精品解析：2023届福建省厦门第一中学高三下学期五模英语试题（解析版）

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福建省厦门第一中学2023届高三毕业班模拟考试
英语试题
第一部分:听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the speakers do on Thursday?
A. Play football. B. Watch a movie. C. Go hiking.
2. What does the man want to do?
A. Place an order. B. Design a uniform. C. Form a team.
3. What is Sally’s favorite city?
A. Paris. B. Madrid. C. Venice.
4. Where will the speakers go?
A. To a cafe. B. To a dessert shop. C. To a bookstore.
5. What relation is Mr. Gomez to the man?
A. His teacher. B. His client. C. His boss.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man doing?
A. Driving a car. B. Repairing a car. C. Borrowing a car.
7. How does the man sound in the end?
A. Confused. B. Hesitant. C. Confident
听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。
8. What are the speakers discussing?
A. A job candidate. B. Anew workmate. C. Travel arrangements
9. How does Steven Johnson impress the man?
A. By his working experiences.
B. By his communication skills.
C. By his international background.
10. When will the speakers meet Steven Johnson?
A. Tomorrow B. Next week. C. The week after next.
听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。
11. What will the man do on Monday?
A. Start a new position. B. Pack his belongings. C. Attend a meeting.
12. What is the man busy doing now?
A. Moving to his new office.
B. Checking off office supplies.
C. Preparing for a promotion campaign.
13. What does the woman offer to do?
A. Review an expense report.
B. Provide the man with supplies.
C. Arrange a company celebration.
听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。
14. Where will the event take place?
A. At a coffee shop. B. At a music hall. C. At a park.
15. Why did the woman choose the location?
A. It’s private. B. It’s family friendly. C. It’s requested by the charity.
16. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Organize some activities
B. Contribute some money.
C. Contact some bands.
17. What is the event’s purpose?
A. To hear some live music.
B. To help an animal shelter.
C. To have some family fun.
听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题.
18. Why did the speaker learn Arabic?
A. She wanted to study in Cairo.
B. She was inspired by her teacher.
C. She became interested in the culture.
19. What is the biggest challenge for the speaker?
A. Suffering from culture shock.
B. Finding a hotel and accommodation.
C Mastering written and spoken Arabic.
20. What excites the speaker most?
A. Being invited to a meal.
B. Shopping at a local market.
C. Getting to know the locals.
第二部分(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Below is today’s schedule for Pacific Science Center’s programming. Daytime laser (激光) and planetarium (天文馆) shows are included in general admission tickets, but timed tickets are needed to enter the show. Please note: Planetarium shows have a limited number of tickets and sell out quickly. IMAX documentary and feature movies are not included and must be purchased separately.
TIMING
Live Science Shows: 15 minutes IMAX Documentary Movies: 45 minutes
Daytime Laser Shows: 30 minutes Planetarium Shows: 40 minutes
SCHEDULE
Show
Time
Place
Ticket
Dinosaurs of Antarctica
1:00 pm
PACCAR
Theater
IMAX Tickets Required
Preschool All Stars
10:30 am
Building 2,
Planetarium
Included in General Admission
Timed Tickets Required
Live Science Show
1:30 pm
Building 1, Live
Science Stage
Included in General Admission
Laser Jukebox
11:45am
Laser Dome
Included in General Admission
Timed Tickets Required
GENERAL VISITOR POLICIES
◇Pacific Science Center is a tobacco- and e-cigarette-free zone, including all outdoor spaces.
◇While pets are not permitted inside Pacific Science Center, service animals are welcome.
◇If you want to listen to music during your visit, we kindly ask that you use headphones.
◇Pacific Science Center reserves the right to refuse entry for ticket holders more than 15 minutes late for their exhibition entry time without refunds (退款).
◇All ticket sales are final and non-refundable.
◇All exchanges must be processed at least 24 hours before the time and date of the event or reservation.
1. Where can visitors learn something about a prehistoric animal?
A. In Laser Dome. B. In Building 2, Planetarium.
C. In PACCAR Theater. D. In Building 1, Live Science Stage.
2. When will Live Science Show end?
A. At 11:45 am. B. At 1:30 pm.
C. At 1:45 pm. D. At 2:15 pm.
3. What is allowed in Pacific Science Center?
A. Refunding the ticket. B. Bringing a service dog.
C. Entering half an hour late. D. Smoking in outdoor areas.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要从节目时长、节目表和游客须知等方面介绍了太平洋科学中心现场节目的相关情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据SCHEDULE部分中的“Dinosaurs of Antarctica (南极洲的恐龙)”对应的地点可知，在PACCAR剧院，游客可以以解关于一种史前动物(恐龙)的知识。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据TIMING部分中的“Live Science Shows: 15 minutes (现场科学表演：15分钟)”和SCHEDULE部分中Live Science Show的相关信息可知，该表演开始的时间为下午1:30，时长为15分钟，所以现场科学表演在下午1点45分结束。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据GENERAL VISITOR POLICIES部分中“While pets are not permitted inside Pacific Science Center, service animals are welcome (虽然不允许宠物进入太平洋科学中心，但欢迎服务性动物进入。)”可知，带一只服务犬是被允许的。故选B。
B
“To repair ancient books, we have a lot to do,” says Song Jing, 34, who has been working in the restoration division for ancient books at the National Library of China in Beijing for eight years. Before starting a restoration project, Song and her colleagues have to evaluate the subject to consider what problems can be solved through restoration and those that cannot. Fearing the chemicals in commercially produced pastes (胶水) might harm the books, they have to make the glues they need by themselves, starting from removing starch(淀粉) from flour.
