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江苏省南京师范大学附属中学新城初级中学2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（含答案）
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这是一份江苏省南京师范大学附属中学新城初级中学2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（含答案），共27页。
2022-2023学年江苏省南京师大附中新城中学八年级（下）期末英语试卷
1. Маnу college students would like to work in the ______ part of China，like Shanghai and Guangzhou after they leave school.（ ）
A. north B. south C. northern D. southern
2. - How do you keep in touch with your online friends，Sandy？
- We mainly communicate ____ email.（ ）
A. with B. by C. on D. through
3. - Do you have any good ways to live a green life？
- All of us think _______ important to help young trees to stay alive.（ ）
A. it B. its C. this D. that
4. Chinese students can expect to study in good universities，________ world-class universities with Chinese characteristics because our government has decided to build a strong country in education.（ ）
A. exactly B. mostly C. especially D. nearly
5. -What should I prepare if I want to travel to Australia this summer，Peter？
-Remember Australian seasons are ______ ours.（ ）
A. as hot as B. the opposite of
C. the same as D. similar to
6. -Why are you in such a hurry，Tony？
-The parade ______ for five minutes.I don't want to miss too much.（ ）
A. started B. has started C. has been on D. was on
7. - You look sad，Amy？
- I don't know who _______ about this problem.（ ）
A. can I tell B. can I say C. to speak D. to talk to
8. -The oil on our earth will ______ some day.
-I think so.We should make good use of it.（ ）
A. hand out B. run out C. find out D. come out
9. -What news are you reading，Grandpa？
-The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou from September 23rd to October 8th.（ ）
A. will be held B. are held
C. were held D. are going to hold
10. -Why do you recommend Sandy to be a volunteer for the meeting？
-She is _______ to notice small changes around her.（ ）
A. too careful B. careful enough
C. too careless D. careless enough
11. -Can I take photos of this painting by Picasso？
-No.Look at the sign.It ______"NO PHOTOS".（ ）
A. is written B. is said C. writes D. says
12. Gui Haichao，a professor from Beihang University，______ working at China's space station，Tiangong after receiving training as an astronaut.（ ）
A. used to B. got used to C. was used as D. was used for
13. We should plant more trees because they help keep soil _______ even if there is a storm.（ ）
A. in place B. in position C. in public D. in order
14. - Would you mind giving me some advice on learning English，Mr.Wu？
-______.You can begin with some interesting English stories.（ ）
A. My pleasure B. It doesn't matter
C. Better not D. Of course not
15. -My cousin's school is greater than mine.She always has less homework than me.
-______.Maybe your school is better than hers in some other ways.（ ）
A. It never rains but pours
B. Don't put all eggs in one basket
C. The grass is always greener on the other side
D. Actions speak louder than words
There are certain things you never imagine yourself saying.
"I just got a worm in my eye!"is one of them.And yet I did say it—I screamed it，actually.
The family was all here，and we were in the garden when I saw a worm nearby.I asked my 6-year-old grandson to come over and remove the worm.He picked up the worm，studied it quickly and then threw it into the （1） ______ .
The worm quickly fell back to earth，landing on my face （2） ______ my left eyelid.That's when the screaming and the jumping up and down started.
You know how they say when you meet a small creature？The small creature is just as （3） ______ you as you are of it？They lie.
The worm showed no fear.I，however，am still having nightmares about the （4） ______ ， which was several days ago.
The most important thing in all this is that my grandson said he was sorry to me.
I'd just been reading a book that makes a connection （5） ______ adults doing the slow and hard work of teaching manners to children and greater levels of civility in society.
Table manners，language manners and even manners in dress all show levels of self-control.
Having self-control（6） ______ what we say and how we behave，making many of us appear a good deal better than we really are.
Good manners also have the possibility to make mealtime a pleasant time，even with small children.
All of my grandchildren，except the ones who can't yet talk，ask to be （7） ______ before leaving the table.
It is a sign of respect for others at the table and a sign of respect for the meal （8） ______ .It's also more pleasant than pushing one's chair back and running for the back yard.
Those tall enough，and even those not tall enough，also take their （9） ______ to the kitchen.
Manners are what civilize us-around our tables and in our families，homes and（10） ______ .
So when a little boy has the courage to apologize to a grandma who is screaming and jumping up and down，at least we know that our years of teaching young people manners are paying off-one worm at a time.
----By Lori Borgman
16. A. ground B. air C. river D. fire
17. A. into B. onto C. around D. against
18. A. afraid B. happy C. angry D. ashamed
19. A. situation B. condition C. parade D. experience
20. A. both B. either C. between D. from
21. A. limits B. controls C. manages D. gather
22. A. forgotten B. excused C. refused D. hidden
23. A. itself B. themselves C. ourselves D. himself
24. A. worms B. rubbish C. dishes D. fingers
25. A. communities B. communication C. darkness D. conversations
Q
2.5 KM
Family Run
Family（one adult and a child）；
＄45 （early bird）
＄50 （normal）
Every additional adult；
＄25 （early bird）
＄30 （normal）
Every additional child；
＄20 （early bird）
＄25 （normal）
Charity Run 2023，Oct 21，Saturday
7 am onward
Silver Leaf.The gardens by the bay
For more information ，please visit：
Charity run.com
5 KM
Fun Run
Individual；
＄35 （early bird）
＄40 （normal）
Group of 4；
＄130 （early bird）
＄150 （normal）
10 KM
Competitive
Individual；
＄45 （early bird）
＄50 （normal）
Group of 4；
＄170 （early bird）
＄190 （normal）
Early bird pricing ends on Sunday ，Aug 20，2023
Registration closes on Sunday ，Sept 10，2023
Join us at the Family Carnival from 8 am-3 pm after running!
26. When does the charity run activity take place？ ______
A. On Aug 20. B. On Sept 10. C. On Oct 21. D. On Oct 31.
27. Cindy，20，her brother，8，and her parents want to join the Family Run.How much should they pay before Aug 20？ ______
A. ＄90. B. ＄95. C. ＄100. D. ＄105.
28. Which of the following is true？ ______
A. The registration fees are all the same.
B. The charity run will end at 5 pm on Aug 20.
C. The fun run is 10 kilometers long.
D. More information is available on the website.
R
After a whole week of rain，we finally had a comfortable，beautiful summer day outside.My family and I were driving to a nearby town when my daughter found a yard sale，We saw old toys and a couple of guitars.We saw huge piles of clothes and even a piece of furniture or two for sale.Best of all，we saw lots of smiling people talking，laughing，sitting and standing in the sunshine.
Seeing all of this brought back memories of my childhood.Most of my clothes back then came from yard sales.My mom was a talented yard sale shopper.I used to hate going to them until one special day when I saw that they also sold old books there.After that，I always browsed the books until it was time to go and sometimes my mom would buy me one too.Soon a large part of my home library came from yard sale books.To me，they were more priceless than new ones.
Why do we have yard sales？We get rid of our old things and we buy " new"old things.But it certainly isn't for the money.It's that yard sales bring us together.We talk and catch up with old friends and new neighbours.We connect with kindness and our love for all the old stuff（物品）.
I think yard sales teach us something about life too.We can't really own anything here，after all.All we get is to have the stuff for a period of time.Then it is time to let it go and pass it on.
29. What made the writer start enjoying yard sales？ ______
A. She found old books there. B. Her mom liked yard sales.
C. She found her talents there. D. She saw smiling people there.
30. Why did the writer use " new"in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. To show the stuff could draw people's attention.
B. To show the excitement of finding special stuff.
C. To show that the stuff was not actually new.
D. To prove that the stuff was valuable or special.
31. According to the writer，what is the main reason why people have yard sales？ ______
A. To make money. B. To get rid of old things.
C. To find valuable stuff. D. To connect with others.
S
Jane，a reporter，is collecting information for the local newspaper.She is interested in the following things introduced in a magazine.
Smart Schoolbag
Forget to pack the books you need into your schoolbag in the morning rush？
A schoolboy aged 11 has invented a schoolbag.It tells you which books to pack.A small computer and a scanner（扫描装置） are fixed in the bag.As each book is put into the bag，it is checked by the scanner.If any book is missing，a message will be shown on the computer screen to remind you.
Weather Sweets
Can you eat weather？
A university makes that happen.It uses a 3 D printer to create sweets based on the weather information of a certain day.
The shapes of the sweets are affected by wind speed.The colors of the sweets are decided by temperature.The sweets act as a weather record or the day when they are made.
Sunrise Bed
It's hard for you to get up in the morning，isn't it？
To help you get up，a company has created a "tool"—a sunrise bed.
It wakes you up gently as a sunrise does.Lights built into the bed turn on and start to get brighter and brighter.When the lights are fully on，soft music will begin to play.It will be louder and louder until you turn it off.The company explains， "The gentle light tells your body that it is morning，so it stops producing a chemical that helps you sleep."
32. What can the smart schoolbag do？ ______
A. Help you repair computers. B. Tell you when to pack books.
C. Teach you how to fix screens. D. Remind you of the missing books.
33. What affects the shapes of the weather sweets？ ______
A. Colors. B. Wind speed. C. Temperature. D. 3 D printers.
34. Which of the following shows how a sunrise bed wakes you up？ ______
A. lights on →music on→lights brighter → music louder
B. music on→music louder→lights on→lights brighter
C. lights on→ lights brighter → music on →music louder
D. music on →lights on → music louder→lights brighter
35. What does the underlined word"it" in Sunrise Bed refer to？ ______
A. Your body. B. The bed. C. The light. D. Your room.
T
Dennis didn't feel like sleeping.He had gone to bed at the same time every night for as long as he could remember.He was tired of going to bed when his parents told him to.So one night，when fall seemed over，but it wasn't yet winter，he decided he would stay up!
What Dennis didn't realize is that staying awake at night is hard when your body needs to sleep.He tried everything he could think of to stop himself from falling asleep.He tried counting wolves （if counting sheep makes you sleepy，then counting wolves must surely do the opposite），but unfortunately it made him even more tired.He started to suspect that it was the counting，and not the choice of animal，that made people sleepy.
Dennis was just about ready to give up when he heard a squeak（吱吱叫）from his hamster（仓鼠）Charlie.He went over to Charlie's cage，but it was empty.Dennis followed the sounds of squeaking until he found Charlie on the floor，looking behind the door.Dennis noticed that something back there was throwing things at Charlie!Coins，balls of paper，and even some stones were flying in Charlie's direction，as he squeaked.
" What's there，Charlie？" Dennis asked as he picked up the hamster and walked towards the door.
What he saw made him wonder if he had actually fallen asleep and not realized it.
" It's a….it's a rabbit!" he said.No bigger than Charlie（and no smaller），the rabbit wore a yellow shirt，a tiny pair of green pants，and a hat.
"Why are you throwing things at my hamster，rabbit？" asked Dennis.
