2023届四川省陕西省川陕名校高三联考（一）英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2023届四川省陕西省川陕名校高三联考（一）英语试题（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，其他应用文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届四川省陕西省川陕名校高三联考（一）英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
With international travel again on the table, picking a destination for your school trip abroad is exciting and probably a little daunting. Here we have selected a few of our top destinations to inspire you and help you narrow down your options. Through exposure to different cultures, students will gain a more comprehensive understanding of the world and an appreciation for other peoples’ ways of life, not to mention that traveling with your students can be one of the most rewarding and memorable experiences you can have.
Discover the many wonders of Prague
Known for its diverse architecture and world-class museums, Prague is consistently ranked as one of the most beautiful cities in the world. Unfolding among well-preserved castles, Baroque and Gothic cathedrals, medieval squares, and captivating bridges, a visit to Prague is guaranteed to be an eye opening and enriching school trip.
Be charmed by the many sides of Edinburgh
Edinburgh’s unique architectural charm is the perfect setting to engage students in history and culture. With a spectacular Gothic UNESCO-listed old town playing host to some of the most dynamic and varied art schools and community projects in the world, you can discover the ancient art of Scottish storytelling, visit unique local arts projects, dance the night way in a traditional Ceilidh (同乐会), and get involved with some fantastic charities.
Soak up the spirit of Liston
For students, Lisbon is the perfect setting for an exciting adventure that includes authentic Portuguese culture, fascinating architecture, and astonishing UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The Portugoese people love sharing their unique homeland, so be prepared to be greeted by a friendly smile from a local.
Get sustainability inspiration in Copenhagen
Well-known for being a multicultural center, Copemhagen ls across the globe for the innovative approach to sustainable living — from growing organic produce in many urban greenhouses to promoting cycling culture. This fascinating school trip destination is filled with the newest technologies, sustainable solutions, and symbolic architecture.
1．Which trip best suits art students?
A．Discover the many wonders of Prague.
B．Be charmed by the many sides of Edinburgh.
C．Soak up the spirit of Lisbon.
D．Get sustainability inspiration in Copenhagen.
2．What do the four destinations have in common?
A．The locals are all very friendly.
B．Students have an opportunity to visit natural sites.
C．Students can have a multicultural experience.
D．These trips allow students to get close to different architecture.
3．Who is the text intended for?
A．Educators. B．Students.
C．Parents. D．Visitors.

It’s a Saturday night, the kids are asleep and we have no plans. Before we fall into our routine and watch a movie, I try to talk my husband into playing a card game. Unconvinced, he continues tapping away on his phone. But just before disappearing into the social media rabbit hole, he has an idea. He looks over me and suggests, “Why don’t we try calling one of our friends?”
I look at him with raised brows, as if his suggestion is somewhat ridiculous and perhaps even socially unacceptable. You can’t just call someone out of the blue now…right? But then I think again and realize that at one point in time, in the not so distant past, this was the norm. I spent my early teenage years connecting with friends through a phone that was connected to a wall. It wasn’t “smart”, but it allowed me to keep in touch with the latest gossip and news. We would chat for hours, sometimes while I hid under my blanket in order to avoid the chance of being caught by my parents.
I could even memorize the phone numbers of loved ones then. While I did own an address book—and there was always the White Pages, where you could look people up by their names—I had the contact details of special friends, first loves and family members committed to memory. I guess these days, they would be on my “Favourites” list in my smartphone.
Today, many of ray “Favourite” people are followed from a distance through social media, and even they very rarely—if ever—would get an actual call from me. The birth announcement by my oldest friend is received through catching a well-defined bump into a photo that I scroll past The news of a divorce from a couple whom I had considered my second parents when I was in middle school arrives after a photo of a woman led me on a quest for more gossip. Bits of such information, a collection of wonderful, exciting, shocking and also boring news, may have been a part of my digital feed for years. The idea of actually picking up the phone to reconnect with a long-lost friend is an intimidating one—even seeing the name of an old friend pop up in an incoming call can make us have a panic attack.
I ask my husband, “Who would we call?” After tossing around a few names, we agree on some potential candidates—people whose lives have taken them in different directions, but with whom we still share deep friendships.
4．How does the author feel about her husband’s suggestion at first?
A．Surprised. B．Nervous. C．Motivated. D．Excited.
5．With the phone, the author’s teenage years was __________.
A．difficult but interesting
B．peaceful and meaningful
C．pleasant and unforgettable
D．inconvenient but enjoyable
6．What does the underlined word “intimidating” possibly mean?
A．Fresh. B．Scary. C．Thrilling. D．Natural.
7．In the following days, the couple may__________.
A．share more of their private information with others
B．contact more long-lost friends through social media
C．have more personal communications with their friends
D．add more friends’ names to the contact lists in their phones

