黑龙江省鹤岗市工农区鹤岗市第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期5月期中英语试题

这是一份黑龙江省鹤岗市工农区鹤岗市第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期5月期中英语试题，共16页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年度下学期高二期中考试
英 语 试 题
（满分150分 时间 120分钟）
第I卷
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man doing?
A. Making a complaint. B. Arranging work. C. Giving some advice.
2. Who is the boy probably talking to?
A. His aunt. B. His sister. C. His classmate.
3. What is the man satisfied with about the movie?
A. The plot. B. The actor. C. The box office,
4. How does the man sound?
A. Pleased. B. Amazed. C. Strict.
5. How long does the man sleep every day?
A. 7 hours. B. 8 hours. C. 9 hours.

第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. At which crossroads should the woman tum left?
A. The first one. B. The second one. C. The third one.
7. What is the woman probably going to do next?
A. Buy some books. B. Head for a school. C. Go to Peace Street.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why is the man surprised?
A. Leo won first place in a competition.
B. Leo is very good at sports.
C. Leo is only interested in studying.
9. Where are the speakers likely to go next?
A. To the playground. B. To the office. C. To the classroom.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Which season does the man like best?
A. Winter. B. Spring. C. Autumn.
11. What does the woman say about the weather in her country?
A. It isn’t very cold in winter.
B. It isn’t hot in summer.
C. It often snows in winter.
12. How often do hurricanes occur in the woman’s country?
A. About once every two years.
B. About once a year.
C. About three times a year.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the woman probably feel at first?
A. Confused. B. Curious. C. Anxious.
14. Why is the woman unwilling to seek help from Jack?
A. They argued with each other.
B. He isn’t professional.
C. He doesn’t have time.
15. Who is probably the man?
A. A writer. B. A teacher. C. A student.
16. What does the woman plan to do today?
A. Start to write a new novel.
B Complete her task.
C. See a movie with the man.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. In which country did Take Our Daughters to Work Day start?
A. Britain. B. Germany. C. The United States.
18. Who can enjoy Take Our Daughters to Work Day?
A A l0-year-old girl. B. A 13-year-old girl. C. A l6-year-old girl.
19. What is the purpose of Take Our Daughters to Work Day?
A. To help the girls build self-confidence.
B. To make the girls know about various jobs.
C. To let the girls get to know their parents better.
20. What is Zarina’s mother?
A. A manager. B. A nurse. C. A lawyer.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Unsolved Mysteries About the Planet Earth
◆Mystery 1: Where did all the water come from?
Water covers 70 percent of Earth’s surface and earns it the nickname “the blue planet”. And where did it come from? The most popular scientific theory states that the water came from several violent asteroids (小行星) filled with ice. Another suggests that the water actually has been around since Earth’s formation. However it happened, though, it’s certainly worked out well for Earth’s life forms.

◆Mystery 2 :What about all the oxygen?
Another thing is the planet’s oxygen. Tiny creatures released oxygen as a waste product, filling the atmosphere with it. After that, the level of oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere went wildly up and down until it finally calmed down around 540 million years ago. Since then, it’s remained at about the breathable level we experience today. But what caused it to be suddenly steady?

◆Mystery 3: What caused the Cambrian (寒武纪) Explosion?
The Cambrian Explosion refers to the explosion of complex life forms that occurred on Earth about 540 million years ago. Before then, life had consisted mostly of bacteria. But at the beginning of the Cambrian period, complex creatures began developing at a rate never seen before. Suddenly, life forms had brains, eyes, and bones. Most living creatures today can trace their blood back to the Cambrian period.

◆Mystery 4: Will we ever be able to predict earthquakes?
We still haven’t been able to come up with a way to accurately predict earthquakes. We can certainly try, but our current technology cannot predict them exactly. We know that earthquakes start when rocks crack underground and send earthquake waves toward the surface, but we haven’t figured out why that happens, or how to predict it.

21．Which of the following is true according to the text?
A．Earth is called the blue star because of water coverage.
B．The level of oxygen has been steady all the time.
C．Complex creatures had rapid development after the Cambrian period.
D．We know nothing about predicting earthquakes.
22．Which of the following is true about Mystery 4?
A．It is the oldest mystery of the four.
B．It will be solved in the near future.
C．It is the most difficult mystery to solve.
D．It is a matter that is of practical significance.
23．Where is this text most likely from?
A．A diary. B．A geography book.
C．A novel. D．A magazine.

B
I look forward to my half hour train ride to work every morning. I can look out of the window as it twists and turns itself through neighborhoods with the sun casting its strong lighting on the floor of the train car. I sometimes get lost in thought while following the light. But the reason I love this ride is that it’s a reminder of how neighborhoods can change from block to block.
For almost a year now I have been riding this train as I head into the office where I work as a reporter for a local magazine. I am one of 13 journalists who help report community news in areas that are often forgotten. And for me, that means covering areas like the one I grew up in.
Last week, as I was on the way to my office, I started wondering how neighborhoods have changed since the 2008 housing crisis. I searched addresses on the city’s southwest side, a neighborhood that has seen a significant number of residential homes pulled down, I scanned the street views recorded on my phone and saw how the neighborhood looked in 2007. Then I set out to visit the city block, and that’s when I met 3-year-old Harmony.
Harmony loved collecting rocks for me to hold as I walked down the street with her mother, Marquita. I already knew what the neighborhood looked like in the past, but Marquita shared more details of the people who once lived on her block, who were really friendly to each other. However, people today in the neighborhood are busy with life and seldom say hello to each other. Marquita has lived on this block her entire life, and Harmony has for most of her short life as well. But the neighborhood that Marquita grew up in will be one obviously different than the one Harmony will grow to know.
In the end, they smiled at my camera. And then I got back on the train and headed back to the office to tell their stories.

