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【备战2024年高考】英语 （全国通用版）2023年全国甲卷阅读理解ABCD（真题透析+变式训练）试卷
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这是一份【备战2024年高考】英语 （全国通用版）2023年全国甲卷阅读理解ABCD（真题透析+变式训练）试卷，共22页。试卷主要包含了充分利用并列成分， elegant adj， atmsphere n， appreciate v， extremely adv等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年全国甲卷阅读理解ABCD 真题透析+变式训练
第一部分
命题分析+秒选技能
第二部分
真题评析(真题呈现+全解全析+阅读高频词+长难句回顾)
第三部分
真题变式练
命题分析
阅读理解文章体裁可以分为：应用文 记叙文 说明文 议论文
虽然阅读理解的材料内容千变万化，但考试中的考查方式是有限的，只要能够掌握以下几种主要类型题目的阅读技巧，那么阅读理解拿高分，甚至拿满分就是可以做到的了。
阅读理解题的速选技能，需要结合下面几种题型：主旨大意题，细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题。
近三年高考阅读理解题，细节题占有较大比例，难度一般不大，答案大都可以从文章中直接找到依据；推理判断题呈不断上升的趋势，且已由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查考生对英语语言的理解能力，因此难度比往年有所增加；主旨题的考查占有十分重要的位置，一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题、标题或目的设题，这类题目考查的范围是基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等；词义题所要求的词或词组往往是熟词新意，有的是中学课本中没出现过的，仅考查词或短语在该篇短文中的含义；观点态度题也在高考中有所体现。
秒选技能
词汇层面——巧跨生词障碍:
在阅读过程中，对于无关紧要的词汇要学着“跳过去”，比如人名、地名、组织名等。对影响阅读质量、影响解题的关键生词要“猜出来”。
句意层面——巧破长难句型
对于阅读中设题处的长难句要学会分析。分析长难句的核心技法是根据五种基本句式摘出句子主干——主谓(宾)，特别注意：
1.一个句子有且只有一个谓语，如果一个句子有了两个或两个以上的谓语，则必有连词或从句的出现；
2.去除所有修饰成分，包括介词短语、非谓语动词、从句等；
3.充分利用并列成分。
语篇层面——熟悉体裁特点
不同类型的语篇有不同的(命题)特点。考虑语篇，要考虑语篇的体裁、发展线索、框架结构、语篇的立论句等。
解题层面——知晓选项特征
阅读理解正确选项往往通过同义改写、抽象概括、原词复现、正话反说等方式转化而来，而错误选项通常具有张冠李戴、无中生有、偷换概念、正误参半等方式而对考生形成干扰。
（一） 细节理解题
在考查形式上分为两种：细节查找题与细节推理题。
1. 细节查找题：比较简单，只要能看懂文章，从文章中找到问题定位的关键词句，就可以顺利解题。
2. 细节推断题：需要借助同义词转换，概念解析，归纳事实等方法对原文信息进行变换，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别。
（二）推理判断题
这是阅读理解的重难点所在，考查形式也多种多样，除了细节理解，还有结局趋势预测题，文章来源推测题，作者态度观点推测题。
1. 阅读全文，理解文章大意：具体可以参考主旨大意题的解题步骤，切忌主观臆断，常识经验来代替文章内容或观点。
2. 避免误入命题陷阱：第一类陷阱是把第一类陷阱是把原文中的关键词或限定词去掉或用其他词进行替换。比如把张三当李四，把部分当全部，把否定当肯定，把将来发生当成已经发生等。第二类陷阱是在选项中设置一些与问题无关的干扰项。这些干扰项本身可能是文章中的原句，但是与问题无关；或者这些选项内容本身符合常识，但是作者在文中没有提及或者与作者观点不符。
（三）词义猜测题
这种类型的题，主要分为以下三种：
1. 猜测某个词、词组、句子的意义；
2. 对文中的多义词或词组进行定义；
3. 判断某个代词的指代的对象。
这类题型应在精读中应当注意：
1.分析长难句。
2.注意熟词生义，一词多义。
（四）主旨大意题
分为两种：一种是要求归纳标题，另一种是归纳段落大意或者文章中心思想。
1. 注意文章的首句和尾句，以及therefore, thus, but, however, in short这些很可能提示文章主旨的词语。
2. 分段概括大意，逐项排除最终确定答案。需要注意避免出现概括不够，如：以偏概全，过度解读等人为的主观臆断性错误。
真题呈现
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2023年全国甲卷）A篇阅读理解 应用文
Where to Eat in Bangkok
Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options. Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.
Nahm
Offering Thai fine dining. Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary (烹饪的) experiences. It’s the only Thair restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the word’s 50 best restaurants list. Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his Loodon-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
Issays Stamese Club
Issaya Siamese Club is intematoionally known Thai chef lan Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant. The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
Bo. tan
Bo. tan has been making waves in Bangkok’s culinary sence since it opened in 2009. Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots, yet still manages to add a special twist. This place is good for a candlelit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food. For those extremely hungry there’s a large set menu.
Gaggan
Earning first place on the lates “Asia’s 50 best restaurants” list, progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues(场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary theater at its best.
21．What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common?
A．They adopt modern cooking methods. B．They have branches in London.
C．They have top-class chefs. D．They are based in hotels.
22．Which restaurant offers a large set menu?
A．Gaggan. B．Bo. tan. C．Issaya Siamese Club. D．Nahm.
23．What is special about Gaggan?
A．It hires staff from India. B．It puts on a play every day.
C．It serves hard-to-find local dishes. D．It shows the cooking process to guests.
全解全析
【篇章解读】本文是应用文。介绍了一些关于从哪里开始你的曼谷美食之旅的建议。
21．【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据小标题Nahm下的段落中“Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his Loodon-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010. (主厨大卫·汤普森(David Thompson)在伦敦的同名泰国餐厅获得了米其林一星，他于2010年在大都会酒店开设了这家分店)”以及小标题Issays Stamese Club下的段落中“Issaya Siamese Club is intematoionally know Thai chef lan Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant. (Issaya Siamese Club是国际知名的泰国厨师lan Kittichai的第一家曼谷旗舰餐厅)”可知，Nahm和Issaya Siamese Club的共同之处是他们都有一流的厨师。故选C项。
22．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据小标题Bo. tan下的段落中“For those extremely hungry there’s a large set menu. (对于那些极度饥饿的人来说，这里有一份很大的套餐)”可知，Bo. tan提供大型套餐。故选B项。
23．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据小标题Gaggan下的段落中“The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. (在这座两层殖民时期的泰国住宅中，最好的桌子有一扇通往厨房的窗户，在那里你可以看到Gaggan厨师和他的员工在工作)”可知，Gaggan的特别之处是它向客人展示了烹饪过程。故选D项。
阅读高频词
1. desirable adj. 令人向往的，值得拥有的；可取的；性感的
2. destination n. 目的地，终点，目标
3.option n. 可选择的事物；选择，选择权；（将来的）买卖选择权利，期权；（计算机程序
4,adventure n. 冒险（经历），奇遇；冒险的刺激，冒险欲；<古>生意
5. elegant adj. （人）高雅的，举止优雅的；精美的，雅致的；简练的，巧妙的
6. atmosphere n. （包围地球或其他行星的）大气，大气层；（房间或其他场所内的）空气；气氛，环境；情调，感染力
7. appreciate v. 欣赏，鉴赏；理解，明白；感谢，感激；升值，增值
8. extremely adv. 极度，非常
9. progressive adj. 进步的，先进的；逐步发生的，逐步发展的；向前移动的；（音乐）现代的，新潮的
10. at one’s best 处于最佳状态
长难句回顾
1. It’s the only Thair restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the word’s 50 best restaurants list.
【句意】这是唯一一家进入全球50家最佳餐厅榜单前10名的泰国餐厅。
【解析】本句是it is… that…的强调句，对主语进行强调。
2. The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary theater at its best.
【句意】在这座两层殖民时期的泰国住宅中，最好的桌子有一扇通往厨房的窗户，在那里你可以看到Gaggan厨师和他的员工在工作。最好的烹饪剧场。
【解析】本句是where引导的定语从句。
（2023年全国甲卷）B 篇 阅读理解 记叙文
真题呈现
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Terri Boltonis a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £ 5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”
Terri, who now rents abhouse with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures. So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around £ 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.
24．Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1?
A．An artist. B．A winner. C．A specialist. D．A pioneer.
25．Why did Terri’s grandfather give her £ 5 a day?
A．For a birthday gift. B．As a treat for her work.
C．To support her DIY projects. D．To encourage her to take up a hobby.
26．How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented?
A．By making it look like before. B．By furmishing it herself.
C．By splitting the rent with a roommate. D．By cancelling the rental agreement.
27．What trend in DIY does the research show?
A．It is becoming more costly. B．It is getting more time-consuming.
C．It is turning into a seasonal industry. D．It is gaining popularity among females.
全解全析
【篇章解读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一位DIY高手Terri Boltonis的技能以及DIY项目可能会在女性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。
24．【答案】C
【解析】词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. (她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此处指Terri Boltonis是一位DIY高手。C项“A specialist (一位专业人员)”最接近画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C。
25．【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £ 5 in pocket money. (她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商Derek Lloyd。从六岁起，现年26岁的Terri就在学校放假期间陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英镑零花钱的奖励)”以及“It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills. (这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲)”可推知，Terri的祖父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选B。
26．【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out. (所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的)”可推知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故选A。
27．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“the research shows it is women now leading the charge (研究表明，现在是女性主导了这项运动)”可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D。
阅读高频词
1. DIY (do-it-yourself) 自己动手做
2. skilled adj. 有技能的;技术高超的
3. put up安装，搭建
4. credit to sb/sth for sth/to sth. 把...归功于...(因为...)
5. accompany v.陪伴，伴随
6. reward v. 奖励，报酬
7. start with 以……开始
8. flooring n. 地板，地面材料
9. backbreaking adj. 费力的，劳累的
10. move out搬出去，离开
11. deposit押金，定金
12. intend to do sth./to be sth. 打算做某事；打算成为某物
13. make the most of 充分利用
14. credit v.相信，信任；认为是……的功劳，给予承认；认为……有特定品质（或效果）
15.come to an end 结束
16.be seen as 被看作
长难句回顾
1.Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
【句意】她擅长搭架子和拼装家具，她自己能做的事从不花钱请别人做。
【解析】本句是主从复合句。 形容词短语作伴随状语， 主句中含有定语从句she can do herself 修饰a job, 省略关系词which/ that.