“The restoration also requires high levels of control in brushing the paper. If the pressure is not properly controlled during the brushing process, the paper may tear, but if the touch is too light, the paper won’t stick,” Song explains.
Song was determined to join the field from an early age. As a child, she was attracted by documentaries about the world’s cultural relics (遗物) and became deeply interested in the art of artifact restoration.
In senior middle school, those earlier experiences helped her to set her sights on becoming a master restorer of ancient books.
There were not many schools offering cultural-relic restoration courses back then, and her dream destination, Peking University, only offered openings every other year.
As Song looked into undergraduate curricula (本科课程) arrangement for that particular field of study, she found it was mostly related to chemistry. Therefore, she chose to start a chemistry degree at Fudan University in Shanghai in 2008. In her spare time, she continued to read up on cultural relics and study how museums operate.
“I got to learn how certain aspects of chemistry are going a long way in restoring cultural relics,” she says.
After graduating from Fudan, she was accepted as a master’s candidate to the cultural heritage preservation program at Peking University. From then on, she has been on a mission to make her dreams a reality.
4. What will ruin a restoration work?
A. Brushing the paper. B. Man-made glue.
C. Removing starch. D. Incorrect assessment.
5. Which of the following best describes Song’s job?
A. Demanding and Boring. B. Complex and challenging.
C. Complicated and Dangerous. D. Entertaining and profitable.
6. Why did Song study chemistry at Fudan University in 2008?
A. She didn’t reach the requirement of Peking University.
B. Only Fudan University offered her favorite course.
C. She wanted to be better prepared for her dream occupation.
D. Her interest had shifted from book restoration to chemistry.
7. What can we learn from Song’s story?
A. History mirrors future. B. Courage is the key to achievements.
C. Education breaks down barriers. D. Commitment and hard work pay off.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述宋静在北京中国国家图书馆古籍修复处工作和努力成为古籍修复师的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Before starting a restoration project, Song and her colleagues have to evaluate the subject to consider what problems can be solved through restoration and those that cannot. (在开始修复项目之前，宋静和她的同事必须对受试者进行评估，以考虑哪些问题可以通过修复解决，哪些问题不能通过修复解决。)”可知，错误的评估可能会破坏修复工作。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Fearing the chemicals in commercially produced pastes (胶水) might harm the books, they have to make the glues they need by themselves, starting from removing starch(淀粉) from flour. (由于担心商业生产的糊状物中的化学物质可能会危害书籍，他们不得不自己制作所需的胶水，从去除面粉中的淀粉开始。)”和第二段““The restoration also requires high levels of control in brushing the paper. If the pressure is not properly controlled during the brushing process, the paper may tear, but if the touch is too light, the paper won’t stick,” Song explains. (“修复还需要对刷纸进行高度控制。如果在刷纸过程中压力控制不当，纸可能会撕裂，但如果触摸太轻，纸就粘不住，”Song解释道。)”可知，古籍修复工作复杂且具有挑战性。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“As Song looked into undergraduate curricula (本科课程) arrangement for that particular field of study, she found it was mostly related to chemistry. Therefore, she chose to start a chemistry degree at Fudan University in Shanghai in 2008. (当宋研究该特定研究领域的本科生课程安排时，她发现这主要与化学有关。因此，她选择于2008年在上海复旦大学攻读化学学位。)”和第七段“(她说：“我开始了解化学的某些方面是如何在修复文物方面发挥重要作用的。”)”可知，宋静去上海复旦大学攻读化学学位是因为她发现研究该特定研究领域的本科生课程安排时，她发现这主要与化学有关，所以她去学习化学是为自己梦想中的职业做好更好的准备。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Song was determined to join the field from an early age. As a child, she was attracted by documentaries about the world’s cultural relics (遗物) and became deeply interested in the art of artifact restoration. (宋从小就决心加入这个领域。小时候，她被关于世界文物的纪录片所吸引，并对文物修复艺术产生了浓厚的兴趣。)”，第四段“In senior middle school, those earlier experiences helped her to set her sights on becoming a master restorer of ancient books. (在高中时，这些早期的经历帮助她立志成为一名古籍修复大师。)”，第六段“As Song looked into undergraduate curricula (本科课程) arrangement for that particular field of study, she found it was mostly related to chemistry. Therefore, she chose to start a chemistry degree at Fudan University in Shanghai in 2008. (当宋研究该特定研究领域的本科生课程安排时，她发现这主要与化学有关。因此，她选择于2008年在上海复旦大学攻读化学学位。)”和最后一段“After graduating from Fudan, she was accepted as a master’s candidate to the cultural heritage preservation program at Peking University. From then on, she has been on a mission to make her dreams a reality. (从复旦大学毕业后，她被北京大学文化遗产保护项目的硕士研究生录取。从那时起，她就肩负着实现梦想的使命。)”可知，宋静的故事告诉我们，只要付出和努力就会有回报。故选D。
C
Adapting to technological advances is a defining part of the 21st-century life. Just two months after being launched in November 2022, OpenAI’s ChatGPT has already reached an audience of over 100 million people. While ChatGPT threatens to change writing and writing-related work, the Mesopotamians, who lived 4,000 years ago in a geographical area centered in modern-day Iraq, went through this kind of far-reaching change before us.
