考点02 冠词（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习考点帮（新高考专用）（教师版）

这是一份考点02 冠词（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习考点帮（新高考专用）（教师版），共22页。试卷主要包含了 三年真题考点分布， 命题规律及备考策略， 短语中的冠词；，不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中，用在方位名词和西洋乐器名词前等内容，欢迎下载使用。

考点02 冠词（核心考点精讲精练）

1. 三年真题考点分布
题型
语法填空
高考考点
冠词
新高考I卷
2023
a
2022
the
2021
a
新高考II卷
2023
the
2022
The
2021
the

2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于名词的考查共计6次，主要考查：
1．定冠词the表示特指；
2．不定冠词a表示泛指；
3. 短语中的冠词；
4．句型中的冠词。

【备考策略】熟练掌握定冠词和不定冠词的基本规则；熟记学习过的含有冠词的短语及句型；注意零冠词的用法。
【命题预测】
语法填空对冠词的考查仍然会成为高考的重点，主要集中考查冠词的基本用法，根据习惯用法或固定句型确定冠词。注意冠词的一些特殊用法。
































考点一、不定冠词的基本用法
1.不定冠词有a和an 两种形式。a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前，an用在以元音音素开头的词前。
In a university，a European and a one-eyed man walked along a one-way road with a useful tool. This is a usual thing.
在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具沿着一条单行道走着。这是一件平常之事。
An hour ago，an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task.
一小时前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，去完成一项光荣的任务。
2.不定冠词a/an用在单数可数名词前表示泛指，泛指某一人或某一物。
The ＂Chinese Dream＂ is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony，peace and development.＂中国梦＂是一个改善民生的梦，是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。
3.表示某种身份、职业、地位、国籍。
When the Ashleys tried to make her return，Mumbet consulted a lawyer，Theodore Sedgewick.
当 Ashleys一家试图让她回来时，Mumbet咨询了一个叫西奥多·塞奇威克的律师。
4.用在人名或时间名词前表示不确定的某个人或某个时间；用在人名前还可表示与某人有类似性质的人。
—Excuse me，is there a Mr Tailor living in the neighborhood？There is a parcel for him.
—Sorry，but there is no such person here.
——劳驾，这个居民点住着一位名叫Tailor的先生吗？这里有他的包裹。
——对不起，这儿没有这么一个人。
5.表示单位时间内的频度，含有＂每＂的概念。
The medicine is to be taken three times a day.这药每天吃三次。

1.（2022·全国甲卷）___64___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
【答案】A
【解析】考查冠词。他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，用a，注意首字母大写。故填A。
2.（2020·浙江 1月）A child born in the US today has _________very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：今天在美国出生的孩子有非常现实的机会活到100岁以上，因此需要做出相应的计划。chance为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且very为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。


1．【2023·石家庄二中高三联考】Originally constructed around 256 BC by the State of Qin as an irrigation and flood control system, Dujiangyan is a remarkable example of ancient engineering skill and is still in use today....Then they cut________channel through Mount Yulei to let the water flow through it. After the system was finished, no more floods occurred.
【答案】 a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：然后他们在玉雷山上开了一条通道，让水流过。分析句子结构可知，channel意为“渠道”，为可数名词，句中用的单数，前应该用不定代词修饰，channel为辅音音素开头，应该用a。故填a。
2.【2023·吉林省东北师范大学附属中学高三二模】Despite extremely cold temperatures and strong winds in recent days in Northeast China, workers are not slowing down as they build _______ ice and snow wonderland in Harbin, Heilongjiang province.
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：尽管中国东北近日遭遇极寒和大风天气，但黑龙江哈尔滨市的工人们并没有放慢建造冰雪仙境的脚步。表示泛指，故用不定冠词，且空后为元音音素开头的单词。故用an。
3.【2023·湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高三4月押题】The Boao Forum for Asia (BFA) Annual Conference 2023 was held from March 28 to 31 in Boao, Hainan province,_________highlight of which was Zero-carbon.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：博鳌亚洲论坛2023年年会于3月28日至31日在海南博鳌举行，其中一个亮点是零碳。根据句意和空格后的单数可数名词highlight分析句子可知，空格处应该填入不定冠词表示“一个”，且highlight发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。

