初中英语牛津版 (深圳&广州)八年级下册Unit 7 The unknown world优秀随堂练习题

这是一份初中英语牛津版 (深圳&广州)八年级下册Unit 7 The unknown world优秀随堂练习题，文件包含Unit7单元小结-八年级英语下册同步精品课堂牛津深圳版解析版docx、Unit7单元小结-八年级英语下册同步精品课堂牛津深圳版原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共40页， 欢迎下载使用。

Unit 7 The unknown world
单元小结
知识目录


学习目标：本单元话题是未知的世界，阅读关于与外星人遭遇的故事，能读懂相关难度的文章。
语法目标：学习原因状语从句的用法。
听说目标：能听懂小故事。
写作目标：能够学会描述一个故事。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式
要点1 unknown 的用法 练习
要点2 receive的用法 练习
要点3 damage的用法 练习
要点4 frighten用法 练习
要点5 discover用法 练习
要点6 pleased用法 练习
要点7 explain的用法 练习
要点8 fear的用法 练习
要点9 wonder的用法小结 练习
要点10 bebieve的用法 练习
要点11 as soon as possible 的用法 练习
要点12 disagree的用法 练习
要点13 because和because of的用法 练习
知识要点二、语法
要点1 原因状语从句 17
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 20
要点2 词汇短语积累 21
要点3句式积累 22
要点4实战演练 23
知识要点一、重点单词，短语和句式


【精讲精练】
要点 1. unknown known
unknown adj. 未知的
【例句】
We bought a painting from an unknown artist. 我们买了一幅某个未出名画家所作的画。
【拓展】
(1)know v. 知道，过去式和过去分词分别为knew, known。
I don’t know anything about him. 我对他一无所知。
2)be known for=be famous for 因……而闻名
Einstein was known for his Theory of Relativity.=Einstein was famous for his Theory of Relativity.
爱因斯坦以他的相对论而闻名。
(3)be known as=be famous as 作为……而闻名
Einstein was known as a great scientist.=Einstein was famous as a great scientist.
爱因斯坦以一位伟大的科学家
【典例分析】
1.Kunming is known _________ Spring City.
A. as B. for C. by
2.Though we have seen her before, her name remains _____________ (know).
3.爱因斯坦因他的相对论而闻名。（完成句子）
Einstein _______ _________ _________his Theory of Relativity.
=Einstein ________ _________ ________ his Theory of Relativity.
4.爱因斯坦以一位伟大的科学家而著称。
Einstein _______ ________ _________ a great scientist.
=Einstein ________ ________ _________ a great scientist.
要点 2. receive
receive v. 收到
He received a letter from his brother yesterday. 他昨天收到了他弟弟(哥哥)写给他的一封信。
【辨析】receive与accept
receive 通常指被动地“收到”或“接到”，而 accept 则指主动地“接受”。
She received his present, but she didn’t accept it. 她收到了他的礼物，但是没有接受。
accept v. 接受(建议、邀请等)
You should accept her present. 你应该接受她的礼物
receive词性及物动词，此句中意为“接待；招待”。receive还可表示“接到；收到”，与get同义，其后可接介词from. /
þ They are very glad to have the opportunity to receive the guest.
他们非常高兴有机会接待这位贵宾。
þ I received a letter from my mother.
我收到母亲的一封来信。
辨析：receive与accept
receive
接待；收到
指客观的收到
He received a letter from his friend.
他收到了朋友的来信。
accept
接受
指主观的接受
She accepted my gift.
她接受了我的礼物。

þ I received his invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it.
昨天我收到了他的聚会请束，但我拒绝接受。
【典例分析】
1. 昨天我收到了我朋友的来信。
I __________ my friend’s letter yesterday.
2. 我接受你的建议。
I __________ your advice.
3.露西收到了他的礼物，但是她没有接受。
Lucy has ____________ his present, but she will not ____________it.
4. —Has Lucy ________ my invitation?
—Yes, she has. But she can't ________ it because she will have to look after her grandpa that day.
A. received; receive B. accepted; accept C. received; accept D. accepted; receive
5. He ____________ a present from his friend yesterday, and he_________ it gladly.
A．received; received B．accepted; accepted C．received; accepted D．accepted; received
6.用accept 和 receive 的适当形式填空
1）Please __________ this invitation to my birthday party.
2）她收到了他的礼物，但是她是不会接受的。
She has _______ his present, but she will not ________ it.

