2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习Unit3Backtothepast学生用书牛津译林版选择性必修第三册

Unit 3　Back to the past
►核心词汇——写其形
1．____________ n. 惊恐，恐慌
vi. &vt. (panicked, panicked)(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措
2．____________ adj. 可获得的，可找到的；有空的
3．____________ adv. 同时；其间；对比之下
4．____________ vt. 承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢
5．____________ vi. &vt. (sank, sunk)下沉，沉没；坐下；降低
6．____________ n. 产量，输出量
7．____________ vt. 拖，拉；缓慢而费力地移动
8．____________ vt. &vi. 装上，装入n. 负载；承载量；大量
9．____________ n. 改变，转移；轮班
10．____________ adj. 相反的，相对立的；截然不同的

►阅读词汇——知其意
1．voyage n. ________________
vi. ________________
2．fleet n. ________________
3．navigate vt. ________________
vi. ________________
4．compass n. ________________
5．log n. ________________
vi. &vt. ________________
6．route n. ________________
7．uniform n. ________________
adj. ________________
8．chaos n. ________________
9．navy n. ________________
10．infamy n. ________________

►拓展词汇——通其变
1．board n．板，板子→________ prep. &adv.在(车、船、飞机等)上，上(车、船、飞机等)
2．astonish vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊→________ n．[U]惊讶，震惊→________ adj.令人吃惊的，令人惊讶的
3．finance n．金融，财政→________ adj.财政的，金融的，财务的
4．compare vt.比较→________ n．对比；比较
5．strong adj.强壮的，强健的→________ n．体力，力气；意志力；实力，优点，长处→________ adv.坚定地；强烈地
6．short adj.矮的；短的；短缺的，不足的→________ v．弄短；把……截短→________ n．不足，短缺
7．depart vi. &vt.离开，起程→________ n．离开，起程
8．blood n．血，血液→________ vi.(bled, bled)失血，流血→________ adj.流血的；血腥的
9．adopt vt.采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养 vi.领养，收养→________ n．采用，收养
10．insist vi. &vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说→________ n．坚决要求；坚持；固执→________ adj.坚决要求的，坚持的，固执的

►高频短语——记得牢
1．________________ 代表(或代替)；为帮助；为了
2．________________ 使成为可能；考虑到，把……计算在内
3．________________ 与……相反
4．________________ 满载着……
5．________________ 使……接触……；使……暴露于……
6．________________ 坚持做某事
7．________________ 在……的过程中
8．________________ 受……的影响
9．________________ 接替某人担任
10．________________ (在某事上)与某人意见不合
11．regardless of ________________
12．sort out ________________
13．play an important role in... ________________
14．pay friendly visits to... ________________
15．dismiss sth. as... ________________
16．put sb. in danger ________________
17．bear witness to... ________________
18．take an interest in... ________________
19．consist of ________________

►典型句式——懂其用
1．as is/was the case(with/in...)这是经常的事/通常情况下/……也一样
Those who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges along the way—__________________________.
凡取得伟大发现的人，往往必须战胜重重磨难，探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布便是如此。
2．主语(表无生命的事物)＋see/find/witness＋宾语　……经历/发生/见证/目睹了……
His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period ________________________________________.
他的航海活动开启了大航海时代的新篇章，那是一个见证许多重大地理发现的时期。
3．where引导地点状语从句
Today, the USS Arizona lies ________________________： in the middle of the Pacific Ocean.
如今，美国“亚利桑那号”战列舰还位于当年沉船的位置：在太平洋的中央。


【核心考点】
►第一版块|重点单词
1．breadth n．宽度；广泛　broad adj.宽阔的，广阔的；广泛的　broadly adv.大体上　broaden v．变宽；扩大；增长　　　
(1)hair's breadth 一发之差，极细微的距离
breadth of vision 远见卓识
a tremendous breadth of experience 极其广泛的经验
(2)a broad street 宽广的街道
broad shoulders 宽肩
a broad smile/grin 咧嘴笑
a broad range of products 各种各样的产品
(3)broadly speaking 大体上说
(4)broaden one's horizons 拓宽某人的视野
◎单句语法填空
①Where will we find someone with her ________ (broad) of experience?
②O'Connell Bridge in Dublin is famous for being ________ (broad) than it is long.
③________ (broad) speaking, don't you think women make better drivers than men?
④They are ________ (broad) the bridge to speed up the flow of traffic.

