外研版高考英语一轮总复习教材知识解读选择性必修第1册Unit 1 Laugh out loud！课时学案

1. employer n. 雇用者，雇主

(1)employ v. 雇用，采用，使忙于，使从事于

employ sb. as... 雇用某人当……

employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事

be employed in (doing) sth./employ oneself in (doing) sth. 忙于(做)某事；从事于某事

(2)employee n. 雇员

employment n. 工作，就业，受雇；雇用；使用，运用

[词块]

employment interview 求职面试

retire from regular employment从正式工作岗位上退休

employ two gardeners to look after the huge garden雇两个园丁来照料这个大花园

——单句语法填空

①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)It's been reported that 76 percent of employees (employ) in some western countries are using emojis at work.

②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed (employ) only since the mid­1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.

③There was such great unemployment in the city that some employers are required to employ more employees．(employ)

④He was employed in watering the garden.

⑤Some unemployed (employ)workers have been fortunate to find their jobs in the suburbs.

——一句多译

她忙着浇花，因此没有注意到发生的一切。

⑥She employed herself in watering the flowers, so she didn't notice what was happening.(employ oneself in doing sth.)

⑦Employed in watering the flowers, she didn't notice what was happening.(过去分词短语作状语)

⑧Employing herself in watering the flowers, she didn't notice what was happening.(现在分词短语作状语)

2. impress v. 使钦佩，使留下深刻印象，使……铭记

(1)impress sb. with sth. 某事物给某人留下印象

impress sth. on/upon sb./one's memory 使某人铭记某事

be impressed with/by... 对……有深刻印象

(2)impression n. 印象，感想

leave/make a(n)．.. impression on sb. 给某人留下……的印象

(3)impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的，令人钦佩的

[词块]

be impressed with the new teacher's humorous talk 对新老师风趣的谈吐印象深刻

leave/make a deep impression on people's minds 在人们的心中留下深刻的印象

——单句语法填空

①(2020·浙江卷)A few characters are used to create a single impression (impress) growing out of the theme.

②(2019·江苏卷)Their Chinese peers in the typical Chinese dress would be highly impressive (impress)．

——一句多译

他在音乐会上的表演给我留下了很深的印象。

③He impressed me deeply with his performance at the concert.(impress)

④I was deeply impressed with/by his performance at the concert.(be impressed with/by)

⑤His performance at the concert left/made a deep impression on me.(impression)

3. deserve v. 应得，应受到；值得

(1)deserve doing/deserve to be done 值得(被)做

deserve to do sth. 值得做某事；应该做某事

(2)deserve attention/consideration/sympathy/respect

值得注意/考虑/同情/尊重

[词块]

deserve everyone's attention 值得所有人注意

deserve to pass the exam 应该通过这次考试

——单句语法填空

①(2018·北京卷)The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves (deserve) another.

②It is those who are willing to give their lives to the country that deserve respecting/to be respected (respect)．

③He deserved to win (win) in the Olympic Games because he had made enough preparations for the game.

——一句多译

随着许多野生动物逐渐灭绝，目前的形势值得注意。

④With many wild animals gradually dying out, the present situation deserves attention．(deserve＋n.)

⑤With many wild animals gradually dying out, the present situation deserves paying attention to．(deserve doing)

⑥With many wild animals gradually dying out, the present situation deserves to be paid attention to．(deserve to be done)

4. cheer up (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来

(1)cheer v. (为……)欢呼，喝彩，加油；鼓励；安慰 n. 欢呼声，喝彩声

cheer on为……加油/打气

cheer for 为……喝彩叫好/鼓劲加油

(2)cheerful adj. 令人愉快的，舒心的；兴高采烈的

(3)cheerfully adv. 高兴地，欢快地

[词块]

in a cheerful mood 怀着愉悦的心情

Cheers！干杯！

cheer them up with funny stories用有趣的故事让他们高兴起来

——单句语法填空

①At the beginning of class, I cheerfully (cheer) asked my students how their weekend had been.

②This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco's most cheerful (cheer) holiday scenes.

③As the football match was in progress, we kept cheering him on．

——一句多译

赛跑进入最后一圈时，观众为运动员们加油鼓劲。

④The crowd cheered for the runners as they started the last lap.