Ancient Mesopotamia was home to many of civilization’s early developments. Its people were world leaders in adapting to technological and cultural changes. They invented the wheel and agriculture, and pioneered advances in mathematics and urbanization. These breakthroughs are reflected in cuneiform(楔形文字)literature，one of the oldest known forms of writing.
In its literature, Mesopotamians don’t present cultural and technological advances as consistently beneficial.They often represent new technologies being controlled in the service of human conflict and mostly serving the interests of those with high social positions. In some ways，the representation of new technologies in its literature echoes(映现)contemporary concerns about AI: fears of increasing social inequalities and its potential use in information war.
In recent years，AI—the newest form of writing—has been used to decipher(破译)the oldest: cuneiform literature.In broader fields,the boundaries of how AI may be used haven’t been clearly explained.In January,for example, a top international AI conference banned the use of AI tools for writing scientific papers.
Humans have been struggling to invent, use and adapt to technology since our earliest civilizations. But the technology and resulting knowledge are not always evenly distributed. Knowing how we adapted to changing technology in the past helps us more fully understand the human condition and may even help us prepare for the future.
8. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about concerning Mesopotamians?
A. Their adaptation to threats.
B. Their influences on writing.
C. Their contribution to literature.
D. Their achievements in civilization.
9. What can be inferred about technological advances from paragraph 3?
A. They prevent human conflict.
B. They bring about hidden dangers.
C They take away people’s concerns.
D. They lower people’s social status.
10. What is the current situation of AI according to paragraph 4?
A. Its use in literature is popular.
B. It is not allowed to finish papers.
C. Its range of application is undefined.
D. It is not accepted in broader fields.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. How People Can Use the Latest Technology
B. How ChatGPT Will Threaten Writing and Work
C. What AI Will Do by Learning Cuneiform Literature
D. What History Can Teach Us About New Tech’s Impact
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要通过讲述历史上美索不达米亚人的科技成就及其影响来启示当今的科技发展及影响。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段的“Ancient Mesopotamia was home to many of civilization’s early developments. Its people were world leaders in adapting to technological and cultural changes. They invented the wheel and agriculture, and pioneered advances in mathematics and urbanization. These breakthroughs are reflected in cuneiform(楔形文字)literature，one of the oldest known forms of writing.（古代美索不达米亚是许多早期文明发展的发源地。它的人民在适应技术和文化变化方面处于世界领先地位。他们发明了车轮和农业，开创了数学和城市化的先河。这些突破反映在楔形文字文学中，这是已知最古老的书写形式之一。）”，可知，关于美索不达米亚人，第二段主要讨论了“他们的文明成就”。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“They often represent new technologies being controlled in the service of human conflict and mostly serving the interests of those with high social positions.（它们通常代表着为人类冲突服务而被控制的新技术，主要为那些社会地位高的人的利益服务。）”，可知，从第3段可以推断出技术进步的“它们带来了隐患。”。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“In broader fields, the boundaries of how AI may be used haven’t been clearly explained.（在更广泛的领域，人工智能如何使用的界限还没有得到明确的解释。）”，可知，根据第4段，AI的现状是“它的应用范围是不明确的。”故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通过对文章结构和内容的分析，再根据最后一段“Humans have been struggling to invent, use and adapt to technology since our earliest civilizations. But the technology and resulting knowledge are not always evenly distributed. Knowing how we adapted to changing technology in the past helps us more fully understand the human condition and may even help us prepare for the future.（自最早的文明以来，人类一直在努力发明、使用和适应技术。但是技术和由此产生的知识并不总是均匀分布的。了解我们如何适应过去不断变化的技术有助于我们更全面地了解人类的状况，甚至可能帮助我们为未来做好准备。）”，可知本文主要通过讲述历史上美索不达米亚人的科技成就及其影响来启示今天的科技发展及影响。所以短文的标题为“关于新技术的影响，历史能告诉我们什么”。故选D。
D
Have you ever wished you could be better organised or more sociable? Perhaps you’re a constant worrier, and you’d prefer to be a little more carefree?
Many surveys show that at least two-thirds of people would like to change some elements of their personality. In the past, such desires appeared to be unachievable. Like the proverbial leopard that could never change its spots, our virtues and flaws were believed to be woven into the fabric of our minds.
