【期末备考】2023年上海市高一下期末复习英语试卷-A卷（原题版）

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【期末备考】2023年上海市高一下期末复习英语试卷 -A卷（原题版） Grammar and Vocabulary   （每题1分；共20分）Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the （2022秋·上海·高一华东师范大学第二附属中学校考期末） How to learn a new languageIt can be really hard to learn a new language. I had always enjoyed learning languages in school, but only recently did I start learning German. I found that I could understand and learn individual words easily, but when it came to literature, I really ____1____ (struggle). That was when my tutor at university suggested ____2____ (read) some children’s books printed in the target language.At first, I felt a bit silly going on a hunt for a book ____3____ (design) for someone half my age, but then I realized that everyone has to start somewhere. As children, we ____4____ (give) these basic texts to familiarize our brains with certain vocabulary and writing structures, and from there, we can learn and develop. I started with books which are taught to us as children in the UK. I managed ____5____ (find) Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens and James and the Giant Peach by Roald Dahl.The beauty of reading books ____6____ were introduced to you as a child is that you are already familiar with the plot. Therefore you ____7____ work out some words with your knowledge of the story. At first, I used to read with the book in one hand and a dictionary in the other, but this did not work well, and I often felt puzzled about ____8____ I had read. The method I would recommend is to read a chapter first and at the end of that chapter, highlight the new words and then look up the definitions. If you can wait a bit ____9____ using a dictionary, you may be surprised what you can understand merely from the context. Additionally, a lot of children’s books have pictures which may give you a clue as to what or to whom the passage is referring. Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.  Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.（2022秋·上海·高一校考期末）A．dislike     B．satisfy     C． place    D．familiar    E. understanding    F. roleG. honouring    H. average    I. improved    J. strict      K. collectionArt museums are places where people can learn about various cultures. The increasingly popular “design museums” that are opening today, however, perform quite a different____10____.Unlike most art museums, the design museum shows objects that are easily found by the general public. These museums sometimes even____11____ things like refrigerators and washing machines in the centre of the hall.People have argued that design museums are often made use of as advertisements for new industrial technology. But their role is not simply a matter of sales – it is the____12____ of excellently invented products. The difference between the window of a department store and the showcase on a design museum is that the first tries to sell you something, while the second tells you the success of a sale.One advantage of design museums is that they are places where people feel ____13____ with the exhibits. Unlike the ____14____ art museum visitors, design museum visitors seldom feel frightened or puzzled. This is partly because design museums clearly show how and why mass-produced products work, and how design has ____15____ the quality of our lives. Art museum exhibits, on the other hand, would most probably fill visitors with a feeling that there is something beyond their ____16____.In recent years, several new design museums have opened their doors. Each of these museums has tried to____17____ the public’s growing interest in the field with new ideas. London’s Design Museum,  for  example,  shows  a ____18____ of  mass-produced  objects  from  Zippo  lighters  to electric typewriters to a group of Italian fish-tins. The choices open to design museums seem far less _____19_____ than those to art museums. Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context（2022秋·上海控江中学·高一校考期末）High school biology teacher Kelly Chavis knew smartphones were a problem in her class. For one class period, students used a whiteboard to count every Snapchat, Instagram, text, call or other notifications that appeared on their phones.  Chavis  told  students  not  to ____20____ these notifications.Teachers around the country have done similar experiments, usually ____21____ dozens of markings on the whiteboard. Chavis, who teaches honours-level classes, was ____22____ by the results of her experiment.Chavis is among a growing number of teachers, parents and health experts who believe that smartphones are now partly to blame for increasing the levels of student ____23____. The use of electronic devices is so ____24____ that the National Education Association newsletter said it was a “mental health tsunami (海啸)”.Tests, after-school activities and problems at home can increase ____25____ for students. But research now ____26____ that smartphones and social media are some of the main reasons for the rising levels of uneasiness.Last year, an editorial in the journal Paediatrics proposed that doctors ask young patients about their social media use as part of routine exams. Three researchers wrote that too much social media use might ____27____ the development of mental health disturbance in at-risk teenagers, such as feelings of ____28____, depression and anxiety.Researchers are still