2023年高考终极押题卷（全国卷版）

这是一份2023年高考终极押题卷（全国卷版），文件包含2023年高考终极押题卷全国卷版全析全解docx、2023年高考终极押题卷全国卷版考试版docx、2023年高考终极押题卷全国卷版听力mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共31页， 欢迎下载使用。
2023年高考终极押题卷（全国卷）（考试时间：120分钟  试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）注意回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Where does the conversation probably take place?A．At a shoe shop. B．At a clothes shop. C．At a paint shop.2．What does the man suggest the woman do?A．Make more friends.B．Try harder at work.C．Have a positive attitude.3．What will the man do next?A．Organize a trip to France.B．Send a letter to the school.C．Prepare a teaching course in traveling.4．What do the speakers think of Gary?A．He’s unqualified. B．He’s well-behaved. C．He’s faithful.5．How much does the cake cost?A．$2.00. B．$3.50. C．$5.50.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Who is Helen probably?A．The girl’s friend. B．The man’s daughter. C．The man’s wife.7．What will the girl do at 5:00 p.m.?A．Have a meal with the man.B．Buy some snacks.C．Do sports.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Why does the woman want to park the car in another place?A．The parking space is small.B．There are larger spaces available.C．She parks in a spot for the disabled.9．Where will the woman and Jenny go first?A．The drugstore. B．The hair salon. C．The shoe store.10．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?A．Mother and son.B．Husband and wife.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．What is the weather like at the moment?A．Foggy. B．Rainy. C．Clear.12．Where is the woman going?A．The sea. B．The forest. C．The mountains.13．What does the man ask the woman to do?A．Book a hotel for him. B．Bring him a coffee. C．Contact him.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．What are the speakers talking about?A．Shopping for Christmas.B．Performing on Christmas.C．Selecting Christmas lights.15．Why will the event get press attention?A．The lead actors are well known.B．The market is in a famous location.C．The new actors have good images.16．How does the woman feel about the opportunity?A．Excited. B．Uninterested. C．Worried.17．What must be perfect on the day according to the woman?A．The ticket sales. B．The sound quality. C．The costumes.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Who is the speaker talking to?A．People who have read her books.B．People who are looking for jobs.C．People who want to write their own books.19．What does the speaker compare writing a book to?A．Completing a work assignment.B．Writing a university essay.C．Reading a magazine article.20．How does the speaker get most of her ideas?A．By reading papers.B．By speaking to people.C．By spending time online.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A50 of the Most Charming Small Towns in AmericaExplore the hidden gems of each state: towns with quaint shops and restaurants, fascinating histories, fun experiences and natural beauty.Eureka Springs, ArkansasNamed one of a “Dozen Distinctive Destinations” by the National Trust for Historic Preservation, Eureka Springs, Arkansas, is a secluded, peaceful town in the heart of the Ozarks. Magnificent Victorian homes built on cliffsides line its winding street, while its historic downtown area offers more than 100 shops and art galleries to explore.Carmel, CaliforniaOfficially known as Carmel-by-the-sea, Carmel is a world-renowned, 1-square-mile village on California’s central coast. It’s beloved for its fairytale-like cottages, as well as its upscale boutiques(精品店), art galleries, historic Carmel Mission Basilica, wineries and other attractions. Carmel Beach has been ranked as one of America’s top beach towns.Mancos, ColoradoThe spirit of the West is alive and well in Mancos, Colorado, where ranching is still a way of life. This community of about 1,600 sits just east of the entrance to Mesa Verde National Park, so it’s a great base for nature lovers and adventurers who like to ride horses, bike and hike. More than 150 artists and other creatives live in the area; their galleries line historic Main Street in the creative district. Book lovers, take note: This area was home to the late Western author, Louis L’ Amour.Cartersville, GeorgiaDiscover dinosaurs and fine Western art in Cartersville, Georgia, located about 50 minutes from Atlanta. Its world-class Tellus Science Museum houses permanent galleries of minerals, fossils, transportation technology and much more, while the Booth Western Art Museum is the world’s largest permanent exhibition space for Western art. After browsing the museums, visit Cartersville’s historic downtown and take a selfie in front of the first painted wall ad for Coca-Cola.21．What is special about Magnificent Victorian homes?A．They line straight streets. B．They are located in cliff areas.C．They lie in the creative district. D．They are fairytale-like cottages.22．Which town will you choose if you want to take adventures?A．Mancos, Colorado. B．Carmel, California.C．Cartersville, Georgia. D．Eureka Springs, Arkansas.23．What do the four towns have in common?A．They are close to the sea. B．They are connected with art.C．They are suitable for the book lovers. D．