"Why do you keep a vicious（凶猛的）hamster as a pet，human？" asked the rabbit. "Charlie is not vicious!More importantly，why are you in my room，rabbit？" asked Dennis.That is an interesting question，human. "
My name is not 'human'，it's Dennis. "Dennis said angrily. "I already know your name.And rabbits have names too!"
Dennis didn't say anything for a moment，and neither did the rabbit.It was an awkward（尴尬的）silence for everyone except Charlie who，as usual，had fallen asleep shortly after Dennis picked him up.
Well，what is your name then？" asked Dennis.
36. When did the story take place？ ______
A. One night in late autumn. B. One late afternoon in summer.
C. One afternoon in early spring. D. One early morning in winter.
37. Why does the writer uses the punctuation mark"…"in the sentence" It's a…it's a rabbit!"？ ______
A. To show his certainty of this subject
B. To hide his limited knowledge in animals.
C. To express Dennis' surprise at the rabbit.
D. To display Dennis' worry about his hamster.
38. Which is the right order of the following events？ ______
a.Dennis heard the sounds of squeaking.
b.The rabbit threw balls of paper at Charlie.
c.Dennis tried to count wolves to stay awake.
d.Charlie fell asleep shortly after Dennis picked him up.
A. c-d-a-b B. d-a-c-b C. d-c-a-b D. c-b-a-d
39. What is the best title for the story？ ______
A. Dennis' lovely hamster B. Ways to stay up late
C. Dennis' unusual night D. Advice on falling asleep
40. According to the last paragraph，what would most probably happen next？ ______
A. The rabbit would run away at once.
B. The rabbit would tell Dennis his name.
C. The rabbit would throw things at Dennis.
D. The rabbit would fall asleep with Dennis.
41. The ______ （调查）shows us that the students are doing a lot to protect the animals.
42. -Do you know all the ______ （病人） cases well，Dr.Ma？
-Sure.In this way，I can have more chances to cure them.
43. IT is ______ （发展）so quickly that no one can tell what a smart phone will be like in ten years.
44. After hearing the bad news，the mother looked much ______ （苍白的）.
45. Don't throw away rubbish ______ （满不在乎地），or there will be litter everywhere.
46. To be a good student，you should plan your time well and use every minute ______ （wise）.
47. If you have to push past others，remember to avoid ______ （touch） their bodies.
48. The car sometimes goes wrong.It may cause accidents if it ______ （ not check） right away.
49. It is ______ （mean） for us to discover around 13，000 pieces of relics（文物） in China's Sanxingdui ruins.
50. Early ______ （ treat） can help prevent and reduce many health problems.
51. 我们爱心义卖活动的目的是为贫困地区的孩子募集资金。
The purpose of our Charity Sales is ______ children in poor areas.
52. 不论处境多么艰难，我们都绝不应放弃实现我们的梦想。
No matter how hard it is，we should never give up ______ .
53. 需要更多的志愿者和资金来继续开展我们的慈善工作。
More volunteers and money are needed to ______ our charity work.
54. 考试时，学生不允许依靠任何智能设备。
Students aren't allowed ______ any smart equipment while taking exams.
55. 互联网对我们的日常生活产生了重大影响。
The Internet has ______ our daily lives.
56. Chinese President Xi Jinping recently replied to a letter from volunteers in a community in Shanghai.They help with garbage sorting.
In his reply，Xi said he was happy to know that after recent years of publicity （推广），the volunteers' community has made new progress in garbage sorting.He also hopes volunteers could encourage more people to develop the habit of sorting garbage.
Since 2019，more than 22，000 garbage stations have been upgraded in Shanghai，according to the Shanghai Observer website.A huge change has taken place in the city in recent years：people once refused to sort garbage，but now they are actively joining in the activity.Garbage sorting has become a "new fashion".
To promote the fashion，the community also makes use of technology in garbage sorting.There are special recycling machines besides the garbage cans.People scan the code on the machine，put in paper or clothes，and then get money from it.
"Sorting trash is a way to make the community a better place.It can benefit the residents.For example，house prices may go up，" said Cui Fenglin，36，a representative of the Shanghai volunteers.He said many people changed their minds after this kind of "persuasion（劝说）"from volunteers.
Sixteen-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting."My classmates and I even made an animation （动画） to help people understand how sorting trash can influence the environment，"Yu said.
In the future，the community will hold more events and work with local schools to promote a greener lifestyle，said Cui.By 2022，about 297 cities in China had fully implemented （实行） trash sorting，reported CCTV News.The whole country is going to implement trash sorting by the end of 2025，according to a national-level working conference held on May 23.
Garbage（1） ______ a new trend
President Xi's（2） ______ to a letter from Shanghai volunteers
★be happy to know about their new progress in garbage sorting；
★hope more people could be（3） ______ to develop the habit of garbage sorting；
The successful work of the community and its volunteers
Achievements
★They have upgraded（4） ______ 22，000 garbage stations.
★People in Shanghai（5） ______ to refuse garbage sorting，but now they take an（6） ______ part in it.
Actions
★making use of technology；
★persuading residents by stating that garbage sorting may make the house prices（7） ______
★（8） ______ posters and writing articles about garbage sorting；
Future（9） ______
★To hold more events；
★To work with local schools；
★To implement garbage sorting（10） ______ the country by the end of 2025；
(1)
(2)
57.
Blasting off to space
Chinese astronauts（宇航员）succeeded again!The Shenzhou XVI spacecraft （1）s ______ reached space on May，30.It marked the（2）b ______ of the Shenzhou XVI mission，and it is hoped that the spacecraft will also manage to complete the following tasks.This is not only the first flight of China's third generation of astronauts，（ 3）b ______ the first time a Chinese civilian（平民） has traveled to space，reported China Daily.
There are three crew members （4）o ______ board：mission commander（指令长）Jing Haipeng，spaceflight engineer Zhu Yangzhu and professor Gui Haichao.
This is the fourth time Jing has （5）v ______ space，making him the most experienced astronaut in China.Gui is the （6）f ______ Chinese civilian on a spaceflight.Both Zhu.and Gui are China's third-generation of astronauts.One woman and 17 men，（ 7）i ______ Zhu and Gui，were picked from a group of researchers and engineers in 2020.They are in three groups.Spacecraft pilots and spaceflight engineers are responsible for flying the spacecraft and （8）f ______ the spacecraft when it doesn't work properly.
The crew will stay inside the Tiangong space station for around five months.They will return to Earth in （9）N ______ .They will do spacewalks，（ 10）p ______ help when other spacecraft visit the Tiangong space station and finish many science tasks in space.
All Chinese people are proud to have so many excellent astronauts trying their best to serve the country.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
58. "南京是我家，文明靠大家"，每一位南京市民都应积极参与文明城市（civilized city）的建设。请根据以下问题，思考身为中学生的我们应该如何做，才能助力文明城市的创建，与"宁"同行。写一篇英语短文。
（1）How do we help people in need？
（2）How do we behave at home and in public？
（3）How do we go green？
注意：（1）词数 90左右，文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数；
（2）必须包含所有要点，可适当发挥；短文语言要通顺，意思连贯；
（3）文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称。
How to make Nanjing a civilized city Nanjing is now trying to become a civilized city.As students，what should we do？
答案和解析
1.【答案】D
【解析】north北，名词；south南，名词；northern北方的，形容词；southern南方的，形容词。这里修饰名词part，用形容词，A和B不正确。根据"比如上海和广州"可知，应该是"南方的"。C不正确。
故选：D。
许多大学生毕业后都想去中国南方工作，比如上海和广州。
形容词通常修饰名词或构成系表结构，要抓住关键词句，结合语境选择适当的形容词完成试题。
2.【答案】B
【解析】with带有，具有；by通过；on在……上；through通过。根据"We mainly communicate"可知，此处是"我们主要通过电子邮件进行沟通"。by email"通过电子邮件"。
故选：B。
-桑迪，你是如何与你的网友保持联系的？
-我们主要通过电子邮件进行沟通。
考查介词的辨析。熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
3.【答案】A
【解析】it它；its它的；this这；that那。根据观察和分析可知题干使用了it作形式宾语的用法，真正宾语是动词不定式短语，本题答案是A。
故选：A。
--你有过绿色生活的好方法吗？
--我们大家都认为帮助小树存活是重要的。
本题主要考查it作形式宾语的用法。
4.【答案】C
【解析】exactly确切地；mostly主要地；especially特别、尤其；nearly几乎。根据"中国学生可以期望在好的大学学习，......具有中国特色的世界级大学，因为我们的政府已经决定建设一个强大的教育国家。"可知，应该是"尤其"。
故选：C。
中国学生可以期望在好的大学学习，尤其是具有中国特色的世界级大学，因为我们的政府已经决定建设一个强大的教育国家。
要结合语境，辨析副词用法，选择合适答案完成试题。
5.【答案】B
