广东省东莞市东华高级中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学英语试题

这是一份广东省东莞市东华高级中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学英语试题，共9页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
假期学习反馈与检测英语考试时间130分钟；满分150分第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）ABecome a World Ride AmbassadorAre you interested in empowering women around the world through mountain biking? Interested in going on a World Ride mountain biking trip? Looking to make more connections within your local bike community? If so, World Ride is looking for YOU!For its second year, World Ride is looking to have 20 ambassadors help us spread our mission around the world!The duties of ambassadors are as follows:        Each ambassador is asked to raise $600 for World Ride over the course of this year        Active on social media and/ or in your bike community and willing to recommend us to your friends, family and followers        Willing to volunteer at / organize World Ride events in your area         Be inclusive of all riders and working on creating an inclusive bike communityAmbassadors can be anyone! We are an organization whose mission is to empower women, but we encourage everyone to apply!Benefits of being a World Ride ambassador:        Discount codes（码）and prizes from our sponsors（赞助商）        Discounts and possibly goodies（好东西）from World Ride         Discount on one World Ride trip per year        A network of amazing ambassadors from around the world         Ability to meet and plan trips with other ambassadorsAdditional notes are below:We're looking for people who are experienced fundraisers; in your application please include examples of what you have done before for fundraisers. Don't have experience? Have no fear! World Ride provides training to ambassadors on how to fundraise!For fundraising this year, we set up a fundraising rewards system——the more you help us, the more you receive!Applications are now open. The deadline for applying is February 18. Get in touch if you have questions about our ambassador program！1. What is one responsibility of a World Ride ambassador?A. To raise money for World Ride.      B. To lead a group of 20 followers. C. To give online courses on bike riding and safety.  D. To organize World Ride events in foreign countries.2.What will one get out of being a World Ride ambassador?A. Job offers from big companies.     B. One World Ride trip at a discount a year. C. Free biking equipment from World Ride.   D. Opportunities to enter national competitions. 3.To be a World Ride ambassador, one must ______.A. be a woman rider        B. apply before February 18 C. be an experienced fundraiser     D. design a fundraising rewards systemBAs far as I could tell, there was only one problem with this year's Super Bowl. The Green Bay Packers weren't green. They were blue. And even though I had never before seen a professional football game live and in living color, I had read enough from my subscription to Sports Illustrated to know that the dark jerseys (运动衫) worn by the Green Bay Packers were green, not blue.“Maybe it's something special they're doing for the Super Bowl,”my dad suggested. “The colors aren't right, Dad,” I said. “I'm sure of it.” Eventually Dad agreed. “I'll get a repairman tomorrow,” he said. It was a minor annoyance, but it somehow cast a pall over our enjoyment of the pre-game festivities. This was highly anticipated Super Bowl, and we were watching it on our super new color TV. It was supposed to be super. Just a few minutes before kickoff, my big brother Bud arrived with Craig, a college friend. Craig looked at the TV for a moment. “I think your tint (色调) is off a little,” he said. He reached behind the set and began feeling around for buttons. Suddenly our color TV was black and white. He reached behind the TV again. He must have found the right button, because a moment later color was restored — and perfected. The Green Bay Packers were in their traditional green and gold uniforms. The field was green, the sky was blue and it was a Super Sunday, indeed. It amazed me then — and often has since — what a major difference a minor adjustment can make. A well-placed nail or a tweak (拧) of a button from someone who knows what they're doing can change everything. The same principle holds true in interpersonal matters. While there are some hurts that cannot be easily repaired, it's amazing how often a simple smile, a kind word, or a gentle touch can change our way of thinking, improve our mood, and make everything seem, you know, super. 4. About what did the author disagree with his dad? A. Which channel to watch.       B. Which sports team would win. C. Whether the colors on the screen were wrong. D. Whether the players' uniforms were fit for the event. 