外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习19 ：选择性必修1 Unit 1　Laugh out loud！ （含解析）

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选择性必修第一册　Unit 1　Laugh out loud!

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

Hunter Adams spent many years in a special hospital for people with mental health problems, and he was unhappy. When he left hospital, he went to Medical School in Virginia, the USA, where he did things in a 1. ________ (difference) way. For example, when he visited his patients, he wore shirts with 2. ________ (flower) on them in an effort to make them laugh. He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital, putting a special red nose on his face to look 3. ________ a clown (小丑)．

Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine, trying 4. ________ (help) them not only as patients, 5. ________ also as people. When he finished medical school, he opened his own hospital called “The Gesundheit Institute”. He wanted 6. ________ to be a place with a special way of 7. ________ (communicate) with sick people.

In 1998, Universal Pictures 8. ________ (produce) a film about Hunter Adams. It was very successful. In the film, Robin Williams played Adams. Williams said, “Hunter is a 9. ________ (true) warm person, believing that patients need a doctor 10. ________ is a friend. I enjoyed playing him.”

【语篇解读】当亨特·亚当斯还是医学院学生的时候，他就决心为治疗精神病而献身。他决定从病人的感情和精神上着手治疗，他试图了解每一个病人的内心，有时还扮出种种滑稽相使病人放松。

1. different　考查词性转换。设空处修饰名词，应用形容词，表示“不同的”，故填different。

2. flowers　考查名词的单复数。flower为可数名词，此处表泛指，指不止一朵鲜花，应用复数，故填flowers。

3. like　考查固定搭配。look like为固定搭配，意为“看起来像”，故填like。

4. to help　考查固定搭配。try to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“尽力做某事”，故填to help。

5. but　考查固定句式。not only... but also... 为固定句式，意为“不但……而且……”，故填but。

6. it　考查代词。设空处指代The Gesundheit Institute，为同一物，故填it。

7. communicating　考查非谓语动词。设空处作介词of的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填communicating。

8. produced　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“In 1998”可知，设空处应用动词过去式，故填produced。

9. truly　考查词性转换。设空处修饰形容词warm，应用副词，故填truly。

10. who/that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为a doctor，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故填who/that。

B

Classical Chinese garden design aims to create a natural landscape on a small scale and emphasise the perfect harmony between man and nature.

A Chinese garden 1. ________ (be) like a scroll (卷轴) painting, 2. ________ (show) a series of carefully composed scenes. New views are revealed as one walks along the pathways. In the gardens, 3. ________ most frequently meet the eye are winding paths that seemingly lead to nowhere. There, a path seems to end, but all of 4. ________ sudden, a new world is rolled out before you：pavilions (亭子), rock formations and spring water — all combined to provide a pleasant surprise! At the 5. ________ (enter) to a Chinese garden, there is usually a huge stone or wall 6. ________ (use) to screen your view so as to later produce unimaginable delight when you turn around the wall.A Chinese garden may have windows on all 7. ________ (it) four walls.And it is 8. ________ (interest) that, through the windows，visitors may see different views from different angles, and thus the composition of the garden becomes enlarged.

A Chinese garden is a place where culture is both created and enjoyed. All plants mark the shift of 9. ________ (season). Similarly, water, a symbol of the ever­changing, 10. ________ rocks, a symbol of the eternal (永恒的), create a harmonious balance of nature's yin and yang.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。中国古典园林设计的目的是创造一个小规模的自然景观，强调人与自然的完美和谐。

1. is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句的主语为A Chinese garden，谓语动词应用单数形式，又因为整篇文章采用一般现在时，故填is。

2. showing　考查非谓语动词。show和句子的谓语动词之间没有连词连接，且和句子的主语A Chinese garden构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。

3. what　考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在主语从句中作主语，表示物的概念，故应填what。

4. a　考查固定用法。all of a sudden相当于suddenly，意为“突然”，为固定用法，故用不定冠词a。

5. entrance/entry　考查词性转换。由空前的定冠词the可知，此处应用名词形式，表示“入口”，故用entrance/entry。

6. used　考查非谓语动词。use和句子的谓语is之间没有连词连接，故用非谓语，又因跟其逻辑主语a huge stone or wall之间构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。

7. its　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处在此处作定语，修饰名词walls，故用形容词性物主代词its。

8. interesting　考查形容词。此处是固定句型：it is＋形容词＋that...，it作形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。故此处应用interest的形容词形式interesting。

9. seasons　考查名词的单复数。season是可数名词，且其前没有限定词，表示泛指，故用其复数形式。

10. and　考查连词。根据语境可知，空处前后为逻辑上的并列关系，故用连词and。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 我昨晚花了20分钟写这篇作文。(spend)

I spent twenty minutes writing the composition last night.

2. 很明显，我们需要更多的实践。(It is＋adj.＋that...)