考点二、不定冠词的特殊用法
1.不定冠词用在序数词前不表示排序，而表示＂再一，又一＂。
She didn’t like the color of the two bags and asked for a third one.她不喜欢这两个包的颜色，又要了一个。
①a + most 表示“非常，很”；the + most 表示“最......” ②a + 序数词，表示“又一，再一”；the + 序数词，表示“第......”
This is a most interesting story. 这是一个非常有趣的故事。
This is the most interesting story. 这是最有趣的一个故事。
He had decided to give it up, but on a second thought he decided to try a third time.
他已经决定放弃，但是转念一想，决定再试一次。

2.用在抽象名词之前表示具体介绍:是什么样的人，是什么样的事物，使本来的抽象名词具体化，使之具有了“一”的概念。
The house is full of joy.
The little girl is a joy to her parents. (令人高兴的人或物)
Failure is the mother of success.
He is a success. （一个成功的人或物）
He gave me a lot of pleasure.
It is a pleasure to work with you. （一件令人愉快的事情）
She looked up in surprise.
What a great surprise you gave me. （一件令人惊讶的事情）
Knowledge is power.
He has a wide knowledge of animals. （一门…的知识）
He received little education/ a good education. （一种…的教育）
3.某些物质名词也可以和不定冠词连用，而变成具体化的名词。例如
I like coffee.
Would you like a coffee? (一杯咖啡)
I has just had lunch.
I has just had a big lunch. (一顿丰盛的午餐)
4.用在被修饰语限定的季节，月份，日期，三餐前，如：
On a cold rainy night , the poor man was dragging himself on a street alone.
What a wonderful lunch! I enjoy it very much.
5.用在被修饰语限定的独一无二的东西前，如：
We all hope to have a peaceful and friendly world.
6.具有动作意义的名词在与have，take，make等构成短语表示一种短暂性的动作时，前面要加不定冠词。如：take a look看一看；have a try试一试。
You had better go to the factory and have a look.
你最好到厂里去看一看。
7.不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。如：a waste of浪费……；a touch of “一点儿;少许”；all of a sudden突然地；as a rule通常； once in a while偶尔,不时 in a minute一会儿 in a word简言之 get in a word插话 as a result (of)由于，因为 in a hurry匆忙地 be at a loss不知所措
as a matter of fact 实际上 eat at a mouthful 一口吃下one(two, three....)at a time一次一个（两个，三个......）
It hit me all of a sudden that I had forgotten her birthday.我突然想起，我把她的生日给忘了。


1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空）The meat should be fresh with 　　　　　　 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意:肉应该是新鲜的,有一点儿甜味,汤应该是热的、清澈的和美味的。a touch of “一点儿;少许”为常用搭配,touch“一点儿;少许”常用作单数。故填a。
2.（2021新课标I）While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is 　 　 must to visit!
【答案】a
【解析】句意为：你在中国的时候,一定要去黄山！泛指一件必须的事情,所以用不定冠词,故填a.


单句语法填空
1.【2023·广东省高三开学大联考】Throughout China’s history, eating habits have been influenced by many factors such as geography, religion, society and economy. As _______result, food and eating habits are not only indicative of the social status, but characteristic of one group, differing in regions, families, peoples or religions to some extent.
【答案】a
【解析】考查固定短语和冠词。句意：因此，食物和饮食习惯不仅表明了社会地位，而且是一个群体的特征，在一定程度上因地区、家庭、民族或宗教而不同。as a result是固定短语。故填a。
2.【2023·湖南省益阳市质量检测】These journeys had ____40____ far-reaching impact on China and its neighbors.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这些旅程对中国及其邻国产生了深远影响。根据句意可知，此处考查短语have an/a adj. impact on…表示“对……有（……的）影响”；far-reaching 是非元音音素开头的形容词。故填a。
考点三、定冠词的基本用法
1.用在名词前表示特指。
—Did you enjoy yourself yesterday?
—Yes，as you know，the party went on in a pleasant atmosphere.
——你昨天玩得开心吗？
——是的，正如你所知，晚会是在愉快的气氛中进行的。
2.用在世界上独一无二的人或物、自然现象、发明物之前。
Do you know who invented the telephone?
你知道是谁发明了电话吗？
3.用在序数词、比较级(两者相比较，表示特指的时候)和最高级前。
Do you know which story is the more interesting of the two？你认为这两个故事中哪个更有趣？
4.用于集合名词、物质名词和某些专有名词前。
Marco Polo is said to have sailed on the Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in the thirteenth century.(2013·陕西)
据说在十三世纪马可·波罗去爪哇岛途中曾航行经过太平洋。



