【中职专用】高中英语 外研版2021·基础模块1 Unit 7 When Disaster Strike（知识串讲+跟踪练习）

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【单元重点知识复习】
重点词汇
重点单词
重点短语
重点话题与重点句型
Preparing fr a typhn & Vlunteer wrk in disasters
I'll buy in plenty f fd-enugh t last fr a few days. 我会买大量的食物—足够吃几天的。
Dn't frget t buy bttled water. 不要忘记买瓶装水。
I'll als check ur basic medical supplies and see what we need. 我还会检查我们的基本医疗用品，看看我们需要什么。
We shuld als mve the flwerpts ff the balcny s they dn't blw ff and hurt passersby. 我们还应该把花盆从阳台上移开，这样它们就不会被吹掉，伤害路人。
I'm sure we can d smething t help ut. 我相信我们可以做点什么来帮忙。
We can clean the streets and help replant sme f the trees that were uprted.我们可以清理街道，帮助重新种植一些被连根拔起的树木。
We can als help distribute supplies t peple in need. 我们还可以帮助向有需要的人分发物资。
Wrking with nature & Safety rules fr earthquakes
Dujiangyan is a pwerful example f hw humans can wrk with nature.都江堰是人类如何与自然合作的一个有力例子。
Get away frm built-up areas.远离建筑密集区。
Take shelter under stable bjects.躲在稳定的物体下。
Turn ff the gas and electricity.关掉煤气和电。
Use the stairs instead f lift. 使用楼梯而不是电梯。
Activity arrangements & The influence f human behavir n nature
Let's have a minute's silence fr the peple wh lst their lives.让我们为那些失去生命的人们默哀一分钟。
Besides,I’m thinking f rganising a fire drill.此外，我正在考虑组织一次消防演习。
We culd design psters shwing hw t prepare fr sme ther natural disasters.我们可以设计海报，展示如何为其他一些自然灾害做好准备。
Scientists have pinted ut that sme natural disasters (flds drughts, wildfires etc) might have been caused by human activity.科学家指出，一些自然灾害（洪水、干旱、野火等）可能是由人类活动引起的。
The greenhuse effect has caused icebergs at bth ples t melt, resulting in rising sea level. 温室效应导致两极的冰山融化，导致海平面上升。
Develping in envirnmentally sustainable ways and leading an envirnmentally friendly lifestyle can prevent natural disasters and help peple live a safer life.以环境可持续的方式发展，过上环保的生活方式，可以预防自然灾害，帮助人们过上更安全的生活。
重点语法
构词法
常见的构词法有三类：合成、派生和转化。
派生：在某一词根前加前缀或在其后加后缀构成，叫做派生词。通常前缀改变词义，后缀改变词性。
合成：由两个或多个词组合而成，叫做合成词。
合成形容词
合成名词
合成动词
blacklist 列入黑名单 underg 经历
brainwash 给...洗脑，强制说服
转化：由一个词类变成另一个词类，叫做转化词。
名词转化为动词
形容词转化为动词
情态动词
情态动词基本用法
情态动词本身有一定词义，本身不表示动作或状态，仅仅表示说话人的态度。
情态动词需要和动词原形一起构成谓语。
请填动词没有人称和数的变化。
常见情态动词用法
【单元知识跟踪练习】
翻译短语
【答案】
单项选择
He is prevented by law hlding a licence.
If the climate gets drier, then the lgical cnclusin is that even mre will ccur.
There are clear winners when a dam is built. Farmers get water, businesses get electricity.
Training makes wrkers highly .
Aid wrkers helped crn, milk and ther fd.
The f the heart is t pump bld thrugh the bdy.
Huangshan Muntain is famus its beautiful scenery.
Schl has decided the sprts meeting due t the bad weather.
If we d mre t prtect the earth, mre lives culd .
The emergence f weather als caused a great lss t irrigatin prductin.
【答案】
1-5 CCCDA 6-10 DBBCA
根据中文提示填写正确形式的单词
A terrible (洪水)hit the twn and caused tw peple t die.
The meeting will (持续)fr abut 4 hurs.
We cntinued (追踪)the plane n ur radar(雷达).
We divide int pairs and each pair takes a (区域).
There is n knwn (疗法)but the illness can be treated.
Natural disasters always cause serius (破坏).
Only by wrking tgether can we (实现)ur gal.
There is a saying,“preventin is better than cure, and this is certainly the (情况)with natural disasters.