It is obvious/clear that we need more practice.

3. 当他心情不好时，他喜欢独自坐着。(in a/an... mood)

When he is in a bad mood, he likes to sit alone.

4. 我们过去就是常常在这家餐馆聚餐的。(强调句型)

It was in this restaurant that we used to have a party.

5. 他们将于今天下午去拜访他们的老师。(be to do sth.)

They are to pay a visit to their teacher this afternoon.

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

A culture's values can be mirrored by its humour. Humour has been evaluated by many great minds such as Thomas Hobbes, who, in “On Nature”， disliked humour, “Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from sudden thought of feeling far better than others.” He thought humour to be a negative quality of human narrow­mindedness.

However, Mordechai Gordon, PhD of Education, insists, “Humour allows us to view the world from an angle that is amusing rather than serious.” I agree with Gordon. Learning to look at the world through humour is important.

In the United States, every four years an election occurs. Without humour as a way to express their feelings, how else would Americans keep from clawing their eyes out and going the way of lemming? Television shows like The Daily Show have become important parts of American culture. They are mothering the masses by metaphorically(隐喻地) airplaning politics into our mouths. They make politics fun.

Of course, politics is only one type of humour. Social humour helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition. American pop culture promotes an unhealthy self­image. On the topic of self­image, Hari Kondabolu stands out. He has a joke about the popular musical group “The Pussycat Dolls”， describing their hit song Don't Cha as a negative representation of women. He points out an obvious offence in American culture.

A study from Loyola University of Maryland has shown that humour is one determining factor for selecting a mating partner. Among other things, mates look for an outstanding funny bone in a potential partner.

Of course, humour is not always used for good purposes. Humour can be linked to vulgarity (粗俗) and racism, but, like everything else, it has potential to unite human beings by allowing us to laugh at ourselves, our failures and our connection with one another.

Though life may seem tough and depressing at times, all I have to do is to look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles(皱纹)to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasn't aware of.

With that in mind, remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity.

1. Hobbes believed that humour ________．

A. was only a way to laugh at others to make oneself feel better

B. resulted in narrow­mindedness of human beings

C. had the power to mirror personal glory and national values

D. was for people to view the world from another angle

2. What is the author's attitude towards political humour?

A. Worried.  B. Disappointed.  C. Curious.  D. Appreciative.

3. The fourth paragraph is developed mainly by ________．

A. example  B. process  C. comparison  D. classification

4. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?

A. Chaplin wasn't aware of being laughed at.

B. The author feels helpless and sad about getting older.

C. Never be the one who laughs at other people.

D. The author is determined to face life with a sense of humour.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论证了幽默感对我们人生的重要性，包括政治上、社交上以及生活上等。另外，幽默感也是我们寻找伴侣的重要指标，无论生活多艰难，我们都要用幽默相待。

1. A　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“... Thomas Hobbes, who, in ‘On Nature’， disliked humour, ‘Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from sudden thought of feeling far better than others.’”可知，Hobbes认为幽默只是让自己比别人感觉良好的一种方式。故选A。

2. D　观点态度题。根据第三段内容可知，作者对政治性幽默的态度是赞成的。故选D。

3. A　推理判断题。本段首先提出主题“Social humour helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition. American pop culture promotes an unhealthy self­image.”然后用Hari Kondabolu的例子说明这一主题。故选A。

4. D　推理判断题。最后两段主要讲述了作者决心用幽默和微笑去面对生活中的不如意。故选D。

B

The idea that you can use humour, laughter, and play to make you healthier probably seems too simple to be true. However, it is really true and simple. The sense of humour, laughter and play plays an important part in keeping you healthy.

Treat the blues with a sense of humour, which is closely tied to laughter. Laughter is infectious. Have you ever heard a big laugh of a young child and been able to keep yourself from smiling? When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness. Smiling is the beginning of laughter and a smile is also just as infectious as laughter is. You can experience something by smiling at everyone around you, and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.

Play is an important part of making sure that we stay healthy. We are often encouraged to make sure our children play, and are told of the benefits of being out playing. However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it's for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness. While the studies are still in the early stages, the studies that have been done have shown that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cognitive (认知的) falling.

Anyway, adding humour, laughter, and play to our life will influence us mentally, physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humour, laughter and play to make our life more active, more interesting and happier.

5. What does the underlined word “infectious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. Playing an important role.