（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷 语法填空）Not the pandas, even though 59.　　　　 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.
【答案】the　
【解析】考查冠词。句意:不是熊猫,尽管医学训练说明中使用的语言实际上是英语。空后名词language为可数名词,根据后面used for the medical training instructions可知,此处language表示特指,故本空应用定冠词the。

1.【2023·广东省韶关市南雄中学高三4月月考】With the efforts to carry out various targeted protections toward nature, _______ future looks bright for China’s biodiversity. ”Townshend said.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：随着对自然进行各种有针对性的保护，中国的生物多样性前景一片光明。设空处修饰名词，表特指，应用定冠词，故填the。
2.【2022·全国高考乙卷】To celebrate ___42___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
【答案】 the
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
考点四、定冠词的特殊用法
5.定冠词the和形容词、过去分词连用，表示一类人或事物。
Many of the injured are still in danger.
许多受伤者仍处于危险中。
6.用在表示计量的名词前如by the hour，by the dozen等，但若名词为抽象名词则不加冠词如by weight，by height等。
—It’s said John will be in a job paying over $ 60，000 a year.
—Right，he will also get paid by the week.
——据说约翰将拥有一份年收入超过60 000美元的工作。
——是的，而且会按周获得报酬。
7.定冠词the用在表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示全家人或夫妻俩。
The Whites settled down in Canada last year.
去年怀特一家在加拿大定居。
8.用在方位名词和西洋乐器名词前。
the east 东部　 play the piano 弹钢琴
9.在固定句型中的运用
①主语+be+the size/length/width/height+of+被比较的对象
Our building is twice the height of yours. 我们的大楼是你们的大楼的两倍高。
②主语+be+the+形容词比较级+of/between...
He is the taller of the two. 他是两人之中较高的那个。
③ 主语+be+the+形容词或副词最高级
Spring is the best season of the year. 春天是一年中最好的季节。
④ one of+the+形容词或副词最高级
The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China. 黄河是中国最长的河之一。
He is one of the tallest boys in the class. 他是班里最高的孩子之一。


1.【2022·新高考I卷】The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). Covering an area about three times ___37___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。
2.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】 ___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.
【答案】The
【解析】考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。


1. （2021年浙江卷语法填空） ______ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here.
【答案】The
【解析】考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。
2.The new road built in this month is more than three times ______ width of the old one that was built in 2011.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：本月修建的新公路的宽度是2011年修建的旧公路的三倍多。用于比较句型中，表特指用the。
考点五、零冠词的用法
1.不可数名词、复数名词表泛指，用零冠词。
Teachers are badly needed in the remote districts.
偏远地区非常需要教师。
2.称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、补足语或同位语时，不加冠词。
Dr. Peter Spence，headmaster of the school，told us，＂A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.＂
这所学校的校长Peter Spence博士告诉我们，这里五分之一的学生将继续到牛津或剑桥大学深造。
3.月、季、星期、节假、洲前；三餐、球类、惯用语前；学科、棋类名词前，用零冠词。
A year can be divided into four seasons — spring，summer，autumn and winter.
一年可以分为四季——春、夏、秋、冬。
4.no与such连用时应放在such之前，such后的名词不用冠词。
There is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.
天下没有免费的午餐。
5.在turn(变成)作表语的名词前不用冠词，但become后的可数名词作表语时前要加冠词。
He became a doctor while his brother turned teacher.
他成了一名医生而他弟弟当了教师。