要点 3. damage
damage v.毁坏；破坏
【例句】
The bridge was badly damaged by the earthquake. 桥被地震损坏得很严重。
【辨析】damage, destroy与ruin
damage, destroy 和ruin都有“破坏”的意思。damage 通常是指部分性地损坏，暗示损坏后价值、功能等会降低；destroy 通常指彻底地毁掉或毁灭，暗示无法或很难修复；ruin 指彻底地毁坏，破坏的原因通常是自然现象、年龄、疏忽等。
Smoking will damage your health. 抽烟会损害你的健康。
The fire destroyed the building. 大火毁了这幢大楼。
The storm ruined the crops. 暴风雨毁坏了庄稼。
【拓展】
(1)表示“毁坏”意思时，damage还可用作名词，且是不可数名词。
The flood caused serious damage to the crops. 洪水对庄稼造成了严重的损害。
【典例分析】
用damage, destroy和ruin的适当形式填空
1. The bus was badly _____________ when it hit the wall.
2.The building was ______________ in the earthquake.
3.The crops are nearly _______________ by the continuous rain.
4.The fire __________the building.
5.The flood caused serious__________ to the crops.
6.Smoking will _________your health.

要点 4. frighten
frighten 是动词，意为“使惊恐；使害怕”，后面常接名词或代词。
例如：The sudden noise frightened me. 突如其来的噪音吓了我一跳。
【拓展】frighten 的形容词有两个：
(1) frightened 意为“惊吓的；害怕的”，常用来修饰表示人的名词，常用句型有：
be frightened of ...意为“ 害怕……”；
be frightened to do ... 意为“ 害怕做……”。
(2) frightening 意为“令人恐惧的；引起惊恐的”，常用来修饰表示事物的名词。
例如：I am frightened of dogs. 我怕狗。
The frightening voice was from the old house.那恐怖的声音是从那所旧房子传来的。
【典例分析】
1. I am frightened _______ speak English in class，because I am afraid _______ being laughed at.
A. to; of B. of; to C. in; of D. of; in
2.我害怕夜晚出去
I_________ _________ ___________ ___________ out at night.
= I __________ ____________ _____________ __________ out at night
3.当他听到这个令人害怕的消息，他感到很害怕。
When he heard the__________ news, he felt very___________

4. The ___ voice in the movie made the little girl ___.
A. frightening, frightened B. frightening, frightening
C. frightened, frightened D. frightened, frightening

要点 5. discover
discover v. 发现；找到；发觉
【例句】
The new star was discovered by a Chinese scientist. 这颗新星是一位中国科学家发现的。
【辨析】find，discover与invent
find侧重于指找到丢失或遗忘的东西或人；discover指发现某种情况或发现早已存在而未为人知的东西；invent则表示发明以前不存在的东西。
【典例分析】
用find, discover和invent的适当形式填空
1.Gilbert ___________ electricity and Edison ___________the electric light bulb.
2.Could you please tell us about the four great___________（发明）of China？
3. If you could ________ something new，what product would you develop？
4. He’s a real person, not __________n a dream.
5.Cai Lun ___________ the paper.
6.We’ve ________________ a solution to the problem

要点6
pleasure的用法
(1)作为不可数名词，意为“愉悦；快乐”。
Doing sports gives me great pleasure.
锻炼给我带来很多快乐。
（2）其形容词pleasant,意为“令人愉快的；宜人的等”。常作定语或表语，多用来修饰事物。
It’s always pleasant to do what we’re good at doing.
做我们自己擅长的事情总是令人愉快的。
（3）其形容词pleased,意为“高兴的；满意的”，常作表语，多用来修饰人。
常用于以下短语中：
①be pleased to do sth. “很高兴做某事”
Be pleased to do anything even though it is very tiny.
做任何事情都要很高兴，即使它是一件很小的事情。
②be pleased with sb./sth. “对某人/某事很满意”
The little boy is a good boy, his mother is pleased with him.
小男孩儿是个好孩子，他的妈妈对他很满意。


pleasure
作“高兴，快乐，玩乐”讲时，是不可数名词；表示“乐事，高兴的事”时是可数名词。
—Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮助我。
—It's a pleasure. 不客气。

pleasant
意为“令人愉快的”，是个常用且含义广泛的形容词，常作定语，也可作表语。
It is very pleasant to sit down after standing for
 hours.
站了几小时后坐下来很舒服。


pleased
表示“感到高兴的，欣喜的”，作形容词用，指以任何方式表现出来或未表现出来的满足与快乐，一般作表语，常与不定式、介词短语或从句连用，以说明原因，其主语是人。
The two friends were very pleased to see each 
other again.
这两个朋友再次见面非常高兴。

【典例分析】
1.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. —What do you think of your trip to Hainan?
—Wonderful. We were all ________with the ________trip.
A. pleased; pleasant B. pleasant; pleased
C. pleasing; pleased D. pleasant; pleasing
2.用please的适当形式填空
1). —Thank you for coming to see me.
—It’s a ____________.
2). He is very ____________ to see the progress we are making.
3). We spent a very ____________ evening.
3.我很高兴认识他。
I’m _________ __________ know him.
4.老师对我们的家庭作业感到满意
The teacher _________ _________ ___________ our homework.
5.从他人手中收到礼物是一件令人高兴的事。
__________ __________ _____________to receive a gift from others.
6.他动人的微笑取悦了我。
His nice smile ___________ me.