Recent scientific research, however, proves this expectation of personality’s permanence wrong. With the right psychological strategies and enough effort, many people can successfully shape their core personalities into what they desire.
Our genes almost certainly play a role: it’s why people’s personalities often reflect their biological parents’ ones. The influence of our social environment was thought to end in early adulthood, as the brain reached maturity. If this were true, it wouldn’t be possible to shift personality at will. Yet that is exactly what psychology professor Nathan Hudson and his colleagues have shown with a series of groundbreaking studies.
The interventions in their studies typically involve arranging regular activities that reflect the personalities people wish to adopt. A quiet person who wished to be more outgoing, for example, might have the goal of introducing themselves to a stranger once a week, or making small talk with the cashier at their local supermarket.
The aim is for the thinking patterns and behaviours they generate to become habitual. In the first trial, provided participants actually completed those arranged tasks, their personalities shifted in the desired direction. Similarly exciting results could be seen in a later trial. The differences of participants’ personalities before and after the intervention were still apparent three months after the experiment had ended. As Aristotle argued more than 2,300 years ago, we become what we repeatedly do.
The unexpected plasticity of our minds should be good news for anyone who wishes they were a bit more sociable, organised, or happy-go-lucky. Another potential benefit is that awareness of this research could help improve mental health.
12. Why is “leopard” mentioned in paragraph 2?
A. To explain that our minds consist of virtues and flaws.
B. To show the similarity between leopards and human beings.
C. To prove a possibility that people can change their personality.
D. To demonstrate the previous belief that personalities remain fixed.
13. What can be inferred about the “interventions”?
A. The two trials reached different conclusions. B. Activities are tailored to specific personalitites.
C. The purpose is to better people’s personalities. D. People’s personalities can be changed but can’t last.
14. What has Nathan Hudson’s team shown through their studies?
A. The previous expectation of personality’s permanence was confirmed.
B. The influence of our social environment ends when the brain matures.
C. The desire to change some elements of our personality can be achieved.
D. Our genes play a greater role in our personality than social environment.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. We Are What We Do B. Habits Make Things Easier
C. Your Personality Is Not Set In Stone D. A Leopard Never Changes Its Spots
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。最近的科学研究证明，这种对人格持久性的期望是错误的。通过正确的心理策略和足够的努力，许多人可以成功地将他们的核心个性塑造成他们想要的样子。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现和意义：对于那些希望自己更善于交际、更有条理或更随遇而安的人来说，我们大脑意想不到的可塑性应该是个好消息。另一个潜在的好处是，意识到这项研究可以帮助改善心理健康。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Many surveys show that at least two-thirds of people would like to change some elements of their personality. In the past, such desires appeared to be unachievable. Like the proverbial leopard that could never change its spots, our virtues and flaws were believed to be woven into the fabric of our minds.(许多调查显示，至少三分之二的人想要改变他们性格中的某些元素。在过去，这样的愿望似乎是无法实现的。就像谚语所说的“江山易改本性难移”一样，我们的优点和缺点被认为是编织在我们的思想结构中)”可推知，在第二段提到了“豹”是为了证明先前的观点，即人格是固定的。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“The interventions in their studies typically involve arranging regular activities that reflect the personalities people wish to adopt. A quiet person who wished to be more outgoing, for example, might have the goal of introducing themselves to a stranger once a week, or making small talk with the cashier at their local supermarket.(在他们的研究中，干预通常包括安排反映人们希望采用的个性的定期活动。例如，一个安静的人希望变得更外向，他的目标可能是每周向陌生人介绍自己一次，或者在当地超市与收银员闲聊一次)”可推知，活动是为特定的个性量身定制的。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In the first trial, provided participants actually completed those arranged tasks, their personalities shifted in the desired direction. Similarly exciting results could be seen in a later trial. The differences of participants’ personalities before and after the intervention were still apparent three months after the experiment had ended. As Aristotle argued more than 2,300 years ago, we become what we repeatedly do.(在第一次试验中，如果参与者确实完成了这些安排好的任务，他们的性格就会朝着预期的方向转变。在随后的试验中也可以看到同样令人兴奋的结果。实验结束三个月后，参与者在干预前后的性格差异仍然很明显。正如亚里士多德在2300多年前所说的那样，我们反复做什么，我们就会成为什么)”可知，内森·哈德森的团队通过他们的研究表明了改变我们个性的某些元素的愿望是可以实现的。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Recent scientific research, however, proves this expectation of personality’s permanence wrong. With the right psychological strategies and enough effort, many people can successfully shape their core personalities into what they desire.(然而，最近的科学研究证明，这种对人格持久性的期望是错误的。通过正确的心理策略和足够的努力，许多人可以成功地将他们的核心个性塑造成他们想要的样子)”可知，文章主要介绍了最近的科学研究证明，这种对人格持久性的期望是错误的。通过正确的心理策略和足够的努力，许多人可以成功地将他们的核心个性塑造成他们想要的样子，C选项“你的性格不是一成不变的”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题: 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“Just think positively!”
“It could be worse.”