2. With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done.
【句意】在接下来的几周里，数百万人可能会动手做一些DIY项目，新的研究表明，超过一半的人计划充分利用漫长而温暖的夏日来完成工作。
【解析】本句是主从复合句。 With 的宾语补足语，主句中that more… 是show 的宾语从句，宾语从句中to get …动词不定式作结果状语，get jobs done 是get的宾语补足语。
（2023年全国甲卷）C 篇阅读理解) 说明文
真题呈现
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy (哲学).
That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you — and then try to explain them.
Eric weiner’s The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about undestanding philosophy, is a book abour learning to use philosophy to improve a life.
He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation.
The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. It’s worth your time, even if time is something we don’t have a lot of.
28．Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?
A．Foucault. B．Eric Weiner.
C．Jostein Gaarder. D．A college teacher.
29．Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4?
A．To compare Weiner with them.
B．To give examples of great works.
C．To praise their writing skills.
D．To help readers understand Weiners book.
30．What does the author like about The Socrates Express?
A．Its views on history are well-presented.
B．Its ideas can be applied to daily life.
C．It includes comments from readers.
D．It leaves an open ending.
31．What does the author think of Weiners book?
A．Objective and plain.
B．Daring and ambitious.
C．Serious and hard to follow.
D．Humorous and straightforward.
全解全析
【篇章解读】这是一篇说明文。作者在13岁时开始喜欢哲学，随后Weiner的书The Socrates Express唤起了作者对哲学的热爱。文章通过介绍了The Socrates Express这本书，倡导读者花时间去读这本书。
28．【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy(哲学).(我13岁的时候，一个叔叔给了我一本Jostein Gaarder的《 Sophie的世界》。书里面的观点对我来说都很新奇，所以我整个夏天都在钻研那本书。它对我说话，把我带入一个哲学的世界。)”可知，Jostein Gaarder为作者打开了通往哲学的大门。故选C。
29．【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. (Weiner在每一章的开头都描述了一个城市之间火车旅行的场景，然后将每一位哲学家的著作框定在一个他们能够帮助我们做得更好的事情上。最终的结果是，我们学会了像苏格拉底一样思考，像梭罗一样看，像叔本华一样听，像尼采一样没有遗憾。)”可知，作者在第四段开头描写了Weiner书的内容，接着作者通过列举了几位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西，由此可推知，作者列举了几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiners的书。故选D。
30．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“This, more than a book about undestanding philosophy, is a book abour learning to use philosophy to improve a life.(这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书，更是一本关于学习运用哲学来改善生活的书。)”可知，作者喜欢The Socrates Express这本书，是因为它的思想可以应用到日常生活中。故选B。
31．【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He makes philosopical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor.(他使哲学思想成为一种有吸引力的练习，可以提高我们经验的质量，而且他在做这件事的时候充满了幽默感。)”可知，Weiners的书很幽默，根据最后一段中“The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. (The Socrates Express是一本有趣而尖锐的书，它以其表面上的简单吸引着读者，并逐渐将他们拉进对欲望、孤独和衰老的深层思考中。)”可知，Weiners的书简单易懂，由此可知，Weiners的书既幽默又简单易懂。故选D。
阅读高频词
1.invitation n. 邀请
2. experience v.体验，经历
3. context n. 上下文
4. regret v.遗憾，后悔
5. humour n. 幽默
6. conversation对话；会话
7. interpretation解读
8. apparent 明显的，表面上的
9. simplicity简单，简约
10．pull in吸引，吸引住
长难句回顾
1. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book.
【句意】书里充满了对我来说很新鲜的想法，所以我整个夏天都在书里进进出出。
【解析】本句是so 引导的并列句，前一句中that were.. 是ideas的定语从句，后面一个并列句中含有spend 的花费句型。
（2023年全国甲卷）D 篇阅读理解) 说明文
真题呈现
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche-we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more, they’re increasingly being sighted by humans.
The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviously, if precautions (预防) aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,“ says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.
32．How do Americans look at grizzlies?
A．They cause mixed feelings in people.
B．They should be kept in national parks.
C．They are of high scientific value.
D．They are a symbol of American culture.
33．What has helped the increase of the grizzly population?
A．The European settlers’ behavior.
B．The expansion of bears’ range.
C．The protection by law since 1975.
D．The support of Native Americans.
34．What has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from delisting grizzlies?
A．The opposition of conservation groups.
B．The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C．The voice of the biologists.
D．The local farmers’ advocates.
35．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Food should be provided for grizzlies.
B．People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C．A special path should be built for grizzlies.
D．Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.
全解全析
【篇章解读】本文是说明文，讲述了美国灰熊从濒危物种恢复到2000多头，但也带来了一些问题。
32．【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche-we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams. (灰熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心理中占据着一个矛盾的角落——即使它们给我们带来可怕的梦，我们也敬畏它们)”可知，美国人对灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他们的情感是混合的。故选A项。
33．【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. (1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》)”以及第四段“Today, there are about 2, 000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. (如今，美国大约有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀)”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保护，灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C项。
34．【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed. (如今，美国大约有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。由于环保组织的诉讼，这两项努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名单上)”可知，是环保组织的的反对阻止了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名。故选A项。
35．【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Obviously, if precautions aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,“ says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula. (显然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊会变得很麻烦，有时会杀死农场动物，或者在院子里寻找食物。如果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和露营地移走，灰熊通常会安然通过。在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电动围栏也能有效地赶走灰熊。“我们希望有一个干净，没有诱饵的地方，熊可以通过，而不会养成坏习惯，”詹姆斯·琼克尔说，他是一位长期管理米苏拉及其周围熊的生物学家)”可推知，灰熊数量增长，虽然会带来一些麻烦，但是如果采取一些预防措施，人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B项。
阅读高频词
1. conflicted adj. 矛盾的，不确定的
2. revere v.敬畏
3. flood into (flood) 涌入
4. range n.范围
5. expand v. 扩展
6. sighted adj. 被目击到的
7. settlers n. 移民，定居者
8. delist n. 除名，取消上市
9. overturn v. 推翻，颠覆
10. troublesome adj. 麻烦的，棘手的
11. advocate n.拥护者，支持者
12. attractants n. (对动物等的)诱食剂，引诱剂
长难句回顾
1. Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche-we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams.
【句意】灰熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人心中占据着一个矛盾的角落——我们敬畏它们，即使它们给我们带来可怕的梦。
【解析】本句中which 引导非限制定语从句，修饰前面的Girzzly bears, ,even as 引导状语从句。
2. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
【句意】问那些从世界各地涌入黄石国家公园的游客，他们最希望看到什么，他们的答案往往是一样的:灰熊。
【解析】本句是祈使句+and+ 句子的句型，前面“that flood into Yellowstone National Park”是that引导的定语从句修饰tourists，在从句中作主语，what they most hope to see,是what引导的宾语从句。
真题变式练 (应用文，记叙文，说明文限时练)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Passage 1（应用文）
（2023·广东·校联考三模）Imagine a world where kindness rules, where people help their neighbors, and where communities gather to create positive change in the world together. But you don’t have to imagine it, for you can live it by joining millions of other like-minded changemakers on Good Deeds Day(GDD). This global day of volunteering falls on April 16 in 2023.
How it began
“I believe that if people think good, speak good and do good, the circles of goodness will grow in the world,” said Shari Arison, philanthropist, businesswoman, and the founder of GDD．That’s what led to the creation of GDD which began in just one country in 2007 and went global in 2011. This global day of helping others has united millions of people from 108 countries in organizing doing good projects, improving their communities and providing inspiration to do good on GDD and every day.
Activities range from small projects like painting a community center or blood drives to large projects like a massive beach clean-up in Greece in 2022. While GDD went virtual in 2020, there are many large community events planned for 2023.
How to take part
Get involved in GDD in three easy steps. Save the date on your phone or computer, register on the website, and then let the GDD people know what you are planning to do.
You can find a volunteer opportunity through Points of Light, a nonprofit organization. Another resource is VolunteerMatch, a nonprofit that matches volunteers with causes they support.
Whatever project you participate in will make a difference to a person, a community, or even the world.
1．What will you do in a GDD project?
A．Join a club. B．Meet some famous people.
C．Do voluntary work. D．Visit a community.
2．What contributed to the founding of CDD?
A．A similar event. B．The like-minded changemakers.
C．The communities’ inspiration. D．The founder’s belief.
3．How can you participate in CDD?
A．By calling the person in charge.
B．By registering on the website as scheduled.
C．By matching volunteers with causes.
D．By knowing what the GDD people are doing.
【篇章解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了国际“行善日”的由来，组织活动及参与方式。
1．【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Activities range from small projects like painting a community center or blood drives to large projects like a massive beach clean-up in Greece in 2022.”（活动范围从小型项目，如粉刷社区中心或献血活动，到大型项目，如2022年在希腊进行的大规模海滩清理。）可知，在该项目中你能够做力所能及的志愿活动。故选C项。
2．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段前两句““I believe that if people think good, speak good and do good, the circles of goodness will grow in the world,” said Shari Arison, philanthropist, businesswoman, and the founder of GDD.That’s what led to the creation of GDD which began in just one country in 2007 and went global in 2011. ”（“我相信，如果人们想得好、说得好、做得好，世界上善良的圈子就会扩大，”慈善家、女商人、GDD的创始人莎莉·阿里森说。这就是GDD诞生的原因，它于2007年在一个国家开始，并于2011年走向全球。）可知，国际行善日的诞生来自于创始人莎莉·阿里森坚定的信念。故选D项。
3．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Save the date on your phone or computer, register on the website, and then let the GDD people know what you are planning to do.”（把日期保存在你的手机或电脑上，在网站上注册，然后让GDD的人知道你打算做什么。）可知，若想参与该项目，则需要如期在网站上注册登记。故选B项。
Passage 2 (应用文)
（2023·湖南岳阳·统考三模）
Best Spring Destinations In Tibet
Peach blossom valley, Nyingchi
The peach blossoms in Nyingchi, Tibet autonomous region have been dubbed as “the most beautiful peach flowers in the world”. The annual Nyingchi peach blossom festival has become a signature tourism event on the plateau. The peach blossom valley stretches for 30 kilometers, making it one of the longest in China.