not sure whether phones cause student depression or depression causes phone use. _____29_____ 70 percent of teens see anxiety and depression as major problems among their peers, according to a Pew Research report. Nearly 60 percent of parents said they were _____30_____ about the influence of social media on their children’s physical and mental health.Schools are starting to take steps to deal with the problem. Many public schools pay outside companies to watch students’ social media activity for signs of _____31_____. Others invite in yoga teachers and comfort dogs to help _____32_____ students. Some schools have organized unplugged events — days in which people do not use their electronic devices. Less than 20 percent of students and school employees took part, _____33_____ the control that technology has over their daily lives.Some parents are not letting their children get smartphones until they grow up. Deirdre Birmingham of New Jersey _____34_____ a campaign called “Wait Until Eighteenth” because she didn’t think her video game-loving 10-year-old son was ready for a smartphone. The campaign involves groups of parents who have children in the same class. These parents agree not to let their children get phones until they are teenagers.20．A．switch on B．respond to C．open up D．call at21．A．interpreting B．comparing C．recording D．teaching22．A．moved B．shocked C．delighted D．saddened23．A．approval B．enrolment C．commitment D．anxiety24．A．convenient B．unique C．attractive D．widespread25．A．disorder B．stress C．confusion D．pain26．A．suggests B．analyses C．recommends D．expresses27．A．result from B．contribute to C．cut down D．push for28．A．pride B．isolation C．guilt D．love29．A．Yet B．Even C．Otherwise D．Thus30．A．excited B．doubtful C．concerned D．warned31．A．distress B．participation C．dropout D．crime32．A．handle B．encourage C．calm D．inspire33．A．restoring B．worsening C．causing D．showing34．A．joined in B．stepped up C．went against D．appealed to Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A)（2022·上海·高一上海中学校考期末）Are you a different person when you speak a foreign language? That’s just one of the questions The New Yorker’s writer and native North Carolinian Lauren Collins explores in her engaging autobiography, about her tough efforts to master French after marrying a Frenchman whose name — Olivier — she couldn’t even pronounce properly. When in French ranges from the humorously personal to a deeper look at various theories of language acquisition and linguistics. The couple met in London “on more or less neutral ground: his continent, my language.” But the balance shifted when they moved to Geneva for Olivier’s work. The normally voluble Collins found herself at a loss — “nearly speechless.” The language barrier, and her dependence on her husband for simple things like buying the right cut of meat worsened her mixed feelings about “unlovely, but not ridiculous” Geneva. She comments, “Language, as much as land, is a place. To be cut off from it is to be, in a sense, homeless.”Her sense of alienation (疏离感) leads to an examination of America’s miserable record when it comes to foreign languages: “Linguists call America ‘the graveyard of languages’ because of its singular ability to take in millions of immigrants and make their native languages die out in a few generations,” Collins writes. Educated in Wilmington, N. C．, and at Princeton, she could — like the vast majority of Americans — only speak their mother tongue. Eight months after she moved to Switzerland, Collins gave up on the natural acquisition of language and finally enrolls in a French course. As she struggles with grammar and vocabulary, Collins notes smartly that vert (green), verre (glass), ver (worm), vers (toward), and vair (squirrel) compose a quintuple homonym (同形异义). “Although it’s difficult, French can be tried,” she says. Yet French is actually considered among the easiest languages for an English speaker to learn, especially compared to Arabic or Mandarin Chinese. Collins, whose notably rich English vocabulary includes glossolalia (nonsense speech) and shibboleth (catchword or slogan), finds plenty of terrific French words to love. She writes, “English is a trust fund, an unearned inheritance, but I’ve worked for every bit of French I’ve banked.”Unlike Jhumpa Lahiri, who became so hooked on Italian and used it to write In Other Words, Collins’ goals for learning French were more modest: “I wanted to speak French and to sound like North Carolina.” She also wanted to be able to deal with chimney sweeps and butchers, communicate with her in-laws, and “to touch Olivier in his own language.” She admits that she feels different speaking French: “Its austerity (朴素) made me feel more confused.”35．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “voluble” in Paragraph 2?A．Graceful. B．Dependent. C．Talkative. D．Energetic.36．Why do linguists call America “the graveyard of languages”?A．Because other languages are prohibited in America.B．Because only English-speaking people can immigrate into America.C．Because immigrants’ native languages contradict English in America.D．Because American culture swallows up immigrants’ native languages gradually.37．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4 and Paragraph 5?A．Collins’ English vocabulary knowledge contributes little to her French learning.B．Collins has found out some effective ways of mastering French words.C．