B. Keeping people in high spirits.

C. Quickly influencing other people.

D. Preventing illness from spreading.

6. What can laughter increase according to the author?

A. Cognitive ability.

B. Good relationships.

C. A sense of humour.

D. Happiness and trust.

7. What does the author think the old should do?

A. They should have a good rest.

B. They should play like children.

C. They should prevent cognitive falling.

D. They should take part in physical play.

8. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A. Humour, Laughter and Play for Health

B. Always Keep Our Body Healthy

C. Have an Active and Happy Life

D. Let Our Body and Mind Relax

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了幽默、欢笑和玩耍给人们的健康带来的好处。

5. C　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness.”可知，当人们分享笑容时，人们的关系更亲密，人们也会感到更加快乐。故infectious在此处的意思是“迅速影响其他人”。

6. B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness... and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.”可知，在作者看来欢笑能使人们之间的关系更亲密。

7. D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it's for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness.”可知，作者认为老年人应该参与身体活动。

8. A　标题归纳题。根据最后一段内容可知，这篇文章的主旨是幽默、欢笑和玩耍有利于健康。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

Once a fine blacksmith (铁匠) named Walukaga was brought to the king. Several servants appeared with some iron. “You must change this metal into a man，” said the king. “Not just a   1  ， but a living man who can walk and talk.” Everyone knew if anyone failed to   2   an order, he would be put to death. So poor Walukaga sat with his head in his hands all day, wondering how to deal with his   3  . Many people made suggestions, but none would   4   at all.

One evening, walking through a   5   area, he discovered a boyhood friend who had become mad and lived alone. Walukaga had nothing else to do, so he decided to humour his old friend and tell the king's   6   to him. To his surprise, the fellow listened to the end without   7  . “I know what to do，” said the mad man immediately. “Tell the king that to make the man, you must have one hundred pots of tears of his people,   8   only tears may keep your fire   9   at the right temperature.”

On hearing such good advice, the blacksmith   10   to the king's palace. After he explained what he must have the king was quite   11  . But try as the people might, it was impossible to  12   enough tears. Finally the king said, “You have asked something impossible. My people can never fill one hundred water pots with tears. I therefore   13   you from your task.”

Then everyone realised how   14   Walukaga had gotten out of his fix. But he never forgot it was his friend's advice that had saved him, and he saw to it that the mad man never went   15   to the end of his days.

1. A. picture B. statue C. fancy D. doll

2. A. put up B. work out C. give up D. carry out

3. A. dilemma B. routine C. terror D. trial

4. A. respond B. serve C. survive D. do

5. A. frozen B. contented C. deserted D. preserved

6. A. information B. message C. demand D. offer

7. A. interrupting B. nodding C. smiling D. understanding

8. A. since B. while C. when D. if

9. A. setting B. spreading C. burning D. lighting

10. A. held on B. lived up C. got down D. hurried off

11. A. annoyed B. agreeable C. cautious D. awkward

12. A. collect B. find C. win D. keep

13. A. shelter B. free C. keep D. protect

14. A. instantly B. conveniently C. cleverly D. obviously

15. A. angry B. hungry C. desperate D. wild

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。国王命令一个铁匠用铁铸造一个活人，否则就会处死他。左右为难的铁匠偶遇一个儿时的朋友，这个朋友的建议拯救了铁匠。

1. B　根据空后的“but a living man who can walk and talk”可知，国王要求铁匠用金属铸造一个会走路、会说话的活人，而不是一尊雕塑(statue)。

2. D　根据语境可知，此处表示每个人都知道任何没有执行(carry out)命令的人，最终都会被处死。

3. A　根据该句中的“So poor Walukaga sat with his head in his hands all day”并结合语境可知，此处表示他想知道如何解决他的困境(dilemma)。

4. D　根据空前的“but”可知，此处与上文形成转折关系，此处表示许多人提出建议，但都没用。do“对……有效果”。

5. C　根据该句中的“become mad and lived alone”可知，他穿过一个荒芜的(deserted)区域。

6. C　根据上文中的“Everyone knew if anyone failed to   2   an order”可知，此处表示告诉他国王的要求(demand)。

7. A　根据语境可知，此处表示让他惊讶的是，他的朋友听他将国王的命令从头到尾讲完，没有打断(interrupt)他。

8. A　根据语境可知，此处上下文形成因果关系，前果后因，故选A。

9. C　根据语境可知，此处表示因为只有眼泪才能让你的火在合适的温度燃烧(burning)。

10. D　听到这么好的建议后，铁匠匆忙离开(hurry off)来到国王的宫殿。

11. B　根据空后一句“But try... enough tears.”可知，国王欣然同意了铁匠的要求。

12. A　根据上文中的“you must have one hundred pots of tears of his people”可知，此处表示收集(collect)足够多的眼泪。

13. B　根据国王无法实现铁匠提出的要求可知，国王因此免去(free)了他的任务。

14. C　根据上文的描述可知，此处表示人们意识到铁匠很聪明地(cleverly)摆脱了自己的困境。

15. B　根据语境可知，铁匠的朋友的建议拯救了他，所以作为回报，他保证不会让他的朋友挨饿(hungry)。