专题04定语从句 ——2023年高中英语学业水平考试专项精讲+测试（通用版）

这是一份专题04定语从句 ——2023年高中英语学业水平考试专项精讲+测试（通用版），共20页。


必过04 定语从句

知识过关
定语从句是高考的热点，主要考 查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。主要考点有：
①关系代词 which引导的非限制性定语从句
②关系副词where引导的定语从句（近三年来常考 查先行词是表示抽象空间念的名词的情况)
③介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句;as引导的非限制性定语从句。
关系代词
关系代词
先行词
句法功能
who
人
主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)、表语
whom
人
宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)
whose (＝of whom/of which)
人或物
定语
that
人或物
主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)
which
物
主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)
as
人或物
主语、宾语

Each graduate standing on the playground, who was accompanied by a parent, would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster.
每个毕业生都由父亲或母亲陪伴着站在操场上，等待校长给他们颁发毕业文凭。
My daughter, whose job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home.
我的女儿总不在家，她的工作需要经常出差。
1．关系代词that与which的用法
(1)限制性定语从句中只用that不用which的情况：
①先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时，关系代词通常只用that。
Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?
你有什么要为自己说的吗？
②先行词被序数词，形容词最高级，the only, the very, the last等修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。
This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。
This is the only thing that we can do now.
这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。
③先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that，不用which。
The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all.
我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。
④定语从句出现在which或who的特殊疑问句中时用that。
Which is the bike that you lost?
哪辆是你丢的自行车？
Who is the boy that won the gold medal?
赢得金牌的那个男孩是谁？
⑤有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which，另外一个宜用that。
They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution.
他们偷偷地建了一家小工厂，这家工厂生产可能会造成污染的东西。
⑥当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中作表语时。
Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.
上海不再是过去的那座城市了。
⑦主句是there be句型且关系词在从句中作主语时，用that不用which引导。
There is a seat in the corner that is still available.
在那个角落还有一个座位可用。
(2)只用which不用that的情况：
①引导非限制性定语从句。
Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, which, of course, made the others envy him.
海伦对她最小的儿子比对其他的儿子好得多，这当然让其他的儿子很嫉妒她的小儿子。
②关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前。
This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.
这是鲁迅曾住过的房子。
③引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体或部分概念。
The result was not the same as they had expected, which was rather disappointing.
结果与当初预料的不一样，这让人觉得很失望。
2．which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别

which
as
位置上
只能放在主句的后面
位置灵活，可放在主句前也可放在主句后，有时还可插入主句中
搭配上
无动词的限制
谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词，如see, hear, know, expect, remember等
意思上
意为“这一点”
意为“正如……，正像……的那样”

She was late for school again, which was unexpected.
她上学又迟到了，这是始料不及的。
She was late for school again, as we expected.
正如我们预料的那样，她上学又迟到了。
[名师指津]　as引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式：such＋名词＋as (像……一样的，像……之类的)；such (pron.)＋as (像……一样的，像……之类的)；the same＋名词＋as (和……同样的)。
We have found such materials as are used in their factory.
我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。
I have the same book as he has.
我和他有同样的书。


关系副词
关系副词
先行词
句法功能
when
时间
时间状语
where
地点
地点状语
why
原因
原因状语(只引导限制性定语从句)

Sing! China has set up a big stage for young people with a talent for music, where some have stood out among them.
《中国新歌声》为有音乐天赋的年轻人建立了一个大舞台，在这个舞台上一些人从中脱颖而出。
The reason why he failed in the exam was that he didn't study hard.
他考试失败的原因是他学习不努力。
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
我还记得第一次来北京的那一天。
[名师指津]　当先行词为situation, case, stage, point等表示抽象意义的词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，用关系副词where。
They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.他们已经到了必须分手的地步。
“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句
1.“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句
构成
句法功能
用法指津
名词(代词)＋介词＋关系代词
主语
可转化为“whose＋名词”结构
数词(形容词最高级)＋of＋关系代词
主语
数词还可以被some, many, most, each等不定代词替换
介词(短语)＋关系代词
状语
关系代词只能用which或whom且不能省略，但可与关系副词互换
介词＋关系代词＋名词
状语
关系代词常用which 和whose
介词＋关系副词
状语
有时为了表达清楚，还可以在关系副词where/when前加介词from或to