Arabic or Mandarin Chinese is easier to learn than French for English speakers.D．It’s terrifying for Collins to have French words in store for practical use.38．The example of Jhumpa Lahiri in the passage is given to show that ________.A．Collins aims at using French for her daily life.B．Collins wants to apply French to serve her writing.C．it’s inappropriate for Jhumpa Lahiri to write in another language.D．foreign language always makes learners feel complicated about life. (B)（2022秋·高一上海市杨浦高级中学校考期末）Rocket to Space By Diego Ramirez- Astronaut’s life aboard the ISS(International Space Station)- Two months from setting off to landing- Learn about jobs in spaceWas $39. 95Now $19. 95Fur FriendsWith which pet can you have the best relationship? Learn about different kinds of cats and dogs Know how to raise themOnly $15 every 2 weeksHandcrafts for AllMarch issue (期刊)-Make money with handcrafts - Create baskets from wood, feathers, and more- Make costumes and blankets by hand$3. 75 each monthTechnology 4USet your satellite dish (卫星天线) and get more channelsFix electronic equipment Save money in the long runNew issue every 2 months $100 a yearJourneys on IceBy Sam McGeeExplorer’s adventures in the South PoleAmazing story of 15 brave menOver 800 pages, Half price! Now just $12. 50Detective’s WorldSolve the most mysterious crimes in different timesThink like a real detectiveExciting and enjoyable to read in your fee time4 issues per year for $5 each39．Author’s names are given for books. How many books which have authors’ names are there in the advertisements?A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4.40．According to these advertisements, which of the following has the most issues each year?A．Technology 4U B．Handcrafts for All. C．Fur Friends. D．Detectives’ World.41．How much did Sam McGee’s Journeys on Ice cost before?A．$25 B．$19. 95 C．$12. 50 D．$3. 7542．Tom is interested in fixing computers and he wants to watch some more foreign channels on TV. He is probably going to read .A．Journeys on Ice B．Handcrafts for All C．Rocket to Space D．Technology 4U                                          (C)（2022·上海·高一复旦附中校考期末）The medieval artists didn’t know about perspective; they didn’t want to make their people look like real, individual people in a real, individual scene. They wanted to show the truth, the eternal quality of their religious stories. So these artists didn’t need to know about perspective.In the European Renaissance period, artists wanted to show the importance of the individual person and his or her possessions and surroundings. A flat medieval style couldn’t show this level of reality and the artists needed a new technique. It was the Italian artist Brunelleschi who discovered the technique of perspective drawing. At first the artists of the Renaissance only had single-point perspective. Later they realized that they could have two-pointed perspective and still later multi-point perspective.With two-point perspective they could turn an object (like a building) at an angle to the picture and draw two sides of it. The technique of perspective which seems so natural to us now is an invented technique, a part of the “Grammar of painting”. Like all bits of grammar there are exceptions about perspective. For example, only vertical and horizontal surfaces seem to meet on eye level. Sloping roof tops don’t meet on eye level.For 500 years, artists in Europe made use of perspective drawing in their pictures. Nevertheless, there are a range of priorities that artists give in displaying individual styles. Crivelli wanted to show depth in his picture and he used a simple single-point perspective. Cezanne always talked about space and volume. Van Gogh, like some of the other painters of the Impressionist period, was interested in Japanese prints. And Japanese artists until this century were always very strong designers of “flat” pictures. Picasso certainly made pictures which have volume and depth. However, he wanted to keep our eyes on the surface and to remind us that his paintings are paintings and not illusions.It is technically easy to give an illusion of depth. However, a strong two dimensional design is just as important as a feeling of depth, and perhaps more important.43．According to the passage, which is the main concern for medieval artists?A．the individual person and his/her possessions and surroundingsB．real people, real scenesC．eternal timeless truth of the earthD．themes of religious stories44．The discovery of perspective was the result of __________.A．Renaissance artists’ desire to prove that the medieval artists could show level of realityB．the need to turn an object at an angle and draw more than one side of itC．the subject being shifted from religious stories to individual person and surroundings.D．natural evolution of human senses45．The word “Grammar” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _________.A．construction B．grammatical rulesC．rules and regulations D．tones and volume46．The following artists’ priorities in style shift away from perspective except _________.A．Crivelli B．Cezanne C．Japanese artists D．Brunelleschi47．It can be inferred from the passage that Renaissance artists __________.A．embraced the medieval style of eternal truthB．needed to develop a new approach towards painting to show a new level of realityC．were inspired by vertical and horizontal surfaces in inventing the technique of perspectiveD．