人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 3 Fascinating Parks一课一练

第三单元过关检测(B卷)

第一部分　听力

第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Love sugar-white sand beaches?Love skiing(滑雪) down the side of a mountain?Whatever you like,you will find the best winter travel destination(目的地) in the following list.

ParadiseIsland,Bahamas

Best for:Families and water babies

It’s one of the Atlantis resorts(旅游胜地) in the Caribbean.The Coral towers and Marina Village(an open-air shopping and dining market) are two reasons to visit this Caribbean popular travel destination.Don’t forget about Aquaventure,the world’s largest open-air water park.With the winter temperatures between 15℃ and 24℃,it’s a perfect place to escape the cold.

SaltLakeCity,Utah

Best for:Winter sports lovers

Salt Lake City is known as “Ski City”.It’s one of four best ski resorts in the USA.Salt Lake City welcomes winter sports lovers all around the world.In addition to wonderful skiing tracks,Utah Olympic Park offers an unforgettable experience.

Iceland

Best for:Extreme Adventurers

Iceland in the winter is very beautiful.The temperatures there aren’t as low as you think.There’s no better time than winter to view the Northern Lights.Short winter days mean you’ll have an even greater chance to catch the magic.An increasing number of flights in and out of Reykjavik make it easier than ever to visit Iceland.

Orlando,Florida

Best for:Theme park lovers

Orlando is another destination for winter travel.The weather is fine in winter.With the largest Disney World in the world,Orlando must be a good place to travel.

21.What can visitors do on Paradise Island?

A.Ski down the mountain.

B.Play in the water park.

C.Visit the Olympic Park.

D.Take pictures in Disney World.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据ParadiseIsland,Bahamas部分的“Don’tforgetaboutAquaventure,theworld’slargestopen-airwaterpark.”可知,Aquaventure是世界上最大的露天水上公园。B项(在水上公园玩)符合题意,故选B项。

22.Where can visitors go to enjoy the Northern Lights?

A.Salt Lake City.　 B.Orlando.

C.Iceland. D.Paradise Island.

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据Iceland部分的“There’snobettertimethanwintertoviewtheNorthernLights.”可知,想欣赏北极光就要去Iceland。故选C项。

23.Orlando is the best destination for 　　　. 

A.winter sports lovers B.water babies

C.theme park lovers D.extreme adventurers

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据Orlando,Florida部分的“Bestfor:Themeparklovers”可知,对主题公园爱好者来说,Orlando,Florida是最好的目的地。故选C项。

B

Washington is home to lots of trees and lots of fireplaces and wood-burning stoves too.But what if you live there and can’t cut wood or can’t afford to pay anyone to do it?Luckily,Shane McDaniel and his twin sons,Harrison and Henry McDaniel,21,are happy to lend an axe(斧子).The three men cut truckloads of wood—then donate the wood to those in need.

The idea was put forward by Shane as a father-son bonding project.He wanted to pass along the feeling his father Jackson and he shared while they cut wood,so he and the twins spent the summer doing their deeds.The result was a great wall of wood piled up around their house in Lake Stevens,about 35 miles outside of Seattle.To buy that much would cost about $10,000.

It was too much for the McDaniels to use themselves,and when the weather turned cold that November,Shane started thinking of others.He posted a request on a social networking site:“IF YOU ARE IN NEED OF FIREWOOD AND CANNOT AFFORD IT,PLEASE PM[personal message] ME...Please help me and my boys make sure NO ONE GOES COLD IN OUR NEIGHBORHOOD.”

The response was immediate.One man offered to donate a wood-burning stove.Others raced over with more wood for the pile.Single dad Peter Ticer,29,and his four-year-old daughter rely on a wood-burning stove as their unique source of heat,so it was a relief to receive a truckload of firewood from the McDaniels before the holidays.“To get that much wood moved me to tears,”he said.“So much stress is off my shoulders.I couldn’t be more thankful.”

Giving is the reward.It has nothing to do with how well it’s received;it’s about how much it’s needed.

24.Which of the following best describes the McDaniels?

A.Energetic. B.Hard-working. 

C.Sympathetic. D.Ambitious.

答案C

解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thethreemencuttruckloadsofwood—thendonatethewoodtothoseinneed.”可知,Shane和他的两个儿子砍了大量的木柴,然后捐赠给需要帮助的人,由此可以推断他们富有同情心。故选C项。

25.What does “father-son” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A.Shane and Harrison. B.Jackson and Shane.

C.Harrison and Henry. D.Shane and the twins.