“You should look at the bright side!”
We’ve all heard (and maybe used) these phrases without much thought. But they could be contributing to a culture of toxic (有毒的) positivity. For those new to this term, it might sound like an oxymoron (矛盾修辞法). How can positivity be toxic? Isn’t it supposed to be helpful, or “positive”, as the name suggests?___16___
“Toxic positivity is when somebody avoids all negative thoughts or feelings, pretending everything is going well when it is not,” explains Melissa Dowd, a therapist at PlushCare, a virtual health platform. Whitney Goodman, another licensed psychotherapist, describes toxic positivity as the “endless pressure to be happy and positive, no matter what the circumstances are.”___17___It’s also something we can cause other people to experience.
Toxic positivity causes us to suppress our emotions, which can make them worse. ___18___“Although it can be helpful to look on the bright side when facing challenges,” Dowd says, “not coping with negative feelings in a healthy way in the moment can lead to those feelings resurfacing later in different areas of your life or as a form of anxiety.” ___19___ “If I feel like you’re going to set me aside, I’m going to stop sharing how I’m feeling,” Goodman adds.
___20___If you’re using toxic positivity against yourself, Goodman suggests remembering it’s OK if you’re upset about something. It’s valid if something annoys you. “Allow ourselves and other people to share when they’re going through a difficult time,” she says. Dowd adds that it’s essential that “we all learn to cope with and process our emotions in a healthy way as opposed to avoiding how we feel” as life’s stressors continue to rise. For example, instead of simply saying “Just think positively,” we’d better say “Sometimes bad things happen. How can I help?”
A. Are there ways to avoid toxic positivity?
B. Toxic positivity also interrupts connection.
C. It can harm people who are going through difficult times.
D. Expressing toxic positivity to others may look like offering them a simple solution.
E. They become more intense and can also cause long-lasting health concerns in the future.
F. Experts say constant forced positivity can lead to the opposite, and have a negative effect.
G. This is what we may bring on to ourselves by not allowing negative thoughts and feelings.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，短文介绍了“有毒的积极性”的不良影响和应对措施。
【16题详解】
根据上文“How can positivity be toxic? Isn’t it supposed to be helpful, or “positive”, as the name suggests?(积极怎么会是有毒的呢？它不应该是有益的，或者像它的名字所暗示的那样是“积极的”吗？)”可知，选项承接上文说明专家对此的观点。故F选项“Experts say constant forced positivity can lead to the opposite, and have a negative effect.(专家表示，持续的强迫积极可能会导致相反的结果，并产生负面影响。)”切题。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Whitney Goodman, another licensed psychotherapist, describes toxic positivity as the “endless pressure to be happy and positive, no matter what the circumstances are.”(另一位有执照的心理治疗师Whitney Goodman 将有毒的积极描述为“无论环境如何，都要保持快乐和积极的无尽压力。”)”可知，选项承接上文进一步总结所带来的后果。故G选项“This is what we may bring on to ourselves by not allowing negative thoughts and feelings.(这就是我们不允许消极的想法和感觉给自己带来的后果。)”切题。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Toxic positivity causes us to suppress our emotions, which can make them worse.(有毒的积极情绪会使我们压抑情绪，从而使情绪变得更糟。)”可知，选项承接上文说明有毒的积极情绪的不良影响。故E选项“They become more intense and can also cause long-lasting health concerns in the future.(它们变得更加强烈，也可能在未来造成长期的健康问题。)”切题。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据下文““If I feel like you’re going to set me aside, I’m going to stop sharing how I’m feeling,” Goodman adds.(Goodman补充说：“如果我觉得你要把我放在一边，我就不会再分享我的感受了。”)”可知，有毒的积极情绪会破坏人际关系，故B选项“Toxic positivity also interrupts connection.(有毒的积极态度也会中断人际关系。)”切题。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据下文“If you’re using toxic positivity against yourself, Goodman suggests remembering it’s OK if you’re upset about something. It’s valid if something annoys you. “Allow ourselves and other people to share when they’re going through a difficult time,” she says. Dowd adds that it’s essential that “we all learn to cope with and process our emotions in a healthy way as opposed to avoiding how we feel” as life’s stressors continue to rise.(Goodman建议，如果你正在用有害的积极态度来对付自己，记住，如果你对某事感到不安，那也没关系。如果有什么事惹恼了你，这是合理的。她说：“让我们自己和其他人在经历困难的时候分享。”Dowd补充说，随着生活压力的不断增加，“我们都学会以一种健康的方式处理我们的情绪，而不是逃避我们的感受”，这是至关重要的。)”可知，下文是对上文有没有办法避免有毒的积极性的问题的回答。故A选项“Are there ways to avoid toxic positivity?(有没有办法避免有毒的积极情绪？)”切题。故选A。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For Sara’s family, decorating the yard was always a celebration for the New Year. This year Sara’s father ____21____ colorful lights all round their roof. On New Year’s Eve, light ____22____ the whole house. Everything seemed to be going fine until ____23____ struck: Sara’s father passed away suddenly. Sara was ____24____ by great sadness. However, seeing the hanging lights, she was in a state of feeling happy, gaining a tiny thread of ____25____.