【解析】 as hot as和……一样热；the opposite of在……对面；the same as和……相同；similar to和……相似。根据What should I prepare if I want to travel to Australia this summer"彼得如果我想今年夏天去澳大利亚旅行，我应该准备什么"可知，从此是"澳大利亚的季节与我们的季节相反"。
故选：B。
-彼得如果我想今年夏天去澳大利亚旅行，我应该准备什么？
-记住，澳大利亚的季节与我们的季节相反。
熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
6.【答案】C
【解析】start开始，过去式或过去分词是started，started；be on的意思是"进行，上映"。选项A是一般过去时；选项B是现在完成时；选项C是现在完成时；选项D是一般过去时。根据句子中的for five minutes可知空格处使用现在完成时态，可先排除A和D。start是短暂性动词，现在完成时不与一段时间状语连用，可排除B。本题答案是C。
故选：C。
--陶泥，你为什么这么匆忙？
--游行开始五分钟了。我不想错过太多了。
本题考点是现在完成时的基本用法。
7.【答案】D
【解析】根据观察和分析可知题干使用了"疑问词+动词不定式"结构作宾语的用法。speak to sb和......说话；talk to sb和......谈话，因此本题答案是D。
故选：D。
--Amy，你看起来沮丧？
--我不知道和谁谈这个问题。
本题主要考查"疑问词+动词不定式"作宾语的用法。
8.【答案】B
【解析】hand out分发；run out用光、耗尽；find out查明；come out出现。根据"We should make good use of it."可知，地球上的石油总有一天会耗尽的，因此选run out。
故选：B。
--地球上的石油总有一天会耗尽的。
--我想是的。我们应该好好利用它。
要牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。
9.【答案】A
【解析】will be held一般将来时的被动语态；are held一般现在时的被动语态；were held一般过去时的被动语态；are going to hold一般将来时。根据"The 19th Asian Games ...in Hangzhou from September 23rd to October 8th."结合常识，可知第19届亚运会将于2023年9月23日至10月8日在杭州举行，因此时态用一般将来时，且主语The 19th Asian Games和谓语动词hold之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；一般将来时的被动语态结构为will be+动词的过去分词。
故选：A。
--爷爷，你在看什么新闻？
--第19届亚运会将于9月23日至10月8日在杭州举行。
掌握一般将来时被动语态的结构和用法是解答本题的关键。
10.【答案】B
【解析】too careful太仔细；careful enough足够仔细；too careless太粗心；careless enough足够粗心。根据"你为什么推荐桑迪做会议的志愿者？"可知，应该是"足够仔细"，能够注意到周围的变化。be+形容词+enough to do sth"足够......做某事"固定搭配。
故选：B。
--你为什么推荐桑迪做会议的志愿者？
--她非常仔细，能注意周围的细微变化。
要结合语境，辨析形容词和副词用法，积累一些搭配，选择合适答案完成试题。
11.【答案】D
【解析】is written被写；is said被说；writes写；says说。这里用主动语态，It代指sign"标牌"，表示上面写着提醒的话，用单词says。
故选：D。
--我能给毕加索的这幅画拍照吗？
--不，看标牌，上面写着"禁止拍照"。
动词是表示动作或者是状态的词，要结合语境，注意时态，人称等变化，掌握一些固定搭配，选择合适答案完成试题。
12.【答案】B
【解析】used to do sth.过去常常做某事；got used to习惯于做某事；was used as被用作；was used for被用作。根据"working at China's space station，Tiangong after receiving training as an astronaut"可知，此处是"习惯了在中国天宫空间站工作"。
故选：B。
来自北航大学的桂海潮教授在接受宇航员培训后，习惯了在中国天宫空间站工作。
熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
13.【答案】A
【解析】 in place在原地；in position就位；in public在公众；in order按顺序。根据We should plant more trees"我们应该多种树"可知，此处是"它们也有助于保持土壤的不流失"。keep soil in place"保持土壤不流失"。
故选：A。
我们应该多种树，因为即使有暴风雨，它们也有助于保持土壤的不流失。
考查介词短语的辨析。熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
14.【答案】A
【解析】My pleasure我的荣幸；It doesn't matter没关系；Better not最好不要；Of course not当然不。根据"吴先生，你介意给我一些学习英语的建议吗？"及下一句"你可以从一些有趣的英语故事开始。"可知，应该说"我的荣幸。"表礼貌。
故选：A。
--吴先生，你介意给我一些学习英语的建议吗？
--我的荣幸。你可以从一些有趣的英语故事开始。
在日常学习中要从实际情景交际中多练习，掌握一些习惯用语。结合语境，分析选项，选择正确的回答，完成练习。
15.【答案】C
【解析】It never rains but pours.祸不单行；Don't put all eggs in one basket.不要孤注一掷；The grass is always greener on the other side.邻家芳草绿；Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。根据My cousin's school is greater than mine.She always has less homework than me.（我表妹的学校比我的大。她的家庭作业总是比我少。）可知，我在羡慕表妹的学校，结合选项，邻家芳草绿能表达此含义。
故选：C。
——我表妹的学校比我的大。她的家庭作业总是比我少。
——邻家芳草绿。也许你们学校在其他方面比她的好。
做题时要先了解题干及选项的意思，对其用法做到心里有数，再根据具体的语境来选择正确答案。
16~25.【答案】B、D、A、D、C、A、B、A、C、A
【解析】（1）考查名词。句意：他捡起虫子，迅速研究了一下，然后把它扔到空中。A.地面；B.空气；C.河流；D.火灾。根据The worm quickly fell back to earth（虫子很快掉回了地上）可知，然后把它扔到空中。故选B。
（2）考查介词。句意：虫子很快掉回了地上，落在我的脸上，靠在我的左眼睑上。A.进入；B.朝；C.围绕；D.倚靠。根据landing on my face（落在我的脸上）可知，靠在我的左眼睑上。故选D。
（3）考查形容词。句意：这个小家伙和你一样害怕它。A.害怕的；B.高兴的；C.愤怒的；D.羞愧的。根据The worm showed no fear（蠕虫没有表现出恐惧）可知，和你一样害怕它。故选A。
（4）考查名词。句意：然而，我仍然在做噩梦，梦见几天前的经历。A.情况；B.条件；C.游行；D.经历。根据which was several days ago（几天以前的事情）可知，梦见几天前的经历。故选D。
（5）考查介词。句意：我刚刚读了一本书，书中把为孩子们缓慢而艰苦地教授礼貌的成年人与社会中更高水平的文明联系起来。A.两者都；B.也，位于否定句句末，有逗号隔开；C.在......之间；D.从。根据and可知，这里为between...and..."在......和......之间"。故选C。
（6）考查动词。句意：自我控制限制了我们的言行，使我们中的许多人看起来比实际情况要好得多。A.限制；B.控制；C.管理；D.收集。根据making many of us appear a good deal better than we really are（使我们中的许多人看起来比实际情况要好得多）可知，自我控制限制了我们的言行。故选A。
（7）考查动词的过去分词。句意：我所有的孙子，除了那些还不会说话的孙子，在离开餐桌前都请求请求准予离开。A.遗忘；B.请求准予离开；C.拒绝；D.隐藏。根据Good manners also have the possibility to make mealtime a pleasant time，even with small children.（良好的礼貌也有可能使用餐时间变得愉快，即使是对小孩子来说也是如此。）可知，在离开餐桌前都请求请求准予离开。故选B。
（8）考查反身代词。句意：这是对餐桌上其他人的尊重，也是对用餐本身的尊重。A.它自己；B.他们自己；C.我们自己；D.他自己。根据for the meal（对用餐）可知，对用餐本身的尊重，这里用itself。故选A。
（9）考查名词。句意：那些足够高的人，甚至那些不够高的人也会把盘子拿到厨房。A.蠕虫；B.垃圾；C.盘子；D.手指。根据the kitchen（厨房）可知，甚至那些不够高的人也会把盘子拿到厨房。故选C。
（10）考查名词。句意：礼仪是使我们在餐桌旁、在家庭、家里和社区中文明的东西。A.社区；B.沟通；C.黑暗；D.对话。根据in our families，homes（在家庭、家里）可知，在家庭、家里和社区中文明的东西。故选A。
本文讲述了礼仪的重要性。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
26~28.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据表格中Charity Run 2023，Oct 21，Saturday.（慈善跑2023，10月21日，星期六。）可知慈善跑活动在10月21日举办，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据表格中Early bird pricing ends on Sunday ，Aug 20，2023.（早鸟定价将于2023年8月20日星期日结束。）结合第一个表格中Family（one adult and a child）：＄45 （early bird）；Every additional adult：＄25 （early bird）（家庭（一名成人和一名儿童）：45美元（早鸟）；每增加一名成人：25美元（早鸟））可知20岁的辛迪，她8岁的弟弟和她的父母想加入家庭跑步。他们在8月20日之前应该支付45+25+25=95美元，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据表格中For more information ，please visit：Charity run．com.（更多信息请访问：Charity run.com.）可知更多信息请访问网站，故选D。
本文主要介绍了慈善跑相关信息，包括举办的时间，地点，距离，报名时间以及价格等信息。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
29~31.【答案】A、C、D
【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据第二段I used to hate going to them until one special day when I saw that they also sold old books there.（我以前很讨厌去他们那里，直到有一天我看到他们也在那里卖旧书。）可知是从她在那发现了旧书开始的。故选A。
（2）根据第三段Why do we have yard sales？We get rid of our old things and we buy " new"old things.（为什么我们有庭院销售？我们扔掉旧东西，买"新的"旧东西。）可知此处作者指的是这些东西其实并不新。故选C。
（3）根据第三段But it certainly isn't for the money.It's that yard sales bring us together.We talk and catch up with old friends and new neighbours.We connect with kindness and our love for all the old stuff（物品）.（但肯定不是为了钱。是旧物拍卖让我们走到了一起。我们与老朋友和新邻居聊天、叙旧。我们与善良和对所有旧物的爱联系在一起。）可知是为了和别人建立联系。故选D。
短文讲述了作者一家在一个晴朗的夏日开车去附近城镇时，发现了一个庭院拍卖会。他们看到了旧玩具、吉他、大量的衣服和家具等等。这让作者回忆起了自己小时候从庭院拍卖会上买到的衣服和书籍。作者认为，庭院拍卖会不仅是为了卖掉旧物品，更是为了让人们聚在一起，交流和分享。庭院拍卖会也教会了我们，我们不能永远拥有任何东西，只有在一段时间内拥有它们，然后将它们传递给下一个人。
在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
32~35.【答案】D、B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第四段It tells you which books to pack.（它会告诉你要收拾哪些书。）可知，智能书包能提醒你丢失的书。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段The shapes of the sweets are affected by wind speed.（糖果的形状受风速的影响。）可知，风速影响天气糖果的形状。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段It wakes you up gently as a sunrise does.Lights built into the bed turn on and start to get brighter and brighter.When the lights are fully on，soft music will begin to play.It will be louder and louder until you turn it off.The company explains， "The gentle light tells your body that it is morning，so it stops producing a chemical that helps you sleep."（它会像日出一样轻轻地唤醒你。床上的灯打开，开始变得越来越亮。当灯完全打开时，柔和的音乐就会开始播放。在你关掉之前，声音会越来越大。该公司解释道："柔和的光告诉你的身体现在是早晨，因此它停止产生有助于睡眠的化学物质。"）可知，灯打开→灯光更亮→音乐打开→音乐更响。故选C。
（4）代词指代题。根据最后一段The gentle light tells your body that it is morning，so it stops producing a chemical that helps you sleep.（柔和的光线告诉你的身体现在是早晨，所以它停止产生帮助你睡觉的化学物质。）可猜测出，下划线单词"it"应是指"你的身体"。故选A。
本文主要介绍了三种新奇的产品：智能书包、天气糖果和日出床。智能书包内置小型电脑和扫描仪，能够检测书本是否齐全；天气糖果则是根据当天的天气信息，使用3 D打印机制作而成，形状和颜色都与天气有关；日出床则能够模拟日出，通过渐亮的灯光和轻柔的音乐，帮助人们轻松起床。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
36~40.【答案】A、C、D、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段So one night，when fall seemed over，but it wasn't yet winter，he decided he would stay up!（所以有一天晚上，秋天似乎结束了，但还没有到冬天，他决定熬夜！）可知故事发生在深秋的一个夜晚。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Dennis noticed that something back there was throwing things at Charlie!Coins，balls of paper，and even some stones were flying in Charlie's direction，as he squeaked.（丹尼斯注意到后面有东西朝查理扔东西！硬币、纸团，甚至一些石头都朝查理的方向飞去，查理吱吱作响。）可知作者在句子"它是……它是一只兔子！"中使用标点符号"……" 隐藏他对动物的有限知识。故选C。
（3）事件顺序题。根据第二段He tried counting wolves （他试着数狼。）第三段Coins，balls of paper，and even some stones were flying in Charlie's direction，as he squeaked.（硬币、纸团，甚至一些石头都朝查理的方向飞去，查理吱吱作响。）倒数第二段as usual，had fallen asleep shortly after Dennis picked him up.（像往常一样，查理在丹尼斯抱起他后不久就睡着了。）可知事件的正确顺序是 c-b-a-d。故选D。
（4）最佳标题题。根据全文可知故事发生在夜晚，并且是丹尼斯一件不寻常的事件。故"丹尼斯不寻常的夜晚"为最佳标题。故选C。
（5）细节猜测题。根据全文可知丹尼斯已经很困，可推出兔子会告诉丹尼斯名字。故选B。
本文主要讲述了丹尼斯不想睡觉，决定熬夜，发生的事情。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
41.【答案】survey
【解析】答案：survey 考查翻译填空．句意：调查显示，学生们在保护动物方面做得很好．根据汉语提示及其英语句子，可知要翻译的部分为：调查．英语表达是survey，名词．故答案为survey．
调查显示，学生们在保护动物方面做得很好．
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化．
42.【答案】patient
【解析】根据提示"病人"可知，是可数名词patient。这里用单数作定语，修饰名词cases。
故答案为：patient。
