【期中重难点】译林版英语六年级上册--Unit7《Protect the Earth》语法重难点讲学案

【讲练结合】六年级上册英语Unit7 Protect the Earth语法划重点

1. 语法精讲

What makes the air dirty? Smoke makes the air dirty.

What can we do to keep our city clean? We can walk to school.

To keep the air clean, we can move factories away from the city.

To keep it clean, we can sweep the floor.

What makes sth.+ 形容词？ What can sb. do to ….？

To keep sth + 形容词， we can ….

一：make用作使役动词表示 “使；使成为” 时，可跟复合宾语，即“make+宾语+宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、过去分词、形容词或名词。现将make的复合宾语结构小结如下：
A、“make＋宾语＋adj.” 意为 “使某人 / 某事(变得)……”。如：
    The good news made us very happy. 那个好消息使我们大家非常高兴。
    We must make the rivers clean. 我们必须净化河水。
 B、“make＋宾语＋n.” 意为“使、让某人 / 某物(成为)……”。如：
    We made him captain of our football team. 我们推选他作我们足球队队长。
    We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。
二：What can sb. do to ….? 注意to do sth. 表目的， 意思是为了做某事 如：

What can he do to catch the early bus? 为了赶上早班车，他可以做什么？

What can we do to protect the environment? 为了保护环境我们可以做什么？

三：To keep sth + 形容词

A : keep意为“使……处于某种状态；保持”，常用于keep+宾语+宾语补足语。 
　　① keep+宾语+形容词/副词。如： 
　　Keep the door open. 让门开着。

Keep our classroom clean. 保持我们教室干净。 
　　② keep+宾语+现在分词。如： 
　　Don’t keep your mother waiting. 不要让你妈妈等了。

Please keep him standing out of the classroom. 让他一直站在教室外面。 
　　③ keep+宾语+介词短语。如： 
　　They must keep their hands behind their backs. 他们必须把手放在背后。 
B：keep用作系动词，意为“保持；继续(处于某种状态)”。 
　　1. keep+形容词。如： 
　　You must look after yourself and keep healthy. 你必须照顾好自己并保持健康。 

Keep quiet when you are in the library. 当你在图书馆时，请保持安静！
　　2. keep+副词。如： 
　　Danger! Keep out! 危险！别进来！ 
　　3. keep+介词短语。如： 
　　We must keep in touch. 我们必须保持联系。 
 

2. 专题训练

一： 根据汉语， 完成下列句子。

1. I want to _____________(使我们的生活丰富多彩)。
2. That story _____________(使我们很开心)。
3. So much pollution _______________________(使我们的城市很脏)。
4. What_______________________________(使你的房间很乱)？
5. We should _________________________（使我们的国家强大）.
6. The heavy rain _____________________(使我浑身湿透了)。
7. We must ____________________________(保持教室干净整洁)。
8. ___________________________(为了保持孩子们的健康)，my mothers looks after them very well.
9. Please ________________________(闭上眼睛)。
10. Why not __________________(保持安静)？
11. _______________________(为了保持房间温暖)， Jim made a fire.
12. What should we do ________________________(学好英语)？
13. What can he do __________________(帮助弟弟)？
14. ___________________(为了使她漂亮)， she wears a pair of sunglasses.

3. 阅读提升

一、完形填空

    Do you want to stay healthy? Let me tell you how to have a   (1)   diet(饮食).
    In the morning, you can eat   (2)   bread, cakes and eggs. You should drink a glass of milk. It's very important for you because it can   (3)   you much energy(能量). It isn't good for you to go to school or work without breakfast.
    You must feel very hungry at lunchtime. So you have something good   (4)   lunch. You can have some   (5)   or chicken. Vegetables, such as carrots and tomatoes, are also very important   (6)   they can keep you healthy.
    In the evening, you must be tired. You should eat things   (7)   noodles or others with some vegetables. But remember not to eat too much because you can't do   (8)   exercise in the evening.
      (9)   going to bed, you can have a glass of milk. It can help you sleep well.
    At last, you should eat more   (10)  . People often say, "An apple a day keeps the doctor away."

1.     A. fine B. healthy  C. beautiful
2.     A. little B. any      C. some
3.     A. get B. spend   C. give
4.     A. to  B. for   C. of
5.     A. fish B. soup   C. cakes
6.     A. because B. so  C. but
7.     A. by  B. like  C. as
8.     A. much  B. many  C. few
9.     A. After  B. During C. Before
10.  A. oranges B. apples  C. pears

二、阅读理解

New York, London, Paris and other big cities are great places to live in. There are many interesting things to see and to do. You can go to different kinds of museums, and see all kinds of plays and films. You can also go shopping to buy things from all over the world.

However, living in big cities isn’t easy. It’s expensive to live there, and there are too many people in some big cities. Every year many people move to the cities because there are some chances(机会) to find jobs, to study at good schools, and to choose good hospitals. But sometimes these people cannot find work or a good place to live in. Also it is hard to keep the cities safe and clean.

Some people enjoy living in big cities. Others do not. Before people move to big cities, they need to think about the problems of living there.

1.    Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Living in big cities is easy.             B. Big cities are safe and clean.
C. All people can study at good schools.   D. Some people like to live in big cities.

2.    In this passage the writer advises(建议) people__________ .

A. to move to big cities                     B. not to move to big cities
C. think carefully before moving to big cities
D. only think about where to stay before moving to big cities

3.    In big cities people can _____.

A. eat different kinds of food                 B. only buy things from China
C. go to different kinds of post offices        D. see all kinds of plays and films

4.    What’s the passage about?

A. Living in big cities.                       B. How to build big cities.
C. How to keep safe in big cities.             D. Interesting things to do in big cities.

三、选词填空-短文请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。

Martin has a daughter and she works in New York. Martin wants to go to New York to see (1).

Martin leaves his house at 10 oˈclock in the morning and gets to the airport (飞机场）by bus. “May I see your ID card?” says the (2) at the airport. “(3) is my ID card?” thinks Martin. “Oh，no!” He doesnˈt (4) his ID card with him.

He gets into a taxi (出租车). The driver (5) quickly and Martin arrives at his house in 20 minutes. He runs into the (6) and finds his ID card. (7) when he comes out of his house，the taxi isnˈt there! He doesnˈt tell the driver to wait (等候).

After about 15 (8)，Martin gets into another (另一）taxi. The driver drives quickly，but Martin is (9). The plane to New York leaves at 11:30， and he arrives at 11:40.

Luckily (幸运地），Martin (10) take the next plane to New York in the evening. But it is 9 hours before the plane leaves. Martin has to go home to wait.

Keys:

一： 根据汉语， 完成下列句子。 1.make our life colourful 2.made us happy 3.makes our city very dirty 4.made/makes your room very messy 5.make our country strong 6.made me all wet 7.keep the classroom clean and tidy 8.To keep the children healthy 9.keep your eyes closed 10.keey quiet 11.To keep the room warm 12.to learn English well 13.to help his brother 14.To make her beautiful

能力提升

完型填空：1~10. B、C、C、B、A、A、B、A、C、B

二、阅读理解 1-4DCDA

三、选词填空-短文请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。1.her 2.worker 3.Where 4.take 5.drives 6.house 7.But 8.minutes 9.late 10.can