All buildings are nw (加固)t withstand earthquakes.
The fx was running fr the (掩蔽)f the trees.
【答案】
fld
last
tracking
regin
cure
damages
achieve
case
reinfrced
shelter
语法练习题
用所给词的适当形式填空或根据中文提示填写单词
I saw what was happening, but I was (pwer) t help.
It is a (pwer) rganizatin which has helped millins f hmeless peple.
(envirnmental) friendly prducts are increasingly ppular.
Mum is (water) the flwers in the garden.
(lucky) ,ur huse isn’t damaged.
He is a (fame) dctr.
His perfrmance was (wnder). Audiences likes it very much.
He stepped ut f the rm and (head)fr the supermarket.
It was a big change in (生活方式)when we mved t the cuntry.
Sme (路人)described what they saw mments after the car bmb had explded.
They had been frced t (将...连根拔起) their vines and plant wheat.
Dn't mve thse (花盆) back and frth.
【答案】
pwerless
pwerful
Envirnmentally
watering
Luckily
famus
wnderful
headed
lifestyle
passersby
uprt
flwerpts
单项选择
—Must I d the prject n my wn?
—N, yu .Yu can wrk with yur classmates.
A. needn’t B. can’t C. shuldn’t D. mustn’t
—I dn’t care what peple think.
—Well, yu . Yu’re nt alne in this wrld.
A.can B.may C.shuld D.will
—The weather reprt says it’s ging t have a shwer this afternn.
—It des? We’d better nw, just in case.
A.t leave B.leaving C.leave D.left
—Didn’t yu see the zebra crssing? Yu _________slw dwn, sn!
—Srry, sir. Am I ging t fail the test?
A. can’t B. can C. mustn’t D. must
—_________I swim here?
—I’m srry. Children_________swim alne here. It’s very dangerus.
A. Must; can’t B. May; must C. Can; mustn’t D. Can’t; can
—Hw amazing this rbt is!
—Ww, it has vide cameras in its eyes, s it “see” and interact with peple.
A. may B. can C. must D. shuld
Jim says we_________stay in his huse as lng as we leave it clean and tidy .
A. mustB. can C. need D. shuld
It was really annying; I get access t the data bank yu had recmmended.
A. wuldn’t B. culdn’t C. shuldn’t D. needn’t
【答案】
ACCDCBBB
综合能力练习
翻译句子
我相信我们可以做点什么来帮忙。

此外，我正在考虑组织一次消防演习。

科学家指出，一些自然灾害可能是由人类活动引起的。

我还会检查我们的基本医疗用品，看看我们需要什么。

我们可以设计海报，展示如何为其他一些自然灾害做好准备。

【答案】
I'm sure we can d smething t help ut.
Besides,I’m thinking f rganising a fire drill.
Scientists have pinted ut that sme natural disasters might have been caused by human activity.
I'll als check ur basic medical supplies and see what we need.
We culd design psters shwing hw t prepare fr sme ther natural disasters.
完形填空
【答案】1-5 BDBAB 6-10 BCACC
【分析】本文主要叙述作者经历龙卷风的经历。
【小题1】句意:我们有一辆车，每天开车去下一个客栈。ran跑;drve开车:rde骑;hiked远足。根据“We had a car”可知，我们有一辆车，所以是开车。故选B。
【小题2】句意:我们每天下午都停下来在山谷里徒步旅行。I我;It它;They他们;We我们。分析语境并联系前文“We had a carand every day we drve t the next radhuse”可知，此处在描述我们的情况。故选D。
【小题3】句意:天气非常糟糕，但幸运的是我们有足够两天的食物和水，还有一台应急电话。and和，表并列;but但是，表转折;s所以，表结果;because因为，表原因。分析前后句可知，此处表示“天气非常糟糕，但幸运的是我们有足够两天的食物和水”的含义，前后两句构成转折关系。故选B。
【小题4】句意:天气非常糟糕，但幸运的是我们有足够两天的食物和水，还有一台应急电话。radi phne无线电话;knife刀;map地图;rpe绳子。根据后文“Luckily，we had the emergency phne”可知，此处指应急电话。故选A。
【小题5】句意:我们在车里的睡袋里。swimming suits泳装;sleeping bags睡袋;schl unifrms校服;beautiful dresses漂亮的连衣裙。根据后句“Suddenly,we wke up and heard a strange sund.”可知，我们醒来，所以此处指“睡袋”。故选B。
【小题6】句意:天很黑，我们什么也看不见。hear听见;see看见;smell闻到;feel感觉。根据“It was dark”可知，天很黑，所以我们什么都看不见。故选B。
