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专题11 七选五15篇 ——2023年高中英语学业水平考试专项精讲+测试（通用版）
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这是一份专题11 七选五15篇 ——2023年高中英语学业水平考试专项精讲+测试（通用版），共29页。试卷主要包含了七选五等内容，欢迎下载使用。
必过11 阅读七选五专项15篇
一、七选五
Many students study by reading their notes and textbooks over and over again. But studies show there are more effective ways to help you study smarter.
____1____ Many students know what they are expected to do. Yet many often fail to plan ahead. So they need first to set a reachable target. Break it into pieces and make them happen one by one. It may seem strange at first. But after two weeks or more, it becomes a normal thing.
Don’t just reread. ____2____ Rereading is like looking at the answer to a puzzle, rather than doing it yourself. It looks like it makes sense. But until you try it yourself, you don’t really know if you understand it.
Find examples. Abstract concepts can be hard to understand. It tends to be far easier to form a mental image if you have a concrete example of something. ____3____ On its own, that concept might be hard to remember. But if you think about a lemon or vinegar, it becomes easier!
Dig deeper. It’s hard to remember countless facts and figures if you don’t push further. Ask why things are a certain way. How did they come about? Why do they matter? Psychologists call this elaboration(深究). It’s taking class material and asking many how and why questions about it. ____4____
Practice more. Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills. ____5____ In a study, students took practice tests over several weeks. On the final test, they scored more than a full letter grade better, on average, than did students who studied the way they normally had.
As a teen, Cynthia Nebel studied by reading her textbooks, worksheets and notebooks. “Over and over and over again,” recalls this psychologist at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tenn. Now, she adds, “we know that’s one of the most common bad study skills that students have.”
A．Make a budget and save it.
B．Make a plan and stick to it.
C．The same should go for learning.
D．However, not all can apply to students.
E．In other words, don’t just accept facts at face value.
F．Sadly, reading books and notes repeatedly is common for many students.
G．For instance, sour foods usually taste that way because they contain an acid.
If you’re interested in staying healthy as you age — and living longer — you might want to add a different set of muscles to your workout routine; your creative ones.___6___. And studies show that participating in activities such as singing, theater performance and visual artistic skill could support the well-being of older adults, and that creativity, which is related to the personality of openness, can lead to greater longevity (寿命).
Think—and travel—outside the box
“People who travel tend to be more creative,” said Darya Zabelina, a psychology professor at the University of Arkansas. Traveling encourages people to reexamine their models of reality. Some studies show that travelers have more creative success, and that people who enjoy unfamiliar experiences perform better on open-ended questions calling for many ideas. ___7___.
___8___
Generating ideas is one part of the creativity, but knowledge is required to identify the ones that will work. Even if mental speed declines, a person’s base of knowledge is well-preserved as it expands over time.
“You have more to draw on,” said Nye, who thinks her creativity improved when she reached her 60s.
Mine adversity (逆境)
___9___. New Yorker Tobi Zausner discovered her mature painting style only after a severe drug poisoning. Following a battle against cancer, she became a psychologist and wrote a book about adversity followed by creative breakthroughs, When Walls Become Doorways. ___10___. They increased their inspiration by sharpening their senses and increasing their emotional sensitivity (敏感性).
A．Apply knowledge
B．Identify creativity
C．Facing up to challenges can inspire creativity.
D．Research suggests creativity may be the key to healthy aging
E．Travelers can reach different destinations to broaden their horizons
F．Performance on these tests may predict aspects of real-world creativity
G．An example in the book is a study of artists who had experienced illnesses
Given the high price of housing, many of us are living in smaller space than we’d like. However, living in a small space is not that bad; it has some advantages.
It’s cheaper to decorate. It can take thousands of dollars worth of decoration simply to make large space look inviting. ____11____ Instead of many pieces of large, expensive furniture, you need only a few to make your style sing. You’ll have plenty of money left for other things.
It’s easier to clean. This must be one of your favorite things about living in small space. The bigger the space, the longer it takes to organize and tidy up. ____12____ That’s why small space is welcomed by those who like being surrounded by order and cleanliness and don’t want to spend a ton of time and energy in keeping them that way.
____13____ It takes a lot to pay for heating, cooling and electricity, which can also cost much energy. When you compare the electricity bill of someone living in 500 square feet with that of someone living in 3,000 square feet, the difference can be great. We use less energy and produce less waste when we live in a small space. ____14____
It’s easier to personalize. Ever have you walked into a large home that feels more like a museum than the small home of someone you know? It’s usually not the most familiar or welcoming atmosphere. ____15____ It is much easier to decorate a small home in your own style.
A．It’s more organized and comfortable.
B．No one wants to spend hours just cleaning.
C．Living in a small homes makes your life in mess.
D．It’s financially and environmentally friendly.
E．So it also does good to our beloved Mother Nature.
F．Actually, you want your home to show your personal style.
G．Small space, however, makes decorating more simple and affordable.
One of the most important skills in building a successful career is listening. While drive and confidence may get you in the door of a dream job, listening enables you to build successful partnerships that will help you climb to the top. ____16____ When colleagues feel listened to, they feel safe to communicate and enjoy working together.
So how do people become good listeners?
____17____
While we all have our own ideas, to properly listen, we must put these aside when the other person is speaking. Many people succeed because they’ve learned to listen with the purpose of understanding what the other person is trying to convey. It helps you get important information, of course, but it’s more than that: It’s also the greatest sign of respect you can give someone.
Ask question.
This shows the other person that you re paying attention and interested, which will lead to a more honest and productive conversation. Clarify things that may be unclear, reflect back what you hear and ask questions that allow the person to unpack the topic. ____18____
Be supportive.
Create a safe and comfortable workplace by showing your support. ____19____ Body language can also play a significant role in creating a supportive environment. Positive feedback (反馈) is an important part too. Gaining new information is the best way to stay on top of the game, no matter what the job is.
Be patient with yourself.
Don’t forget to be patient with yourself. ____20____ Take the time to manage your success in this field and remember that little change can go a long way.
A．Listen with the goal of comprehension.
B．Learning to listen effectively doesn’t happen overnight.
C．Here’s how to build your career by being a good listener.
D．Understand what words will truly persuade the other person.
E．Open-ended questions are the best as they don’t force a direct answer.
F．Sincere listening is transformative as it helps create a supportive workplace.
G．This can be done by showing confidence in the person and avoiding criticism.
Ways to Express Your Thanks
Expressing thanks is very important. But many people don’t know how to do that. Maybe you have difficulty in expressing yourself. How do you express your thanks?
____21____.
● Make a card
Making a card to express your thanks is a creative idea. If you are too shy, you can write down some words on the card to express your feelings. You can also draw some pictures on it. The card with pictures will be beautiful. ____22____.
● Send a gift
Sending a gift to express your thanks is a polite way. If somebody helps you, you can buy him or her a gift. ____23____. It may not be expensive, but it’s the thought that counts.
● Leave a message
____24____. Sometimes, you may forget to say “Thank you” to your roommate. You can leave a message on the door to show your thanks. Seeing the message, your roommate will be happy. In this way, the relationship between you and your roommate will become closer.
● ____25____
Writing an email is a good way to express your thanks. If you can’t say “Thank you” to your friend face to face, you can write an email. Even if your email is short, it may get your friend moved.
A．Write an email
B．Share your story
C．The gift can show your thanks
D．Leaving a message is a great way
E．Here are some useful ways for you
F．Tell your friends that you are very busy
G．The beautiful card will show your feelings
Daily Habits for Better Sleep
Good sleep starts long before bedtime. Many of the things you do during the day will affect the quality of your sleep.____26____.
Wake up at the same time every morning.
Our bodies follow a daily circadian(昼夜的) rhythm, and waking up at different times throws it out of order. It is best to keep your wake-up time consistent ____27____. The less you deviate(偏离)from your normal wake-up time,the better you’ll sleep.
Get sunlight every morning.
Exposure to sunlight serves an important purpose:It shuts down the release of melatonin(褪黑素)，a hormone that promotes sleep.____28____，it sends a signal to tell your brain to stop releasing the melatonin. Aim to get at least 15 minutes of sunlight as the first thing every morning.
Work out regularly.
The pandemic has led people to cut down on physical activity.____29____ Studies have found that daily exercise, regardless of the type or intensity,helps people fall asleep faster and stay asleep longer. According to the Sleep Foundation, people with chronic insomnia can fall asleep about 13 minutes faster and gain up to 20 extra minutes of sleep per night by starting an exercise routine.
____30____
Caffeine has a half-life of six to eight hours and a quarter-life of about 12 hours. That means that if you drink coffee at 4p.m., you’ll still have a quarter of the caffeine floating around in your brain at 4a.m. . Avoiding caffeine in the evening is a no-brainer. But ideally you should avoid caffeine after 2 p.m., so that your body has enough time to clear most of it from your system.
A．When you step outside
B．Cut off caffeine at 2p.m.
C．When sunlight hits your eye
D．Avoid caffeine in your daily life
E．Don’t sleep in,even on weekends
F．So try these sleep-promoting habits
G．But exercise is the easiest way to improve sleep
When you’re visiting another country, you may be thought impolite or rude if you don’t do as the Romans do. ____31____.
·Be careful of what you give to Chinese friends. China has a long history and colorful cultures, so you have to pay attention to the cultural traditions. When presenting your Chinese friends with flowers, avoid using white. Because they are connected with death. ____32____.
·____33____. In some cultures, it is acceptable to eat food with your hands. But in Norway it is often required that you use a spoon and fork, chopsticks, or a knife and fork when having a meal. So learn about how to use these things before you travel there. In Norway, even sandwiches are eaten using a fork and knife.
·Don’t ask for salt when dining in Egypt. In many cultures, like the United States, it’s all right to ask for salt to add to your food. But if you’re dining with friends and colleagues in Egypt, keep in mind to avoid asking for salt. ____34____.
·Lose a tooth in Greece. For many countries, children are told to keep the baby teeth under the pillow and the Tooth Fairy will give them money in exchange for their teeth. But Greek children are told to throw their teeth onto the roofs. ____35____. It also means good luck to the family.
A．They are very beautiful
B．It means health to the kids
C．Mind your table manners in Norway
D．Because it is an impolite action to the host
E．In Greece, you can share your idea with the host
F．However, white flowers mean cleanness and purity in the United States
G．Knowing some cultural traditions and customs around the world will help you
There are lots of good points of speaking more than one language. To start with, you need to set some common misunderstandings aside about language learning. ____36____.
·Language learning is difficult.
Learning a language takes time, but is not difficult. You mostly need to listen and read. Believe me; it is very simple.____37____ . Soon you will feel the happiness of understanding another language just like me.
·You have to have a gift for learning languages.
____38____ Anyone who wants to, can learn. In Sweden and Holland most people know more than one language. Foreign athletes who go around the world usually learn new languages faster than learners in the classroom.
. ____39____.
When you are learning the language, it is more important to listen. If you meet a native speaker, you will naturally spend most of your time listening before you already know the language.
·You would love to learn but you don't have the time.
How about the time you spend waiting in line, doing things around the house, or going for a walk? ____40____? Once you get started, even 10 or 15 minutes a day will soon grow to 30 minutes a day, or one hour. If you enjoy doing it, you will find the time.
A．No, you don't have to
B．I have done it many times
C．You need to speak in order to learn
D．Do you have to live where the language is spoken
E．Why not listen to a language on your mobile phone
F．Only children can learn to speak another language well
G．Avoiding these wrong opinions below can bring success
This is the season for holiday travel! As one of the busiest times of the year approaches, many of us are preparing for a vacation with our families and friends.____41____Not to mention, there's often lots of indulging (放纵) between now and New Year's and the last thing any of us wants is to pack on extra weight.____42____
1. Walk everywhere.
Instead of taking buses, try to walk whenever possible. This is one of my favorite things to do when traveling, even if I'm going somewhere familiar.____43____And you're fitting in extra exercise as a bonus. To give yourself an extra boost (促进), always take the stairs instead of the elevator. And don't get on those moving sidewalks in the airport!
2. Find a local hike.
For bonus points:____44____Do a bit of research to find a scenic spot for the whole family to enjoy. Not only will you boost your bum, but a change of scenery is also a great way to bond with your loved ones and experience something new.
3. ____45____
Plenty of people just head home for the holidays, but if you're going somewhere new and exciting this year do not overlook running routes as a fun way to see the sights. Nothing spices up (添趣) a run or brisk walk quite like a beautiful view. This is a great way to explore the area on foot while getting your body moving and breaking a sweat.
A．Start running!
B．Don't just walk, hike!
C．Sightsee while on a run.
D．It's a good time to go on a diet.
E．Though this is something to look forward to, it can also be stressful.
F．It's amazing what you can discover by walking around your hometown.
G．Here are some tips for staying fit while you're on the go this holiday season.
Most of us are aware that we must take care of the environment, and the majority of us take steps to save energy and reduce waste and pollution. But recently, some “green truths” have been shown to be only half true, or even completely false. ____46____
Eating local food is good for the environment.
It seems like common sense: eating local food should be better for the environment, because it does not need to be transported long distances and kept cold during transport. ___47___ It is the production of food, not its transport, that uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.
____48____
It depends on how long you spend in the shower and how large your bath is. If you spend more than eight minutes in a shower, you'll use as much water as in a bath—about 50 litres of water. Therefore, the key is to keep your shower time as short as possible.
Paper shopping bags are better than plastic ones.
Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals.___49___It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down, but much less time for paper. Because of this, people think paper bags are the better environmental choice.
