专题03(解析版) 必修第一册Unit3 Sports and Fitness -2024年高考英语一轮复习考点通关卷（新人教版新高考）

这是一份专题03(解析版) 必修第一册Unit3 Sports and Fitness -2024年高考英语一轮复习考点通关卷（新人教版新高考），共20页。试卷主要包含了根据汉语提示拼写单词，单句语法填空，短语填空，语篇语法填空，完成句子等内容，欢迎下载使用。
单元考点巩固卷 Unit3 Sports and Fitness

（总分50分；时间30分钟）

一、根据汉语提示拼写单词 （每题1分， 共10分）
1. Write down two of your favorite __________（运动员） and how they influence you.
2.1 feel it a great __________ （荣幸，光荣之事） to host the party.
3. Patience and __________ （决心） are what it takes to do the job well.
4. His father got __________ （受伤） in a car accident and has been in hospital for weeks.
5. He lifted the big stone with all his __________ （力气）.
6. We should learn from __________ （失败） and never give up.
7. The dancer was tall and __________ （优雅的） and was loved by the audience.
8. They have held the __________ （冠军，冠军地位） for the past three years.
9. He has __________ （掌握） a good knowledge of computer by teaching himself.
10. His dream is to win a gold __________ （奖牌） for his own country.
1. athletes 2. glory/honour 3. determination 4. injured 5. strength
6. failure 7. graceful 8. championship 9. mastered 10. medal

二、单句语法填空 （每题1分， 共10分）
1. I’m trying to improve my _________ (fit) by cycling to work.
2. The flight leaves in twenty minutes—we’ll never make _________.
3. You should be setting a good example _________ your younger brother.
4. Those who are of great _________ (determinate) are likely to make great achievement.
5. Two players are out of the team because of _________ (injure).
6. She’s well aware of her _________ (strong) and weaknesses as an artist.
7. She closed her eyes and pretended _________ (be) asleep.
8. Children seem to learn more interesting things compared _________ when we were at school.
9. Lucy is in a confused state of mind for her ________ (fail) to pass the examination.
10. Speaking loudly is an ________ (appropriate) behaviour in public places.

1. fitness 2.it 3.to 4.determination 5.injury
6.strengths 7.to be 8.to/with 9.failure 10. inappropriate

三、短语填空 （每题1分， 共10分）
set an example, work out；fall apart；in honour of；give up；get used to；lose heart；at home and abroad；make it；come along



1. He is afraid that their marriage will ______.
2. Whenever you are in trouble, you mustn't ______.
3. Yao Ming is famous and loved by basketball fans ______.
4. I believe I can ______ to the top of the mountain.
5. Would you like to ______ with us to the film tonight？
6. When living abroad, you have to ______ a whole new way of life.
7. It won't be long before we ______ a way to get over these difficulties.
8. A park will be built ______ those who died in the big natural disaster in the city.
9. She wanted to be a doctor, but a serious eve problem forced her to ______.
10. They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also___________for others.
1.fall apart 2.lose heart 3.at home and abroad 4.make it 5.come along
6.get used to 7.work out 8.in honour of 9.give up 10.set an example