Recently, I bought an ancient vase, the price of which was very reasonable.
最近，我买了一个古代花瓶，它的价格很合理。
He has ten cousins, the youngest of whom is very clever.
他有十个表兄弟，最小的那个很聪明。
Lily might possibly come, in which case I'll ask her.
莉莉可能会来，要是那样的话我就去问她。
There is a big window in my room, from where I can see the railway station.
我的房间有一个大窗户，透过它我可以看到火车站。
2．“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句的2个考 查点
(1)考 查该结构中关系代词的选用
若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。
(2)考 查该结构中介词的选用
一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：先行词和介词的搭配习惯；从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配习惯；句子意思表达的需要。

一、单项选择
1．— Did you ask the guard _______ happened?
— Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.
A．what; that B．what; what C．which; which D．that; that
2．Who _______ has brains will make such a mistake as this?
A．it B．ever C．that D．/
3．Can you lend me the book ________ you were reading this morning？
A．that B．what
C．whose D．who
4．I think this is the most interesting story_________is made up by my uncle.
A．what B．which
C．that D．as
5．"I don't like the way you treat your customers." Mr. Young said to Simon.
A．/ B．in that
C．which D．of which
6．I'll tell you _____ he told me last night.
A．all which B．all what
C．that all D．all
7．All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.
A．that B．those
C．which D．what
8．The matter _____ you were arguing about last night has been settled.
A．that B．what
C．why D．for which
9．Who _____ has common sense will do such a thing?
A．which B．who
C．whom D．that
10．I don’t like the way ______ you speak to her.
A．/ B．in that
C．which D．of which
11．They asked him to tell them everything _____ he saw at the front.
A．what B．that
C．which D．where
12．Can you lend me the novel _____ the other day?
A．that you talked B．you talked about it
C．which you talked with D．you talked about
13． He talked a lot about things and persons _____they remembered in the school.
A．which B．what
C．whom D．that
14．Is this the museum _____ you visited the other day?
A．that B．where
C．in which D．the one
15．They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the school.
A．which B．that
C．who D．whom
16．Samuel survived when the car ________ he was a passenger in turned off the road and hit a tree.
A．where B．that
C．as D．why
17．-How do you like the book?
-It's quite different from _____ I read last month.
A．that B．which
C．the one D．the one what
18．Do you know the time ________we will have a meeting tomorrow？
A．which B．when
C．on which D．where
19．Do you know the year ________ the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
A．which B．that C．when D．on which
20．We cannot accept a society _______ the rich enjoy comfort _______ the poor have to suffer.
A．which; while B．where; while C．which; / D．/; /
21．Waller-Bridge has incredibly reached the heights of her profession she has faced down barriers, overcome difficult odds, and lived the American dream.
A．which B．where C．when D．what
22．Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _____we are working.
A．that B．which
C．where D．there
23．He has lost the key to the drawer _____ the papers are kept.
A．where B．on which
C．under which D．which
24．They will never forget the days _______ they spent together studying abroad.
A．in which B．that C．on which D．during which
25．Many people who had seen the film The Shallonws were afraid to go to the sea when they remembered the scenes ________ Nancy was attacked by a shark.
A．that B．by which
C．which D．in which
26．Could you tell me the name of the shop ________ you bought your coat last week？
A．which B．in which
C．that D．in that
27．Antarctic _____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.
A．which B．where
C．that D．about which
28．The train _____ she was traveling was late.
A．which B．where
C．on which D．in that
29．The Second World War _____ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.
A．when B．during that
C．in which D．which
30．The speed __________ is 120 kilometers per hour.
A．at that the car is travelling B．with which the car is travelling
C．which the car is traveling D．at which the car is travelling
31．They stayed at the Liu's for three days, ________ they drank all the wine that the Liu had.
A．which time B．and during which
C．during whose time D．during which time
32．The paper _____ bamboo is made is especially fine.
A．which B．into which
C．of which D．from which
33．In the office, I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m. _______ time many people have gone home.
A．whose B．that C．on which D．by which
34．The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ___ are sold abroad.
A．of which B．which of C．of them D．of that
35．Li Ming, _______ to the concert enjoyed it very much.
A．that I went with B．with whom I went C．with who I went D．I went with him
36．The man next door, _______ name I don’t know, is always making a lot of noise by singing pop songs at night.
A．who B．whose C．of which D．whom
37．The letter is from my sister, _____ is working in Beijing.
A．which B．that C．whom D．who
38．The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _____ are beyond our control.
A．most of them B．most of which C．most of what D．most of that
39．The house, _____ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.
A．the roof of which B．which roof
C．its roof D．the roof
40．Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ________ was very reasonable.
A．which price B．the price of which
C．its price D．the price of whose
41．I decided to write about Chaplin, one of _________ films I had seen several years before.
A．whose B．whom
C．that D．which
42．He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.
A．which I think is B．which I think it is
C．which I think D．I think which is
43．I was told that there were about 50 foreign students ________ Chinese in the school, most ________ were from Germany.
A．study; of whom B．study; of them
C．studying; of them D．studying; of whom
44．In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _______ are women.
A．them B．which C．whom D．who
45．Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ________ wanted to buy it.
A．none of them B．both of them C．none of whom D．neither of whom
46．The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.
A．where B．to which C．which D．in which
47．It was the boy _____ had been in prison _____ stole the money.
A．who, where B．that, how C．who, that D．that, which
48．There are fifty patients ________ we must take care of in our hospital.
A．which B．for which
C．whom D．for whom
49．There is a mountain ____________ top is covered with snow all year round.
A．whose B．that
C．who D．which
50．Which sentence is wrong?
A．The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.
B．Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform?
C．Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land.
D．People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth.
51．A football fan is _____ has a strong interest in football.
A．a thing that B．something that
C．a person who D．what
52．Mary is such a lovely girl ______ many of her classmates are willing to help when necessary.
A．that B．what
C．whom D．as
53．Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet   life has developed gradually.
A．that B．where
C．which D．whose
54．Is there anyone in your class ________ family is in the country?
A．who B．who's C．which D．whose
55．That is the day ________ I'll never forget.
A．which B．on which C．in which D．when
56．The place ________ interested me most was the Children’s Palace.
A．which B．where C．what D．in which
57．A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan.
A．who B．who's
C．whose D．which
58．Look out！Don’t get too close to the house roof is under repair.
A．whose B．which
C．of which D．that

