2024版高考英语一轮总复习教材复习Unit3FoodandCulture教师用书新人教版选择性必修第二册

Unit 3 Food and CultureⅠ．词块记单词1．pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions 煎饼卷大葱2．at a minimum 最低限度；至少3．bean curd 豆腐4．in the university canteen 在大学食堂5．somewhat different from ...有点儿不同于……6．daily calories 每天的卡路里7．different categories of fresh foods 不同种类的新鲜食品8．be full of vitamins and fibre 富含维生素和纤维9．have higher quantities of sugar 含有大量的糖10．the ideal diet 理想的饮食11．a fundamental key to healthy eating 健康饮食的基本要点12．chew too quickly 咀嚼太快13．one trick to healthy eating 一个健康饮食的窍门Ⅱ．语境记单词1．Patricia looked beautiful and elegant as always．Her friends admire her elegance．(elegant)2．With the exception of the largest machine, the others are all exceptional at present．(exceptional)3．China is a huge market of consumption, and large groups of consumers usually consume too much food and water．(consume)4．We believe that only a stable and fully confident middle class will guarantee the stability and prosperity of the area．(stable)5．In Western countries, the number “thirteen” is usually associated with bad luck, but actually there isn't any association between them．(associate)Ⅲ．语境记短语1．The lecture will last from 8 a．m．to 11 a．m．, mainly consisting of (包括) three parts．2．Prior to (在……之前)  the Spring Festival, lots of activities will be well-prepared, such as making dumplings and sticking couplets (对联)．3．Recently, Shanghai began pushing construction to go hand in hand (齐头并进) with gardening．4．The delegates were served with (向……提供) a wonderful meal as soon as they entered the dining hall．5．Your notes are excellent materials to refer to (参考) when you are studying for a test．6．The club welcomes all new members regardless of (不管) age．7．In one study, researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of their conversation related to (与……有关联) happiness．8．My friend Lily is regarded as (被当作) a model in our class because she has done a great deal for our class．9．Her great courage and optimistic spirit contributed to (促成) our success．10．He sliced off (切下) a small part of the bread and gave it to another boy．Ⅳ．公式练句型1．我们确实希望今后有更多有意义的活动。(强调谓语)We do hope that there will be more meaningful activities in the coming future．2．他僵在那里，睁大眼睛看着这恐怖的场景。(形容词短语作状语)He froze on the spot, wide-eyed at the horrible scene．3．我花在学习上的时间是你的三倍。(倍数表达法)I spent three times as much time on my study as you did．4．对于孩子们来说，横穿繁忙的街道是很危险的。(It is＋adj．＋to do sth．)It is very dangerous for children to cross the busy street．1．association n．协会；关联[素养佳句] This exhibition was organised by the local government in association with several paper-cutting artists．这次展览是由当地政府联合一些剪纸艺术家共同组织的。(1)in association with ...与……合伙/合作(2)associate vt．联想；联系 n．同事；伙伴；合伙人 adj．副的；联合的；有关联的associate ...with ...把……和……联系在一起associate with sb．与某人交往/联系be associated with ...和……有关联(3)associative adj．联想的；联合的——单句语法填空①There has always been a close association (associate) between these two schools．②(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care．③Team leaders must ensure that all members get over their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated (associate) with making mistakes．——一句多译有很多严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。④There are many serious health problems which are associated with smoking．(定语从句)⑤There are many serious health problems associated with smoking．(过去分词短语作定语)2．quantity n．量；数量；数目，数额[素养佳句] Learning that you have a large quantity of experience in playing basketball, I'm writing to sincerely invite you to join our basketball club．得知你在打篮球方面有许多经验，我写信真诚地邀请你加入我们的篮球俱乐部。a large/small quantity of大量/少量的large quantities of大量的；许多的in quantity大量地——单句语法填空①With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of soil are being washed (wash) away now．②With more and more forests cut down, a large quantity of soil is being washed (wash) away now．③We can offer you a better price if you can buy it in quantity．——词汇升级Before the exam, I spent a lot of time in preparing for it．Otherwise, I wouldn't have succeeded in passing the exam．④Before the exam, I spent a large quantity of/large quantities of time in preparing for it．Otherwise, I wouldn't have succeeded in passing the exam．(1)a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词。