2023年仁爱版英语八年级上册Unit 4 Topic 2 单元小结 试卷
展开Unit 4 Topic 2小结
一.重点单词。
- earthquake [ə θ kweik ] n.地震
a terrible earthquake 可怕的地震
- strike [straik ] v.侵袭,爆发;撞击 过去式:struck 过去分词:struck
e.g. The stone struck him on the back. 那 块 石 头 砸 在 他 背 上 。
The snowstorm struck the city. 暴 风 雪 袭 击 了 这 座 城 市 。
- missing [mising ] adj.失踪的,找不到的
e.g. Tom is missing. His parents are very worried.
【技巧总结】
be lost = be missing 丢失,失踪
e.g. My purse is lost. 我的钱包失踪了。
- rainstorm [reinstɔ:m ] n.暴风雨
snowstorm [snəustɔ:m ] n.雪暴,暴风雪
sandstorm n. 沙尘暴
- level n.级别,程度,水平
e.g. The level of the Yushu earthquake was 6.1. 玉树地震是6.1级。
6. calm [ka:m] adj.镇静的,沉着的
stay calm = keep calm 保持冷静
e.g. The most important thing is to stay calm. 最重要的事是保持平静。
7. sad [sæd] adj. 难过的;(使人)悲伤的; sadness n.悲伤
feel sad 感到悲伤
- downstairs adv. 往楼下,去楼下; 反upstairs
go downstairs 下楼;go upstairs 上楼
- middle [ˈmidl] n.中间,中央,中心
in the middle of ......., 在......中间
e.g. in the middle of the room 在房屋中央。
- doorway [d ɔ: wei] n. 出入口,门道,小走廊
in a doorway 在门道口
- power ['paʊə(r)] n. 能量;力量;力
fallen power lines 掉落的电线
- shake [ʃeik ] v.摇动;动摇;震动;
shake sb’s hands与某人握手
- shock [ʃ ɔk ] n.休克;震惊;打击;
aftershock 余震, 可数名词
- gas [gæs] n.气体燃料,气体
turn off the gas 关闭燃气
- million [ˈmɪljən] 百万;n.百万个(人或物)
five million people 五百万人; millions of 上百万的.......
- nation ['neɪʃn] n.民族,国家
the whole nation 全国
- rebuild ['ri:bild] n.重建,重盖
rebuild one’s home 重建家园
- normal ['nɔ: ml] adj. 正常的,一般的
live in a normal life 过正常生活
- injured [indʒəd] adj.受伤的,有伤的
be injured 受伤
e.g. Many people were injured in the traffic accident yesterday. 许多人在昨天的交通事故中受伤了。
20.send [send] 派遣,打发,寄
send for 派人去请(取); send up 发射; send sb. off 给某人送行; send a message 捎口信
二.重点短语。
- fall (fell) down 倒塌
- be missing 失踪
- another two terrible earthquakes 另外两个可怕的地震
- more than 多于
- lose one’s life (lives) 失去生命
- protect … from sth/doing 保护…免受
- ask sb for help 向…寻求帮助
- how terrible 多可怕
- hear about = hear of 听说
- two thousand people 两千人
- lose one’s home 失去某人的家园
- run out of 跑出
- the most important thing 最重要的事情
- stay calm = keep calm 保持冷静
- talk about 谈论
- anything else 别的,其他事情
- be hurt 受伤
- some ways to do sth 做某事的一些方式
- help to do sth 帮助做某事
- keep you safe 保证你安全
- stay under the table 躲在桌子下面
- close to 靠近 / 接近 (介词短语)
- stay/get away from … 远离
- be careful of … 小心
- be over 结束
- fallen power lines 掉 落 的 电 线
- check over= look over 仔细检查
- take the lift 乘电梯
- call sb for help 给某人打电话求助
- turn off 关闭
- five million 五百万
- with the help of … 在……的帮助下
- the whole nation 全国
- rebuild their home 重建他们的家园
- return to normal life 恢复正常的生活
- fall down 倒塌,跌倒
e.g. I fell down and hurt my knee. 我摔倒弄伤了膝盖。
- lose one’s life 失去生命
e.g. His father lost his life in an accident. 他的父亲在一起事故中失去了生命。
【技巧总结】
lose one’s home “失去某人的家”
lose one’s way 迷路
- protect sb. from sth. 保 护 某 人 免 受 某 物 的 伤 害 。也 可 以 表 达 为 :protect sb. against sth.
e.g. They ran into the room to protect themselves from/ against the wind. 他 们 跑 进 屋 里 , 免 受 风 吹 。
【技巧总结】
keep sb. from doing sth. “阻止某人做某事”,此处from不可省略。
prevent/ stop sb. (from) doing sth. “阻止某人做某事”,此处from可省略。
4. ask sb. for help 向某人求助
e.g. We can ask the police for help when we are in danger. 当我们处于危险时,可以向警察求助。
5. hear about = hear of 听说
e.g. I heard about the good news not long ago. 我前不久,刚听说这个好消息.
【技巧总结】
hear from 收到……的来信
e.g.I heard from my friend yesterday.