The lights were the last ____26____ of her beloved father. Taking them down meant the ____27____ connection with her father would disappear, which she wasn’t ready to accept. So she ____28____ them. One day in March, Sara received an ____29____ note in the mail: “Take your New Year’s lights down!” She couldn’t _____30_____ her anger, and shared it with her story online. Messages of support _____31_____ into Sara’s inbox quickly. Besides, one day, Sara found that New Year’s decorations _____32_____ on houses in her neighborhood—her neighbors hung their lights back up in _____33_____ of her father!
She never learned the sender’s identity. But for her, that hurtful deed was far less _____34_____ than so many acts of kindness. A few weeks later, Sara took down the decorations. “It was hard. But _____35_____ all that support and love, it was not as hard as I thought.”
21. A. strung B. purchased C. removed D. checked
22. A. caught B. enveloped C. exposed D. included
23. A. danger B. challenge C. misfortune D. fire
24. A. overcome B. frightened C. approached D. beaten
25. A. hope B. relief C. sadness D. anxiety
26. A. possessions B. inventions C. presents D. reminders
27. A. positive B. symbolic C. final D. private
28. A. preserved B. cleaned C. recovered D. replaced
29. A. unimportant B. unreliable C. unmarked D. unsigned
30. A. bring about B. hold back C. put aside D. go through
31. A. slid B. pressed C. flooded D. broke
32. A. updated B. reappeared C. faded D. increased
33. A. honour B. search C. defence D. support
34. A. influential B. possible C. helpful D. significant
35. A. regardless of B. more than C. due to D. apart from
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。新年前夜，Sara的父亲突然去世，她沉浸在悲伤之中，不舍得撤去父亲亲手悬挂的新年灯饰。尽管她收到了陌生人要求其撤掉灯饰的伤人的便条，但仍有很多人对Sara的行为表示理解和支持。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年，Sara的父亲在他们的屋顶上挂满了彩灯。A. strung悬挂，系，扎；B. purchased购买；C. removed消除；D. checked检查。根据“For Sara’s family, decorating the yard was always a celebration for the New Year.”和“However, seeing the hanging lights,”可知，Sara的父亲在屋顶上挂满了彩灯。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除夕之夜，灯光笼罩了整个房子。A. caught抓住；B. enveloped遮盖，笼罩，包围；C. exposed揭露；D. included包括。根据“This year Sara’s father ____1____ colorful lights all round their roof.”可知，整个房子都被灯光笼罩着。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一切似乎都很顺利，直到不幸降临：Sara的父亲突然去世了。A. danger危险；B. challenge挑战；C. misfortune不幸，厄运，不幸事故；D. fire火。根据“Sara’s father passed away suddenly.”可知，不幸突然发生：Sara的父亲突然去世了。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sara极度悲伤。A. overcome(某种情绪)控制……，对……产生极大的影响；B. frightened害怕；C. approached接近；D. beaten打败。根据“Sara’s father passed away suddenly.”可知，Sara的父亲突然去世，她悲痛欲绝。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，看到挂着的灯，她感到很高兴，得到了一丝安慰。A. hope希望；B. relief安慰；C. sadness悲伤；D. anxiety焦虑。根据上文讲述的是父亲挂的灯和“she was in a state of feeling happy,”可知，这些灯给她带来了一丝安慰。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些灯光是她对她深爱的父亲最后的回忆。A. possessions个人财产；B. inventions发明；C. presents礼物；D. reminders引起回忆的事物。根据“of her beloved father.”可知，这些灯是最后能引起Sara对她深爱的父亲的回忆的东西。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：把它们取下来意味着她和父亲最后的联系将会消失，这是她还没有准备好接受的。A. positive积极的；B. symbolic象征的；C. final最终的，最后的；D. private私人的，秘密的。根据“connection with her father would disappear, which she wasn’t ready to accept.”可知，把这些灯摘下来意味着她与父亲的最后联系的消失。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是她把它们继续挂着。A. preserved维持……的原状，保存；B. cleaned清洁；C. recovered恢复；D. replaced替换。根据“Take your New Year’s lights down!”和“A few weeks later, Sara took down the decorations.”可知，她让那些灯继续挂着。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：3月的一天，Sara收到一封没有署名的邮件：“把你的新年灯关掉!”A. unimportant不重要的；B. unreliable不可靠的，不可信赖的；C. unmarked未做标记的，没有标志的；D. unsigned未签名的，没有署名的。根据“She never learned the sender’s identity.”可知，这张便条没有署名。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她无法抑制自己的愤怒，并在网上分享了自己的故事。A. bring about导致，引起；B. hold back压抑，抑制(感情等)；C. put aside忽视，不理睬，忘记；D. go through经历某事，经受某事。根据语境可知，那张便条的内容让Sara无法抑制她的愤怒。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：支持的信息很快涌进了Sara的收件箱。A. slid滑动；B. pressed压；C. flooded(大量地)涌到，涌去；D. broke打破。根据“into Sara’s inbox quickly.”可知，很快，Sara收到了很多支持她的邮件，大量的邮件涌进了Sara的收件箱。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，有一天，Sara发现她邻居的房子上又出现了新年的装饰——她的邻居们又把他们的灯挂起来纪念她的父亲!A. updated更新；B. reappeared再次出现，重新出现；C. faded褪色；D. increased增加。