24．What makes the author love his train ride to work?
A．Being lost in thought.
B．Admiring the outside views.
C．Enjoying the warm sunshine.
D．Knowing the change of blocks.
25．How did the author find out what the city’s southwest side looked like in the past?
A．By reading earlier reports.
B．By interviewing local people.
C．By watching past street views.
D．By searching his memories.
26．How might Marquita feel when she talked with the author?
A．Sad. B．Nervous.
C．Touched. D．Confused.
27．What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To share a pleasant train ride with us.
B．To tell us the work of a news reporter.
C．To show us a crowded community.
D．To introduce a new neighborhood.

C
Hermit crabs are nature’s recyclers. They eat waste and help keep oceans and shores clean. Unlike other crabs, the hermit crab has a thin outer shell over its soft tail. This makes the hermit crab easy prey for hungry predators. Hermit crabs stay safe by living in old seashells. A hermit crab is picky; it tries on many shells until it finds one that fits just right. In recent years, however, many hermit crabs have had trouble finding their perfect homes. What is the problem? There are not enough shells to go around!
One reason for the seashell shortage is that ocean water is not as clean as it once was. This has caused chemical changes to sea water. Some sea animals, like snails, are affected by these changes. Now there are fewer snails making shells. People visiting the beach often take shells home as souvenirs. This is another problem. Other people even take shells for their own pet hermit crabs! They do not realize that hermit crabs in the wild need those shells too.
Now people are working to solve this hermit crab housing shortage. They are teaching beach-Boers to leave seashells where they belong — at the seashore! Some people even make fake seashells that they hope the hermit crabs will like. For example, a group called Project Shelter invited people who visited their website to create different designs for hermit crab shells.
These designers had a lot to consider. What kind of material should be used to build a seashells. The material must be light enough for the hermit crab to carry, but strong enough to protect the crab from predators. The man-made shells could not contain glue or any other substance that might harm a hermit crab. Another challenge with building a hermit crab home was the opening to the shell. Too big would mean the crab would not feel safe. Too small would be uncomfortable, and the crab would not want to move in.
The Project Shelter shells are placed in the wild for hermit crabs to find. Lucky hermit crabs can move into these new dream homes.
28．Where can hermit crabs stay safe?
A．In different old seashells. B．Behind the waste they’ll eat.
C．In their own thin outer shells. D．Under the stones at the seashore.
29．According to the passage, what should be put in the webs?

A．The methods to recycle the wastes. B．The ways to help the hermit crabs.
C．The materials of seashells. D．The designs of websites.
30．What does the underlined word “fake” in Para. 3 mean?
A．man-made B．perfect C．hard D．comfortable
31．What is the passage mainly about?
A．The Project Shelter Group. B．The shortage of the seashell.
C．New homes for hermit crabs. D．The recyclers of the nature.

D
An important life lesson that I’ve drawn from running is to run at my own pace. It has guided me in many ways. In particular, it made me challenge the fixed expectations of retirement and aging.
Running is a metaphor (隐喻) for life. I realized this while training for a marathon to celebrate my 60th birthday. All the other runners being faster than me made me embarrassed. But my coach shared some valuable advice; run at your own best pace. Setting a goal or target time could be a limitation. He was right. Over time, I ran more easily and faster. I also enjoyed the experience much more.
I have applied this principle to other areas of my life. Finding a rhythm is not about efficiency or how many things I can get done in a day. It has more to do with what I decide to do at this stage in my life.
Running carries its own set of expectations, including what it means to be a strong runner. But expectations also extend to other areas of life, including what people at certain life stages should be doing or not doing. Expectations at my age can center on how leisure time is spent, decisions about employment, and even the role of a grandmother.
I used to think it was young people who bore peer pressure, but it’s easy to view retirement as another occupation with benchmarks (基准) to be met. We often make what someone else does the reference point. It’s a comparison trap.
Forget what others are doing. Their pace is not necessarily the pace you should run at. Run in your own way. It’s not better or worse — only different.

32．What does the author intend to tell in paragraph 2?
A．The origin of a life principle. B．Her misunderstanding of running.
C．The importance of life expectations. D．Her unpleasant training experience.
33．What does the author think about life expectations?
A．They are vital for retired people. B．They vary at different life stages.
C．They cover every decision in life. D．They are usually too high to fulfill.
34．What can we infer from paragraph 5?
A．Young people often compete with old people.
B．Retired people take up bad occupations.
C．Retired people are also under peer pressure.
D．A comparison trap makes young people stronger.
35．What message does the author mainly want to convey?
A．Retirement can’t stop old people’s dreams.
B．People should live life to the fullest.
C．People should live at their own speed.
D．Running at a fixed pace is beneficial to retired people.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

People have been playing rock, paper, scissors for about 2,000 years. It’s played everywhere. Many people think the game is all luck: their probability of winning seems about the same as their chances of losing. ____36____ There are patterns in how people make decisions. Although knowing the psychology of this game isn’t a sure ticket to winning a match, it can help.
The game is mainly about predicting and reading your opponents. ____37____ Research has shown that there is a slight preference for people to begin by playing rock. There are different theories about why — it could be because it is mentioned first in the name of the game, or it could be because rock is similar to a fist which seems powerful. Thus, if we know that, it gives us an edge — just play paper.
____38____ Research shows that people who lose a hand tend to change. So there is a reasonable chance that our opponents will change to scissors or paper. That gives us our second edge — just play scissors and we should either win or draw. But this isn’t an exact science. What if it doesn’t go to plan and your opponents win? ____39____.
If we lose the previous hand then our opponents might reasonably expect us to switch to something else. ____40____. Hopefully, they’ll switch, expecting us to switch, and it should improve our chances. Maybe sometimes the less predictable you are, the better chance you have of winning.

