2024版高考英语一轮总复习教材复习Unit3SportsandFitness教师用书新人教版必修第一册

Unit 3 Sports and Fitness

Ⅰ．词块记单词
1．sports and fitness 运动与健康
2．go to the soccer game 去看足球赛
3．an e-sports event 一个电子竞技项目
4．masters in their sports 他们体育项目中的佼佼者
5．bring honour and glory to her country 为她的国家带来荣光
6．medals at world championships and the Olympics 在世界锦标赛和奥运会的奖牌
7．the team captain 队长
8．pretend to fall down 假装摔倒
9．millions of yuan 数百万元
10．never cheat in the exam 永远不要在考试中作弊
11．the audience 观众
12．look like the slim girls on TV 像电视上的苗条女孩
13．try every new diet 尝试每一种新的饮食
14．make exercise like jogging more enjoyable让慢跑这样的运动更有趣
15．spelling errors 拼写错误
Ⅱ．语境记单词
1．Li Hua is a young man with great determination．He determined to go to Tibet after graduation．Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune, he left home without saying a word．(determine)
2．In the terrible crash of the school bus, many children were injured, and even some suffered severe injuries to the head and arms．The injured were rushed to the nearest hospital．(injure)
3．David has a strong body．He has the strength to do hard work．We had better strengthen the relationship with him．(strength)
4．All the excited competitors who are relatively competitive are competing for the honour of winning the gold medals in the competition．(compete)
5．After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed and tired．They complained that few could work effectively under stress．(stress)
Ⅲ．语境记短语
1．As long as you have a dream, keep trying and you'll make it (成功)．
2．Encouraged by his friends, Jack didn't lose heart (丧失信心) and kept on trying．
3．We'll have a barbecue tonight and you're welcome to come along (一起来)．
4．He suffered a serious injury that forced him to give up (放弃) his job．
5．A teacher should set a good example (树立好榜样) for students by behaving himself well at any moment．
6．Boys, however, use computers for homework and schoolwork only now and then (偶尔)．
7．It doesn't make sense (有道理) to buy the cheapest computer just to save a few dollars．
8．I listened to the programme and found they'd cut out (删掉) all the interesting stuff．
9．I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible．I hope my behaviour will make a difference (起作用)．
10．We don't have to keep these old chairs any more．Anyway, they are falling apart (破裂)．
Ⅳ．公式练句型
1．他说他成功的原因是勤奋而不是智慧。(rather than)
He said that it was diligence rather than intelligence that led to his success．
2．(2022·全国甲卷写作)通过共同努力，我们可以保护和恢复我们宝贵的海洋。(by doing ...)
By working together, we can protect and restore our precious oceans．
3．即使苏珊很恼火，她的声音仍然很平静。(even if引导的让步状语从句)
Susan's voice still remained calm even if she was getting annoyed．
4．今年来访的游客似乎少了。(seem to do)
There seem to be fewer tourists around this year．
5．为了让她受良好的教育，她的父母做了很多牺牲。(so that引导目的状语从句)
Her parents had made sacrifices so that she could have a good education．


1．honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 vt．尊重；以……为荣
[素养佳句](2021·全国乙卷写作)It's a great honour for me to stand here and address my speech titled “Be smart online learners”．
我很荣幸能站在这里发表我的题为“做聪明的在线学习者”的演讲。
(1)in honour of ... 为了纪念……
It's one's honour to do sth．某人很荣幸做某事。
(2)honoured adj．受尊敬的；感到荣幸的
——单句语法填空
①We celebrate Teachers' Day every year in honour of teachers．
②I feel honoured (honour) to be invited to give you a lecture on how to improve English reading ability．
——一句多译
我很高兴收到你的来信。我很荣幸能和你分享在我们学校体育锻炼的情况。
③I am very happy to hear from you．As for the physical exercise in our school, I have the honour to share it with you．(honour n．)
④I am very happy to hear from you．As for the physical exercise in our school, it's my honour to share it with you．(honour n．)
⑤I am very happy to hear from you．As for the physical exercise in our school, I feel honoured to share it with you．(honoured )
2．injure vt．使受伤；损害
[素养佳句]Last Saturday, I went fishing with my fellows, only to have my left foot injured．
上星期六，我和我的同伴去钓鱼，结果我的左脚受伤了。
(1)injured adj．受伤的；有伤的
the injured 伤员
(2)injury n．伤害；损伤
do sb．an injury/do an injury to sb．伤害某人
——单句语法填空
①(2019·天津卷)A war injury (injure) has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison．
②A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured (injure) and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train．
③The injured were sent (send) to hospital shortly after the accident．
——句式升级
My left foot was seriously injured, so I can't go with you as planned．
④With my left foot seriously injured, I can't go with you as planned．(with 复合结构)
3．determination n．决心；决定
