12 动物植物(初中英语中考时文阅读+完型填空+任务型阅读)

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A helpful otter一只乐于助人的水獭体裁 记叙文  难度 ★★  词数174Mrs Zhao from Beijing goes to a zoo in Shanghai. There are all kinds of animals at the zoo. She sees a cute otter and takes out her phone to make a video of it. But her phone falls into the water.The otter's name is You Tiao. He sees the phone in the water and quickly jumps into the water. He soon finds the phone and gives it to a zookeeper. The zookeeper then gives the phone to Mrs Zhao.Mrs Zhao is very happy to get her phone back. To thank You Tiao, she gives a pennant(锦旗)to the zoo. “The otter saved my phone. Ill make a trip to see him again!” says Mrs Zhao. You Tiao is the first animal at the zoo to get a pennant, so the zoo gives him more fish for his dinner. Otters like You Tiao at the zoo learn to pick up things in the water. The zoo wants people to see the cute animals' work and stop throwing rubbish into the water. The zookeeper says You Tiao is very smart and he is good at doing this.1.You Tiao helps Mrs Zhao to________.A. make a great videoB. get out of the waterC. give the phone to a zookeeperD. take her phone out of the water2. What does Mrs Zhao give to the zoo?A.A pennant.B. A phone.C. A photo.D.A fish.3.What does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refer to(指的是)?A. Using the phone.B. Throwing rubbish.C. Swimming in the water.D. Picking up things in the water.4.What do we know about Mrs Zhao?A. She is afraid of otters.-B. She buys a new phone.C. She comes from Shanghai.-D. She wants to visit the zoo again.5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Mrs Zhao takes out her phone to take a photo of You Tiao's picking up rubbish in the water.B. You Tiao returns the phone to Mrs Zhao because the zookeeper asks him to do so.C. The zoo gives more fish to You Tiao because he picks up the phone in the water.D. To stop people throwing rubbish into the water, the zookeeper gives the phone to Mrs. Zhao.重点句型及难旬分析:You Tiao is the first animal at the zoo to get a pennant, so the zoo gives him more fish for his dinner.句意:“油条”是动物园里第一只得到锦旗的动物,因此动物园给了他更多的鱼作为晚餐.to get a pennant是不定式短语作后置定语,修饰the first animal; so意为“因此”.答案解析:1.D 根据第二段中的“The otter's name is You Tiao. He sees the phone in the water and quickly jumps into the water. He soon finds the phone and gives it to a zookeeper.”可知,“油条”跳进水里,把手机从水里捡起来,然后给了饲养员.所以“油条”帮助赵女士从水里捡起不慎掉落的手机.故选D.2.A 根据最后一段中的“To thank You Tiao, she gives a pennant to the zoo.”可知,赵女士给了动物园一面锦旗.故选A.3.D 根据最后一段中的“Otters like You Tiao at the zoo learn to pick up things in the water.”可知,像“油条”一样的水獭在动物园都学会了从水里捡东西.这里是说“油条”很擅长这个,因此this指的是从水里捡东西.故选D.4.D根据最后一段中的“The otter saved my phone. I'll make a trip to see him again!' says Mrs. Zhao.”可知,赵女士会再次去动物园看望“油条”.故选D.5.C 根据最后一段中的“You Tiao is the first animal at the zoo to get a pennant, so the zoo gives him more fish for his dinner.”可知,“油条”是动物园里第一只因捡起掉进水里的手机而得到锦旗的动物,所以动物园给了他更多的鱼作为晚餐.故选C. Birds which can fly underwater会水下飞的鸟体裁 说明文 难度★★★  词数 185Which birds can't fly? Did you just think of penguins? Indeed(的确),these cute birds can only walk and maybe run a little bit on the land. But when they're underwater, they can “fly”！Penguins have to work harder than other birds to “fly”. Most birds only use the muscles(肌肉)in their chest(胸部)to move their wings. But penguins use both the muscles in their chest and the muscles between their shoulders to “fly”. The penguin's special wings are called flippers(鳍状肢).A penguin uses the muscles between its shoulders to lift its flippers up. Then, it uses the muscles in its chest to pull the flippers down.Penguins move very fast underwater. When they want to change direction(方向),they usually use their feet and head. If a penguin wants to turn to the right, for example, it puts down its right foot and turns its head to the right. When a penguin wants to stop, its two feet come down and the bird stops flapping(拍打)its flippers. Penguins “fly” freely in the vast(广阔的)oceans!1.What can penguins do on the land according to the passage?A. Walk.B. Run fast.C. Fly.D. Climb trees.2. