中考语法：形容词的比较级和最高级知识梳理+配套练习

第五讲 形容词的比较级和最高级
【介绍】
比较级用在将一个人或物与另一个人或物进行比较时；最高级用在将一个人或物与其他两个以上的人或物进行比较时。
我们把通常在单词表里所见到的形容词，即不加比较等级的形容词，称为原级；形容词的比较等级有两种：比较级和最高级。
形容词比较级的构成：形容词 + 后缀 er 或more + 形容词。例如：taller或more beautiful。形容词的最高级构成：形容词 + 后缀 est或 more + 形容词。例如：tallest或most beautiful。

【用法】
（1） 形容词原级的用法
表示A 和B在某方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。
1)肯定句中的结构：“A…+ as +形容词原级+ as +B”，表示“A和B一样……”。
English is as interesting as Chinese.
2)否定句中的结构：“A …+not+ as/ so +形容词原级+as +B”，表示“A不如B……”。
The book isn’t so new as that one.
（2） 形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则
规则变化
类别
构成方式
原级
比较级
最高级

单音节词或
部分双音节词

一般直接加-er,-est
short
shorter
shortest
以不发音的e结尾,加-r,-st
cute
nice
cuter
nicer
cutest
nicest
以重读闭音节结尾，且词末只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音字母再加-er,-est
big
fat
hot
bigger
fatter
hotter
biggest
fattest
hottest
以辅音字母y结尾,把y变为i,再加-er,-est
early
heavy
earlier
heavier
earliest heaviest







heaviest
多音节词或
部分双音节词

在原级前加more,most
delicious
useful
slowly
more delicious
more useful
more slowly
most delicious
most useful
most slowly
不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
bad /ill/ badly
worse
worst
many/ much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther / further
farthest / furthest
old
older / elder
oldest / eldest
（2）形容词比较级的用法（用于两者之间的比较）
1）结构：A + 系动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + B
Sam looks younger than Mike.
This book is more interesting than that one.
Which shirt do you like better, the white one or the black one?
2）形容词比较级的特殊用法：在两者之中选择较为……的一个，在比较级前加the
the + 比较级 + of + the two + 名词
Amy is the taller of the two girls.
Of the two books, the one on the right is the better.
3）修饰形容词比较级的词：far（远），even（甚至），much（许多），still（更，还），a lot（许多），a little / bit（一点），rather（相当地），等等。例如：
She’s a little more beautiful than me.
My bike is much newer than hers.
4）表示“越来越……”：“比较级+比较级”或“more and more +形容词原级
It’s getting warmer and warmer when spring comes.
After a few moths training, he runs faster and faster.
5）表示“越……，越……”：the +比较级，the+比较级。
The more, the better.
The more water you drink, the healthier you are.
（3）形容词最高级的用法（用于三者及其以上的比较）
三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较，其中一个在某方面超过其他两个或几个时用最高级，形容词的最高级前一般要加定冠词the。
1）结构：A + 系动词 + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + 表示范围的短语或）从句
This is the largest dress in the shop.
Tom is the tallest boy of all the students.
Which is the biggest city, New York, London or Beijing?
2）形容词最高级的两个介词短语：of……，in……
of后的宾语与句子主语是同类的人或事物；而in后面的宾语是句子主语所在的范围。
The elephant is the largest of all the animals in the zoo.
解析：of后的all the animals与主语the elephant都是动物，属同类事物；in后的the zoo是主语the elephant所处的环境。
3）表示“最……的……之一”时，用“one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式。
Jay Chou is one of the most popular singers.
4）表示“第几(长、大、远……）”时，序数词后用形容词的最高级形式。
He is the second tallest boy in his class.
5) 在表达“某人的最……的……”时，最高级前省略定冠词the，即“某人的+形容词的最高级+名词”。
Sally is my younger sister’s best friend.

一、 单项选择
1. HUAWEI Mate 40 is _____________ of the three mobile phones.
A. expensive B.more expensive C.the most expensive
2. She is better at English than_____ in class.
A. any other student B.the other student
C. the one of any other student D. those of any other student
3. Which language is __________, English or Japanese?
A. diffulcult B.the difficult C. more difficult D. the most difficult
4.Jack is ____ in our group. Nno one studies harder than him.
A. harder B.thelaziest C.themost hard-working
5.Alice is_________ than her brother and sister.She never stops talking.
Aquiet B. quieter C.outgoing D. more outgoing
6.Protecing ourselves is one of __________ things we must do.
A. important B. more important C.most important D.the most important
7. ---Can you sister play tennis? ---Sure. She plays ____ I do.
A. as good as B.as better as C.well than D. as well as
8.The Changjiang River is ____________ river in China.
A.first the longest
B.the first long
C.first the long
D.the first longest
9._________ Tom comes back, _________ it will be.
A.The quicker; the best B.The sooner; the better
C.Faster; the better D.The sooner; better
10. The sweeping robots become ________ nowadays and we can save a lot of time.
A.more popular and more popular     B.more popular and popular
C.more and more popular D.popular and popular
11. The cleaner said, “______things we do,_____ environment we’ll have.”
More; better B.The more; the better C.Fewer ; The less D.The fewer; better
12. ---What do you think of receiving and giving gifts?
--- I think the art of receiving a gift is ______ than the art of giving．
A.much more difficult
B.very more difficult
C.much difficult
D.as difficult as
13、I can't get ________ because my family isn't ________.
A.money enough; rich （富有） enough B.enough money; enough rich
C.enough money; rich enough D.money enough; enough rich
14、Chinese becomes one of the world's ________.
A.the most important language B.the most important languages
C.most important language D.most important languages
15、---Canada is the second _______ country in the world.
---That is, it is larger than ________country in Asia.
A.larger, any
B.larger, any other
C.largest, any
D.largest, any other
16.—How old is your ________ sister?
—She is 17 years old. She is three years ________ than me.
A. elder; older B. old; older C. older; elder D. elder; elder
17.---The doctor told me ________ too much, but I find it difficult.
---The doctor is right. The less you drink, ________ you will be.
A.don't drink; the healthier B.not to drink; the healthier
C.not to drink; the more healthier D.don't drink, healthier
18、Shanghai is bigger than ____ in China and it is also bigger than ____ in the USA.
A.any other city, any city B.the other city, any other city
C.the other cities, any city D.any city, the other cities

二、句子翻译
1. 事实上，锻炼和学习一样重要。_____________________________________________________________________
2. Mary学习像Linda一样努力。
我认为我的书没有你的书有趣。
_____________________________________________________________________
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3. 对于年轻人来说，电脑比电视机更受欢迎，因为他们可以在电脑上玩游戏。
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4. 现在越来越多的人喜欢中文。中国文化（culture)在全世界越来越受欢迎。
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5. 幸福(happiness)与金钱不同，它比金钱重要得多。
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6. 熊猫是世界上最受欢迎的动物之一。
_____________________________________________________________________
7. 狂欢节（Carnival)是巴西（Brazil)最重要的节日（festival)之一。
_____________________________________________________________________
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8. 孩子们没有足够的时间做运动，所以他们变得越来越胖。
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9. 新房子棒级了，而且比旧房子大很多。
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10. 他得到的越多，他想要的就越多。
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11. 你越细心，你犯的错误就会越少。_____________________________________________________________________
12. 我越了解他，越喜欢他。_____________________________________________________________________