On September 26, 2022, NASA successfully completed its Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission by intentionally crashing an unmanned spacecraft into the asteroid(小行星) Dimorphos. The goal was not to destroy the asteroid but to change its orbit. With the successful mission, NASA proved the concept that this technique could keep a potentially dangerous asteroid from crashing into Earth in the future.
Dimorphos is a small asteroid orbiting the larger asteroid Didymos. NASA noted that Dimorphos is not a threat to Earth, but because it passes relatively close to Earth, it was chosen as the target for the test mission. Although the intended crash should change the asteroid’s position slightly, it will add to a major shift over time. “If you were going to do this for planetary defense, you would do it 5, 10, 15, or 20 years in advance for this technique to work,” said NASA program executive Andrea Riley. “This is why we test. We want to do it now rather than when there’s an actual need.”
Asteroids can pose a significant threat to planet Earth. For example, around 66 million years ago, an asteroid around 6 to 9 miles across struck the Earth in what is now the Yucatan Peninsula. The resulting impact was so catastrophic that it caused one of the largest extinction events in Earth’s history. Therefore, DART’s success is an important step forward in protecting the planet from potential damage from an asteroid. This shows humans are no longer powerless to prevent this type of natural disaster.
The DART spacecraft was launched by NASA on November 24, 2021. It was accompanied by another craft called LICIACube, supplied by the Italian Space Agency, and separated from DART just 15 days before the crash. LICIACube remained in orbit around the asteroid and took photographs of the crash and material ejected (弹出) from the asteroid’s surface.
8．What is the purpose of the DART mission?
A．To change the orbit of Dimorphos.
B．To destroy Dimorphos completely.
C．To track potentially dangerous asteroids.
D．To stop Dimorphos from hitting the Earth.
9．Which of the following saying can describe the test according to Andrea Riley?
A．Bark up the wrong tree. B．Rob Peter to pay Paul.
C．Better late than never. D．Prepare for a rainy day.
10．What is LICIACube intended for?
A．Collecting rock samples from Dimorphos’s surface.
B．Keeping track of the crash test with some photos.
C．Providing additional energy for the DART spacecraft.
D．Increasing the force of crashing the DART spacecraft into Dimorphos.
11．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
A．To advocate a new space technique.
B．To introduce an preventative space mission.
C．To prove human determination to fight against asteroid disasters.
D．To explain the difficulty of protecting the Earth from asteroid strikes.

Like a tired marriage, the relationship between libraries and publishers has long been dull. E- books, however, are causing heartache. Libraries know they need digital wares, but many publishers are too cautious about piracy(盗版) and lost sales to co-operate. Among the big six, only Random House and Harper Collins license e-books with most libraries.
Publishers are wise to be nervous. Owners of e-readers(电子阅读器) are exactly the customers they need: book-lovers with money. If these people switch to borrowing e-books instead of buying them, what then? Electronic borrowing is awfully convenient. Unlike printed books, which must be checked out and returned to a physical library miles from where you live， book files can be downloaded at home. The files disappear from the device when they are due.
E-lending is not simple, however. There are lots of different and often incompatible(不兼容的) e-book formats, devices and licenses. Most libraries use a company called OverDrive, which secures rights from publishers and provides e-books and audio files in every format. Yet publishers and libraries are worried by Over Drive’s global market dominance(优势), as the company can control fees and conditions. Publishers were annoyed when OverDrive cooperated with Amazon, the world’s biggest online bookseller, last year. Owners of Amazon’s Kindle e-reader who want to borrow e-books from libraries are now redirected to Amazon’s website, where they must use their Amazon account to secure a loan.
According to Pew, an opinion researcher, library users are a perfect market for Amazon. Late last year Amazon introduced its Kindle Owners’ Lending Library, which lets its best customers borrow free one of thousands of popular books each month.
Library supporters argue that book borrowers are also book buyers and that libraries are vital spaces for readers to discover new works. Many were cheered by a recent Pew survey»which found that more than half of Americans with library cards say they prefer to buy their e-books.
So publishers keep adjusting their lending arrangements in search of the right balance.
Random House raised its licensing price’s earlier this year, and Harper Collins limits libraries to lending its titles 26 times.
12．It can be inferred from Paragraph 1 that ________.
A．several big publishers have sold e-books to libraries
B．most publishers are hesitant to cooperate with libraries
C．libraries are eager to keep strong relationship with publishers
D．libraries and publishers face the same problem of e-books’ piracy
13．Why are publishers worried that people will switch to electronic borrowing?
A．E-books must be checked out and returned to libraries regularly.
B．There is no time limit for the book files downloaded on the device.
C．There are lots of different and incompatible e-book formats available.
D．Book sales may drop sharply because of convenient electronic borrowing.
14．We can learn from the text that ________.
A．Amazon is adopting measures to win more customers
B．e-books can be lent at libraries as many times as you like
C．Over Drive distributes e-books and audio files to publishers
D．over half of Americans are borrowing e-boo from libraries
15．What is the best title for the text?
A．The Hopeful Future of Publishing Business
B．The Uncertain Economics of Lending E-books
C．The Dull Relationship between Libraries and Publishers
D．The Close Cooperation between OverDrive and Amazon