答案D

解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“TheideawasputforwardbyShaneasafather-sonbondingproject.HewantedtopassalongthefeelinghisfatherJacksonandhesharedwhiletheycutwood,soheandthetwinsspentthesummerdoingtheirdeeds.”可知,Shane提出这个想法来加深父子情。Shane想把自己和父亲砍柴的这种情感传递下去,因此他便和他的两个儿子在夏天砍了大量的柴,然后捐赠给他人,这加深了Shane与他的两个儿子的父子情。故选D项。

26.Why did Shane post the message on the Internet?

A.To advertise the wood they cut. 

B.To help those in need.

C.To get wood-burning stoves. 

D.To ask for others’ assistance.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ItwastoomuchfortheMcDanielstousethemselves,andwhentheweatherturnedcoldthatNovember,Shanestartedthinkingofothers.”可知,那年11月天气变冷时,Shane就开始为他人着想了。后来才有了Shane在社交网站上发布消息的事情。故选B项。

27.What is the main idea of the text?

A.Cutting down trees teaches a family life lessons.

B.A family’s firewood warms their neighbourhood.

C.No one goes cold in the McDaniels’ community.

D.Giving is a tradition of cheering up those in need.

答案B

解析主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知,全文讲的是Shane和两个儿子砍柴送给需要的人,在社区送温暖的故事。故选B项。

C

A survey has shown that what you do on a plane can be determined by which nationality is listed on your passport.

According to the results of an international passenger survey, Australians are the biggest drinkers on board with 36 percent choosing to down the hatch, compared to 35 percent of Americans and 33 percent of Brits.

The Airline Passenger Experience Association(APEX) spoke to around 1,500 people, aged 18 and older, who have travelled by plane at least once during the last three months and were living in the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, China, Singapore, Australia or Brazil.

The results found Chinese travellers are most likely to nod off once the seat belt sign switches off. They are also the first to take out their credit card for some in-flight shopping and the biggest fans of gaming. Americans on the other hand like to use their time in the air more productively—when not drinking—choosing to work while flying at 35,000 feet.

Meanwhile, Brits and Germans are the best at making chat with random strangers—spending 50 percent more time than any other nationality. Comparatively, Brazilians conduct their conversations online via e-mail, messaging apps or social media.

Despite plane food having a bad reputation, seven out of ten interviewees said they were happy to eat up the selection of in-flight snacks and meals. In-flight magazines were also popular with four out of five passengers claiming to read them.

The international flyers did, however, express their desire for better in-flight entertainment.“The industry has greatly improved the comfort, entertainment and on-board service, and passengers are accepting those improvements,” said Russell Lemieux, APEX executive director.“At the same time, passengers are demanding more from their air travel experiences which will drive more improvements touching all aspects of the journey,” he added.

28.What can you probably see in the flight according to the passage?

A.Brazilians choose to drink.

B.Germans chat to kill their time.

C.Americans do in-flight shopping.

D.The Chinese switch off the seat belt sign.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第五段的 “Meanwhile,BritsandGermansarethebestatmakingchatwithrandomstrangers...” 可知, 德国人会和陌生人聊天以打发时间, 因此选B项。

29.When on board the plane, 　　　.  

A.most passengers like to read in-flight magazines

B.passengers from one nation have little in common

C.more than half of the passengers don’t enjoy plane food

D.most people tend to use in-flight time to have a good sleep

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的 “In-flightmagazineswerealsopopularwithfouroutoffivepassengers...” 可知, 大部分乘客喜欢看飞行中提供的杂志。

30.What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A.Flyers care little about entertainment.

B.Flyers are expecting better flight experiences.

C.Flyers are not satisfied with the improvements.

D.Flyers have more and more demands for airlines.

答案B

解析推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “Atthesametime,passengersaredemandingmorefromtheirairtravelexperiences...” 可知, 乘客要求航空公司提供更好的乘机服务, 希望自己能有更好的乘机体验, 因此选B项。

31.What’s the purpose of the passage?

A.To entertain readers with interesting stories.

B.To encourage people to behave well in public.

C.To criticise impolite behaviour on the plane.

D.To inform readers of the results of a survey.

答案D

解析推理判断题。本文主要告诉我们一项关于乘机习惯的调查结果, 因此选D项。

D

Our ability to collect data gets far ahead of our ability to fully use it,yet data may hold the key to solving some of the biggest global challenges facing us today.

Take,for instance,the frequent outbreaks of waterborne diseases as a consequence of war or natural disasters.The most recent example can be found in a country,where roughly 10,000 new suspected cases of cholera(霍乱) are reported each week—and history is filled with similar stories.What if we could better understand the environmental factors that contributed to the disease,predict which communities are at higher risk,and put in place protective measures to stop the spread?Answers to this question and others like it could potentially help us prevent a catastrophe.