However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water. The process also produces more greenhouse gases. ____50____ So, take a reusable bag with you when you go shopping.
Environmental awareness is now part of daily life. But it’s worth checking common ideas and opinions to see what's really green.
A．They mistake them for food.
B．Here are some common ones.
C．Unfortunately, it is not that simple.
D．It’s better to take a shower than a bath.
E．A paper bag is more environmentally friendly.
F．In fact, both kinds of bags are bad for the environment.
G．When we turn off a machine, it goes into a stand-by state.
Reading is an important part of learning English, but many students find it difficult.___51___ .
●Read for the main ideas
Read the text for the first time, and don't stop. Read to understand the main ideas___52___. You' ll be surprised that you can usually understand the main idea of the story.
●___53___ .
Context（上下文）refers to words and situations that are around a word you don't understand. Look at the example sentence:
I went to the schlumping to buy some chitla for dinner.
What's "schlumping"?-It must be a store because you bought something there. What's "chitla"?-It must be food because you are going to eat it for dinner.
●Use your own language
One of the best tips on improving reading is to think about how you read in your own language. Start by thinking about how you read different documents. How do you read the newspaper?___54___?How do you read train schedules? And so on. Taking time to think about this will help give you clues（线索）on how to read in English-even if you don't understand every single word.___55___ .
●Understand different reading skills
Here is a quick overview of the four types of reading skills used in every language:
Skimming-used to understand the main idea
Scanning-used to find a particular piece of information
Extensive reading- used for pleasure and general understanding
Intensive reading- accurate reading for detailed understanding
A．Use context
B．What are you doing
C．Put away your pencil-boxes
D．How do you read novels
E．and don't look up new words
F．Here are some tips that will help you improve reading by using skills
G．It is not always necessary to read and understand every single word in English
Maybe you are an average student. You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily so, however. Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. Here’s how:
____56____ When you plan your week. You should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. Decide on a good, regular time for studying. Of course, studying shouldn’t occupy all of your time. ____57____
Find a good place to study. Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space free of everything but study materials. No games, radios, or television.
Make good use of your time in class. ____58____ Listening carefully in class means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.
Study regularly. When you get home from class, go over your notes. Review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day, read that material. ____59____
Develop a good attitude towards tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t be over-worried.
____60____ You will probably discover many others after you have tried these.
A．There are other methods that might help you with your studying.
B．Don’t forget to set aside enough time for entertainment.
C．Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says.
D．No one can become a top student unless he or she works hard.
E．Plan your time carefully.
F．A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems.
G．This will help you understand the next class.
The Story of Music
How did music begin? Did our early ancestors first start by beating things together to create rhythm, or using their voices to sing? What types of instruments did they use? ____61____ The answers show that the history of music is, in many ways, the history of humans.
So, what is music?
This is difficult to answer, as everyone has their own idea. “Sound that conveys emotion” is what Jeremy Montagu of the University of Oxford and author of the article describes.
____62____
If we take singing, then controlling pitch(音高) is important. Scientists have studied the skulls and jaws of early apes, to see if they were able to make a sound and control pitch. Another important component of music is rhythm. Our early ancestors may have created rhythmic music by clapping their hands. ____63____
Many of these instruments are likely to have been made from soft materials like wood, and so haven't survived. What have survived are bone pipes. So, music is old, and may have been with us from when humans first evolved.
But why did it arise and why has it existed?
There are many possible functions of music. One is dancing. Another obvious reason for music is entertainment. ____64____
However, the major reason why music arises and exists may be that it brings people together. ____65____ He concludes: “It has even been suggested that music, in causing such bonding, created not only the family but society itself, bringing individuals together who might otherwise have lived alone.”
A．When did our ancestors begin making music?
B．Music can express certain emotion that you can feel.
C．This may be linked to the earliest musical instruments.
D．Our ancestors created music by beating stones or sticks by accident.
E．Has music always been important in human society, and if so, why?
F．Music can also be used for communication, often over large distances.
G．“Music leads to bonding, such as bonding between mother and child or bonding between groups,” explains Montagu.
Tying to eat heathily and get enough exercise can be difficult when your family refuse to get healthy with you. ___66___
Tell your family about your decision. ___67___ You will need their encouragement and support, even if they are not interested in joining you. Once your family see the progress you’ve made—whether you want to lose weight, increase your energy levels or get fit- they may be encouraged to join you!
___68___ It is an important part of becoming healthy. Eating healthy food in the correct proportions (比例) can help you and your family members to lose weight, increase energy, sleep better, have flawless skin and stronger hair, along with other benefits. You should try your best to persuade your family members to give up junk food.
Drink lots of water. Drinking water is a key part of a healthy diet and it makes your skin cleaner and takes weight off. ___69___ We mistake thirst for hunger, so when you feel hungry, try drinking a glass of water instead.
Exercise for half an hour per day. It is important to make exercise part of your plan to get healthy. ___70___ Exercise is always easier if you have someone else to do it with you. Even if your family aren’t ready to change their diet, they may be willing to join you for a daily run or dance class.
A．Eat a balanced diet.
B．Don’t share dishes with sick family members.
C．However, with the right attitude and some tips, you can still succeed.
D．It’s important to tell your family about your plans to live a healthy lifestyle.
E．It is strongly suggested that you drink at least 8 glasses of water per day.
F．Make sure you are getting enough sleep you should be aiming for 8 hours per night.
G．Even ten minutes of physical exercise per day can have a positive influence on the body.
Are you bored with your daily life? Here are some things you should try before you are eighteen years old, because after that it's too late!
Camp out in the garden.
If you don't have your own garden. find a friend who has one! You will need: two or three friends, sleeping bags and warm clothes. Take a lot of food and drink with you and play games until it gets dark _71_ You will need a torch (手电筒)or else you won't be able to see all your sweets, and it might get a bit frightening.
_72_
Seriously. this is so important that it could save your life. If you can't swim well, you won't be able to do water sports like waterskiing and surfing. Even taking a boat trip will be dangerous for you Make sure you do it.
Collect something.
One of the best hobbies for under- 18s is collecting things._73_The best way to collect is to have a special album to put your collection in and to write what each thing means to you. That way you won't forget.
Try at least one kind of team sport.
_74_You have to work well with other people. Other advantages of team sports are that they keep you fit, and they are great fun, Teams usually have a good social life too--- you'll go to lots of parties and make many friends.
Write your family tree.
When you are young. get to know all the older people in your family. Find out as much as you can about them when they were young_75_
A．Learn to swim.
B．Go out for fun.
C．It is an important skill to be a team player.
D．Running helps to train a person's character.
E．Draw a family tree so that you won't forget.
F．You could collect stamps or emails from friends.
G．When it gets dark, tell stories and eat all your sweets.
参考答案：
1．B 2．F 3．G 4．E 5．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了高效学习的几个方法。
1．根据下文“Many students know what they are expected to do. Yet many often fail to plan ahead. (许多学生知道别人对自己的期望，然而却不能提前谋划)”，结合空格的位置以及接下来的段落信息可知，此处为段落标题，讲述学习方法之一：制定计划。选项B. Make a plan and stick to it.(制定计划并坚持下去)总领本段，符合题意。故选B。
2．根据本段标题“Don’t just reread.(不要只是反复阅读)”可知，本段重点讲述不良阅读习惯，所以空格处应讲述学生在阅读中出现的问题；选项F. Sadly, reading books and notes repeatedly is common for many students.(可惜地是，反复读书和笔记这种现象在学生中很常见)符合题意，选项中的“reading books and notes repeatedly”与段落标题中的“reread”相呼应。故选F。
3．根据上文“It tends to be far easier to form a mental image if you have a concrete example of something.(如果你有具体的事例的话往往很容易形成一个心里意象)”可知，空格部分应是通过事例来说明“利用事例助学”的效果；选项G. For instance, sour foods usually taste that way because they contain an acid.(例如，酸的食物通常尝起来是这样的，因为它们含有一种酸)承接上文。故选G。
4．根据本段标题“Dig deeper(深挖)”以及空格前“It’s taking class material and asking many how and why questions about it.(这需要经典的材料并针对这个问题多问几个怎么做和为什么)”可知，空格处应表示看问题不能停留在表面，要深挖；选项E. In other words, don’t just accept facts at face value.(换句话说，不要只接受事实的表面价值)衔接上文并进一步重申本段主旨。故选E。
5．根据上文“Practice more. Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills.(多练习。音乐家练习乐器。运动员练习运动技巧)”可知，空格处应表示学习也一样需要多练习；选项C. The same should go for learning.(学习也一样需要练习)承接上文讲述练习对于学习的重要性。故选C。
6．D 7．F 8．A 9．C 10．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了实现健康老龄化的一个新的方式是提升创造力。文章提出了几个关于如何提升创造力方法。
6．根据前文“If you’re interested in staying healthy as you age — and living longer — you might want to add a different set of muscles to your workout routine; your creative ones.(如果你想随着年龄的增长保持健康——活得更长——你可能想在你的锻炼计划中增加一组不同的肌肉：增加的你创造力。)”可知，后文要强调的是创造力的重要性，即解释为什么增加创造力可以保持健康。D选项“Research suggests creativity may be the key to healthy aging.(研究表明，创造力可能是健康老龄化的关键。)”承接上文，指出创造力是实现老龄化健康的关键。故选D。