2．convince vt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说　convinced adj.确信的，坚信的　convincing adj.有说服力的；使人信服的
(1)convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
convince sb.＋(that)宾语从句 使某人相信……
convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
convince oneself of 使自己相信……
(2)(be) fully convinced＋(that)宾语从句 深信……
be/feel firmly convinced that... 确信……；笃信……；坚信……
(3)convincing evidence 有力的证据
a convincing speech 有说服力的演讲
In order to convince us of his honesty, he gave us several convincing cases which could make us convinced of it.
为了使我们相信他的诚实，他给了我们几个有说服力的事例，这些事例可以使我们相信他的诚实。
◎单句语法填空
①Although I soon convince him ________ my innocence, I think he still has serious doubts about my sanity.
②It's useless trying to convince her ________ she doesn't need to lose any weight.
③Oscar convinced the manager ________ (look) in the record of advance ticket sales.
④Although the players in our team are young, I'm ________ (full) convinced they will win today.
⑤Scientists say there is no ________ (convince) evidence that power lines have anything to do with cancer.

3．harmonious adj.友好和睦的；协调的，和谐的　harmoniously adv.融洽地　harmony n．融洽，和睦
(1)harmonious relations 关系融洽
harmonious world 和谐世界
harmonious society 和谐社会
(2)in harmony with 与……协调
out of harmony with 与……不协调
live together in perfect harmony 十分和睦地一起生活
social/racial harmony 社会/种族融洽
◎单句语法填空
①There are several ways to create and maintain a ________ (harmony) dormitory life.
②Giving a helping hand to those who are desperate for help can make our society ________ (harmonious)．
③The only way for us to survive is to live in harmony ________ nature.

4．dismiss vt.不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散　 　
(1)dismiss sth. from one's mind 拒绝考虑某事
dismiss sth./sb. as... 把某事/某人当作……不予理会
dismiss sb. from sth. 把某人从……(职位)解雇
(2)be dismissed from school 被学校开除
be dismissed from the firm 被公司开除
be dismissed from his job 被免职
dismiss the class 下课
[名师点津]在日常英式英语中，说“开除”人们一般用sack，在日常美式英语中一般用fire，而不用dismiss。
◎单句语法填空
①I think he ________ (dismiss) me as an idiot within five minutes of meeting me.
②Just dismiss those thoughts ________ your mind—they're crazy and not worth thinking about.
③With the current economic crisis, he ________ (dismiss) from the company for incompetence last month.

5．proof n．证据，证明　　　
(1)proof of... ……的证据/证明
proof of purchase 购物证明
conclusive proof 确凿的证据
further proof 进一步的证据
scientific proof 科学证据
need proof 需要证据
without absolute proof 没有确凿的证据
(2)provide/give proof 提供证据
have some proof that... 有一些证据……
There is proof that... 有证据证明……
There is no proof that... 没有证据证明……
[学法点拨]­proof作为后缀使用时，意为“防……的；抗……的”。
a bulletproof vest防弹背心
a waterproof jacket防水夹克衫
a willd­proof jacket挡风夹克衫
frost­proof pots for the garden花园里用的防冻花盆
◎单句语法填空
①Do they have any proof ________ it was Hampson who stole the goods?
②If anyone needs proof ________ Andrew Davies' genius as a writer, this novel is it.
③There is now proof ________ giant squid do exist.
④They say they have scientific proof ________ the treatment works.
⑤Everyone has an ability to create proof ________ their talent, knowledge and skills.

6.influential adj.有很大影响力的，有支配力的　influence n. & vt.影响
(1)an influential figure 有影响力的人物
a highly influential book 十分有影响力的书
be influential in... 在……方面有影响力
(2)influence sb. to do sth. 影响某人做某事
(3)have an influence on 对……有影响
have influence over 支配；控制
under the influence of 在……的影响下
have a strong influence on sb. 对某人产生强大的影响
under sb.'s influence 在某人的影响下
◎单句语法填空
①She wanted to work for a bigger and ________ (influential) newspaper.
②Johnson was influential in ________ (persuade) the producers to put money into the film.
③What exactly is the influence of television ________ children?
④Confucius greatly ________ (influence) the development of China's culture and education.