--马医生，你对所有的病例都很了解吗？
--当然。这样，我就有更多的机会治愈他们。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
43.【答案】developing
【解析】developing
略
略
44.【答案】paler
【解析】根据提示"苍白的"可知，是形容词pale。这里副词much修饰比较级paler"更苍白的"。
故答案为：paler。
听到这个坏消息后，这位母亲脸色苍白多了。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
45.【答案】lightly
【解析】根据提示"满不在乎地"可知，是副词lightly，这里修饰动词短语throw away。
故答案为：lightly。
不要满不在乎地扔垃圾，否则将到处都是垃圾。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
46.【答案】wisely
【解析】wise明智的，形容词。这里修饰动词use，用副词wisely"明智地"。
故答案为：wisely。
要成为一个好学生，你应该好好计划你的时间，明智地利用每一分钟。
单词填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据单词提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
47.【答案】touching
【解析】avoid doing sth"避免做某事"固定搭配，填touch的动名词touching"触摸"。
故答案为：touching。
如果你不得不推开其他人，记住不要触摸他们的身体。
单词填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据单词提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
48.【答案】is not checked
【解析】主语it代指car"小汽车"，它是动词check"检查"动作的承受者，用被动语态。if引导的条件状语从句，主句含有情态动词，从句一般现在时态。这里是一般现在时态的被动语态，结构是is/am/are+动词的过去分词。主语it第三人称单数，用is。否定形式在is后加not。check的过去分词是checked。
故答案为：is not checked。
这辆车有时出毛病。如果不立即检查，可能会导致事故。
单词填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据单词提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
49.【答案】meaningful
【解析】本句的句型结构是：It is +adj.+ for sb. +to do sth.根据discover around 13，000 pieces of relics in China's Sanxingdui ruins可知此处表达的意思是"意义重大的"，所以填形容词meaningful。
故答案为：meaningful。
在中国三星堆遗址中发现约1.3万件文物，对我们来说意义重大。
用所给词的适当形式填空，考查学生对语法知识的掌握及对词性转换能力。做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词性及单词的形式，然后对所给单词进行适当的变形，从而得出正确答案。
50.【答案】treatment
【解析】此处在句中作主语，用名词形式treatment。
故填：treatment。
早期治疗有助于预防和减少许多健康问题。
熟悉名词的用法，根据所给单词解答即可。
51.【答案】to raise money for
【解析】raise money for sb.为某人筹集资金，根据The purpose of our Charity Sales is 可知这里用动词不定式作表语。
故答案为：to raise money for。
我们爱心义卖活动的目的是为贫困地区的孩子募集资金。
此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合短语或者句子，便可得出正确答案。
52.【答案】achieving our dreams
【解析】实现某人的梦想achieve one's dreams，是动词短语；放弃做某事give up doing sth，是固定搭配。
故答案为：achieving our dreams。
不论处境多么艰难，我们都绝不应放弃实现我们的梦想。
汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
53.【答案】develop
【解析】开展develop，是动词；在动词不定式符号to后面用动词原形。
故答案为：develop。
需要更多的志愿者和资金来继续开展我们的慈善工作。
汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
54.【答案】to depend on
【解析】依靠depend on，是动词短语；允许做某事allow to do sth.，是固定搭配，用动词不定式作主补。
故答案为：to depend on。
考试时，学生不允许依靠任何智能设备。
汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
55.【答案】made a big difference to
【解析】make a big difference to对……产生重大影响，根据句意可知句子是现在完成时，其构成是have/has+过去分词，make的过去分词是made。
故答案为：made a big difference to。
互联网对我们的日常生活产生了重大影响。
此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合短语或者句子，便可得出正确答案。
56.【答案】【小题1】sorting
【小题2】reply
【解析】（1）主旨大意题。根据第一段They help with garbage sorting.（他们帮助垃圾分类。）可知此处缺少"分类"。故填sorting。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段Chinese President Xi Jinping recently replied to a letter from volunteers in a community in Shanghai.（习近平主席最近给上海社区志愿者回了一封信。）可知此处缺少"回复"，reply表示"回复"，名词。故填reply。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段He also hopes volunteers could encourage more people to develop the habit of sorting garbage.（他也希望志愿者可以鼓励更多的人养成垃圾分类的习惯。）可知此处指"更多的人可以被鼓励去养成垃圾分类的习惯"，缺少"被鼓励"，需用被动语态。故填encouraged。
（4）细节理解他。根据第三段Since 2019，more than 22，000 garbage stations have been upgraded in Shanghai（自从2019年以来，上海有超过两万两千个垃圾站被升级）可知此处缺少"超过"，more than=over表示"超过"。故填over。
（5）细节理解题。根据第三段people once refused to sort garbage.but now they are actively joining in the activity.（人们曾经拒绝垃圾分类，但现在积极参与这个活动。）可知此处缺少"曾经"。故填once。
（6）细节理解题。根据第三段people once refused to sort garbage.but now they are actively joining in the activity.（人们曾经拒绝垃圾分类，但现在积极参与这个活动。）可知此处缺少"积极的"，take an active part in表示"在......积极参与"。故填active。
（7）细节理解题。根据第五段For example，house prices may go up，（举例来说，房价会升）可知此处缺少"升"，make sth.rise表示"使某物提升"。故填rise。
（8）细节理解题。根据第六段Sixteen-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting."（16岁的志愿者于悦针对垃圾分类已经做了海报写了文章。）可知此处缺少"制作"，and连接两个并列的词，后面是doing，可知此处也是doing。故填making。
（9）段落大意题。根据最后一段主要介绍了未来的计划，可知此处缺少"计划"，需用名词复数表一类。故填plans。
（10）细节理解题。根据最后一段The whole country is going to implement trash sorting by the end of 2025，（整个国家在2025年底会实施垃圾分类，）可知此处缺少介词"在"。故填in。
本文介绍了上海实行垃圾分类制度所采取的一些措施。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
57.【答案】【小题1】uccessfully
【小题2】eginning
【小题3】ut also
【小题4】n
【小题5】isited
【小题6】irst
【小题7】ncluding
【小题8】ixing
【小题9】ovember
【小题10】rovide
【解析】（1）考查副词。句意：5月30日，神舟十六号飞船成功进入太空。根据前面Chinese astronauts succeeded again!（中国宇航员又成功了!）可知此处填"成功地"，副词修饰动词reached（到达），故填successfully。
（2）考查名词。句意：它标志着神舟十六号任务的开始，并且希望飞船也将设法完成以下任务。根据后面it is hoped that the spacecraft will also manage to complete the following tasks（希望飞船也将设法完成以下任务）可知此处和the following tasks（以下任务）相对，表示任务的开始，故填beginning。
（3）考查连词词组。句意：据《中国日报》报道，这不仅是中国第三代航天员的首次飞行，也是中国平民首次进入太空。根据前面not only（不但），又根据not only….but also（不但……而且……），可知此处表示而且，故填but also。
（4）考查介词。句意：飞船上有三名机组人员：任务指挥官景海鹏，航天工程师朱杨柱和桂海潮教授。根据on board（在船上、飞机上或火车上），可知此处填介词"on"，故填on。
（5）考查动词。句意：这是他第四次进入太空，使他成为中国最有经验的宇航员。根据This is the fourth time（这是第四次）可知此处表示过去某个时刻持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时，句子结构：主语+have/has+done+其他，又根据前面has，可知此处填动词的过去分词形式，结合句意以及前面提示字母"v"，可知此处填"visit"拜访，其过去分词是visited，故填visited。
（6）考查序数词。句意：桂是第一个乘坐航天飞机的中国平民。根据前面the first time a Chinese civilian has traveled to space（中国平民首次进入太空）可知此处填"第一个"，故填first。
（7）考查动名词。句意：2020年，包括朱和桂在内的17名男性和1名女性从一群研究人员和工程师中脱颖而出。根据前面One woman and 17 men（17名男性和1名女性）和后面Zhu and Gui（朱和桂），可知此处表示"包括"，分析句子此处是动名词作后置定语，故填including。
（8）考查动名词。句意：宇宙飞船驾驶员和航天工程师负责驾驶宇宙飞船，并在宇宙飞船不能正常工作时修理它。根据be responsible for（为……负责）可知此处填动名词，又根据后面when it doesn't work properly（在宇宙飞船不能正常工作时），前面提示字母"f"，可知此处填"修理"，用fix的动名词形式fixing，故填fixing。
（9）考查月份。句意：他们将于11月返回地球。根据开头reached space on May，30（5月30日进入太空），又根据前面The crew will stay inside the Tiangong space station for around five months.（机组人员将在天宫空间站停留大约五个月。）可知此处填"十一月"，故填November。
（10）考查动词。句意：他们将进行太空行走，为其他航天器访问天宫空间站提供帮助，并在太空完成许多科学任务。根据后面when other spacecraft visit the Tiangong space station（其他航天器访问天宫空间站时），也根据help（帮助），可知此处表示"提供帮助"，分析句子此处和前面的"do"和后面的"finish"是并列关系，用动词原形，故填provide。
本文讲述神舟十六号发射到太空，并简单介绍了升空的宇航员。
联系上下文结合句意选择合适的单词填空。
58.【答案】How to make Nanjing a civilized city Nanjing is now trying to become a civilized city.As students，what should we do？We must respect our teachers and be polite to others.We should also help those who are in need and be friendly to the people around us.【高分句型一】（要乐于助人）Besides，we must obey the traffic rules.When we cross the street，we should walk on the zebra crossing.【高分句型二】And we mustn't go across the street when the traffic lights are red.We help our parents with housework at home.（在家和在公众场合要怎么做）What's more，we should protect our environment.For example，we mustn't step on the grass and climb the trees.Litter mustn't be thrown everywhere.We should try to walk or take the bus.（如何环保）
Nanjing is our hometown.Let's try our best to make it a civilized city.（总结全文）
【解析】【高分句型一】
We should also help those who are in need and be friendly to the people around us我们也应该帮助那些有需要的人，对我们周围的人友好。
这是who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 those。
【高分句型二】
When we cross the street，we should walk on the zebra crossing当我们过马路时，我们应该走斑马线。
这是when引导的时间状语从句，当……时候。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
2022-2023学年江苏省南京师大附中新城中学八年级（下）期末英语试卷
1. Маnу college students would like to work in the ______ part of China，like Shanghai and Guangzhou after they leave school.（ ）
A. north B. south C. northern D. southern
2. - How do you keep in touch with your online friends，Sandy？
- We mainly communicate ____ email.（ ）
A. with B. by C. on D. through
3. - Do you have any good ways to live a green life？
- All of us think _______ important to help young trees to stay alive.（ ）
A. it B. its C. this D. that
4. Chinese students can expect to study in good universities，________ world-class universities with Chinese characteristics because our government has decided to build a strong country in education.（ ）
A. exactly B. mostly C. especially D. nearly
5. -What should I prepare if I want to travel to Australia this summer，Peter？
-Remember Australian seasons are ______ ours.（ ）
A. as hot as B. the opposite of
C. the same as D. similar to
6. -Why are you in such a hurry，Tony？
-The parade ______ for five minutes.I don't want to miss too much.（ ）
A. started B. has started C. has been on D. was on
7. - You look sad，Amy？
- I don't know who _______ about this problem.（ ）
A. can I tell B. can I say C. to speak D. to talk to
8. -The oil on our earth will ______ some day.