二、七选五
As human beings, our ability to predict and prevent trouble is one of those superpowers that set us apart from birds and beasts. 16
Dr. Michelle Newman, director of the Laboratory for Anxiety and Depression Research at Pennsylvania State University, presents some characteristics of out-of-control worrying, like focusing on things over which you have no control, or which have a low probability of happening, and “catastrophizing” them. Worrying about a loved one who’s driving and picturing the horrible consequences of an accident is one example. 17
Constant worrying and anxiety can increase your blood pressure and heart rate, which has been linked to a higher risk for cardiovascular (心脏血管的) diseases. Anxiety can also over activate your immune system. But isn’t there a benefit to lots of worrying? After all, if your mind is dealing with emergencies and potential threats, you can act now to prevent them, right?
18 “Mostly worrying becomes a process to itself that doesn’t lead to problem solving or helping you in any way,” she says. “If you’re worrying about something,” she says, “you’re not taking steps to address the source of your worry, if that’s even possible.”
In fact, worry is really a failure to live in the moment, Newman says. 19 Exercise, massage and other things that relieve physical tension are also helpful, she says.
20 Select a spot you can get to easily every day, but that isn’t a place where you normally spend time, Newman advises. Your goal is to give yourself 20 or 30 minutes a day in that space, devoted only to worrying. “The rest of the day, you tell yourself you aren’t going to worry because you will at that time and place,” Newman explains. “The idea is that by setting apart your worry, you can control it.”
A．That’s bad news for several reasons.
B．Unfortunately, Newman opposes this idea.
C．Activities like yoga that attempt to comfort your mind to the present may help.
D．Focusing on a favorite relaxing setting has also proven worry-reducing benefits.
E．But nonstop worrying can ruin your life and your immune system to some degree.
F．Imagining issues that might lead to your losing your job and your home is another.
G．Another great way to control your worry is to set aside a specific time and place for it.


三、完形填空
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success 21 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 22 in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no 23 of knowing that his life was to change 24 . The class experiment that day was to 25 how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. 26 , the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat 27 held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container 28 , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents 29 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 30 their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as 31 . He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 32 public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from 33 for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to 34 his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue 35 it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 36 Wilson made to preventing the 37 .
Wilson received several international 38 for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a 39 . He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 40 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens.
21．A．depends B．holds C．keeps D．reflects
22．A．dilemmas B．accidents C．events D．steps
23．A．way B．hope C．plan D．measure
24．A．continually B．gradually C．gracefully D．completely
25．A．direct B．show C．advocate D．declare
26．A．Anyway B．Moreover C．Somehow D．Thus
27．A．mistakenly B．casually C．amazingly D．clumsily
28．A．erupted B．exploded C．emptied D．exposed
29．A．deserved B．attempted C．cared D．agreed
30．A．submitted to B．catered for C．impressed on D．happened to
31．A．fantastic B．extraordinary C．impressive D．catastrophic
32．A．accomplished B．crucial C．specific D．innocent
33．A．deafness B．depression C．blindness D．speechlessness
34．A．decide B．abandon C．control D．accept
35．A．until B．when C．unless D．before
36．A．opposition B．adjustments C．commitment D．limitations
37．A．preventable B．potential C．spreadable D．influential
38．A．scholarships B．rewards C．awards D．bonuses
39．A．fortune B．recipe C．dream D．vision
40．A．distinguishes B．determines C．claims D．limits