【小题7】句意:风变得真大。sunny晴朗的;rainy下雨的;windy有风的;snwy下雪的。根据后文“The car lifted ffthe grund.It was a trnad(龙卷风)!”可知，车被龙卷风吹离了地面，所以此处指有风的。故选C。
【小题8】句意:早上，由于龙卷风，这条路被淹了。because f因为;up t直到;suchas例如;mrethan超过。分析语境可知，是因为龙卷风，所以路被淹了，调原因。故选A。
【小题9】句意:终于，我们给某个人打通了电话，等了四天，才有人找到我们。after在……之后;nce一旦;until直到;mre than超过。分析句子可知，此处用于句中引导时间状语从句，表示“直到”。故选C。
【小题10】句意:我们变得又饿又渴，但是我们还好--而且见到我们的救援人员感到非常高兴。bred无聊的;wrried担心的;hungry饥饿的;ill生病的。分析语境可知，我们被困了4天才被找到，此处构成“hungry and
thirsty””短语，表示又饿又渴。故选C。
阅读理解
A
Yu may hear abut earthquakes but d yu knw what t d befre during and after an earthquake? Here is sme advice fr yu.
Befre an earthquake
It’s necessary t prepare yurself and yur family. All family members shuld knw hw t turn ff gas,water and electricity(电) and knw useful telephne numbers(dctr,hspital,plice,119,etc.). Never put heavy things ver beds.
During an earthquake
It’s imprtant fr each f yu t stay calm(冷静). If yu are indrs.quickly mve t a safe place in the rm such as under a strng desk r a strng table. The purpse is t prtect yurself frm falling bjects. Stay away frm windws.large mirrrs,heavy furniture and s n. If yu are cking turn ff the gas
If yu are utdrs.mve t an pen area like a playgrund. Mve away frm buildings.bridges and trees. If yu are driving.stp the car as sn as pssible.staving away frm bridges and tall buildings.Stay in yur car.
After an earthquake
Once the shaking has stpped , DO NOT run ut f the building at nce.
It's better t wait and leave when it is safe. Check arund yu and help the peple wh are in truble. If yur building is badly brken yu shuld leave it. If yu smell r hear a gas,get everyne utside and pen windws and drs.If yu can d it safely turn ff the gas. Reprt it t the gas cmpany.
1. Befre an earthquake, yu shuldn't
A. sleep in yur bed at night
B. remember sme useful telephne numbers
C. knw hw t turn ff gas,water and electricity
D. put heavy things ver beds
2. The underlined wrd “purpse” in Paragraph 3 mst prbably means
A. why yu d this B. when yu d this
C. hw t prtect yurself D. where t find a safer place
3. When the earth stps shaking, yu shuld
A. check arund yu first B. run ut f the building at nce
C. break the windws and drs D. write a reprt t yur cmpany
4. Yu can learn after reading the passage.
A. hw an earthquake happens
B. what t d t prevent an earthquake
C. what an earthquake is like
D. hw t prtect yurself in an earthquake
【答案】 DAAD
【导语】本文主要讲在地震前，地震中和地震后需要做的事情。
【小题1】细节理解题。根据“Never put heavy things ver beds.”可知床头不要放重物。故选D。
【小题2】词义猜测题。根据“If yu are indrs,quickly mve t a safe place in the rm such as under a strng desk r a strng table.”及“The purpse is t prtect yurself frm falling bjects.Stay away frm windws, large mirrrs,heavy furniture and s n. If yu are cking,turn ff the gas.”可知在结实的桌子下躲着是为了保护自己免受重物的伤害。故“purpse”表示“目的”。即为什么要这样做。故选A。
【小题3】细节理解题。根据“It’s better t wait and leave when it is safe.Check arund yu and help the peple wh are in truble.”可知此处指地震之后先看下周围是否安全。故选A。
【小题4】主旨大意题。本文主要讲发生地震了如何保护自己。故选D。
B
Maybe yu knw flds, drughts, earthquakes, sandstrms and s n. But have ever heard f typhns?
Typhns are sme f the wrst strms. usually arund the Pacific Ocean and the Suth China Sea. Mst happen in July, August and September.