⑤The crowd cheered the runners on as they started the last lap.

5. It＋be＋adj.＋that...

(教材原文)After all, it really is true that “laughter is the best medicine”．

毕竟，“笑是最好的药”这一点千真万确。

it 作形式主语的常见句型如下：

(1)It＋be＋adj. (strange, important, necessary, possible, clear, obvious...) that...

(2)It＋be＋n. (a pity, a shame, an honour, a wonder...) that...

(3)It＋be＋v.­ed (said, thought, believed, hoped, reported...) that...

(4)It happens/seems/appears/occurs to sb. that...

——单句语法填空

①It seemed that he had heard of the story of Einstein before.

②It is necessary that those machines be examined (examine)．

③It is a wonder that the workers have finished the building in such a short time.

——一句多译

剪纸被认为有1 500多年的历史。

④Paper­cutting is believed to have a history of more than 1，500 years.

⑤It is believed that paper­cutting has a history of more than 1，500 years.

【教师用书独具】

6. mood n. 心情

(1)be in a good/bad mood心情好/不好

put sb. in a good/bad mood使某人心情愉快/不愉快

be/feel in the/no mood for sth./to do sth. (没)有心情做某事

(2)moody adj. 情绪多变的，郁郁寡欢的

[词块]

a moody boy 一个忧郁的男孩

be in the mood to go for a ride有心情去兜风

be in no mood for further debate没有心情继续辩论

——单句语法填空

①I'm not in the mood to argue (argue) with you about the matter now.

②It is difficult to predict his reaction because he is so moody (mood)．

③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people in a better mood.

——词汇升级

(普通表达) I'd been stuck in the traffic for hours, and I was really sad.

④(高级表达)I'd been stuck in the traffic for hours, and I was in a really bad mood．(in)

⑤(高级表达)I'd been stuck in the traffic for hours, which put me in a really bad mood．(put)

7. spot n. 地点，处所；斑点；污点 v. 发现；认出；弄脏

(1)on the spot 在现场，当场

in a spot 处于困境

put sb. on the spot (故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪

(2)spot sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事

be spotted with 满是……斑点，点缀着

[词块]

spot something moving on the wall 发现有东西在墙上动

yellow with little red spots 黄色，带有小的红色斑点

put us in a bit of a spot 使我们困难重重

——单句语法填空

①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Nicolo spotted (spot) two paintings he thought would look nice above his dining room table.

②I was in a spot when my car ran out of gas on that lonely road.

③I wish our government could set up more free Wi­Fi spots where we can access the Internet on the mobile phone.

④On the way, we spotted a man holding (hold) a piece of paper that said, “Lost my job. Family to feed.”

——完成句子

⑤The police were on the spot within a few minutes of my telephone call.

我打电话几分钟后警察就赶到了现场。

8. be to do sth.

(教材原文)Like Twain, but on the other side of the world, Lin Yutang was soon to become famous for his unique brand of humour.

但在世界的另一边，像马克·吐温一样，林语堂注定很快会因为他独特的幽默风格而出名。

be to do sth.的主要用法：

(1)按照计划或安排将要做某事；

(2)表示命令、义务、职责等，可译作“应该做某事，必须做某事”。长辈要求晚辈或上级要求下级做某事时常用这一句型；

(3)表示不可避免地将要发生某事或命中注定要发生某事。

[金句](全国卷Ⅰ)We are to meet on Sunday morning in the People's Park, where the air is fresh and the scenery is beautiful.

我们将于周日早晨在人民公园会面，那里空气清新，景色宜人。

——单句语法填空

①This medicine is to be taken (take) three times a day after meals.

②The invention of the Internet is to change (change) the way we communicate with each other.

——词汇/句式升级

(普通表达)You should arrive at the spot before five this afternoon.