saw two dimensional design more important than a feeling of depth48．The passage mainly discusses __________.A．the difference between medieval and Renaissance artB．how the technique of perspective influenced the modern artC．the discovery of the technique of perspectiveD．the contribution of Renaissance artists Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.（2022秋·高一上海市南洋模范中学校考期末）Just before Italy’s second lockdown in November 2020, the banks of Milan’s Grand Canal were busy with people. Bargain hunters picked their way through market stalls. ___49___ The clear water of the canal reflected the dazzling autumn sunshine. This is a familiar scene in Milan’s Navigli district on the last Sunday of every month. Located in the city’s south-west corner, the Navigli district remains one of the last true connections the Milanese have with water. The Grand Canal (Naviglio Grande) itself dates back to 1177. Although not widely known, Milan’s centre was once traced with waterways, like those of Venice. ___50___ London has the Thames. Paris, the Seine. Berlin was built around the banks of the Spree. Yet, Milan, one of the wealthiest cities in Europe, has none. The city had to make one for itself. Between the 12th and 17th centuries, a network of canals was developed in order to grow the city’s wealth and influence. Most of the last traces of this network can be seen in Navigli. The rest fell victim to modernisation during the mid-20th century. As automobiles and trains replaced boats, the Inner Ring was buried under concrete (混凝土). For the most part, the canals are still there, covered over by new roads and buildings. ___51___ The Darsena sits at the meeting point of two of Milan’s last canals, Naviglio Grande and Naviglio Pavese. Once one of Italy’s busiest ports, the harbourside area has lain largely unused since the 1960s. In 2015, it was completely renovated for the Milan Expo. Today, the Darsena provides a vital lung to one of Europe’s most polluted cities. Every day, people walk along its banks or sit with a takeaway drink from the many bars which are located nearby. Old men teach their grandkids the patient art of fishing, while runners trace loops around the boardwalk. ___52___Currently, designs are being drafted for an underground tunnel to allow the water to pass through the city’s centre. It is hoped that the project will be completed by 2026 when Milan is set to co-host the Winter Olympics.A．It will help the Milanese to live better lives.B．We have to see the re-opening as a big project for redeveloping the city.C．Think of almost any major inland city and there’s a big river to go with it.D．Others sat in cafes, sipping coffee while gazing out at the city’s shoppers.E．In more recent years, there has been a new energy around Navigli, which flows from the Darsena (meaning “dock”).F．Its ongoing popularity long after the Expo has led to an ambitious project to completely re-open Milan’s Inner Ring. IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.（2022秋·上海·高一上海市控江中学校考期末）When you hear the final whistleOne of the hardest things for any sportsperson to do is to know when to retire. But even harder is finding the answer to the question “What am I going to do with the rest of my life?”Some sportspeople go on playing too long. Perhaps they just can’t stand life without the “high” of playing professional sport. Michael Jordan, the greatest basketball player of all time retired three times. He retired once from the Chicago Bulls, made a successful comeback with the Bulls, then retired again. His second comeback with an inferior team ended in failure and he retired forever at the age of 38. Jordan said, “There will never be anything I do that will fulfill me as much as competing did.”Others can’t resist the chance of one last “pay day”. Muhammad Ali needed the money, but his comeback fight, at the age of 39, against Trevor Berbick, was one of the saddest spectacles in modern sport. After losing to Berbick, Ali retired permanently. Three years later he developed Parkinson’s disease.For some people, the pain of retirement never leaves them. As Jimmy Greaves, an ex-England international footballer said, “I think that a lot of players would prefer to be shot once their career is over.” Many of them spend their retirement in a continual battle against depression, alcohol, or drugs.But for the lucky few, retirement can mean a successful new career. Franz Beckenbauer is a classical example of a footballer who won everything with his club, Bayern Muaich. After retiring he became a successful coach with Bayern and finally president of the club. John McEnroe, the infamous “bad boy” of tennis, is now a highly respected and highly paid TV commentator. But sadly, for most sportspeople these cases are the exceptions.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets54．（2023秋·上海·高一华东师范大学第三附属中学校考期末）参加体育活动很有可能会缓解精神压力。(likely)  55．（2023秋·上海·高一上海市晋元高级中学校考期末）抱怨网络对热爱冒险的青少年的消极影响是无意义的。(point; impact)(汉译英) 56．（2023秋·上海·高一上海市宜川中学校考期末）就教师而言，没有什么比能看到学生取得进步更令人高兴的了。(than)  57．（2023秋·上海·高一上海师大附中校考期末）一些品牌之所以能够在激烈的竞争中存活下来是因为它们愿意迎接挑战。(survive)  VI.Guided Writing  (共25分)Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese（2022秋·上海金山·高一上海市金山中学校考期末）58．假如你是王小明，你们学校在招募英语夏令营的成员，请你用英语写一份申请 。申请的开头和结尾已经给出。内容应包括：1.你参加这次活动的目的；2.你的兴趣、爱好和特长。提示词语：文化交流 cultural exchange;  夏令营 summer campDear Sir/Madam,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Wang Xiaoming