人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues精品课后作业题

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Life is beautiful for some people, these people’s lives are for a goal.生命对某些人来说是美丽的，这些人的一生都为某个目标而奋斗。
单元知识回顾及优化集训
目标导航


重点词汇
阅读单词
1．knob n．
2．appliance n．
3．sensor n．
4．wire n．
5．innovation n．
6．deceased adj.
7．automatic adj.
8．mode n．
9．cancer n．
10．leak vi.& vt.
11．clone vt.
12．cease vi.& vt.
13．rural adj.
14．luxury n．
15．signpost n．
16．remote control
17．air conditioner
18．daily routine
19．artificial intelligence
重点单词
1．phrase n．
2．switch vt.
3．remote adj.
4．routine n．
5．instant n．
6．command n．
7．constant adj.
8．relevant adj.
9．available adj.
10．nevertheless adv.
11．structure n．
12．crime n．
13．artificial adj.
14．forecast vt.& n．
15．hence adv.
16．advocate vt.
17．career n．
18．prospect n．
19．paragraph n．
20．essay n．
21．accurate adj.
22．librarian n．
词汇拓展
1．persuade vt.劝说；说服→ adj.有说服力的→ n．说服
2．distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→ n．距离
3．secure adj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt.获得；拴牢；保护→ n．安全；保护措施
4．integrate vi.& vt.(使)合并；成为一体→ adj.各部分密切协调的；综合的
5．efficient adj.效率高的；有功效的→ adv.有效地
→ n．效率；效能
6．preference n．爱好；偏爱→ vt.更喜欢；偏好
7．obey vi.& vt.服从；遵守→ vt.不服从
8．warning n．警告；警示；先兆→ vt.警告
9．abnormal adj.不正常的；反常的→ adj.正常的
10．critical adj.严重的；关键的；批判性的→ n．评论家
→ vt.批评；评论→ adv.批判性地
11．potential adj.可能的；潜在的 n．潜力；可能性→ adv.潜在地；可能地
12．electrical adj.电的；用电的→electric adj.电的；电动的；用电的→ n．电；电学；电流
13．fantasy n．幻想；想象→ adj.极好的
14．detect vt.发现；查明→ n．侦探
15．combine vt.& vi.(使)结合；混合→ n．结合；联合
16．predict vt.预测；预言；预料→ n．预测；预言
17．occupation n．职业；占领→ vt.占据；占用；使忙碌
→ adj.被占领的；被占用的；忙于……的
18．oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠→ adj.反对的→ adj.对面的；相反的→ n．反对
19．absence n．不存在；缺乏；缺席→ adj.缺席的；不在的；缺乏的
20．emphasis n．强调；重视；重要性→ vt.强调
21．resist vi.& vt.抵制；反抗；抵挡→ n．抵制；反对；抗拒
重点词组
1．switch off/on
2．early on
3．catch fire
4．in this sense (in...sense)
5．keep in touch
重点句型
1．They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century，and they the same way in the distant future.
自18世纪以来，他们主要以农民的身份生活，在遥远的未来，他们可能也会以同样的方式生活。
2． It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better
.
甚至可以说，阿曼门诺派的生活质量更好，因为他们生活在自然环境中，欣赏自然，而不是生活在污染严重的大城市里。
3．Moreover，the Internet has friends and family easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.
此外，互联网使朋友和家人能够很容易地保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。
3． It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier，
.
它还让人们更容易在生活中寻找机会，因为它允许人们通过使用社交媒体建立更大的朋友网络。


知识精讲

知识点01 persuade vt.劝说；说服
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)While shopping，people sometimes can’t resist being persuaded into (buy) what they don’t really need.
＝While shopping，people sometimes can’t help being persuaded (buy) what they don’t really need.
(2)My close friend persuaded me not (oppose) the idea he came up with at the meeting.
＝My close friend persuaded me out of (oppose) the idea he came up with at the meeting.
(3)I tried to persuade him (combine) study with relaxation，but in vain.
•persuade sb.to do sth.＝persuade sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事
persuade sb.not to do sth.＝persuade sb.out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事
try to persuade sb.to do sth.＝advise sb.to do sth.试图说服某人做某事(未必成功)
•persuasive adj.有说服力的
•persuasion n．说服

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(4)我成功地说服他同意了我挨家挨户卖爆米花的计划。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
①I managed to persuade him to approve of my plan to sell popcorn from door to door.
②I managed to persuade him into approving of my plan to sell popcorn from door to door.
知识点2 instant n．瞬间；片刻
adj.立即的；速食的；速溶的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)I detected two obvious mistakes (instant) I saw the article.
(2)I recognized her instant she took off her dark glasses.
•the instant/instantly＋从句 一……就……
instantly＝immediately adv.立刻，马上
instant coffee/noodles 速溶咖啡/方便面
•“一……就……”的其他表达方式：
on/upon (doing) sth.
as soon as＋从句
the moment/minute...＋从句
immediately/instantly/directly＋从句
no sooner...than...
hardly/scarcely...when...