[素养佳句]It's that kind of courage and determination that makes him such a remarkable character．
正是那种勇气和决心使他成为这样卓越的人。
(1)determine v．(使)下决心，(使)做出决定；决定；测定；确定；查明
determine to do sth．决定做某事 (动作)
determine that ... 决心/决定……
determine on/upon (doing) sth．决定(做)某事
(2)determined adj．有决心的；坚决的；坚定的
——单句语法填空
①(2021·浙江卷1月)Unfortunately we forgot to weigh them before taking out their insides, but I was determined to prove (prove) my point．
②(2019·天津卷)Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write (write) a book．
③(2021·浙江卷6月)He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination (determine)．
④She was a brave and determined (determine) girl with rich imagination．
⑤Determining (determine) where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival．
——句式升级
I am determined to perform well in the final exam, so I'm occupied in preparing for it．
⑥Determined to perform well in the final exam, I'm occupied in preparing for it．(过去分词短语作状语)
4．strength n．力量；体力；长处，优势
[素养佳句]Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up one's strength, but also develop one's character．
练中国功夫不但能增强体质，还能培养一个人的品性。
(1)build up one's strength 增强体质
strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点
(2)strong adj．坚强的；强壮的
(3)strengthen v．加强；增强；巩固
——单句语法填空
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength (strong) and flexibility?
②One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen (strong) new memories．
③As a good teacher, you should know your students'strengths (strength) and weaknesses．
——完成句子
④To build up our strength, we often hold all kinds of activities, such as playing basketball and table tennis, in the school gymnasium．
为了强身健体，我们经常在学校的体育馆组织各种各样的活动，例如：打篮球、乒乓球等。
⑤By participating in such activities, we improve our skills and strengthen our sense of cooperation．
通过参加这样的活动，我们提高了我们的技能，加强了我们的合作意识。
5．compete vi．竞争；对抗
[素养佳句]Life is like a long race where we compete with others to go beyond ourselves．
生活就像长跑，我们与别人竞争来超越自己。
(1)compete in 参加……比赛
compete with/against ...与……竞争
(2)competition n．比赛
(3)competitive adj．有竞争力的；竞争的
(4)competitor n．竞争者；对手
——单句语法填空
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition (compete)．
②We can't compete with/against them on price．
③(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Museums must compete for people's spare time and money with other amusements．
④I want to prove that I can be just as good as, if not better than, my competitors (compete)．
——完成句子
⑤We were so interested in the competition that we formed a group to take part in it．
我们对比赛如此感兴趣，以至于我们组成了一个小组参加比赛。
6．pretend vi．&vt．假装；装扮
[素养佳句]Don't pretend to know what you don't know．
不要不懂装懂。
pretend
——单句语法填空
①(2019·天津卷)So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading (read)．
②He would ask who we were and pretend not to know (know) us．
③Jim pretended to have solved (solve) the difficult problem and left the company．
④I had been lying to myself, pretending (pretend) that everything was fine．
——同义句转换
Tom pretended that he hadn't heard about the news, but in fact he knew it very well last week．
⑤Tom pretended not to have heard about the news, but in fact he knew it very well last week．
7．stress n．压力；紧张；重音 vt．强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi．焦虑不安
[素养佳句](2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)This talk show aims to help students release stress through relaxing talks．
这个谈话节目旨在帮助学生通过轻松的谈话来释放压力。
(1)lay/put/place stress on sth．把重点放在某事上；强调某事
under stress在压力之下
under the stress of为……所迫
(2)stress the importance of ... 强调……的重要性
(3)stressed adj．焦虑不安的；感到有压力的
(4)stressful adj．产生压力的；压力重的；紧张的
——单句语法填空
①(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport．
②If you feel stressed (stress) by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify those of greater and less importance．
③It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful (stress) society．
④When under stress, even a most gentle person can be bad-tempered and get angry easily．
——一句多译
老师经常强调勤奋在通往成功之路上的重要性。
⑤Teachers often stress the importance of diligence in the approach to success．(stress v．)
⑥Teachers often lay/put/place stress on diligence in the approach to success．(stress n．)
8．give up 放弃；投降
[素养佳句]Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up．
输掉比赛教会了他更加努力地练习，永不放弃。
give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交
give out 分配；分发；用光；筋疲力尽；发出(声音、信号等)
give off 放出；发出(光、热、气味等)
give away 泄露；赠送
——用give的相关短语填空
①I tried to persuade him to give up smoking, but failed．