7．根据前文“Some studies show that travelers have more creative success, and that people who enjoy unfamiliar experiences perform better on open-ended questions calling for many ideas. (一些研究表明，旅行者更有创造性的成功，喜欢陌生经历的人在回答需要很多想法的开放式问题时表现得更好。)”可知，在一些开放性问题的测试中，一些喜欢陌生经历的人即具有创造力经验的人是表现的更好的。由此推知，后文陈述这些测试的重要意义。F选项“Performance on these tests may predict aspects of real-world creativity.( 在这些测试中的表现可以预测现实世界创造力的某些方面)”符合题意，故选F。
8．根据句子结构，设空处为段落小标题，应该是祈使句结构。故可从A和B选项来选择。根据后文“Generating ideas is one part of the creativity, but knowledge is required to identify the ones that will work. Even if mental speed declines, a person’s base of knowledge is well-preserved as it expands over time.(产生想法是创造力的一部分，但需要知识来识别那些可行的想法。即使思维速度下降，随着时间的推移，一个人的知识基础会得到很好的保存)”可知，虽然思维能力会下降，如果坚持应用所学的知识，那么知识基础会得到很好的保护。故A选项“Apply knowledge(应用知识)”符合本段主旨，且适合作为小标题。故选A。
9．根据后文的“New Yorker Tobi Zausner discovered her mature painting style only after a severe drug poisoning. (纽约人Tobi Zausner在一次严重的药物中毒后发现了自己成熟的绘画风格。)”可知，逆境是可以帮助人塑造和激发创造力的。C选项“Facing up to challenges can inspire creativity.(面对挑战可以激发创造力。)”符合语境。故选C。
10．根据前文“Following a battle against cancer, she became a psychologist and wrote a book about adversity followed by creative breakthroughs, When Walls Become Doorways.(在与癌症抗争后，她成为了一名心理学家，并写了一本关于逆境和创造性突破的书——《当墙变成门》。)”推知，下文应该阐述该书中的内容。G选项“An example in the book is a study of artists who had experienced illnesses(书中的一个例子是对经历过疾病的艺术家的研究。)”承接前文，the book指上文的When Walls Become Doorways这本书。故选G。
11．G 12．B 13．D 14．E 15．F
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了居住在小房子里的优点。
11．根据上文“It’s cheaper to decorate. It can take thousands of dollars worth of decoration simply to make large space look inviting. (装修更便宜。花费数千美元的装修费用只是为了能让大空间看起来很吸引人。)”可知，上文告诉我们大空间的装修费用很高，G项意为“然而，小空间使装修更简单、更负担得起。”选项与上文形成对照，大空间的装修费用很高，小空间使装修更简单、更负担得起，且呼应段落主旨，小空间装修更便宜。故选G。
12．根据下文“That’s why small space is welcomed by those who like being surrounded by order and cleanliness and don’t want to spend a ton of time and energy in keeping them that way. (这就是为什么小空间受到那些喜欢被秩序和清洁包围的人的欢迎，他们不想花费大量的时间和精力来保持这种状态。)”可知，下文告诉我们小空间受到那些喜欢保持房子清洁和有条理的人的欢迎，B项意为“没有人愿意花几个小时打扫卫生。”选项与下文构成因果关系，没有人愿意花几个小时打扫卫生，这就是为什么小空间受到那些喜欢被秩序和清洁包围的人的欢迎。故选B。
13．根据下文“It takes a lot to pay for heating, cooling and electricity, which can also cost much energy. (取暖、制冷和用电需要很多钱，这也会耗费很多能源。)”和“We use less energy and produce less waste when we live in a small space. (当我们住在一个小空间里时，我们使用更少的能源，产生更少的废物。)”可知，本段主要告诉我们取暖、制冷和用电需要很多钱，也会耗费很多能源，住在一个小空间里可以节省钱，并且更环保，D项意为“它在经济上和环境上都是友好的。”选项能够概括段落主旨，下文内容解释了为什么小空间在经济上和环境上都是友好的。故选D。
14．根据上文“We use less energy and produce less waste when we live in a small space. (当我们住在一个小空间里时，我们使用更少的能源，产生更少的废物。)”可知，上文内容告诉我们当我们住在一个小空间里时，可以节约能源，产生更少的废物，E项意为“因此，它对我们深爱的大自然也有好处。”选项能够承接上文，正是因为住在小空间里可以节约能源，产生更少的废物，所以它对我们深爱的大自然也有好处。故选E。
15．根据段落主旨句“It’s easier to personalize. (更容易个性化。)”和下文“It is much easier to decorate a small home in your own style. (用你自己的风格装饰一个小房子要容易得多。)”可知，本段内容主要告诉我们小房子的装饰更容易个性化，F项意为“实际上，你想让你的家展示你的个人风格。”选项符合段落主旨，且能引起下文，你想让你的家展示你的个人风格，用你自己的风格装饰一个小房子要容易得多。故选F。
16．F 17．A 18．E 19．G 20．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要就如何成为好的倾听者提出几点建议。
16．上文“While drive and confidence may get you in the door of a dream job, listening enables you to build successful partnerships that will help you climb to the top.(尽管动力和自信可能会让你进入理想的工作之门，但倾听可以让你建立成功的伙伴关系，帮助你登上顶峰。)”指出倾听很重要，可以让你建立成功的伙伴关系，帮助你登上顶峰，下文“When colleagues feel listened to, they feel safe to communicate and enjoy working together.(当同事们感到被倾听时，他们就会感到交流是安全的，并且喜欢一起工作。)”具体指出倾听对你工作的好处，由此可推知，空处应该承上启下，指出倾听有助于创造一个支持性的工作环境。F项“Sincere listening is transformative as it helps create a supportive workplace.(真诚的倾听有助于创造一个支持性的工作环境。)”符合，故选F。
17．分析文章结构可知，空处是本段小标题，是关于如何成为好的倾听者的一条建议，根据下文“While we all have our own ideas, to properly listen, we must put these aside when the other person is speaking. Many people succeed because they’ve learned to listen with the purpose of understanding what the other person is trying to convey. It helps you get important information, of course, but it’s more than that: It’s also the greatest sign of respect you can give someone.(当我们都有自己的想法时，为了正确地倾听，我们必须在别人说话的时候把这些想法放在一边。许多人之所以成功，是因为他们学会了倾听，目的是理解对方想要传达的信息。当然，它能帮助你获得重要信息，但不仅如此：它也是你能给予某人最大的尊重的标志。)”可知，本段主要讲了学会倾听，目的是要理解别人，A项“Listen with the goal of comprehension.(带着理解的目的去听。)”符合，概括了本段内容，故选A。
18．上文“Clarify things that may be unclear, reflect back what you hear and ask questions that allow the person to unpack the topic.(澄清那些可能不清楚的事情，反映你所听到的，并提出问题，让对方能够解释这个话题。)”指出要对不清楚的事情问问题，让对方解释这个话题，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，指出我们如何问问题，E项“Open-ended questions are the best as they don’t force a direct answer.(开放式问题是最好的，因为它们不强求直接的答案。)”符合，故选E。
19．上文“Create a safe and comfortable workplace by showing your support.(通过表示支持来创造一个安全舒适的工作环境。)”指出要通过支持别人来创造一个舒适的工作环境，空处应指出具体如何支持别人，G项“This can be done by showing confidence in the person and avoiding criticism.(这可以通过展示对人的信心和避免批评来实现。)”符合，故选G。
20．上文“Don’t forget to be patient with yourself. (别忘了对自己要有耐心。)”指出学会倾听需要你对自己有耐心，下文“Take the time to manage your success in this field and remember that little change can go a long way.(花点时间使你在这个领域努力取得成功，并且记住，小小的改变可以走很长的路。)”指出学会倾听别人是要花时间的，由此可知，空处应承上启下，B项“Learning to listen effectively doesn’t happen overnight.(学会有效地倾听不是一朝一夕的事。)”符合，既解释了为什么要对自己有耐心，同时顺承下文，要对自己有耐心，因为学会倾听不是一朝一夕的事，而是需要时间和付出的，故选B。
21．E 22．G 23．C 24．D 25．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是表达感谢的几种方式。
21．空格前说“How do you express your thanks?(你如何表达你的感谢？)”，由空格后的黑体的小标题可知，下方要讲表达感谢的方法，因此空格处会引出这些方法，E选项“Here are some useful ways for you(这里有一些对你有用的方法)”引出了下文的方法，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
22．空格前说“The card with pictures will be beautiful.(有图片的卡片会很漂亮。)”，空格处应说到这种漂亮的卡片能有什么作用，G选项“The beautiful card will show your feelings(漂亮的卡片会显示你的感情)”说明了漂亮的卡片的作用，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
23．空格前说“If somebody helps you, you can buy him or her a gift.(如果有人帮助你，你可以给他或她买一份礼物。)”，空格处应说这种礼物能起到什么作用，C选项“The gift can show your thanks(这个礼物可以表达你的感谢)”说明了礼物的作用，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
24．本段小标题是“Leave a message(留言)”，空格处应提到和“留言”有关的内容，D选项“Leaving a message is a great way(留言是一种很好的方式)”对留言这种方式作出评价，因此D选项承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
25．空格处是本段小标题，由空格下方的“Writing an email is a good way to express your thanks.(写电子邮件是表达感谢的好方法。)”可知，本段主要讲的是写电子邮件这种方式，A选项“Write an email(写一封电子邮件)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为小标题，故选A。
26．F 27．E 28．C 29．G 30．B
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种有助于睡眠的活动：每天早上在同一时间醒来；每天早上晒晒太阳；定期锻炼；下午2点停止摄入咖啡因。
26．上文“Many of the things you do during the day will affect the quality of your sleep(你白天做的很多事情都会影响你的睡眠质量)”结合下文提到的四个活动可知，空处句子应起到承上启下的作用。F项“So try these sleep-promoting habits (所以试试这些促进睡眠的习惯吧)”符合语境。故选F项。
27．本段中心句为“Wake up at the same time every morning.(每天早上在同一时间醒来)”，根据上文“It is best to keep your wake-up time consistent (最好保持起床时间一致)”可知，无论哪天都要保持起床时间一致，包括周末；E项“Don't sleep in,even on weekends(不要睡懒觉，即使是在周末)”符合语境。故选E项。
28．本段中心句为“Get sunlight every morning.(每天早上晒晒太阳)”，根据上文“Exposure to sunlight serves an important purpose：It shuts down the release of melatonin(褪黑素)，a hormone that promotes sleep (暴露在阳光下有一个重要的意义：它关闭释放褪黑素的释放，它是一种促进睡眠的激素)”，和下文“it sends a signal to tell your brain to stop releasing the melatonin.(它会发出一个信号，告诉你的大脑停止释放褪黑激素)”可知，空处内容与阳光对我们的影响有关。C项“When sunlight hits your eye (当阳光照射你的眼睛)”复合语境，sunlight是关键词。故选C项。
29．根据本段中心句“Work out regularly(定期锻炼)”可知，本段话题为“锻炼”。下文“Studies have found that daily exercise, regardless of the type or intensity，helps people fall asleep faster and stay asleep longer. (研究发现，无论运动的类型或强度如何，每天的运动都能帮助人们更快地入睡，保持更长时间的睡眠)”推知，下文陈述锻炼的好处。G项“But exercise is the easiest way to improve sleep（但是锻炼是改善睡眠最简单的方法)”符合语境。故选G项。
30．此处考查段落中心句。根据本段最后一句“But ideally you should avoid caffeine after 2 p.m., so that your body has enough time to clear most of it from your system.(但理想情况下，你应该在下午2点后避免咖啡因，这样你的身体就有足够的时间将大部分咖啡因从你的系统中清除)”可知，本段建议下午2点后避免咖啡因，B项“Cut off caffeine at 2p.m.(下午2点停止摄入咖啡因)”符合题意。故选B项。
【点睛】
31．G 32．F 33．C 34．D 35．B
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个国家的重要文化习俗。
31．空前“When you’re visiting another country, you may be thought impolite or rude if you don’t do as the Romans do.(当你在另一个国家访问时，如果你不像当地人那样行事，你可能会被认为不礼貌或粗鲁)”引出本文主题与各地的文化习俗有关，下文描写了几个国家的重要文化习俗；G选项“Knowing some cultural traditions and customs around the world will help you(了解世界各地的文化传统和习俗会对你有帮助)”承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。
32．空前“When presenting your Chinese friends with flowers, avoid using white. Because they are connected with death.(当送花给你的中国朋友时，避免使用白色。因为它们与死亡有关)”描述到中国人家中做客送花时，应该避免送白花的原因；F选项“However, white flowers mean cleanness and purity in the United States(然而，白花在美国意味着干净和纯洁 )”进行转折，介绍白花在美国所代表的含义，符合语境。故选F项。
33．空后“But in Norway it is often required that you use a spoon and fork, chopsticks, or a knife and fork when having a meal.(但在挪威，吃饭时通常要求你使用勺子和叉子、筷子或刀叉)”及“In Norway, even sandwiches are eaten using a fork and knife.(在挪威，吃三明治也要用刀叉)”可知，空处应总起说明在挪威应该注意餐桌礼仪；C选项“Mind your table manners in Norway(在挪威要注意餐桌礼仪)”引起下文，符合语境。故选C项。
34．由本段首句“Don’t ask for salt when dining in Egypt.(在埃及吃饭时不要要盐)”及空前“But if you’re dining with friends and colleagues in Egypt, keep in mind to avoid asking for salt.(但如果你在埃及和朋友或同事吃饭，记住不要要盐)”可知，本段描写在埃及吃饭时不能要盐；D选项“Because it is an impolite action to the host(因为这是对主人不礼貌的行为)”说明其原因，符合语境。故选D项。
35．空前“But Greek children are told to throw their teeth onto the roofs.(但是希腊的孩子们被告知要把牙齿扔到屋顶上)”描写希腊孩子如何处理掉落的牙齿，空后“It also means good luck to the family.(它也意味着给家庭带来好运)”为其原因的第二个方面；B选项“It means health to the kids(这对孩子们来说意味着健康)”为这样做对于孩子的好处，是原因的第一个方面，符合语境。故选B项。
36．G 37．B 38．A 39．C 40．E
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍有关语言学习的错误观点，避免这些错误观点，就能带来语言学习的成功。
36．上文“There are lots of good points of speaking more than one language. To start with, you need to set some common misunderstandings aside about language learning.(说一种以上的语言有很多好处。首先，你需要把一些关于语言学习的常见误解放在一边)”指出要认识到对语言学习的误解，并且避免这些错误观点。G项“Avoiding these wrong opinions below can bring success(避免以下错误观点，就能带来成功)”中的“wrong opinions”与上文的“some common misunderstandings”一致，指出避免关于语言学习的错误观点，故选G项。
37．上文“Learning a language takes time, but is not difficult. You mostly need to listen and read. Believe me; it is very simple.(学习一门语言需要时间，但并不困难。你主要需要听和读。相信我，这很简单)”说明作者根据经验告诉大家：学习语言并不难。B项“I have done it many times(我已经做过很多次了)”与上文“Believe me”照应，说明作者亲身实践过，故选B项。
38．上文“You have to have a gift for learning languages.(你必须有学习语言的天赋)”是作者列举的第二条语言学习的误区。下文“Anyone who wants to, can learn.(任何人，只要想学，就能学)”说明谁都能学语言，是对文章第二个标题的否定。A项“No, you don't have to(不，你不必)”承上启下，故选A项。
39．下文“When you are learning the language, it is more important to listen. If you meet a native speaker, you will naturally spend most of your time listening before you already know the language.(当你学习语言时，“听”更重要。如果你遇到一个母语人士，在你已经知道语言之前，你自然会把大部分时间花在“听”上)”说明语言学习中“听”的重要性。C项“You need to speak in order to learn(为了学习，你需要“说”)”是语言学习的另一个误区，认为“说”更重要。下文是对C项的否定，并具体说明“听”更重要。故选C项。
40．上文“How about the time you spend waiting in line, doing things around the house, or going for a walk?(你花在排队等候，做家务或散步的时间呢？)”说明人们在生活中浪费了许多时间。人们可以利用被浪费掉的时间学习语言。下文“Once you get started, even 10 or 15 minutes a day will soon grow to 30 minutes a day, or one hour. If you enjoy doing it, you will find the time.(一旦你开始，即使每天10或15分钟，很快就会增长到每天30分钟，或一小时。如果你喜欢这样做，你就会找到时间)”说明只要开始做，慢慢坚持就会养成习惯。E项“Why not listen to a language on your mobile phone(为什么不用手机听呢？)”是作者给出的关于合理利用时间建议，通过用手机听来学习语言。E项承上启下，故选E项。