参考答案：
1．A
【详解】考查名词性从句和定语从句。句意：——问警卫发生什么事了吗？——是的，他告诉了我他所知道的一切。 第一空为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”应用what引导；第二空为定语从句修饰先行词all，先行词在从句中作宾语，先行词为all时，只能用关系代词that引导。故选A。
2．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：哪个有脑子的人会犯这样的错误？分析句子可知，_______ has brains是定语从句，Who 是先行词；在定语从句中，当主句是which\who开头的疑问句，或者先行词是who时，定语从句的关系代词只能用that。故选C。
【点睛】定语从句只能用that而不能用which的六种情况：
1、如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which。如：
All that can be done has been done.能做的都已经做了 。
He will tell you everything that he heard about it.他将告诉你他所听到的关于这件事的一切。
2、当先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much所修饰时，只能用that，如：
There is little work that is fit for you.没什么工作运合你做。
I have eaten all the food that is left.我把剩下的所有食物都吃了 。
3、先行词是序数词或最高级形容词时，或者先行词被序数词（包括last，next)、最高级形容词及the only, the very等修饰时。如：
This is the first film that I have seen since I came here.这是我到这里后所看的第一场电影。
This is the best that has been used against pollution.这是用来防止污染的最好办法。
This is the very book that I am looking for.这正是我一直在寻找的那本书。
4、先行词包括人和物时，关系代词应该用that。如：
They often talk about the people and the things that they are interested in.他们常常谈论那些他们感兴趣的人和事。
5、当主句是以who或which升头的疑问句时，为了避免重复，多用that导。如：
Which is the house that caught fire last night?昨晚失火的是哪座房子？
Who is the lady that is playing the piano?在弹钢琴的那位小姐是谁？
6、当先行词在定语从句中作表语时，只能用that。如：
This is a book that I have been looking for since last week.这就是那本自上周以来我一直在寻找的书。
3．A
【详解】考查关系代词。句意：你能把今天早晨你在看的那本书借给我吗？分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为the book，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，所以关系代词可用which 或that。故选A。
【点睛】关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时， which或that也可以省略。比如本句，先行词在定语从句中做宾语，that可以省略。
4．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我认为这是我叔叔编的最有趣的故事了。_________could be used to buy clothes for his children.是一个定语从句，由于先行词story在定语从句中作主语，且被形容词的最高级修饰，因此关系代词只能用that，故选C。
5．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：“我不喜欢你对待顾客的方式。”杨先生对西蒙说。此处the way做先行词，后面的定语从句用that/in which来引导，也可省略关系词。故选A。
6．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他昨晚告诉我的，我都告诉你。he told me last night.是定语从句，all是先行词，=whatever=anything that.关系代词必须用that,排除A。what不能引导定语从句，排除B.that all不可并列，排除C.
7．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：落下来的苹果都被猪吃了。_____ fell down是定语从句修饰指物的先行词 apples，定语从句缺主语，用that/which引导，但当先行词被all限定时，只能用that.故选A。
8．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你们昨天晚上争论的问题，已经解决了。_____ you were arguing about last night是定语从句，句中缺宾语，需用关系代词that/which.选A。
9．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：稍有常识的人，谁会做这种事情？分析句子可知，has common sense为定语从句，从句中缺主语，先行词是Who，指人，可用关系代词that/who，为了避免与主句主语who重复，只能用that。故选D项。
10．A
【详解】句意：我不喜欢你对她说话的方式。定语从句的先行词是the way，表示“方式，方法”时，关系词可用in which或that，也可省略。故选A。
【点睛】