③(高级表达)You are supposed to arrive at the spot before five this afternoon.(suppose)

④(高级表达)You are to arrive at the spot before five this afternoon.(be to do)

用所给词的正确形式填空

1. The study found that children as young as 8 were using social media platforms largely for entertainment (entertain)．

2. Another doctor examined (examine) her and could still find nothing wrong.

3. Employers (employ) may become cautious about taking on new staff.

4. His theory on the universe was to change (change) the world in the near future.

5. She laid the baby down gently (gentle) on the bed and then went out.

在空白处填入一个适当的词

6. I've looked through all my papers but I still can't find the contract.

7. He told me that he wrote that song just to cheer me up．

8. It was a good concert — I enjoyed the last song in particular.

9. The painting is finished but we've still got to put up the wallpaper.

10. Our life will always be filled with challenges and we should face them bravely.

查缺补漏

11. It is Mary and Tom who/that often help me out whenever I'm in trouble.

12. The journey to the Summer Palace left a deep impression (impress) on me.

13. He showed me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him.

14. Having been punished by his teacher, he was in a very bad mood.

15. I think the book written by the famous writer deserves reading/to be read (read) a second time.

【教师用书独具】

单元话题语篇练

Even after centuries of 1. scientific (science) research, no one knows for sure why human beings laugh.

Charles Darwin guessed that laughter, 2. which begins in infants as young as three months old, served as a “reward” to parental care­giving. Laughter of infants sounded and felt so different from crying, and he believed that even prehistoric (史前的) parents must have regarded it 3. as a sign of well­being. The parents enjoyed the laughter, which encouraged them 4. to continue (continue) caring for the child.

One of the most interesting things researchers have learned is the powerful healing effect of laughter. Well, actually they're re­learning it after centuries of neglect：in the Middle Ages, doctors “treated” their 5. patients (patient) by telling them jokes.

Scientists 6. have learned (learn) a lot about laughter so far. You use 15 different muscles in your face to laugh. The sound of laughter is created when you breathe in deeply 7. and then breathe out the air. The typical laugh is made up of pulses (节奏) of sound that are about 1/15th of a second long and 1/5th of a second apart.When tape­recorded and 8. played (play) backward, laughter sounds 9. virtually (virtual) the same as it does when it is played forward. 10. It was also found that the most laughter took place when males were talking and females were listening, and the least took place when females were talking and males were listening.

单元话题写作练

1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)

①迈克是一家私人企业的老板。

Mike is an employer of a private business．

②他很幽默。

He is very humorous．

③他经常给员工讲笑话来使他们快乐。

He often tells jokes to entertain his employees．

④员工因为特殊原因不能按时完成工作。

They fall behind with their work for special reasons.

⑤他很少为此斥责他们。

He seldom tells them off for it.

⑥有些员工心情不好，或遇到麻烦，他总是鼓励他们振作起来，并帮助他们。

Some employees are in a low mood or get into trouble, and he always encourages them to cheer up and gives them a hand.

⑦员工享受医疗保健，他说他们值得享受。

The employees enjoy health care and he says they deserve it．

⑧他的行为令员工很钦佩。

His behaviour impresses the employees deeply．

⑨他们努力为他工作，这反过来给了他很大的回报。

They work hard for him and this in turn gives him big rewards．

⑩我们可以得出结论，是他对待员工的方式帮助他成功。

We can conclude that the way he treats the employees helps him succeed.

2. 升级平淡句

(1)用and合并句②③

He is very humorous and often tells jokes to entertain his employees.

(2)用when引导时间状语从句合并句④⑤

He seldom tells them off when they fall behind with their work for special reasons.

(3)用whenever引导让步状语从句改写句⑥

Whenever some employees are in a low mood or get into trouble, he always encourages them to cheer up and gives them a hand.

(4)用what引导主语从句改写句⑧

What he has done impresses the employees deeply.

(5)用强调句改写句⑩

We can conclude that it's the way he treats the employees that helps him succeed.

3. 衔接成美文

Mike is an employer of a private business. He is very humorous and often tells jokes to entertain his employees. He seldom tells them off when they fall behind with their work for special reasons. Whenever some employees are in a low mood or get into trouble, he always encourages them to cheer up and gives them a hand. Meanwhile, the employees enjoy health care and he says they deserve it. What he has done impresses the employees deeply. They work hard for him and this in turn gives him big rewards. So we can conclude that it's the way he treats the employees that helps him succeed.