A．But the outcome of the game is not random.
B．So what if you could predict their first hand?
C．Perhaps they know a bit of game strategy too.
D．If our opponents lose, they’ll probably switch.
E．“Practice, practice, practice” is the key to success.
F．This gives us our final edge — surprise them by not switching.
G．Look for patterns in either your opponent’s moves or behavior.

第三部分 英语知识运用 （共三节，满分40分）
第一节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I’ve heard that it’s better to give than to receive. But I’m here to tell you that the ___41___ of receiving should never be underestimated(低估).
I was nine when my Dad and Mom ___42___, and took me to my grandparents. I decided at that age, in my loneliness and anger that I’d become fiercely ___43___, needing no one.
Believe it or not, I took care of everyone in my life, even when I was in worse shape. Once in a while, ___44___, someone would do something for me at just the moment.
Once, when I was a single parent, I took my son to see Santa Claus.When he ___45___ me to buy the photo that was taken, I opened my wallet, only to find that I didn’t have enough money. When I got to the counter to ___46___ the photo, I was told that someone inline ahead of me had seen me ___47___ my change and had paid for me. I rushed out to thank the person whose small kindness ___48___ so much. I found no one in sight. I wanted to ___49___ that I didn’t need this and I just didn’t have enough cash on that day. I ___50___ then that it’s okay. It’s okay to let someone do something for me, ___51___ I could have done it myself.
I have received the blessings (祝福) of those whose acts of kindness and ___52___ have found me when I needed them most. I believe that it’s not about my strength and independence. It’s about allowing the giver to be blessed when the gift is graciously(优雅地) ___53___. For me, it’s about a long-lost little girl who is no longer ___54___. Now I know that ___55___and receiving are two halves of a whole, each incomplete without the other.
41．A．strength B．power C．force D．energy
42．A．signed up B．set out C．moved out D．made up
43．A．awkward B．confident C．lonely D．independent
44．A．therefore B．though C．instead D．otherwise
45．A．requested B．commanded C．registered D．exchanged
46．A．return B．scan C．share D．copy
47．A．saving B．spending C．paying D．counting
48．A．changed B．meant C．owed D．gave
49．A．promise B．challenge C．insist D．admit
50．A．impressed B．attracted C．made D．realized
51．A．as if B．only if C．even if D．if ever
52．A．honour B．determination C．generosity D．arrangement
53．A．received B．delivered C．recognized D．packed
54．A．tough B．alone C．anxious D．frightened
55．A．accepting B．keeping C．leaving D．giving

第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个词（冠词，介词，代词或连词），或在空白处填入单词的正确形式。

It can take a little imagination to see how some innovations might change an economy. Not so with the latest AI tools. It is easy — from a writer’s perspective, uncomfortably so — ___56___(think) of contexts in which something like ChatGPT, a clever chatbot which___57___(take) the web by storm since its release in November 2022, could either dramatically boost a human worker’s productivity or replace them outright. The ChatGPT in its name stands for “generative pre-trained transformer”, ___58___ is a particular kind of language model.
___59___(feed) huge amounts of human-created text, ChatGPT looks for statistical regularities in this data, learns what words and phrases __60___(associate) with others and therefore predict what words should come next in any given sentence and ___61___ sentences fit together. The result is a machine that can persuasively mimic (模仿) human language.
This capacity ___62___ mimicry allows ChatGPT to write essays and poetry, think up jokes, formulate code, and answer questions whether to a child or an expert. Its performance is so astonishing ___63___ many over the past months have been both celebrating and panicking. “Essays are dead,” wrote the cognitive scientist Tim Kietzmann. Others claim that it will finish off Google as a search engine. And the program ___64___ thinks it may be able to replace humans in jobs from insurance agent to court reporter.
Nevertheless, there is an ____65____(underlie) problem that faces any form of artificial intelligence. A computer manipulates (处理) symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules with which to transform one string of symbols into another, or to recognize statistical patterns. But it does not specify what those symbols or patterns mean. To a computer, meaning is irrelevant ChatGPT “knows” what appears meaningful to humans, but not what is meaningful to itself.

第II卷
第四部分：书面表达（满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假如你是校学生会主席李华，你校正在开展主题为“Lifelong learning”的活动，请你用英语写一封倡议书。内容包括：
1. 终身学习的重要性；
2. 终身学习的方法；
3. 发出倡议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 开头已为你写好。
Dear fellow students,
As the President of the School Student Union, I call upon all of you to embrace lifelong learning.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Sincerely,
Li Hua, President of the School Student Union