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On Nov. 30, 2022, the AI and research company Open AI launched ChatGPT, 41 natural language processing tool driven by AI technology that allows you to have human like conversations and much more with a chatbot. The language model can answer questions, and assist you 42 tasks such as composing emails, essays, and code. Usage is currently open to public free of charge in its research and feedback-collection phase. As of Feb. I, there is also a 43 (pay) subscription version called ChatGPT Plus.
It’s certainly made a big splash, Sam Altman, OpenAI’s chief, said on social media that ChatGPT had more than 1 million users in its first five days after launching. In fact, according to analysis by Swiss bank UBS, ChatGPT is the 44 (fast) growing app of all time. In January, only two months after its launch, UBS analysis estimates that ChatGPT had 100 million active users. For 45 (compare), it took nine months for TikTok 46 (reach) 100 million.
Despite looking very impressive, ChatGPT still has limitations. “The primary problem is that 47 the answers ChatGPT produces have a high rate of being incorrect, they typically look like they might be good and the answers are very easy 48 (produce),” says Stack Overflow moderators in a post. Another major limitation is that ChatGPT’s data is limited to 2021. The chatbot does not have an awareness of events that 49 (occur) since then. 50 , some questions you ask it will lead to no results such as “Who won the World Cup in 2022?”


五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同学之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Years ago, I went to the American high school as an exchange student. In fact, the classes in the US are different from that in China. I found maths quite easily because maths teaching there used less advanced materials. Therefore, learning in English was a great challenge for me. I couldn’t fully contribute the class discussion. Fortunately, my teachers and classmates were helpful, from which gave me much encouragement. After schools, I joined several clubs. The one that attract me most was the Basketball Club when I was there. Now, I’m looking forward to visit the school again.

六、其他应用文
52．假定你是高三学生李华，很快就要离开母校。请你写一份毕业典礼发言稿，内容包括以下要点：
1.高中生活的难忘片段；
2.表达感激之情及美好祝愿。
注意: 1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当发挥，以使内容连贯。
Good morning, my dear teachers and fellow students.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．B 2．D 3．A