41．E 42．G 43．F 44．B 45．C
【分析】这是一篇应用文。为如何在忙碌的假期保持健康提供几点建议。
41．后一句“Not to mention, there's often lots of indulging (放纵) between now and New Year's and the last thing any of us wants is to pack on extra weight.(更不用说，从现在到新年这段时间里，时常会放纵享受，我们最不想做的就是增加体重)”中的“to pack on extra weight”，是对E项“Though this is something to look forward to, it can also be stressful.(虽然这是一件值得期待的事情，但它也可能会带来压力)”中的“be stressful”的一种解释说明。故选E。
42．G项“Here are some tips for staying fit while you're on the go this holiday season.(以下是一些在假期忙碌时保持健康的小贴士)”中的“staying fit”承接上一句中“Not to mention, there's often lots of indulging (放纵) between now and New Year's and the last thing any of us wants is to pack on extra weight.(更不用说，从现在到新年这段时间里，时常会放纵享受，我们最不想做的就是增加体重)”中的“to pack on extra weight”，“some tips”引出下文所列的三点建议，G项在本处承上启下。故选G。
43．F项“It's amazing what you can discover by walking around your hometown.(绕着家乡走一圈，你能发现的东西会让你觉得惊喜)”中的“your hometown”与前一句“This is one of my favorite things to do when traveling, even if I'm going somewhere familiar.(这是我旅行时最喜欢做的事情之一，即使我要去的是熟悉的地方)”中的“somewhere familiar”呼应。故选F。
44．B项“Don't just walk, hike!(不要只是走路，要远足！)”中的“hike”与本段的小标题“Find a local hike”呼应。故选B。
45．C项“Sightsee while on a run.(边跑步边欣赏)”与本段第一句“Plenty of people just head home for the holidays, but if you're going somewhere new and exciting this year do not overlook running routes as a fun way to see the sights.(很多人只是回家度假，但如果你今年要去一个新的、令人兴奋的地方，千万不要忽视跑步的路线，这是一种观赏风景的有趣方式)”中“running routes as a fun way to see the sights”所表达的意义相同，且在句式上也适合作为段落小标题。故选C。
【点睛】
46．B 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．F
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们在保护环境过程中的一些常见的错误。
46．根据前句“But recently, some “green truths” have been shown to be only half true, or even completely false.(但最近，一些“绿色真理”被证明只对了一半，甚至是完全错误的)”和下文可知，下文具体介绍一些常见错误的“绿色真理”。所以选择项B“Here are some common ones.(这里有一些常见的错误绿色真理)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
47．根据前句“It seems like common sense: eating local food should be better for the environment, because it does not need to be transported long distances and kept cold during transport. (这似乎是常识：吃当地的食物应该对环境更好，因为它们不需要长途运输，也不需要在运输过程中保持低温)”和后句“It is the production of food, not its transport, that uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.(消耗大部分能源和产生大部分温室气体的是粮食生产，而不是粮食运输)”可知，上文讲“吃当地食物对环境有好处”是一种常见的错误真理，下文作者解释了原因，表明其中道理，上下文表转折，说明事实并非那么简单。所以选择项C“Unfortunately, it is not that simple. (不幸的是，事情并没有那么简单)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
48．根据下文“It depends on how long you spend in the shower and how large your bath is. If you spend more than eight minutes in a shower, you'll use as much water as in a bath—about 50 litres of water. Therefore, the key is to keep your shower time as short as possible. (这取决于你花多长时间洗澡和你的浴缸有多大。如果你花在淋浴上的时间超过8分钟，你就会用掉和泡澡一样多的水——大约50升水。因此，关键是让你的淋浴时间尽可能短)”可知，淋浴比泡澡更节约水的观点是错误的。所以选择项D“It’s better to take a shower than a bath. (洗淋浴比泡澡好)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
49．根据前句“Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals. (塑料袋会造成垃圾，对野生动物是一种威胁)”可知，后文应继续陈述塑料袋的缺点，比如它具体如何威胁到野生动物的。所以选择项A“They mistake them for food. (它们误以为塑料袋是食物)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
50．根据前文“However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water. The process also produces more greenhouse gases. (然而，制作一个纸袋所消耗的能量是制作塑料袋的四倍，水的用量是制作塑料袋的三倍。这个过程也会产生更多的温室气体)”可知，事实上塑料袋和纸袋都污染环境。所以选择项F“In fact, both kinds of bags are bad for the environment. (事实上，这两种袋子都对环境有害)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
51．F 52．E 53．A 54．D 55．G
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了几种提高英文阅读能力的技巧。
【详解】1.根据空前句子“Reading is an important part of learning English, but many students find it difficult.（阅读是学习英语的一个重要部分，但许多学生发现它很难）”并观察下文给出的方法可知，F选项“Here are some tips that will help you improve reading by using skills（这里有一些贴士，可以帮助你使用技巧提高阅读能力）”为下文方法的总起，承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。
2.根据空前一句“Read the text for the first time, and don't stop. Read to understand the main ideas（第一次读课文，不要停下来，通过阅读理解大意）”和下文“You' ll be surprised that you can usually understand the main idea of the story.（你会惊讶于你通常能理解故事的主要意思）”可知，E选项“and don't look up new words（不要查字典）”符合语境，即我们会惊讶于即使有些单词不认识，也可以读懂大意，且呼应上文don't stop。故选E项。
3.根据下一句“Context refers to words and situations that are around a word you don't understand.（语境指的是围绕在你不理解的单词周围的单词和情景）”可知，此处给出的技巧是联系语境，A选项“Use context.（使用语境） ”作为本处小标题，符合语境。故选A项。
4.空处为问句，根据前一句“How do you read the newspaper?（你如何阅读报纸）”及后一句“How do you read train schedules?（你如何读火车时刻表）”可知，D选项“How do you read novels（你如何阅读小说）”与前后句式一致，询问如何阅读不同内容，符合语境。故选D项。
5.根据空前“even if you don't understand every single word（即使你不是每个单词都能理解）”可知，G选项“It is not always necessary to read and understand every single word in English（阅读和理解英语中的每一个单词并不总是必要的） ”符合此处语境，且“every single word”相互对应。故选G项。
56．E 57．B 58．C 59．G 60．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，很多成绩普通的学生经过努力都可以成为优秀生，作者在文章里介绍了一些提高成绩的建议。
【详解】1.空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“When you plan your week. You should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time.”（当你计划一周的时候。你应该把你要做的事情列个清单。列完这个单子后，你应该把你的时间安排好）可知，我们要给自己的时间安排好。所以空白处的内容应该为要对自己的时间有计划的安排。选项E.Plan your time carefully.（仔细计划你的时间）符合题意，故选E。
2.根据空前句子“When you plan your week. You should ...studying shouldn’t occupy all of your time. ”(当你计划一周的时候。你应该把你要做的事情列个清单。列完这个单子后，你应该把你的时间安排好。决定一个好的，有规律的学习时间。当然，学习不应该占用你所有的时间) 可知，本段主要讲述时间安排，我们要安排有规律的学习时间，但是学习不应该占用你所有的时间。所以空白处应讲述我们应给学习之外的事情也留有时间。选项B.Don’t forget to set aside enough time for entertainment(别忘了留出足够的时间娱乐)就是对上文安排时间的补充说明。符合题意，故选B。
3.根据空前句子“Make good use of your time in class.”(利用好课堂时间)和空后句子“Listening carefully in class means less work later”(课上认真听课意味着稍后节省劳动量 )可知上课时，要认真听老师所讲的内容，这样才能在课后更加轻松。选项C.Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says.(利用课堂时间，认真听老师所讲的一切)承接了上文的“Make good use of your time in class”同时也引出下文“课后会更加轻松”。故选C。
4.根据空前句子“When you get home from school, go over your notes, preview the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day, and read that material.”(放学回家后，复习笔记，预习第二天老师要讲的要点，同时阅读这些材料)可知，放学后我们要做好温习和预习工作，所以此处应该承接上文，阐述这样做的意义是什么。选项G. This will help you understand the next class.(这将帮助你理解下一节课)承接上文，并且选项中this就是指代上文“放学回家后的预习和复习”。故选G。
5.根据空后句子“You will probably discover many others after you have tried these.”(在你试了这些方法后，你将可能发现许多其他的方法)可知除了上文所提及的方法外，你还可以用其他的方法。所以空白处应总说还有其他的一些方法。选项A.There are other methods that might help you with your studying(还有其他方法可以帮助你学习)引出下文，此外选项中的other methods与下文的others进行呼应。故选A。
61．E 62．A 63．C 64．F 65．G
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。音乐史在许多方面就是人类历史，音乐在人类社会中一直都扮演着重要的角色。为什么会有音乐的存在?音乐又是什么时候产生的呢?本文对此作了简要介绍。
61．下句“The answers show that the history of music is, in many ways, the history of humans.”（答案表明，音乐的历史在许多方面就是人类的历史），因此空格处应该提出一个问题，E项Has music always been important in human society, and if so, why?（音乐在人类社会中一直很重要吗?如果是，为什么?）问到音乐在人类社会中是否一直都很重要及其重要的原因，恰能引起下文，符合语境。故选E。
62．根据该空下一段的“If we take singing, then controlling pitch(音高) is important. Scientists have studied the skulls and jaws of early apes, to see if they were able to make a sound and control pitch”（以唱歌为例，控制音高是很重要的。科学家们研究了早期猿类的头骨和下颚，看它们是否能够发声和控制音调）可知，科学家们研究了什么时候开始有音乐。而选项中只有A项When did our ancestors begin making music?（我们的祖先是什么时候开始演奏音乐的?）与什么时候开始创作音乐有关，故选A项为本段小标题。故选A。
63．上一句“Our early ancestors may have created rhythmic music by clapping their hands”（我们早期的祖先可能通过拍手创造了有节奏的音乐）提到我们的早期祖先可能通过拍手来创作有节奏的音乐。C项点明这可能和最早的乐器有关联，符合语境。同时C项中的instruments照应下文中的these instruments，因此C选项切合题意，故选C。
64．根据本段前的小标题“But why did it arise and why has it existed?”（但它为什么会产生，又为什么会存在?）可知，本段主要讲的是音乐产生和存在的原因。F项Music can also be used for communication, often over large distances（音乐还可以用于远距离交流）点明音乐也可以用于交流，通常是远距离的交流，这正是音乐存在的原因之一，故选F。
65．上一句“However, the major reason why music arises and exists may be that it brings people together”（然而，音乐产生和存在的主要原因可能是它把人们联系在一起）提到音乐产生和存在的主要原因可能是它能使人们团结起来。G项点明音乐会促进人与人之间的关系，比如母亲和孩子之间的关系，或者是群体之间的联系，符合本段语境。G项中的bonding和上一句中的brings people together为同义表达，下一句中的代词He指代的是G项中的 Montagu，因此G选项切合题意，故选G。
66．C 67．D 68．A 69．E 70．G
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何和家人一同保持健康。
66．根据前句“Tying to eat heathily and get enough exercise can be difficult when your family refuse to get healthy with you.(当你的家人拒绝和你一起保持健康的时候，努力吃得健康，做足够的运动是很困难的。)”以及下文列出如何做到健康饮食，可知这里提出一些健康饮食的建议。分析选项可知C项“However, with the right attitude and some tips, you can still succeed. (然而，只要有正确的态度和一些建议，你仍然可以成功。) ”符合题意。故选C项。
67．根据首句“Tell your family about your decision.(把你的决定告诉你的家人。)”可知，告诉家人你的决定就是要健康饮食，才会让你的家人支持你。分析选项可知D项“It’s important to tell your family about your plans to live a healthy lifestyle. (告诉你的家人要过健康的生活方式是很重要的。)”符合题意。故选D项
68．根据后文“Eating healthy food in the correct proportions (比例) can help you and your family members to lose weight, increase energy, sleep better, have flawless skin and stronger hair, along with other benefits.(吃正确比例的健康食物可以帮助你和你的家人减肥，增加精力，睡得更好，拥有完美的皮肤和强壮的头发，以及其他好处。)”可知，吃健康的食物就是正确的食物比例，有许多的好处。而正确的比例即是均衡的饮食。分析选项可知A 项“Eat a balanced diet. (均衡饮食。)”符合题意。为本段的标题。故选A项。
69．根据前句“Drinking water is a key part of a healthy diet and it makes your skin cleaner and takes weight off.(喝水是健康饮食的关键部分，它能清洁你的皮肤，还能减肥。)”可知，这里讲喝水的好处，所以建议我们多喝水。分析选项可知E 项“It is strongly suggested that you drink at least 8 glasses of water per day. (强烈建议你每天至少喝8杯水。)”符合题意。故选E项。
70．根据前句“Exercise for half an hour per day. It is important to make exercise part of your plan to get healthy.(每天锻炼半小时。让锻炼成为你健康计划的一部分是很重要的。)”可知，锻炼对身体有益。分析选项可知G项“Even ten minutes of physical exercise per day can have a positive influence on the body. (即使每天十分钟的体育锻炼也能对身体产生积极的影响。)”符合题意。故选G项。
71．G 72．A 73．F 74．C 75．E
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述18岁之前孩子们可以尝试的有趣的事情：在花园露营，学游泳，收集东西和团队运动。
71．根据上文“Take a lot of food and drink with you and play games until it gets dark ”带上很多食物和饮料，玩游戏直到天黑，此处承接上文，讲的是天黑后的活动，G选项中的gets dark与上文的gets dark相一致，故选G。
72．根据本段“Seriously. this is so important that it could save your life. If you can't swim well, you won't be able to do water sports like waterskiing and surfing. Even taking a boat trip will be dangerous for you Make sure you do it.” 认真对待。这很重要，可以救你一命。如果你不会游泳，你就不能做像滑水和冲浪这样的水上运动。即使乘船旅行对你来说也是危险的，一定要去做，由此可知本段主要为什么要学习游泳，因此A选项Learn to swim.学会游泳，概括本段内容，故选A。
73．根据上文One of the best hobbies for under- 18s is collecting things. 18岁以下的孩子最好的爱好之一就是收集东西以及本段标题Collect something.可知主要讲的是收集东西，由此推断下文应该具体介绍收集那些东西或者怎样收集。F选项You could collect stamps or emails from friends.你可以从朋友那里收集邮票或电子邮件，符合本段题意，故选F。
74．根据本段标题Try at least one kind of team sport. 至少尝试一种团队运动以及下文“You have to work well with other people. ”可知，你必须和别人好好合作，因此此处强调团队合作的重要性，C选项中的it指的是团队运动，因此C选项It is an important skill to be a team player. 团队合作是一项重要的技能，作为本段第一句，总领全段，故选C。
75．本段的标题是Write your family tree. 写下你的家谱及本段内容也是怎样记住家谱，故E选项Draw a family tree so that you won't forget.画一张家谱，以免忘记，符合本段主题，故选E。
必过11 阅读七选五专项15篇
一、七选五
Many students study by reading their notes and textbooks over and over again. But studies show there are more effective ways to help you study smarter.