11．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们让他告诉他们他在前线看到的一切。根据句子可知，这是定语从句，先行词为everything ，在从句中充当宾语，且everything为复合不定代词，有复合不定代词定语从句中关系代词就要用that。故选B项。
12．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你能把前几天谈论的书借给我吗？talk about sth “谈论某事”；talk with sb“与某人交谈”。本题的先行词是the novel，所以定语从句中的动词短语talk about，后面缺宾语，使用关系代词which/that，作为talk about的宾语，可以省略。故选D。
13．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他谈论了很多他们记得的这个学校的人和物。things和persons是先行词，当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人，又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that，做宾语。故选D。
【点睛】
14．A
【详解】试题分析：考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是the museum，后面的定语从句中动词visit后面缺少了宾语，故使用关系代词that指代先行词作为visit的宾语。BC项都在句中做状语。句意：这就是前天你参观的那家博物馆吗？故A正确。
考点：考查定语从句
点评：定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whose, whom, as， who在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做状语。要分析句子成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。
15．B
【详解】考查关系代词。句意：他们回忆起了在学校时的人和事,谈了一个小时。在限制行定语从句中，当先行词既有人又有物，关系代词只能只用that的情况。分析句子可知，先行词为things and persons ，在定语从句中作动词remembered的宾语，所以关系代词只能用that。故选B项。
16．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：萨缪尔是一名乘客，当他乘坐的汽车驶离道路，撞到一棵树上时，他幸免于难。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the car,在其后的定语从句he was a passenger in中作介词in的宾语，故用that引导，故选B。
17．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：—你觉得这本书怎么样？—跟我上月读的那本大不一样。I read last month. 作为定语从句缺少先行词，而the one指代the book做read宾语,后面省略了关系代词that.选C.
18．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你知道我们明天什么时候开会吗？分析可知空处引导定语从句，先行词为the time，关系词指代先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语，which 前面应该用介词，排除A；此处可用at which，不能用on which，排除C；D项在从句中作地点状语，不符合句意，故选B。
19．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你知道中国共产党成立是哪年吗？先行词是year，在定语从句中作时间状语，when是关系副词，表示时间，故选C。
【点睛】
20．B
【详解】考查定语从句和并列句。句意：我们不能接受一个富人享受舒适而穷人受罪的社会。分析句子可知，_______ the rich enjoy comfort _______ the rich enjoy comfort是定语从句，先行词a society在从句中做地点状语，故用关系副词where；the rich enjoy comfort和the rich enjoy comfort是对比；while表示对比关系时，意思是“而，然而”。故选B。
【点睛】while 用作连词时，有以下几种含义：  　　
1. 意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。例如：While it was late, he went on working. (虽然很晚了，但他还在继续工作。)  　　
2. 意为“当……时候，和……同时”，引导时间状语从句。例如： While I was watching TV, the bell rang. (我看电视时，铃响了。)  　　
3.引导条件状语从句 相当于as long as，译作“只要”。例如： While there is life, there is hope. (有生命，就有希望。)  　　
4.引导原因状语从句， 相当于since， 有“既然”的意思。例如： You'll never save any money while you're so extravagant. (你这么奢侈，永远存不下钱来。 )  　　
5. 连接两个并列句子，表示“对比”关系。例如：He went out for a walk, while I stayed at home. (他出去散步了，而我却呆在家里。)
21．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：沃勒-布里奇难以置信地达到了她职业的高度，她克服了重重障碍，克服了重重困难，实现了美国梦。句中先行词为profession，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where作地点状语。故选B。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词profession，再分析先行词profession在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词profession带到从句中可知只能作地点状语，故确定关系词where，相当于in which。