Nanyi Valley
Nanyigou scenic spot is 20 kilometers away from Milin county and is an important birthplace of the mysterious Tibetan medicine culture. The scenic area covers a total area of 820 hectares. The ecological conditions here are so good that the place is rich in various animal and plant species. Surrounded by mountains, Nanyi Valley is an ideal spring destination for visitors, where you can find peach and azalea blossoms everywhere.
The Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon
The Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon is the deepest canyon in the world. With a total length of about 500 kilometers, its altitude spans from 7,782 meters at NamchakBarwa, the highest peak of the eastern Himalayas, to 550 meters around the Yarlung Zangbo River Valley. One unique feature of the spring sight here is that visitors can enjoy both the peach blossoms and the snow-capped mountains at the same time.
Lulang Scenic Zone
Lulang Scenic Zone, located in Lulang town, covers a land area of 859, 000 square meters with artificial lakes. The scenic zone contains rich natural scenery, including forest-cladmountains, flowers, lakes and beautiful landscapes, with snowy mountains seen in the far background. Every year from April to June, with wild flowers blossoming alongside the meandering (蜿蜒的) streams and snowy mountains towering in the backdrop, the whole landscape presents a peaceful and pleasant sight.
4．What’s special about The Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon?
A．It has the highest altitude in China.
B．Visitors can enjoy the longest peach blossom valley here.
C．Visitors can appreciate the peach blossoms as well as the snow-capped mountains in spring here.
D．It is a place rich in animal and plant species.
5．What do the first three destinations have in common?
A．They are in the town. B．They have a top record in the world.
C．They are famous for the artificial scenic spots. D．They all offer beautiful peach blossom scenery.
6．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．A travel brochure. B．A market report.
C．A geography textbook. D．A science magazine.
【篇章解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个西藏春天值得去的旅游目的地。
4．【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“One unique feature of the spring sight here is that visitors can enjoy both the peach blossoms and the snow-capped mountains at the same time.(这里春天景色的一个独特之处在于游客可以同时欣赏桃花和雪山)”可知，雅鲁藏布江大峡谷的特别之处是在春天，游客可以在这里欣赏桃花和雪山。故选C。
5．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“The peach blossoms in Nyingchi, Tibet autonomous region have been dubbed as “the most beautiful peach flowers in the world”. The annual Nyingchi peach blossom festival has become a signature tourism event on the plateau. The peach blossom valley stretches for 30 kilometers, making it one of the longest in China.(西藏林芝的桃花被誉为“世界上最美的桃花”。一年一度的林芝桃花节已经成为高原上的标志性旅游活动。桃花谷绵延30公里，是中国最长的桃花谷之一)”；第二段“Surrounded by mountains, Nanyi Valley is an ideal spring destination for visitors, where you can find peach and azalea blossoms everywhere.(群山环抱的南一谷是游客们春天的理想去处，在那里你可以看到到处都是桃花和杜鹃花)”以及第三段“One unique feature of the spring sight here is that visitors can enjoy both the peach blossoms and the snow-capped mountains at the same time.(这里春天景色的一个独特之处在于游客可以同时欣赏桃花和雪山)”可知，前三个目的地的共同之处是都有美丽的桃花景色。故选D。
6．【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章标题“Best Spring Destinations In Tibet(西藏最佳春季目的地)”结合文章主要介绍了四个西藏春天值得去的旅游目的地。可推知，文章选自旅行册。故选A。
Passage 3 (记叙文)
（2023·湖北荆门·荆门市龙泉中学校考三模）Todd Bol, a retired businessman, could never have expected that a wooden container he built in his front yard one day would have the global impact it does today.
Bol built a dollhouse-size structure that looked like a schoolhouse on a post and he put it in his yard as a free community library to remember his mother, who was a book lover and school teacher. Bol’s design gave birth to Little Free Library (LFL), a nonprofit organization that seeks to place small, accessible book exchange boxes in neighborhoods around the world. The concept is simple: Neighbors are invited to share a book, leave a book, or both. Today, there are over 50,000 of these libraries registered in 70 countries.
Almost everyone can register with LFL and start a library as long as the person keeps it in good shape and makes sure that book materials are appropriate for his/her neighborhood. Library owners can create their own library boxes; therefore, the libraries are usually unique in appearance, and there seems to be no limit to the possibilities. One library in California was built out of a used wine container; another in Texas had tiny stairs and bright colored walls. Once registered, libraries are assigned a number at LFL’s website. The LFL Index lists the locations of all libraries with GPS coordinates (坐标) and other information. Owners receive a sign saying “Little Free Library”.
People say they have been attracted to pick up a book when walking by a Little Free Library, out of curiosity and because it’s convenient. Some sidewalk librarians say they have met more neighbors since having a little library in their front yard. Bol is also most proud of the way Little Free Library is bringing communities together. “It’s started a neighborhood exchange. It gets people talking and more comfortable with their neighbors,” he says. “This leads to them helping each other.”
7．What does the underlined word “design” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．A community center. B．A dollhouse on a post.
C．A book exchange box. D．A nonprofit organization.
8．What can we learn about the operation of a Little Free Library?
A．There is no limit to the selection of books.
B．The library can come in any shape and color.
C．The library needs to hire many professional librarians.
D．The owner must first be assigned a number from the LFL website.
9．What can be inferred about Little Free Library?
A．It helps improve GPS functions. B．It connects libraries around the world.
C．It makes reading accessible to the poor. D．It helps restore human connections.
10．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．LFL: A Booster to Shared Reading B．LFL: The Best Place to Meet Neighbors
C．Todd Bol: A Successful Book Businessman D．Reading: An Approach to Improving Yourself
【篇章解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Todd Bol退休之后为了纪念自己的母亲在自己家院子建立的供人阅读的木质容器催生了一个非营利组织——小小免费图书馆 ，旨在在世界各地的社区设置小型、方便的图书交换箱。
7．【答案】C
【解析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Bol built a dollhouse-size structure that looked like a schoolhouse on a post and he put it in his yard as a free community library to remember his mother, (Bol在柱子上建造了一个玩偶屋大小的建筑，看起来像校舍，他把它放在自己的院子里，作为一个免费的社区图书馆来纪念他的母亲)”和下文“The concept is simple: Neighbors are invited to share a book, leave a book, or both.(这个概念很简单：邀请邻居分享一本书，留下一本书，或者两者兼而有之)”可知，Bol设计的是装在柱子上的像玩偶屋大小的小小校舍，用来让邻居们交换书籍，所以他设计的是用来交换书箱的小箱子。故选C项。
8．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Library owners can create their own library boxes; therefore, the libraries are usually unique in appearance, and there seems to be no limit to the possibilities. (图书馆所有者可以创建自己的图书馆盒；因此，图书馆在外观上通常是独一无二的，而且似乎没有任何限制) ”可知，免费图书馆外观上没有任何限制，可以有任何形状和颜色。故选B项。
9．【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s started a neighborhood exchange. It gets people talking and more comfortable with their neighbors. This leads to them helping each other. (它开始了邻里交流。它能让人们交谈，让他们和邻居相处得更舒服。这让他们互相帮助) ”可推知，小型免费图书馆帮助恢复人际关系。故选D项。
10．【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Todd Bol, a retired businessman, could never have expected that a wooden container he built in his front yard one day would have the global impact ii does today. (退休商人托德·博尔绝对没有想到，有一天他在自家前院建造的一个木箱会产生今天这样的全球影响) ”、第二段中“The concept is simple: Neighbors are invited to share a book, leave a book, or both. Today, there are over 50 ,000 of these libraries registered in 70 countries.(这个概念很简单：邀请邻居分享一本书，留下一本书，或者两者兼而有之。今天，在70个国家注册的图书馆超过50000个)”和第四段中“People say they have been attracted to pick up a book when walking by a Little Free Library, out of curiosity and because it’s convenient. (人们说，当他们经过一个小型免费图书馆时，他们会被吸引去拿一本书，一方面出于好奇，另一方面是因为它很方便) ”可知，文章主要介绍了在Todd Bol影响下建立的小小免费图书馆LFL (Little Free Library)，它推动了“共享阅读”这一理念的发展。A项“LFL：共享阅读的助推器”是本文最佳标题。故选A项。
Passage 4 (记叙文)
（2023·广东梅州·统考三模）There was a time in my life when I lost everything. My physical health was the first thing to go. I lost the ability to walk and ended up in a wheelchair. I couldn’t go places and do the things I used to do.
After that, I lost everything else. I lost friends who grew tired and weary of waiting for a recovery that might never come. I lost my career, which I had worked for decades to build- my source of independent income. There went my sense of purpose, too. I lost my house. I had nowhere to live and had to move back in with my parents.
With no job, health, friends, or house to come home to, most people would fall into a deep despair. And I did experience depression. But it was my family that gave me faith. I think it was my ability to keep the faith that allowed the faith to be rewarded in the end.
My health returned slowly but surely. I no longer neglected myself and then put my body last. I was grateful that I could now see how necessary my health was, and that it was okay to prioritize myself over a paycheck. For me, health was more important than any other things and should be dealt with first.
New friends entered my life—people with authentic hearts and kind understanding. I was grateful that I lost people along the way to make room for the people who were supposed to be there all along. A new job presented itself as well. I was so grateful that I lost my old job so that one better suited to my hobbies could unfold before my eyes.
When bad things happen, it doesn’t mean that better things aren’t down the line. We just need the strength to hold on to hope. Yes, there was a time in my life when I lost everything—everything except my faith. But the new perspective that I gained was more important than anything that I lost.
11．Why did the author’s friends leave after she was sick?
A．They lost patience. B．They were deeply in debt.
C．They minded their business. D．They found themselves helpless.
12．What inspired the author to fight for survival?
A．New friendship. B．Pursuit of career. C．Desire for fame. D．Family support.