1.Jogging every morning is ________ good habit.Stick to it, and you'll make ________ great progress.
A．a; / B．a; a
C．the; a D．/; /
【答案】A　
【解析】句意：每天早上慢跑是个好习惯。坚持下去，你就会取得很大进步。“________ good habit”泛指“一个好习惯”，第一空应用不定冠词a；progress为不可数名词，make progress为固定词组，表示“取得进步”，第二空不填。故A项正确。

2.I started as ________ office clerk, and turned ________ department manager three years later.
A．the; the B．an; a
C．an; / D．the; /
【答案】C　
【解析】句意：我从一名办公室职员做起，3年后成了部门经理。________ office clerk表示“一名办公室职员”，用不定冠词an; turn表示“变成”时后面作表语的名词前不用冠词。


（单句语法填空）
1．—How do you find the guy who took ________ office last week?
—He's always finding ________ fault with others.
A．/; a B．the; a
C．/; / D．the; /
【答案】C　
【解析】句意：“你觉得上周就职的那个人怎么样？”“他总是找别人的茬。”take office“就职”，find fault with sb.“找某人的茬”，两者均为固定短语，故两个空均不填冠词。
2．Animals are obviously ________ lower form of life than ________ man.
A．a; / B．the; the
C．a; the D．/; /
【答案】A　
【解析】句意：很明显，动物是比人类更低级的生命形态。第一空用a修饰form，意为“一种……”，第二空man是泛指，表示“人类”，前面不需要冠词。故选A项。
考点六、在语法填空中判断冠词考点的运用
方法1 不定冠词a/an分析句子结构，发现空后有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑用不定冠词a/an。用不定冠词a/an的常考点：
(1)泛指一类人或物，表示概念“一”；
(2)在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。

(2022·雅礼中学模拟二)While eating is functional, and our bodies need the fuel that food provides, dining with friends or loved ones can be ____________ enjoyable experience. However, some of us often find ourselves reserving a table for one in a restaurant.
【答案】an　
【解析】考查冠词。experience是可数名词，此处泛指“一种愉快的体验”，且enjoyable的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。




1．(2022·泰安市全真模拟)So enjoying the flourishing chrysanthemum also becomes ____________ essential activity in this festival.
【答案】an　
【解析】考查冠词。activity是可数名词的单数形式，此处泛指“一项重要的活动”，且essential的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。
2．(2022·苏州八校三模)Deng joined the PLA Air Force in June 1984 and started training as ____________pilot at a flight college in Hebei Province.
【答案】a　
【解析】考查冠词。pilot是单数可数名词，此处泛指“一个飞行员”，应用不定冠词修饰，故填a。

方法2 定冠词the
分析句子结构，发现空后有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑用定冠词the。
用定冠词the的常考点：
(1)特指某人或某事；
(2)用在序数词或形容词、副词的最高级前以及有only、 very、 same等修饰的名词前；
(3)用在世界上独一无二的东西及某些专有名词前；
(4)用在西洋乐器名词前；
(5)用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在几世纪几十年代”。

(2022·连云港市模拟二)In ____________ 1920s and 1930s, he collected around 400，000 seeds from five continents.
【答案】the　
【解析】考查冠词。In the 1920s and 1930s“在二十世纪二三十年代”，为固定搭配。


1．(2022·安庆市二模)These 24 solar terms were soon absorbed into The Taichu calendar, the first well documented calendar in ____________ history of China.
【答案】the　
【解析】考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处特指在中国历史上，应用定冠词the。

2．(2022·襄阳五中适应性考试二)____________outside of buildings was decorated with stone lions, screen walls, decorative columns, as well as flowers.
【答案】The　
【解析】考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处特指古建筑的外部，outside前应用定冠词The。