____1____ Many students know what they are expected to do. Yet many often fail to plan ahead. So they need first to set a reachable target. Break it into pieces and make them happen one by one. It may seem strange at first. But after two weeks or more, it becomes a normal thing.
Don’t just reread. ____2____ Rereading is like looking at the answer to a puzzle, rather than doing it yourself. It looks like it makes sense. But until you try it yourself, you don’t really know if you understand it.
Find examples. Abstract concepts can be hard to understand. It tends to be far easier to form a mental image if you have a concrete example of something. ____3____ On its own, that concept might be hard to remember. But if you think about a lemon or vinegar, it becomes easier!
Dig deeper. It’s hard to remember countless facts and figures if you don’t push further. Ask why things are a certain way. How did they come about? Why do they matter? Psychologists call this elaboration(深究). It’s taking class material and asking many how and why questions about it. ____4____
Practice more. Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills. ____5____ In a study, students took practice tests over several weeks. On the final test, they scored more than a full letter grade better, on average, than did students who studied the way they normally had.
As a teen, Cynthia Nebel studied by reading her textbooks, worksheets and notebooks. “Over and over and over again,” recalls this psychologist at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tenn. Now, she adds, “we know that’s one of the most common bad study skills that students have.”
A．Make a budget and save it.
B．Make a plan and stick to it.
C．The same should go for learning.
D．However, not all can apply to students.
E．In other words, don’t just accept facts at face value.
F．Sadly, reading books and notes repeatedly is common for many students.
G．For instance, sour foods usually taste that way because they contain an acid.
If you’re interested in staying healthy as you age — and living longer — you might want to add a different set of muscles to your workout routine; your creative ones.___6___. And studies show that participating in activities such as singing, theater performance and visual artistic skill could support the well-being of older adults, and that creativity, which is related to the personality of openness, can lead to greater longevity (寿命).
Think—and travel—outside the box
“People who travel tend to be more creative,” said Darya Zabelina, a psychology professor at the University of Arkansas. Traveling encourages people to reexamine their models of reality. Some studies show that travelers have more creative success, and that people who enjoy unfamiliar experiences perform better on open-ended questions calling for many ideas. ___7___.
___8___
Generating ideas is one part of the creativity, but knowledge is required to identify the ones that will work. Even if mental speed declines, a person’s base of knowledge is well-preserved as it expands over time.
“You have more to draw on,” said Nye, who thinks her creativity improved when she reached her 60s.
Mine adversity (逆境)
___9___. New Yorker Tobi Zausner discovered her mature painting style only after a severe drug poisoning. Following a battle against cancer, she became a psychologist and wrote a book about adversity followed by creative breakthroughs, When Walls Become Doorways. ___10___. They increased their inspiration by sharpening their senses and increasing their emotional sensitivity (敏感性).
A．Apply knowledge
B．Identify creativity
C．Facing up to challenges can inspire creativity.
D．Research suggests creativity may be the key to healthy aging
E．Travelers can reach different destinations to broaden their horizons
F．Performance on these tests may predict aspects of real-world creativity
G．An example in the book is a study of artists who had experienced illnesses
Given the high price of housing, many of us are living in smaller space than we’d like. However, living in a small space is not that bad; it has some advantages.
It’s cheaper to decorate. It can take thousands of dollars worth of decoration simply to make large space look inviting. ____11____ Instead of many pieces of large, expensive furniture, you need only a few to make your style sing. You’ll have plenty of money left for other things.
It’s easier to clean. This must be one of your favorite things about living in small space. The bigger the space, the longer it takes to organize and tidy up. ____12____ That’s why small space is welcomed by those who like being surrounded by order and cleanliness and don’t want to spend a ton of time and energy in keeping them that way.
____13____ It takes a lot to pay for heating, cooling and electricity, which can also cost much energy. When you compare the electricity bill of someone living in 500 square feet with that of someone living in 3,000 square feet, the difference can be great. We use less energy and produce less waste when we live in a small space. ____14____
It’s easier to personalize. Ever have you walked into a large home that feels more like a museum than the small home of someone you know? It’s usually not the most familiar or welcoming atmosphere. ____15____ It is much easier to decorate a small home in your own style.
A．It’s more organized and comfortable.
B．No one wants to spend hours just cleaning.
C．Living in a small homes makes your life in mess.
D．It’s financially and environmentally friendly.
E．So it also does good to our beloved Mother Nature.
F．Actually, you want your home to show your personal style.
G．Small space, however, makes decorating more simple and affordable.
One of the most important skills in building a successful career is listening. While drive and confidence may get you in the door of a dream job, listening enables you to build successful partnerships that will help you climb to the top. ____16____ When colleagues feel listened to, they feel safe to communicate and enjoy working together.
So how do people become good listeners?
____17____
While we all have our own ideas, to properly listen, we must put these aside when the other person is speaking. Many people succeed because they’ve learned to listen with the purpose of understanding what the other person is trying to convey. It helps you get important information, of course, but it’s more than that: It’s also the greatest sign of respect you can give someone.
Ask question.
This shows the other person that you re paying attention and interested, which will lead to a more honest and productive conversation. Clarify things that may be unclear, reflect back what you hear and ask questions that allow the person to unpack the topic. ____18____
Be supportive.
Create a safe and comfortable workplace by showing your support. ____19____ Body language can also play a significant role in creating a supportive environment. Positive feedback (反馈) is an important part too. Gaining new information is the best way to stay on top of the game, no matter what the job is.
Be patient with yourself.
Don’t forget to be patient with yourself. ____20____ Take the time to manage your success in this field and remember that little change can go a long way.
A．Listen with the goal of comprehension.
B．Learning to listen effectively doesn’t happen overnight.
C．Here’s how to build your career by being a good listener.
D．Understand what words will truly persuade the other person.
E．Open-ended questions are the best as they don’t force a direct answer.
F．Sincere listening is transformative as it helps create a supportive workplace.
G．This can be done by showing confidence in the person and avoiding criticism.
Ways to Express Your Thanks
Expressing thanks is very important. But many people don’t know how to do that. Maybe you have difficulty in expressing yourself. How do you express your thanks?
____21____.
● Make a card
Making a card to express your thanks is a creative idea. If you are too shy, you can write down some words on the card to express your feelings. You can also draw some pictures on it. The card with pictures will be beautiful. ____22____.
● Send a gift
Sending a gift to express your thanks is a polite way. If somebody helps you, you can buy him or her a gift. ____23____. It may not be expensive, but it’s the thought that counts.
● Leave a message
____24____. Sometimes, you may forget to say “Thank you” to your roommate. You can leave a message on the door to show your thanks. Seeing the message, your roommate will be happy. In this way, the relationship between you and your roommate will become closer.
● ____25____
Writing an email is a good way to express your thanks. If you can’t say “Thank you” to your friend face to face, you can write an email. Even if your email is short, it may get your friend moved.
A．Write an email
B．Share your story
C．The gift can show your thanks
D．Leaving a message is a great way
E．Here are some useful ways for you
F．Tell your friends that you are very busy
G．The beautiful card will show your feelings
Daily Habits for Better Sleep
Good sleep starts long before bedtime. Many of the things you do during the day will affect the quality of your sleep.____26____.
Wake up at the same time every morning.
Our bodies follow a daily circadian(昼夜的) rhythm, and waking up at different times throws it out of order. It is best to keep your wake-up time consistent ____27____. The less you deviate(偏离)from your normal wake-up time,the better you’ll sleep.
Get sunlight every morning.
Exposure to sunlight serves an important purpose:It shuts down the release of melatonin(褪黑素)，a hormone that promotes sleep.____28____，it sends a signal to tell your brain to stop releasing the melatonin. Aim to get at least 15 minutes of sunlight as the first thing every morning.
Work out regularly.
The pandemic has led people to cut down on physical activity.____29____ Studies have found that daily exercise, regardless of the type or intensity,helps people fall asleep faster and stay asleep longer. According to the Sleep Foundation, people with chronic insomnia can fall asleep about 13 minutes faster and gain up to 20 extra minutes of sleep per night by starting an exercise routine.
____30____
Caffeine has a half-life of six to eight hours and a quarter-life of about 12 hours. That means that if you drink coffee at 4p.m., you’ll still have a quarter of the caffeine floating around in your brain at 4a.m. . Avoiding caffeine in the evening is a no-brainer. But ideally you should avoid caffeine after 2 p.m., so that your body has enough time to clear most of it from your system.
A．When you step outside
B．Cut off caffeine at 2p.m.
C．When sunlight hits your eye
D．Avoid caffeine in your daily life
E．Don’t sleep in,even on weekends
F．So try these sleep-promoting habits
G．But exercise is the easiest way to improve sleep
When you’re visiting another country, you may be thought impolite or rude if you don’t do as the Romans do. ____31____.
·Be careful of what you give to Chinese friends. China has a long history and colorful cultures, so you have to pay attention to the cultural traditions. When presenting your Chinese friends with flowers, avoid using white. Because they are connected with death. ____32____.
·____33____. In some cultures, it is acceptable to eat food with your hands. But in Norway it is often required that you use a spoon and fork, chopsticks, or a knife and fork when having a meal. So learn about how to use these things before you travel there. In Norway, even sandwiches are eaten using a fork and knife.
·Don’t ask for salt when dining in Egypt. In many cultures, like the United States, it’s all right to ask for salt to add to your food. But if you’re dining with friends and colleagues in Egypt, keep in mind to avoid asking for salt. ____34____.
·Lose a tooth in Greece. For many countries, children are told to keep the baby teeth under the pillow and the Tooth Fairy will give them money in exchange for their teeth. But Greek children are told to throw their teeth onto the roofs. ____35____. It also means good luck to the family.
A．They are very beautiful
B．It means health to the kids
C．Mind your table manners in Norway
D．Because it is an impolite action to the host
E．In Greece, you can share your idea with the host
F．However, white flowers mean cleanness and purity in the United States
G．Knowing some cultural traditions and customs around the world will help you
There are lots of good points of speaking more than one language. To start with, you need to set some common misunderstandings aside about language learning. ____36____.
·Language learning is difficult.
Learning a language takes time, but is not difficult. You mostly need to listen and read. Believe me; it is very simple.____37____ . Soon you will feel the happiness of understanding another language just like me.
·You have to have a gift for learning languages.
____38____ Anyone who wants to, can learn. In Sweden and Holland most people know more than one language. Foreign athletes who go around the world usually learn new languages faster than learners in the classroom.
. ____39____.
When you are learning the language, it is more important to listen. If you meet a native speaker, you will naturally spend most of your time listening before you already know the language.
·You would love to learn but you don't have the time.
How about the time you spend waiting in line, doing things around the house, or going for a walk? ____40____? Once you get started, even 10 or 15 minutes a day will soon grow to 30 minutes a day, or one hour. If you enjoy doing it, you will find the time.
A．No, you don't have to
B．I have done it many times
C．You need to speak in order to learn
D．Do you have to live where the language is spoken
E．Why not listen to a language on your mobile phone
F．Only children can learn to speak another language well
G．Avoiding these wrong opinions below can bring success
This is the season for holiday travel! As one of the busiest times of the year approaches, many of us are preparing for a vacation with our families and friends.____41____Not to mention, there's often lots of indulging (放纵) between now and New Year's and the last thing any of us wants is to pack on extra weight.____42____
1. Walk everywhere.
Instead of taking buses, try to walk whenever possible. This is one of my favorite things to do when traveling, even if I'm going somewhere familiar.____43____And you're fitting in extra exercise as a bonus. To give yourself an extra boost (促进), always take the stairs instead of the elevator. And don't get on those moving sidewalks in the airport!
2. Find a local hike.
For bonus points:____44____Do a bit of research to find a scenic spot for the whole family to enjoy. Not only will you boost your bum, but a change of scenery is also a great way to bond with your loved ones and experience something new.
3. ____45____
Plenty of people just head home for the holidays, but if you're going somewhere new and exciting this year do not overlook running routes as a fun way to see the sights. Nothing spices up (添趣) a run or brisk walk quite like a beautiful view. This is a great way to explore the area on foot while getting your body moving and breaking a sweat.
A．Start running!
B．Don't just walk, hike!
C．Sightsee while on a run.
D．It's a good time to go on a diet.
E．Though this is something to look forward to, it can also be stressful.
F．It's amazing what you can discover by walking around your hometown.
G．Here are some tips for staying fit while you're on the go this holiday season.
Most of us are aware that we must take care of the environment, and the majority of us take steps to save energy and reduce waste and pollution. But recently, some “green truths” have been shown to be only half true, or even completely false. ____46____
Eating local food is good for the environment.
It seems like common sense: eating local food should be better for the environment, because it does not need to be transported long distances and kept cold during transport. ___47___ It is the production of food, not its transport, that uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.
____48____
It depends on how long you spend in the shower and how large your bath is. If you spend more than eight minutes in a shower, you'll use as much water as in a bath—about 50 litres of water. Therefore, the key is to keep your shower time as short as possible.
Paper shopping bags are better than plastic ones.
Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals.___49___It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down, but much less time for paper. Because of this, people think paper bags are the better environmental choice.
However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water. The process also produces more greenhouse gases. ____50____ So, take a reusable bag with you when you go shopping.
Environmental awareness is now part of daily life. But it’s worth checking common ideas and opinions to see what's really green.