As a big data scientist,I study data from wide-ranging,public sources to identify patterns,hoping to predict trends that could be a threat to global security.Various data streams are important because the ground-truth data(such as surveys) is often delayed,limited,incorrect or,sometimes,nonexistent.

For example,knowing the incidence(发生率) of mosquito-borne disease in communities would help us predict the risk of mosquito-spread disease such as dengue,the leading cause of illness and death in the tropics.However,mosquito data at a global(and even national) level is not accessible.

To address this gap,we’re using other sources such as satellite pictures,climate data and population information to forecast the risk of dengue.Specifically,we had success in predicting the spread of dengue in Brazil at the regional,state and city level using these data streams as well as clinical observation data and online searches that used terms related to the disease.While our predictions aren’t perfect,they show promise. 

Similarly,to forecast the flu season,we have found that online searches can complement(补充) clinical data.Because the rate of people searching the internet for flu symptoms often increases during their beginning,we can predict a sharp increase in cases where clinical data delays.All of this shows the potential for big data.The information is there;now it’s time to use it.

32.What do the examples in paragraphs 2 and 4 show?

A.Big data is still hard to get and use.

B.People aren’t skilled at dealing with big data.

C.Big data is not always an imagined method.

D.Catastrophes might be prevented with big data.

答案D

解析推理判断题。第二段的事例旨在说明如果有大数据,那么我们也许就可以预防重大灾难的发生;而第四段的事例表明大数据能够帮助我们预测由蚊子传播的疾病的风险。这些均说明我们可以利用大数据预测这些疾病的发生率从而防止其大规模蔓延,即阻止这种灾难的发生。故选D项。

33.According to the text,survey data 　　　. 

A.is a main form of multiple data streams

B.is an effective way to collect information

C.is sometimes unreliable and unavailable

D.is a timely alternative to multiple data streams

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Variousdatastreamsareimportantbecausetheground-truthdata(suchassurveys)isoftendelayed,limited,incorrector,sometimes,nonexistent.”可知,调查数据有时候是不可靠的或者难以获得的。故选C项。

34.What does the underlined part “this gap” in paragraph 5 refer to?

A.The lack of big data on mosquitos.

B.The lack of different data streams.

C.The risk of an outbreak of a disease.

D.The ignorance of how a disease spreads.

答案A

解析名词指代题。根据画线部分前面一段中的“However,mosquitodataataglobal(andevennational)levelisnotaccessible.”可知,目前还没有全球(甚至全国)规模的蚊子数据。再结合下文的内容可知,thisgap指的就是有关蚊子的大数据的匮乏。故选A项。

35.What’s the best title of the text?

A.How do we collect and use data?

B.What are the challenges facing us now?

C.How can big data help save the world?

D.What is the answer to preventing catastrophes?

答案C

解析标题判断题。文章第一段就是本文的中心段。接下来作者举了一些例子来支撑自己的观点,作者说明了大数据的潜力,而且告诉我们信息就在那里,是时候使用它了。综合上述信息可知,本文主要围绕利用大数据来帮助应对一些我们现如今正在面临的全球性挑战展开,故C项作本文标题最佳。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Do you have a place you’ve always wanted to visit?If the answer is yes,have you ever considered taking a trip alone there just for a few days?

　36　 Although seeing the world on their own has always been a dream in their hearts since childhood,most people have repeatedly been told that the outside world is dangerous.The thought of going on a trip alone excites and terrifies them at the same time.Few end up stepping out of their comfort zone and going on meaningful adventures. 

It is normal to have some trouble travelling alone.　37　 For example,being alone on the road,you might have to ask strangers to take your photo wherever you go.If you join a tour halfway,you may be asked why you don’t have friends or family around.　38　 

First,travelling alone gives you a good opportunity to do everything you wish to do without worrying about others’ needs and wants.If you want,you can read on a bench beside a river for the whole afternoon without being disturbed(打扰).You are free to walk around on different streets.　39　 You can also remove that dull daily routine(常规) that always makes you feel tired. 

If you make good use of it,travelling alone can also be a wonderful journey of self-discovery,as you’ll finally have time to think about your life.

　40　 All you need to do is pack your bags,take your passport,gather up your courage and go somewhere.Go out and enjoy being alone,explore the unknown,make some friends,read a book,and get to know more about yourself and the world. 

A.Travelling by yourself is also quite easy.

B.You can go to shopping malls and explore the city.

C.For many people,travelling alone can be frightening.

D.There are also some unpleasant moments one might run into.