5. What does the underlined phrase “cast a pall over” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Replaced.    B. Witnessed.    C. Ensured.     D. Damaged. 6. What does the author think of Craig's behavior? A. It took too long.        B. It saved much money. C. It made matters even worse.      D. It breathed new life into the show. 7. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Always put yourself in others' shoes.   B. It is important to learn basic life skills. C. A small act can make a big difference.   D. Learn to smile through life's imperfections. CThis will be an important year for pioneers developing electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft (垂直起降飞机), popularly known as flying taxis. Several firms are hoping their craft can obtain the necessary certification in 2023 to start commercial production, getting ready for the first passenger services. Air taxis generally carry fewer than half a dozen passengers. They land and take off vertically using multiple small rotors (旋翼). With clever software controlling the rotors, they are easier to fly and readily capable of autonomous flight. The plentiful number of rotors also helps with safety, as the aircraft can continue to fly if one or more fail. Some designs use an extra rotor or two at the back to push the aircraft along during flight. Others, like that produced by Joby Aviation, have rotors like a set of small wings providing lift, making more efficient use of the aircraft's battery and increasing range. After thinking hard about how to certify(授予专业合格证) these flying machines, regulators(监管者) have been working with developers on safety standards. This is a multi-stage process. Besides obtaining “type” approval, which shows the airworthiness of a new type of aircraft, factories must be certified before production can begin in volume. And an airline-style licence is required if paying passengers are to be carried. Companies are working hard to get these approvals. Piloted operations are expected to be approved before autonomous flights. In Germany, Volocopter will be flight-testing a family of eVTOLs. The firm is hoping its smallest, the two-seater VoloCity, can be certified in time for the 2024 Olympics in Paris, where the plan is to operate trips between airports and the athletes' village. Other air-taxi firms also hope to provide services in Paris, or at the World Expo, which takes place in Japan in 2025. 8. What can make eVTOL aircraft safer? A. Fewer passengers.  B. Smarter software.  C. More rotors.   D. Smaller wings. 9. What can we say about the certifying process of eVTOL aircraft? A. Efficient.    B. Complicated.   C. Confusing.   D. Creative. 10. What does Volocopter expect of its VoloCity? A. It will defeat air taxis from other firms.   B. It will participate in the next World Expo. C. It will conduct piloted operations in 2025.  D. It will provide services for the 2024 Olympics. 11. Which would be the best title for the text? A. The future of transportation      B. The development of flying craft C. A green vehicle takes flight      D. The air taxi is coming D“Who's a good reader? It's you, isn't it?” This is a typical example of “parentese (父母语).” Recent research suggests that parents speaking parentese to their babies can give their language development a serious boost. In the study, researchers found that teaching parents how to speak proper parentese enhanced their ability to communicate with their babies — and even improved the children's long-term language skills. Parentese is distinct from conventional baby talk, which mostly relies on silly sounds and made-up words. In the 1960s, scientists studying speech patterns across different languages noticed a unique style that adults used addressing young children. This language was characterized by simple words and grammar, high pitch (音调) and a much slower speed. The baby-directed speech was first named “motherese” before it was called “parentese.” Later research showed parentese is grammatically correct, with real words and phrases, which helped babies differentiate between words and process what was being said. “We've known for some time that use of parentese is associated with improved language outcomes, but we didn't know why,” says Patricia K. Kuhl, the study's senior author. But Kuhl thinks the new research suggests why parentese helps babies learn language skills. “We now think parentese works because it's a social attraction for the baby brain,” she says. “Its high pitch and slower speed are socially engaging and invite the baby to respond.” All 71 families in the new study had their children equipped with a special coat with an audio recorder built in. During four separate weekends when the babies were 6, 10, 14 and 18 months old, the researchers recorded all of the interactions between family members and the babies. The 48 families who were randomly selected for a course in parentese learned about ways to include more parentese in conversation. And even though all of the participating families used some form of parentese at the start of the study, the babies of parents who received coaching showed the most improvements in their conversation skills. Beyond that, those babies had a 100-word vocabulary compared with the control group, who only knew 60 words at 18 months12. Which aspect of the study does paragraph 1 focus on? A. Its aim.     