22．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：从那时起，我们工作的工厂发生了巨大的变化。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the factory ，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故选C。
23．A
【详解】考查定语从句的用法。句意：他把那个放卷子的抽屉钥匙给弄丢了。这里是一个定语从句，先行词the drawer表示的是地点，所以用where引导的定语从句，它在从句中作地点状语，on which及under which有时也等于where，但是在这里强调的是试卷被锁在了抽屉里，应该是in which故答案选A。
24．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们永远忘不了他们一起在国外学习的日子。分析句子可知，_______ they spent together studying abroad是定语从句，修饰先行词the days；先行词在从句中做spent的宾语，用关系代词that\which。故选B。
【点睛】定语从句关系词的选择：
1.先行词在从句中做主语、宾语、表语、定语，就用关系代词（who，whom，whose，that， which和as）；先行词在从句中做状语就用关系副词（when，where和 why）。
2. who指人，做主语、宾语和表语；whom指人，在从句中作宾语；whose表“谁的”，在从句中作定语；that多指物，有时也指人，在从句中作主语或宾语，有时作表语；which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；as指人或事物，在从句中作宾语，有时作主语或表语，常用于“the same（adj.）＋名词＋as或such（adj.）＋名词＋as”等结构中及先行词是代词such或 same的情况下。
3. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语；where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语；why指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语。
25．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：看过《鲨滩》这部电影的许多人，当他们想到Nancy 被一头鲨鱼攻击的场景时，都害怕去那片海。分析可知空处引导定语从句，先行词是scenes，从句中缺少地点状语，故用in which引导这个定语从句。
26．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你能告诉我你上周买大衣的那家商店的名字吗？先行词为the shop，关系词指代先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，故选B。此处的in which可用where替代。
27．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们很少了解的南极终年覆盖着厚冰。分析句子可知，本句为限制性定语从句，固定搭配know about sth. 意为“知道，了解某事”，在定语从句中介词提到关系代词前，先行词为Antarctic，指物，在从句中作介词about的宾语，用关系代词which，即about which。故选D项。
28．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她旅行乘坐的列车晚点了。限定性定语从句中，which一般代指物。本句中，travel是不及物动词，先行词为train，“在火车上”为 on the train， 本句为定语从句，先行词作on的宾语，将介词前置，所以应是on which。故选C项。
29．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：导致数百万人丧生的二战于1945年结束。分析句子可知，本句为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为The Second World War，在从句中作状语，所以应用关系副词where，where=in which=in the Second World War 。故选C项。
30．D
【详解】D 考查介词加关系代词引导定语从句。句意：轿车正在行驶的速度是每小时120公里。at a speed以……的速度。which代替先行词speed在从句中作介词at的宾语，置于从句前，引导定语从句；that引导定语从句不能直接置于介词之后，故排除A；B项介词用错，故排除；C项结构不完整，排除。故选D。
31．D
【详解】考查定语从句。这里含有一个定语从句，先行词是three days, during which time在从句中作时间状语。所以选D。
32．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：由竹子制成的纸特别好。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，拆解定语从句为：bamboo is made _____the paper。be made into“原料被制成……”符合句意逻辑，be made of或from指“由……制造，用……为原料制取”不符合句意逻辑。故选B项。
33．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在办公室里，我一直到下午五点半以后才有时间，那时许多人都回家了。by that time 意思为“到那时”，先行词是5:30 p.m.，用在定语从句中，表示到五点半那个时候，应该为 by which time，故选D项。