13．What does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph?
A．She regards herself as a total failure. B．She has got back what she once had.
C．She views things from a different aspect. D．She has experienced a lot of tough days.
14．What can be learned from the text?
A．Everything comes to those who wait. B．When one door closes, another opens.
C．History is a mirror reflecting reality. D．Action is worry’s worst enemy.
【篇章解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述的是当作者失去一切的时候，她很沮丧，但在家人的帮助下，作者改变了态度，又逐渐找回了失去的一切。
11．【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I lost friends who grew tired and weary of waiting for a recovery that might never come.(我失去了一些朋友，他们厌倦了等待可能永远不会到来的康复。)”可知，作者的朋友离开作者是因为他们厌倦了等待作者的康复，由此可知，他们失去了耐心。故选A项。
12．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But it was my family that gave me faith.(但我的家人给了我信心。)”可知，作者的家人给了她信心，所以，是作者的家人让她重燃生活的希望。故选D项。
13．【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Yes, there was a time in my life when I lost everything—everything except my faith. But the new perspective that I gained was more important than anything that I lost.(是的，在我生命中有一段时间，我失去了一切——除了我的信仰。但我获得的新视角比我失去的任何东西都重要。)”可知，作者认为获得的新视角比失去的任何东西都更重要，由此可以推断，作者有了新的视角来看待周围的一切。故选C项。
14．【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据尾段“When bad things happen, it doesn’t mean that better things aren’t down the line. We just need the strength to hold on to hope. Yes, there was a time in my life when I lost everything—everything except my faith. But the new perspective that I gained was more important than anything that I lost.(当坏事发生时，并不意味着以后不会有更好的事情发生。我们只需要坚持希望的力量。是的，在我生命中有一段时间，我失去了一切——除了我的信仰。但我获得的新视角比我失去的任何东西都重要。)”并结合上文中讲述的作者自己的经历可知，作者认为当我们失去某些东西的时候，我们也会获得另外一些东西，即，当一扇门关闭时，另一扇会打开。故选B项。
Passage 5(说明文)
（2023·湖南·校联考模拟预测）Every year, Arctic terns(燕鸥) migrate from the Arctic to the Antarctic, a round-trip of about 80,000 kilometers. New research finds that these far-flying birds use just a few select routes for their travels.
“The Arctic tern is well-known to people as a record holder. It holds the world record for the longest migration of any animal, and therefore interacts with a variety of ecosystems along the way,” lead author Joanna Wong says.
“They are an indicator species that can tell us so much about the different ecosystems that they travel through,” Wong continues. “If they don’t make it to their destination in one year, then you know there might be an environmental problem somewhere along their routes.”
Globally, Arctic terns are reducing. Their crossing such a long distance has made it hard for researchers to see where the problem is. “These birds are difficult to study because they are either living in polar environments, or on the go,” Wong says.
So in order to track them, Wong and her colleagues attached light-level geographical positioning devices to the legs of 53 Arctic terns. These devices are actually small computers that record surrounding light intensities(强度). “The length of daylight can tell us the latitude(纬度), while the time of solar noon can tell us the longitude. So we are able to judge positions of the birds,” Wong says.
Researchers compared the routes taken by the birds they followed and the migration timing to other Arctic terns that had previously been tracked. They determined terns in different areas all end up taking similar routes.
Some other seabirds also use the same paths, which suggests that the routes aren’t specific just to the Arctic terns and that protecting them may be beneficial to other species.
15．What are Arctic terns famous for according to the text?
A．Their title of long-distance travelers.
B．Their contribution to local ecosystems.
C．Their ability to survive in polar climates.
D．Their preference for certain migratory routes.
16．Which of the following statements about Arctic terns may Wong agree with?
A．Their final destination changes each year.
B．They choose different migratory routes each year.
C．They help us be aware of related environmental problems.
D．Their migratory journey usually takes more than one year.
17．What challenge does the researchers meet when studying Arctic terns?
A．They can hardly get access to Arctic terns.
B．They know very little about polar environments.
C．They have difficulty protecting Arctic terns’ habitats.
D．They fail to figure out Arctic terns’ migratory routes.
18．What can we learn from the study?
A．Terns around the world live at the same place.
B．The protection of Arctic terns is easy to achieve.
C．Terns’ migratory routes are affected by other seabirds.
D．It’s significant to protect Arctic terns’ migratory routes.
【篇章解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极燕鸥的迁徙路线对人类了解沿途的环境问题很有帮助，文章呼吁人们保护北极燕鸥的迁徙路线，因为这样做对其它的鸟类也有益。
15．【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段““The Arctic tern is well-known to people as a record holder. It holds the world record for the longest migration of any animal, and therefore interacts with a variety of ecosystems along the way,” lead author Joanna Wong says.”（“北极燕鸥是众所周知的记录保持者。它保持着在任何动物迁徙时间中最长的世界纪录，因此一路上与各种生态系统相互作用，”主要作者乔安娜·王说。）可知，北极燕鸥以它们远距离旅行者的头衔而著名。故选A项。
16．【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Wong continues. “If they don’t make it to their destination in one year, then you know there might be an environmental problem somewhere along their routes.””（王继续说。“如果它们在一年内没有达到目的地，那么你就知道在它们的路线上可能会有环境问题。”）可知，北极燕鸥的迁徙时长可以帮我们了解沿途是否有环境问题，推断出王同意的观点是北极燕鸥帮助我们了解相关的环境问题。故选C项。
17．【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段““These birds are difficult to study because they are either living in polar environments, or on the go,” Wong says.”（“这些鸟很难研究，因为他们要么生活在极地环境中，要么在前进中。”王说。）可知，研究北极燕鸥很难的原因是它们要么在北极，要么在路上，推断出研究中最大的挑战是研究者很难接近北极燕鸥。故选A项。
18．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Some other seabirds also use the same paths, which suggests that the routes aren’t specific just to the Arctic terns and that protecting them may be beneficial to other species.”（一些其它的海鸟也使用相同的路径，这表明这些路线不仅仅是北极燕鸥独有的，保护它们可能对其他物种有益。）可知，因为北极燕鸥的迁徙路线也被其它的海鸟使用，保护北极燕鸥的迁徙路线是有意义的。故选D项。
Passage 6(说明文)
（2023·湖北荆门·荆门市龙泉中学校考三模）Is the end of homework near? As new powerful artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT take the Internet by storm, teachers concerned with AI-driven cheating are questioning their teaching and assessment methods.
ChatGPT, the most powerful AI language model ever developed by the company OpenAI, remembers the thread of your dialogue，using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. Deriving its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet, it is fine-tuned using both supervised and reinforcement learning. It is capable of generating natural-sounding text on demand in just a few seconds. The quality of the copy it produces is sufficient to impress teachers in secondary and higher education, and even researchers.
The use of AI tools in copy-writing has sparked an outcry around the world. In the United States，public schools in New York and Seattle have decided to block ChatGPT from their devices and WiFi networks. In France, the prestigious Sciences Po university in Paris has also just announced a strict ban on its use. But experts question whether bans like these are really effective. On one hand, students will always be able to access tools like ChatGPT through other means than school devices. On the other hand, some question the relevance of blocking access to a digital tool whose use is likely to grow in the professional world in the coming years.
Amelie Cordier, a lecturer in artificial intelligence at Lyon University, notes that students haven’t waited for ChatGPT to try to escape the chore of homework — whether by photocopying the library encyclopedia, copy-pasting content from Wikipedia or enlisting their parents’ help. “What is ultimately very important in the learning process is not so much the subject on which you learn, it’s the methodology that you learn to develop around that subject,” Cordier said.
19．Why does the author raise a question in paragraph 1?
A．To arouse the readers’ interest.
B．To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
C．To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D．To reveal the negative effects of artificial intelligence.
20．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT?
A．Its language model. B．Its working theory.
C．Its design inspiration. D．Its development process.
21．Which of the following is probably the reason for the experts’ question?
A．Students can always employ AI tools in other ways.
B．Teachers and researchers are impressed by ChatGPT.
C．The bans have been announced only in the US and France.
D．AI tools have already been widely applied in professional fields.
22．What plays a critical role in learning according to Cordier?
A．Parents’ help. B．The system of methods.
C．The library encyclopedia. D．The content from Wikipedia.