第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

At the age of 17, I formed a band with three classmates. After we won the first prize at our school’s talent show, we decided to see if we could get some local performances. When we found out we’d gotten booked for a charitable event at a large hospital, we were excited. For two weeks, we practiced hard, getting together every day after school to sharpen our skills and learn enough songs to fill a one-hour show.
On the day of the concert, we showed up early to check out the stage. We set up and did a quick sound check, then went backstage to have a soda and rest. While we were back there, the hospital’s entertainment director came over to talk to us.
“Okay, boys, I just want to fill you in on a couple of important details,” she told us. “A lot of the people in the audience are suffering from severe physical or mental disabilities. Also, many of them are very old. Don’t let that alarm you. They have very few chances to see live entertainment of any kind, so they enjoy any kind of musical talent. Just play your regular show, and you’ll do fine.” With that, she left, going to help the volunteers and staff that were assisting the patients to their seats.
Soon enough, it was showtime. Everything was perfect, and we played probably the best show of our lives. We hardly missed a note on any of our songs. Unfortunately, we couldn’t enjoy our performance. As each song finished, there was a short pause. This was the time when the audience would normally applaud. Now, we were getting nothing. Zero. The deafening silence only made us more determined to win the audience over. We tried harder. Loud songs, soft songs, it made no difference. After forty-five minutes, we decided to end our performance early. Why bother finishing when no one was appreciating us anyway? We unplugged (拔去) our instruments and went backstage.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A moment later, the entertainment director ran back to us.________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Returning to the stage, we played our final three songs.__________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________










答案及详解
听力答案
1-5 AABCB 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. B
13. C 14. A 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. C (听力原文附在最后)
阅读答案
21．C 22．D 23．B
24．D 25．C 26．A 27．B
28．A 29．B 30．A 31．C
32．A 33．B 34．C 35．C
36．A 37．B 38．D 39．C 40．F
41．B 42．C 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．A 47．D 48．B 49．C 50．D 51．C 52．C 53．A 54．B 55．D
56．to think 57．has taken 58．which 59．Fed 60．are associated 61．how 62．for 63．that 64．itself 65．underlying
66．Dear fellow students,
As the president of the school student union, I call upon all of you to embrace lifelong learning. Lifelong learning is essential in today’s society. The rapid development of technology and the ever-changing job market require individuals to constantly acquire new knowledge and skills. By embracing lifelong learning, we can stay relevant, enhance our competitiveness, and adapt to the changing environment.
We can adopt various methods to achieve lifelong learning, such as attending courses, workshops, reading books and articles, participating in online learning platforms, and seeking guidance from mentors.
Let’s make continuous learning a part of our lives and benefit ourselves and society.
Sincerely,
Li Hua, President of the School Student Union
【导语】这是一篇应用文。校正在开展主题为“Lifelong learning”的活动，要求考生用英语写一封倡议书。
【详解】1.机会积累
重要的：essential→important/vital
获得：acquire→gain
加强：enhance→strengthen
参加：participate in→take part in
2.句型拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We can adopt various methods to achieve lifelong learning, such as attending courses, workshops, reading books and articles, participating in online learning platforms, and seeking guidance from mentors.
拓展句：To achieve lifelong learning, we can adopt various methods, which include attending courses, workshops, reading books and articles, participating in online learning platforms, and seeking guidance from mentors.
【点睛】[高分句型1]The rapid development of technology and the ever-changing job market require individuals to constantly acquire new knowledge and skills. （运用了不定式作宾补）
[高分句型2]We can adopt various methods to achieve lifelong learning, such as attending courses, workshops, reading books and articles, participating in online learning platforms, and seeking guidance from mentors.（运用了不定式作目的状语）
67．参考答案
A moment later, the entertainment director ran back to us. She asked us why we didn’t finish the show as promised. We told her how embarrassed we felt when we played in front of complete silence. We also expressed our concern that they must dislike us. “What are you talking about?” asked the director, “I’ve been talking to them. They love you so much.” It turned out that they just didn’t know they were supposed to clap. Or they simply couldn’t do so due to severe physical or mental disabilities. All of us stared at her in disbelief, and we decided to keep our word and finish the show.
Returning to the stage, we played our final three songs. Finally, with the show over, we began packing up our instruments. We had still received no applause. However, as we were to leave, at least fifty people crowded onto the stage. All of them wanted to thank us; some shook our hands, and some surrounded us with a wide grin. Several told us that we were the best band that had played for them in years. We couldn’t believe it. We never felt as good as we did that one special night.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了17岁时，作者和三个同学组成了一个乐队，在他们学校的才艺表演中获得一等奖后，他们被一家大型医院预订了慈善活动，他们做了充足的准备，但是观众中的很多人都患有严重的身体或精神残疾，在演出的过程中，他们没有收到预期的观众反馈，沉默的演出环境，让他们感到很挫败，他们决定提前结束演出，既然没有人欣赏他们，为什么还要费心完成呢？他们拔掉乐器的电源，来到后台。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“过了一会儿，娱乐总监跑回我们身边。”可知，第一段可描写娱乐总监过来询问为什么提前结束演出，作者做出解释，他们进行了沟通，打算按照计划完成演出。
②由第二段首句内容“回到舞台，我们演奏了最后三首歌。”可知，第二段可描写作者和成员按照计划完成了演出，观众们上台表达感谢。
2.续写线索：询问原因——做出解释——进行沟通——计划完成演出——完成演出——观众达感谢——感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①完成：finish/complete
②表达：express/convey
③决定：decide/resolve/determine
情绪类
①尴尬的：embarrassed/awkward
②感谢：thank/gratitude
【点睛】[高分句型1] She asked us why we didn’t finish the show as promised. (运用了why引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] We told her how embarrassed we felt when we played in front of complete silence. (运用了how引导的宾语从句和when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型3]Finally, with the show over, we began packing up our instruments. (运用了动名词作宾语)