34．A
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：这个工厂每年生产了50万双鞋，其中有80%的鞋是卖到国外了。分析句子可知，这是一个非限制性定语复合句。定语从句补充完整80% of the shoes are sold abroad. 先行词在句中与80% of 作主语,又因是非限制性定语从句，且先行词指物，结合选项，故选A项。
35．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：和我去看演唱会的李明很享受演唱会。分析句子可知，Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句， to the concert是定语从句；从句应为I went to the concert with Li Ming，先行词Li Ming在从句中做with的宾语，用关系代词whom。故选B。
36．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不知道名字的隔壁男士，在晚上唱流行歌曲制造噪音。分析句子可知，_______ name I don’t know是非限制性定语从句，引导词定语修饰限定name， 用关系代词whose，故选B。
37．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这封信是我姐姐寄来的，她在北京工作。分析句子结构，_____ is working in Beijing.是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词my sister，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，用who引导该从句，故选D。
38．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：植物的生长速度受大量因素的影响，其中的大多数是不受控制的。根据句子结构——逗号前面为一个完整的句子，后面句子与前面没有连词连接，故只能是从属成分，从而排除选项A；逗号后面为非限制性定语从句，关系代词不能用what或that，先行词是factors，指物，作介词宾语，用关系代词which，故选B。
【点睛】
39．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：屋顶毁于大火的房子已经修好了。当先行词与定语从句的主语存在所有关系或整体与部分的关系，用the + n + of which(物)/whom(人)或whose+n。故选A。
40．B
【详解】考查“名词＋of which”引导的定语从句。句意：最近我买了一个中国古花瓶，它的价格很合理。这里含有一个定语从句，the price of which相当于of which the price或whose price。故选B。