四、语篇语法填空（每题1分， 共10分）
Nowadays, before we upload a photo of ourselves to social media, chances are that we'll use__1．app to smooth our skin, make our eyes bigger, eyelashes longer and lips fuller.
With a couple of taps on our mobile phones, we're able to get a quick fix and present our own best version to the world___.2． ,the problem is, when we ___3．(simple) edit our imperfections away, we're also changing the way we look at _ 4．(we).
Last month,___5．(research) from the Boston University____6． (publish) an article which analyzed photo __7．(edit) apps' bad impacts on people's self-esteem and their potential to cause appearance anxieties. They warned that such apps are blurring( 难 区 分 ) the lines between reality and fantasy. These apps allow one___8．(change) his or her appearance in minutes and follow a(n)___9．(realistic) standard of beauty.
Now we've got this daily comparison of the real self with this intentional or unintentional self that we present on social media. This is____10．many young people suffer an identity crisis when it comes to how they look.
1．an 2．However 3．simply 4．ourselves 5．researchers
6．published 7．editing 8．to change 9．unrealistic 10．why
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍目前人们将自己的照片上传到社交媒体之前，我们很有可能会使用一款应用程序来润滑我们的皮肤，让我们的眼睛更大，睫毛更长，嘴唇更丰满，波士顿大学(Boston University)的研究人员发表了一篇文章，分析了照片编辑应用程序对人们自尊的负面影响，以及它们可能导致的外表焦虑。这就是为什么许多年轻人在外貌问题上遭遇身份危机的原因。
1．
考查不定冠词。句意：如今，在我们将自己的照片上传到社交媒体之前，我们很有可能会使用一款应用程序来润滑我们的皮肤，让我们的眼睛更大，睫毛更长，嘴唇更丰满。此处表示“一款”应用程序，app为可数名词表泛指故用不定冠词，且app是以元音因素开头的单词。故填an。
2．
考查副词。设空处前一句句意为：在我们的手机上轻敲几下，我们就能快速解决问题，向世界展示我们最好的版本。设空处前一句句意为：问题是，当我们简单地编辑我们的不完美时，我们也改变了我们看待自己问题的方式，可知前后句意为转折关系。故填However。
3．
考查副词。句意：然而，问题是，当我们只是简单地编辑我们的不完美时，我们也在改变我们看待自己的方式。此处edit是动词，由副词修饰，所给词simple是形容词，其副词形式是simply。故填simply。
4．
考查反身代词。句意：然而，问题是，当我们只是简单地编辑我们的不完美时，我们也在改变我们看待自己的方式。此处指“看待自己的方式”，所以句子用反身代词。主语为we，故填ourselves。
5．
考查名词复数。句意：上个月，波士顿大学(Boston University)的研究人员发表了一篇文章，分析了照片编辑应用程序对人们自尊的负面影响，以及它们可能导致的外表焦虑。该空格处作句子主语，此处指波士顿大学的“研究人员们”，所以这里用名词复数，故填researchers。
6．
考查一般过去时态。句意：上个月，波士顿大学(Boston University)的研究人员发表了一篇文章，分析了照片编辑应用程序对人们自尊的负面影响，以及它们可能导致的外表焦虑。根据Last month可知句子用一般过去时态，故填published。
7．
考查形容词。句意：上个月，波士顿大学(Boston University)的研究人员发表了一篇文章，分析了照片编辑应用程序对人们自尊的负面影响，以及它们可能导致的外表焦虑。photo editing apps “照片编辑应用程序”editing意为“用于编辑的”。故填editing。
8．
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些应用程序可以在几分钟内改变他或她的外貌。根据文章结构可知句子的谓语是allow, change为非谓语；allow sb to do sth是固定短语“允许某人做某事”的意思。故填to change。
9．
考查形容词。句意：这些应用程序允许一个人在几分钟内改变他或她的外表，并遵循一个不现实的美丽标准。此处standard是名词，由形容词修饰，结合句意，该空填unrealistic。
10．
考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么许多年轻人在外貌问题上遭遇身份危机的原因。此处表示结果，是why引导的表语从句。故填why。

五、完成句子（每题2分， 共10分）

1. 你认为我应该怎么处理这个问题？
______________________________ the problem?
2. 他们最后到达了现在被称为美洲的地方。
They finally reached ______________________________ now.
3. 他看上去对此事一无所知。
He ______________________________________ about this.
4. 他从田间回来后就一直在流汗。
He ____________________ since he returned from the field.
5. 即使感觉世界末日到了，也不要灰心。
You can’t __________________ even if you feel the world will ____________________.
1. What do you think I should settle
2. what is called America
3. seems to know nothing
4. has been sweating
5. lose heart, fall apart

单元素养检测卷 Unit3 Sports and Fitness

（总分100分；时间90分钟）
一、阅读理解
（2023年全国乙卷）
A
PRACTITIONERS
Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine.
James Barry (c.1789 — 1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man.
Tan Yunxian (1461 — 1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician.
Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves.