(2)“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式与名词保持一致；“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。3．trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏[素养佳句] As an exchange student from America，I like eating dumplings．Would you please tell me the trick of making dumplings?作为一名来自美国的交换生，我喜欢吃水饺。你可以告诉我包水饺的诀窍吗？(1) 捉弄某人(2)trick vt．欺骗；欺诈trick sb．into (doing) sth．欺骗某人做某事trick sb．out of sth．骗取某人某物(3)tricky adj．狡猾的；棘手的——单句语法填空①At no time should we play tricks on others, because it is not polite to do so．②I was tricked into giving (give) the old man some money, which made me very upset．③It's a very tricky (trick) problem, but I think there are a number of things you can do．④(2020·江苏卷)This actor often has the first two tricks (trick) planned before performing, and then goes for whatever．——一句多译众所周知，在愚人节捉弄你的朋友们是可以被接受的。⑤As we all know, it is acceptable to make a fool of your friends on April 1st．(n．fool)⑥As we all know, it is acceptable to play a trick/tricks on your friends on April 1st．(n．trick)4．consist of由……组成(或构成)[素养佳句] All electronic computers consist of five units although they are of different kinds．电子计算机虽然种类不同，但它们都是由五个部件组成的。(1)consist of/be made up of/be composed of/be comprised of 由……组成consist in/lie in 在于……；存在于……(2)consistent adj．一致的；连续的be consistent in ...在……上一致be consistent with ...与……一致(3)consistency n．一致性——单句语法填空①(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent (consist) basis．②Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting(consist) of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers．③Life consists (consist) of not only sunshine but also hard times．④Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures．——一句多译由五家小工厂组成的这家公司正面临着严重的财政危机。⑤The company that/which consists of/is made up of/is composed of 5 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis．(定语从句)⑥The company consisting of 5 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis．(动词-ing形式作定语)⑦The company made up of/composed of 5 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis．(过去分词短语作定语)consist of为及物动词短语，但是没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。5．regardless of不管；不顾；不加理会(侧重指不计后果和代价)[素养佳句] Our club is open to everyone regardless of age, sex or educational background．我们的俱乐部对所有人开放，不管年龄、性别或教育背景。regardless of the fact that ...不顾……的事实in spite of＝despite尽管(后常接名词，不接从句)with regard to关于；至于——单句语法填空①Make the most of your strengths, and you can be successful regardless of which method you choose．②Despite her terrible illness, she works hard and succeeds in the scientific research field．③Dr Bethune continued working in spite of cutting (cut) his hand during an operation．——完成句子④Regardless of what others say, you shouldn't give up．不管别人说什么，你都不应该放弃。⑤With regard to his suggestions, we shall discuss them fully at the meeting to be held on Sunday．关于他的建议，我们将在周日举行的会议上充分讨论。6．形容词(短语)作状语[素养佳句] To our relief，the missing child returned home ten days later, exhausted but healthy．使我们欣慰的是，丢失的孩子十天后回到了家，筋疲力尽但很健康。(1)形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。(2)形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语所处的状态，即常和主语构成系表结构；如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。——单句语法填空①Excited (excite) and happy, we greeted the foreign guests at the entrance of the school．②Tired (tire) and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai．③It was a real race against time to get the project done．Luckily (lucky), we made it．——句式升级Because I was amazed at how skilful they were, I determined to be just as good．④Amazed at how skilful they were, I determined to be just as good．(形容词短语作状语) 选词填空chew; brand; slice off; prior to; calorie; contribute to; ideal; canteen; stuff; minimum1．Just slice off enough meat for your dinner and put the rest back．2．Many Chinese brands, having developed their reputations over centuries，are facing new challenges from the modern market．3．He managed to hold back his tears prior to entering his mother's flat．4．He didn't work hard, which contributed to his failure in the exam．5．No sugar for me, thanks — I'm counting my calories．6．After the operation you may find it difficult to chew and swallow．7．She stuffed two more sweaters into her bag．8．This difficult project would take three months at a minimum．9．