-I think so.We should make good use of it.（ ）
A. hand out B. run out C. find out D. come out
9. -What news are you reading，Grandpa？
-The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou from September 23rd to October 8th.（ ）
A. will be held B. are held
C. were held D. are going to hold
10. -Why do you recommend Sandy to be a volunteer for the meeting？
-She is _______ to notice small changes around her.（ ）
A. too careful B. careful enough
C. too careless D. careless enough
11. -Can I take photos of this painting by Picasso？
-No.Look at the sign.It ______"NO PHOTOS".（ ）
A. is written B. is said C. writes D. says
12. Gui Haichao，a professor from Beihang University，______ working at China's space station，Tiangong after receiving training as an astronaut.（ ）
A. used to B. got used to C. was used as D. was used for
13. We should plant more trees because they help keep soil _______ even if there is a storm.（ ）
A. in place B. in position C. in public D. in order
14. - Would you mind giving me some advice on learning English，Mr.Wu？
-______.You can begin with some interesting English stories.（ ）
A. My pleasure B. It doesn't matter
C. Better not D. Of course not
15. -My cousin's school is greater than mine.She always has less homework than me.
-______.Maybe your school is better than hers in some other ways.（ ）
A. It never rains but pours
B. Don't put all eggs in one basket
C. The grass is always greener on the other side
D. Actions speak louder than words
There are certain things you never imagine yourself saying.
"I just got a worm in my eye!"is one of them.And yet I did say it—I screamed it，actually.
The family was all here，and we were in the garden when I saw a worm nearby.I asked my 6-year-old grandson to come over and remove the worm.He picked up the worm，studied it quickly and then threw it into the （1） ______ .
The worm quickly fell back to earth，landing on my face （2） ______ my left eyelid.That's when the screaming and the jumping up and down started.
You know how they say when you meet a small creature？The small creature is just as （3） ______ you as you are of it？They lie.
The worm showed no fear.I，however，am still having nightmares about the （4） ______ ， which was several days ago.
The most important thing in all this is that my grandson said he was sorry to me.
I'd just been reading a book that makes a connection （5） ______ adults doing the slow and hard work of teaching manners to children and greater levels of civility in society.
Table manners，language manners and even manners in dress all show levels of self-control.
Having self-control（6） ______ what we say and how we behave，making many of us appear a good deal better than we really are.
Good manners also have the possibility to make mealtime a pleasant time，even with small children.
All of my grandchildren，except the ones who can't yet talk，ask to be （7） ______ before leaving the table.
It is a sign of respect for others at the table and a sign of respect for the meal （8） ______ .It's also more pleasant than pushing one's chair back and running for the back yard.
Those tall enough，and even those not tall enough，also take their （9） ______ to the kitchen.
Manners are what civilize us-around our tables and in our families，homes and（10） ______ .
So when a little boy has the courage to apologize to a grandma who is screaming and jumping up and down，at least we know that our years of teaching young people manners are paying off-one worm at a time.
----By Lori Borgman
16. A. ground B. air C. river D. fire
17. A. into B. onto C. around D. against
18. A. afraid B. happy C. angry D. ashamed
19. A. situation B. condition C. parade D. experience
20. A. both B. either C. between D. from
21. A. limits B. controls C. manages D. gather
22. A. forgotten B. excused C. refused D. hidden
23. A. itself B. themselves C. ourselves D. himself
24. A. worms B. rubbish C. dishes D. fingers
25. A. communities B. communication C. darkness D. conversations
Q
2.5 KM
Family Run
Family（one adult and a child）；
＄45 （early bird）
＄50 （normal）
Every additional adult；
＄25 （early bird）
＄30 （normal）
Every additional child；
＄20 （early bird）
＄25 （normal）
Charity Run 2023，Oct 21，Saturday
7 am onward
Silver Leaf.The gardens by the bay
For more information ，please visit：
Charity run.com
5 KM
Fun Run
Individual；
＄35 （early bird）
＄40 （normal）
Group of 4；
＄130 （early bird）
＄150 （normal）
10 KM
Competitive
Individual；
＄45 （early bird）
＄50 （normal）
Group of 4；
＄170 （early bird）
＄190 （normal）
Early bird pricing ends on Sunday ，Aug 20，2023
Registration closes on Sunday ，Sept 10，2023
Join us at the Family Carnival from 8 am-3 pm after running!
26. When does the charity run activity take place？ ______
A. On Aug 20. B. On Sept 10. C. On Oct 21. D. On Oct 31.
27. Cindy，20，her brother，8，and her parents want to join the Family Run.How much should they pay before Aug 20？ ______
A. ＄90. B. ＄95. C. ＄100. D. ＄105.
28. Which of the following is true？ ______
A. The registration fees are all the same.
B. The charity run will end at 5 pm on Aug 20.
C. The fun run is 10 kilometers long.
D. More information is available on the website.
R
After a whole week of rain，we finally had a comfortable，beautiful summer day outside.My family and I were driving to a nearby town when my daughter found a yard sale，We saw old toys and a couple of guitars.We saw huge piles of clothes and even a piece of furniture or two for sale.Best of all，we saw lots of smiling people talking，laughing，sitting and standing in the sunshine.
Seeing all of this brought back memories of my childhood.Most of my clothes back then came from yard sales.My mom was a talented yard sale shopper.I used to hate going to them until one special day when I saw that they also sold old books there.After that，I always browsed the books until it was time to go and sometimes my mom would buy me one too.Soon a large part of my home library came from yard sale books.To me，they were more priceless than new ones.
Why do we have yard sales？We get rid of our old things and we buy " new"old things.But it certainly isn't for the money.It's that yard sales bring us together.We talk and catch up with old friends and new neighbours.We connect with kindness and our love for all the old stuff（物品）.
I think yard sales teach us something about life too.We can't really own anything here，after all.All we get is to have the stuff for a period of time.Then it is time to let it go and pass it on.
29. What made the writer start enjoying yard sales？ ______
A. She found old books there. B. Her mom liked yard sales.
C. She found her talents there. D. She saw smiling people there.
30. Why did the writer use " new"in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. To show the stuff could draw people's attention.
B. To show the excitement of finding special stuff.
C. To show that the stuff was not actually new.
D. To prove that the stuff was valuable or special.
31. According to the writer，what is the main reason why people have yard sales？ ______
A. To make money. B. To get rid of old things.
C. To find valuable stuff. D. To connect with others.
S
Jane，a reporter，is collecting information for the local newspaper.She is interested in the following things introduced in a magazine.
Smart Schoolbag
Forget to pack the books you need into your schoolbag in the morning rush？
A schoolboy aged 11 has invented a schoolbag.It tells you which books to pack.A small computer and a scanner（扫描装置） are fixed in the bag.As each book is put into the bag，it is checked by the scanner.If any book is missing，a message will be shown on the computer screen to remind you.
Weather Sweets
Can you eat weather？
A university makes that happen.It uses a 3 D printer to create sweets based on the weather information of a certain day.
The shapes of the sweets are affected by wind speed.The colors of the sweets are decided by temperature.The sweets act as a weather record or the day when they are made.
Sunrise Bed
It's hard for you to get up in the morning，isn't it？
To help you get up，a company has created a "tool"—a sunrise bed.
It wakes you up gently as a sunrise does.Lights built into the bed turn on and start to get brighter and brighter.When the lights are fully on，soft music will begin to play.It will be louder and louder until you turn it off.The company explains， "The gentle light tells your body that it is morning，so it stops producing a chemical that helps you sleep."
32. What can the smart schoolbag do？ ______
A. Help you repair computers. B. Tell you when to pack books.
C. Teach you how to fix screens. D. Remind you of the missing books.
33. What affects the shapes of the weather sweets？ ______
A. Colors. B. Wind speed. C. Temperature. D. 3 D printers.
34. Which of the following shows how a sunrise bed wakes you up？ ______
A. lights on →music on→lights brighter → music louder
B. music on→music louder→lights on→lights brighter
C. lights on→ lights brighter → music on →music louder
D. music on →lights on → music louder→lights brighter
35. What does the underlined word"it" in Sunrise Bed refer to？ ______
A. Your body. B. The bed. C. The light. D. Your room.
T
Dennis didn't feel like sleeping.He had gone to bed at the same time every night for as long as he could remember.He was tired of going to bed when his parents told him to.So one night，when fall seemed over，but it wasn't yet winter，he decided he would stay up!
What Dennis didn't realize is that staying awake at night is hard when your body needs to sleep.He tried everything he could think of to stop himself from falling asleep.He tried counting wolves （if counting sheep makes you sleepy，then counting wolves must surely do the opposite），but unfortunately it made him even more tired.He started to suspect that it was the counting，and not the choice of animal，that made people sleepy.
Dennis was just about ready to give up when he heard a squeak（吱吱叫）from his hamster（仓鼠）Charlie.He went over to Charlie's cage，but it was empty.Dennis followed the sounds of squeaking until he found Charlie on the floor，looking behind the door.Dennis noticed that something back there was throwing things at Charlie!Coins，balls of paper，and even some stones were flying in Charlie's direction，as he squeaked.
" What's there，Charlie？" Dennis asked as he picked up the hamster and walked towards the door.
What he saw made him wonder if he had actually fallen asleep and not realized it.
" It's a….it's a rabbit!" he said.No bigger than Charlie（and no smaller），the rabbit wore a yellow shirt，a tiny pair of green pants，and a hat.
"Why are you throwing things at my hamster，rabbit？" asked Dennis.
"Why do you keep a vicious（凶猛的）hamster as a pet，human？" asked the rabbit. "Charlie is not vicious!More importantly，why are you in my room，rabbit？" asked Dennis.That is an interesting question，human. "
My name is not 'human'，it's Dennis. "Dennis said angrily. "I already know your name.And rabbits have names too!"