7．insist vi. & vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说　insistence n．[U]坚决要求，坚持
insist on/upon 坚持/坚称……
insist on doing sth. 坚持/执意做某事
an insistence on 坚决主张
at sb.'s insistence 在某人的坚持下
insist that... 执意要求做……；坚称……
[学法点拨](1)insist后面接that宾语从句时，如果表示“坚持或坚决要求”，that从句用虚拟语气，其谓语动词用 “(should＋) do”，被动用“(should＋) be done”，should可以省略。
He insisted that the problem (should) be discussed at the meeting.
他执意要求在会上讨论这个问题。
(2)insist后面接that宾语从句时，如果表示“坚持说或坚称”，that从句不用虚拟语气。
She insisted that the man had stolen her wallet and that he (should) be sent to the police station.她坚持说那个男子偷了她的钱包，并坚决要求把他送到警察局。
◎单句语法填空
①She insisted ________ telling me every single detail of what they did to her in the hospital.
②The boss insists that it ________ (be) a very sound investment.
③Tom's parents insisted that the teacher ________ (inform) them of any progress Tom made.
8.depart vi. & vt.离开，起程　departure n．离开；起程；出发
depart from New York 从纽约离开
depart for Paris 飞往巴黎
depart London 离开伦敦
depart one's job 离职
◎单句语法填空
①The flight for Cambridge will depart ________ Terminal 2.
②The train now ________ (depart) from Platform 13 is the 10：35 to Glasgow.
③The passengers would be transferred to another flight to depart ________ Milan later on Monday.
④They had received no news of him since his ________ (depart) from the island.

9.panic n．惊恐，恐慌　vi. & vt.(panicked, panicked)(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措
(1)in (a) panic 惊慌地，在惊慌中
a moment of panic 一时惊慌
get into a panic 陷入恐慌(表动作)
panic buying/selling 恐慌性抢购/抛售
panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人仓促做某事
a panic attack 一阵心慌意乱
a panic decision 慌乱中作出的决定
cause panic 引起恐慌
(2)Don't panic! 别慌！
There's no panic; we've got plenty of time.
不用着急，我们有的是时间。
◎单句语法填空
①Kate was ________ a panic about her exam, which made her parents worried.
②He got ________ a panic that he would forget his lines on stage.
③The boss always ________ (panic) about the budget every month.
④Guests ________ (panic) and screamed when the bomb exploded.

10.facilitate vt.使便利，促进　facilitation n．便利；促进，增强　facility n．设施；设备
(1)facilitate housework 为家务劳动提供便利
facilitate economic growth 促进经济发展
facilitate mutual understanding 促进相互理解
(2)facilitation measures 便利措施
(3)athletic/cultural facilities 体育/文化设施
public facilities 公共设施
communication facilities 通信设备
computer facilities 计算机设备
◎单句语法填空
①Modern inventions have greatly ________ (facilitate) housework.
◎完成句子
②新机场将促进旅游业的发展。
The new airport will __________________________________.
③计算机可为语言学习带来便利。
Computers can be used to ______________________________________.
④我们对他们表示欢迎，并将提供一切可能的便利和协助。
We welcome them and will __________________________ and assistance.

11．available adj.可获得的，可找到的；有空的　availability n．可用或可得到的人/物
be/become available to sb. 对某人来说是可使用的/可获得的
be available to do sth. 可供使用做某事
be available for 可用于
become available 可以用/获得
make sth. available 使某物可利用/可获得
available resources/facilities 可利用的资源/设施
readily available 可以容易得到的
the only room available 唯一可用的房间
Such information will be readily available to us.此类信息我们可以轻松获得。
There were no tickets available for the performance on Friday.星期五演出的票买不到了。
Will she be available this afternoon?
今天下午她有空吗？
◎完成句子
①Cold drinks will ________________________ (可获得) at the Sports Center.
②________________________ (所有信息在手), they found the hotel in the mountain easily.
③In the 1940s, electricity ________________________ (可供……使用) people in almost all areas of the United States.
④I would have gone to my cousin's birthday party last night, but ______________ (我没空)．