要点7
（1）explain　v. 解释；说明
She explained the reason to me carefully.
她认真地向我解释了原因。
Can you explain to us how to use the computer?
你能向我们解释一下怎样使用这台电脑吗？
(2)explain＋that/how/why从句，意为“(向某人)解释/说明……”。
(3)explain (to sb.)＋疑问词＋动词不定式
【典例分析】
1．(1)根据汉语意思完成句子
①请您把第三段给我们解释一下好吗？
Will you please ________ the third paragraph________ ________？
②请跟我说明从哪里开始以及该如何做。
Please ________ ________ ________ ________ to start and how to do it.
(2)用所给词的适当形式填空
Sally loves chocolate. That ________(explain) why it's hard for her to lose weight.


要点8 fear
1. 用作动词,注意以下用法：
(1) 表示“恐惧”“害怕”,其后接动词时,可用不定式或动名词(注：用不定式比用动名词常见).如：
He feared to speak in public. 他害怕在公共场合讲话.
He fears to tell [telling] her what happened. 他怕告诉她所发生的事.
(2) 表示“恐怕”“担心”,其后通常接 that 从句.如：
I fear that he will refuse us. 我担心他会拒绝我们.
在答语中 that 从句可用 so, not 代之.如：
A：Will he come? 他会来吗?
B：I fear so. /I fear not. 我想会来吧/我想不会来吧.
【注】后接否定的宾语从句时,通常不转移到主句.如：
I fear it won’t do much good. 我担心这不会有多大好处.
(3) 通常不接不定式的复合结构.如：
我担心他会失败.
误：I fear him to fail.
正：I fear that he will fail.
(4) 比较 fear sb 与 fear for sb：前者意为害怕某人,后者意为为某人担心.如：
He fears his wife. 他怕他老婆.
He fears for his wife. 他为他老婆担心.
2. 用作名词,比较 for fear of 与 in fear of：前者意为“由于怕……”“以防……”,后者意为“害怕”“担心”.如：
Shut the window for fear of catching a cold. 关闭窗户以免感冒.
We’re in fear of more snow. 我们担心会再下雪.
The thief passed the day in fear of discovery. 这个小偷整天提心掉胆担心会被发现.
3.fear的形容词形式为fearful,意为“可怕的;担心的”;其反义词为fearless,意为“大胆的;无畏的”。注意,fear后接表示否定意义的宾语从句时,否定词通常不转移到主句。例如:
I fear it won’t do much good.我担心这不会有太大好处。
【典例分析】
1.小偷害怕警察。
The thieves are _______ _______ _________ the police.
2. 不要害怕说实话。
Don’t ________ _______ _______ the truth.
=Don’t ________ _______ the truth.
3.The little girl cried out_______ _________　( 害怕 ) when the dog barked( 吠叫 ) at her
4. I am afraid that he will fail the exam.(同义改写)
=I ________ that he will fail the exam.
5.他害怕一个人晚上外出。
He ________ ______ __________going out at night alone.
=He ________ ________ _______ going out at night alone.
=He ________ ________ go out at night alone.
=He ________ going out at night alone.
要点 9. wonder
wonder v. 想知道；想弄明白
【例句】
I wonder if you can attend the meeting tonight. 我想知道你是否可以参加今晚的会议。
【拓展】
(1)wonderful adj. 精彩的
Welcome to the wonderful world of Disneyland! 欢迎来到精彩的迪士尼世界!
(2)wonderfully adv. 精彩地
Listen! How wonderfully the girls are singing! 听！女孩们唱得多么精彩啊!
(3)no wonder=It’s no wonder that 怪不得
No wonder he jumped out of the car.=It’s no wonder that he jumped out of the car. 怪不得他当时跳车了。
【典例分析】
1. I _________ if you would like to go out with us tomorrow.
A. wonder B. want C. wonders
2.Do you think his speech is very _____________ (wonder)?
3.怪不得他当时跳车了(完成句子)
_________ ___________he jumped out of the car.=It’s no wonder that he jumped out of the car.
4.长城是世界上的奇迹之一。(完成句子)
The Great Wall is _________ __________ _________ ________ in the world.