方法3 固定搭配中的冠词
固定搭配或抽象名词具体化的名词前用冠词。
(1)定冠词用在固定搭配中：
at the same time, on the contrary, to tell the truth, in the distance, make the most/best of, on the spot等；
(2)不定冠词用在固定搭配中：
catch a cold, have a fever, all of a sudden, as a matter of fact, as a result, have a gift for, make a living, give sb a lift, have a good knowledge of等；
(3)动词(catch/take/hit等)＋sb＋介词＋the＋身体部位。


1.(2022·烟台市考前热身)That led to ____________ increasing number of Chinese brands joining the trend and creating a wave of China Chic.
【答案】an　
【解析】考查冠词。根据句中的increasing number of可知，此处应用不定冠词an，短语an increasing number of 表示“越来越多……”。
2.(2022·滨州市二模)Olive oil has proven to lower the amount of bad cholesterol (胆固醇), which has ____________ positive impact on the body.
【答案】a　
【解析】考查冠词。短语have an impact on表示“对……有影响”，名词impact前有形容词positive修饰，故填a。


1．(2022·辽宁省辽南协作校三模)Although someone may hang up on you, don't stop on ____________ first try!
【答案】the　
【解析】考查冠词。first为序数词，此处应用定冠词the，on the first try意为“第一次尝试”。
2．(2022·武汉市模拟)After 82 days, cycling ____________ total of 5，600 km, he finally got to Mount Qomolangma, passing through six provinces and regions.
【答案】a　
【解析】考查冠词。固定短语a total of 意为“总共”，故填a。