根据“her neighbors hung their lights back up”可知，新年的装饰重新出现在她所在街区的房子上。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，有一天，Sara发现她邻居的房子上又出现了新年的装饰——她的邻居们又把他们的灯挂起来纪念她的父亲!A. honour尊敬；B. search寻找；C. defence防御；D. support 支持。in honour of为纪念……，为向……表示敬意。根据“her neighbors hung their lights back up”可知，Sara的邻居们把灯重新挂起来，以纪念她的父亲。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但对她来说，那件伤人的事远没有那么多善举重要。 A. influential有很大影响的；B. possible可能的，可能做到的，可能实现的；C. helpful有用的，有益的，有帮助的；D. significant重要的，值得注意的，显著的。根据“than so many acts of kindness.”可知，那伤人的行为远远没有那么多的善举重要。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：但由于所有的支持和爱，这并没有我想象的那么难。A. regardless of不管；B. more than不仅仅；C. due to由于；D. apart from除……之外。根据“it was not as hard as I thought.”可知，由于所有的这些支持和爱，这(指取下新年装饰)没有想的那么难了。故选C。
第二节(共10小题; 每题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chief Executive Officer of Beijing Aiqi Technology Yang Zhang has revived the Chinese cultural practice of using the mortise and tenon(榫卯)technique for construction which is on the edge of extinction.
He used the ancient mortise and tenon technique ____36____ (construct)the Turret of Palace Museum at a 1:81 miniscale. The choice of “Turret of Palace Museum” ____37____ the theme for the mini building block project ____38____ (base)on several factors.
____39____ (situate)in the Forbidden City of Beijing, this architectural treasure boasts the ____40____ (delicate)design and elegant shape among Chinese royal buildings. It was historically responsible for protecting the palace. The complex layout of the turret posed ____41____ unprecedented (史无前例的) technical challenge for Zhang and his team of designers and ____42____ (develop). Unlike conventional building block toys, Zhang aimed to create a model made ____43____ (entire)of authentic mortise and tenon components. The entire process of design took nearly five years, with hundreds of design iterations and continuous adjustments.
The mortise and tenon technique, ____44____ is the primary construction method used in ancient Chinese architecture and represents the core of traditional Chinese woodworking, is gaining increasing _____45_____ (recognize)among the public.
【答案】36. to construct
37. as 38. was based
39. Situated
40. most delicate
41. an 42. developers
43. entirely
44. which 45. recognition
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了北京爱奇科技首席执行官杨章复兴了中国文化中濒临消失的榫卯建筑技术。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他采用古代的榫卯技术，按1:81的比例建造了故宫的角楼。use...to do...是固定搭配，意为“用……做……”。故填to construct。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：选择“故宫角楼”作为迷你积木项目的主题是基于几个因素。表示“作为”，后跟名词作宾语，应用介词as。故填as。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：选择“故宫角楼”作为迷你积木项目的主题是基于几个因素。表示“基于……”短语为be based on，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，主语为The choice of “Turret of Palace Museum” as the theme for the mini building block project，谓语用单数形式。故填was based。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这座建筑瑰宝位于北京紫禁城，拥有中国皇家建筑中最精致的设计和最优雅的造型。分析句子结构可知situate与逻辑主语this architectural treasure构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Situated。
【40题详解】
考查最高级。句意：这座建筑瑰宝位于北京紫禁城，拥有中国皇家建筑中最精致的设计和最优雅的造型。根据上文定冠词以及句意“最精致”可知应用最高级，在delicate前加most。故填most delicate。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：炮塔的复杂布局对张和他的设计和开发团队提出了前所未有的技术挑战。可数名词challenge在句中表示“一个挑战”，泛指，空格后单词unprecedented发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：炮塔的复杂布局对张和他的设计和开发团队提出了前所未有的技术挑战。根据上文designers and可知应用复数名词developers，作宾语。故填developers。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：与传统的积木玩具不同，张的目标是创造一个完全由真实的榫卯组件组成的模型。修饰动词made，用副词entirely作状语，意为“完全地”。故填entirely。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：榫卯技术是中国古代建筑的主要施工方法，代表了中国传统木工的核心，越来越受到公众的认可。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The mortise and tenon technique，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：榫卯技术是中国古代建筑的主要施工方法，代表了中国传统木工的核心，越来越受到公众的认可。提示词作宾语，用名词recognition，意为“认可”，不可数名词。故填recognition。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 书面表达(满分15分)
46. 最近，某国际学校很多学生由于用眼过度或用眼不当，视力下降很快。假如你是该校学生李华，请你用英文向全校同学发起以“爱护眼睛”为主题 的倡议书，内容包括：
1.用眼存在的问题；
2. 爱护眼睛的意义；
3.提出倡议。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear fellow students,
Currently, many students suffer from poor eyesight due to excessive or improper use of eyes. Thus, I'm advocating “Protect Our Eyes”.