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?A. Why penguins can “fly”.B. How penguins can “fly”.C. Where penguins can “fly”.D. When penguins can “fly”.3. What can penguins use to change direction?A. Muscles and wings.B. Muscles and shoulders.C. Feet and flippers.D. Feet and head.4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Penguins usually “fly” easily.B. Flippers help penguins “fly”.C. Penguins move fast on land.D. Penguins can fly in the sky.重点句型及难句分析:When they want to change direction, they usually use their feet and head.句意:当它们想改变方向时,它们通常用它们的脚和头.when 意为“当······时候”,引导时间状语从句; change direction 意为“改变方向”.答案解析:1.A 根据第一段中的“．these cute birds can only walk and maybe run a little bit on the land.”可知,在陆地上,企鹅只能走和慢跑.故选A.2.B 第二段阐述企鹅与其他鸟不同,为了“飞”,它既要用胸部间的肌肉也要用肩膀间的肌肉,也就是说,企鹅如何飞.故选B.3.D根据第三段中的“When they want to change direction, they usually use their feet and head.”可知,企鹅用脚和头改变方向.故选D.4.B根据第二段中的“The penguin's special wings are called flippers. A penguin uses the muscles between its shoulders to lit its flippers up...”可知,企鹅特殊的翅膀叫鳍状肢,企鹅利用肩膀的肌肉来抬起鳍状肢,并且利用胸部间的肌肉来放下鳍状肢.由此推断鳍状肢能帮助企鹅“飞”.故选B. How do dogs talk?狗是如何说话的?体裁 说明文 难度★★★  词数 236Most of the time, a dog wags its tail to show that it's friendly. The dog is saying,“ I feel happy!”This dog is having fun. How can you tell? The dog's tail is in the air. Its ears are up. It seems to be smiling.This dog is scared(害怕的). How can you tell? It is hiding. It is saying,“ I feel afraid.”Some dogs use other ways to show they are scared. They may drop their tails between their legs. They may make their ears flat. They may bark. These dogs are also saying,“ I feel afraid.”This dog is angry. How can you tell? It is making a deep sound called a growl(咆哮). It is showing its teeth. It is saying,“________” You should never play with a dog that is angry. It might bite.Young dogs like to play together. They may growl. They may roll in the grass and bite each other. It may seem like these dogs are fighting. But don't worry. That is just the way that young dogs play. It is also a safe way to learn about fighting. Dogs need to know how to protect themselves from other animals.Now you know how to watch and listen. You can look at dogs' ears and tails. You can look at how dogs stand. You can listen to the sounds dogs make. Now you can understand how dogs talk!1. What does a dog usually do when it feels happy?A. It may wag its tail.B. It may drop its tail between their legs.C. It may make a deep sound.D. It may roll in the grass.2.According to the passage, how many ways do dogs use to show they are scared?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.3.Which of the following can we put in the blank of Paragraph 5?A. Come and play with me.B. Stay away from me!C. I am hungry.D. Let's have fun!4.Why does the writer tell us never to play with an angry dog?A. Because it might make a deep sound.B. Because it might show its teeth.C. Because it might bite.D. Because it might play with you.重点句型及难句分析:That is just the way that young dogs play.句意:那只是小狗玩耍的方式.that引导定语从句,修饰the way.答案解析:1.A 根据第一段“Most of the time, a dog wags its tail to show that it's friendly. The dog is saying,' I feel happy!'”和第二段内容可知,大多数时候,当一只狗感到开心时,它会摇尾巴.故选A.2.D 根据第三段和第四段内容可知,当狗感到害怕时,它们会采取躲起来、把尾巴夹在两腿之间、耷拉着耳朵和吠叫这四种方法来表达.故选D.3.B 根据第五段内容可知,当狗生气时,它会发出咆哮声,并且露出牙齿,所以它最有可能在说“离我远点！”.故选B.4.C 根据第五段最后两句可知,我们之所以不应该和一只生气的狗玩,是因为它可能会咬人.故选C. An earthworm's home蚯蚓的家体裁 说明文 难度★★★ 词数281I'm an earthworm. I'd like to welcome you to my home.I live in a wonderful place with plenty of food, fresh air, and just the right amount of moisture.I live in the soil.When some people come into my home, all they see is dirt(泥土).Soil is a lot more than dirt. Soil includes ground(磨碎的)and partly dissolved rocks(溶解的岩石)and minerals(矿物质).Soil contains water and air, too. They are good things for me. I need water to keep my skin moist. I get air from the soil. Can you believe it? I breathe through my skin!Soil also has humus(腐殖质) in it. Humus is small bits of dead plants and animals. Humus is usually brown or black, so it can change the colour of the soil. Humus is food for me. It is what I eat.My home has different layers. The top layer is full of humus, lots of roots, and plenty of air and water. The middle layer has small rocks and some humus. The bottom layer is made up of tree roots and bedrock. I mostly live in the top two layers where there is food, air, and water.I do a lot to fix up my home. When I eat humus, I grind it into even smaller bits. In this way, plants can use it as food. But I do more than that.When I crawl through the soil, I mix the layers. My tunnels help bring air, water, and food to other living things. Even the slime on my skin is good for the soil.Next time you see an earthworm like me, think about how I care for the soil, my home.1. What does an earthworm eat?A. Humus.B. Dirt.C. Rocks.D. Minerals.2. According to the passage, soil includes_________.