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)一看到可怕的熊在咬我们的金属丝栅栏，我就屏住呼吸，一动不敢动。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
①The instant I saw a frightening bear biting our wire fence，I held my breath，not daring to make a movement.(the instant)
②On seeing a frightening bear biting our wire fence，I held my breath，not daring to make a movement.(on doing)
③Hardly had I seen a frightening bear biting our wire fence when I held my breath，not daring to make a movement.(hardly...when...)
知识点3 command v．命令；控制
n．指令；命令；掌握；控制
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)My teacher commanded me (hand) in my homework instantly.
＝My teacher commanded that I (hand) in my homework instantly.
(2)I’m at your command and hence，I will obey your orders.
•command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事
command that...(should) do...命令……
•at one’s command听某人支配
have a good command of/have a good knowledge of/master...掌握……；精通……

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)我写信申请成为您的助教，因为我不仅精通英语，而且善于和其他人交流。(应用文之申请信)
I am writing to apply to be your teaching assistant，because not only do I have a good command of English but also I am good at communicating with others.
知识点4 warning n.警告；警示
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Norton Sound was covered with ice，which could sometimes break up without (warn)．
(2)Adolescents have been warned many times o(not，go) swimming alone in the lake.
(3)He warned the pilot the serious situation that he was confronted with.
(4)The change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early (warn) signals that we really have changed our planet.(2019·北京)
•without warning不预先通知；突然地
•warn v．提醒注意；劝告；警告；告诫
warn sb.(not) to do sth.警告某人(不要)做某事
warn sb.of/about sth.提醒/警告某人注意某事
warn sb.against doing sth.警告某人不要做某事

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(5)老师警告我们不要把手机带进考场。
①The teacher carry mobile phones into the examination room.
②The teacher carrying mobile phones into the examination room.
知识点5 oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Many educators are strongly opposed to (protect) children too much.
(2)Our head teacher opposed our (play) computer games in our daily routine.
•oppose (doing) sth.反对(做)某事
oppose sb./sb.’s doing sth.反对某人做某事
•opposed adj.相反的；对立的
be opposed to (doing) sth.反对(做)某事
opposite adj.对面的；相反的
opposition n．反对

再提能力——完美写作·句式升级·背诵
(3)(普通表达)Because all of my friends were opposed to my plan，I couldn’t resist sobbing sadly.(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)
(高级表达)With all of my friends opposed to my plan，I couldn’t resist sobbing sadly.(用with复合结构改写)
知识点6 absence n．[C]& [U]缺席；不在(某处)；[U]缺乏
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)In the absence of teachers’ instruction，I don’t know how to combine what I’ve learnt with practice.
(2)Apparently being constantly absent from school caused him to fail in the exam.
•in the absence of不在；缺少
in one’s absence某人不在时
absence of mind心不在焉
•absent adj.缺席的；不在的；心不在焉的
be absent from不参加；缺席
absent-minded adj.心不在焉的；健忘的

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)我写信向您道歉，因为上周末我没能参加你的生日派对。(应用文之道歉信)
I’m writing to apologize to you for being absent from your birthday party last weekend.
知识点7 in this sense (in...sense)从这种(某种)意义上来讲
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)There are so many new phrases in the passage that I can’t make sense them at all.
(2) a sense，it is these passengers that are to blame for the accident.
(3)There is no sense (buy) that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.
make sense of弄懂……的意思；理解
make no sense没道理；没意义
in a sense从某种意义上说
in no sense决不(位于句首时要用部分倒装结构)
common sense常识
a sense of belonging/humour/direction/duty归属感/幽默感/方向感/责任感
There’s no/little sense (in) doing sth.做某事没道理/没意义。

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/句式升级·背诵
(4)我写信请求您推荐一些我能够容易理解的英文名著。(应用文之求助信)
I’m writing to request you to recommend some English classics that I can easily make sense of.
(5)(普通表达)The issue can in no sense be said to be solved.
(高级表达)In no sense can the issue be said to be solved.(用倒装句改写)
知识点8 keep in touch (with) (与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况)
•stay in touch (with) (与……)保持联系
be in touch (with) (与……)有联系
be out of touch (with) (与……)失去联系
以上三个短语表状态，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。
•get in touch (with) (与……) 取得联系
lose touch (with) (与……) 失去联系
以上两个短语表示动作，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。