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个适合海外学校旅行的目的地。
1．细节理解题。根据Be charmed by the many sides of Edinburgh部分中的“With a spectacular Gothic UNESCO-listed old town playing host to some of the most dynamic and varied art schools and community projects in the world, you can discover the ancient art of Scottish storytelling, visit unique local arts projects, dance the night way in a traditional Ceilidh (同乐会), and get involved with some fantastic charities.(在联合国教科文组织列出的一座壮观的哥特式老城中，有一些世界上最具活力和多样性的艺术学校和社区项目，你可以发现苏格兰古老的故事艺术，参观独特的当地艺术项目，在传统的同乐会，并参与一些奇妙的慈善活动)”可知，Be charmed by the many sides of Edinburgh最适合艺术学生。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Discover the many wonders of Prague部分中的“Known for its diverse architecture and world-class museums, Prague is consistently ranked as one of the most beautiful cities in the world.(布拉格以其多样的建筑和世界级的博物馆而闻名，一直被列为世界上最美丽的城市之一)”，Be charmed by the many sides of Edinburgh部分中的“Edinburgh’s unique architectural charm is the perfect setting to engage students in history and culture.(爱丁堡独特的建筑魅力是吸引学生学习历史和文化的绝佳场所)”，Soak up the spirit of Liston部分中的“For students, Lisbon is the perfect setting for an exciting adventure that includes authentic Portuguese culture, fascinating architecture, and astonishing UNESCO World Heritage Sites.(对于学生来说，里斯本是一个令人兴奋的冒险的完美场所，其中包括正宗的葡萄牙文化、迷人的建筑和令人惊叹的联合国教科文组织世界遗产)”和Get sustainability inspiration in Copenhagen部分中的“This fascinating school trip destination is filled with the newest technologies, sustainable solutions, and symbolic architecture.(这个迷人的学校旅行目的地充满了最新技术、可持续解决方案和象征性建筑)”可知，这四个旅行都可以让学生接近不同的建筑。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Through exposure to different cultures, students will gain a more comprehensive understanding of the world and an appreciation for other peoples’ ways of life, not to mention that traveling with your students can be one of the most rewarding and memorable experiences you can have.(通过接触不同的文化，学生将更加全面地了解世界，欣赏他人的生活方式，更不用说，与学生一起旅行可能是你所能拥有的最有价值和难忘的体验之一)”可推知，这篇文章是写给教育工作者的。故选A。
4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者回忆少年时代与朋友打电话的快乐。但现在由于各种原因朋友们疏远了，所以丈夫建议与老朋友打电话沟通感情。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段话“I look at him with raised brows, as if his suggestion is somewhat ridiculous and perhaps even socially unacceptable.(我皱着眉头看着他，好像他的建议有些荒谬，甚至可能在社会上是不可接受的。)”可知，作者对于丈夫的建议表示很惊讶。故选A项。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段话“I guess these days, they would be on my “Favourites” list in my smartphone.(我想这些天，它们会出现在我智能手机的“最爱”列表上。)”可知，拥有手机使得作者的少年时代愉快而难忘。故选C项。
6．词义猜测题。根据文章第四段话“even seeing the name of an old friend pop up in an incoming call can make us have a panic attack.(即使是看到一个老朋友的名字突然出现在来电中也会让我们恐慌。)”可知，朋友的突然来电会让我们感到恐慌，拿起手机跟长时间不联系的朋友打电话也会有这样感觉。划线词与scary意思最接近。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第一段话“He looks over me and suggests, “Why don’t we try calling one of our friends?”(他看了看我，建议说:“为什么我们不试着打电话给我们的朋友呢?”)”以及最后一段话“I ask my husband, “Who would we call?”(我问我丈夫:“我们该给谁打电话?”)”可知，在接下来的日子里，这对夫妇应该会和朋友有更多的私人交流。故选C项。
8．A 9．D 10．B 11．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述美国国家航天局完成了让太空飞船撞击小行星的测试，成功使小行星偏转，这是世界上首次进行行星防御试验。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“On September 26, 2022, NASA successfully completed its Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission by intentionally crashing an unmanned spacecraft into the asteroid(小行星) Dimorphos.The goal was not to destroy the asteroid but to change its orbit.(2022年9月26日，美国国家航空航天局故意将一艘无人航天器撞向小行星Dimorphos，成功完成了双小行星重定向测试（DART）任务。目标不是摧毁这颗小行星，而是改变它的轨道)”可知，DART任务的目标是改变小行星Dimorphos的轨道。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段中““If you were going to do this for planetary defense, you would do it 5, 10, 15, or 20 years in advance for this technique to work,” said NASA program executive Andrea Riley. “This is why we test. We want to do it now rather than when there’s an actual need.”(“如果你要为行星防御做这件事，你会提前5年、10年、15年或20年，让这项技术发挥作用。”美国宇航局项目主管Andrea Riley说。“这就是我们进行测试的原因。我们希望现在就行动，而不是等到真正有需要的时候。”)”可知，Andrea Riley认为这项测试是提前为行星防御作准备，是未雨绸缪的行为。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“LICIACube remained in orbit around the asteroid and took photographs of the crash and material ejected(弹出) from the asteroid’s surface.(LICIACube留在小行星周围的轨道上，拍摄了撞击和小行星表面喷出物质的照片)”可知，LICIACube飞船的目的是用照片记录撞击试验。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据第一段“On September 26, 2022, NASA successfully completed its Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission by intentionally crashing an unmanned spacecraft into the asteroid(小行星) Dimorphos.The goal was not to destroy the asteroid but to change its orbit. With the successful mission, NASA proved the concept that this technique could keep a potentially dangerous asteroid from crashing into Earth in the future. ”（2022年9月26日，美国宇航局故意将一艘无人飞船撞向小行星Dimorphos，成功完成了双小行星重定向测试(DART)任务。目标不是摧毁小行星，而是改变它的轨道。随着这次任务的成功，美国宇航局证明了这种技术可以防止潜在危险的小行星在未来撞击地球。）可知，文章主要是介绍美国宇航局实施的一次成功的防止潜在危险的小行星撞击地球的任务。故选B。
12．B 13．D 14．A 15．B