12．comparison n．对比；比较　compare vt.对比；比较　comparable adj.可比较的
(1)make a comparison 作比较
by/in comparison with 与……相比
by comparison 相比之下
(2)compare A with B 把A和B作比较
compare A to B 把A比作B
compared to/with... 与……相比(常作状语)
(3)beyond compare 无与伦比
＝beyond comparison 无可比拟
◎单句语法填空
①To my mind there's no ________ (compare) between the two restaurants.
②It is difficult to make ________ comparison with her previous book—they are completely different.
③In comparison ________ the previous study, the new study expanded research subjects.
④________ comparison, Americans are often frank about displaying both positive and negative emotions on the street and in other public places.
⑤________ (compare) to when we were at school, children seem to learn more interesting things now.
13.pack vt. & vi.塞进，挤进；装(箱)，收拾(行李)；打包；包装，包裹　n．包，包裹；小盒，小包
(1)pack one's
pack into... 挤进……里面
be packed with... 挤满……，塞满……
pack sth. away 将某物收拾好
(2)a food pack 食品包
two packs of cookies 两包饼干
a pack of writing paper 一盒信纸
a pack of dogs 一群狗
◎单句语法填空
①People packed ________ the square and every street leading to it which was filled as far as I could see.
②On his birthday last week, his room ________ (pack) with fruit, flowers, and gifts given by his friends.
③Once a friend and I packed ________ some peanut butter and jelly sandwiches for an outing.
④________ (pack) of ice were put on my forehead to keep down the fever.

14．contrary adj.相反的，相对立的；截然不同的　n. the contrary相反的事实
a contrary point of view 相反的观点
(be) contrary to 与……相反
contrary advice/opinions/arguments 完全相反的建议/观点/论点
on the contrary/quite the contrary 恰恰相反(作状语)
to the contrary 相反的；相反地(相当于形容词或副词，起形容词作用时，作后置定语)
contrary to popular belief 与普遍的看法相反
[学法点拨]contrary to是形容词短语，在句中常作状语、表语或定语。
◎单句语法填空
①Contrary ________ all our expectations, he found a well­paid job and a nice girlfriend.
②—I thought you said the film was exciting.
—________ the contrary, I nearly fell asleep half way through it!
③For a long time it was thought to be a harmless substance, but we now have evidence ________ the contrary.
④Their opinion is contrary ________ mine.
⑤Unless there is evidence ________________ (相反的), we have no choice but to believe what the chef has said.

15．meanwhile adv.同时；其间；对比之下(＝meantime)n.其间，其时　　　　
in the meanwhile (n.)/meantime 在此期间；与此同时
for the meanwhile 一会儿，暂时
Mother went shopping; meanwhile, I cleaned the house.
妈妈去买东西，与此同时，我打扫房间。
Please find a taxi, and in the meanwhile I'll pack some food.
你去叫辆出租车，趁这工夫我打包点吃的。
We need some new curtains, but these will do for the meanwhile.我们需要一些新的窗帘，但这些暂时还可以用。
◎完成句子
①I hope to go to medical school eventually. ________________ (在此期间), I am going to study chemistry.
②The doctor will see you again next week. ________________ (在此期间), you must rest as much as possible.
③We need some new curtains, but these will do ________________ (暂时)．

16．drag vt.拖，拉；缓慢而费力地移动；过得很慢　　 　　
drag sth. over to 把某物拖到……
drag sb. from 把某人从……拽起来
drag oneself out of bed 费力地起床
drag sb. all this way 拽着某人走/跑了一路
can't/couldn't drag myself away 舍不得自己离开
drag your feet/heels 故意拖拉；故意延迟(作出决定)
◎单句语法填空
①Pick the chair up instead of ________ (drag) it behind you!
②She ________ (drag) the canoe down to the water.
③The first half of the movie was interesting but the second half ________ (drag) on.
④I dragged my chair over ________ the window.
⑤I managed to drag ________ (me) out of bed.
⑥I'm sorry to drag you ________ this way in the heat.