能力提升——根据句意用touch短语的正确形式完成句子
自从我们十年前取得联系，我们已经保持联系十年了。我的确相信我们再也不会失去联系了。
We have stayed in touch with/have kept in touch with/have been in touch with each other for ten years since we got in touch ten years ago.I do believe that we will never lose touch with each other.
知识点9 as引导状语从句
It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier，as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.它还让人们更容易在生活中寻找机会，因为它允许人们通过使用社交媒体建立更大的朋友网络。
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中as的汉语意思
(1)As time went by，I grew increasingly crazy about English.随着
(2)Just as an old saying goes，do in Rome as the Romans do.正如；按照
(3)Child as he is，he has a good command of English.尽管
(4)You can’t continue with the training，as you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.因为
•as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；随着”
•as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照……；照着……”
•as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”， 需将后面的表语、状语提到前面构成倒装句，即把句中的名词、形容词、副词、分词或实义动词提前。
•as引导定语从句，意为“正如；正像”

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(5)随着公共汽车逐渐靠近城镇，汤姆浑身颤抖，如坐针毡。(读后续写之紧张心理描写)
As the bus got closer and closer to the town，Tom shook all over，feeling like sitting on pins and needles.
(6)尽管我们又累又饿，但是我们从这次五千米越野赛跑中受益匪浅。
Exhausted and hungry as we were，we benefited a lot from the five-kilometer cross-country running race.


分层提分


题组A 基础过关练
词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空) (每小题2分，共16分)
1．Although his is ，it can’t me to change my mind.(persuade)
2．In the past，I had a for physics.In other words，I preferred to study it.(prefer)
3．The woman often (switch) on the computer the instant she gets home.
4．I him not to skate on such thin ice，but he ignored my .(warn)
5．As an secretary，she can organize various jobs and improve her .(efficient)
6．He has been from school for some days，so I think his will result in his bad performances in the exam.(absence)
7．There’s no sense (argue) with such a stubborn person.
8．The little boy broke away from me (instant) he saw his mother.
题组B 能力提升练
课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
In this not-too-distant future，we will be living in smart homes，which will transform our present daily routine.Initially，the electrical appliances will be controlled 1.
(automatic)．Hence，we don’t necessarily turn switches on and off,2. (make) our homes more energy-efficient.Of course，all controls will respond to voice 3. (command)．
Furthermore，smart homes will be monitoring our 4. (healthy)．They will constantly keep track
5. our state of health.The instant some healthy problems are detected，an immediate warning
6. (send) to our cellphones，potentially 7. (save) our lives.Last but not least，smart homes will prevent serious damage from accidents，8. will likely be caused by leaking water pipes or a short in the electrical wiring.9. this sense，smart homes will enable us 10. (live) smart lives.
课文选词填空——复习本单元Using Language部分

Whether we should cease accepting the latest technology or not is under heated discussion.On the one hand，various people can enjoy life to the fullest 1. new technology.Hence，they
2. developing new technology.Instead，they 3. living a simple life without luxuries，and they lay 4. on hard work，family and community.On the other hand，numerous people are in favor of new technology，from which they benefit a lot.Not only does advanced technology
5. potential natural disasters，but also it enables us to find opportunities in life easier.Personally，even if new technology can be a scary prospect，under no circumstances will I 6. it.
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：将来进行时)

On hearing that we would study through remote education as a consequence of COVID-19，I
1. the idea because I had a preference for learning at school.Personally，under no circumstances could I 2. relevant subjects without teachers’ face-to-face instruction available.Hence，at that time I sincerely hoped that the abnormal time would cease as soon as possible.Nevertheless，I persuaded myself to obey my school’s critical rules，with my routine study integrated with the online learning mode.My head teacher constantly reminded us to switch on our electronic appliances in advance.Most of the time，I could concentrate on what the teachers had laid 3. on in online classes and took notes accurately.But with time going by，in the absence of teachers，there was a 4. look in my eyes，and my thoughts elsewhere.Now，I hope that at this time next month I will be having class in the classroom.