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了电子借阅经济的不确定性。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“but many publishers are too cautious about piracy(盗版)and lost sales to co-operate.”可知，大多数出版商对盗版和销售损失过于谨慎，不愿与图书馆合作，故B项正确。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Electronic borrowing is awfully convenient. Unlike printed books, which must be checked out and returned to a physical library miles from where you live， book files can be downloaded at home.”可知，电子借阅非常方便，因此推断，出版商担心人们会转向图书借阅是因为图书销售可能会因为方便的电子借阅而急剧下降，故D项正确。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Late last year Amazon introduced its Kindle Owners' Lending Library, which lets its best customers borrow free one of thousands of popular books each month.”可知，去年晚些时候，亚马逊推出了Kindle用户借阅图书馆，让最优秀的客户每月免费借阅数千本畅销书中的一本，由此可知，亚马逊正在采取措施来赢得更多的客户，故A项正确。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文由出版商和图书馆的关系入手，介绍了虽然电子借阅很方便，但大多数出版商不愿与图书馆合作，拒绝授予图书馆电子书的许可，使电子借阅经济难以预料，也就是介绍了电子借阅经济的不确定性，故B项正确。
16．E 17．F 18．B 19．C 20．G

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作为人类，我们预测和预防麻烦的能力是将我们与鸟类和野兽区分开来的超能力之一，但是无休止的担忧会在一定程度上毁掉你的生活和免疫系统。文章介绍了一些有助于缓解焦虑的方法。
16．根据上文“As human beings, our ability to predict and prevent trouble is one of those superpowers that set us apart from birds and beasts.(作为人类，我们预测和预防麻烦的能力是将我们与鸟类和野兽区分开来的超能力之一)”结合后文说明了过度担忧带来的问题，可知本句与上文构成转折关系，故E选项“但是无休止的担忧会在一定程度上毁掉你的生活和免疫系统”符合语境，故选E。
17．根据上文“Worrying about a loved one who’s driving and picturing the horrible consequences of an accident is one example.(一个例子是，担心一个正在开车的爱人，想象一场事故的可怕后果)”可知，上文提到了想象，F选项中Imagining对应上文中picturing。故F选项“想象可能导致你失去工作和房子的问题是另一个问题”符合语境，列举了两个具体的例子。故选F。
18．根据上文“After all, if your mind is dealing with emergencies and potential threats, you can act now to prevent them, right?(毕竟，如果你一直在思考应对突发状况和潜在威胁，你就可以未雨绸缪，防患于未然，不是吗？)”以及后文““Mostly worrying becomes a process to itself that doesn’t lead to problem solving or helping you in any way,” she says. “If you’re worrying about something,” she says, “you’re not taking steps to address the source of your worry, if that’s even possible.”(她说：“大多数情况下，担忧只停滞于这一过程本身，并不能使问题得到解决，也不能在任何方面对你有所帮助。”她说。“如果你正在担忧某件事，那并不表示你在采取措施解决问题，即使这个问题可能确实存在解决办法。”)”可知，后文主要说明了纽曼反对人们采取行动来预防，与上文是转折关系，故B选项“不幸的是，纽曼反对这个想法”符合语境，故选B。
19．根据后文“Exercise, massage and other things that relieve physical tension are also helpful, she says.(她说，锻炼、按摩和其他可以缓解身体紧张的事情也很有帮助)”可知，后文提到锻炼等活动可以缓解身体紧张，故C选项“像瑜伽这样试图安慰你当下的心灵的活动可能会有帮助”符合语境，故选C。
20．根据后文“Select a spot you can get to easily every day, but that isn’t a place where you normally spend time, Newman advises. Your goal is to give yourself 20 or 30 minutes a day in that space, devoted only to worrying. “The rest of the day, you tell yourself you aren’t going to worry because you will at that time and place,” Newman explains. “The idea is that by setting apart your worry, you can control it.”(选择一个你每天都能轻松到达的地方，但这不是你通常花时间去的地方，Newman建议。你的目标是每天给自己20到30分钟的时间，专注于担忧。“剩下的时间里，你告诉自己不用担心，因为到时候你会担心的，”纽曼解释道。“这个想法是说，通过把你的担忧分开，你可以控制它。”)”可知，本段的主旨是给焦虑留出特定的时间和地点来缓解，故G选项“另一个控制焦虑的好方法是为它留出一个特定的时间和地点”符合语境，故选G。

21．A 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．B 30．D 31．D 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．B 36．C 37．A 38．C 39．D 40．B