【篇章解读】本文是说明文，介绍了学生们正在用ChatGPT做作业，学校应该禁止使用这一类人工智能工具，还是应该接受它们。
19．【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题，根据第一段“Is the end of homework near? As new powerful artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT take the Internet by storm, teachers concerned with AI-driven cheating are questioning their teaching and assessment methods.(作业快结束了吗？随着ChatGPT等强大的新型人工智能工具在互联网上风靡，担心人工智能作弊的教师们开始质疑自己的教学和评估方法)”可知，作者提出这一问题旨在引起读者的阅读兴趣，故选A项。
20．【答案】B
【解析】段落大意题。根据第二段中“ChatGPT, the most powerful AI language model ever developed by the company OpenAI, remembers the thread of your dialogue，using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. Deriving its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet, it is fine-tuned using both supervised and reinforcement learning. It is capable of generating natural-sounding text on demand in just a few seconds. The quality of the copy it produces is sufficient to impress teachers in secondary and higher education, and even researchers.( ChatGPT是OpenAI公司开发的最强大的人工智能语言模型，它可以记住你的对话线索，使用之前的问题和答案来告知它的下一个回答。它从互联网上大量的信息中得到答案，并使用监督学习和强化学习进行微调。它能够在几秒钟内按需生成听起来自然的文本。它产生的副本的质量足以打动中学和高等教育的教师，甚至研究人员)”可知，本段主要介绍了ChatGPT的工作原理。故选B项。
21．【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But experts question whether bans like these are really effective. On one hand, students will always be able to access tools like ChatGPT through other means than school devices.(但专家质疑这样的禁令是否真的有效。一方面，学生将永远能够通过学校设备以外的其他方式访问ChatGPT等工具)”可知，学生总是能够通过学校设备以外的其他方式访问ChatGPT等工具。故选A项。
22．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题，根据第四段“What is ultimately very important in the learning process is not so much the subject on which you learn, it’s the methodology that you learn to develop around that subject(在学习过程中，最重要的不是你学习的科目，而是你围绕该科目学习的方法)”可知，在学习过程中，最终非常重要的不是你学习的科目，而是你围绕该科目学习的方法。故选B项。
2023年全国甲卷阅读理解ABCD 真题透析+变式训练
第一部分
命题分析+秒选技能
第二部分
真题评析(真题呈现+全解全析+阅读高频词+长难句回顾)
第三部分
真题变式练
命题分析
阅读理解文章体裁可以分为：应用文 记叙文 说明文 议论文
虽然阅读理解的材料内容千变万化，但考试中的考查方式是有限的，只要能够掌握以下几种主要类型题目的阅读技巧，那么阅读理解拿高分，甚至拿满分就是可以做到的了。
阅读理解题的速选技能，需要结合下面几种题型：主旨大意题，细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题。
近三年高考阅读理解题，细节题占有较大比例，难度一般不大，答案大都可以从文章中直接找到依据；推理判断题呈不断上升的趋势，且已由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查考生对英语语言的理解能力，因此难度比往年有所增加；主旨题的考查占有十分重要的位置，一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题、标题或目的设题，这类题目考查的范围是基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等；词义题所要求的词或词组往往是熟词新意，有的是中学课本中没出现过的，仅考查词或短语在该篇短文中的含义；观点态度题也在高考中有所体现。
秒选技能
词汇层面——巧跨生词障碍:
在阅读过程中，对于无关紧要的词汇要学着“跳过去”，比如人名、地名、组织名等。对影响阅读质量、影响解题的关键生词要“猜出来”。
句意层面——巧破长难句型
对于阅读中设题处的长难句要学会分析。分析长难句的核心技法是根据五种基本句式摘出句子主干——主谓(宾)，特别注意：
1.一个句子有且只有一个谓语，如果一个句子有了两个或两个以上的谓语，则必有连词或从句的出现；
2.去除所有修饰成分，包括介词短语、非谓语动词、从句等；
3.充分利用并列成分。
语篇层面——熟悉体裁特点
不同类型的语篇有不同的(命题)特点。考虑语篇，要考虑语篇的体裁、发展线索、框架结构、语篇的立论句等。
解题层面——知晓选项特征
阅读理解正确选项往往通过同义改写、抽象概括、原词复现、正话反说等方式转化而来，而错误选项通常具有张冠李戴、无中生有、偷换概念、正误参半等方式而对考生形成干扰。
（一） 细节理解题
在考查形式上分为两种：细节查找题与细节推理题。
1. 细节查找题：比较简单，只要能看懂文章，从文章中找到问题定位的关键词句，就可以顺利解题。
2. 细节推断题：需要借助同义词转换，概念解析，归纳事实等方法对原文信息进行变换，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别。
（二）推理判断题
这是阅读理解的重难点所在，考查形式也多种多样，除了细节理解，还有结局趋势预测题，文章来源推测题，作者态度观点推测题。
1. 阅读全文，理解文章大意：具体可以参考主旨大意题的解题步骤，切忌主观臆断，常识经验来代替文章内容或观点。
2. 避免误入命题陷阱：第一类陷阱是把第一类陷阱是把原文中的关键词或限定词去掉或用其他词进行替换。比如把张三当李四，把部分当全部，把否定当肯定，把将来发生当成已经发生等。第二类陷阱是在选项中设置一些与问题无关的干扰项。这些干扰项本身可能是文章中的原句，但是与问题无关；或者这些选项内容本身符合常识，但是作者在文中没有提及或者与作者观点不符。
（三）词义猜测题
这种类型的题，主要分为以下三种：
1. 猜测某个词、词组、句子的意义；
2. 对文中的多义词或词组进行定义；
3. 判断某个代词的指代的对象。
这类题型应在精读中应当注意：
1.分析长难句。
2.注意熟词生义，一词多义。
（四）主旨大意题
分为两种：一种是要求归纳标题，另一种是归纳段落大意或者文章中心思想。
1. 注意文章的首句和尾句，以及therefore, thus, but, however, in short这些很可能提示文章主旨的词语。
2. 分段概括大意，逐项排除最终确定答案。需要注意避免出现概括不够，如：以偏概全，过度解读等人为的主观臆断性错误。
真题呈现
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2023年全国甲卷）A篇阅读理解 应用文
Where to Eat in Bangkok
Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options. Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.
Nahm
Offering Thai fine dining. Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary (烹饪的) experiences. It’s the only Thair restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the word’s 50 best restaurants list. Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his Loodon-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
Issays Stamese Club
Issaya Siamese Club is intematoionally known Thai chef lan Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant. The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
Bo. tan
Bo. tan has been making waves in Bangkok’s culinary sence since it opened in 2009. Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots, yet still manages to add a special twist. This place is good for a candlelit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food. For those extremely hungry there’s a large set menu.
Gaggan
Earning first place on the lates “Asia’s 50 best restaurants” list, progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues(场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary theater at its best.
21．What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common?
A．They adopt modern cooking methods. B．They have branches in London.
C．They have top-class chefs. D．They are based in hotels.
22．Which restaurant offers a large set menu?
A．Gaggan. B．Bo. tan. C．Issaya Siamese Club. D．Nahm.
23．What is special about Gaggan?
A．It hires staff from India. B．It puts on a play every day.
C．It serves hard-to-find local dishes. D．It shows the cooking process to guests.
全解全析
【篇章解读】本文是应用文。介绍了一些关于从哪里开始你的曼谷美食之旅的建议。
21．【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据小标题Nahm下的段落中“Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his Loodon-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010. (主厨大卫·汤普森(David Thompson)在伦敦的同名泰国餐厅获得了米其林一星，他于2010年在大都会酒店开设了这家分店)”以及小标题Issays Stamese Club下的段落中“Issaya Siamese Club is intematoionally know Thai chef lan Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant. (Issaya Siamese Club是国际知名的泰国厨师lan Kittichai的第一家曼谷旗舰餐厅)”可知，Nahm和Issaya Siamese Club的共同之处是他们都有一流的厨师。故选C项。
22．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据小标题Bo. tan下的段落中“For those extremely hungry there’s a large set menu. (对于那些极度饥饿的人来说，这里有一份很大的套餐)”可知，Bo. tan提供大型套餐。故选B项。
23．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据小标题Gaggan下的段落中“The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. (在这座两层殖民时期的泰国住宅中，最好的桌子有一扇通往厨房的窗户，在那里你可以看到Gaggan厨师和他的员工在工作)”可知，Gaggan的特别之处是它向客人展示了烹饪过程。故选D项。
阅读高频词
1. desirable adj. 令人向往的，值得拥有的；可取的；性感的
2. destination n. 目的地，终点，目标
3.option n. 可选择的事物；选择，选择权；（将来的）买卖选择权利，期权；（计算机程序
4,adventure n. 冒险（经历），奇遇；冒险的刺激，冒险欲；<古>生意
5. elegant adj. （人）高雅的，举止优雅的；精美的，雅致的；简练的，巧妙的
6. atmosphere n. （包围地球或其他行星的）大气，大气层；（房间或其他场所内的）空气；气氛，环境；情调，感染力
7. appreciate v. 欣赏，鉴赏；理解，明白；感谢，感激；升值，增值
8. extremely adv. 极度，非常
9. progressive adj. 进步的，先进的；逐步发生的，逐步发展的；向前移动的；（音乐）现代的，新潮的
10. at one’s best 处于最佳状态
长难句回顾
1. It’s the only Thair restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the word’s 50 best restaurants list.
【句意】这是唯一一家进入全球50家最佳餐厅榜单前10名的泰国餐厅。
【解析】本句是it is… that…的强调句，对主语进行强调。
2. The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary theater at its best.
【句意】在这座两层殖民时期的泰国住宅中，最好的桌子有一扇通往厨房的窗户，在那里你可以看到Gaggan厨师和他的员工在工作。最好的烹饪剧场。
【解析】本句是where引导的定语从句。
（2023年全国甲卷）B 篇 阅读理解 记叙文
真题呈现
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Terri Boltonis a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £ 5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”
Terri, who now rents abhouse with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures. So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around £ 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.
24．Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1?
A．An artist. B．A winner. C．A specialist. D．A pioneer.
25．Why did Terri’s grandfather give her £ 5 a day?
A．For a birthday gift. B．As a treat for her work.
C．To support her DIY projects. D．To encourage her to take up a hobby.
26．How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented?
A．By making it look like before. B．By furmishing it herself.
C．By splitting the rent with a roommate. D．By cancelling the rental agreement.
27．What trend in DIY does the research show?
A．It is becoming more costly. B．It is getting more time-consuming.
C．It is turning into a seasonal industry. D．It is gaining popularity among females.
全解全析
【篇章解读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一位DIY高手Terri Boltonis的技能以及DIY项目可能会在女性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。
24．【答案】C
【解析】词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. (她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此处指Terri Boltonis是一位DIY高手。C项“A specialist (一位专业人员)”最接近画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C。
25．【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £ 5 in pocket money. (她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商Derek Lloyd。从六岁起，现年26岁的Terri就在学校放假期间陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英镑零花钱的奖励)”以及“It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills. (这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲)”可推知，Terri的祖父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选B。
26．【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out. (所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的)”可推知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故选A。
27．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“the research shows it is women now leading the charge (研究表明，现在是女性主导了这项运动)”可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D。
阅读高频词
1. DIY (do-it-yourself) 自己动手做
2. skilled adj. 有技能的;技术高超的
3. put up安装，搭建
4. credit to sb/sth for sth/to sth. 把...归功于...(因为...)
5. accompany v.陪伴，伴随
6. reward v. 奖励，报酬
7. start with 以……开始
8. flooring n. 地板，地面材料
9. backbreaking adj. 费力的，劳累的
10. move out搬出去，离开
11. deposit押金，定金
12. intend to do sth./to be sth. 打算做某事；打算成为某物
13. make the most of 充分利用
14. credit v.相信，信任；认为是……的功劳，给予承认；认为……有特定品质（或效果）
15.come to an end 结束
16.be seen as 被看作
长难句回顾
1.Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
【句意】她擅长搭架子和拼装家具，她自己能做的事从不花钱请别人做。
【解析】本句是主从复合句。 形容词短语作伴随状语， 主句中含有定语从句she can do herself 修饰a job, 省略关系词which/ that.