基础过关

（最新模拟试题演练）
1.【江苏省连云港市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中调研】In ancient times, seals were regarded as ______ guarantee of authenticity(真实性).
【答案】考查冠词。句意：在古代，印章被视为真实性的一种保证。guarantee为可数名词，泛指一种保证，guarantee首字母的发音为辅音音素开头。故填a。
2.【2023·粤湘鄂名校联盟高三第一次联考】Establishing a name for himself as ____42____ one and only live fashion illustrator, Deng traveled from Qingdao to Jingdezhen to explore the clever cosmos of ancient Chinese ceramic vase patterns.
【答案】考查冠词。句意：邓为自己树立了一个独一无二的时尚插画家的名声，他从青岛前往景德镇，探索中国古代陶瓷花瓶图案的巧妙世界。结合句意表示“独一无二的”可知短语为the one and only。故填the。
3.【2023·江苏省高邮市第一中学月考】The agronomist (农学家) spent over five decades researching and improving hybrid rice, which has reached its third generation, helping China work ____62____great wonder— feeding nearly one-fifth of the world’s population with less than 9 percent of the world’s total arable (适合耕种的) land.
【答案】考查冠词。句意：这位农学家花了50多年的时间研究和改良杂交水稻，杂交水稻已经发展到第三代，帮助中国创造了一个巨大的奇迹——用不到世界总耕地的9%养活了世界近五分之一的人口。wonder“奇迹”是可数名词，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且great的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。
4.【2023·河南省安阳市TOP二十名校摸底】 Just as they were about to reach ____46____ other side of the river, the rat jumped off the ox’s back and crossed the finish line first. So, the rat became the top of the zodiac animals, and the ox had been tricked into the second place.
【答案】考查冠词。句意：就在他们快要到达河对岸的时候，老鼠从牛背上跳了下来，第一个越过了终点线。此处特指两边中的另一边，应用the other。故填the。
5.【2023·内蒙古包头市高三调研】It is believed that Picasso was born an artist. His father Ruiz, ____47____ artist and art professor, gave him a formal education in art.
【答案】考查冠词。句意：他的父亲鲁伊斯，艺术家和艺术教授，给了他一个正规的艺术教育。他的父亲是艺术家也是艺术教授，所以此处用不定冠词泛指一个，artist的首个音素为元音，所以用an，故填an。
6.【2023`江苏省苏州市常熟市阶段性抽测二】Qi settled in Beijing in 1919 and soon achieved wide fame in _____65_____ Chinese capital. Qi Baishi opened a new window for the fine art world. He was named the “People’s Painter” and awarded the title of “People’s Artist” by China’s Ministry of Culture.
【答案】考查冠词。句意：齐白石于1919年在北京定居，很快就在这座首都城市出名了。此处特指中国首都北京，应用定冠词。故填the。
7.【2023·安徽省安庆二中高三质量检测】If you’re interested in other people, their culture, and their language, they’ll be friendly to you. China isn’t ________exception.
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：中国并不是一个例外。exception为可数名词，此处表示泛指且是元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
8.【2023·江西省金溪一中等七校高三联考】If you ask Chinese young people today what their dream job is, they may answer with________number of new occupations you have probably never heard of before, such as virtual artist, shopping assistant or sleep hotline operator.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：如果你问现在的中国年轻人他们的梦想工作是什么，他们可能会回答一些你以前可能从未听说过的新职业，比如虚拟艺术家、购物助理或睡眠热线接线员。分析句意再根据number可知，此处用a构成固定短语a number of意为“许多”。故填a。
9. (2023·河南省南阳市统考)Everybody wears ___________ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways.
【答案】 the
【解析】考查冠词。same总与定冠词the连用，再如Thank you all the same. the same…as…, the same…that。
10. (2023·湖南省长沙市统考)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___________ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。over the past 25 years表示“在过去25年”，the表示特指。
11.( 2023·湖北省十堰市统考) It’s not ___________matter of charity. Taking action is firmly in rich countries’ own interests.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这不是慈善的问题。采取行动坚定地符合富国自身的利益。a matter of...意为“关乎……的问题”。故填a。
12.( 2023·山西省太原市统考) To show respect for ___________ friendship between China and Russia, Chinese-style designs have been adopted for the platform at the new station, including cloud-shaped lamps, red pillars and a suspended ceiling.
【答案】the
【解析】
考查定冠词。句意：为了表达对中俄两国友谊的尊重，新车站的站台采用了中国风格的设计，包括云状的灯、红色的柱子和悬挂的天花板。空格处用定冠词the特指“中俄友谊”，故填the。
13.(2023·广东省清远市统考) The Himba tribe is often referred to as ___________last nomadic(游牧的)people of Namibia. They count their wealth in the number of owned cattle.
【答案】 the
【解析】
考查冠词。句意：辛巴部落通常被认为是纳米比亚最后的游牧民族。根据下文中的last可知，此处应该用定冠词，the last表示“最后的”修饰名词people。故填the。
14.( 2023·河北省名校联盟统考) So reverse tourism will become one of the future directions for the market and is ___________opportunity for growth comparable to the camping economy.
【答案】 an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：因此逆向旅游将成为未来市场的发展方向之一，其发展机会可以与露营经济相媲美。根据句意以及opportunity为单数名词可知，此处表示泛指“一种机遇”，为泛指概念，满足句意要求，结合opportunity发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
15.( 2023·河南省湘豫联考) “My father, who is ___________ backbone of my family, is not very good at expressing his feelings. However, I know he was very happy when he saw my sculpture,” Huang said.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：我的父亲是我们家的顶梁柱，他不太善于表达自己的感情。此处特指父亲是家里的顶梁柱，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
16.(2023· 山东省济南市统考) The landing is ___________ example of China’s growing desire to compete with the American，Russian and European space programs. China also wants to strengthen its position as a regional and international power.
【答案】an
【解析】考查不定冠词。句意：这次着陆是中国越来越大的企图要与美国、俄罗斯以及法国空间项目竞争的一个例子。Example为可数名词，第一次提及，故用不定冠词an。
17.( 2023·福建省三明市统考) Walking along the narrow alleys(巷), you can admire ___________ interesting number of well-preserved traditional houses, temples and gardens.
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：沿着狭窄的小巷，你可以欣赏到许多保存完好的传统房屋、寺庙和花园。a number of为固定搭配，意为“许多”，interesting是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。
18.( 2023·云南省昆明市统考) As ___________alternative to acupuncture, patients will be able to choose either a course of spinal manipulation(脊椎推拿),or a series of special exercise sessions.
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：作为针灸的一种选择，患者可以选择脊椎推拿课程，或一系列特殊的锻炼课程。根据句意可知，此处泛指“一种选择”，结合alternative以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。故填an。
19.( 2023·北京市海淀区统考) “I come from ___________ remote mountainous village. Quite a number of folks are struggling with poverty there, so all I wish is to do my part to improve their lives,” she once said.
【答案】 a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：我来自一个偏远的山村。village“村庄”为可数名词，此处使用了单数，空后形容词remote的首个音素为辅音，所以此处用不定冠词a，表示泛指。故填a。
20.( 2023·山东省菏泽市统考) The county, located in eastern Tibet, is ___________center for ancient Tibetan art forms such as thangka paintings.
【答案】 a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：该县位于西藏东部，是古代西藏艺术形式如唐卡绘画的中心。可数名词单数center前面应该加上冠词，且此处表示“一个中心”，其为辅音音素开头，故填a。