The trip to Paris will be an ideal opportunity to practise my French．10．The survey found a wide variation in the prices charged for canteen food．Ⅰ．语境猜词义1．(2022·全国甲卷)Catamarans are faster, but they're not so elegant, and they're not fun to pilot．adj．精美的2．(2021·浙江卷6月)Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online．adv．有点，稍微3．(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai．adj．独特的4．(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal．adj．(食物)已切成薄片的Ⅱ．一词多义1．(2021·全国甲卷)And that's what mattered — landing tricks, being a good skater．AA．n．诀窍，技巧　　　 B．n．把戏C．n．诡计2．(2017·江苏卷)—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?—It's nothing．Just something off the top of my head．CA．n．基本特征；特质    B．v．填满；装满C．n．东西，物品，玩意儿D．v．(使)吃撑，吃足，吃得过饱Ⅲ．完成句子1．(2022·全国乙卷写作)It's urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline, and it's also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen the guidance．学生必须提高自律，家长和教师也要加强指导。2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)I do expectYouth can publish more classic works and have a promising future．我真的希望《青年报》能出版更多的经典作品，并且有一个美好的未来。3．(2019·浙江卷6月)But if he's out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses．但是，如果他每天都出去在那里努力打球，不管他的球队是赢是输，你都应该表扬他做出的努力。4．(2019·浙江卷6月)Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity．专家说，赞美的质量比数量更重要。5．(2018·全国Ⅱ卷写作)The short film tells about the development of our school．Now our new school is three times as large as what it was ten years ago．这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们新学校的面积是十年前的三倍大。6．(2018·浙江卷11月写作)Too worried and helpless, I have no alternative but to turn to you for help．由于太担心和无助，我别无选择只能向您求助。Ⅰ．单词拼写1．It is healthy to chew (咀嚼) food before you swallow it．2．The amount will be paid to everyone regardless (不顾) of whether they have children or not．3．He stuffed (把……塞进) the newspapers into a litter bin and headed down the street．4．Quantities (数量) of water have been polluted because the factory always pours waste water into the river．5．The two office buildings are somewhat (有点) alike in appearance．6．Literature can be divided into two main categories(类别): fiction and non-fiction．7．He couldn't join the army, because he was below the minimum (最低的) height allowed by the rules．8．Although he is famous all over the country, he is still quite modest (谦虚的)．Ⅱ．单句语法填空1．A medical team consisting (consist) of 10 doctors and 5 nurses was sent to the earthquake-stricken area．2．If the neighbours don't give any sweets，the children might play a trick on them．3．We are working in association (associate) with a number of local companies to raise money for the homeless．4．Being back with their family should provide emotional stability (stable) for the children．5．It's reported that an exceptionally (exceptional) big fire broke out at midnight in the centre of the city．6．The girl wearing a green coat looks more elegant (elegance) than her companion．7．The consumption (consume) of the resources on the Earth is increasing at an alarming rate．8．Nowadays the priority (prior) for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery．Ⅲ．补全句子1．我认为在他们的帮助下，在一周内完成这个项目是很容易的。(it is＋adj．＋to do sth．)I think it is easy to finish the project in a week with their help．2．这些仅是我的建议，但是选择哪一条路线该由你来决定。(it is up to sb．to do sth．)These are only my suggestions but it is up to you to decide which route to choose．3．在那时，我既沮丧又失望，不知道如何改变这种糟糕的情况。(形容词短语作状语)At that time, depressed and disappointed, I didn't know how to change the terrible situation．4．多亏了您的慷慨帮助，我现在的分数是从前的两倍。(倍数表达法)Thanks to your generous help, now I can get twice as many scores as before．5．因此，我的确从心底感激您的帮助。(强调谓语动词)As a consequence, I do appreciate your help from the bottom of my heart．课时质量评价(二十四)选择性必修第二册　UNIT 3主题语境：健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度Ⅰ．阅读理解A(2022·漳州模拟)We've all heard the saying “Life slows down the older you get，” but that's certainly not true for Joan MacDonald．The 75-year-old fitness influencer has accumulated an incredible following on social media, in part because she's chosen to actively reject the idea that aging robs you of your energy, focus and drive．In fact, MacDonald looks at movement as a “gift”，and whether you're hitting the gym five days a week, or just beginning your fitness journey — it's never too late to take advantage of what your body was meant to do．