【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意外，威尔逊失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉我们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. depends依靠；B. holds握，持有；C. keeps保持；D. reflects反映。结合空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on：取决于。故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. dilemmas进退两难的处境；B. accidents意外事故；C. events事，事件；D. steps脚步，步骤。结合文章最后一句“He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 55 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what happens(发生的事)。故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. way方法，方式；B. hope希望；C. plan计划；D. measure措施。John Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。故选A。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. continually不断地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. gracefully优雅地；D. completely完全地。结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这“完全”改变了他的生活。故选D。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A. direct指导，引导；B. show展示；C. advocate提倡，倡导；D. declare宣布。那天的课堂实验的目的是“展示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. Anyway无论如何，不管怎样；B. Moreover而且；C. Somehow不知怎么地；D. Thus因此。不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. mistakenly错误地；B. casually随意地；C. amazingly令人惊奇地；D. clumsily笨拙地。老师“误”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。A. erupted爆发，喷出；B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied腾空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. deserved值得，应得，应受；B. attempted试图，尝试；C. cared关心，在乎； D. agreed同意。孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要“试图”找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。故选B。
30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to提交，服从……；B. catered for迎合；C. impressed on给……留下印象；D. happened to发生。这场事故“发生”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A. fantastic极好的；B. extraordinary不同寻常的；C. impressive给人深刻印象的；D. catastrophic灾难性的，毁灭性的。根据上文his parents 44 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 45 their lives.以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知，威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是“灾难性的”。故选D。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A. accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B. crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C. specific特定的，具体的；D. innocent无辜的，天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。结合该句中的not only…but also…可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。选项中只有A选项表达此意。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A. deafness聋，听力不佳；B. depression沮丧；C. blindness瞎；D. speechlessness哑口无言。结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the   51 Wilson made to preventing the 52 ”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decide决定；B. abandon抛弃；C. control控制；D. accept接受。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as    46 . He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 47 public speaker”可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事实。故选D。
35．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until直到；B. when在……情况下，当……时候；C. unless如果不；D. before在……之前。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。when表示“在……情况下”。故选B。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。A. opposition反对；B. adjustments调整，调节；C. commitment奉献，投入；D. limitations限制。根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的“奉献”，很多人恢复了视力。该空和53空后的great contributions呼应。故选C。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都能够恢复视力了。A. preventable可预防的，可阻止的；B. potential潜在的，有潜力的；C. spreadable(黄油等)容易被涂开的；D. influential有影响力的。结合空前的prevent可知，威尔逊努力地去预防“可以预防的”情况。故选A。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships奖学金；B. rewards奖励，回报；C. awards奖，奖品；D. bonuses红利，津贴。因为他的巨大贡献，威尔逊获得了几个国际“大奖”。故选C。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他失明了，但找到了"眼力“”。A. fortune运气，财富；B. recipe食谱，秘诀；C. dream梦，梦想；D. vision视野。根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的“眼界”开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故选D。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。A. distinguishes区分，辨别；B. determines决定；C. claims宣称；D. limits限制。结合第一段中的“Success 36 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 37 in our lives”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情“决定”我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活。故选B。

41．a 42．with 43．paid 44．fastest 45．comparison 46．to reach
47．although/though/while 48．to produce 49．have occurred 50．Therefore