②The children were required to give in their exam papers immediately．
③Bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won't give off waste gas．
④After two days, our food gave out, and we had to return to the camp．
——完成句子
⑤That weekend, we went to a nearby neighbourhood and gave them away to the people there．
那个周末，我们去了附近的一个社区并把它们捐赠给那里的人们。
9．make sense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
[素养佳句] It doesn't make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good．
这些便宜的大衣也很好，何必非买那件贵的不可。
make sense of 了解……的意义；懂得
make no sense 没道理；没意义
in a sense 在某种意义上
common sense 常识
in no sense 决不(用在句首时，句子用部分倒装)
There is no sense in doing sth．(口语)做某事是没有道理的。
——单句语法填空
①(2021·浙江卷1月)I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits．
②There is no sense in complaining (complain)．We should take action now．
③In no sense should you lose heart; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later．
——词汇升级
There are so many new words in the passage that I can hardly understand them at all．
④There are so many new words in the passage that I can hardly make sense of them at all．
10．make a difference有作用或影响
[素养佳句]Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish．
只有我们言行一致，才能对我们希望完成的事情有所突破。
(1)make a difference to 对……有作用/有影响
make some/no/little difference (to ...) (对……)有/没有/很少有作用或影响
(2)tell the difference (between ... and ...) 辨别/区分(……与……)
——单句语法填空
①(2022·北京卷)His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world．
②The twins are so alike; it's difficult to tell the difference between them．
——词汇升级
I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible．I hope my behaviours will work．
③I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible．I hope my behaviours will make a difference．
11．compare ... with/to ... 与……比较
[素养佳句] I regularly compare what I think with what others have thought．
我经常把自己的想法和别人的想法作比较。
(1)compare vt．比较；匹敌；比喻 n．比较
compare ... to ... 把……比作……
compared to/with ... 和……相比(通常作状语)
beyond/without compare 无与伦比
(2)comparison n．比较；对照；比喻
in comparison with 与……相比
——单句语法填空
①(2021·全国乙卷改编)Age is naturally a factor (因素) — only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to/with 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years．
②(2023·浙江卷1月)Compared (compare) to other alternatives, it's comfortable and relaxing．
③Comparing (compare) Chinese cultures with overseas cultures is a challenging job, but you will learn a lot from it．
——一句多译
比较不同品牌的质量，你就知道该怎么做出选择。
④Compare the quality of different brands and you will know how to make a choice．(祈使句)
⑤Comparing the quality of different brands, you will know how to make a choice．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
12．rather than 连接两个并列成分
[素养佳句](2022·全国乙卷写作)Therefore, students should spare more time for English reading rather than watching movies or listening to music too much．
因此，学生应该抽出更多的时间来阅读英语，而不是看太多电影或听太多音乐。
(1)rather than意为“与其；不愿；而不是”，连接两个并列成分，可连接名词、代词、介词（短语）、动词­ing形式及不定式。

(3)or rather更确切地说,other than除……之外,more than很，非常，超过，不仅仅
——单句语法填空
①You rather than I are (be) to make a speech at the meeting．
②Most men prefer to spend the weekends at home rather than go (go) shopping．
③Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to judge (judge) everything so harshly．
——一句多译
如果我不得不放弃其中一个，我会关掉电视而不是关掉我的手机。
④If I had to give up one of them, I would prefer to turn off the TV rather than switch off my cellphone．(prefer)
⑤If I had to give up one of them, I would rather turn off the TV than switch off my cellphone．(would rather)
⑥If I had to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cellphone．(rather than)

rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语及其附属成分时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
13．Sb．/Sth．seems/seemed＋不定式
[素养佳句](2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)The gentle breeze and singing birds seem to cheer for him．
柔和的微风和歌唱的鸟儿似乎在为他欢呼。
“Sb．/Sth．seems/seemed ＋不定式”是固定句型，表示“某人/某物看来……/好像……”，该句型可转化为It seems/seemed that ...。
含seem的相关句型，常用的还有：
It seems＋adj．/n．＋to do sth．看起来好像……
It seems as if/as though ... 看起来好像……
There seem(s) (to be) ... 看起来像……
——单句语法填空
①There doesn't seem to be (be) much hope of our beating that team．
②I seem to have left (leave) my book at home．
③It seems difficult to learn (learn) so many new words by heart in a short time．
——同义句转换
He seems to be fit for the present job．
④It seems that he is fit for the present job．

选词填空