1. What did Jacqueline and James have in common?
A. Doing teaching jobs. B. Being hired as physicians.
C. Performing surgery. D. Being banned from medicine.
2. How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners?
A. She wrote a book. B. She went through trials.
C. She worked as a dentist. D. She had formal education.
3. Who was the first African American with a medical degree?
A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania. B. Tan Yunxian.
C. James Barry. D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位从医人员的生平与事迹。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. (她出生于佛罗伦萨的一个犹太家庭，搬到巴黎当医生并做外科手术)”以及第二部分中的“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813 (她获得了做外科医生的资格)”和“Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man. (Barry于1859年退休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，从事了整个医学职业)”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同点是都有资格进行外科手术。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章第三部分中的“Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. (Tan写了一本书《女医生的故事》，描述了她作为一名医生的生活)”可推知，Tan与其他从业人员的不同之处在于她写了一本书。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. (四年后，她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性)”可知，Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国人。故选D。
B
（2023年新高考II卷）
As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.
The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.”
Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
“We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.
12. What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text?
A. Pocket parks are now popular. B. Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C. Many cities are overpopulated. D. People enjoy living close to nature.
13. Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories?
A. To compare different types of park-goers. B. To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C. To analyze the main features of the park. D. To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries.
14. What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5?
A. Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.
B. Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
C. The same nature experience takes different forms.
D. The nature language enhances work performance.
15. What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn?
A. Language study. B. Environmental conservation.
C. Public education. D. Intercultural communication.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。城市化让人们越来越难以接触到自然，但一项新研究发现城市中的野生自然对人类健康和幸福感具有重要影响。研究团队对一座大型城市公园的游客进行调查，发现与野生自然的互动可以创造出一种可用的语言，帮助人们认识和参与最令人满意和有意义的活动。该研究呼吁保护城市中的野生自然。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段内容“As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.(随着城市的飞速发展，生活在城市地区的人们越来越难以接近大自然。如果你幸运的话，你住的地方附近可能会有一个袖珍公园，但在城市里找到相对天然的地方是罕见的)”可知，文章开头作者讲述了一种现象，在城市里，人们很难找到野生的自然。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. (他们调查了数百名公园游客，要求他们在网上提交一份书面总结，描述他们在公园里与大自然有意义的互动。然后，研究人员检查了这些提交的信息，将体验分为不同的类别)”可知，研究人员按照公园游客提交的在公园里与大自然互动的活动把游客分类，再根据第四段“Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. (在这320份提交的作品中，一种被研究人员称为“自然语言”的分类模式开始出现。在对所有提交的内容进行编码后，有六个类别被认为对游客最重要)”可推断，给游客分类是为了区分不同的游客类别。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段内容“Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. (命名每一种自然体验创造了一种可用的语言，这有助于人们认识并参与到对他们来说最满意和最有意义的活动中。例如，沿着水边散步的经历可能会让一个年轻的专业人士在周末去公园徒步旅行时感到满意。在工作日回到市中心，他们可以在午休时沿着喷泉散步，享受一种更居家的互动方式)”可知，本段讲述了自然体验创造一种可用的语言，有助于人们识别并参与对自己来说最满意最有意义的活动，接下来以一个年轻的专业人士参与自然的方式举例说明，去公园时沿着水边散步让他感到满意，回到市中心工作时他可以通过沿着喷泉散步获得满足。因此推知，从第五段的例子中我们可以知道一样的自然体验可以呈现不同的形式。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. (“我们正试图创造一种语言，帮助将人类与自然的互动带回我们的日常生活中。要做到这一点，我们还需要保护自然，这样我们才能与它互动，”该研究的资深作者彼得·卡恩说。)”可推断，彼得·卡恩认为在我们与大自然互动之前我们应该先要保护自然。故选B。

二、七选五
（2023年新高考I卷）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
【16题详解】
根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。

三、完形填空
（2023年新高考I卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a ____23____ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme ____30____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more ____31____ about why her act is considered a big ____32____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t ____33____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the ____34____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the ____35____ of human kindness won the day.
21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
24. A. race B. school C. town D. training
25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____1____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。