要点10 believe
believe作动词，意为“相信；认为有可能”。例如：
I don’t believe him. 我不相信他。
(1) believe用作及物动词时，后面可跟名词、代词或that/wh-从句作宾语，也可接that从句(表示将来)充当直接宾语的双宾语。例如：
I believe that man. 我相信那个人。
Everybody believed her. 大家都相信她。
He believed what his friend told him. 他相信他的朋友告诉他的话。
I believe you that he will be there. 我相信你他会在那里。
(2) believe后接从句如果表示否定，否定词往往要放在主句里。例如：
I don’t believe he can fix the bike. 我认为他修不好这辆自行车。
【拓展】
believe sb.与believe in sb.
believe与believe in都有“相信”的意思。其区别在于：believe sb.表示相信某人说的话是真的；而believe in sb.则指相信某人的人格。例如：
I can believe him, but I cannot believe in him.
我可以相信他的话是真的，但是不相信他的为人。
【典例分析】
1.I don't him. 我不相信他这个人。
2.She doesn't what I said. 她不相信我说的话。
3.—Mom, I won the first prize in the speech competition!
—Wonderful! As long as you ________ yourself and keep trying, you will succeed.
A．dress up B．believe in C．pick up D．leave out
4. I ________ what you said, but I don’t ________ you.
A．believe; believe in B．believe in; believe C．believe; believe D．believe in; believed
5. I can ________ him, but I cannot ________ him.
A. believe; believe in B. believe; believe C. believe in; believe in D. believe in; believe

要点11 as soon as possible 尽可能快
as...as possible 意为“尽可能……”，两个as 之间必须是形容词或副词的原级，
相当于as...as one can/could。
【典例分析】
1.Write it _____ possible and try not to make any mistakes.
A. as careful as B. as carefully as C. more careful D. less careful
2.We must speak English________ possible after class.
A. as many as B. as soon as C. as much as D. as more as
3.请尽快回答我的问题。
Please answer my question_________ __________ __________ __________.

要点 12. disagree
disagree v. 不同意；有分歧 agree v. 同意；赞成；应允
disagree与agree互为反义词，其用法相似，以agree为例：
agree with sb./sth.
同意某人的看法或观点，后接人或表示“意见；看法”的名词
agree to sth.
同意（计划，建议，安排等）
agree to do sth.
同意做某事
agree on sth.
就……取得一致意见
agree + that从句
赞成……；同意……

【典例分析】
1 --I think students should have mobile phones to call their parents.
--_____. They often use them to play games instead.
A．I hope so B. I don’t agree C. No problem D. Good idea
2.--Peter shouldn’t wear that earring.
--________. I like it. It looks cool.
A. I think so B. I agree C. I disagree D. I hope so
3.--I think drinking milk every morning is good for our health.
--Yes. I agree ____ you.
A. to B. with C. on D. for
4. —Would you like to go on a picnic with us this Sunday?
—I'd love to, but I have to get my parents' ________ first.
A. agreement B. surprise C. offer D. share
5.—I don't think students should use mobile phones at school.
—　　 .They really have a bad influence on our study. 
A.I agree with you B. Not at all C. No problem　 D. It's my pleasure
6.用agree with 和agree to填空
1)The food does not _____________ me.
2)He _______________the plan.
3)We ______________ leave early.
4)I _____________ what you say.

要点13 because of
because of和because是同义词，都可以表示原因，但是，because的后面用句子；because of的后面用名词、代词或者动名词短语形式。例如：
I was late this morning because I missed the first bus.
　 我今天早上迟到是因为我没能赶上第一班公共汽车。
　We couldn’t have the sports meeting last Sunday because of the rain.
　 我们上个星期天没能召开运动会是因为下雨了。
【典例分析】
1. 用because和because of填空。
(1) _he is ill, he is absent today.
(2)He is not at school his illness.
(3)He can’t come the heavy rain.
(4)We like physics we can learn a lot of ideas.
(5)The students didn’t need to go to school __________ ____ the storm.
2.He was ill, so he didn’t go to school. （同义句改写）
_____________ he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
3. He couldn’t walk because his leg was broken. （同义句改写）
He couldn’t walk ____________ ________ his _________ leg.
4. I came back because it was raining heavily. （同义句改写）
I came back ___________ ________ the ________ rain.
5. ______ I don’t have enough money, ______ I can’t afford the car.
A. /; so B. Because; so C./; and D./; because
6. He didn’t go to school yesterday ____ he was ill.
A. because B. because of C. if D. so
7. I didn’t go to the party not________ the weather, but _______I didn’t feel well.
A. because of; because B. because; because of
C. because; because D. because of; because of