能力提升

【2023·江苏省镇江市统考】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
词数：235话题：中国的北京城
Beijing is a city that straddles(跨越)the divide between the ancient and the modern. It is home ____1____ more than 3,000 years of fascinating history, and a place ____2____ fully embraces the fast-paced development of modern life, with high-rise 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with cultural relics of the past.
This integration of styles ____3____ (be) strikingly typical at Zhihua Temple, built in 1444 during the rule of emperor Zhengtong. Though much smaller now than at its peak of 20,000 square meters, the temple is a somewhat ____4____ (hide) treasure.
____5____ (remarkable), the temple museum offers a collection of remains and statues. You might even forget you’re in the 2lst century, if not for the smooth curve of the modern Galaxy Soho building looming over the mythical beasts(神兽)seated on the ridges(屋脊)of the temple roofs.
Yet ____6____ they belong to completely different ____7____ (era),   appearances and purposes, they are both equally representative of this city. Seeing the two together is a perfect example of the idea of how respecting our history, while still ____8____ (look)to the future, can create a truly unique cityscape.
The development of this city, which is carefully designed ____9____ (protect)the past while embracing the modem world,_____10_____ (mean)there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years and still not have scratched the surface, which is part of its beauty.
【答案】
1．to    2．that##which    3．is    4．hidden    5．Remarkably    6．though##although##while    7．eras    8．looking    9．to protect    10．means
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了北京是一座跨越了古代和现代的城市。它是3000多年迷人历史的家园，是一个完全拥抱现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的高层建筑奇迹与过去的文物并存。
1．考查介词。句意：它是3000多年迷人历史的家园，是一个完全拥抱现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的高层建筑奇迹与过去的文物并存。It is home to…“为……的所在地”为固定短语。故填to。
2．考查定语从句。句意：它是3000多年迷人历史的家园，是一个完全拥抱现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的高层建筑奇迹与过去的文物并存。分析句子可知，此处为连词that/which引导的限制性定语从句，先行词a place在从句中作主语成分。故填that/which。
3．考查谓语。句意：这种风格的融合，在1444年正统年间建造的智化寺尤为典型。根据句意可知，该句为客观事实。故此处动词为一般现在时，结合主语This integration of styles为单数名词，为三单形式。故填is。
4．考查形容词。句意：虽然现在比高峰时的2万平方米要小得多，但这座寺庙在某种程度上是一个隐藏的宝藏。根据空后的treasure为名词可知，此处为形容词修饰该名词。故填hidden。
5．考查副词。句意：值得注意的是，寺庙博物馆提供了遗骸和雕像的收藏。由单个副词作状语修饰整个句子可知，此处为副词。故填Remarkably。
6．考查连词。句意：尽管它们属于完全不同的时代、形态和用途，但它们都同样代表着这座城市。根据句意可知，此处为连词though/although/while“尽管”引导让步状语从句，满足句意要求。故填though/although/while。
7．考查名词。句意：尽管它们属于完全不同的时代、形态和用途，但它们都同样代表着这座城市。由空前的different可知，此处为名词的复数形式。故填eras。
8．考查动名词。句意：将两者结合在一起是一个很好的例子，展示了如何尊重我们的历史，同时展望未来，可以创造一个真正独特的城市景观。分析句子可知，由while“同时”连接的respecting our history可知，此处为也为动名词形式。故填looking。
9．考查动词不定式。句意：这座城市经过精心设计，既保护了过去，又拥抱了现代世界，它的发展意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里拍摄北京，但仍然没有触及它的表面，这是它的美丽的一部分。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式to do“去做……”作目的状语，满足句意要求。故填to protect。
10．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这座城市经过精心设计，既保护了过去，又拥抱了现代世界，它的发展意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里拍摄北京，但仍然没有触及它的表面，这是它的美丽的一部分。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语The development of this city为单数名词，结合句意为一般现在时。故填means。