2. With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done.
【句意】在接下来的几周里，数百万人可能会动手做一些DIY项目，新的研究表明，超过一半的人计划充分利用漫长而温暖的夏日来完成工作。
【解析】本句是主从复合句。 With 的宾语补足语，主句中that more… 是show 的宾语从句，宾语从句中to get …动词不定式作结果状语，get jobs done 是get的宾语补足语。
（2023年全国甲卷）C 篇阅读理解) 说明文
真题呈现
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy (哲学).
That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you — and then try to explain them.
Eric weiner’s The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about undestanding philosophy, is a book abour learning to use philosophy to improve a life.
He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation.
The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. It’s worth your time, even if time is something we don’t have a lot of.
28．Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?
A．Foucault. B．Eric Weiner.
C．Jostein Gaarder. D．A college teacher.
29．Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4?
A．To compare Weiner with them.
B．To give examples of great works.
C．To praise their writing skills.
D．To help readers understand Weiners book.
30．What does the author like about The Socrates Express?
A．Its views on history are well-presented.
B．Its ideas can be applied to daily life.
C．It includes comments from readers.
D．It leaves an open ending.
31．What does the author think of Weiners book?
A．Objective and plain.
B．Daring and ambitious.
C．Serious and hard to follow.
D．Humorous and straightforward.
全解全析
【篇章解读】这是一篇说明文。作者在13岁时开始喜欢哲学，随后Weiner的书The Socrates Express唤起了作者对哲学的热爱。文章通过介绍了The Socrates Express这本书，倡导读者花时间去读这本书。
28．【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy(哲学).(我13岁的时候，一个叔叔给了我一本Jostein Gaarder的《 Sophie的世界》。书里面的观点对我来说都很新奇，所以我整个夏天都在钻研那本书。它对我说话，把我带入一个哲学的世界。)”可知，Jostein Gaarder为作者打开了通往哲学的大门。故选C。
29．【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. (Weiner在每一章的开头都描述了一个城市之间火车旅行的场景，然后将每一位哲学家的著作框定在一个他们能够帮助我们做得更好的事情上。最终的结果是，我们学会了像苏格拉底一样思考，像梭罗一样看，像叔本华一样听，像尼采一样没有遗憾。)”可知，作者在第四段开头描写了Weiner书的内容，接着作者通过列举了几位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西，由此可推知，作者列举了几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiners的书。故选D。
30．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“This, more than a book about undestanding philosophy, is a book abour learning to use philosophy to improve a life.(这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书，更是一本关于学习运用哲学来改善生活的书。)”可知，作者喜欢The Socrates Express这本书，是因为它的思想可以应用到日常生活中。故选B。
31．【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He makes philosopical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor.(他使哲学思想成为一种有吸引力的练习，可以提高我们经验的质量，而且他在做这件事的时候充满了幽默感。)”可知，Weiners的书很幽默，根据最后一段中“The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. (The Socrates Express是一本有趣而尖锐的书，它以其表面上的简单吸引着读者，并逐渐将他们拉进对欲望、孤独和衰老的深层思考中。)”可知，Weiners的书简单易懂，由此可知，Weiners的书既幽默又简单易懂。故选D。
阅读高频词
1.invitation n. 邀请
2. experience v.体验，经历
3. context n. 上下文
4. regret v.遗憾，后悔
5. humour n. 幽默
6. conversation对话；会话
7. interpretation解读
8. apparent 明显的，表面上的
9. simplicity简单，简约
10．pull in吸引，吸引住
长难句回顾
1. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book.
【句意】书里充满了对我来说很新鲜的想法，所以我整个夏天都在书里进进出出。
【解析】本句是so 引导的并列句，前一句中that were.. 是ideas的定语从句，后面一个并列句中含有spend 的花费句型。
（2023年全国甲卷）D 篇阅读理解) 说明文
真题呈现
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche-we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more, they’re increasingly being sighted by humans.
The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviously, if precautions (预防) aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,“ says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.
32．How do Americans look at grizzlies?
A．They cause mixed feelings in people.
B．They should be kept in national parks.
C．They are of high scientific value.
D．They are a symbol of American culture.
33．What has helped the increase of the grizzly population?
A．The European settlers’ behavior.
B．The expansion of bears’ range.
C．The protection by law since 1975.
D．The support of Native Americans.
34．What has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from delisting grizzlies?
A．The opposition of conservation groups.
B．The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C．The voice of the biologists.
D．The local farmers’ advocates.
35．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Food should be provided for grizzlies.
B．People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C．A special path should be built for grizzlies.
D．Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.
全解全析
【篇章解读】本文是说明文，讲述了美国灰熊从濒危物种恢复到2000多头，但也带来了一些问题。
32．【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche-we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams. (灰熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心理中占据着一个矛盾的角落——即使它们给我们带来可怕的梦，我们也敬畏它们)”可知，美国人对灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他们的情感是混合的。故选A项。
33．【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. (1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》)”以及第四段“Today, there are about 2, 000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. (如今，美国大约有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀)”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保护，灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C项。
34．【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed. (如今，美国大约有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。由于环保组织的诉讼，这两项努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名单上)”可知，是环保组织的的反对阻止了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名。故选A项。
35．【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Obviously, if precautions aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,“ says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula. (显然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊会变得很麻烦，有时会杀死农场动物，或者在院子里寻找食物。如果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和露营地移走，灰熊通常会安然通过。在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电动围栏也能有效地赶走灰熊。“我们希望有一个干净，没有诱饵的地方，熊可以通过，而不会养成坏习惯，”詹姆斯·琼克尔说，他是一位长期管理米苏拉及其周围熊的生物学家)”可推知，灰熊数量增长，虽然会带来一些麻烦，但是如果采取一些预防措施，人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B项。
阅读高频词
1. conflicted adj. 矛盾的，不确定的
2. revere v.敬畏
3. flood into (flood) 涌入
4. range n.范围
5. expand v. 扩展
6. sighted adj. 被目击到的
7. settlers n. 移民，定居者
8. delist n. 除名，取消上市
9. overturn v. 推翻，颠覆
10. troublesome adj. 麻烦的，棘手的
11. advocate n.拥护者，支持者
12. attractants n. (对动物等的)诱食剂，引诱剂
长难句回顾
1. Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche-we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams.
【句意】灰熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人心中占据着一个矛盾的角落——我们敬畏它们，即使它们给我们带来可怕的梦。
【解析】本句中which 引导非限制定语从句，修饰前面的Girzzly bears, ,even as 引导状语从句。
2. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
【句意】问那些从世界各地涌入黄石国家公园的游客，他们最希望看到什么，他们的答案往往是一样的:灰熊。
【解析】本句是祈使句+and+ 句子的句型，前面“that flood into Yellowstone National Park”是that引导的定语从句修饰tourists，在从句中作主语，what they most hope to see,是what引导的宾语从句。
真题变式练 (应用文，记叙文，说明文限时练)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Passage 1（应用文）
（2023·广东·校联考三模）Imagine a world where kindness rules, where people help their neighbors, and where communities gather to create positive change in the world together. But you don’t have to imagine it, for you can live it by joining millions of other like-minded changemakers on Good Deeds Day(GDD). This global day of volunteering falls on April 16 in 2023.
How it began
“I believe that if people think good, speak good and do good, the circles of goodness will grow in the world,” said Shari Arison, philanthropist, businesswoman, and the founder of GDD．That’s what led to the creation of GDD which began in just one country in 2007 and went global in 2011. This global day of helping others has united millions of people from 108 countries in organizing doing good projects, improving their communities and providing inspiration to do good on GDD and every day.
Activities range from small projects like painting a community center or blood drives to large projects like a massive beach clean-up in Greece in 2022. While GDD went virtual in 2020, there are many large community events planned for 2023.
How to take part
Get involved in GDD in three easy steps. Save the date on your phone or computer, register on the website, and then let the GDD people know what you are planning to do.
You can find a volunteer opportunity through Points of Light, a nonprofit organization. Another resource is VolunteerMatch, a nonprofit that matches volunteers with causes they support.
Whatever project you participate in will make a difference to a person, a community, or even the world.
1．What will you do in a GDD project?
A．Join a club. B．Meet some famous people.
C．Do voluntary work. D．Visit a community.
2．What contributed to the founding of CDD?
A．A similar event. B．The like-minded changemakers.
C．The communities’ inspiration. D．The founder’s belief.
3．How can you participate in CDD?
A．By calling the person in charge.
B．By registering on the website as scheduled.
C．By matching volunteers with causes.
D．By knowing what the GDD people are doing.
【篇章解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了国际“行善日”的由来，组织活动及参与方式。
1．【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Activities range from small projects like painting a community center or blood drives to large projects like a massive beach clean-up in Greece in 2022.”（活动范围从小型项目，如粉刷社区中心或献血活动，到大型项目，如2022年在希腊进行的大规模海滩清理。）可知，在该项目中你能够做力所能及的志愿活动。故选C项。
2．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段前两句““I believe that if people think good, speak good and do good, the circles of goodness will grow in the world,” said Shari Arison, philanthropist, businesswoman, and the founder of GDD.That’s what led to the creation of GDD which began in just one country in 2007 and went global in 2011. ”（“我相信，如果人们想得好、说得好、做得好，世界上善良的圈子就会扩大，”慈善家、女商人、GDD的创始人莎莉·阿里森说。这就是GDD诞生的原因，它于2007年在一个国家开始，并于2011年走向全球。）可知，国际行善日的诞生来自于创始人莎莉·阿里森坚定的信念。故选D项。
3．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Save the date on your phone or computer, register on the website, and then let the GDD people know what you are planning to do.”（把日期保存在你的手机或电脑上，在网站上注册，然后让GDD的人知道你打算做什么。）可知，若想参与该项目，则需要如期在网站上注册登记。故选B项。
Passage 2 (应用文)
（2023·湖南岳阳·统考三模）
Best Spring Destinations In Tibet
Peach blossom valley, Nyingchi
The peach blossoms in Nyingchi, Tibet autonomous region have been dubbed as “the most beautiful peach flowers in the world”. The annual Nyingchi peach blossom festival has become a signature tourism event on the plateau. The peach blossom valley stretches for 30 kilometers, making it one of the longest in China.