They offer chances to explore amazing histories.BTodd Bol, a retired businessman, could never have expected that a wooden container he built in his front yard one day would have the global impact it does today.Bol built a dollhouse-size structure that looked like a schoolhouse on a post and he put it in his yard as a free community library to remember his mother, who was a book lover and school teacher. Bol’s design gave birth to Little Free Library (LFL), a nonprofit organization that seeks to place small, accessible book exchange boxes in neighborhoods around the world. The concept is simple: Neighbors are invited to share a book, leave a book, or both. Today, there are over 50,000 of these libraries registered in 70 countries.Almost everyone can register with LFL and start a library as long as the person keeps it in good shape and makes sure that book materials are appropriate for his/her neighborhood. Library owners can create their own library boxes; therefore, the libraries are usually unique in appearance, and there seems to be no limit to the possibilities. One library in California was built out of a used wine container; another in Texas had tiny stairs and bright colored walls. Once registered, libraries are assigned a number at LFL’s website. The LFL Index lists the locations of all libraries with GPS coordinates (坐标) and other information. Owners receive a sign saying “Little Free Library”.People say they have been attracted to pick up a book when walking by a Little Free Library, out of curiosity and because it’s convenient. Some sidewalk librarians say they have met more neighbors since having a little library in their front yard. Bol is also most proud of the way Little Free Library is bringing communities together. “It’s started a neighborhood exchange. It gets people talking and more comfortable with their neighbors,” he says. “This leads to them helping each other.”24．What does the underlined word “design” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A．A community center. B．A dollhouse on a post.C．A book exchange box. D．A nonprofit organization.25．What can we learn about the operation of a Little Free Library?A．There is no limit to the selection of books.B．The library can come in any shape and color.C．The library needs to hire many professional librarians.D．The owner must first be assigned a number from the LFL website.26．What can be inferred about Little Free Library?A．It helps improve GPS functions. B．It connects libraries around the world.C．It makes reading accessible to the poor. D．It helps restore human connections.27．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A．LFL: A Booster to Shared Reading B．LFL: The Best Place to Meet NeighborsC．Todd Bol: A Successful Book Businessman D．Reading: An Approach to Improving YourselfCA new study, led by Huijeong Jeong and Vijay Namboodiri of the University of California, San Francisco, has turned the world of neuroscience (神经科学) on its head.It proposes a model of associative learning which suggests that researchers have got things backwards. Their suggestion, moreover, is supported by a series of experiments. The old model looks forward, associating cause with effect. The new one does the opposite. It associates effect with cause. They think that when an animal receives a reward (or punishment), it looks back through its memory to work out what might have caused this event. Looking at things this way deals with two things that have always made the old model hard to understand. Making predictions based on every single possible cue (暗示) would be somewhere between difficult and impossible. It is far simpler, when a meaningful event happens, to look backwards through other potentially meaningful events for a cause.In practice, however, it is hard to distinguish experimentally between the two models. And that is especially true if you do not even bother to look—which, until now, people have not.Dr. Jeong and Dr. Namboodiri have done so. They conducted 11 experiments that were designed specifically for the purpose. During these they measured, in real time, the amount of dopamine (多巴胺) being released by the nucleus accumbens, a region of the brain in which dopamine is involved in learning and addiction. All of the experiments came down in favor of the new model.“The study is thought-inspiring and represents a stimulating new direction,” says Ilana Witten, a neuroscientist at Princeton University uninvolved with the paper.More experiments will be needed to confirm the new findings. But if confirmation comes, it will have influences beyond neuroscience. Dr. Namboodiri thinks so, and is exploring the possibilities. Evolution has had hundreds of millions of years to better the process of learning.So learning from nature is rarely a bad idea.28．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?A．The differences between the two learning models.B．The disadvantages of the old learning model.C．The difficulty in conducting the experiments.D．The daily learning behavior of animals.29．What is an animal thought to do in the old model?A．It looks backwards for a cause.B．It associates effect with cause.C．It ruins the old learning model.D．It makes predictions based on cues.30．Why did Dr. Jeong and Dr. Namboodiri conduct the experiments?A．To argue against the new findings.B．To confirm their new model of learning.C．