题组C 培优拔尖练
A
A mother，Carrie Cort，51，from Sussex，and her nine－year－old son were named the UK’s most environmentally friendly family after winning an award for their environmental achievements.
Now every aspect of her life is environmentally friendly，from her son Adam’s birthday parties to her clothing，and she recycles everything from used pens to milk bottle tops.“Changing our family lifestyle to a green one has saved us around ￡11，000 every year，which has given us more financial stability，” Carrie says.“Living green has made us healthier and I feel younger now.It is fun to see what you can make with unwanted or broken things.Growing your own food is great exercise，which is good for wildlife，and the food is much more nutritious and tastier.”
“My concern for the way we humans are treating the planet was really aroused in 2008 when Adam was born.When he arrived，I suddenly had this huge，greater awareness of the planet we’re bringing our children into though I learnt something about it in university.” She began going to talks，reading books，watching documentaries and attending green meetings in order to educate herself in the details of green living.
Carrie set up the local campaign group Sussex Green Living six years after her son’s birth.Later，she gave up her high－powered job，as she ran a video company with her brother，to do her job full－time.Today，she organizes talks and workshops.She runs a repair café，where people can bring everything to be fixed.Her recycling program helps people reuse waste.Toothpaste tubes，for example，are turned into purses by an organization.“My goal is to inspire more people to lead greener，more environmentally friendly lives，to enable us to live in greater harmony with nature，now and for future organizations.I achieve this by various Sussex Green Living communication programs and working with other organizations who have the same goals and values.”
1．How did Carrie feel about her environmentally friendly lifestyle?
A．Unwanted. B．Unhealthy.
C．Expensive. D．Economical.
2．When did Carrie begin to care about the lifestyle?
A．After winning an award.
B．After giving birth to her son.
C．After being stuck in poverty.
D．After attending green meetings.
3．What can we know about Carrie?
A．She made good preparations for living green.
B．She recycled what people ignored for fun.
C．She does daily exercise by growing food.
D．She majored in planet protection in university.
4．What does Carrie rely on to make her achievements?
A．Her repair café and workshops.
B．Her own programs and cooperation with others.
C．Her well－paid job and her brother’s support.
D．Her independence of realizing her green dream.
B