阅读详解
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球的四个未解之谜。
21．细节理解题。根据文章内容第一段“Water covers 70 percent of Earth’s surface and earns it the nickname “the blue planet”.(水覆盖了地球表面70%的面积，使它获得了“蓝色星球”的称号)”可知，地球是行星，被称为 the blue planet而不是star；根据第二段“After that, the level of oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere went wildly up and down until it finally calmed down around 540 million years ago.(在那之后，地球大气中的氧气水平剧烈地上下波动，直到大约5.4亿年前才最终平静下来)”可知，氧气的浓度五亿多年前稳定下来；根据最后一段“We still haven’t been able to come up with a way to accurately predict earthquakes.(我们还没能想出准确预测地震的方法)”可知，我们对地震有一定了解，但还无法准确预测；故ABD 项均有误。根据 Mystery3中“But at the beginning of the Cambrian period, complex creatures began developing at a rate never seen before.(但在寒武纪初期，复杂生物开始以前所未见的速度发展)”可知，生物进化在寒武纪时期后迅速加快。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据最后一段“We know that earthquakes start when rocks crack underground and send earthquake waves toward the surface, but we haven’t figured out why that happens ,or how to predict it.(我们知道地震发生在岩石在地下破裂并将地震波传递到地表时，但我们还不知道为什么会发生，也不知道如何预测)”可知，能不能准确地预报地震这个问题具有极其现实的意义，对人类目前来说生死攸关，所以选项D的描述正确。故选D。
23．推理判断题。综观全文，尤其根据文中的关键词earth和标题“Unsolved Mysteries About the Planet Earth (关于地球的未解之谜)”可推知，此文最有可能来自地理书。故选B。

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者作为一名新闻工作者的日常所见、所思、所想，以及工作日常。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“But the reason I love this ride is that it’s a reminder of how neighborhoods can change from block to block.(但我喜欢这段旅程的原因是它提醒了我街区之间是如何变化的)”可知，作者喜欢坐火车去上班是因为可以了解街区的变化。故选D项。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“I searched addresses on the city’s southwest side, a neighborhood that has seen a significant number of residential homes pulled down, I scanned the street views recorded on my phone and saw how the neighborhood looked in 2007.(我搜索了纽约市西南侧的地址，那里有大量住宅被拆除，我浏览了手机上记录的街景，看看这个社区2007年的样子)”可知，作者是通过查看过去的街景才发现城市的西南侧在过去是什么样子的。故选C项。
30．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段二、三句“I already knew what the neighborhood looked like in the past, but Marquita shared more details of the people who once lived on her block, who were really friendly to each other. However, people today in the neighborhood are busy with life and seldom say hello to each other.(我已经知道这个社区过去的样子，但玛姬塔分享了更多曾经住在她那个街区的人的细节，他们彼此都很友好。然而，今天附近的人都忙于生活，很少互相打招呼)”可知，现在的街区已与玛姬塔当年生活的样子不同，现在的人很少互相打招呼。由此推知，如果玛姬塔与作者交谈，她应该是感到难过的。故选A项。
31．推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句“For almost a year now I have been riding this train as I head into the office where I work as a reporter for a local magazine.(近一年来，我一直乘坐这列火车前往我为当地一家杂志工作的办公室)”以及最后一段“In the end, they smiled at my camera. And then I got back on the train and headed back to the office to tell their stories.(最后，他们对着我的相机笑了。然后我回到火车上，回到办公室，讲述他们的故事)”可推知，本文的主要目的是为了介绍作者作为一名记者的日常工作。故选B项。

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是寄居蟹生存的贝壳越来越少是现状及人类努力为它们建的新家。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Hermit crabs stay safe by living in old seashells.(寄居蟹靠住在旧贝壳里来保持安全)”可知，寄居蟹在不同的古老贝壳中安身。故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Now people are working to solve this hermit crab housing shortage. They are teaching beach-Boers to leave seashells where they belong-at the seashore! Some people even make fake seashells that they hope the hermit crabs will like.(现在人们正在努力解决寄居蟹的住房短缺问题。他们正在教海滩布尔人把贝壳留在他们该留在的地方——在海边！有些人甚至制作假贝壳，希望寄居蟹会喜欢)”且结合文章结构是先提出问题——寄居蟹的家园日益减少；然后分析原因；下面就应该是想办法解决问题。可知，“帮助寄居蟹的方法”应该被放在框架里。故选B。
26．词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“For example, a group called Project Shelter invited people who visited their website to create different designs for hermit crab shells.”可知，例如，一个名为Project Shelter的组织邀请访问他们网站的人为寄居蟹壳设计不同的图案。由此推知有些人甚至制作假贝壳，希望寄居蟹会喜欢。故fake意思是“假的，人造的”。故选A。
27．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The Project Shelter shells are placed in the wild for hermit crabs to find.Lucky hermit crabs can move into these new dream homes.(“庇护所计划”的贝壳被放置在野外，供寄居蟹寻找。幸运的寄居蟹可以搬进这些新的梦想家园)”再结合文章讲述的是寄居蟹生存的贝壳越来越少是现状及人类努力为它们建的新家。可知，本文讲述的是寄居蟹的新家。故选C。