四、语法填空
【2023年湖北省十一校高三第二次联考英语试题】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a costume drama A Dream of Splendor ___36___(draw) many audiences this summer, the way the heroine Zhao Pan’er makes tea in the drama also attracted much attention. Heytea, a Chinese boutique teahouse chain, recently launched new flavored tea drinks ___37___(base) on the recipe from the TV show.
It is well known that China is not only the home of most of the world’s tea, ___38___has a series of customs concerning tea making and tea choice according to the seasons. In summer, green tea is highly recommended, for ___39___(it) character is “cold” in traditional Chinese medical theories, suitable ___40___(calm) the restlessness caused by hot summer.
Since the Southern Song Dynasty, loose leaf green tea ___41___(drink) in China. It is said that Emperor Qianlong from the Qing Dynasty was a tea lover and often enjoyed Longjing, the most well-known Chinese green tea produced in Zhejiang province, during his ___42___(day) life in summer. ___43___Longjing, Chinese green tea has many family members with beautiful and poetic names, such as Yunwu, ___44___literally means cloud and mist. When you feel hot and restless, have Chinese green tea and enjoy ___45___mouthful of “cool summer”.
【答案】36. drew 37. based 38. but 39. its 40. to calm
41. has been drunk 42. daily 43. Besides 44. which 45. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是中国的绿茶文化和相关历史。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：今年夏天，古装剧《梦华录》吸引了众多观众，剧中女主角赵蟠儿泡茶的方式也备受关注。由“this summer”可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式drew，故填drew。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：喜茶，一家中国精品茶馆连锁店，最近根据电视剧中的配方推出了新的调味茶饮料。句中谓语是launched，空格处用非谓语动词，“new flavored tea drinks”和base之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填based。
【38题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：众所周知，中国不仅是世界上大部分茶叶的产地，而且有一系列关于制茶和根据季节选择茶叶的习俗。not only...but also...是固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，其中also可省略，因此空格处用but，故填but。
【39题详解】
考查物主代词。句意：在夏季，人们强烈推荐饮用绿茶，因为绿茶在中医理论中具有“寒”的特征，适合缓解炎热夏季带来的躁动不安。it和character之间是所属关系，空格处意为“它的”，用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词character，故填its。
【40题详解】
考查不定式。句意：在夏季，人们强烈推荐饮用绿茶，因为绿茶在中医理论中具有“寒”的特征，适合缓解炎热夏季带来的躁动不安。根据语境可知，句子表示“绿茶在中医理论中具有“寒”的特征，适合缓解炎热夏季带来的躁动不安”，be suitable to do sth.，故填to calm。
【41题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：自南宋以来，散叶绿茶已经在中国被饮用。由Since可知，主句时态用现在完成时，茶是被饮用，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，即have/has been done，主语tea是不可数名词，因此空格处是has been drunk。故填has been drunk。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：据说，清朝的乾隆皇帝是一个茶爱好者，他经常在夏天的日常生活中享受龙井，这是中国最著名的绿茶，产自浙江省。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词life，day的形容词是daily，意为“日常的”，故填daily。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：除了龙井，中国绿茶还有许多家族成员，都有美丽而诗意的名字，比如云雾，字面意思是云和雾。由“Chinese green tea has many family members with beautiful and poetic names, such as Yunwu”可知，句子表示“除了龙井，中国绿茶还有许多家族成员，都有美丽而诗意的名字，比如云雾”，空格处意为“除了……还有……”，因此空格处用besides，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Besides。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：除了龙井，中国绿茶还有许多家族成员，都有美丽而诗意的名字，比如云雾，字面意思是云和雾。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Yunwu是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当你感到燥热不安时，来一杯中国绿茶，享受一口“清凉的夏天”。a mouthful of是固定短语，意为“一口”，因此空格处是a，故填a。

五、应用文写作
【山东省齐鲁名校2022-2023学年高三下学期3月大联考英语试题】
假定你是学生会主席，受委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，告知大家学校将组织一个情商训练营(emotional intelligence training camp)。内容包括：
1.训练营的时间；
2.训练内容(自信心培养、人际沟通、克服紧张等)；
3.注意事项。
注意：
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
NOTICE
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Student Union
March 8,2023
【答案】One possible version:
NOTICE
This is to inform everyone that our school is going to organize an emotional intelligence training camp of 7 days and 6 nights from March 21 to March 27,2023. The details of the training during the camp are as follows: confidence building, interpersonal communication, nervousness overcoming and so on.
Those who are interested are required to sign up by March 15,2023 in Room 203. More information about the camp will be notified later on according to the number of attendants.
The Student Union
March 8,2023
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，告知大家学校将组织一个情商训练营。
【详解】1.词汇积累
告知：inform→tell
要求：require→ask
消息：information→news
以后：later on→next
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：More information about the camp will be notified later on according to the number of attendants.
拓展句：More information about the camp will be notified later on according to the number of attendants, which you should note and receive.
【点睛】【高分句型1】This is to inform everyone that our school is going to organize an emotional intelligence training camp of 7 days and 6 nights from March 21 to March 27,2023. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Those who are interested are required to sign up by March 15,2023 in Room 203. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)