41．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我决定写卓别林，几年前我看过他的一部电影。先行词为Chaplin，作定语从句的定语，关系代词为whose。故选A项。
42．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他又有了一个重大的发现，我认为这对科学是非常重要的。I think 是插入语，可以忽略，剩余的就是一个很明显的which指代前边整个句子（事实）引导的一个非限定性定语从句，which在定语从句中作主语，it是多余的，定语从句中系表结构，is不能缺，还有插入语应该在which后面，故选A。
43．D
【详解】本题考查非谓语动词和定语从句。解题步骤：1. 确定第一空：从句子结构来看，前面一空应该是用非谓语动词作定语，study与students是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词，所以答案只能从C和D两个选项中选；确定第二空：后一选项从句子中间的逗号可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，应该用代词+of+关系代词，这样答案就只能是D项了。结合句意：我被告知有50个外国学生在那个学校学习汉语，大部分是来自德国。故选D。
44．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们工厂有2000名工人，其中三分之二是妇女。分析句子结构，这里含有一个介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词2,000 workers，介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which；指人，只能用whom，这里指人，用whom引导该定语从句，故选C。
45．D
【详解】本题考查代词和定语从句。解题步骤：1. 确定代词：two people已经给出范围，所以只能用neither。2. 确定从句：从空格处到句末，此处为定语从句，应用关系代词引导，指人，关系代词要用whom。句意：上个星期，只有两个人来看房子，谁也不想买。综上，故选D。
46．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们下周要访问的工厂离这里不远。 此处为限制性定语从句修饰先行词the factory，且先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，故应用关系代词which/that引导。故选C。
47．C
【详解】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：是那个被关在监狱里的男孩偷了钱。第一空为定语从句，修饰先行词the boy ，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用who或that引导该从句；第二空为强调句结构“it is/was+被强调部分+that+其他”，如果被强调的部分是人，可以用who代替that，此处被强调部分为“the boy who had been in prison”，是人，故应用that或who。故选C。
48．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在我们医院，我们有50个病人必须要照顾。take care of是固定短语，先行词是fifty patients，关系词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，故用whom。故选C。
49．A
【详解】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：有一座山，它的山顶全年覆盖着雪。分析句子成分可知，先行词a mountain与top构成所属关系，故用whose引导定语从句，在从句中做定语。故选A。
【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：
(1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)
(2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)
(3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)
分析句子可知，先行词a mountain与top构成所属关系，故用whose引导定语从句，在从句中做定语。故选A。
50．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：A. The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth. 我放进杯里的指头不是放进嘴里的那个。B. Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform? 你认识那个跳上站台的男孩吗？C. Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land. 科学和新技术使农民在同样的土地上生产更多的食物成为可能。D. People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth. 古代人们想当然地认为太阳绕着地球转。A选项中，I put it into my mouth.定语从句中，先行词为the one，在从句作宾语，用that引导或省略，句中不再用it指代。故选A。
51．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：足球迷就是对足球有浓厚兴趣的人。fan表示“爱好者”，应用person作先行词，后接定语从句，指人，在从句中做主语，关系代词用who/that，故选C。
52．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：玛丽是个可爱的女孩，她的许多同学在必要时都愿意帮她。分析可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词girl被such修饰，且从句缺少宾语，故应用关系代词as。故选D。
53．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Stephen Hawking认为地球不可能是生命逐渐发展的唯一星球。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the only planet，定语从句缺少地点状语，用where引导定语从句，故选B。
54．D
【详解】　考查定语从句。句意：在你们班有任何人家在这个国家吗？先行词是anyone，和family是所属关系，whose引导定语从句，在从句中作主语family的定语。故选D。
【点睛】
55．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那是我绝不会忘记的一天。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the day，指物，从句中缺少宾语，用关系代词which或that引导定语从句，故选A。
【点睛】
56．A
【详解】本题考查关系代词。解题步骤：1. 确定从句：从空格到most。2. 确定成分：从句________ interested me most缺少主语，The place为先行词，所以关系代词为which。句意：我最感兴趣的地方是少年宫。故选A。
57．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：父母双亡的孩子叫做孤儿。先行词是 A child， ____ parents are dead是定语从句，故用whose来引导，故选C项。
58．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当心!不要太靠近那座屋顶正在修理的房子。先行词the house在定语从句中作名词roof的定语。句中the roof of which =whose roof它的屋顶。故选A。