32．A 33．B 34．C 35．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了作者认为每个人的人生应该有自己的节奏，而不是按照别人的期望生活。
32．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Running is a metaphor (隐喻) for life. I realized this while training for a marathon to celebrate my 60th birthday. All the other runners being faster than me made me embarrassed. But my coach shared some valuable advice; run at your own best pace. Setting a goal or target time could be a limitation. He was right. Over time, I ran more easily and faster. I also enjoyed the experience much more.(跑步是人生的一种隐喻。我是在为庆祝我60岁生日的马拉松训练时意识到这一点的。所有其他跑者都比我快，这让我很尴尬。但我的教练分享了一些有价值的建议；以你自己最好的速度跑。设定目标或目标时间可能是一种限制。他是对的。随着时间的推移，我跑得更轻松、更快了。我也更喜欢这段经历)”可知，作者在第2段想说生命原理的起源。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段“Running carries its own set of expectations, including what it means to be a strong runner. But expectations also extend to other areas of life, including what people at certain life stages should be doing or not doing. Expectations at my age can center on how leisure time is spent, decisions about employment, and even the role of a grandmother.(跑步有它自己的一套期望，包括成为一名强壮的跑步者意味着什么。但期望也延伸到生活的其他领域，包括人们在某些生命阶段应该做什么或不应该做什么。在我这个年纪，人们的期望可能集中在如何度过闲暇时间、决定就业，甚至是扮演祖母的角色)”可知，作者认为生活期望在不同的人生阶段有所不同。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据第五段“I used to think it was young people who bore peer pressure, but it’s easy to view retirement as another occupation with benchmarks (基准) to be met.(我过去认为是年轻人承受着同辈压力，但很容易把退休看作是另一种需要达到标准的职业)”可推知，退休人员也面临同辈压力。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Forget what others are doing. Their pace is not necessarily the pace you should run at. Run in your own way. It’s not better or worse — only different.(忘记别人在做什么。他们的速度不一定是你应该跑的速度。用你自己的方式奔跑。没有好坏之分，只是不同而已)”可推知，作者主要想传达的信息是人们应该按照自己的节奏生活。故选C。
36．A 37．B 38．D 39．C 40．F

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“剪刀、石头、布”游戏中的策略。
36．上文“Many people think the game is all luck: their probability of winning seems about the same as their chances of losing.(许多人认为游戏全靠运气：他们赢的概率和输的概率似乎是一样的)”提出，这个游戏全靠运气，下文“There are patterns in how people make decisions. Although knowing the psychology of this game isn’t a sure ticket to winning a match, it can help.(人们做决定是有模式的。虽然了解这场比赛的心理并不是赢得比赛的保证，但它会有所帮助)”却讲这个游戏并不全是运气，人们做决定有一定的模式，掌握其心理学模式也会有帮助，上下文之前有转折关系。A项“But the outcome of the game is not random.(但是游戏的结果并不是随机的)”承上启下，否定上文的说法，引出下文的方法。故选A项。
37．下文“Research has shown that there is a slight preference for people to begin by playing rock. There are different theories about why-it could be because it is mentioned first in the name of the game, or it could be because rock is similar to a fist which seems powerful.(研究表明，人们更倾向于从“石头”开始。关于这个原因有不同的理论——可能是因为它在游戏名称中首先被提到，或者可能是因为“石头”与拳头相似，看起来很有力)”提出在游戏中人们喜欢先出“石头”并分析了其原因，是对B项“So what if you could predict their first hand?(那么，如果你能直接预测他们第一手要出什么呢?)”这一问题的回复，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
38．下文“Research shows that people who lose a hand tend to change. So there is a reasonable chance that our opponents will change to scissors or paper. That gives us our second edge — just play scissors and we should either win or draw.(研究表明，输了一手的人往往会改变。所以我们的对手很有可能会换成剪刀或布。这给了我们第二个优势，只要出剪刀，我们要么获胜，要么平局)”详细分析了对手输了第一手后会做出的调整并给出了应对的策略，承接了D项“If our opponents lose, they’ll probably switch.(如果我们的对手输了，他们可能会改变)”假设对手输了的情况，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
39．上文“What if it doesn’t go to plan and your opponents win?(如果事情没有按计划进行，你的对手赢了怎么办？)”假设对手没有按我们预计出招的情况，C项“Perhaps they know a bit of game strategy too.(也许他们也知道一些游戏策略)”解释了原因，因为他们可能也知道这种策略，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
40．上文“If we lose the previous hand then our opponents might reasonably expect us to switch to something else.(如果我们输掉了之前的一手，那么我们的对手有理由会期待我们改变出招)”承接上一段中对手可能也知道这种策略的情况，假设他们会预判我们在输掉第一手后会做出改变，F项“This gives us our final edge — surprise them by not switching.(这给了我们最后的优势——不变，出其不意)”针对对手的预判，给出策略：不变，上下文语意连贯。且句中“our final edge”与第二段中“an edge”、第三段中“our second edge”相照应。故选F项。

41．B 42．C 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．A 47．D 48．B 49．C 50．D 51．C 52．C 53．A 54．B 55．D