B. Its result.   C. Its procedure.    D. Its participants. 13. What did scientists find about parentese in the 1960s? A. It was easy to follow.       B. It was unique to mothers. C. It was full of made-up words.     D. It was similar to traditional baby talk. 14. What does Kuhl say about parentese? A. It teaches babies more social skills.    B. It inspires babies to speak more. C. It has short-term effects on babies.    D. It helps babies differentiate words and phrases. 15. Which of the following describes the 48 families? A. The parents knew more parentese skills. B. Their babies grasped 60 words at 18 months. C. The parents failed to use parentese through the study. D. Their babies received more coaching on a 100-word vocabulary.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。 If making changes to your weekend routine could improve your productivity and mood through the coming week, would you do it？Research says that it can.  16  Try a few of these additions to your routine and see how they work for you.●Get plenty of sleep. The importance of sleep to your brain's health just can't be overstated. Ideally，you shouldn't ever be short of sleep, which can affect everything from your mood to your cognitive（认知的）function.  17  You can do this by sleeping late, but you don't have to. Naps(午睡）create big brain benefits, and the weekend can be a perfect time for napping.●Get outside. Spending time in nature benefits your brain and your general health. So unless the weather is really bad, plan for some time outdoors.  18  A park where you're surrounded by trees and other plants works too.● 19  When you're working during the week, it may be hard to spend as much time socializing with friends and family as you might like. So spend some time during the weekend with people you care about most.●Do something fun that's outside your normal routine. This change requires creativity, but it may be the most enjoyable small change you can make.  20  That's because, when you break out of normal routine, your brain is awake and active.You'll remember that part of your weekend better, and you'll face the week with greater energy and creativity.The key is to plan ahead. Spend time with people you like.C. Think back to the last time you had a small outing. D. You don't have to travel to forests to experience the benefits. E. It will make your weekends more memorable and enjoyable. F. The good news is that you don't have to make huge changes.G. But if you' ve fallen behind on sleep during the week, use the weekend to catch up.第二部分  英语知识运用（共四节；满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was cooking dinner when my cell phone rang. My friend Anna called because her car  21  and her two kids were hungry and tired. She asked if I could go and  22  the kids while she was waiting for the car service. I asked my husband to  23  cooking dinner and then started my car. As I was driving to my  24 , fog formed and thickened. After picking up the kids, I had to  25  in thick fog. The children were my responsibility and I couldn't help but be  26 . I tried to put on a brave front as I drove in almost zero  27 . Soon the fog thickened to the point where I could hardly see and my anxiety began to  28 . I knew I had to pull over, but I couldn't even see the lines on the road. I drove as  29  as possible, going to the right where I thought the  30  might be. I stopped and reached for my phone, only to realize I had left it at home. While I was  31 what to do, flashing lights in my rearview mirror (后视镜) caught my attention. It was a huge relief to see a police car getting  32 . The police officer asked for my address,  33  me to follow him and guided us home. Before I found time to  34  him, he had disappeared into the darkness. All I could do was be  35  in my heart. 