Dennis didn't say anything for a moment，and neither did the rabbit.It was an awkward（尴尬的）silence for everyone except Charlie who，as usual，had fallen asleep shortly after Dennis picked him up.
Well，what is your name then？" asked Dennis.
36. When did the story take place？ ______
A. One night in late autumn. B. One late afternoon in summer.
C. One afternoon in early spring. D. One early morning in winter.
37. Why does the writer uses the punctuation mark"…"in the sentence" It's a…it's a rabbit!"？ ______
A. To show his certainty of this subject
B. To hide his limited knowledge in animals.
C. To express Dennis' surprise at the rabbit.
D. To display Dennis' worry about his hamster.
38. Which is the right order of the following events？ ______
a.Dennis heard the sounds of squeaking.
b.The rabbit threw balls of paper at Charlie.
c.Dennis tried to count wolves to stay awake.
d.Charlie fell asleep shortly after Dennis picked him up.
A. c-d-a-b B. d-a-c-b C. d-c-a-b D. c-b-a-d
39. What is the best title for the story？ ______
A. Dennis' lovely hamster B. Ways to stay up late
C. Dennis' unusual night D. Advice on falling asleep
40. According to the last paragraph，what would most probably happen next？ ______
A. The rabbit would run away at once.
B. The rabbit would tell Dennis his name.
C. The rabbit would throw things at Dennis.
D. The rabbit would fall asleep with Dennis.
41. The ______ （调查）shows us that the students are doing a lot to protect the animals.
42. -Do you know all the ______ （病人） cases well，Dr.Ma？
-Sure.In this way，I can have more chances to cure them.
43. IT is ______ （发展）so quickly that no one can tell what a smart phone will be like in ten years.
44. After hearing the bad news，the mother looked much ______ （苍白的）.
45. Don't throw away rubbish ______ （满不在乎地），or there will be litter everywhere.
46. To be a good student，you should plan your time well and use every minute ______ （wise）.
47. If you have to push past others，remember to avoid ______ （touch） their bodies.
48. The car sometimes goes wrong.It may cause accidents if it ______ （ not check） right away.
49. It is ______ （mean） for us to discover around 13，000 pieces of relics（文物） in China's Sanxingdui ruins.
50. Early ______ （ treat） can help prevent and reduce many health problems.
51. 我们爱心义卖活动的目的是为贫困地区的孩子募集资金。
The purpose of our Charity Sales is ______ children in poor areas.
52. 不论处境多么艰难，我们都绝不应放弃实现我们的梦想。
No matter how hard it is，we should never give up ______ .
53. 需要更多的志愿者和资金来继续开展我们的慈善工作。
More volunteers and money are needed to ______ our charity work.
54. 考试时，学生不允许依靠任何智能设备。
Students aren't allowed ______ any smart equipment while taking exams.
55. 互联网对我们的日常生活产生了重大影响。
The Internet has ______ our daily lives.
56. Chinese President Xi Jinping recently replied to a letter from volunteers in a community in Shanghai.They help with garbage sorting.
In his reply，Xi said he was happy to know that after recent years of publicity （推广），the volunteers' community has made new progress in garbage sorting.He also hopes volunteers could encourage more people to develop the habit of sorting garbage.
Since 2019，more than 22，000 garbage stations have been upgraded in Shanghai，according to the Shanghai Observer website.A huge change has taken place in the city in recent years：people once refused to sort garbage，but now they are actively joining in the activity.Garbage sorting has become a "new fashion".
To promote the fashion，the community also makes use of technology in garbage sorting.There are special recycling machines besides the garbage cans.People scan the code on the machine，put in paper or clothes，and then get money from it.
"Sorting trash is a way to make the community a better place.It can benefit the residents.For example，house prices may go up，" said Cui Fenglin，36，a representative of the Shanghai volunteers.He said many people changed their minds after this kind of "persuasion（劝说）"from volunteers.
Sixteen-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting."My classmates and I even made an animation （动画） to help people understand how sorting trash can influence the environment，"Yu said.
In the future，the community will hold more events and work with local schools to promote a greener lifestyle，said Cui.By 2022，about 297 cities in China had fully implemented （实行） trash sorting，reported CCTV News.The whole country is going to implement trash sorting by the end of 2025，according to a national-level working conference held on May 23.
Garbage（1） ______ a new trend
President Xi's（2） ______ to a letter from Shanghai volunteers
★be happy to know about their new progress in garbage sorting；
★hope more people could be（3） ______ to develop the habit of garbage sorting；
The successful work of the community and its volunteers
Achievements
★They have upgraded（4） ______ 22，000 garbage stations.
★People in Shanghai（5） ______ to refuse garbage sorting，but now they take an（6） ______ part in it.
Actions
★making use of technology；
★persuading residents by stating that garbage sorting may make the house prices（7） ______
★（8） ______ posters and writing articles about garbage sorting；
Future（9） ______
★To hold more events；
★To work with local schools；
★To implement garbage sorting（10） ______ the country by the end of 2025；
(1)
(2)
57.
Blasting off to space
Chinese astronauts（宇航员）succeeded again!The Shenzhou XVI spacecraft （1）s ______ reached space on May，30.It marked the（2）b ______ of the Shenzhou XVI mission，and it is hoped that the spacecraft will also manage to complete the following tasks.This is not only the first flight of China's third generation of astronauts，（ 3）b ______ the first time a Chinese civilian（平民） has traveled to space，reported China Daily.
There are three crew members （4）o ______ board：mission commander（指令长）Jing Haipeng，spaceflight engineer Zhu Yangzhu and professor Gui Haichao.
This is the fourth time Jing has （5）v ______ space，making him the most experienced astronaut in China.Gui is the （6）f ______ Chinese civilian on a spaceflight.Both Zhu.and Gui are China's third-generation of astronauts.One woman and 17 men，（ 7）i ______ Zhu and Gui，were picked from a group of researchers and engineers in 2020.They are in three groups.Spacecraft pilots and spaceflight engineers are responsible for flying the spacecraft and （8）f ______ the spacecraft when it doesn't work properly.
The crew will stay inside the Tiangong space station for around five months.They will return to Earth in （9）N ______ .They will do spacewalks，（ 10）p ______ help when other spacecraft visit the Tiangong space station and finish many science tasks in space.
All Chinese people are proud to have so many excellent astronauts trying their best to serve the country.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
58. "南京是我家，文明靠大家"，每一位南京市民都应积极参与文明城市（civilized city）的建设。请根据以下问题，思考身为中学生的我们应该如何做，才能助力文明城市的创建，与"宁"同行。写一篇英语短文。
（1）How do we help people in need？
（2）How do we behave at home and in public？
（3）How do we go green？
注意：（1）词数 90左右，文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数；
（2）必须包含所有要点，可适当发挥；短文语言要通顺，意思连贯；
（3）文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称。
How to make Nanjing a civilized city Nanjing is now trying to become a civilized city.As students，what should we do？
答案和解析
1.【答案】D
【解析】north北，名词；south南，名词；northern北方的，形容词；southern南方的，形容词。这里修饰名词part，用形容词，A和B不正确。根据"比如上海和广州"可知，应该是"南方的"。C不正确。
故选：D。
许多大学生毕业后都想去中国南方工作，比如上海和广州。
形容词通常修饰名词或构成系表结构，要抓住关键词句，结合语境选择适当的形容词完成试题。
2.【答案】B
【解析】with带有，具有；by通过；on在……上；through通过。根据"We mainly communicate"可知，此处是"我们主要通过电子邮件进行沟通"。by email"通过电子邮件"。
故选：B。
-桑迪，你是如何与你的网友保持联系的？
-我们主要通过电子邮件进行沟通。
考查介词的辨析。熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
3.【答案】A
【解析】it它；its它的；this这；that那。根据观察和分析可知题干使用了it作形式宾语的用法，真正宾语是动词不定式短语，本题答案是A。
故选：A。
--你有过绿色生活的好方法吗？
--我们大家都认为帮助小树存活是重要的。
本题主要考查it作形式宾语的用法。
4.【答案】C
【解析】exactly确切地；mostly主要地；especially特别、尤其；nearly几乎。根据"中国学生可以期望在好的大学学习，......具有中国特色的世界级大学，因为我们的政府已经决定建设一个强大的教育国家。"可知，应该是"尤其"。