【导语】本文是篇记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历，表达了给予和接受是一个整体的两个部分，缺一不可，接受的力量是不容低估的。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我在这里要告诉你，接受的力量永远不应该被低估。A. strength体力；B. power力量、权力；C. force武力；D. energ能量。根据前文“I’ve heard that it’s better to give than to receive. ”（我听说给予比接受更有价值。）和本句的“But”可知，本句表达了接受也是很有价值的意思，说明接受的力量是不容低估的。故选B。
42．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我九岁的时候，爸爸妈妈搬了出去，把我带到爷爷奶奶家。A. signed up 注册；B. set out 出发；C. moved out搬出去；D. made up编造、化妆。根据下文的“ I decided at that age, in my loneliness and anger that I’d become fiercely 　　3　　, needing no one.”（在那个年纪，在孤独和愤怒中，我决定要变得非常独立，不需要任何人）和本句“took me to my grandparents”可知，作者父母应该是搬出去住了，所以使作者感到很孤独和愤怒，决定变得独立。故选C。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那个年纪，在孤独和愤怒中，我决定要变得非常独立，不需要任何人。A. awkward尴尬的、笨拙的；B. confident有信心的；C. lonely孤独的；D. independent独立的。根据句中“needing no one”和句意可知，作者决定变得独立，不需要任何人。故选D。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，偶尔也会有人在某个时刻为我做点什么。A. therefore所以；B. though然而、但是；C. instead反而；D. otherwise否则。根据上一句“Believe it or not, I took care of everyone in my life, even when I was in worse shape.”（信不信由你，我照顾了我生命中的每一个人，即使在我身体更糟的时候。）可知，与本句之间为转折关系。故选B。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他请求我购买拍摄的照片时，我打开钱包，却发现我没有足够的钱。A. requested请求；B. commanded命令；C. registered登记；D. exchanged交换。根据上文“Once, when I was a single parent, I took my son to see Santa Claus.”（有一次，当我还是单亲妈妈的时候，我带儿子去看圣诞老人。）可知，这里是作者的儿子想让她买下拍摄的照片，用“请求”符合语境。故选A。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 当我到柜台去还照片时，我被告知前面有人看到我数零钱，并帮我付了钱。A. return归还；B. scan扫描；C. share分享；D. copy复印。根据第5小题的“I opened my wallet, only to find that I didn’t have enough money.”（我打开钱包，却发现我没有足够的钱。）可知，作者钱不够，没法购买照片，所以应该是去柜台归还照片。故选A。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 当我到柜台去还照片时，我被告知前面有人看到我数零钱，并帮我付了钱。A. saving拯救；B. spending花费、度过；C. paying支付；D. counting数数。根据第5小题的“I opened my wallet, only to find that I didn’t have enough money.”（我打开钱包，却发现我没有足够的钱。）并结合本句句意可知，应该是有人看到作者打开钱包数零钱的时候发现钱不够，所以替她付了款。故选D。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我冲出去感谢这个人，因为他的小小善举意义重大。A. changed变化、改变；B. meant意味着、对某人重要；C. owed欠；D. gave给予。根据句意和文章内容可知，这个人的一个小小的善举给作者带来了温暖和感动，对她非常重要。故选B。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想坚持说我不需要这个，那天我只是没有足够的现金。A. promise承诺；B. challenge挑战；C. insist坚持；D. admit承认。根据上一句“I rushed out to thank the person whose small kindness meant so much. I found no one in sight. ”（我冲出去感谢这个人，因为他的小小善举意，我发现一个人也没有。）及本句句意可知，作者冲出去想要感谢替她付钱的那个人，同时也是想坚持不需要他付这笔钱的，那天没带够钱只是个意外情况。故选C。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到这没什么。A. impressed使留下印象；B. attracted吸引；C. made制作；D. realized意识到。根据下一句“It’s okay to let someone do something for me, 　11　　I could have done it myself.”（让别人为我做一些事没关系，即使我自己可以做。）可知，作者意识到了接受别人的给予也是可以的。故选D。
51．考查连词词义辨析。句意：让别人为我做一些事没关系，即使我自己可以做。A. as if 好像；B. only if只有……才……；C. even if 即使；D. if ever如果有过的话。根据句意可知，主从两句之间为让步关系。故选C。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我收到了那些在我最需要他们的时候，找到我的善良和慷慨的人的祝福。A. honour荣誉；B. determination决心；C. generosity慷慨、大方；D. arrangement安排。根据第7小题“When I got to the counter to return  the photo, I was told that someone inline ahead of me had seen me counting my change and had paid for me.”（ 当我到柜台去还照片时，我被告知前面有人看到我数零钱，并帮我付了钱。）可知，有人在作者没带够钱的情况下替她买了单，这是一种善良和慷慨的行为。故选C。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是关于当礼物被优雅地接受时，让送礼者得到祝福。A. received收到、接受；B. delivered运送；C. recognized承认；D. packed打包。根据句意和文章内容，作者接受了别人帮她买单的行为，也就是接受了送礼者的礼物。故选A。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这是一个失散多年的小女孩不再是孤身一人的故事。A. tough艰难的；B. alone独自的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. frightened害怕的。根据第二段“I decided at that age, in my loneliness and anger that I’d become fiercely independent, needing no one.”可知，作者很小的时候就曾经是孤独寂寞、独自一人的，而现在她接受了别人的礼物，感到不再是孤身一人了。故选B。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道给予和接受是一个整体的两部分，缺少了另一半，彼此都是不完整的。A. accepting接受；B. keeping保持；C. leaving离开；D. giving给予。根据第一段“But I’m here to tell you that the power of receiving should never be under estimated.”（但我在这里要告诉你，接受的力量永远不应该被低估。）及全文内容可知，文章主要说明了给予和接受同等重要、相辅相成、缺一不可。故选D。

56．to think 57．has taken 58．which 59．Fed 60．are associated 61．how 62．for 63．that 64．itself 65．underlying