Nanyi Valley
Nanyigou scenic spot is 20 kilometers away from Milin county and is an important birthplace of the mysterious Tibetan medicine culture. The scenic area covers a total area of 820 hectares. The ecological conditions here are so good that the place is rich in various animal and plant species. Surrounded by mountains, Nanyi Valley is an ideal spring destination for visitors, where you can find peach and azalea blossoms everywhere.
The Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon
The Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon is the deepest canyon in the world. With a total length of about 500 kilometers, its altitude spans from 7,782 meters at NamchakBarwa, the highest peak of the eastern Himalayas, to 550 meters around the Yarlung Zangbo River Valley. One unique feature of the spring sight here is that visitors can enjoy both the peach blossoms and the snow-capped mountains at the same time.
Lulang Scenic Zone
Lulang Scenic Zone, located in Lulang town, covers a land area of 859, 000 square meters with artificial lakes. The scenic zone contains rich natural scenery, including forest-cladmountains, flowers, lakes and beautiful landscapes, with snowy mountains seen in the far background. Every year from April to June, with wild flowers blossoming alongside the meandering (蜿蜒的) streams and snowy mountains towering in the backdrop, the whole landscape presents a peaceful and pleasant sight.
4．What’s special about The Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon?
A．It has the highest altitude in China.
B．Visitors can enjoy the longest peach blossom valley here.
C．Visitors can appreciate the peach blossoms as well as the snow-capped mountains in spring here.
D．It is a place rich in animal and plant species.
5．What do the first three destinations have in common?
A．They are in the town. B．They have a top record in the world.
C．They are famous for the artificial scenic spots. D．They all offer beautiful peach blossom scenery.
6．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．A travel brochure. B．A market report.
C．A geography textbook. D．A science magazine.
【篇章解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个西藏春天值得去的旅游目的地。
4．【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“One unique feature of the spring sight here is that visitors can enjoy both the peach blossoms and the snow-capped mountains at the same time.(这里春天景色的一个独特之处在于游客可以同时欣赏桃花和雪山)”可知，雅鲁藏布江大峡谷的特别之处是在春天，游客可以在这里欣赏桃花和雪山。故选C。
5．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“The peach blossoms in Nyingchi, Tibet autonomous region have been dubbed as “the most beautiful peach flowers in the world”. The annual Nyingchi peach blossom festival has become a signature tourism event on the plateau. The peach blossom valley stretches for 30 kilometers, making it one of the longest in China.(西藏林芝的桃花被誉为“世界上最美的桃花”。一年一度的林芝桃花节已经成为高原上的标志性旅游活动。桃花谷绵延30公里，是中国最长的桃花谷之一)”；第二段“Surrounded by mountains, Nanyi Valley is an ideal spring destination for visitors, where you can find peach and azalea blossoms everywhere.(群山环抱的南一谷是游客们春天的理想去处，在那里你可以看到到处都是桃花和杜鹃花)”以及第三段“One unique feature of the spring sight here is that visitors can enjoy both the peach blossoms and the snow-capped mountains at the same time.(这里春天景色的一个独特之处在于游客可以同时欣赏桃花和雪山)”可知，前三个目的地的共同之处是都有美丽的桃花景色。故选D。
6．【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章标题“Best Spring Destinations In Tibet(西藏最佳春季目的地)”结合文章主要介绍了四个西藏春天值得去的旅游目的地。可推知，文章选自旅行册。故选A。
Passage 3 (记叙文)
（2023·湖北荆门·荆门市龙泉中学校考三模）Todd Bol, a retired businessman, could never have expected that a wooden container he built in his front yard one day would have the global impact it does today.
Bol built a dollhouse-size structure that looked like a schoolhouse on a post and he put it in his yard as a free community library to remember his mother, who was a book lover and school teacher. Bol’s design gave birth to Little Free Library (LFL), a nonprofit organization that seeks to place small, accessible book exchange boxes in neighborhoods around the world. The concept is simple: Neighbors are invited to share a book, leave a book, or both. Today, there are over 50,000 of these libraries registered in 70 countries.
Almost everyone can register with LFL and start a library as long as the person keeps it in good shape and makes sure that book materials are appropriate for his/her neighborhood. Library owners can create their own library boxes; therefore, the libraries are usually unique in appearance, and there seems to be no limit to the possibilities. One library in California was built out of a used wine container; another in Texas had tiny stairs and bright colored walls. Once registered, libraries are assigned a number at LFL’s website. The LFL Index lists the locations of all libraries with GPS coordinates (坐标) and other information. Owners receive a sign saying “Little Free Library”.
People say they have been attracted to pick up a book when walking by a Little Free Library, out of curiosity and because it’s convenient. Some sidewalk librarians say they have met more neighbors since having a little library in their front yard. Bol is also most proud of the way Little Free Library is bringing communities together. “It’s started a neighborhood exchange. It gets people talking and more comfortable with their neighbors,” he says. “This leads to them helping each other.”
7．What does the underlined word “design” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．A community center. B．A dollhouse on a post.
C．A book exchange box. D．A nonprofit organization.
8．What can we learn about the operation of a Little Free Library?
A．There is no limit to the selection of books.
B．The library can come in any shape and color.
C．The library needs to hire many professional librarians.
D．The owner must first be assigned a number from the LFL website.
9．What can be inferred about Little Free Library?
A．It helps improve GPS functions. B．It connects libraries around the world.
C．It makes reading accessible to the poor. D．It helps restore human connections.
10．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．LFL: A Booster to Shared Reading B．LFL: The Best Place to Meet Neighbors
C．Todd Bol: A Successful Book Businessman D．Reading: An Approach to Improving Yourself
【篇章解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Todd Bol退休之后为了纪念自己的母亲在自己家院子建立的供人阅读的木质容器催生了一个非营利组织——小小免费图书馆 ，旨在在世界各地的社区设置小型、方便的图书交换箱。
7．【答案】C
【解析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Bol built a dollhouse-size structure that looked like a schoolhouse on a post and he put it in his yard as a free community library to remember his mother, (Bol在柱子上建造了一个玩偶屋大小的建筑，看起来像校舍，他把它放在自己的院子里，作为一个免费的社区图书馆来纪念他的母亲)”和下文“The concept is simple: Neighbors are invited to share a book, leave a book, or both.(这个概念很简单：邀请邻居分享一本书，留下一本书，或者两者兼而有之)”可知，Bol设计的是装在柱子上的像玩偶屋大小的小小校舍，用来让邻居们交换书籍，所以他设计的是用来交换书箱的小箱子。故选C项。
8．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Library owners can create their own library boxes; therefore, the libraries are usually unique in appearance, and there seems to be no limit to the possibilities. (图书馆所有者可以创建自己的图书馆盒；因此，图书馆在外观上通常是独一无二的，而且似乎没有任何限制) ”可知，免费图书馆外观上没有任何限制，可以有任何形状和颜色。故选B项。
9．【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s started a neighborhood exchange. It gets people talking and more comfortable with their neighbors. This leads to them helping each other. (它开始了邻里交流。它能让人们交谈，让他们和邻居相处得更舒服。这让他们互相帮助) ”可推知，小型免费图书馆帮助恢复人际关系。故选D项。
10．【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Todd Bol, a retired businessman, could never have expected that a wooden container he built in his front yard one day would have the global impact ii does today. (退休商人托德·博尔绝对没有想到，有一天他在自家前院建造的一个木箱会产生今天这样的全球影响) ”、第二段中“The concept is simple: Neighbors are invited to share a book, leave a book, or both. Today, there are over 50 ,000 of these libraries registered in 70 countries.(这个概念很简单：邀请邻居分享一本书，留下一本书，或者两者兼而有之。今天，在70个国家注册的图书馆超过50000个)”和第四段中“People say they have been attracted to pick up a book when walking by a Little Free Library, out of curiosity and because it’s convenient. (人们说，当他们经过一个小型免费图书馆时，他们会被吸引去拿一本书，一方面出于好奇，另一方面是因为它很方便) ”可知，文章主要介绍了在Todd Bol影响下建立的小小免费图书馆LFL (Little Free Library)，它推动了“共享阅读”这一理念的发展。A项“LFL：共享阅读的助推器”是本文最佳标题。故选A项。
Passage 4 (记叙文)
（2023·广东梅州·统考三模）There was a time in my life when I lost everything. My physical health was the first thing to go. I lost the ability to walk and ended up in a wheelchair. I couldn’t go places and do the things I used to do.
After that, I lost everything else. I lost friends who grew tired and weary of waiting for a recovery that might never come. I lost my career, which I had worked for decades to build- my source of independent income. There went my sense of purpose, too. I lost my house. I had nowhere to live and had to move back in with my parents.
With no job, health, friends, or house to come home to, most people would fall into a deep despair. And I did experience depression. But it was my family that gave me faith. I think it was my ability to keep the faith that allowed the faith to be rewarded in the end.
My health returned slowly but surely. I no longer neglected myself and then put my body last. I was grateful that I could now see how necessary my health was, and that it was okay to prioritize myself over a paycheck. For me, health was more important than any other things and should be dealt with first.
New friends entered my life—people with authentic hearts and kind understanding. I was grateful that I lost people along the way to make room for the people who were supposed to be there all along. A new job presented itself as well. I was so grateful that I lost my old job so that one better suited to my hobbies could unfold before my eyes.
When bad things happen, it doesn’t mean that better things aren’t down the line. We just need the strength to hold on to hope. Yes, there was a time in my life when I lost everything—everything except my faith. But the new perspective that I gained was more important than anything that I lost.
11．Why did the author’s friends leave after she was sick?
A．They lost patience. B．They were deeply in debt.
C．They minded their business. D．They found themselves helpless.
12．What inspired the author to fight for survival?
A．New friendship. B．Pursuit of career. C．Desire for fame. D．Family support.
13．What does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph?
A．She regards herself as a total failure. B．She has got back what she once had.
C．She views things from a different aspect. D．She has experienced a lot of tough days.
14．What can be learned from the text?