17.sink vi. & vt.(sank, sunk)下沉，沉没；坐下；降低　sinking n．沉没　adj.下沉的
(1)sink to the bottom of 沉到……的底部
sink behind 落到……后面
sink like a stone 折戟沉沙；立即沉没

(2)sink into a chair 颓然倒在椅子里
sink to the floor 倒在地板上
sink down 沉落
sink in thought 陷入沉思
sink into poverty 陷入贫困中
[名师点津]sink可以表示具体的“沉没”，也可以表示抽象的“(情绪)低落”
◎单句语法填空
①She let out a sigh and ________ (sink) into a chair, not knowing what to do.
②My father's ship ________ (sink) in World War Ⅱ， which was a great loss.
③The Titanic was a cruise ship which sank ________ the bottom of the ocean in 1912.
④The legs of the garden chair sank ________ the soft ground.
⑤It is clear that house prices have ________ (sink) to a new low.

18．pray vi. & vt.企盼，祈求；祈祷，祷告　prayer n．祈祷；祈祷的内容，祈祷文
(1)pray for... 祈祷……；企盼……
pray to 向……祈祷
pray to do sth. 祈求做某事
pray for peace 祈求和平
pray to be forgiven 祈求得到宽恕
pray that... 祈祷……
(2)say/give one's prayers 祷告
kneel in prayer 跪下祈祷
◎单句语法填空
①He spent his time in prison ________ (pray) and studying.
②I'm just praying ________ somebody in Congress will do something before it's too late.
③During the Spring Festival, some people would visit temples to pray ________ happiness, wealth and health.


19．reform vt.改进，改良，改革；悔改　n．改革，改良　　　
need to be reformed 需要进行改革
reform and opening­up 改革开放
the pace of reform 改革的步伐
the supply­side structural reform 供给侧结构改革
support the reform of 支持……的改革
a major reform 重大的改革
reforms in education 教育改革
reform an unfair system 改革不公正的制度
◎单句语法填空
①For years I was an alcoholic, but I ________ (reform) when the doctors gave me six months to live.
②The government is in the process of ________ (reform) the benefits system.
③In my opinion, some ________ (reform) of the system are necessary.

20.shift n．改变，转移；轮班　vi. & vt.(使)移动，(使)转移；改变　　　
(1)a shift in sth. 某方面的转变
a shift of emphasis 重点的转移
be on the day/night shift at the factory 在工厂上白班/夜班
work an eight­hour shift 按每班八小时轮班工作
(2)shift...from...to... 把……从……移动/搬到……
shift one's ground 改变某人的立场
◎单句语法填空
①There has been ________ dramatic shift in public opinion towards peaceful negotiations.
②Society's attitudes towards women ________ (shift) enormously over the last century.
③Tom's parents hoped ________ (shift) his attention away from computer games.
④Joe listened, ________ (shift) uncomfortably from one foot to another.


►第二版块|重点短语
1．allow for使成为可能；考虑到，把……计算在内
(1)allow for your age 考虑到你的年龄
allow for human error 考虑到人为失误
allow for this reason 考虑到这个原因
(2)allow sb./sth. to do sth. 允许某人/某物做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事
Our English teacher allows for different kinds of interactions in class.我们的英语老师允许课堂上有各种各样的互动。
◎单句语法填空
①We have to allow ________ the possibility that we might not finish this project on schedule.
②You should allow for the plane ________ (delay)．
③________ (allow) for the bad weather, we should set off right now.

2.on behalf of代表(或代替)；为帮助；为了
on/in behalf of sb.(＝on/in sb.'s behalf) 代替/代表某人；为了某人
stand for 代表，象征(作谓语)
◎单句语法填空
①On behalf ________ our school, I would like to express our warm welcome to you.
②Ann asked the doctor to speak to her parents ________ her behalf.
③Jack thanked them ________ your behalf.
3.sort out理顺，整理；把……安排好；分类，挑出
(1)sort out the emails 整理电子邮件
sort out the papers to be thrown away 把要扔掉的文件挑出来
sort out the problems 解决问题
sort sth. out (from...) (从……中)区分出来/辨别出来
sort...by size 把……按大小分类
sort...into piles 把……分成几堆
(2)a sort of 一种
all sorts/kinds of 各种各样的(名词前)
of all sorts 各种各样的(名词后)
this/that sort of 这/那种(名词前)
of this/that sort 这/那种(名词后)
◎单句语法填空
①He decided to sort ________ her life for her, but she refused him.
②Rubbish can easily be separated and sorted ________ plastics, glass and paper.
③She spent an afternoon ________ (sort) out her coins and stamps.
④The eggs are sorted ________ size.
⑤After supper, we would play card games of all ________ (sort) in the sitting room.
⑥He was a poet ________ a sort.
⑦Plants ________ this sort don't grow on this island.
◎完成句子
⑧这价格比我预料的稍高一些。
The price was ________________ higher than I'd expected.