- run out of 从……跑出;用完,耗尽
e.g. I think we should run out of the door. 我 认 为 我 们 应 该 跑 出 门 。
out of(从 …… 里)出 来 ; 没 有 , 缺 少 。
e.g. Don't put your hand out of the window when you take a bus. 坐公交车时,不要把手伸窗外。
We are out of water. 我 们 没 有 水 了 。
【技巧总结】
run away 走开,跑掉,逃跑
run after 追赶某人
- anything else “别的东西/事情”; else adj. 别的,其它的
形容词修饰不定代词anything, something, nothing, 形容词要放在不定代词之后。
e.g. Nothing else happened. 没有其他的事发生。
I have something important to tell you. 我有一些重要事情要告诉你。
There is nothing new in today’s newspaper. 今天的报纸没有什么新消息。
- stay away from sb./sth.=get away from sb./sth. 远离,离开某人/物
e.g. Get away from me,I’m so busy. 快走开,我太忙了。
- keep you safe 保证你安全
keep sb. / sth. + adj. 保持 / 护某人 / 物 …
e.g. keep our classroom clean 保持教室清洁
keep us healthy 保持健康
- close to 靠近 / 接近 (介词短语)
e.g. You can sit close to the fire and you will feel warmer.
- be over 结束
e.g. Class is over, let’s have a rest. 课上完了,让我们休息吧。
【技巧总结】
over again 重新, 从头开始
e.g. If anything goes wrong, we’ll have to start over again. 要是出了错,我们就得从头再来。
- turn off 意为“关掉(煤气、电器开关等)”, 其反义词为turn on 打开
e.g. turn off the gas and lights. 关掉灯和燃气。
【技巧总结】
turn up 意为“调大(音量)”, 其反义词为turn down调小
- five million 五百万
【技巧总结】
1) 基数词修饰million, hundred, thousand时,只能用单数形式(表示确数)。
two hundred 二百
2) 当hundred, thousand, million 与of连用时,一定要用复数(表示概数)。
hundreds of 数百,数以百计; thousands of 数千,成千上万; millions of 数百万
- with the help of sb. / sth. = with one’s help 在……的帮助下
e.g. With the help of the computer, he knows a lot of things. 在电脑的帮助下,他了解了很多东西。
三.重难点详解.
1. Some people died and many people are missing.
die 动词, 死 died dying
dead 形容词, 死去的
death 名词, 死亡
e.g. Tom’s mother was found dead in the bathroom. When his mother died, he felt very sad.
Now when he thought of her death, he can’t help crying.
2. the number of buildings falling down
the number of + 可数名词复数 + 谓语动词单数, .......的数量
e.g. The number of students is about twenty. 学生人数大约是20人.
a number of + 可数名词复数 + 谓语动词复数,表示”许多……”
e.g. There are a number of students in our school. 在我们学校有许多学生。
3. And I know that there were another two terrible earthquakes in China.
another + 可数名词单数, “又一,另一”
e.g. another boy/book 另一个男孩/另一本书
another + 数词 + 名词 = 数词+ more/other +名词 “又,再”
e.g. another two cakes = two more/other cakes 两个蛋糕
4. It killed more than two thousand people and hurt more.
more than= over 表示”多于”
5. Remember to protect your head and neck with your arms.记住用你的胳膊保护头和脖子。
remember to do sth“记住要去做某事(未做)”
e.g. Remember to lock the door. 记得去锁门。
remember doing sth 表示“记得做过某事(已做)”。
e.g. Remember locking the door. 记得锁过门了。
【技巧总结】
forget to do sth 忘记要做某事(未做)
e.g. Forget to lock the door. 忘记锁门了。
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事。(已做)
e.g. Forget locking the door. 忘记锁过门了。
- There will be some shocks after most earthquakes.大多数地震后还将有一些剧烈震动。
there be 的一般将来时为there will be或there is going to be。
e.g. There will be a wonderful concert this weekend.本周末将有一场精彩的音乐会。
7. Knowing some ways to protect yourself will help keep you safe in the earthquake.
了解一些保护自己的方法将有助于你在地震中安然无恙。
1) knowing some ways to protect yourself 是动名词短语,在句中作主语。
e.g. Doing more exercise is good for your health. 多做运动对你的健康有好处。
2) to protect yourself 为动词不定式短语作定语,修饰ways。
e.g. There isn't enough space to live in on the island. 这个小岛上已没有足够的生存空间。
8. The most important thing is to stay calm. 最重要的事情就是保持镇静。
to stay calm为动词不定式短语作表语.
e.g. In winter, the most interesting sport is to make snowmen.冬天,最有趣的活动就是堆雪人。
四.重点语法.
语法 --- 形容词的比较级与最高级
(1) 比较级的用法
1. 表示两者之间进行比较时,常用“A... + adj./adv.比较级 + than + B”结构
Lily's room is bigger than mine.
2. 形容词比较级可用a little, a bit, a great deal, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather等修饰,
使原来的比较级在语意上更加明确
e.g. It is much colder today than yesterday. 今天比昨天冷多了.
Can't you stay a little longer? 你不能再多待一会儿吗?
3. 表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更……”时,用句型“which/who is+adj.比较级,A or B?”表示
e.g. Who is taller, Lily or Lucy? 莉莉和露西,谁更高?
4. 表示“越来越……”,用比较级重叠结构,即“比较级 + and + 比较级”,当形容词为多音节
或部分双音节词时,用“more and more+adj.原级”
e.g. It's getting warmer and warmer in spring. 春天越来越暖和。
5. 表示“越……就越……”时,用“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”结构
e.g. The more, the better. 越多,越好。
(2) 最高级的用法
1. 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级形式。
adj./adv.最高级前必须加定冠词the,句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围
e.g. Tom jumps the highest in our class. 在我们班里,汤姆跳得最高。
Shanghai is the biggest city in China. 上海是中国最大的城市。
2. 表示三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时,用“which/who is + the + 最高级,A,B or C?”结构
e.g. Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? 北京,上海,福州,哪个城市最美丽?
3. 表示“最……的……之一”时,用“one of the + adj.最高级”结构,该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式
e.g. Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers. 周杰伦是最流行的歌手之一。