positive; cheat; even if; work out; lose heart; come along; make it; now and then; cut out; fall apart; set a good example; failure
1．When the right opportunity comes along, take it．
2．The flight leaves in twenty minutes — we'll never make it．
3．With the Qing Dynasty falling apart, it was replaced by a new system．
4．She took good care of the public property and set a good example to all of us．
5．Now and then, little Jane climbed the hill to see the tree that she had planted with her father．
6．Two suits can be cut out of this piece of material．
7．If you cheat in the exam, you could hardly get away with it．
8．Please don't lose heart; you still have chances．
9．We students as well as our teachers work out in the school gymnasium every morning．
10．My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, even if he's in his nineties．
11．If you stay positive, you will have a shot at a silver lining．
12．He broke down as he thought of his failure to sell all his newspapers．

Ⅰ．语境猜词义
1．(2022·浙江卷1月)A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level with a capacity of 120 watts or higher ...n．健康
2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I don't have much use for it．vt．掌握
3．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements．See how awesome you are？n．优点，长处
4．(2019·浙江卷6月)They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England．They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends．n．传说
Ⅱ．一词多义
1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests, like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke．C
A．n．大事
B．n．比赛项目
C．n．公开活动
2．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport．A
A．n．压力
B．n．紧张
C．n．重音
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Even if David didn't get a good place, he was still happy．
即使大卫没有得到一个好名次，他仍然很高兴。
2．(2022·浙江卷6月写作)It also made me realise that our small act of kindness can make them feel warm and make a great difference to them．
这也让我意识到，我们小小的善举可以让他们感到温暖，对他们产生巨大的影响。
3．(2021·浙江卷1月写作)I'm honoured to be here to extend a warm welcome to you on behalf of our school．
我很荣幸能在这里代表我们学校向你们表示热烈的欢迎。
4．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷写作)Mr Liu often stresses the importance of learning English well, which has a great impact on me．
刘老师经常强调学好英语的重要性，这对我有很大的影响。
5．(2021·全国乙卷写作)When I am faced with difficulties in learning, I won't pretend to have known it, but turn to my classmates or teachers．
当我在学习中遇到难题时，我会向我的同班同学或老师求助，而不是不懂装懂。
6．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷写作)When I failed the exam last month and was in low spirits, she told me not to lose heart no matter what happened．
当我上个月考试不及格，情绪低落时，她告诉我不管发生什么事都不要灰心。

Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．It is essential that your diet (日常饮食) is varied and balanced．
2．His hard work finally paid off when he won a gold medal (奖章) at the Olympic Games．
3．I was fortunate in being elected captain (队长) of that team．
4．When the teacher found her cheating (作弊) in the test, Emily felt completely at a loss．
5．Some people find it difficult to master (掌握) Chinese and Western eating habits．
6．The girl replaced her brother as a volunteer to serve the sports events (比赛项目)．
7．Nowadays any country can take part if their athletes (运动员) are good enough．
8．At the end of the party, we thanked our host (主人) and went back home．
9．The world champion (冠军) finished more than two seconds ahead of his nearest rival．
10．His book reached an even wider audience (观众) when it was filmed for television．
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．As we all know, taking regular exercise is of great benefit to our physical fitness (fit)．
2．To make members of the team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their strengths (strong) and weaknesses．
3．We carefully compared the first report with/to the second one．
4．Firefighters run the risk of getting injured (injure) in a burning building to save people．
5．As we all know, failure (fail) is the mother of success, so we shouldn't be afraid of making mistakes．
6．When my mother came back, I pretended to have fallen (fall) asleep．
7．Determined (determine) to be ahead of others in studies, he works hard day and night．
8．The trapped miners didn't have enough water and food to make it through the week．
9．In order to be more charming and slimmer (slim), girls tend to go on a diet．
10．Several companies have announced their intention to compete for the project．
Ⅲ．补全句子
1．事实上每个人都有似乎诸事不顺的一段时期，因此你没有必要太担心。(主语＋seem＋不定式)