知识要点二、语法

知识要点二 语法

A 原因状语从句
在句中表示原因、理由的从句叫原因状语从句。
1 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, since, as。
2 表示语气的强弱顺序是：because﹥since﹥as。
3 这些连词都不能和so连用。
4 当原因状语从句放于句首时，通常要用逗号与主句隔开。
引导词because
1 because强调明确直接的因果关系，回答“why”问题
2 because从句可与for互换，但for是并列连词，连接的是并列句，并且在for前必须有逗号隔开。如：
引导词since
1 since表示明摆着的理由或原因，常译为“既然”
2 since还可引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”
引导词as
1 as语气最弱，表示附带说明的原因
2 as还可引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”、“随着……”。如：
B because与 because of的区别
because和because of的意思都是“因为；由于”。 但because 是连词，其后接句子。because of 是复合介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词、what 从句等。
【典例分析】
一、单项选择
1.She won’t go to the cinema ______ she has already seen the film.
A. until B. if C. so D. because
2 ______ you’re tired, you’d better stay at home and have a rest.
A. Since B. Or C. Though D. Till
3. — Why didn’t you go to the party? — ______ I wasn’t invited.
A. As B. Since C. Because D. So
4. — Did you call Jack back?
— I didn’t need to ______ I’ll see him tomorrow.
A. though B. because C. unless D. when
5. ______ we have no money, we can’t buy it.
A. Until B. Unless C. As D. Although
6.______ it was raining, _______ they stayed at home.
A. Because; so B. Because; / C. Since; so D. As; so
7 They were late for the meeting ______ the heavy rain.
A. because of B. because C. since D. as
8.It rained last night, _______ the ground is wet.
A. or B. for C. but D. though
9.The baby is sleeping, _______ you’d better keep quiet.
A. but B. or C. because D. so

完成句子。
1 他因为一场事故失去了双亲。
He lost his parents __________ ________ an accident.
2 既然你已经在这儿了，何不多待两天？
____________ you are here, why not stay for two more days?
3 你生病了，最好去看看医生。
____________ you are ill, you’d better go to see a doctor.
4 我没去那里，因为我不想见到他。
I didn’t go there _________ I didn’t want to see him.
5 因为要赶去火车站，他们很早就起床了。
________________ they needed to go to the train station, they got up early. 知识要点三、书面表达



【话题分析】
本单元的话题阅读是：与外星人遭遇。要求学生用过去时描述一个故事。
【短语积累】
1. 恐惧地；害怕地 _______________
2. 因为 _______________
3. 不同意；持不同意见；有分歧 ______________
4. 向某人提及某事 _________________
5. 同意；赞成 _______________
6. 尽快 __________________
7. 高兴做某事 __________________
8. 保持安静 _______________
9. 醒来 _______________
10. 制造噪音 _______________

【句式积累】
1.有两个女孩在河边画画。

2.他告诉了我什么时候离开这儿。

3. 因为有这个职业理想，我将加倍努力学习。

4.由于这条街交通事故频发，所以你最好小心驾驶。

5.我很确定是汤姆拿走了你的语文书。

6. 恐怕在这个事情上我不同意你的意见。

7.我相信他说的话，但我不信任他这个人。

8.早上我经常听到她在公园里唱歌。

9.我永远都在减肥，因为我很容易长胖。

10.已经是早上7 :40了，我们必须尽快到达学校。


【实战演练】
话题七 关于科幻和想象
古今中外一直有关于“外星人”的假想，在各国史书中也有不少疑似“外星人”的奇异记载。浩瀚的宇宙里究竟有没有外星人？如果有，他们会长得怎么样？是不是也和地球人一样生活着？请发挥你的想象力，写一篇关于遇见外星人的梦幻经历短文。70~80词。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【写作指导】
此篇作文是开放性非命题作文，可以根据题目提示用夹叙夹议的表达形式描述一次梦境。主要内容是描写关于遇见外星人的梦幻经历。写作内容渗透着本单元的话题和语言目标——描述未知的世界。
在写作过程中要明确以下几点：
(1)本文谈论的是自己的一次经历，故要用第一人称表达。
(2)描述经历时，要使用一般过去时态。
(3)写作时要交代清楚这次经历发生的时间、地点、人物、事件、经过等，可适当发表感想。