Hw des a typhn happen? When lts f sea water gets ht in the summer sun. it evaprates(蒸发) int the air. This makes the air htter. When the air gets warm enugh, it starts t mve higher up int the sky. Then, cler air arund it rushes in. It fills the space that is left .After the air gets warmer, it starts t mve quickly, making wind.The wind ges in circles and it keeps mving higher in the sky. The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind mves. And when the wind mves faster than 30 meters a secnd, a typhn begins.
A typhn has tw parts. One is called the “eye”. In the eye,the wind des nt mve s fast.The ther part is the wall f cluds arund the eve. This is where the strngest with and hardest rains are.
Typhns are very dangerus. Once, the typhn killed 6100 peple in Philippines(菲律宾). Mre peple went missing.
What t d when a typhn hits:
Stay inside.Clse all the windws and stay away frm them.
Try t bring all f yur things inside. Strng winds culd even blw away yur bikes!
Listen t the radi r TV fr imprtant infrmatin.
1. Typhns ften happen
A. in the ht seasn B. in the cld seasn
C. nly in China D. under the sea
2. When a typhn cmes, we cannt
A. clse all the windws B. listen t typhn news
C. stay inside the strng huse D. g utside at nce
3. This passage is mst prbably frm
A. an advertisement B. a travel recrd
C. a weather reprt D. a science magazine
【答案】ADD
【导语】本文介绍了台风的形成过程和组成部分及危害以及台风来临时，我们该做什么。
【小题1】细节理解题。根据“Mst happen in July,August and September”可知，台风发生在炎热的季节。故选A。
【小题2】细节理解题。根据“Stayinside”可知，当台风来临时，要待在室内。故选D。
【小题3】推理判断题。本文介绍了有关台风的知识，属于科普类，故选D。prevent
(v.)
防止，预防
fld
(n.)
洪水
earthquake
(n.)
地震
typhn
(n.)
台风
drught
(n.)
干旱
lightning
(n.)
闪电
rainstrm
(n.)
暴风雨
fg
(n.)
雾
last
(v.)
持续
supply
(n.)
必需品
flashlight
(n.)
手电筒
reinfrce
(v.)
加强;加固
balcny
(n.)
阳台
passerby
(n.)
路人
track
(v.)
追踪
damage
(n./v.)
损害；损坏
distribute
(v.)
分发;分配
functin
(n.)
功能；作用
irrigatin
(n.)
灌溉
achieve
(v.)
取得
agriculture
(n.)
农业
case
(n.)
情况；状况
regin
(n.)
地区
dam
(n.)
坝
gegraphical
(adj.)
地理的
feature
(n.)
特点；特征
fertile
(adj.)
富饶的；肥沃的
prductive
(adj.)
多产的
shelter
(n.)
掩蔽；栖身之处
stable
(adj.)
结实的
prpsal
(n.)
建议；提议
rganise
(v.)
组织
melt
(v.)
融化
hurricane
(n.)
飓凤
cure
(n.)
治疗；疗法
natural disaster
自然灾害
make sme preparatins
做一些准备
bttled water
瓶装水
buy in
大量买入
reinfrce the windw
加固窗户
sme basic medical supplies
一些基本的医疗供给品
keep away frm
远离...
check gas pipes and electric wires
检查燃气管道和电线
charge up mbile phnes
给手机充电
lking fr vlunteers
寻找志愿者
cunt in
把...算在内
at the thught f
一想到...
achieve wnderful results
取得优异结果
be famus fr
因...而出名
be knwn as
作为...而出名
in ancient times
在古代
decide t d
决定做某事
instead f
代替，而不是
succeeded in ding
成功做某事
get away frm
离开
turn ff
关闭
in the pen air
在户外
in memry f
纪念
fire drill
消防演习
Let's get started.
让我们开始吧。
pint ut
指出
greenhuse effect
温室效应
result in
导致
suffer frm
遭受
It is highly likely that ...