真题感知

1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空）The meat should be fresh with 　　　　　　 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意:肉应该是新鲜的,有一点儿甜味,汤应该是热的、清澈的和美味的。a touch of “一点儿;少许”为常用搭配,touch“一点儿;少许”常用作单数。故填a。
2.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷 语法填空）Not the pandas, even though 59.　　　　 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.
【答案】the　
【解析】考查冠词。句意:不是熊猫,尽管医学训练说明中使用的语言实际上是英语。空后名词language为可数名词,根据后面used for the medical training instructions可知,此处language表示特指,故本空应用定冠词the。
3.（2023·1月新高考浙江卷 语法填空） In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect __________ culture of grassroots Beijingers.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
4.【2022·新高考I卷】The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). Covering an area about three times ___37___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
【答案】 the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。
5.【2022·全国甲卷】___64___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
【答案】 A
【解析】考查冠词。他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，用a，注意首字母大写。故填A。
6.【2022·全国高考乙卷】To celebrate ___42___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
【答案】 the
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
7.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】 ___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.
【答案】The
【解析】考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。
8.（2022年浙江 1月）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内，故填the。
9.（2021新课标I）While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is 　 　 must to visit!
【答案】a
【解析】句意为：你在中国的时候,一定要去黄山！泛指一件必须的事情,所以用不定冠词,故填a.
7.（2021新课标Ⅱ）A company representative wrote back and told me the airline was switching over 45． plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。 特指“1200个航班的塑料杯”，用定冠词，所以填the。
10.（2021全国甲）It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。
11.（2021全国乙）Due to ___________ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。
12.（2021浙江）____________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
【答案】The
【解析】考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。
13.（2020新课标II）The plum trees are ___________ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化).
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。
14.（2020浙江）Then，with ___________ rise of science，changes began.
【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着......的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。
15.（2020年浙江 1月）A child born in the US today has _________very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：今天在美国出生的孩子有非常现实的机会活到100岁以上，因此需要做出相应的计划。chance为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且very为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
16.（2019新课标I）Of ________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。
17.（2019新课标II）When we got a call saying she was short-listed，we thought it was _______joke.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词用法。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑” 可知，此处joke为泛指，故填a。
18.（2019浙江卷）Everybody wears ___________ same style of clothes.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。
19.【2018新课标II】Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。特指用定冠词the，此处特指过去的25年。
20.（2018新课标III）Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at top of her lungs.
【答案】the
【解析】考查固定搭配。at the top of在…的顶端。
21.【2017·全国卷Ⅰ】As 65.________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
【答案】a　
【解析】考查冠词。固定短语as a result表示“结果是”。结果是，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。故填a。
22.【2017·全国卷Ⅱ】This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over ________ top.
【答案】the　
【解析】考查冠词。此处特指铁轨上方的顶部工程。
23.【2017·全国卷Ⅲ】She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh­faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A­level course. But unlike her school friends, 16­year­old Sarah is not spending half­term resting. Instead, she is earning ￡6，500 a day as 62.________ model in New York.
【答案】a　
【解析】考查冠词。根据句意和语境可知，萨拉只是纽约众多模特中的一个，是泛指；而且model的第一个音素是辅音音素，故用不定冠词a。