知，人类朋友可以当你不舒服的时候照顾你，帮你做不同种类的事情，先了解你的需求和感受。故选D。
12．词义猜测题。根据“Though they can’t speak, they can accompany people.”可知，虽然他们不会说话，但他们可以陪伴人们。因此“accompany”与A选项意思一致。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据“Some people don’t like to tell their inner feelings to others, and they even don’t like to stay with too many people.”可知，他可能想打鼓。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据“They may play the piano, violin or guitar. By music they can get a lot of happiness.”可知，乐器友可以通过音乐自娱自乐。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据“People are different. So are friends. The following are some kinds of friends. For more information, you can click(点击) here.”可知，这篇文章出自网站。故选B。
Before you make friends, you have to decide who you want to be your friends. Most people like to have friends who like to do the same kinds of things as they do. That doesn’t mean you have to be exactly like each other, just that you enjoy some of the same things. If you’re really into sports, you probably will want friends who enjoy playing many of the same games you do. Likewise (同样地), if you love to read books, you will probably enjoy the company of readers.
The quickest way to make a friend is to smile. When you smile, people think you are friendly and easy to talk to. It may not be easy at first to smile, but remember most people will stay away from a scared (害怕的) or angry-looking face.
One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say something nice about them. Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you. Doesn’t it make you want to keep talking to that person? Ask your new friends questions about themselves. Who’s their favorite singer, where do they live, what do they do after school are all good questions to start a conversation. Make sure you have something to add to the conversation too. When someone asks you a question, do have an answer for them. There’s nothing that will stop a conversation quicker than a shrug (耸肩) for an answer.
Kids who show an interest in other kids and who are kind and friendly make good friends. Remember, everyone wants to be around people who like to do similar things and people who are nice to them.
16．This passage gives us some advice on ________.
A．how to make friends
B．what kind of person you can make friends with
C．how to start a conversation
D．the importance of smile
17．Most people like to make friends with those ________.
A．who smile to everyone B．who share the same interest
C．who are fond of talking D．who say nice things to them
18．According to the third paragraph, most people enjoy talking to one ________.
A．who is always smiling
B．who seems to be friendly
C．who praises them
D．who points out their shortcomings
19．The underlined part “a shrug for an answer” in this passage means ________.
A．being very proud B．making no answer
C．knowing nothing D．not hoping to answer

【答案】16．A 17．B 18．C 19．B

【导语】本文就如何交朋友给出了一些建议。
16．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文就如何交朋友给出了一些建议。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据“Most people like to have friends who like to do the same kinds of things as they do”可知大多数人喜欢和那些有共同兴趣的人交朋友。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say something nice about them”可知大部分人喜欢和说他们好话的人说话。故选C。
19．词义猜测题。根据“When someone asks you a question, do have an answer for them. There’s nothing that will stop a conversation quicker than a shrug (耸肩) for an answer.”可知当有人问你问题时，一定要给他们一个答案，没有什么能比耸耸肩寻求答案更快地阻止对话的了，故此处划线部分意为“不回答”。故选B。
Is there a way to quickly recall (回忆) information just before taking an exam? Walking backward (向后) might be a good way. Scientists from the University of Roehampton in the UK said this activity can help people improve their short-term memory.
Scientists did an experiment (实验). They asked 114 students to watch a video. After watching the video, volunteers were divided (分成) into three groups and each group had the same number of people. The first group was told to walk 10 meters forward. The second group walked 10 meters backward. The third group stood in one place. All three groups were then asked 20 questions about what they saw in the video.
The scientists found that the backward-walking group got two more answers correct on average (平均) than the other two groups.
Aleksandar, who led the study, told the Daily Mail, “You see things from a different angle (角度).” This difference helps people recall things that happened in the past.
And walking backward is not just good for our brains (大脑). It is also good for the rest of our body. Walking backward is more difficult than walking forward. This can help us improve our fitness, according to New Scientist. Walking backward uses more energy in ad short time and burns more calories (卡路里).
Besides, walking backward is less stressful (压力大的) for our knees. It could be helpful for people who often have pain in their knees strong, which can help to ease (缓解) pain in the lower back.
20．What does “this activity” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A．Recalling information. B．Taking an exam.
C．Walking backwards. D．Improving memory.
21．The second paragraph is written to ________.
A．introduce a useful way of walking B．explain why walking backwards improves memory
C．show who can answer more questions correctly D．describe how researchers did their experiment
22．The number of volunteers in each group was ________.
A．36 B．38 C．57 D．114
23．According to New Scientist, how can walking backwards be helpful?
A．It helps people burn more calories. B．It helps people remember information.
C．It can ease pain in people’s knees and backs. D．It allows people to see things in a new angle.
24．Scientists did the experiment to show ________.
A．walking backwards can keep our bones strong.
B．walking backwards can help us improve our fitness.
C．walking backwards can help us improve the short-term memory.
D．walking backwards is good for the rest of our bodies.

【答案】20．C 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍倒着走有助于提高短期记忆，还可以提高体能、缓解身体疼痛。
20．细节理解题。根据“Walking backward (向后) might be a good way. Scientists from the University of Roehampton in the UK said this activity can help people improve their short-term memory.”可知，倒着走可能是个好办法，这种活动可以帮助人们提高短期记忆力。所以这项活动指的是倒着走，故选C。
21．段落大意题。根据“Scientists did an experiment...volunteers were divided (分成) into three groups and each group had the same number of people. The first group... The second group... The third group...”可知，主要介绍了科学家做实验的过程。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据“They asked 114 students to watch a video. After watching the video, volunteers were divided (分成) into three groups...”可知，114位志愿者被分成3组，每组38人。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据“This can help us improve our fitness, according to New Scientist. Walking backward uses more energy in ad short time and burns more calories (卡路里).”可知，倒着走能提高体能，短时间内消耗更多能量，燃烧更多卡路里。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“The scientists found that the backward-walking group got two more answers correct on average (平均) than the other two groups.”可知，科学家们通过实验发现，倒着走组的正确答案平均比另外两组多两个。该实验表明向后走有助于短期记忆。故选C。