【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了ChatGPT的作用，目前情况以及局限性。
41．考查冠词。句意：2022年11月30日，人工智能和研究公司Open AI推出了ChatGPT，这是一种由人工智能技术驱动的自然语言处理工具，可以让你与聊天机器人进行像人类一样的对话。分析句子结构可知，tool是可数名词，句中用的是单数，所以前应用不定冠词修饰，natural为辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。
42．考查介词。句意：语言模型可以回答问题，并帮助您完成诸如编写电子邮件、论文和代码等任务。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：assist sb with sth意为“协助某人做某事”。故填with。
43．考查形容词。句意：截至2月1日，ChatGPT Plus还有一个付费订阅版本。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，pay的形容词形式是paid。故填paid。
44．考查副词。句意：事实上，根据瑞士银行瑞银的分析，ChatGPT是有史以来增长最快的应用程序。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的形容词，应该用副词修饰，根据句意，此处表达“最快地”之意，用最高级。故填fastest。
45．考查名词。句意：相比之下，TikTok用了9个月的时间才达到1亿。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：for comparison意为“用于比较”。故填comparison。
46．考查非谓语动词。句意：相比之下，TikTok用了9个月的时间才达到1亿。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定句型：it took+时间+to do sth。意为“花时间做某事”。故填to reach。
47．考查状语从句。句意：Stack Overflow的版主在一篇帖子中说:“主要问题是，尽管ChatGPT生成的答案错误率很高，但它们通常看起来可能很好，而且答案很容易生成。”分析句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，根据句意，表达“尽管”之意，应用although或者though或者while引导让步状语从句。故填although或者though或者while。
48．考查非谓语动词。句意：Stack Overflow的版主在一篇帖子中说:“主要问题是，尽管ChatGPT生成的答案错误率很高，但它们通常看起来可能很好，而且答案很容易生成。”分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：be+adj. to do sth. 意为“做某事是怎么样的”。故填to produce。
49．考查动词时态。句意：聊天机器人不知道此后发生的事件。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以occur作本句谓语，根据标志词since可知，用现在完成时。故填have occurred。
50．考查副词。句意：因此，你问的一些问题会导致没有结果，比如“谁赢得了2022年的世界杯？”分析句子结构可知，前句后“some questions you ask it will lead to no results such as “Who won the World Cup in 2022?””之间是因果关系，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Therefore。
51．1. the → an
2. that → those
3. easily → easy
4. teaching → taught
5. Therefore → However
6. contribute后加to
7. 删除from
8. schools → school
9. attract → attracted
10. visit → visiting
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述去年我作为交换生去美国学习和生活中发生的事情。
【详解】1. 考查冠词。句意：去年，我作为交换生去了一所美国的高中。文章第一次提到美国的某个学校，应使用不定冠词修饰。American的首个音素为元音，所以应用不定冠词an，故将the改成an。
2. 考查代词。句意：事实上，美国的课程与中国的不同。本句中those指代前面的复数名词classes。课程 classes为可数名词复数，故将that改为those。
3. 考查形容词。句意：我发现在那里数学很容易，因为美国的数学教材不那么先进。根据成分可知，此处用形容词easy作宾语补足语。故将easily改为easy。
4. 考查非谓语。句意同上。分析句子，because后为原因状语从句，从句主语为maths，谓语为used，maths与动词teach为动宾关系，teach与used之间没有并列词连接，所以teach不是谓语，此处为非谓语动词，用过去分词taught作后置定语。故将teach改为taught。
5. 考查副词。句意：然而，学习英语对我来说是一个巨大的挑战。根据上文内容可知，我觉得数学很容易，结合下文“learning in English was a great challenge for me”，所以此处是拿学英语和学数学做对比，逻辑上为转折关系，非因果关系，副词however“然而”表示转折，符合题意，故将Therefore改为However。
6. 考查固定搭配。句意：我不能完全参与课堂讨论。contribute to是固定搭配，意为“有助于，促成”，后接the class discussion表示“讲话，发表意见”，故contribute后面添加to。故添加to。
7. 考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，which在定语从句中作主语，先行词为前面“老师和同学们都很乐于助人的”这件事，所以删除which前面的from。故删除from。
8. 考查名词单复数。句意：放学后，我加入了几个俱乐部。after school是固定搭配，表示“放学后”。故将schools改为school。
9. 考查动词时态。句意：最吸引我的是我在那里的篮球俱乐部。通读全文可知，这里描述的是过去的事，所以要用一般过去时。故将attract改为attracted。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，我很期待再次到访这所学校。look forward to doing sth.意为“期待做某事”，to是介词，其后跟动名词。故将visit改为visiting。
52．Dear teachers and my fellow students,
How time flies! Before long, we will graduate from this school and we’ll go to separate universities. It is my great honor to be here to make a speech on behalf of all at this commencement.
Looking back on the old days, I can still remember we were quite curious about everything when we first met. And I like the spring outing best, as we were so delighted to be exposed to nature. Additionally, what impresses me most is the time when we are completely absorbed in preparing for the college entrance examination. Tired but determined, we are fighting for our dream without any hesitation.
Words fail me when I want to express my gratitude for the care and love from you. I sincerely hope that after graduation our friendship will last forever.
That’s all. Thank you!
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一份毕业典礼发言稿，内容包括以下要点:
1.高中生活的难忘片段；
2.表达感激之情及美好祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
代表：on behalf of→representing
高兴的：delighted→ happy
全神贯注于：be absorbed in→be immersed in
感激：gratitude→ thank
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Looking back on the old days, I can still remember we were quite curious about everything when we first met.
拓展句：When I look back on the old days, I can still remember we were quite curious about everything when we first met.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Looking back on the old days, I can still remember we were quite curious about everything when we first met.（运用了现在分词作状语以及when引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】Additionally, what impresses me most is the time when we are completely absorbed in preparing for the college entrance examination.（运用了what引导主语从句以及when引导定语从句）