►第三版块|典型句式
1．as is/was the case (with/in...)这是经常的事/通常情况下/……也一样
[教材原句]Those who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges along the way—as was the case with the explorer Christopher Columbus.凡取得伟大发现的人，往往必须战胜重重磨难，探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布便是如此。
[句式分析](1)该句型的基本含义是“这是常见的情形”或“情况往往如此”等，as is the case还经常与often, always等词搭配使用。该句型作为从句使用时，一般位于句首，其后再接一个陈述句，用于具体描述某个情形。它既可以单独使用，也可以在后面接介词with/in。
(2)as is/was the case单独使用时，其含义为“通常情况下，一如既往地”。
As is often the case, humans are the primary cause of extinction.
通常情况下，人类是物种灭绝的主要原因。
(3)当as is/was the case后面接介词with时，通常是以“as is/was(often/always) the case with＋sb./sth.”这一结构出现，表示主句所描述的某种情形适合于这些人或物。(教材例句即如此)
(4)as is/was the case后面接介词in时，通常以“as is/was the case in＋某地”的结构出现，表示主句所描述的某种情形适合于某个地方。比如我们常常说“中国的情况往往就是这样”，用英文表达就是as is often the case in China。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①As was often the case ________ other children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
②As was often ________ case, the girl forgot to bring her dictionary.
③He was late for school, as was often the case ________ him.
④________ was often the case with him, he was fined for speeding.
⑤We are not familiar with different cultures, as is often the case ________ other countries.
⑥As is often the case ________ life, making something look easy is very difficult.


2．主语(表无生命的事物)＋see/find/witness＋宾语　……经历/发生/见证/目睹了……
[教材原句]His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period which witnessed many important geographical findings.
他的航海活动开启了大航海时代的新篇章，那是一个见证许多重大地理发现的时期。
[句式分析](1)本句中，witness意为“见证，目睹；发生，经历”，从句主语为a period，表示“这一时期目睹了……”。
(2)witness意为“见证，目睹，发生，经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“见证/目睹/发生/经历了某事”。
与witness用法相同的动词还有find，see，say，experience等，这些词在句中作谓语，物作主语时，表示一种拟人的手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。
The last ten years have seen great changes in our city.
我们的城市在过去的10年里发生了巨大变化。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①The last half of the nineteenth century ________ (witness) the steady improvement in the means of travel.
②The nineteenth century ________ (see) many changes, which promoted the development of the society.

3．where引导地点状语从句
[教材原句]Today, the USS Arizona lies where it sank: in the middle of the Pacific Ocean.
如今，美国“亚利桑那号”战列舰还位于当年沉船的位置：在太平洋的中央。
[句式分析](1)where引导地点状语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。
(2)where引导的地点状语从句用法总结：
①where在地点状语从句中，除指具体地点外，还可指处境等抽象地点。
②有时地点状语从句中的某些词可以省略。
Fill in the blanks with the phrases given. Change the form where (it's) necessary.
用所给的短语填空，必要的地方可以改变其形式。
③地点状语从句一般置于主句之后。
[归纳拓展]与where引导的定语从句的区别：
where引导定语从句时，where为关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语，其前有一个表示地点的先行词。此时，where可换为“介词＋which”结构。) where引导状语从句时，where为从属连词。 where引导的地点状语从句用于对主句中的谓语动词进行说明，where前没有表示地点的名词，此时，where不能换为“介词＋which”结构。
Go back to the country where you came from.你从哪个国家来，就回哪个国家去。(where引导定语从句，修饰the country)
Go back where you came from.你从何处来到何处去。(where引导地点状语从句)
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①Young people today earn more and have more freedom to live ________ they want.
②We prefer to camp ________ there is water.
③Improvements will be made __________ necessary.
④Keep it ________ you can see it.
⑤I will go on a trip to Hunan, ________ there are a great number of places of interest.
⑥Is there a shop around ________ I can blow my bike tyres up?
⑦Where there is a will, ________ is a way.
⑧________ there is life, there is hope.