E.It is important to take some time off and think about the methods.

F.But anyhow,I still suggest that you travel alone at least once in your life.

G.Travelling alone helps us figure out what we really want to fight for in this big world.

答案36~40 CDFBA

第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The colour of Mekong River has changed recently—from yellowish-brown to sky-blue.Experts say it could be a(n) 　41　 sign. 

Beginning high in the mountains of Qinghai,the river 　42　 a distance of about 4,300 km,flows through six countries,and eventually 　43　 the South China Sea.It’s normally yellowish-brown due to sediment(沉积物) it 　44　.But recent reports say it’s been running clear,　45　 a colour like that of the sky.The water levels also become 　46　,creating raised areas of sand that 　47　 people to stand in the middle of the river.Experts believe dams built along Mekong River should get the 　48　 for the changes.Critics say much sediment is 　49　 by them when flowing down the river. 

That 　50　 affects fishermen and farmers.Many farmers lack water;fishermen have to 　51　 their fishing equipment.“Plants and fishes are disappearing;we could sense the river loses its 　52　.But that’s nothing like effects from dams,”a fisherman said.“The water levels used to be much higher in the rainy September.I can’t imagine how 　53　 it could be for us at dry seasons.”But experts in Thailand say the 　54　 of sediment represents a different 　55　,one that can lead to greater erosion(侵蚀) of the river’s banks and beds. 

41.A.disturbing B.impressive

C.confusing D.positive

答案A

解析根据下文对引起这种变化的原因和有可能导致的不良后果的介绍可知,河水颜色的变化是一个令人担忧的迹象。disturbing“令人不安的,使人震惊的”。

42.A.contains B.maintains

C.covers D.extends

答案C

解析此处是对湄公河的介绍,这条河长约4300千米。此处用cover合适。

43.A.develops B.joins

C.leaves D.combines

答案B

解析这条河最终汇入南海。此处join意为“(道路、河流等)结合,汇合”。

44.A.raises B.drops

C.slides D.carries

答案D

解析根据语境可知,湄公河通常是黄褐色的,这是由它携带的沉积物引起的。carry“承载,载运,携带”。

45.A.belonging to B.consisting of

C.taking on D.making up

答案C

解析根据第一段的“fromyellowish-browntosky-blue”可知,河水变得清澈了,呈现出像天空一样的颜色。takeon“开始具有(某种特征、面貌等),呈现,露出”。

46.A.missing B.invisible

C.complex D.low

答案D

解析根据下文的“creatingraisedareasofsand”可知河水水位变低。最后一段的“Thewaterlevelsusedtobemuchhigher”也是暗示。

47.A.inspire B.enable

C.forbid D.require

答案B

解析水位变低,形成了沙丘,人们可以站在河中间。enable“使能够,使有机会”。

48.A.explanation B.blame

C.reason D.application

答案B

解析根据下文的“Butthat’snothinglikeeffectsfromdams”可知,专家们将变化归咎于沿着湄公河修建的水坝。blame意为“责任,责备,指责”。

49.A.produced B.restored

C.polluted D.blocked

答案D

解析根据上文提到的河水变色可知,此处表示批评人士说,大坝阻止了沉积物顺着河流流下。

50.A.constantly B.regularly

C.seemingly D.obviously

答案D

解析根据上文提到的水位变低以及下文的“Manyfarmerslackwater;fishermen...theirfishingequipment”可知,湄公河的这一变化明显影响了渔民和农民。

51.A.abandon B.update

C.purchase D.repair

答案A

解析低水位给渔民和农民带来了麻烦,农民缺水灌溉,渔民也因无鱼可捕,不得不舍弃渔具。

52.A.diversity B.influence

C.cleanliness D.structure

答案A

解析根据空前的“Plantsandfishesaredisappearing”可知,湄公河失去了它的多样性。diversity“差异性,多样性”。

53.A.meaningful B.precious

C.tough D.convenient

答案C

解析结合上文内容可知,此处表示在多雨的九月,水位不应该这么低。我无法想象在旱季时,渔民的生活会变得多么困难。tough“艰苦的,艰难的”。

54.A.transformation B.decrease

C.source D.damage

答案B

解析根据前文信息“It’snormallyyellowish-brownduetosediment”和常识可判断,河水变清澈是沉积物减少造成的。decrease“减少,降低”。

55.A.benefit B.change

C.threat D.solution

答案C

解析根据空后的“onethatcanleadtogreatererosionoftheriver’sbanksandbeds”可知,低水位显然给渔民和农民带来了麻烦。但是泰国的专家说,沉积物减少意味着另一种威胁,它可能导致河岸和河床的侵蚀加剧。

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The construction of pocket or mini parks has given Beijing more greenery as well as a place in 56.　　　　　 people can come out for fresh air,socialising and other activities. 