The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so you don't have to worry so much．
2．我们学校有两个操场和一个大体育场，即使下雨我们也有机会做各种运动。(even if)
There are two playgrounds and a big stadium in our school, which offer us an opportunity to do a variety of sports even if it's raining．
3．我们可以和来自其他学校的学生在世界青少年机器人技能竞赛中竞争。(compete)
We can compete with students from other schools in the World Adolescent Robotics Competition．
4．当他看见老师向他走来时，他打开了书，假装在看。(pretend)
When he saw the teacher coming towards him, he opened the book, pretending to be reading it．
5．我们将在教室里开会，而不是在大厅里。(rather than)
We will have a meeting in the classroom rather than in the hall．
课时质量评价(四)
必修第一册　UNIT 3
主题语境：体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神

Ⅰ．阅读理解
A
(2022·湛江模拟)Tobogganing, or sledding (雪橇), likely comes before the colonisation of North America．Records show that Canada's First Peoples used small sleds to transport their belongings and food between camps, Raymond Flower writes in TheHistoryofSkiingandOtherWinterSports．But modern-day sled races can trace their origins back to the Swiss Alps in the late 1800s when British tourists decided to race in wooden luges (a sled used by one person) that locals had used to travel through snow．The origin is debatable in snowy northern New York, however, where there's evidence that Albany held bobsled (a sled used by two or more people) races as early as 1885．
Wherever they began, sled races quickly became popular．The famous Cresta Run, named after the Swiss town near the base of its course, was built in 1885 using snowbanks．The first organised competition was in 1898, hosted by the first bobsled club in nearby St．Moritz (a city in Switzerland)．It was then that sledding began to separate from the luge to include two new sports: bobsledding, and skeleton sledding (俯式冰橇)．
Cresta Run is considered the birthplace of the skeleton, a particularly daring form of sledding．Unlike the luge, where competitors ride feet-first on a sled with metal runners, the skeleton sledding is a steel sled with a slim appearance．Riders lie down on the sled headfirst, then drop suddenly down an ice track．Bobsledding, meanwhile, involves teams of two to four in which the person in front controls directions and the player in back brakes when needed．It earned its name after competitors started swinging back and forth to speed up the sled．
Bobsledding initially overtook skeleton sledding in popularity, becoming one of a handful of sports played at the first Winter Games in 1924．The skeleton sledding was limited to the Cresta Run for decades because other bob runs around the world were not built for the steel skeleton sled．But in the 1970s, adjustments were made to both the skeleton and bob runs in order to include the event at future winter games．
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雪橇运动在瑞士的发展。
1．What can we infer about Raymond Flower?
A．He is a writer．
B．He is good at sledding．
C．He invented the sledding race．
D．He set the first record of sledding．
A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Records show that Canada's First Peoples used small sleds to transport their belongings and food between camps, Raymond Flower writes in TheHistoryofSkiingandOtherWinterSports．”可以推断出，Raymond Flower是一位作家。故选A。
2．How does skeleton sledding differ from the luge?
A．Skeleton sledding runs on metal runners．
B．Skeleton sledding doesn't have back brakes．
C．Riders on skeleton sledding sled with their feet．
D．Skeleton sledding needs players to lie down on it headfirst．
D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Unlike the luge, where competitors ride feet-first on a sled with metal runners, the skeleton sledding is a steel sled with a slim appearance．Riders lie down on the sled headfirst, then drop suddenly down an ice track．”可知，俯式冰橇与无舵雪橇的不同之处是俯式冰橇需要运动员在滑行时头朝下躺在上面。故选D。
3．What limited the popularity of skeleton sledding?
A．Its special shape．
B．Its speed．
C．Its steel runners．
D．Its unsuitable adjustments．
C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The skeleton sledding was limited to the Cresta Run for decades because other bob runs around the world were not built for the steel skeleton sled．”可知，俯式冰橇数十年来受限于克雷斯塔滑道是因为其他地方的雪橇滑道不适合俯式冰橇，因此限制了俯式冰橇的普及的是它的钢架。故选C。
4．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Why is sledding so popular?
B．How did sledding develop in Switzerland?
C．What are sledding adventures about?
D．How did people kill time in North America?