① water and air② large pieces of rocks and minerals③ dirt④ small bits of dead plants and animalsA.①②③B.①②④C.②③④D.①③④3. How many layers does the earthworm's home have?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.4. What can we learn from the passage?A. Earthworms mostly live in the bottom two layers where there is food, air, and water.B. Plants can use earthworms as food when they grind themselves into small pieces.C. Earthworms are good for soil, plants and other living things.D. Ground and partly dissolved rocks and minerals in soil are not good for earthworms.重点句型及难句分析:I live in a wonderful place with plenty of food, fresh air, and just the right amount of moisture.句意:我住的地方非常棒,食物充足,空气清新,湿度适中.plenty of意为“大量的”,后接可数名词复数或不可数名词;with意为“带有,具有”,表示人或物的特征,with plenty of food, fresh air, and just the right amount of moisture 作后置定语,修饰place.答案解析:1.A 根据第六段中的“Humus is food for me. It is what I eat.”可知,蚯蚓吃的是腐殖质.故选A.2.D 根据第四段“Soil is a lot more than dirt...Soil includes ground and partly dissolved rocks and minerals.”,第五段中的“Soil contains water and air, too.”和第六段中的“Soil also has humus init. Humus is small bits of dead plants and animals.”可知,土壤中不仅仅是泥土,还包含磨碎的和溶解的岩石和矿物质、水和空气、动植物尸体,所以①③④人选,②排除.故选D.3.C 根据第七段中的“My home has different layers. The top layer... The middle layer... The bottom layer...”可知,蚯蚓的家一共有三层.故选C.4.C 根据倒数第三段中的“plants can use it as food”和倒数第二段中的“My tunnels help bring air, water, and food to other living things. Even the slime on my skin is good for the soil.”可知,蚯蚓对土壤、植物和其他生物都有好处.故选C. The UK may stop zoos keeping elephants英国或禁止动物园饲养大象体裁 说明文 难度 ★★★  词数 176The UK wants to make some new rules for its zoos. The rules are mainly  1  elephants. Under the new rules, zoos can't  2  elephants any more.Now, there are 51 elephants in 11 zoos across the UK. According to a  3  ,these clever animals don't live  4 in zoos.Scientists say wild(野生的)elephants like playing and  5  with their family group. They sometimes walk for up to 9 kilometres a day. In the wild, elephants can live to about 60 years old.  6  elephants can only live for about 17 years in zoos.Elephants in zoos  7  have mental(精神的)illness. It's impossible to make them happy because they don't get 8  space and exercise there. And being away from their family group and friends makes them feel bad, too.Many animal lovers like the new  9  . Mark Jones, a man from a charity organisation, said many animals shouldn't be in zoos. Elephants are one of them. In January 2020 the UK  10  to stop elephants and other wild animals performing in circuses(马戏团).Mark hopes the new rules will make elephants live happily in the wild.1.A.fromB. withC. aboutD. between2.A. raiseB. reachC. killD. catch3.A.testB. studyC. factD. message4.A.badlyB. luckilyC. smoothlyD. happily5.A. spendingB. chattingC. sleepingD. travelling6.A.BecauseB. WhenC. ButD. So7.A.hardlyB. usuallyC. neverD. seldom8.A.enoughB. goodC. importantD. cheap9.A.placesB. elephantsC. zoosD. rules10. A. beganB. hopedC. lovedD. failed重点句型及难句分析:Mark Jones, a man from a charity organisation, said many animals shouldn't be in zoos.句意:来自一家慈善组织的Mark Jones说,许多动物不应该在动物园里.a man from a charity organisation 是 Mark Jones 的同位语,指同一个人;many animals shouldn't be in zoos是said的宾语从句.答案解析:1.C 文章主要讲的是大象,所以推测这些新制定的规则是关于大象的.from意为“来自”;with意为“和;有”;about意为“关于”;between意为“在······之间”.故选C.2.A 根据最后一段中的“．．many animals shouldn't be in zoos. Elephants are one of them.”可知,这些新规则要求动物园不再饲养大象.raise意为“饲养;养育”;reach意为“到达”;kill意为“杀死”;catch意为“捉,抓”.故选A.3.B 此处是说根据一项研究.test意为“测验”;study意为“研究”;fact意为“事实”;message 意为“信息;消息”.故选B.4.D 根据第四段中的“It's impossible to make them happy...”