In the central commercial and old areas in the capital,where there is a high density(密度) of buildings as well as people,it is a 57.　　　　　　　(challenge) job to create new parks.An advantage of mini parks is that they are “flexible”.They can be in different shapes according to their location(位置),providing 58.　　　　　　　(variety) services. 

These parks contribute to a much 59.　　　　　　(good) environment.Mini parks do the work of urban parks for those who live far away from 60.　　　　　 latter.People can 61. 　　　　　　(easy) walk over to mini parks built on their streets or in their neighbourhood,where they can exercise and enjoy the scenery.Also,with the mini parks,people can be more than 62.　　　　　　(visitor).They can participate in the construction and management.Recently,people in Sanmiao Community in west Beijing,for example,are planning a small garden 63.　　　　　 their own.Shortly after the community decided 64.　　　　　　　　　　　　(turn) an abandoned area into a garden park,they 65.　　　　　(call) a meeting to discuss people’s requirements. 

答案56.which　57.challenging　58.various　59.better　60.the　61.easily　62.visitors　63.on　64.to turn

65.called

第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

假定你是李华,你校近期将举办汉服表演秀。请你给你校交换生Tina写一封电子邮件邀请她参加。

内容包括:

1.活动目的;

2.演出时间、地点;

3.演出内容。

注意:

1.词数80左右,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Dear Tina,

Our school is organising a hanfu clothing show. __________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

参考范文

Dear Tina, 

Our school is organising a hanfu clothing show.Knowing that you are a huge fan of traditional Chinese culture,I’m writing to invite you to attend the event. 

The event is to be held to enrich students’ extra-curricular activities and spread an excellent wealth of traditional Chinese culture.It will start at three o’clock on Friday afternoon on the second floor of the Art Centre at our school,which will last approximately two hours.Performers wearing traditional hanfu clothing will present the unique styles and attractions combined with classical folk dance.It will make you feel as if you were in ancient times!

Looking forward to your reply. 

Yours,

Li Hua 

第二节(满分25分)

阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。

In 1963,at age 65,my grandfather,Erwin,decided to tackle a crazy project.He wanted to build a new house.He wasn’t quite sure what to do with the old house.It seemed a waste to destroy it,but something had to give,since it sat where the new house would be.At last,he hired a powerful vehicle to push the old house far out into a forest.

After my grandfather passed away,I purchased a near farm.When we first moved in,we asked friends to a party.They took one look at the old house and all suggested pulling it down.I agreed.Days later,I was prepared to carry out the project.But I considered it sensible to check out the old house first,just in case something of value had been left behind.

My two young sons followed,and we walked through the tall grass in the field where the old house sat.Time had caused a lot of damage to it.The front porch(门廊) had collapsed,most of the windows were gone,and the siding was falling off.The kids were amazed that nine people once occupied the tiny structure,and that they did so without running water or electricity.We entered through an open window.

I felt as though I had discovered a time capsule unexpectedly.Here lay various witnesses to my grandparents’ lives.A broken chair,some old clothes,large bags used for grain,a cookstove and a cardboard box stuffed with cancelled checks and greeting cards.But a pile of papers on the floor drew my eye.An envelope,yellowed with age,lay on top.A blue stamp on the envelope read “Passed by Naval Censor”.I knew it was from my father.He had served in the navy and written home whenever he could.My grandmother saved all of his letters.Father passed away due to a massive heart attack two years ago.The entire family was sad about his passing,none more than me.I’ve been missing him badly.

HowcouldIhavemissedthistreasure? ________________________________________

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Atthebottom,therewerewordsinunderlinedprint:“Can’twaittobebackhome.” ______

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参考范文

HowcouldIhavemissedthistreasure?I took the letter carefully out of its envelope.It was dated September 1944.My father would have been somewhere on a different kind of sea.I studied the familiar scrawl.He wondered how the grain harvest had been and how his uncle’s new team of horses was working.He supposed that his youngest brother was starting first grade and imagined that he was becoming quite the little man.He asked his mother to greet everyone.

Atthebottom,therewerewordsinunderlinedprint:“Can’twaittobebackhome.”Tears welled up in my eyes as I read those words he had so carefully emphasised.I could sense between the lines that the young man missed his home and family so much.This tiny structure was the most precious place for my father.As I left the old house that day,I took one last glance back at it over my shoulder.I don’t care what anyone thinks,I decided.That old house gets to stay there until it rots into the earth.