B　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的内容可知，文章介绍了雪橇运动在瑞士的发展，因此最佳题目是B项“How did sledding develop in Switzerland？”。故选B。
B
(2022·广州模拟)When you love working out, taking a break from exercise can seem a waste of time — there are training plans to follow and goals to be met．So, what's the problem? According to new research, excessive training can be damaging to mental well-being．
“The benefits of regular physical activity are well-established, but it's possible to have too much of a good thing，” says Janet, an expert at physical training．But how do you know if you're doing too much? “Over-exercising can mean training for too long or too intensely without enough rest for your personal limits，” she says．“Some of us may feel unable to stop．” Indeed, one research shows almost 40 percent of us feel guilty if we miss a workout and less than 59 percent regularly take a rest day．So should you be taking more time out?
By exercising beyond your limits, not only could you injure your body and reduce muscle mass, you could also end up feeling anxious, too．“Over-exercising can impact your mood, relationships and ability to function in other areas of your life，” warns Janet．“Exercise releases the stress hormone cortisol．For most people, this can help you better manage stress levels．Over-exercising, however, can lead to increased levels of cortisol in the blood stream which can lead to poor sleep, depression and problems with memory and concentration．”
Still not convinced? If you find it hard to put down your trainers, you're not alone．“Up to 10 percent of endurance athletes are affected by overtraining syndrome, with common effects including muscle soreness, persistent fatigue and even mental breakdown，” says Professor James．“In addition, over-exercising can stimulate hyper inflammation, which has a severe effect on brain health．” There is a simple solution, however．“It has been shown that exhaustion may be delayed almost indefinitely by frequent and regular short breaks，” assures James．
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了过度锻炼不仅对身体有害，还会损害心理健康，短暂休息一下可以缓解疲劳。
5．What is Janet's attitude towards excessive exercising?
A．Favourable． B．Tolerant．
C．Ambiguous． D．Disapproving．
D　观点态度题。根据第三段中的“‘Over-exercising can impact your mood, relationships and ability to function in other areas of your life，’ warns Janet．”可知，Janet不赞成过度锻炼。故选D。
6．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．Definitions of over-exercising．
B．Effects of excessive exercising．
C．Benefits of exercising with friends．
D．Approaches to reaching people's limits．
B　段落大意题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“By exercising beyond your limits, not only could you injure your body and reduce muscle mass, you could also end up feeling anxious, too．‘Over-exercising can impact your mood, relationships and ability to function in other areas of your life，’ warns Janet．”可知，本段主要讲述过度锻炼的影响。故选B。
7．Which statement would James most probably agree with?
A．Over-exercising can lead to severe stress problems．
B．Taking a rest from over-exercising could ease tiredness．
C．Brain health can be guaranteed by improving concentration．
D．Over-training syndrome is common for those who exercise regularly．
B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘It has been shown that exhaustion may be delayed almost indefinitely by frequent and regular short breaks，’ assures James．”可知，James认为过度锻炼后休息一下可以缓解疲劳。故选B。
8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．What is regular exercising?
B．Say no to extreme exercise
C．Take a short break from exercise
D．How to balance exercise and work
C　标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段中的“‘It has been shown that exhaustion may be delayed almost indefinitely by frequent and regular short breaks，’ assures James．”可知，文章介绍了过度锻炼不仅对身体有害，还会损害心理健康，短暂休息一下可以缓解疲劳，C项适合作为文章标题。故选C。
Ⅱ．语法填空
(2023·青岛模拟)Reducing the number of calories every day is the ticket to good health．It works in lab animals．It also works in human 1．beings (being)．The name of the method is “caloric restriction”．It increases the life length of animals．It even reduces their rate of cancer and other diseases 2．that/which happen as people age．Reducing calories usually 3．makes (make) a difference to young and middle-aged adults．
Researchers looked into 4．a group of healthy men and women aged between 21 and 50．Members of the group agreed to reduce calories for two years．They could eat the foods they wanted as long as they cut back 5．on the total amount of food they ate．They 6．were expected (expect) to cut calories by 25 percent by the researchers．Many could not do it．The average calorie reduction was twelve percent．That is a reduction of 7．approximately (approximate) 300 calories a day．But it worked．Those 8．practising (practise) calorie reduction lost weight and body fat．Their blood pressure fell a little．Fewer calories lead to better health．Does it lead to a longer life and 9．less (little) sickness? A doctor said the diet would have to last a long time 10．to find (find) out the answer to this question．Researchers would have to study people for a lifetime to know whether the diet keeps them well and alive longer．