可知,大象在动物园里生活得不开心.badly 意为“严重地”;luckily意为“幸运地”;smoothly意为“顺利地”;happily意为“开心地”.故选D.5.D 根据下文中的“They sometimes walk for up to 9 kilometres a day.”可知,此处是说野生大象喜欢群居性地出行.spend意为“度过”;chat 意为“聊天”;sleep意为“睡觉”;travel意为“出行;旅行”.故选D.6.C 根据空格前的“In the wild, elephants can live to about 60 years old.”与空格后的“elephants can only live for about 17 years in zoos”可知,空格前后是转折关系.but意为“但是”,表示转折.故选C.7.B 根据下文中的“It's impossible to make them happy...”可知,由于无法让动物园里的大象感到开心,所以动物园里的大象通常会患某种精神疾病.hardly意为“几乎不”;usually意为“通常”;never意为“从不”;seldom意为“很少”.故选B.8.A 此处是说因为它们没有足够的空间活动和锻炼.enough意为“足够的”;good意为“好的”;important意为“重要的”;cheap意为“便宜的”.故选A.9.D 根据下文中的“Mark hopes the new rules”可知,这里是说很多动物爱好者喜欢这些新规则.rule 意为“规则”.故选D.10.A 根据本段最后一句“Mark hopes the new rules will make elephants live happily in the wild.”可知,此处是说英国已开始禁止在马戏团里用大象及其他野生动物进行表演.begin 意为“开始”;hope 意为“希望”;love意为“喜爱”;fail意为“失败”.故选A. The cactus仙人掌体裁 说明文 难度★★★ 词数 162When you think of the living things in the desert(沙漠),what comes to your mind? You might think of the cactus at once.The cactus can survive(存活)the desert heat without water for a long time. In fact, there are over 2,000 different types of cacti in the world. Some cacti are tall and green, and have spines(刺).But others are much smaller and in many different colours and shapes. Cacti usually live in dry areas.Like all living things, cacti need water to survive. However, in the areas where they live, water is often scarce(稀缺的).To survive, cacti have developed special abilities(能力).These abilities make them able to store(存储)water.In fact, the spines of cacti are their leaves. They protect cacti from animals that eat plants. They also protect cacti from losing water. Most cacti have big roots. They can soak up any rain. And the stems(茎)of cacti make the plants able to store water for a long time.1.How many different types of cacti are there in the world?____________________________________________________________________________________________2. What do cacti look like?____________________________________________________________________________________________3. Where do cacti usually live?____________________________________________________________________________________________4. How can spines protect cacti?____________________________________________________________________________________________5. Which part of the cactus can store water for a long time? ____________________________________________________________________________________________重点句型及难句分析:However, in the areas where they live, water is often scarce.句意:然而,在它们生活的地区,水往往是稀缺的.where引导定语从句,修饰areas.答案解析:1. There are over 2,000 different types of cacti in the world.2. Some cacti are tall and green, and have spines. But others are much smaller and in many different colours and shapes.3. Cacti usually live in dry areas.4. Spines protect cacti from animals that eat plants. They also protect cacti from losing water.5.Its stems. 津津有味Why can ants easily “walk on walls”?为什么蚂蚁可以轻松“攀岩”?We all know that gravity pulls everything down to the earth. In the sport of rock climbing, for example, one needs to have a strong grip in order not to fall from a rock wall. But many insects, such as ants, can easily climb up walls. So, why don't they fall off?Although walls can look very smooth to us, there're actually many tiny holes and very narrow cracks in them. Ants and many other insects have hundreds of thousands of tiny hairs on their feet. These hairs can fit into the holes and cracks in the walls. The molecules in the hairs stick to the molecules on the walls. This force is stronger than the insect's own gravity, so it can stay safely on the walls.Besides, some insects can also produce some sticky chemicals from the ends of these hairs. These chemicals are like glue and help insects stick to a wall. Watch a fly walk on a surface. You may see its small “footprints” there because there is sticky “glue” on its feet.开心辞典gravity n. 重力crack n.裂缝pull v.拉,拽molecule n.分子grip n.握力stick v.黏,贴rock n.岩石force n.力,力量insect n.昆虫produce v.产生although conj.虽然,尽管sticky adj.黏性的smooth adj.光滑的chemical n.化学品,化学制品actually adv.实际上glue n.胶水tiny adj.极小的surface n. 表面hole n.洞footprint n.脚印,足迹narrow adj.狭窄的