故选：C。
中国学生可以期望在好的大学学习，尤其是具有中国特色的世界级大学，因为我们的政府已经决定建设一个强大的教育国家。
要结合语境，辨析副词用法，选择合适答案完成试题。
5.【答案】B
【解析】 as hot as和……一样热；the opposite of在……对面；the same as和……相同；similar to和……相似。根据What should I prepare if I want to travel to Australia this summer"彼得如果我想今年夏天去澳大利亚旅行，我应该准备什么"可知，从此是"澳大利亚的季节与我们的季节相反"。
故选：B。
-彼得如果我想今年夏天去澳大利亚旅行，我应该准备什么？
-记住，澳大利亚的季节与我们的季节相反。
熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
6.【答案】C
【解析】start开始，过去式或过去分词是started，started；be on的意思是"进行，上映"。选项A是一般过去时；选项B是现在完成时；选项C是现在完成时；选项D是一般过去时。根据句子中的for five minutes可知空格处使用现在完成时态，可先排除A和D。start是短暂性动词，现在完成时不与一段时间状语连用，可排除B。本题答案是C。
故选：C。
--陶泥，你为什么这么匆忙？
--游行开始五分钟了。我不想错过太多了。
本题考点是现在完成时的基本用法。
7.【答案】D
【解析】根据观察和分析可知题干使用了"疑问词+动词不定式"结构作宾语的用法。speak to sb和......说话；talk to sb和......谈话，因此本题答案是D。
故选：D。
--Amy，你看起来沮丧？
--我不知道和谁谈这个问题。
本题主要考查"疑问词+动词不定式"作宾语的用法。
8.【答案】B
【解析】hand out分发；run out用光、耗尽；find out查明；come out出现。根据"We should make good use of it."可知，地球上的石油总有一天会耗尽的，因此选run out。
故选：B。
--地球上的石油总有一天会耗尽的。
--我想是的。我们应该好好利用它。
要牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。
9.【答案】A
【解析】will be held一般将来时的被动语态；are held一般现在时的被动语态；were held一般过去时的被动语态；are going to hold一般将来时。根据"The 19th Asian Games ...in Hangzhou from September 23rd to October 8th."结合常识，可知第19届亚运会将于2023年9月23日至10月8日在杭州举行，因此时态用一般将来时，且主语The 19th Asian Games和谓语动词hold之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；一般将来时的被动语态结构为will be+动词的过去分词。
故选：A。
--爷爷，你在看什么新闻？
--第19届亚运会将于9月23日至10月8日在杭州举行。
掌握一般将来时被动语态的结构和用法是解答本题的关键。
10.【答案】B
【解析】too careful太仔细；careful enough足够仔细；too careless太粗心；careless enough足够粗心。根据"你为什么推荐桑迪做会议的志愿者？"可知，应该是"足够仔细"，能够注意到周围的变化。be+形容词+enough to do sth"足够......做某事"固定搭配。
故选：B。
--你为什么推荐桑迪做会议的志愿者？
--她非常仔细，能注意周围的细微变化。
要结合语境，辨析形容词和副词用法，积累一些搭配，选择合适答案完成试题。
11.【答案】D
【解析】is written被写；is said被说；writes写；says说。这里用主动语态，It代指sign"标牌"，表示上面写着提醒的话，用单词says。
故选：D。
--我能给毕加索的这幅画拍照吗？
--不，看标牌，上面写着"禁止拍照"。
动词是表示动作或者是状态的词，要结合语境，注意时态，人称等变化，掌握一些固定搭配，选择合适答案完成试题。
12.【答案】B
【解析】used to do sth.过去常常做某事；got used to习惯于做某事；was used as被用作；was used for被用作。根据"working at China's space station，Tiangong after receiving training as an astronaut"可知，此处是"习惯了在中国天宫空间站工作"。
故选：B。
来自北航大学的桂海潮教授在接受宇航员培训后，习惯了在中国天宫空间站工作。
熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
13.【答案】A
【解析】 in place在原地；in position就位；in public在公众；in order按顺序。根据We should plant more trees"我们应该多种树"可知，此处是"它们也有助于保持土壤的不流失"。keep soil in place"保持土壤不流失"。
故选：A。
我们应该多种树，因为即使有暴风雨，它们也有助于保持土壤的不流失。
考查介词短语的辨析。熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
14.【答案】A
【解析】My pleasure我的荣幸；It doesn't matter没关系；Better not最好不要；Of course not当然不。根据"吴先生，你介意给我一些学习英语的建议吗？"及下一句"你可以从一些有趣的英语故事开始。"可知，应该说"我的荣幸。"表礼貌。
故选：A。
--吴先生，你介意给我一些学习英语的建议吗？
--我的荣幸。你可以从一些有趣的英语故事开始。
在日常学习中要从实际情景交际中多练习，掌握一些习惯用语。结合语境，分析选项，选择正确的回答，完成练习。
15.【答案】C
【解析】It never rains but pours.祸不单行；Don't put all eggs in one basket.不要孤注一掷；The grass is always greener on the other side.邻家芳草绿；Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。根据My cousin's school is greater than mine.She always has less homework than me.（我表妹的学校比我的大。她的家庭作业总是比我少。）可知，我在羡慕表妹的学校，结合选项，邻家芳草绿能表达此含义。
故选：C。
——我表妹的学校比我的大。她的家庭作业总是比我少。
——邻家芳草绿。也许你们学校在其他方面比她的好。
做题时要先了解题干及选项的意思，对其用法做到心里有数，再根据具体的语境来选择正确答案。
16~25.【答案】B、D、A、D、C、A、B、A、C、A
【解析】（1）考查名词。句意：他捡起虫子，迅速研究了一下，然后把它扔到空中。A.地面；B.空气；C.河流；D.火灾。根据The worm quickly fell back to earth（虫子很快掉回了地上）可知，然后把它扔到空中。故选B。
（2）考查介词。句意：虫子很快掉回了地上，落在我的脸上，靠在我的左眼睑上。A.进入；B.朝；C.围绕；D.倚靠。根据landing on my face（落在我的脸上）可知，靠在我的左眼睑上。故选D。
（3）考查形容词。句意：这个小家伙和你一样害怕它。A.害怕的；B.高兴的；C.愤怒的；D.羞愧的。根据The worm showed no fear（蠕虫没有表现出恐惧）可知，和你一样害怕它。故选A。
（4）考查名词。句意：然而，我仍然在做噩梦，梦见几天前的经历。A.情况；B.条件；C.游行；D.经历。根据which was several days ago（几天以前的事情）可知，梦见几天前的经历。故选D。
（5）考查介词。句意：我刚刚读了一本书，书中把为孩子们缓慢而艰苦地教授礼貌的成年人与社会中更高水平的文明联系起来。A.两者都；B.也，位于否定句句末，有逗号隔开；C.在......之间；D.从。根据and可知，这里为between...and..."在......和......之间"。故选C。
（6）考查动词。句意：自我控制限制了我们的言行，使我们中的许多人看起来比实际情况要好得多。A.限制；B.控制；C.管理；D.收集。根据making many of us appear a good deal better than we really are（使我们中的许多人看起来比实际情况要好得多）可知，自我控制限制了我们的言行。故选A。
（7）考查动词的过去分词。句意：我所有的孙子，除了那些还不会说话的孙子，在离开餐桌前都请求请求准予离开。A.遗忘；B.请求准予离开；C.拒绝；D.隐藏。根据Good manners also have the possibility to make mealtime a pleasant time，even with small children.（良好的礼貌也有可能使用餐时间变得愉快，即使是对小孩子来说也是如此。）可知，在离开餐桌前都请求请求准予离开。故选B。
（8）考查反身代词。句意：这是对餐桌上其他人的尊重，也是对用餐本身的尊重。A.它自己；B.他们自己；C.我们自己；D.他自己。根据for the meal（对用餐）可知，对用餐本身的尊重，这里用itself。故选A。
（9）考查名词。句意：那些足够高的人，甚至那些不够高的人也会把盘子拿到厨房。A.蠕虫；B.垃圾；C.盘子；D.手指。根据the kitchen（厨房）可知，甚至那些不够高的人也会把盘子拿到厨房。故选C。
（10）考查名词。句意：礼仪是使我们在餐桌旁、在家庭、家里和社区中文明的东西。A.社区；B.沟通；C.黑暗；D.对话。根据in our families，homes（在家庭、家里）可知，在家庭、家里和社区中文明的东西。故选A。
本文讲述了礼仪的重要性。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
26~28.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据表格中Charity Run 2023，Oct 21，Saturday.（慈善跑2023，10月21日，星期六。）可知慈善跑活动在10月21日举办，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据表格中Early bird pricing ends on Sunday ，Aug 20，2023.（早鸟定价将于2023年8月20日星期日结束。）结合第一个表格中Family（one adult and a child）：＄45 （early bird）；Every additional adult：＄25 （early bird）（家庭（一名成人和一名儿童）：45美元（早鸟）；每增加一名成人：25美元（早鸟））可知20岁的辛迪，她8岁的弟弟和她的父母想加入家庭跑步。他们在8月20日之前应该支付45+25+25=95美元，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据表格中For more information ，please visit：Charity run．com.（更多信息请访问：Charity run.com.）可知更多信息请访问网站，故选D。
本文主要介绍了慈善跑相关信息，包括举办的时间，地点，距离，报名时间以及价格等信息。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
29~31.【答案】A、C、D
【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据第二段I used to hate going to them until one special day when I saw that they also sold old books there.（我以前很讨厌去他们那里，直到有一天我看到他们也在那里卖旧书。）可知是从她在那发现了旧书开始的。故选A。
（2）根据第三段Why do we have yard sales？We get rid of our old things and we buy " new"old things.（为什么我们有庭院销售？我们扔掉旧东西，买"新的"旧东西。）可知此处作者指的是这些东西其实并不新。故选C。
（3）根据第三段But it certainly isn't for the money.It's that yard sales bring us together.We talk and catch up with old friends and new neighbours.We connect with kindness and our love for all the old stuff（物品）.（但肯定不是为了钱。是旧物拍卖让我们走到了一起。我们与老朋友和新邻居聊天、叙旧。我们与善良和对所有旧物的爱联系在一起。）可知是为了和别人建立联系。故选D。
短文讲述了作者一家在一个晴朗的夏日开车去附近城镇时，发现了一个庭院拍卖会。他们看到了旧玩具、吉他、大量的衣服和家具等等。这让作者回忆起了自己小时候从庭院拍卖会上买到的衣服和书籍。作者认为，庭院拍卖会不仅是为了卖掉旧物品，更是为了让人们聚在一起，交流和分享。庭院拍卖会也教会了我们，我们不能永远拥有任何东西，只有在一段时间内拥有它们，然后将它们传递给下一个人。
在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
32~35.【答案】D、B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第四段It tells you which books to pack.（它会告诉你要收拾哪些书。）可知，智能书包能提醒你丢失的书。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段The shapes of the sweets are affected by wind speed.（糖果的形状受风速的影响。）可知，风速影响天气糖果的形状。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段It wakes you up gently as a sunrise does.Lights built into the bed turn on and start to get brighter and brighter.When the lights are fully on，soft music will begin to play.It will be louder and louder until you turn it off.The company explains， "The gentle light tells your body that it is morning，so it stops producing a chemical that helps you sleep."（它会像日出一样轻轻地唤醒你。床上的灯打开，开始变得越来越亮。当灯完全打开时，柔和的音乐就会开始播放。在你关掉之前，声音会越来越大。该公司解释道："柔和的光告诉你的身体现在是早晨，因此它停止产生有助于睡眠的化学物质。"）可知，灯打开→灯光更亮→音乐打开→音乐更响。故选C。
（4）代词指代题。根据最后一段The gentle light tells your body that it is morning，so it stops producing a chemical that helps you sleep.（柔和的光线告诉你的身体现在是早晨，所以它停止产生帮助你睡觉的化学物质。）可猜测出，下划线单词"it"应是指"你的身体"。故选A。
本文主要介绍了三种新奇的产品：智能书包、天气糖果和日出床。智能书包内置小型电脑和扫描仪，能够检测书本是否齐全；天气糖果则是根据当天的天气信息，使用3 D打印机制作而成，形状和颜色都与天气有关；日出床则能够模拟日出，通过渐亮的灯光和轻柔的音乐，帮助人们轻松起床。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
36~40.【答案】A、C、D、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段So one night，when fall seemed over，but it wasn't yet winter，he decided he would stay up!（所以有一天晚上，秋天似乎结束了，但还没有到冬天，他决定熬夜！）可知故事发生在深秋的一个夜晚。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Dennis noticed that something back there was throwing things at Charlie!Coins，balls of paper，and even some stones were flying in Charlie's direction，as he squeaked.（丹尼斯注意到后面有东西朝查理扔东西！硬币、纸团，甚至一些石头都朝查理的方向飞去，查理吱吱作响。）可知作者在句子"它是……它是一只兔子！"中使用标点符号"……" 隐藏他对动物的有限知识。故选C。