To test the efficiency of the two models.D．To highlight the importance of dopamine.31．What is Ilana Witten’s attitude towards the new study?A．Negative.B．Carefree.C．Favorable.D．Doubtful.DUsing the power of artificial intelligence (AI), scientists have revealed new insights into the creation and destruction of mass extinction. Contrary to conventional knowledge, their study suggests that larger extinctions are not always a form of “creative destruction” that allows new organisms to radiate (向周围辐射出去) and evolve. Instead, it suggests that mass extinction is rarely associated with new species of radiation.Dr. Hoyal Cuthill, the lead study author from the University of Essex in the UK and the Tokyo Institute of Technology, said in a statement, “Some of the most challenging things to understand the history of life are the vast timelines involved and the number of species. New machine learning applications can help us understand the information in human-readable form. This means that we can, so to speak, hold the evolution of half a billion years in the palm of our hand and gain new insights from what we see.”They concluded that mass extinction and later radiation were not connected as previously thought. Within 5 percent of the most significant periods of disruption (中断), AI detected “big five mass extinctions, seven more mass extinctions, two mass extinction-radiation events and 15 mass radiations. Most importantly, it discovers that massive radiation and extinction rarely occurred with each other, changing the view that greater extinction leads to a kind of deep cycle-like species radiation of nature. It appears that larger extinctions are certainly not the engine of evolutionary radiation. Take the Cambrian Explosion for example and it was about 41 million years ago when a large group of animals first appeared on the first fossil record and the dawn of a high mobile animal equipped with modern physical features.This new study found that a handful of other notable explosions of biodiversity, including the Cambrian Explosion, usually occurred at a time when they were largely isolated (孤立的) from extinction. Dr. Nicholas Guttenberg, a study co-author from the Tokyo Institute of Technology explained, “Ecosystems are dynamic and you don’t need anything to exist to allow something new to appear.”32．What’s the function of the first paragraph?A．To analyze the cause of creative destruction.B．To tell us the result of the new study.C．To explain the power of artificial intelligenceD．To present the conventional idea of mass extinction.33．What do Dr. Hoyal Cuthill’s words imply?A．New AI machines learn applications better.B．It’s difficult to understand the history of life.C．New species appear before mass extinction.D．AI contributes a lot to the study of evolution.34．Why is the Cambrian Explosion mentioned in the text?A．To provide knowledge of history.B．To highlight the importance of AI.C．To support the new study.D．To prove the previous view is right.35．What is the text mainly about?A．A new understanding of mass extinction.B．The processes of biological evolution.C．Animal species with modern physical featuresD．The relationship between mass extinction and radiation第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Since 2011, people around the world have been celebrating World Introvert Day on January 2. The word “introverted“ describes a personality type. ___36___ They are likely to feel exhausted by environments that are highly simulating and may often need to go to a quiet place to recharge. World Introvert Day began with a blog post from German psychologist Felicitas Heyne. She suggested that introverts are often misunderstood and their mental health suffers because popular culture is dominated by extroverts. Her idea was to celebrate World Introvert Day to raise awareness of the social challenges that introverts face.___37___There are many famous introverts in art and science, such as Albert Einstein, Charles Darwin, and J. K. Rowling. It is believed that many introverts have a great ability to focus and strong power of imagination. ___38___ Extroverts love connecting with other people, work well in groups, and are usually very confident. When introverts don’t fit into groups of extroverts, they may be seen as cold, uninterested, or shy. Popular culture tells us that it is important to network, socialize, and communicate, but all of this can make introverts feel uncomfortable. Scientists are studying what causes someone to be an introvert or an extrovert. Recent studies show that genes are a factor, and most people seem to be born with one personality or the other. ___39___ The brain of an introvert can respond dramatically to a very mild stim- ulus, but the brain of an extrovert tends to need a stronger stimulus to have the same reaction. Our environment and experiences also influence whether we are introverted or extroverted. The term ambivert describes someone who is right in the middle. ___40___.A．The opposite of an introvert is called an extrovert.B．Extroverts are easily accessible and understandable.C．Introverted people are known to live with unique challenges and gift.D．It would also celebrate the contributions of introverts throughout history.E．