非常有可能...
nble-minded 高尚的
gd-tempered 脾气好的
gd-lking 好看的
fine-sunding 动听的
hard-wrking 勤劳的
far-reaching 深远的
warm-heated 热心的
peace-lving 热爱和平的
epch-making 划时代的
large-scale 大规模的
lifelng 终生的
widespread 广泛流传的
water-prf 防水的；不透水的
prblem-slving 问题解决的
middle-aged 中年的
lng-term 长期的
state-wned 过硬的
well-knwn 著名的
high-class 高级的
silkwrm 蚕
duble-dealer 两面派
shrthand 速记
waiting-rm 候车室，候诊室
pickpcket 扒手
handwriting 书法，笔迹
breakthrugh 突破
utbreak 爆发
wrkut 锻炼
grwn-up 成年人
passer-by 路人，过路的人(pl. passers-by)
arm 手臂——v.武装；装备
back 背——倒车；支持
eye 眼睛——注视
face 脸——面对
finger 手指——触摸，用手指弹
head 头——朝...去
hand 手——交出，传递
shulder 肩膀——肩负；承担
guard 卫兵——守卫
hst 主人，东道主——主持，举办
flwer 花儿——开花
picture 图画——想象；描述，描写
fl 傻瓜——愚弄
nurse 护士——看护，照料（病人或伤者）
huse 房子——给（某人）提供住处；
seat 座位——向…提供座位；
ship 轮船——船运；运输；运送
bk 书——预定
knife 刀——用刀伤害
bttle 瓶子——把（液体）装入瓶中；
air 空气——（使）通风，透风；晾；晾干
time 时间——为…安排时间；计时
anger 愤怒——使愤怒
number 数字——标号；给…编号
dirty 脏的——弄脏
slw 慢的——放慢，减慢
dry 干的——(使)变干
crrect 正确的——更正，纠正
wrng 错误的——不公正地对待;冤枉
further 深一层的——促进
free 自由的——解放，使自由
情态动词
用法
例句
can
“能、会”，表示能力
I can play the guitar.
“可以”，表示请求
Can yu g with me?
表示可能性（can’t不可能，肯定性非常大）
It can’t be Tm’s bk.
culd
“能、会”，can的过去式，表过去的能力
He culd sing when he was very yung.
“可以”，表示请求，比can更委婉
Culd yu help me with my maths?
may
“可以”，表示请求、许可
用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句表示请求时，否定回答用mustn't或can’t。
-May I g nw?
-N, yu mustn’t/can't.
表示祝愿
May yu succeed!
“有可能、也许”，表示把握不大的推测
It may be Tm’s.
might
“有可能、也许”，表推测，可能性小于may
It might be Lucy’s.
“可以”，表示许可，语气比may更委婉
Might I ask yu a questin?
must
“必须”，表示主观看法
I must study hard.
“一定”，表示非常有把握的推测
They must be tired.
must引导的疑问句，肯定回答用must；否定回答用needn't或dn’t have t。
-Must I g nw?
-Yes, yu must. /N, yu needn’t.
mustn’t
“禁止、不许”
Yu mustn’t play fire here.
“一定不要”
Yu mustn’t miss this gd chance.
need
“需要”。用need提问，肯定回答用must；否定回答用needn't。
-Need I stay here?
-Yes, yu must. /N, yu needn’t.
shuld
“应该”，表达义务、责任
We shuld prtect ur envirnment.
shall
“可以”，用于主语为第一、第三人称的疑问句，表示征求对方意见或表示请求
Shall I pen the windw?
Shall Tm g there with me tmrrw?
用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方的许诺、命令、警告等
Yu shall get an answer frm me tmrrw.
用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令中表示义务或规定中“应、必须”
The Natinal Meeting shall be held every five years.
will/wuld
表示意愿、打算，用于多种人称
She will help us.
用于第二人称，表示询问请求
Will yu please pass me the salt?
wuld用来表示客气地请求别人做某事
Wuld yu like t give me a hand?
had better（nt）
表示建议“最好（不要）”
Yu’d better nt g ut nw.
做一些准备
大量买入
远离...
检查燃气管道
给手机充电
因...而出名
代替，而不是
成功做某事
在户外
纪念
消防演习
指出
温室效应
导致
遭受
make sme preparatins
buy in
keep away frm
check gas pipes
charge up mbile phnes
be famus fr
instead f
succeeded in ding
in the pen air
in memry f
fire drill
pint ut
greenhuse effect
result in
suffer frm
A.t
B.f
C.frm
D.by
A.earthquake
B.lightning
C.drught
D.hurricane
A. flashlight
B.typhn
C.irrigatin
D.balcny
A. stable
B.gegraphical
C.fertile
D.prductive
A.distribute
B.rganise
C.melt
D.experience
A. agriculture
B.prpsal
C.feature
D.functin
A. as
B. fr
C.by
D.with
A. put ff
B. t put ff
C.putting ff
D.t putting f
A. save
B. t save
C.be saved
D.t be saved
A. extreme
B. castal
C.sustainable
D.regular