（3）事件顺序题。根据第二段He tried counting wolves （他试着数狼。）第三段Coins，balls of paper，and even some stones were flying in Charlie's direction，as he squeaked.（硬币、纸团，甚至一些石头都朝查理的方向飞去，查理吱吱作响。）倒数第二段as usual，had fallen asleep shortly after Dennis picked him up.（像往常一样，查理在丹尼斯抱起他后不久就睡着了。）可知事件的正确顺序是 c-b-a-d。故选D。
（4）最佳标题题。根据全文可知故事发生在夜晚，并且是丹尼斯一件不寻常的事件。故"丹尼斯不寻常的夜晚"为最佳标题。故选C。
（5）细节猜测题。根据全文可知丹尼斯已经很困，可推出兔子会告诉丹尼斯名字。故选B。
本文主要讲述了丹尼斯不想睡觉，决定熬夜，发生的事情。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
41.【答案】survey
【解析】答案：survey 考查翻译填空．句意：调查显示，学生们在保护动物方面做得很好．根据汉语提示及其英语句子，可知要翻译的部分为：调查．英语表达是survey，名词．故答案为survey．
调查显示，学生们在保护动物方面做得很好．
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化．
42.【答案】patient
【解析】根据提示"病人"可知，是可数名词patient。这里用单数作定语，修饰名词cases。
故答案为：patient。
--马医生，你对所有的病例都很了解吗？
--当然。这样，我就有更多的机会治愈他们。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
43.【答案】developing
【解析】developing
略
略
44.【答案】paler
【解析】根据提示"苍白的"可知，是形容词pale。这里副词much修饰比较级paler"更苍白的"。
故答案为：paler。
听到这个坏消息后，这位母亲脸色苍白多了。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
45.【答案】lightly
【解析】根据提示"满不在乎地"可知，是副词lightly，这里修饰动词短语throw away。
故答案为：lightly。
不要满不在乎地扔垃圾，否则将到处都是垃圾。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
46.【答案】wisely
【解析】wise明智的，形容词。这里修饰动词use，用副词wisely"明智地"。
故答案为：wisely。
要成为一个好学生，你应该好好计划你的时间，明智地利用每一分钟。
单词填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据单词提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
47.【答案】touching
【解析】avoid doing sth"避免做某事"固定搭配，填touch的动名词touching"触摸"。
故答案为：touching。
如果你不得不推开其他人，记住不要触摸他们的身体。
单词填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据单词提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
48.【答案】is not checked
【解析】主语it代指car"小汽车"，它是动词check"检查"动作的承受者，用被动语态。if引导的条件状语从句，主句含有情态动词，从句一般现在时态。这里是一般现在时态的被动语态，结构是is/am/are+动词的过去分词。主语it第三人称单数，用is。否定形式在is后加not。check的过去分词是checked。
故答案为：is not checked。
这辆车有时出毛病。如果不立即检查，可能会导致事故。
单词填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据单词提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
49.【答案】meaningful
【解析】本句的句型结构是：It is +adj.+ for sb. +to do sth.根据discover around 13，000 pieces of relics in China's Sanxingdui ruins可知此处表达的意思是"意义重大的"，所以填形容词meaningful。
故答案为：meaningful。
在中国三星堆遗址中发现约1.3万件文物，对我们来说意义重大。
用所给词的适当形式填空，考查学生对语法知识的掌握及对词性转换能力。做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词性及单词的形式，然后对所给单词进行适当的变形，从而得出正确答案。
50.【答案】treatment
【解析】此处在句中作主语，用名词形式treatment。
故填：treatment。
早期治疗有助于预防和减少许多健康问题。
熟悉名词的用法，根据所给单词解答即可。
51.【答案】to raise money for
【解析】raise money for sb.为某人筹集资金，根据The purpose of our Charity Sales is 可知这里用动词不定式作表语。
故答案为：to raise money for。
我们爱心义卖活动的目的是为贫困地区的孩子募集资金。
此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合短语或者句子，便可得出正确答案。
52.【答案】achieving our dreams
【解析】实现某人的梦想achieve one's dreams，是动词短语；放弃做某事give up doing sth，是固定搭配。
故答案为：achieving our dreams。
不论处境多么艰难，我们都绝不应放弃实现我们的梦想。
汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
53.【答案】develop
【解析】开展develop，是动词；在动词不定式符号to后面用动词原形。
故答案为：develop。
需要更多的志愿者和资金来继续开展我们的慈善工作。
汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
54.【答案】to depend on
【解析】依靠depend on，是动词短语；允许做某事allow to do sth.，是固定搭配，用动词不定式作主补。
故答案为：to depend on。
考试时，学生不允许依靠任何智能设备。
汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
55.【答案】made a big difference to
【解析】make a big difference to对……产生重大影响，根据句意可知句子是现在完成时，其构成是have/has+过去分词，make的过去分词是made。
故答案为：made a big difference to。
互联网对我们的日常生活产生了重大影响。
此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合短语或者句子，便可得出正确答案。
56.【答案】【小题1】sorting
【小题2】reply
【解析】（1）主旨大意题。根据第一段They help with garbage sorting.（他们帮助垃圾分类。）可知此处缺少"分类"。故填sorting。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段Chinese President Xi Jinping recently replied to a letter from volunteers in a community in Shanghai.（习近平主席最近给上海社区志愿者回了一封信。）可知此处缺少"回复"，reply表示"回复"，名词。故填reply。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段He also hopes volunteers could encourage more people to develop the habit of sorting garbage.（他也希望志愿者可以鼓励更多的人养成垃圾分类的习惯。）可知此处指"更多的人可以被鼓励去养成垃圾分类的习惯"，缺少"被鼓励"，需用被动语态。故填encouraged。
（4）细节理解他。根据第三段Since 2019，more than 22，000 garbage stations have been upgraded in Shanghai（自从2019年以来，上海有超过两万两千个垃圾站被升级）可知此处缺少"超过"，more than=over表示"超过"。故填over。
（5）细节理解题。根据第三段people once refused to sort garbage.but now they are actively joining in the activity.（人们曾经拒绝垃圾分类，但现在积极参与这个活动。）可知此处缺少"曾经"。故填once。
（6）细节理解题。根据第三段people once refused to sort garbage.but now they are actively joining in the activity.（人们曾经拒绝垃圾分类，但现在积极参与这个活动。）可知此处缺少"积极的"，take an active part in表示"在......积极参与"。故填active。
（7）细节理解题。根据第五段For example，house prices may go up，（举例来说，房价会升）可知此处缺少"升"，make sth.rise表示"使某物提升"。故填rise。
（8）细节理解题。根据第六段Sixteen-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting."（16岁的志愿者于悦针对垃圾分类已经做了海报写了文章。）可知此处缺少"制作"，and连接两个并列的词，后面是doing，可知此处也是doing。故填making。
（9）段落大意题。根据最后一段主要介绍了未来的计划，可知此处缺少"计划"，需用名词复数表一类。故填plans。
（10）细节理解题。根据最后一段The whole country is going to implement trash sorting by the end of 2025，（整个国家在2025年底会实施垃圾分类，）可知此处缺少介词"在"。故填in。
本文介绍了上海实行垃圾分类制度所采取的一些措施。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
57.【答案】【小题1】uccessfully
【小题2】eginning
【小题3】ut also
【小题4】n
【小题5】isited
【小题6】irst
【小题7】ncluding
【小题8】ixing
【小题9】ovember
【小题10】rovide
【解析】（1）考查副词。句意：5月30日，神舟十六号飞船成功进入太空。根据前面Chinese astronauts succeeded again!（中国宇航员又成功了!）可知此处填"成功地"，副词修饰动词reached（到达），故填successfully。
（2）考查名词。句意：它标志着神舟十六号任务的开始，并且希望飞船也将设法完成以下任务。根据后面it is hoped that the spacecraft will also manage to complete the following tasks（希望飞船也将设法完成以下任务）可知此处和the following tasks（以下任务）相对，表示任务的开始，故填beginning。
（3）考查连词词组。句意：据《中国日报》报道，这不仅是中国第三代航天员的首次飞行，也是中国平民首次进入太空。根据前面not only（不但），又根据not only….but also（不但……而且……），可知此处表示而且，故填but also。
（4）考查介词。句意：飞船上有三名机组人员：任务指挥官景海鹏，航天工程师朱杨柱和桂海潮教授。根据on board（在船上、飞机上或火车上），可知此处填介词"on"，故填on。
（5）考查动词。句意：这是他第四次进入太空，使他成为中国最有经验的宇航员。根据This is the fourth time（这是第四次）可知此处表示过去某个时刻持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时，句子结构：主语+have/has+done+其他，又根据前面has，可知此处填动词的过去分词形式，结合句意以及前面提示字母"v"，可知此处填"visit"拜访，其过去分词是visited，故填visited。
（6）考查序数词。句意：桂是第一个乘坐航天飞机的中国平民。根据前面the first time a Chinese civilian has traveled to space（中国平民首次进入太空）可知此处填"第一个"，故填first。
（7）考查动名词。句意：2020年，包括朱和桂在内的17名男性和1名女性从一群研究人员和工程师中脱颖而出。根据前面One woman and 17 men（17名男性和1名女性）和后面Zhu and Gui（朱和桂），可知此处表示"包括"，分析句子此处是动名词作后置定语，故填including。
（8）考查动名词。句意：宇宙飞船驾驶员和航天工程师负责驾驶宇宙飞船，并在宇宙飞船不能正常工作时修理它。根据be responsible for（为……负责）可知此处填动名词，又根据后面when it doesn't work properly（在宇宙飞船不能正常工作时），前面提示字母"f"，可知此处填"修理"，用fix的动名词形式fixing，故填fixing。
（9）考查月份。句意：他们将于11月返回地球。根据开头reached space on May，30（5月30日进入太空），又根据前面The crew will stay inside the Tiangong space station for around five months.（机组人员将在天宫空间站停留大约五个月。）可知此处填"十一月"，故填November。
（10）考查动词。句意：他们将进行太空行走，为其他航天器访问天宫空间站提供帮助，并在太空完成许多科学任务。根据后面when other spacecraft visit the Tiangong space station（其他航天器访问天宫空间站时），也根据help（帮助），可知此处表示"提供帮助"，分析句子此处和前面的"do"和后面的"finish"是并列关系，用动词原形，故填provide。
本文讲述神舟十六号发射到太空，并简单介绍了升空的宇航员。
联系上下文结合句意选择合适的单词填空。
58.【答案】How to make Nanjing a civilized city Nanjing is now trying to become a civilized city.As students，what should we do？We must respect our teachers and be polite to others.We should also help those who are in need and be friendly to the people around us.【高分句型一】（要乐于助人）Besides，we must obey the traffic rules.When we cross the street，we should walk on the zebra crossing.【高分句型二】And we mustn't go across the street when the traffic lights are red.We help our parents with housework at home.（在家和在公众场合要怎么做）What's more，we should protect our environment.For example，we mustn't step on the grass and climb the trees.Litter mustn't be thrown everywhere.We should try to walk or take the bus.（如何环保）
Nanjing is our hometown.Let's try our best to make it a civilized city.（总结全文）
【解析】【高分句型一】
We should also help those who are in need and be friendly to the people around us我们也应该帮助那些有需要的人，对我们周围的人友好。
这是who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 those。
【高分句型二】
When we cross the street，we should walk on the zebra crossing当我们过马路时，我们应该走斑马线。
这是when引导的时间状语从句，当……时候。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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