【跟踪演练】　　　
Ⅰ.短语汉译英
1．理顺，整理；把……安排好 ________________
2．与……相比 ________________
3．挤满……，塞满…… ________________
4．把……打包；收拾(行李) ________________
5．与……相反 ________________
6．与此相反；恰恰相反 ________________
7．身穿制服 ________________
8．跳入河里 ________________
9．冻死 ________________
10．在此期间；与此同时 ________________
11．混乱，纷乱 ________________
12．流血而死 ________________
13．策划阴谋 ________________
14．祈祷……；企盼…… ________________
15．上白班 ________________
16．坚决要求……；坚持说…… ________________
17．资金不足 ________________
18．惊慌地 ________________

Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Aboard the plane I was about to go to the washroom when the plane suddenly shook ________ (violent)．
2．Seeing an eagle diving at him, the little rabbit was ________ (freeze) with great fear.
3．The soldier from the navy, with his leg ________ (bleed), was ________ (drag) behind when he suddenly ________ (sink) down on the ground.
4．The two foxes hatched a plot to prevent the hen ________ (hatch) its eggs.
5．As a peasant, he ________ (pray) that the rural reform will go smoothly and the agricultural output will increase dramatically.
6．My husband convinced me to visit the neighbour's family, which strengthened the ________ (harmony) relationship between the two families.
7．On behalf of his country, he visited the neighbouring country, with the boat ________ (load) with all kinds of things as gifts.
8．Tom, an influential figure, ________ (dismiss) from his job last month because of a financial matter.
9．On that day, the tsunami, ________ (acknowledge) to be the worst disaster of the year, struck suddenly, and people on the shore got into a panic.
10．The minister of education insists that teachers ________ (facilitate) the discussion among exceptional students.
11．When hearing the investment was withdrawn, she shook her head ________ (violent)．
12．The lamb tried to escape by ________ (dive) into a river.
13．The lamb stared at its master, ________ (freeze) with horror.
14．He managed ________ (drag) the camel out of the sand and dust.
15．The goat slowly ________ (bleed) to death.
16．He is the man ________ (hatch) the welcome party for our new assistant.
17．It is plain to see the two ________ (plot) share certain obvious similarity.
18．She watched the shelter collapse with a ________ (sink) heart.
19．The ________ (memory) stands next to the church.
20．The old man spent the whole night ________ (pray) for his son who was in prison.
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．莉莉坐到椅子上休息；相反，露西正忙着收拾行李。 (sink, on the contrary, pack up)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．与上周的会议一样，明天要举行的会议将至少持续三个小时。(as is the case with)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．上周日，我校举行了盛大的运动会开幕式。(无生命名词＋witness，royal)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．在士兵们被冻死的地方立了一座纪念碑。(where引导地点状语从句， be frozen to death, memorial)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．当他上夜班时，他总是尽他所能促进同事之间的沟通。(on the night shift, facilitate)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6．我深信露西是代表我们学校参加马拉松比赛的合适人选。 (be convinced that..., on behalf of)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
7．所有的老师都认为刘先生是学校里最有影响力的人，坚持选他当校长。(acknowledge sb. as/to be, influential, insist that...)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
8．考虑到他有可能为公司作出巨大贡献，老板决定不顾他的缺点雇用他。(allow for, regardless of)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
9．他坚持说卡车上装的大米太多了，但是司机对他的话不予考虑。(insist that..., be loaded with, dismiss)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
10．当他有空的时候，他就把书架上的文学作品整理好，确保学生来找的时候都能找到。(sort out, literary, available)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

