A．They mistake them for food.
B．Here are some common ones.
C．Unfortunately, it is not that simple.
D．It’s better to take a shower than a bath.
E．A paper bag is more environmentally friendly.
F．In fact, both kinds of bags are bad for the environment.
G．When we turn off a machine, it goes into a stand-by state.
Reading is an important part of learning English, but many students find it difficult.___51___ .
●Read for the main ideas
Read the text for the first time, and don't stop. Read to understand the main ideas___52___. You' ll be surprised that you can usually understand the main idea of the story.
●___53___ .
Context（上下文）refers to words and situations that are around a word you don't understand. Look at the example sentence:
I went to the schlumping to buy some chitla for dinner.
What's "schlumping"?-It must be a store because you bought something there. What's "chitla"?-It must be food because you are going to eat it for dinner.
●Use your own language
One of the best tips on improving reading is to think about how you read in your own language. Start by thinking about how you read different documents. How do you read the newspaper?___54___?How do you read train schedules? And so on. Taking time to think about this will help give you clues（线索）on how to read in English-even if you don't understand every single word.___55___ .
●Understand different reading skills
Here is a quick overview of the four types of reading skills used in every language:
Skimming-used to understand the main idea
Scanning-used to find a particular piece of information
Extensive reading- used for pleasure and general understanding
Intensive reading- accurate reading for detailed understanding
A．Use context
B．What are you doing
C．Put away your pencil-boxes
D．How do you read novels
E．and don't look up new words
F．Here are some tips that will help you improve reading by using skills
G．It is not always necessary to read and understand every single word in English
Maybe you are an average student. You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily so, however. Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. Here’s how:
____56____ When you plan your week. You should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. Decide on a good, regular time for studying. Of course, studying shouldn’t occupy all of your time. ____57____
Find a good place to study. Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space free of everything but study materials. No games, radios, or television.
Make good use of your time in class. ____58____ Listening carefully in class means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.
Study regularly. When you get home from class, go over your notes. Review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day, read that material. ____59____
Develop a good attitude towards tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t be over-worried.
____60____ You will probably discover many others after you have tried these.
A．There are other methods that might help you with your studying.
B．Don’t forget to set aside enough time for entertainment.
C．Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says.
D．No one can become a top student unless he or she works hard.
E．Plan your time carefully.
F．A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems.
G．This will help you understand the next class.
The Story of Music
How did music begin? Did our early ancestors first start by beating things together to create rhythm, or using their voices to sing? What types of instruments did they use? ____61____ The answers show that the history of music is, in many ways, the history of humans.
So, what is music?
This is difficult to answer, as everyone has their own idea. “Sound that conveys emotion” is what Jeremy Montagu of the University of Oxford and author of the article describes.
____62____
If we take singing, then controlling pitch(音高) is important. Scientists have studied the skulls and jaws of early apes, to see if they were able to make a sound and control pitch. Another important component of music is rhythm. Our early ancestors may have created rhythmic music by clapping their hands. ____63____
Many of these instruments are likely to have been made from soft materials like wood, and so haven't survived. What have survived are bone pipes. So, music is old, and may have been with us from when humans first evolved.
But why did it arise and why has it existed?
There are many possible functions of music. One is dancing. Another obvious reason for music is entertainment. ____64____
However, the major reason why music arises and exists may be that it brings people together. ____65____ He concludes: “It has even been suggested that music, in causing such bonding, created not only the family but society itself, bringing individuals together who might otherwise have lived alone.”
A．When did our ancestors begin making music?
B．Music can express certain emotion that you can feel.
C．This may be linked to the earliest musical instruments.
D．Our ancestors created music by beating stones or sticks by accident.
E．Has music always been important in human society, and if so, why?
F．Music can also be used for communication, often over large distances.
G．“Music leads to bonding, such as bonding between mother and child or bonding between groups,” explains Montagu.
Tying to eat heathily and get enough exercise can be difficult when your family refuse to get healthy with you. ___66___
Tell your family about your decision. ___67___ You will need their encouragement and support, even if they are not interested in joining you. Once your family see the progress you’ve made—whether you want to lose weight, increase your energy levels or get fit- they may be encouraged to join you!
___68___ It is an important part of becoming healthy. Eating healthy food in the correct proportions (比例) can help you and your family members to lose weight, increase energy, sleep better, have flawless skin and stronger hair, along with other benefits. You should try your best to persuade your family members to give up junk food.
Drink lots of water. Drinking water is a key part of a healthy diet and it makes your skin cleaner and takes weight off. ___69___ We mistake thirst for hunger, so when you feel hungry, try drinking a glass of water instead.
Exercise for half an hour per day. It is important to make exercise part of your plan to get healthy. ___70___ Exercise is always easier if you have someone else to do it with you. Even if your family aren’t ready to change their diet, they may be willing to join you for a daily run or dance class.
A．Eat a balanced diet.
B．Don’t share dishes with sick family members.
C．However, with the right attitude and some tips, you can still succeed.
D．It’s important to tell your family about your plans to live a healthy lifestyle.
E．It is strongly suggested that you drink at least 8 glasses of water per day.
F．Make sure you are getting enough sleep you should be aiming for 8 hours per night.
G．Even ten minutes of physical exercise per day can have a positive influence on the body.
Are you bored with your daily life? Here are some things you should try before you are eighteen years old, because after that it's too late!
Camp out in the garden.
If you don't have your own garden. find a friend who has one! You will need: two or three friends, sleeping bags and warm clothes. Take a lot of food and drink with you and play games until it gets dark _71_ You will need a torch (手电筒)or else you won't be able to see all your sweets, and it might get a bit frightening.
_72_
Seriously. this is so important that it could save your life. If you can't swim well, you won't be able to do water sports like waterskiing and surfing. Even taking a boat trip will be dangerous for you Make sure you do it.
Collect something.
One of the best hobbies for under- 18s is collecting things._73_The best way to collect is to have a special album to put your collection in and to write what each thing means to you. That way you won't forget.
Try at least one kind of team sport.
_74_You have to work well with other people. Other advantages of team sports are that they keep you fit, and they are great fun, Teams usually have a good social life too--- you'll go to lots of parties and make many friends.
Write your family tree.
When you are young. get to know all the older people in your family. Find out as much as you can about them when they were young_75_
A．Learn to swim.
B．Go out for fun.
C．It is an important skill to be a team player.
D．Running helps to train a person's character.
E．Draw a family tree so that you won't forget.
F．You could collect stamps or emails from friends.
G．When it gets dark, tell stories and eat all your sweets.
参考答案：
1．B 2．F 3．G 4．E 5．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了高效学习的几个方法。
1．根据下文“Many students know what they are expected to do. Yet many often fail to plan ahead. (许多学生知道别人对自己的期望，然而却不能提前谋划)”，结合空格的位置以及接下来的段落信息可知，此处为段落标题，讲述学习方法之一：制定计划。选项B. Make a plan and stick to it.(制定计划并坚持下去)总领本段，符合题意。故选B。
2．根据本段标题“Don’t just reread.(不要只是反复阅读)”可知，本段重点讲述不良阅读习惯，所以空格处应讲述学生在阅读中出现的问题；选项F. Sadly, reading books and notes repeatedly is common for many students.(可惜地是，反复读书和笔记这种现象在学生中很常见)符合题意，选项中的“reading books and notes repeatedly”与段落标题中的“reread”相呼应。故选F。
3．根据上文“It tends to be far easier to form a mental image if you have a concrete example of something.(如果你有具体的事例的话往往很容易形成一个心里意象)”可知，空格部分应是通过事例来说明“利用事例助学”的效果；选项G. For instance, sour foods usually taste that way because they contain an acid.(例如，酸的食物通常尝起来是这样的，因为它们含有一种酸)承接上文。故选G。
4．根据本段标题“Dig deeper(深挖)”以及空格前“It’s taking class material and asking many how and why questions about it.(这需要经典的材料并针对这个问题多问几个怎么做和为什么)”可知，空格处应表示看问题不能停留在表面，要深挖；选项E. In other words, don’t just accept facts at face value.(换句话说，不要只接受事实的表面价值)衔接上文并进一步重申本段主旨。故选E。
5．根据上文“Practice more. Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills.(多练习。音乐家练习乐器。运动员练习运动技巧)”可知，空格处应表示学习也一样需要多练习；选项C. The same should go for learning.(学习也一样需要练习)承接上文讲述练习对于学习的重要性。故选C。
6．D 7．F 8．A 9．C 10．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了实现健康老龄化的一个新的方式是提升创造力。文章提出了几个关于如何提升创造力方法。
6．根据前文“If you’re interested in staying healthy as you age — and living longer — you might want to add a different set of muscles to your workout routine; your creative ones.(如果你想随着年龄的增长保持健康——活得更长——你可能想在你的锻炼计划中增加一组不同的肌肉：增加的你创造力。)”可知，后文要强调的是创造力的重要性，即解释为什么增加创造力可以保持健康。D选项“Research suggests creativity may be the key to healthy aging.(研究表明，创造力可能是健康老龄化的关键。)”承接上文，指出创造力是实现老龄化健康的关键。故选D。
7．根据前文“Some studies show that travelers have more creative success, and that people who enjoy unfamiliar experiences perform better on open-ended questions calling for many ideas. (一些研究表明，旅行者更有创造性的成功，喜欢陌生经历的人在回答需要很多想法的开放式问题时表现得更好。)”可知，在一些开放性问题的测试中，一些喜欢陌生经历的人即具有创造力经验的人是表现的更好的。由此推知，后文陈述这些测试的重要意义。F选项“Performance on these tests may predict aspects of real-world creativity.( 在这些测试中的表现可以预测现实世界创造力的某些方面)”符合题意，故选F。