Get moving．“Just start with what you can，” MacDonald tells Guideposts．org when asked what her best piece of advice would be for seniors looking to get active again．“If you can only walk three blocks, start there．Over time aim to add another block．”And just because you're starting small, it doesn't mean that a short bike ride or quick stretch session isn't having an impact．The recommended amount of cardio (有氧运动)each day for most adults is 30 minutes, although even short bursts of movement can have a huge impact on decreasing the risk of being overweight, heart problems and other conditions．The key is consistency．MacDonald knows that the road to health isn't easy and sometimes, the struggle can seem impossible to overcome．She had to battle against years of bad habits and recondition her body to push against her imagined limits．She tries to keep her social media channels focused on the positive aspects of working out and eating better, always encouraging and uplifting her followers, and never judging their difficulties — or her own．It's that attitude that she says is key to staying active．“Focus on what is going right and well，” MacDonald says．“For me, I started my whole transformation because I wanted to feel better．I wanted energy to live my life! Now having my health, strength, and endurance is what keeps me committed．”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了75岁的琼·麦克唐纳努力让自己的社交媒体频道专注于锻炼的积极方面，总是用积极的态度鼓励和激励她的粉丝。1．What may contribute to MacDonald's having numerous followers on social media?A．Her attitude．　　 B．Her impact．C．Her strength．   D． Her journey．A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“She tries to keep her social media  channels focused on the positive aspects of working out and eating better, always encouraging and uplifting her followers, and never judging their difficulties — or her own．It's that attitude that she says is key to staying active．”可知，麦克唐纳的态度让她在社交媒体上有很多粉丝。故选A。2．What does MacDonald suggest to the seniors?A．They take advantage of what they want．B．They start working out with what they can．C．They get moving by doing what they need．D．They perform short movement as they like．B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘Just start with what you can，’MacDonald tells Guideposts．org when asked what her best piece of advice would be for seniors looking to get active again．‘If you can only walk three blocks, start there．Over time aim to add another block．’”可知，麦克唐纳建议老年人从他们能做的锻炼开始。故选B。3．What difficulties does MacDonald overcome in her fitness journey?A．Inspiring the followers and evaluating their troubles．B．Holding positive attitudes and keeping a balanced diet．C．Managing the social media channels and gaining views．D．Breaking bad habits and challenging herself to the limit．D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“She had to battle against years of bad habits and recondition her body to push against her imagined limits．”可知，麦克唐纳健身路上克服的困难是改掉坏习惯并挑战自己的极限。故选D。4．What lesson can we learn from Joan MacDonald?A．Prevention is better than cure．B．A light heart lives long．C．The nature of life lies in sports．D．Content is better than riches．C　推理判断题。文章讲述了75岁的琼·麦克唐纳努力让自己的社交媒体频道专注于锻炼的积极方面，总是用积极的态度鼓励和激励她的粉丝。再结合最后一段中的“For me, I started my whole transformation because I wanted to feel better．I wanted energy to live my life! Now having my health, strength, and endurance is what keeps me committed．”可知，我们可以从麦克唐纳身上学到生命的本质在于运动。故选C。BA recent study found that eating fish at least twice a week led to a 50 percent reduction in the risk that a child would develop asthma (哮喘) between the ages of 11 and 14 — but only if the children carried a certain type of the fatty acid desaturase (去饱和酶) gene, which is known to be associated with lower levels of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in the blood．The researchers suspect that a diet that contains plenty of fish, especially oily varieties such as salmon, sardines and mackerel, could boost long-chain omega-3 levels and may protect against asthma by reducing inflammation (炎症) of the airways．