21. A. turned around  B. sped up  C. pulled off  D. broke down 22. A. visit  B. assess  C. fetch  D. praise 23. A. put aside  B. take over  C. pay for  D. talk about 24. A. company  B. property  C. destination  D. residence 25. A. drive  B. wander  C. escape  D. check 26. A. patient  B. nervous  C. polite  D. curious 27. A. visibility  B. gravity  C. effort  D. waste 28. A. change  B. return  C. disappear  D. peak 29. A. slowly  B. blindly  C. directly  D. exactly 30. A. shelter  B. tree  C. shoulder  D. light 31. A. learning  B. remembering  C. wondering  D. explaining 32. A. smarter  B. brighter  C. cleaner  D. closer 33. A. forced  B. instructed  C. promised  D. inspired 34. A. persuade  B. interview  C. thank  D. invite 35. A. hopeful  B. welcome  C. determined  D. grateful第二节 单句语法填空（共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分）根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空。Defining the carbon cycle on Mars is ___________ (absolute) the key to trying to understand how life could fit into that cycle.  37. So far the main thing many large retailers have done in ___________ (respond) to all this is to open online stores, so people will come to them directly.38. ___________ (compare) to people living a few generations ago, we have greater opportunities to have a good time.39. Despite the difficult situation, Dr Bethune did _________ he could to assist the Chinese people.  40. A group of old people sat under a big tree, ___________ (chat) over a cup of tea.41. Nobody but Mary and Mike ___________ (invite) to attend yesterday's press conference.42. The measure would make New Zealand the first country ___________ (have) farmers pay for emissions from farm animals.43. I find ___________ challenging to follow Professor Brown’s lecture because he speaks too fast.44. “Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will ___________ turn make cities greener,” said Dan Hill.45. On the other hand, scientific ___________ (theory) cannot be predicted; they must be formulated and confirmed.第三节 语篇填空（共10小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空。The Baihetan hydropower plant, China's second largest hydropower facility on the upstream branch of the Yangtze river, was 46. ________ (formal) completed on Tuesday after the last generating unit was connected. The plant is estimated to generate 62.44 billion kilowatt-hours annually, 47. ________ could save about 90 million tons of coal a year and cut annual carbon dioxide emissions (排放) by about 248 million tons. Baihetan is one of six huge hydropower 48. ________ (station) along the Yangtze river, China's longest. The Three Gorges Corporation, the project's developer, has described the 289-meter dam (大坝) and 49. ________ (it) associated facilities as one of the country's biggest and 50. ________ (challenging) engineering projects. Construction began in 2017, with a total investment 51. ________ (estimate) at 170 billion yuan. As 52. ________ major project in China's west-east power transmission (输送) program, it will deliver electricity across the country 53. ________ cities in the east. China goes on 54. ________ (construct) hydropower plants in the southwest, despite a long and severe drought in the summer of 2022 that saw generation volumes drop, forcing regions 55. ________ (limit) power consumption.第四节 单词考查（共20小题, 每小题1分, 满分20分）根据括号内中文或首字母提示，在下面空格处填入一个符合句子意思和语法结构的词。(请把56-63小题的首字母写到答题卡上，否则0分处理）56. Currently, many students are a________ to video games, which is very harmful to their growth. 57. The news websites u________ the content of their webpages constantly to provide readers with the latest news. 58. They have huge amounts of work to do every day, but they never c______ about the workload. 59.This sunny weather is not t________ of Britain, where it’s usually rainy or cloudy in spring.60. Sichuan food, f________ the hot taste, is widely welcomed across the country.61.During the outbreak of Covid-19, many companies adopted f______ working hours to ensure the safety.62. Every time I saw the old photo, it r________ me of my happy childhood memories.63. According to Dr. Smith, many d________ can be prevented through regular exercise and a healthy diet.64. There's also satisfaction which comes from being a ________(志愿者）, or just from national pride. 65. He wrote a very ________ (正式的) letter of apology to Jim.66. We should shoulder the ________(责任）as a group.67. To come to China, one of the early cradles of ________(文明), has long been my dream and therefore, I fell very honored to be your guest.68. The government claims that the law will overcome centuries of exclusion, at last giving the children of the poor ________(平等的）access to education.69. For others (me included), the cloud is where we ________(下载）movies and stream television shows.70. It's ________(违法的）to drive a car without a driver’s license.71. The theme park you are possibly most ________(熟悉的）with is Disneyland.72. The doctor said it was only a slight wound. What a _________(宽慰）！