8．根据句子结构，设空处为段落小标题，应该是祈使句结构。故可从A和B选项来选择。根据后文“Generating ideas is one part of the creativity, but knowledge is required to identify the ones that will work. Even if mental speed declines, a person’s base of knowledge is well-preserved as it expands over time.(产生想法是创造力的一部分，但需要知识来识别那些可行的想法。即使思维速度下降，随着时间的推移，一个人的知识基础会得到很好的保存)”可知，虽然思维能力会下降，如果坚持应用所学的知识，那么知识基础会得到很好的保护。故A选项“Apply knowledge(应用知识)”符合本段主旨，且适合作为小标题。故选A。
9．根据后文的“New Yorker Tobi Zausner discovered her mature painting style only after a severe drug poisoning. (纽约人Tobi Zausner在一次严重的药物中毒后发现了自己成熟的绘画风格。)”可知，逆境是可以帮助人塑造和激发创造力的。C选项“Facing up to challenges can inspire creativity.(面对挑战可以激发创造力。)”符合语境。故选C。
10．根据前文“Following a battle against cancer, she became a psychologist and wrote a book about adversity followed by creative breakthroughs, When Walls Become Doorways.(在与癌症抗争后，她成为了一名心理学家，并写了一本关于逆境和创造性突破的书——《当墙变成门》。)”推知，下文应该阐述该书中的内容。G选项“An example in the book is a study of artists who had experienced illnesses(书中的一个例子是对经历过疾病的艺术家的研究。)”承接前文，the book指上文的When Walls Become Doorways这本书。故选G。
11．G 12．B 13．D 14．E 15．F
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了居住在小房子里的优点。
11．根据上文“It’s cheaper to decorate. It can take thousands of dollars worth of decoration simply to make large space look inviting. (装修更便宜。花费数千美元的装修费用只是为了能让大空间看起来很吸引人。)”可知，上文告诉我们大空间的装修费用很高，G项意为“然而，小空间使装修更简单、更负担得起。”选项与上文形成对照，大空间的装修费用很高，小空间使装修更简单、更负担得起，且呼应段落主旨，小空间装修更便宜。故选G。
12．根据下文“That’s why small space is welcomed by those who like being surrounded by order and cleanliness and don’t want to spend a ton of time and energy in keeping them that way. (这就是为什么小空间受到那些喜欢被秩序和清洁包围的人的欢迎，他们不想花费大量的时间和精力来保持这种状态。)”可知，下文告诉我们小空间受到那些喜欢保持房子清洁和有条理的人的欢迎，B项意为“没有人愿意花几个小时打扫卫生。”选项与下文构成因果关系，没有人愿意花几个小时打扫卫生，这就是为什么小空间受到那些喜欢被秩序和清洁包围的人的欢迎。故选B。
13．根据下文“It takes a lot to pay for heating, cooling and electricity, which can also cost much energy. (取暖、制冷和用电需要很多钱，这也会耗费很多能源。)”和“We use less energy and produce less waste when we live in a small space. (当我们住在一个小空间里时，我们使用更少的能源，产生更少的废物。)”可知，本段主要告诉我们取暖、制冷和用电需要很多钱，也会耗费很多能源，住在一个小空间里可以节省钱，并且更环保，D项意为“它在经济上和环境上都是友好的。”选项能够概括段落主旨，下文内容解释了为什么小空间在经济上和环境上都是友好的。故选D。
14．根据上文“We use less energy and produce less waste when we live in a small space. (当我们住在一个小空间里时，我们使用更少的能源，产生更少的废物。)”可知，上文内容告诉我们当我们住在一个小空间里时，可以节约能源，产生更少的废物，E项意为“因此，它对我们深爱的大自然也有好处。”选项能够承接上文，正是因为住在小空间里可以节约能源，产生更少的废物，所以它对我们深爱的大自然也有好处。故选E。
15．根据段落主旨句“It’s easier to personalize. (更容易个性化。)”和下文“It is much easier to decorate a small home in your own style. (用你自己的风格装饰一个小房子要容易得多。)”可知，本段内容主要告诉我们小房子的装饰更容易个性化，F项意为“实际上，你想让你的家展示你的个人风格。”选项符合段落主旨，且能引起下文，你想让你的家展示你的个人风格，用你自己的风格装饰一个小房子要容易得多。故选F。
16．F 17．A 18．E 19．G 20．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要就如何成为好的倾听者提出几点建议。
16．上文“While drive and confidence may get you in the door of a dream job, listening enables you to build successful partnerships that will help you climb to the top.(尽管动力和自信可能会让你进入理想的工作之门，但倾听可以让你建立成功的伙伴关系，帮助你登上顶峰。)”指出倾听很重要，可以让你建立成功的伙伴关系，帮助你登上顶峰，下文“When colleagues feel listened to, they feel safe to communicate and enjoy working together.(当同事们感到被倾听时，他们就会感到交流是安全的，并且喜欢一起工作。)”具体指出倾听对你工作的好处，由此可推知，空处应该承上启下，指出倾听有助于创造一个支持性的工作环境。F项“Sincere listening is transformative as it helps create a supportive workplace.(真诚的倾听有助于创造一个支持性的工作环境。)”符合，故选F。
17．分析文章结构可知，空处是本段小标题，是关于如何成为好的倾听者的一条建议，根据下文“While we all have our own ideas, to properly listen, we must put these aside when the other person is speaking. Many people succeed because they’ve learned to listen with the purpose of understanding what the other person is trying to convey. It helps you get important information, of course, but it’s more than that: It’s also the greatest sign of respect you can give someone.(当我们都有自己的想法时，为了正确地倾听，我们必须在别人说话的时候把这些想法放在一边。许多人之所以成功，是因为他们学会了倾听，目的是理解对方想要传达的信息。当然，它能帮助你获得重要信息，但不仅如此：它也是你能给予某人最大的尊重的标志。)”可知，本段主要讲了学会倾听，目的是要理解别人，A项“Listen with the goal of comprehension.(带着理解的目的去听。)”符合，概括了本段内容，故选A。
18．上文“Clarify things that may be unclear, reflect back what you hear and ask questions that allow the person to unpack the topic.(澄清那些可能不清楚的事情，反映你所听到的，并提出问题，让对方能够解释这个话题。)”指出要对不清楚的事情问问题，让对方解释这个话题，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，指出我们如何问问题，E项“Open-ended questions are the best as they don’t force a direct answer.(开放式问题是最好的，因为它们不强求直接的答案。)”符合，故选E。
19．上文“Create a safe and comfortable workplace by showing your support.(通过表示支持来创造一个安全舒适的工作环境。)”指出要通过支持别人来创造一个舒适的工作环境，空处应指出具体如何支持别人，G项“This can be done by showing confidence in the person and avoiding criticism.(这可以通过展示对人的信心和避免批评来实现。)”符合，故选G。
20．上文“Don’t forget to be patient with yourself. (别忘了对自己要有耐心。)”指出学会倾听需要你对自己有耐心，下文“Take the time to manage your success in this field and remember that little change can go a long way.(花点时间使你在这个领域努力取得成功，并且记住，小小的改变可以走很长的路。)”指出学会倾听别人是要花时间的，由此可知，空处应承上启下，B项“Learning to listen effectively doesn’t happen overnight.(学会有效地倾听不是一朝一夕的事。)”符合，既解释了为什么要对自己有耐心，同时顺承下文，要对自己有耐心，因为学会倾听不是一朝一夕的事，而是需要时间和付出的，故选B。
21．E 22．G 23．C 24．D 25．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是表达感谢的几种方式。
21．空格前说“How do you express your thanks?(你如何表达你的感谢？)”，由空格后的黑体的小标题可知，下方要讲表达感谢的方法，因此空格处会引出这些方法，E选项“Here are some useful ways for you(这里有一些对你有用的方法)”引出了下文的方法，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
22．空格前说“The card with pictures will be beautiful.(有图片的卡片会很漂亮。)”，空格处应说到这种漂亮的卡片能有什么作用，G选项“The beautiful card will show your feelings(漂亮的卡片会显示你的感情)”说明了漂亮的卡片的作用，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
23．空格前说“If somebody helps you, you can buy him or her a gift.(如果有人帮助你，你可以给他或她买一份礼物。)”，空格处应说这种礼物能起到什么作用，C选项“The gift can show your thanks(这个礼物可以表达你的感谢)”说明了礼物的作用，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
24．本段小标题是“Leave a message(留言)”，空格处应提到和“留言”有关的内容，D选项“Leaving a message is a great way(留言是一种很好的方式)”对留言这种方式作出评价，因此D选项承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
25．空格处是本段小标题，由空格下方的“Writing an email is a good way to express your thanks.(写电子邮件是表达感谢的好方法。)”可知，本段主要讲的是写电子邮件这种方式，A选项“Write an email(写一封电子邮件)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为小标题，故选A。
26．F 27．E 28．C 29．G 30．B
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种有助于睡眠的活动：每天早上在同一时间醒来；每天早上晒晒太阳；定期锻炼；下午2点停止摄入咖啡因。
26．上文“Many of the things you do during the day will affect the quality of your sleep(你白天做的很多事情都会影响你的睡眠质量)”结合下文提到的四个活动可知，空处句子应起到承上启下的作用。F项“So try these sleep-promoting habits (所以试试这些促进睡眠的习惯吧)”符合语境。故选F项。
27．本段中心句为“Wake up at the same time every morning.(每天早上在同一时间醒来)”，根据上文“It is best to keep your wake-up time consistent (最好保持起床时间一致)”可知，无论哪天都要保持起床时间一致，包括周末；E项“Don't sleep in,even on weekends(不要睡懒觉，即使是在周末)”符合语境。故选E项。
28．本段中心句为“Get sunlight every morning.(每天早上晒晒太阳)”，根据上文“Exposure to sunlight serves an important purpose：It shuts down the release of melatonin(褪黑素)，a hormone that promotes sleep (暴露在阳光下有一个重要的意义：它关闭释放褪黑素的释放，它是一种促进睡眠的激素)”，和下文“it sends a signal to tell your brain to stop releasing the melatonin.(它会发出一个信号，告诉你的大脑停止释放褪黑激素)”可知，空处内容与阳光对我们的影响有关。C项“When sunlight hits your eye (当阳光照射你的眼睛)”复合语境，sunlight是关键词。故选C项。
29．根据本段中心句“Work out regularly(定期锻炼)”可知，本段话题为“锻炼”。下文“Studies have found that daily exercise, regardless of the type or intensity，helps people fall asleep faster and stay asleep longer. (研究发现，无论运动的类型或强度如何，每天的运动都能帮助人们更快地入睡，保持更长时间的睡眠)”推知，下文陈述锻炼的好处。G项“But exercise is the easiest way to improve sleep（但是锻炼是改善睡眠最简单的方法)”符合语境。故选G项。
30．此处考查段落中心句。根据本段最后一句“But ideally you should avoid caffeine after 2 p.m., so that your body has enough time to clear most of it from your system.(但理想情况下，你应该在下午2点后避免咖啡因，这样你的身体就有足够的时间将大部分咖啡因从你的系统中清除)”可知，本段建议下午2点后避免咖啡因，B项“Cut off caffeine at 2p.m.(下午2点停止摄入咖啡因)”符合题意。故选B项。
【点睛】
31．G 32．F 33．C 34．D 35．B
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个国家的重要文化习俗。
31．空前“When you’re visiting another country, you may be thought impolite or rude if you don’t do as the Romans do.(当你在另一个国家访问时，如果你不像当地人那样行事，你可能会被认为不礼貌或粗鲁)”引出本文主题与各地的文化习俗有关，下文描写了几个国家的重要文化习俗；G选项“Knowing some cultural traditions and customs around the world will help you(了解世界各地的文化传统和习俗会对你有帮助)”承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。
32．空前“When presenting your Chinese friends with flowers, avoid using white. Because they are connected with death.(当送花给你的中国朋友时，避免使用白色。因为它们与死亡有关)”描述到中国人家中做客送花时，应该避免送白花的原因；F选项“However, white flowers mean cleanness and purity in the United States(然而，白花在美国意味着干净和纯洁 )”进行转折，介绍白花在美国所代表的含义，符合语境。故选F项。
33．空后“But in Norway it is often required that you use a spoon and fork, chopsticks, or a knife and fork when having a meal.(但在挪威，吃饭时通常要求你使用勺子和叉子、筷子或刀叉)”及“In Norway, even sandwiches are eaten using a fork and knife.(在挪威，吃三明治也要用刀叉)”可知，空处应总起说明在挪威应该注意餐桌礼仪；C选项“Mind your table manners in Norway(在挪威要注意餐桌礼仪)”引起下文，符合语境。故选C项。
34．由本段首句“Don’t ask for salt when dining in Egypt.(在埃及吃饭时不要要盐)”及空前“But if you’re dining with friends and colleagues in Egypt, keep in mind to avoid asking for salt.(但如果你在埃及和朋友或同事吃饭，记住不要要盐)”可知，本段描写在埃及吃饭时不能要盐；D选项“Because it is an impolite action to the host(因为这是对主人不礼貌的行为)”说明其原因，符合语境。故选D项。
35．空前“But Greek children are told to throw their teeth onto the roofs.(但是希腊的孩子们被告知要把牙齿扔到屋顶上)”描写希腊孩子如何处理掉落的牙齿，空后“It also means good luck to the family.(它也意味着给家庭带来好运)”为其原因的第二个方面；B选项“It means health to the kids(这对孩子们来说意味着健康)”为这样做对于孩子的好处，是原因的第一个方面，符合语境。故选B项。
36．G 37．B 38．A 39．C 40．E
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍有关语言学习的错误观点，避免这些错误观点，就能带来语言学习的成功。
36．上文“There are lots of good points of speaking more than one language. To start with, you need to set some common misunderstandings aside about language learning.(说一种以上的语言有很多好处。首先，你需要把一些关于语言学习的常见误解放在一边)”指出要认识到对语言学习的误解，并且避免这些错误观点。G项“Avoiding these wrong opinions below can bring success(避免以下错误观点，就能带来成功)”中的“wrong opinions”与上文的“some common misunderstandings”一致，指出避免关于语言学习的错误观点，故选G项。
37．上文“Learning a language takes time, but is not difficult. You mostly need to listen and read. Believe me; it is very simple.(学习一门语言需要时间，但并不困难。你主要需要听和读。相信我，这很简单)”说明作者根据经验告诉大家：学习语言并不难。B项“I have done it many times(我已经做过很多次了)”与上文“Believe me”照应，说明作者亲身实践过，故选B项。
38．上文“You have to have a gift for learning languages.(你必须有学习语言的天赋)”是作者列举的第二条语言学习的误区。下文“Anyone who wants to, can learn.(任何人，只要想学，就能学)”说明谁都能学语言，是对文章第二个标题的否定。A项“No, you don't have to(不，你不必)”承上启下，故选A项。
39．下文“When you are learning the language, it is more important to listen. If you meet a native speaker, you will naturally spend most of your time listening before you already know the language.(当你学习语言时，“听”更重要。如果你遇到一个母语人士，在你已经知道语言之前，你自然会把大部分时间花在“听”上)”说明语言学习中“听”的重要性。C项“You need to speak in order to learn(为了学习，你需要“说”)”是语言学习的另一个误区，认为“说”更重要。下文是对C项的否定，并具体说明“听”更重要。故选C项。
40．上文“How about the time you spend waiting in line, doing things around the house, or going for a walk?(你花在排队等候，做家务或散步的时间呢？)”说明人们在生活中浪费了许多时间。人们可以利用被浪费掉的时间学习语言。下文“Once you get started, even 10 or 15 minutes a day will soon grow to 30 minutes a day, or one hour. If you enjoy doing it, you will find the time.(一旦你开始，即使每天10或15分钟，很快就会增长到每天30分钟，或一小时。如果你喜欢这样做，你就会找到时间)”说明只要开始做，慢慢坚持就会养成习惯。E项“Why not listen to a language on your mobile phone(为什么不用手机听呢？)”是作者给出的关于合理利用时间建议，通过用手机听来学习语言。E项承上启下，故选E项。