Introverted people don’t require a lot of social contact, and they enjoy spending time alone.F．Whatever personality type we have, we can celebrate our differences and learn from each other.G．Part of what makes us introverted or extroverted is how our brains respond to the world around us.第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Corion Evans, a 19-year-old boy, was hanging out with friends in a parking area below a Mississippi highway in July. ___41___, a car with three girls inside slipped off a boat ramp(坡道), dropping into the Pascagoula River. It rested some 20 feet from land, then___42___. Corion wondered why they just drove into the water and later learned that the driver had followed ___43___ directions from her GPS.It was around 11:30 p.m. In the___44___, Corion and his friends could barely___45___ the girls holding on to the roof, the only part of the car still___46___ water. But they could hear them screaming. Corion___47___his shirt and shoes, put his phone down, then___48___into the water. He helped the first girl and led her to ___49___.Just then, Police Officer Garry Mercer arrived. He jumped into the river to help another girl. However, halfway back to the___50___, she panicked and went underwater, ___51___ Mercer down with her.Corion jumped___52___into the water and helped them until they could stand. “If he hadn’t been there, who knows?” Mercer told the Washington Post.Cora Watson, who could not swim, was still___53___in the water to take a breath, feeling ___54___.Watson said, “I just knew my ___55___ breath was coming and my mind told me that I was slowly___56___ myself.” She began to go under. “fortunately, Corion had____57____me.”The three girls were taken to the hospital and released. They’re alive because Corion Evans risked his ___58___to save them. Corion Evans was honored for his___59___by the mayor. “Corion broke his curfew(宵禁), but I’m not mad,” his mother Marquita told the Post. “He had a good___60___.”41．A．Certainly B．Actually C．Definitely D．Suddenly42．A．left B．burned C．sank D．rushed43．A．exact B．wrong C．opposite D．extra44．A．darkness B．crowd C．silence D．shadow45．A．take out B．bring out C．point out D．make out46．A．in B．above C．under D．off47．A．removed B．exchanged C．delivered D．replaced48．A．escaped B．walked C．dived D．crashed49．A．peace B．recovery C．health D．safety50．A．bank B．shelter C．ship D．bridge51．A．carrying B．dragging C．catching D．pushing52．A．across B．up C．back D．forward53．A．struggling B．striking C．searching D．wandering54．A．annoyed B．scared C．relieved D．relaxed55．A．deep B．precious C．only D．last56．A．behaving B．abandoning C．losing D．helping57．A．grabbed B．touched C．followed D．felt58．A．time B．life C．fortune D．opportunity59．A．thoughts B．attitudes C．actions D．words60．A．view B．chance C．fame D．reason第Ⅱ卷注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。After Emperor Kangxi decided to build ___61___ summer resort here in 1703, Chengde became the second political center of the Qing Dynasty, and it was also the place where the emperors received foreign guests, avoided summer heat and hunted. ___62___(construct) throughout the 18th century, the Mountain Resort was used by some emperors of the Qing Dynasty. During the reign(统治)of Emperor Yongzheng, the city Rehe was called Chengde for the first time, and it reached its ___63___ (high) in the reign of Emperor Qianlong. The Moutain Resort and Eight Outer Temples ___64___ (list) among the World Cultural Heritage sites in 1994, and they have contributed towards the city being one of the famous cities in the world. A little further up north of Chengde lies another jewel of the city-the natural hot springs. It’s no wonder that in Qing Dynasty Chengde was called Rehe, which literally translates ___65___“hot river”. The hot springs ___66___ (contain) about 43 kinds of minerals are ___67___ (benefit) to the human body. In the southwest of Chengde, there is a wonderland, ___68___ (specific) for artists and space lovers. It’s also home to one of the world’s biggest telescopes known as LAMOST, through ___69___ you can observe more than 4000 stars at one time. Whether you have a creative spirit, a scientific mind____70____ are simply looking for a soul-cleansing getaway, Chengde is a perfect place for you.第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分35分）第一节 短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的 词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。Dear fellow students,With the College Entrance Examination approaches, many students of Senior Three feel quite stressful and are not willing to spare time for sports. They just lose sight of the important role sports play in. In fact, doing sports regularly benefit us in different ways. First, sports help every parts of our bodies work together but prevent us from falling ill easily. Besides, participating in outdoor sports, we can get closely to nature, the beauty of it is able to keep us clear-headed. Therefore, I sincerely advocate that all of us should take active part in sports and get well prepared for their future in a healthy way. That’s all. Thank you!第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)为了让学生近距离接近大自然，上周六你们班组织了一次春游踏青活动，请你写一篇文章报道此次活动，内容包括：1. 具体的活动安排；2. 活动的意义；3. 你的感受。注意：1. 词数不少于100字；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________