Of the children in the study with the gene variant (变体), the 25 percent who ate the most fish consumed at least 280 grams a week, equal to two adult-sized amounts．They had half the risk of developing asthma compared with the 25 percent who consumed the least fish — almost none．Seif Shaheen, senior author of the study, said: “It is possible that a poor diet may increase the risk of developing asthma, but until now most studies have taken ‘snapshot’，measuring diet and asthma over a short period of time．Instead, we measured diet and then followed up children over many years to see who developed asthma and who didn't．”The study followed two groups of children, about 4，000 in the southwest of England and about 2，000 in Sweden．The diet of the English children was assessed when they were seven and they were tracked until they were 14．Professor Shaheen said: “Although we cannot say for certain that eating more fish will prevent asthma in children, based on our findings, it would nevertheless be sensible for children in the UK to consume more fish, as few currently achieve recommended intake．”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最近的一项医学研究报告，吃鱼有助于降低患哮喘的风险。5．What is the possible effect of eating fish?A．To produce the fatty acid desaturase gene．B．To increase the long-chain omega-3 levels．C．To fight against inflammation of the airways．D．To reduce the levels of oily varieties in the blood．B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The researchers suspect that a diet that contains plenty of fish, especially oily varieties such as salmon, sardines and mackerel, could boost long-chain omega-3 levels”可知，鱼肉可以提高长链omega-3水平。故选B。6．How much fish does an adult eat a week accordingly?A．70 grams．     B．140 grams．C．280 grams．   D． 560 grams．B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the 25 percent who ate the most fish consumed at least 280 grams a week, equal to two adult-sized amounts”可知，25%的儿童每周吃至少280克鱼肉，而这是成年人的两倍。故可以推算出成人每周吃140克鱼肉。故选B。7．What is Shaheen's study different from most of the other studies?A．Most previous studies used cameras to do research mainly．B．Shaheen's study did research on more children than ever．C．Shaheen's study researched the children in a longer period of time．D．Most previous studies had different results from Shaheen's study．C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“but until now most studies have taken ‘snapshot’，measuring diet and asthma over a short period of time．Instead, we measured diet and then followed up children over many years to see who developed asthma and who didn't”可知，Seif Shaheen的研究与以前的大多数研究不一样的地方就在于其研究跟踪时间非常长。故选C。8．What can we know from Professor Shaheen's words?A．Eating fish is a good cure for asthma in children．B．The more fish we eat, the healthier we become．C．Children in the UK need not take more fish．D．A poor diet may contribute to developing asthma．D　推理判断题。根据第四段中Seif Shaheen说的话“It is possible that a poor diet may increase the risk of developing asthma”可知，他认为糟糕的饮食可能增加患哮喘的风险。故选D。Ⅱ．语法填空(2022·滨州模拟)Marialaura Bonaccio is an expert who studies the impact of a Mediterranean diet on the human body．“It's the combination of basic foods in a Mediterranean diet 1．that seems to keep physically healthy，” she says．Bonaccio notes that a very important difference in the Mediterranean diet lies in the use of red wine．While in other parts of the world alcohol 2．is consumed (consume) outside of meals, in a Mediterranean diet red wine is taken together with food．When wine is accompanied by food, it's absorbed into the bloodstream 3．gradually (gradual)．This safeguards the liver by holding it in the stomach 4．longer (long), and as a result, the body enjoys the benefits of wine without any negative impact on the liver．Seasonal foods with olive oil instead of other forms of fat, which is typical of a Mediterranean diet, is another reason for the diet's 5．protective (protect) impact on aging．Olive oil has proven 6．to lower (lower) the amount of bad cholesterol(胆固醇), which has 7．a positive impact on the body．In the end, a Mediterranean diet is part of the factors 8．contributing (contribute) to our physical health, but it takes 9．commitment (commit) to make them happen．Still, eat well and enjoy yourself every day in life, 10．and you will get a worthwhile reward．