41．E 42．G 43．F 44．B 45．C
【分析】这是一篇应用文。为如何在忙碌的假期保持健康提供几点建议。
41．后一句“Not to mention, there's often lots of indulging (放纵) between now and New Year's and the last thing any of us wants is to pack on extra weight.(更不用说，从现在到新年这段时间里，时常会放纵享受，我们最不想做的就是增加体重)”中的“to pack on extra weight”，是对E项“Though this is something to look forward to, it can also be stressful.(虽然这是一件值得期待的事情，但它也可能会带来压力)”中的“be stressful”的一种解释说明。故选E。
42．G项“Here are some tips for staying fit while you're on the go this holiday season.(以下是一些在假期忙碌时保持健康的小贴士)”中的“staying fit”承接上一句中“Not to mention, there's often lots of indulging (放纵) between now and New Year's and the last thing any of us wants is to pack on extra weight.(更不用说，从现在到新年这段时间里，时常会放纵享受，我们最不想做的就是增加体重)”中的“to pack on extra weight”，“some tips”引出下文所列的三点建议，G项在本处承上启下。故选G。
43．F项“It's amazing what you can discover by walking around your hometown.(绕着家乡走一圈，你能发现的东西会让你觉得惊喜)”中的“your hometown”与前一句“This is one of my favorite things to do when traveling, even if I'm going somewhere familiar.(这是我旅行时最喜欢做的事情之一，即使我要去的是熟悉的地方)”中的“somewhere familiar”呼应。故选F。
44．B项“Don't just walk, hike!(不要只是走路，要远足！)”中的“hike”与本段的小标题“Find a local hike”呼应。故选B。
45．C项“Sightsee while on a run.(边跑步边欣赏)”与本段第一句“Plenty of people just head home for the holidays, but if you're going somewhere new and exciting this year do not overlook running routes as a fun way to see the sights.(很多人只是回家度假，但如果你今年要去一个新的、令人兴奋的地方，千万不要忽视跑步的路线，这是一种观赏风景的有趣方式)”中“running routes as a fun way to see the sights”所表达的意义相同，且在句式上也适合作为段落小标题。故选C。
【点睛】
46．B 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．F
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们在保护环境过程中的一些常见的错误。
46．根据前句“But recently, some “green truths” have been shown to be only half true, or even completely false.(但最近，一些“绿色真理”被证明只对了一半，甚至是完全错误的)”和下文可知，下文具体介绍一些常见错误的“绿色真理”。所以选择项B“Here are some common ones.(这里有一些常见的错误绿色真理)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
47．根据前句“It seems like common sense: eating local food should be better for the environment, because it does not need to be transported long distances and kept cold during transport. (这似乎是常识：吃当地的食物应该对环境更好，因为它们不需要长途运输，也不需要在运输过程中保持低温)”和后句“It is the production of food, not its transport, that uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.(消耗大部分能源和产生大部分温室气体的是粮食生产，而不是粮食运输)”可知，上文讲“吃当地食物对环境有好处”是一种常见的错误真理，下文作者解释了原因，表明其中道理，上下文表转折，说明事实并非那么简单。所以选择项C“Unfortunately, it is not that simple. (不幸的是，事情并没有那么简单)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
48．根据下文“It depends on how long you spend in the shower and how large your bath is. If you spend more than eight minutes in a shower, you'll use as much water as in a bath—about 50 litres of water. Therefore, the key is to keep your shower time as short as possible. (这取决于你花多长时间洗澡和你的浴缸有多大。如果你花在淋浴上的时间超过8分钟，你就会用掉和泡澡一样多的水——大约50升水。因此，关键是让你的淋浴时间尽可能短)”可知，淋浴比泡澡更节约水的观点是错误的。所以选择项D“It’s better to take a shower than a bath. (洗淋浴比泡澡好)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
49．根据前句“Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals. (塑料袋会造成垃圾，对野生动物是一种威胁)”可知，后文应继续陈述塑料袋的缺点，比如它具体如何威胁到野生动物的。所以选择项A“They mistake them for food. (它们误以为塑料袋是食物)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
50．根据前文“However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water. The process also produces more greenhouse gases. (然而，制作一个纸袋所消耗的能量是制作塑料袋的四倍，水的用量是制作塑料袋的三倍。这个过程也会产生更多的温室气体)”可知，事实上塑料袋和纸袋都污染环境。所以选择项F“In fact, both kinds of bags are bad for the environment. (事实上，这两种袋子都对环境有害)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
51．F 52．E 53．A 54．D 55．G
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了几种提高英文阅读能力的技巧。
【详解】1.根据空前句子“Reading is an important part of learning English, but many students find it difficult.（阅读是学习英语的一个重要部分，但许多学生发现它很难）”并观察下文给出的方法可知，F选项“Here are some tips that will help you improve reading by using skills（这里有一些贴士，可以帮助你使用技巧提高阅读能力）”为下文方法的总起，承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。
2.根据空前一句“Read the text for the first time, and don't stop. Read to understand the main ideas（第一次读课文，不要停下来，通过阅读理解大意）”和下文“You' ll be surprised that you can usually understand the main idea of the story.（你会惊讶于你通常能理解故事的主要意思）”可知，E选项“and don't look up new words（不要查字典）”符合语境，即我们会惊讶于即使有些单词不认识，也可以读懂大意，且呼应上文don't stop。故选E项。
3.根据下一句“Context refers to words and situations that are around a word you don't understand.（语境指的是围绕在你不理解的单词周围的单词和情景）”可知，此处给出的技巧是联系语境，A选项“Use context.（使用语境） ”作为本处小标题，符合语境。故选A项。
4.空处为问句，根据前一句“How do you read the newspaper?（你如何阅读报纸）”及后一句“How do you read train schedules?（你如何读火车时刻表）”可知，D选项“How do you read novels（你如何阅读小说）”与前后句式一致，询问如何阅读不同内容，符合语境。故选D项。
5.根据空前“even if you don't understand every single word（即使你不是每个单词都能理解）”可知，G选项“It is not always necessary to read and understand every single word in English（阅读和理解英语中的每一个单词并不总是必要的） ”符合此处语境，且“every single word”相互对应。故选G项。
56．E 57．B 58．C 59．G 60．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，很多成绩普通的学生经过努力都可以成为优秀生，作者在文章里介绍了一些提高成绩的建议。
【详解】1.空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“When you plan your week. You should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time.”（当你计划一周的时候。你应该把你要做的事情列个清单。列完这个单子后，你应该把你的时间安排好）可知，我们要给自己的时间安排好。所以空白处的内容应该为要对自己的时间有计划的安排。选项E.Plan your time carefully.（仔细计划你的时间）符合题意，故选E。
2.根据空前句子“When you plan your week. You should ...studying shouldn’t occupy all of your time. ”(当你计划一周的时候。你应该把你要做的事情列个清单。列完这个单子后，你应该把你的时间安排好。决定一个好的，有规律的学习时间。当然，学习不应该占用你所有的时间) 可知，本段主要讲述时间安排，我们要安排有规律的学习时间，但是学习不应该占用你所有的时间。所以空白处应讲述我们应给学习之外的事情也留有时间。选项B.Don’t forget to set aside enough time for entertainment(别忘了留出足够的时间娱乐)就是对上文安排时间的补充说明。符合题意，故选B。
3.根据空前句子“Make good use of your time in class.”(利用好课堂时间)和空后句子“Listening carefully in class means less work later”(课上认真听课意味着稍后节省劳动量 )可知上课时，要认真听老师所讲的内容，这样才能在课后更加轻松。选项C.Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says.(利用课堂时间，认真听老师所讲的一切)承接了上文的“Make good use of your time in class”同时也引出下文“课后会更加轻松”。故选C。
4.根据空前句子“When you get home from school, go over your notes, preview the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day, and read that material.”(放学回家后，复习笔记，预习第二天老师要讲的要点，同时阅读这些材料)可知，放学后我们要做好温习和预习工作，所以此处应该承接上文，阐述这样做的意义是什么。选项G. This will help you understand the next class.(这将帮助你理解下一节课)承接上文，并且选项中this就是指代上文“放学回家后的预习和复习”。故选G。
5.根据空后句子“You will probably discover many others after you have tried these.”(在你试了这些方法后，你将可能发现许多其他的方法)可知除了上文所提及的方法外，你还可以用其他的方法。所以空白处应总说还有其他的一些方法。选项A.There are other methods that might help you with your studying(还有其他方法可以帮助你学习)引出下文，此外选项中的other methods与下文的others进行呼应。故选A。
61．E 62．A 63．C 64．F 65．G
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。音乐史在许多方面就是人类历史，音乐在人类社会中一直都扮演着重要的角色。为什么会有音乐的存在?音乐又是什么时候产生的呢?本文对此作了简要介绍。
61．下句“The answers show that the history of music is, in many ways, the history of humans.”（答案表明，音乐的历史在许多方面就是人类的历史），因此空格处应该提出一个问题，E项Has music always been important in human society, and if so, why?（音乐在人类社会中一直很重要吗?如果是，为什么?）问到音乐在人类社会中是否一直都很重要及其重要的原因，恰能引起下文，符合语境。故选E。
62．根据该空下一段的“If we take singing, then controlling pitch(音高) is important. Scientists have studied the skulls and jaws of early apes, to see if they were able to make a sound and control pitch”（以唱歌为例，控制音高是很重要的。科学家们研究了早期猿类的头骨和下颚，看它们是否能够发声和控制音调）可知，科学家们研究了什么时候开始有音乐。而选项中只有A项When did our ancestors begin making music?（我们的祖先是什么时候开始演奏音乐的?）与什么时候开始创作音乐有关，故选A项为本段小标题。故选A。
63．上一句“Our early ancestors may have created rhythmic music by clapping their hands”（我们早期的祖先可能通过拍手创造了有节奏的音乐）提到我们的早期祖先可能通过拍手来创作有节奏的音乐。C项点明这可能和最早的乐器有关联，符合语境。同时C项中的instruments照应下文中的these instruments，因此C选项切合题意，故选C。
64．根据本段前的小标题“But why did it arise and why has it existed?”（但它为什么会产生，又为什么会存在?）可知，本段主要讲的是音乐产生和存在的原因。F项Music can also be used for communication, often over large distances（音乐还可以用于远距离交流）点明音乐也可以用于交流，通常是远距离的交流，这正是音乐存在的原因之一，故选F。
65．上一句“However, the major reason why music arises and exists may be that it brings people together”（然而，音乐产生和存在的主要原因可能是它把人们联系在一起）提到音乐产生和存在的主要原因可能是它能使人们团结起来。G项点明音乐会促进人与人之间的关系，比如母亲和孩子之间的关系，或者是群体之间的联系，符合本段语境。G项中的bonding和上一句中的brings people together为同义表达，下一句中的代词He指代的是G项中的 Montagu，因此G选项切合题意，故选G。
66．C 67．D 68．A 69．E 70．G
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何和家人一同保持健康。
66．根据前句“Tying to eat heathily and get enough exercise can be difficult when your family refuse to get healthy with you.(当你的家人拒绝和你一起保持健康的时候，努力吃得健康，做足够的运动是很困难的。)”以及下文列出如何做到健康饮食，可知这里提出一些健康饮食的建议。分析选项可知C项“However, with the right attitude and some tips, you can still succeed. (然而，只要有正确的态度和一些建议，你仍然可以成功。) ”符合题意。故选C项。
67．根据首句“Tell your family about your decision.(把你的决定告诉你的家人。)”可知，告诉家人你的决定就是要健康饮食，才会让你的家人支持你。分析选项可知D项“It’s important to tell your family about your plans to live a healthy lifestyle. (告诉你的家人要过健康的生活方式是很重要的。)”符合题意。故选D项
68．根据后文“Eating healthy food in the correct proportions (比例) can help you and your family members to lose weight, increase energy, sleep better, have flawless skin and stronger hair, along with other benefits.(吃正确比例的健康食物可以帮助你和你的家人减肥，增加精力，睡得更好，拥有完美的皮肤和强壮的头发，以及其他好处。)”可知，吃健康的食物就是正确的食物比例，有许多的好处。而正确的比例即是均衡的饮食。分析选项可知A 项“Eat a balanced diet. (均衡饮食。)”符合题意。为本段的标题。故选A项。
69．根据前句“Drinking water is a key part of a healthy diet and it makes your skin cleaner and takes weight off.(喝水是健康饮食的关键部分，它能清洁你的皮肤，还能减肥。)”可知，这里讲喝水的好处，所以建议我们多喝水。分析选项可知E 项“It is strongly suggested that you drink at least 8 glasses of water per day. (强烈建议你每天至少喝8杯水。)”符合题意。故选E项。
70．根据前句“Exercise for half an hour per day. It is important to make exercise part of your plan to get healthy.(每天锻炼半小时。让锻炼成为你健康计划的一部分是很重要的。)”可知，锻炼对身体有益。分析选项可知G项“Even ten minutes of physical exercise per day can have a positive influence on the body. (即使每天十分钟的体育锻炼也能对身体产生积极的影响。)”符合题意。故选G项。
71．G 72．A 73．F 74．C 75．E
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述18岁之前孩子们可以尝试的有趣的事情：在花园露营，学游泳，收集东西和团队运动。
71．根据上文“Take a lot of food and drink with you and play games until it gets dark ”带上很多食物和饮料，玩游戏直到天黑，此处承接上文，讲的是天黑后的活动，G选项中的gets dark与上文的gets dark相一致，故选G。
72．根据本段“Seriously. this is so important that it could save your life. If you can't swim well, you won't be able to do water sports like waterskiing and surfing. Even taking a boat trip will be dangerous for you Make sure you do it.” 认真对待。这很重要，可以救你一命。如果你不会游泳，你就不能做像滑水和冲浪这样的水上运动。即使乘船旅行对你来说也是危险的，一定要去做，由此可知本段主要为什么要学习游泳，因此A选项Learn to swim.学会游泳，概括本段内容，故选A。
73．根据上文One of the best hobbies for under- 18s is collecting things. 18岁以下的孩子最好的爱好之一就是收集东西以及本段标题Collect something.可知主要讲的是收集东西，由此推断下文应该具体介绍收集那些东西或者怎样收集。F选项You could collect stamps or emails from friends.你可以从朋友那里收集邮票或电子邮件，符合本段题意，故选F。
74．根据本段标题Try at least one kind of team sport. 至少尝试一种团队运动以及下文“You have to work well with other people. ”可知，你必须和别人好好合作，因此此处强调团队合作的重要性，C选项中的it指的是团队运动，因此C选项It is an important skill to be a team player. 团队合作是一项重要的技能，作为本段第一句，总领全段，故选C。
75．本段的标题是Write your family tree. 写下你的家谱及本段内容也是怎样记住家谱，故E选项Draw a family tree so that you won't forget.画一张家谱，以免忘记，符合本段主题，故选E。
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