Unit 3　Back to the past
基础回顾·自主排查区
核心词汇
1．panic　2.available　3.meanwhile　4.acknowledge　5.sink
6．output　7.drag　8.load　9.shift　10.contrary
阅读词汇
1．航海，航行，航天　航行，远行　2.舰队；捕鱼船队；车队　3.航行；导航　导航　4.罗盘，指南针；圆规　5.航海日志，正式记录；原木　伐木　6.路线，路途；途径，渠道　7.制服；队服　一致的，统一的　8.混乱，杂乱　9.海军，海军部队
10．臭名昭著，声名狼藉；恶行，罪恶
拓展词汇
1．aboard　2.astonishment　astonishing　3.financial
4．comparison　5.strength　strongly　6.shorten　shortage　7.departure　8.bleed　bloody　9.adoption
10．insistence　insistent
高频短语
1．on behalf of　2.allow for　3.contrary to　4.be loaded with...　5.expose...to...　6.insist on doing sth.　7.over the course of...　8.be influenced by...　9.succeed sb. as...　10.disagree with sb. (on/about/over sth.)　11.不管，不顾　12.理顺，整理；把……安排好　13.在……中起重要作用　14.对……进行友好访问　15.把某事当成……不予考虑　16.把某人置于险境　17.见证……　18.对……产生兴趣　19.由……组成/构成
典型句式
1．as was the case with the explorer Christopher Columbus
2．which witnessed many important geographical findings
3．where it sank
核心考点·互动探究区
第一版块|重点单词
1．①breadth　②broader　③Broadly　④broadening
2．①of　②that　③to look　④fully　⑤convincing
3．①harmonious　②more harmonious　③with
4．①dismissed　②from　③was dismissed
5．①that　②of　③that　④that　⑤of
6．①more influential　②persuading　③on　④influenced
7．①on/upon　②is　③(should) inform
8．①from　②departing　③for　④departure
9．①in　②into　③panics　④panicked
10．①facilitated　②facilitate the development of tourism
③facilitate language learning　④provide all possible facilitation
11．①be available　②With all the information available
③was available to　④I was not available
12．①comparison　②a　③with　④By　⑤Compared
13．①into　②was packed　③up　④Packs
14．①to　②On　③to　④to　⑤to the contrary
15．①In the meanwhile/meantime　②Meanwhile/In the meanwhile
③for the meanwhile
16．①dragging　②dragged　③dragged　④to　⑤myself　⑥all
17．①sank　②was sunk　③to　④into　⑤sunk
18．①praying　②that　③for
19．①reformed　②reforming　③reforms
20．①a　②have shifted　③to shift　④shifting
第二版块|重点短语
1．①for　②being delayed　③Allowing
2．①of　②on　③on
3．①out　②into　③sorting　④by　⑤sorts　⑥of　⑦of　⑧sort of/kind of
第三版块|典型句式
1．①with　②the　③with　④As　⑤in　⑥in
2．①witnessed　②saw
3．①where　②where　③where　④where　⑤where
⑥where/in which　⑦there　⑧Where
跟踪演练·强化提升区
Ⅰ.
1．sort out　2.by/in comparison with　3.be packed with...　4.pack up　5.contrary to　6.on the contrary　7.in uniform　8.dive into the river　9.freeze to death/be frozen to death　10.in the meanwhile/meantime　11.in chaos　12.bleed to death　13.hatch a plot　14.pray for...　15.on the day shift
16．insist on/upon (doing) sth.　17.a shortage of funds
18．in (a) panic
Ⅱ.
1．violently　2.frozen　3.bleeding　dragging　sank　4.hatching
5．prays　6.harmonious　7.loaded　8.was dismissed
9．acknowledged　10.(should) facilitate　11.violently
12．diving　13.frozen　14.to drag　15.bled　16.hatching　17.plots　18.sinking　19.memorial　20.praying
Ⅲ.
1．Lily sank down into a chair to rest; Lucy, on the contrary, was busy packing up.
2．As is the case with the conference last week, the one to be held tomorrow will last at least three hours.
3．Last Sunday witnessed the royal opening ceremony of the sports meeting in our school.
4．A memorial was set up where the soldiers were frozen to death.
5．When he is on the night shift, he always does what he can to facilitate the communication between his colleagues.
6．I am convinced that Lucy is the right person to compete in the marathon on behalf of our school.
7．Acknowledging Mr. Liu as/to be the most influential person in the school, all the teachers insisted that he (should) be elected to be headmaster.
8．Allowing for the possibility that he might make a great contribution to the company, the boss decided to employ him regardless of his shortcomings.
9．He insisted that the truck had been loaded with too many bags of rice, but the driver dismissed what he said.
10．When he is available, he sorts out the literary works on the bookshelf to make sure they are available when students come to search for them.