A．Everything comes to those who wait. B．When one door closes, another opens.
C．History is a mirror reflecting reality. D．Action is worry’s worst enemy.
【篇章解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述的是当作者失去一切的时候，她很沮丧，但在家人的帮助下，作者改变了态度，又逐渐找回了失去的一切。
11．【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I lost friends who grew tired and weary of waiting for a recovery that might never come.(我失去了一些朋友，他们厌倦了等待可能永远不会到来的康复。)”可知，作者的朋友离开作者是因为他们厌倦了等待作者的康复，由此可知，他们失去了耐心。故选A项。
12．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But it was my family that gave me faith.(但我的家人给了我信心。)”可知，作者的家人给了她信心，所以，是作者的家人让她重燃生活的希望。故选D项。
13．【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Yes, there was a time in my life when I lost everything—everything except my faith. But the new perspective that I gained was more important than anything that I lost.(是的，在我生命中有一段时间，我失去了一切——除了我的信仰。但我获得的新视角比我失去的任何东西都重要。)”可知，作者认为获得的新视角比失去的任何东西都更重要，由此可以推断，作者有了新的视角来看待周围的一切。故选C项。
14．【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据尾段“When bad things happen, it doesn’t mean that better things aren’t down the line. We just need the strength to hold on to hope. Yes, there was a time in my life when I lost everything—everything except my faith. But the new perspective that I gained was more important than anything that I lost.(当坏事发生时，并不意味着以后不会有更好的事情发生。我们只需要坚持希望的力量。是的，在我生命中有一段时间，我失去了一切——除了我的信仰。但我获得的新视角比我失去的任何东西都重要。)”并结合上文中讲述的作者自己的经历可知，作者认为当我们失去某些东西的时候，我们也会获得另外一些东西，即，当一扇门关闭时，另一扇会打开。故选B项。
Passage 5(说明文)
（2023·湖南·校联考模拟预测）Every year, Arctic terns(燕鸥) migrate from the Arctic to the Antarctic, a round-trip of about 80,000 kilometers. New research finds that these far-flying birds use just a few select routes for their travels.
“The Arctic tern is well-known to people as a record holder. It holds the world record for the longest migration of any animal, and therefore interacts with a variety of ecosystems along the way,” lead author Joanna Wong says.
“They are an indicator species that can tell us so much about the different ecosystems that they travel through,” Wong continues. “If they don’t make it to their destination in one year, then you know there might be an environmental problem somewhere along their routes.”
Globally, Arctic terns are reducing. Their crossing such a long distance has made it hard for researchers to see where the problem is. “These birds are difficult to study because they are either living in polar environments, or on the go,” Wong says.
So in order to track them, Wong and her colleagues attached light-level geographical positioning devices to the legs of 53 Arctic terns. These devices are actually small computers that record surrounding light intensities(强度). “The length of daylight can tell us the latitude(纬度), while the time of solar noon can tell us the longitude. So we are able to judge positions of the birds,” Wong says.
Researchers compared the routes taken by the birds they followed and the migration timing to other Arctic terns that had previously been tracked. They determined terns in different areas all end up taking similar routes.
Some other seabirds also use the same paths, which suggests that the routes aren’t specific just to the Arctic terns and that protecting them may be beneficial to other species.
15．What are Arctic terns famous for according to the text?
A．Their title of long-distance travelers.
B．Their contribution to local ecosystems.
C．Their ability to survive in polar climates.
D．Their preference for certain migratory routes.
16．Which of the following statements about Arctic terns may Wong agree with?
A．Their final destination changes each year.
B．They choose different migratory routes each year.
C．They help us be aware of related environmental problems.
D．Their migratory journey usually takes more than one year.
17．What challenge does the researchers meet when studying Arctic terns?
A．They can hardly get access to Arctic terns.
B．They know very little about polar environments.
C．They have difficulty protecting Arctic terns’ habitats.
D．They fail to figure out Arctic terns’ migratory routes.
18．What can we learn from the study?
A．Terns around the world live at the same place.
B．The protection of Arctic terns is easy to achieve.
C．Terns’ migratory routes are affected by other seabirds.
D．It’s significant to protect Arctic terns’ migratory routes.
【篇章解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极燕鸥的迁徙路线对人类了解沿途的环境问题很有帮助，文章呼吁人们保护北极燕鸥的迁徙路线，因为这样做对其它的鸟类也有益。
15．【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段““The Arctic tern is well-known to people as a record holder. It holds the world record for the longest migration of any animal, and therefore interacts with a variety of ecosystems along the way,” lead author Joanna Wong says.”（“北极燕鸥是众所周知的记录保持者。它保持着在任何动物迁徙时间中最长的世界纪录，因此一路上与各种生态系统相互作用，”主要作者乔安娜·王说。）可知，北极燕鸥以它们远距离旅行者的头衔而著名。故选A项。
16．【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Wong continues. “If they don’t make it to their destination in one year, then you know there might be an environmental problem somewhere along their routes.””（王继续说。“如果它们在一年内没有达到目的地，那么你就知道在它们的路线上可能会有环境问题。”）可知，北极燕鸥的迁徙时长可以帮我们了解沿途是否有环境问题，推断出王同意的观点是北极燕鸥帮助我们了解相关的环境问题。故选C项。
17．【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段““These birds are difficult to study because they are either living in polar environments, or on the go,” Wong says.”（“这些鸟很难研究，因为他们要么生活在极地环境中，要么在前进中。”王说。）可知，研究北极燕鸥很难的原因是它们要么在北极，要么在路上，推断出研究中最大的挑战是研究者很难接近北极燕鸥。故选A项。
18．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Some other seabirds also use the same paths, which suggests that the routes aren’t specific just to the Arctic terns and that protecting them may be beneficial to other species.”（一些其它的海鸟也使用相同的路径，这表明这些路线不仅仅是北极燕鸥独有的，保护它们可能对其他物种有益。）可知，因为北极燕鸥的迁徙路线也被其它的海鸟使用，保护北极燕鸥的迁徙路线是有意义的。故选D项。
Passage 6(说明文)
（2023·湖北荆门·荆门市龙泉中学校考三模）Is the end of homework near? As new powerful artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT take the Internet by storm, teachers concerned with AI-driven cheating are questioning their teaching and assessment methods.
ChatGPT, the most powerful AI language model ever developed by the company OpenAI, remembers the thread of your dialogue，using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. Deriving its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet, it is fine-tuned using both supervised and reinforcement learning. It is capable of generating natural-sounding text on demand in just a few seconds. The quality of the copy it produces is sufficient to impress teachers in secondary and higher education, and even researchers.
The use of AI tools in copy-writing has sparked an outcry around the world. In the United States，public schools in New York and Seattle have decided to block ChatGPT from their devices and WiFi networks. In France, the prestigious Sciences Po university in Paris has also just announced a strict ban on its use. But experts question whether bans like these are really effective. On one hand, students will always be able to access tools like ChatGPT through other means than school devices. On the other hand, some question the relevance of blocking access to a digital tool whose use is likely to grow in the professional world in the coming years.
Amelie Cordier, a lecturer in artificial intelligence at Lyon University, notes that students haven’t waited for ChatGPT to try to escape the chore of homework — whether by photocopying the library encyclopedia, copy-pasting content from Wikipedia or enlisting their parents’ help. “What is ultimately very important in the learning process is not so much the subject on which you learn, it’s the methodology that you learn to develop around that subject,” Cordier said.
19．Why does the author raise a question in paragraph 1?
A．To arouse the readers’ interest.
B．To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
C．To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D．To reveal the negative effects of artificial intelligence.
20．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT?
A．Its language model. B．Its working theory.
C．Its design inspiration. D．Its development process.
21．Which of the following is probably the reason for the experts’ question?
A．Students can always employ AI tools in other ways.
B．Teachers and researchers are impressed by ChatGPT.
C．The bans have been announced only in the US and France.
D．AI tools have already been widely applied in professional fields.
22．What plays a critical role in learning according to Cordier?
A．Parents’ help. B．The system of methods.
C．The library encyclopedia. D．The content from Wikipedia.
【篇章解读】本文是说明文，介绍了学生们正在用ChatGPT做作业，学校应该禁止使用这一类人工智能工具，还是应该接受它们。
19．【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题，根据第一段“Is the end of homework near? As new powerful artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT take the Internet by storm, teachers concerned with AI-driven cheating are questioning their teaching and assessment methods.(作业快结束了吗？随着ChatGPT等强大的新型人工智能工具在互联网上风靡，担心人工智能作弊的教师们开始质疑自己的教学和评估方法)”可知，作者提出这一问题旨在引起读者的阅读兴趣，故选A项。
20．【答案】B
【解析】段落大意题。根据第二段中“ChatGPT, the most powerful AI language model ever developed by the company OpenAI, remembers the thread of your dialogue，using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. Deriving its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet, it is fine-tuned using both supervised and reinforcement learning. It is capable of generating natural-sounding text on demand in just a few seconds. The quality of the copy it produces is sufficient to impress teachers in secondary and higher education, and even researchers.( ChatGPT是OpenAI公司开发的最强大的人工智能语言模型，它可以记住你的对话线索，使用之前的问题和答案来告知它的下一个回答。它从互联网上大量的信息中得到答案，并使用监督学习和强化学习进行微调。它能够在几秒钟内按需生成听起来自然的文本。它产生的副本的质量足以打动中学和高等教育的教师，甚至研究人员)”可知，本段主要介绍了ChatGPT的工作原理。故选B项。
21．【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But experts question whether bans like these are really effective. On one hand, students will always be able to access tools like ChatGPT through other means than school devices.(但专家质疑这样的禁令是否真的有效。一方面，学生将永远能够通过学校设备以外的其他方式访问ChatGPT等工具)”可知，学生总是能够通过学校设备以外的其他方式访问ChatGPT等工具。故选A项。
22．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题，根据第四段“What is ultimately very important in the learning process is not so much the subject on which you learn, it’s the methodology that you learn to develop around that subject(在学习过程中，最重要的不是你学习的科目，而是你围绕该科目学习的方法)”可知，在学习过程中，最终非常重要的不是你学习的科目，而是你围绕该科目学习的方法。故选B项。
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