Next month，I’m traveling to a remote area of Central Africa and my aim is to know enough Lingala—one of the local languages—to have a conversation.I wasn’t sure how I was going to manage this—until I discovered a way to learn all the vocabulary I’m going to need.Thanks to Memrise，the application I’m using，it feels just like a game.
“People often stop learning things because they feel they’re not making progress or because it all feels like too much hard work，” says Ed Cooke，one of the people who created Memrise.“We’re trying to create a form of learning experience that is fun and is something you’d want to do instead of watching TV.”
Memrise gives you a few new words to learn and these are “seeds” which you plant in your “greenhouse”．When you learn the words，you “water your plants”．When the application believes that you’ve really memorized a word，it moves the word to your “garden”．And if you forget to log on，the application sends you emails，reminding you to “water your plants”．
The application uses two principles about learning.The first is that people memorize things better when they link them to a picture in their mind.Memrise translates words into your own language，but it also encourages you to use “mems”．For example，I memorized motele，the Lingala word for “engine”，using a mem I created—I imagined an old engine in a motel (汽车旅馆) room.
The second principle is that we need to stop after studying words and then repeat them again later，leaving time between study sessions.Memrise helps you with this，because it’s the kind of application you only use for five or ten minutes a day.
I’ve learnt hundreds of Lingala words with Memrise.I know this won’t make me a fluent speaker，but I hope I’ll be able to do more than just smile when I meet people in Congo.Now，I need to go and water my Vocabulary!
1．What does Ed Cooke make an effort to do with Memrise?
A．Create memorable experiences.
B．Make progress with hard work.
C．Learning words instead of watching TV.
D．Combine study with entertainment.
2．What are you doing when you “water your plants”？
A．Logging on to the application.
B．Being a Memrise user.
C．Practising the vocabulary.
D．Moving words to your garden.
3．How does Memrise work?
A．By linking different mems together.
B．By putting knowledge into practice.
C．By offering human translation services.
D．By applying an associative memory approach.
4．What is the author’s attitude towards Memrise?
A．Doubtful. B．Positive.
C．Uninterested. D．Negative.
第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I don’t believe Artificial Intelligence (AI) could replace my teaching career.I have always been interested in human connections，and the ways in which I can use these connections to inspire change and make a difference，__1__，there are other ways where AI could make a more efficient difference than I could on my own.
My teaching experiences over the past several years have been creative and inspiring.I believe that the job of educators extends beyond simply teaching students the curriculum.__2__；they must constantly reflect on ways to better their teaching，and they must inspire their students to be the best versions of themselves.And now with the help of AI，they could achieve these goals much easier.
__3__．First，AI can be used to promote fundamental skills，such as mathematical education and vocabulary lessons.Additionally，I see AI being used for such necessary tasks as answering questions and grading assignments.Thus I could focus my attention on establishing human connections，individualizing lesson plans and inspiring my students.
__4__．I believe AI could provide a strong basis for educational equality around the world.According to Todd Leopold，close to 800 million people worldwide are functionally illiterate (文盲的)．Due to its ability to efficiently pass knowledge to large groups of people，fewer teachers may be needed in some schools.__5__．
A．Since students will always need a human teacher
B．The benefit AI brings is far beyond my own classroom
C．I think AI is a powerful assistant to my future classroom
D．The need for students to learn how to use AI will also grow
E．Although human connections may never be able to be fully replaced by AI
F．This could be an opportunity for students everywhere to receive equal education
G．They must observe and get to know their students in order to individualize educational plans
第三部分　
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When buying a smartphone，I keep my criteria simple.If the device can handle WeChat，phone calls and __1__ the Internet，I will purchase it.If it’s over 1，000 yuan，I will __2__ it.This approach to acquiring smartphones __3__ for me as I keep my needs basic.Aside from saving myself money，I may have also saved myself from some wounds or burns had I chosen a flawed phone.In recent news，things have been __4__ for Samsung—literally.
Samsung’s most recent innovation is called the Note 7.Sadly，it was discontinued only 38 days after being made __5__ for consumption.At first，a few customers complained that their phones caught fire while being __6__．Samsung，being responsible，launched an investigation to __7__ the cases.They issued a global recall on September 1，but it was taken merely as a suggestion and not seen as __8__．Yet，earlier this month，the tech giant gave a stronger message to worldwide customers，saying all owners must stop using their Note 7s immediately.
Commercial forces encourage tech companies to push the envelope and produce new products every few months.Sometimes，a conflict of interests can occur.The greed for innovation has a funny way of causing __9__ for the basics—like safety—and the Note 7’s situation is just one example of this.The device __10__ all kinds of cool features，including a super－high－resolution camera，an iris scanner and an especially powerful __11__．Ideally，manufacturers should consider all relevant aspects when creating new commodities.Samsung has both the money and technical know—how to prevent such negligence.The Note 7’s __12__ was most likely rushed in order to make more profit，which __13__ having the opposite effect.Time will tell how much this oversight will cost with respect to Samsung’s fame and future.
__14__，it’s safe to assume that Samsung could eventually come back over the horizon and restore its reputation as a manufacturer of excellent smartphones if its new models have no major flaw.In an industry largely run by Apple and Samsung，intense competitions will only bring more benefit to consumers.If Apple were to become the only __15__ company，we would be left with few options for top－of－the－line phones.
1．A.surf B．access C．launch D．process
2．A.buy B．desire C．recommend D．abandon
3．A.works B．checks C．helps D．adapts
4．A.growing up B．bringing up C．blowing up D．digging up
5．A.accessible B．responsible C．affordable D．available
6．A.locked B．broadcast C．charged D．carried
7．A.look over B．look through C．look up D．look into
8．A.aggressive B．desperate C．anxious D．urgent
9．A.neglect B．need C．demand D．application
10．A.causes B．boasts C．defines D．forbids
11．A.battery B．screen C．chip D．frame
12．A.campaign B．promotion C．invention D．release
13．A.ended up B．got over C．acted out D．turned over
14．A.Consequently B．therefore C．Furthermore D．Nevertheless
15．A.flexible B．ambitious C．dominant D．feasible
第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nowadays，time travel is just about everywhere you look，1.____________ films to TV shows and even literature.Our society has become obsessed with the idea of traveling through time.
However，that wasn’t true just 150 years ago.The portal was opened by H．G.Wells’ novel，The Time Machine，which 2.____________ (publish) in 1895.In this book，Wells describes a man who builds a machine that enables him 3.____________ (move) throughout the course of history and into the future.The story is important because it describes time as something 4._______________________ (flow)．
Before this book came out，time was 5.____________ (basic) viewed as a one－way street.You could only go forward，and only at one speed.In this way，Wells’ 6.____________ (create) account transformed the way people viewed time and time travel.
It was so successful largely because it came out at the end of 19th century when tremendous change was in the air.As the 7.____________ (twenty) century dawned，people were becoming incredibly excited for the future.It was a period of huge technological as well as scientific 8.____________ (grow) and，for the first time ever，people were living in a way that was dramatically different from 9.____________ generation before them.
In other words，it was the first time that the past，future and present would be entirely different.This simple historical moment is 10.____________ made time travel so fascinating.