Eyes are the window to the soul. Having good eyesight means we can not only see things clearly but also appreciate beautiful scenes better. Anyway, only when we form a good habit of protecting eyes, such as doing regular eye-exercises and reading in right light, can we really enjoy our life.
See well, live well. So don't hesitate to act at once!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇提纲类写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，最近，某国际学校很多学生由于用眼过度或用眼不当，视力下降很快。假如你是该校学生李华，请你用英文向全校同学发起以“爱护眼睛”为主题 的倡议书，内容包括：1.用眼存在的问题；2. 爱护眼睛的意义；3.提出倡议。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：suffer from(遭受)；due to(因为)；eyesight(视力)；such as(例如)；hesitate(犹豫)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Having good eyesight means we can not only see things clearly but also appreciate beautiful scenes better.非谓语动词的运用；Anyway, only when we form a good habit of protecting eyes, such as doing regular eye-exercises and reading in right light, can we really enjoy our life.运用倒装句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was terrified of heights. Of course, it was not really a fear of being in a high place. Rather, it was the view of a long way to fall, of rocks far below me and no firm wall between me and the edge. My sense of security was screamingly absent.I could rely only on my own sure-footedness.
Despite my fear, two summers ago I somehow found myself climbing to a high place, while quaking inside and out. Most of our high school had come along on a day trip to the Boquerón, a beautiful and pleasant spot in the foothills of Peru. Its chief attraction is the main waterfall, about 100 feet high, that thunders into a crystal clear pool feeding the Aguaytia River. All around the pool and on down to the rushing river are rocks large and small. The beach is strewn (布满) with rocks. On both sides of the fall, the jungle stretches to meet it, rising parallel to it on a gentler slope.
After eating our lunches, many of us wanted to make the climb to an area above it. We knew others had done so on previous trips. A few guys went first to make sure they were on the right path. But after they left, my group of seven decided to go ahead without waiting for them to return. I suspected we were going the wrong way, but I kept silent, figuring that the others knew better. We went along the base of the hill until we reached the climb. It stopped me in my tracks.
The climb rose steeply above us. Along the right edge, the jungle hugged the rocks; passage through its trees seemed unlikely to be achieved. The majority of my view was filled with rocks. Peering back down toward the river, I saw a steep slope of rocks all the way to the water. All I could think about was how far it would be to fall.
注意：
1.续写词数应150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My tense thoughts were interrupted by the realization that my friends were already beginning to climb!
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My friends kept right on climbing but they did not forget me.
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【答案】My tense thoughts were interrupted by the realization that my friends were already beginning to climb! My anxiety increased as I watched them. “Do I turn back? My whole being shouted,” “Yes!” “Will I regret it later? I really want to get to the top, but...” I voiced my uncertainties to my friends. They dismissed my fears and encouraged me to stick it out. Questioning my own ability, I decided at least to attempt the climb. I chose a path that seemed easiest with my friends ahead of me. When the “path” led up to an extremely narrow area, the difficulties increased, with scary spots one after another. My breathing sped up, and my heart pounded even faster, growing loud in my ears.
My friends kept right on climbing but they did not forget me. Someone was always behind me to help hold my feet steady when necessary, while someone else was ahead to offer a hand up. I trusted them more than myself. With friends supporting me by words and actions, I slowly gained ground. Finally we came to the toughest place. Once again I shrank when I peered back at the steep slope of rocks. “You can make it! We won’t let you fall.” My friends’ assurances gave me the strength to go on. When my feet made contact with the solid rock on the top, I heaved a huge sigh of relief. I could feel all the fear draining out of me. I never felt so alive, and so thankful for my friends and that life.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者有恐高症，但在一次去山里旅游的时候，在朋友们的鼓励和帮助下，作者最终登上了山顶克服了自己的恐高症。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我意识到我的朋友们已经开始攀登时，我紧张的思绪被打断了!”可知，第一段可描写作者在朋友的鼓励下，决定尝试去攀登山峰。
②由第二段首句内容“我朋友们继续攀爬，但他们没有忘记我。”可知，第二段可描写作者在朋友们的帮助下成功登上了山顶。
2. 续写线索：决定去爬山——到达山脚下——犹豫——朋友们鼓励——开始攀登——朋友们帮助——成功登上山顶。
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①提高：increase/grow/enhance
②表达：voice/express/put into words
③鼓励：encourage/inspire/inspirit
情绪类
①焦虑：anxiety/worry/disquiet
②恐惧：fear/panic/scare
【点睛】[高分句型1]When the “path” led up to an extremely narrow area, the difficulties increased, with scary spots one after another.(when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]Someone was always behind me to help hold my feet steady when necessary, while someone else was ahead to offer a hand up.(while引导的时间状语从句)
听力答案：1-5BACBC 6-10BCAAC 11-15AABAB 16-20CBBCA