73. He has the ________(潜力）to become a world-class musician.74. She felt ________(尴尬的) about undressing in front of the doctor.75. You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to ________(消化). 第三部分写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分） 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Tom 对中国文化特别感兴趣，希望你能给他一些建议。请你根据以下提示写一封 email。 1. 借助电视节目、报刊、中国经典作品了解中国文化； 2. 和中国朋友多沟通。 参考词汇：经典作品 classic 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 80 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours, Li Hua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。It was my brother's idea. Let's get Mom a pet dog for her birthday. It would make her happy. I thought it was a good idea, as Mom had always wanted to own a dog. By the time our conversation ended, I had my task: find our mother a dog.After a careful search, I finally found an ad for dogs in a local newspaper. A nearby family had a dog who had just given birth to five male puppies（小狗）！ All had had their first vaccines（疫苗），and would be ready to leave their mom in a few weeks.I gave them a call.The man who answered the phone listened patiently to my story and set a date for us to meet the dogs.When the day arrived, I got into my brother's car. We pulled up in front of some houses that sat along a narrow street. As we stepped onto the sidewalk，we were greeted by noisy barks（吠叫声）. Four dogs had positioned themselves on the back of a sofa and were watching us through a large window. We climbed onto the porch(门廊) and rang the doorbell.A tall man with graying hair and a kind smile opened the door. As I reached to shake his hand, I could see the puppies behind him, running to get to us. Each puppy wore a different color string around his neck.We met the man's wife, who wore a similar friendly smile and welcomed us to her home. We met the puppies' parents and then set about the business of selecting a friend for our mother. There were four puppies and four visitors; the man handed each of us a dog. Three of the puppies looked up at us with large, curious eyes. The fourth one, who I was holding, began to wiggle excitedly and kiss my face. "Let's take this one! He's the one! Look how lovely he is!" I said. As far as I was concerned, it was a done deal.注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

参考答案第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）1-3 ABB   4-7CDDC    8-11CBDD        12-15 BABA    16-20 FGDBE第二部分  英语知识运用（共四节；满分60分）第一节 完形填空 21-25 DCBCA  26-30 BADAC  31-35 CDBCD第二节 单句语法填空（每小题1分，满分10分）36. absolutely  37. response  38. Compared   39. what   40. chatting   41. was invited  42. to have  43. it  44. in   45. theories第三节 篇章语法填空（每小题1.5分，满分15分）46 formally 47. which   48. stations  49. its  50. most challenging  51. estimated 52. a  53. to  54. constructing 55. to limit第四节 单词考查（每小题1分，满分20分）56 addicted  57 update  58 complain  59 typical  60 featuring  61 flexible  62 reminded  63 diseases  64 volunteer  65 formal  66 responsibility  67 civilization  68 equal  69 download   70 illegal  71 familiar  72 relief  73 potential  74 embarrassed  75 digest第三部分 写作（40分）第一节Dear Tom, I’m delighted to hear that you are learning Chinese culture with great interest. In response to your request, I’d like to share some suggestions with you. Being exposed to Chinese newspapers and TV programs will provide you with easy access to authentic Chinese culture. Additionally, reading classics will deepen your understanding of it. Last but not least, it is a wise choice to make more Chinese friends and communicate with them as much as possible. You’ll be amazed at your remarkable progress. I do hope that my advice will be helpful to you. If you have any problems, please don’t hesitate to ask me. Yours, Li Hua 第二节My brother wasn 't sure and suggested that we take some time to get to know all of them. We spent the next hour sitting on the floor playing with a group of puppies. Finally, we settled on a different puppy for our mom. He was the smallest and weakest of the dogs and made up for his smallness with a large personality. He spent most of the time we were there either jumping on one of us or following his patient mother around asking for more to eat. We signed the paperwork and agreed on the pick-up date.Two weeks later, we picked up the dog and hid him around the corner in my mom's living room while she opened her birthday gifts. Just when she thought she was done, the small dog walked across the room toward her. It took a moment for Mom to be aware of him, and then she began to cry. She knelt on the floor and pulled the dog into her arms. As she kissed him, she looked up through her tears and said, “This is the best birthday gift I've ever got”. Hearing that, my brother and I looked at each other and smiled.