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自2022年11月发布以来，ChatGPT在网络上掀起了风暴，它要么可以极大地提高人类工人的工作效率，要么可以完全取代他们。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：从作家的角度来看，很容易想到像ChatGPT这样的智能聊天机器人，自2022年11月发布以来就在网络上掀起了风暴，它要么可以极大地提高人类工人的工作效率，要么可以完全取代他们。此处为it be adj. to do sth.句型，不定式作真正主语。故填to think。
57．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从作家的角度来看，很容易想到像ChatGPT这样的智能聊天机器人，自2022年11月发布以来就在网络上掀起了风暴，它要么可以极大地提高人类工人的工作效率，要么可以完全取代他们。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据后文since its release in November 2022可知用现在完成时，定语从句谓语与先行词a clever chatbot保持一致，助动词用has。故填has taken。
58．考查定语从句。句意：ChatGPT顾名思义就是“生成式预训练转换器”，这是一种特殊的语言模型。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The ChatGPT，从句缺少主语，指物，故填which。
59．考查非谓语动词。句意：在大量的人工文本中，ChatGPT在这些数据中寻找统计规律，学习哪些单词和短语与其他单词和短语相关，从而预测在任何给定的句子中接下来应该出现哪些单词，以及句子如何组合。分析句子结构可知，feed与逻辑主语ChatGPT构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Fed。
60．考查固定短语和时态。句意：在大量的人工文本中，ChatGPT在这些数据中寻找统计规律，学习哪些单词和短语与其他单词和短语相关，从而预测在任何给定的句子中接下来应该出现哪些单词，以及句子如何组合。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，表示“与……相关”可知短语为be associated with，结合上文learns可知为一般现在时，主语words and phrases是复数，谓语用复数形式。故填are associated。
61．考查宾语从句。句意：在大量的人工文本中，ChatGPT在这些数据中寻找统计规律，学习哪些单词和短语与其他单词和短语相关，从而预测在任何给定的句子中接下来应该出现哪些单词，以及句子如何组合。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，应用how。故填how。
62．考查介词。句意：这种模仿能力使ChatGPT能够写文章和诗歌，想出笑话，编写代码，并回答孩子或专家的问题。结合句意表示“……的能力”短语为capacity for ...，故填for。
63．考查固定句型。句意：它的表现如此惊人，以至于在过去的几个月里，许多人既在庆祝，又在恐慌。此处为so…that…句型，表示“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句，故填that。
64．考查代词。句意：该程序本身认为，它可能会取代人类从事从保险代理人到法庭记录员的工作。此处指程序“它本身”应用反身代词itself，作同位语。故填itself。
65．考查形容词。句意：然而，任何形式的人工智能都面临着一个潜在的问题。修饰名词problem应用形容词underlying，作定语。故填underlying。
听力原文

1.【原文】W: Hi, Jim. You look unhappy. What’s up?
M: Well, Kate is not a team player at work. She seldom finishes the work I give her. I don’t know how to work with her.
W: Let me give you some advice.
2. 【原文】M: Is this a picture of you and my dad as kids?
W: Yeah. It reminds me of lots of stories. Our parents were busy when we were kids, so your dad always followed me around.
3. 【原文】M: Oh, the plot of this movie is not good and it isn’t successful at the box office. But I like the leading man in it. His acting is very good.
W: I don’t know much about the actor. Can you recommend some of his other movies to me?
M: Sure.
4. 【原文】M: Ann, you got such a simple question wrong. This isn’t the first time you’ve made such a mistake.
W: But I still got a high mark in the English exam.
M: Don’t be pleased with yourself. You should avoid unnecessary mistakes.
5. 【原文】M: This piece of news says there’s a guy who only needs four hours of sleep a day. I sleep twice as much as he does every day.
W: A study has shown that the amount of sleep a person needs depends on genes. But an average person usually sleeps seven to nine hours a day.

6. C 7. A
【原文】W: Excuse me. I’d like to get to No.8 Middle School. Should I go along this street and turn left at the first crossroads or at the second crossroads? I can’t remember exactly.
M: Neither. You should go to the third crossroads and then turn left.
W: Oh, thanks. Well, is Peace Bookstore near here?
M: Yes. You can turn left here, then walk about 200 meters and you will see it.
W: Great. I’ll go to the store first. Thank you again for your help.

8. B 9. C
【原文】W: Guess what? Leo from our class nearly broke the school record for the high jump. But it’s a pity that he didn’t win first place in the competition.
M: Oh, it’s still amazing! I didn’t realize he was so good at sports.
W: Yeah. I thought he was only interested in studying. I heard that Leo is good at basketball, too. You can invite him to play basketball on the playground next time.
M: Good. Where is he? We should go and congratulate him.
W: I saw him go back to the classroom after he came out of the teacher’s office.
M: Okay. Let’s go.

10. B 11. A 12. B
【原文】W: What a lovely day!
M: Yes. There’s a feeling of spring in the air today. I wish it were spring all year round.
W: You really love spring. I like winter best. What is the weather like here in winter?
M: It’s pretty cold. But it doesn’t snow often. What is the weather like in your country?
W: Summer is a bit hotter than here, but winter isn’t so cold.
M: How about spring and autumn?
W: Lovely, especially in spring.
M: I see. You said you’d seen hurricanes before. Do they often occur in your country?
W: No. About once a year.
M: I’ve never seen a hurricane. It must be scary.
W: Exactly.
M: Oh, it’s seven o’clock now. Let’s listen to the weather report on the radio.

13. C 14. A 15. A 16. B
【原文】M: What’s wrong, Jane?
W: My laptop isn’t working. I have a very important term paper due today.
M: Let me see if I can help. Hmm, I think it’s a big problem. You’d better get it fixed professionally.
W: I don’t have time for that.
M: If Jack were here, he would know how to fix it.
W: Even if he were here, I wouldn’t ask him for help. We had an argument the other day, and we haven’t made it up.
M: You two are always like this. Well, you can use my laptop now and fix yours later.
W: Thank you so much, Harry! You’re a lifesaver! But are you sure you don’t need to use it?
M: Yeah. I won’t use it until next weekend. I’m going to start writing another new novel on my laptop then.
W: OK. I’ll give it back to you when I finish my term paper today. In return, I’d like to invite you to a movie tomorrow.
M: That couldn’t be better!

17. C 18. B 19. A 20. C
【原文】 W: April 27th is Take Our Daughters to Work Day in Britain, which started in America and was brought to Britain in 1994. Take Our Daughters to Work Day has become a special day for girls between 11 and 15. On that day, thousands of girls take a day off school and go together with one of their parents to their work places.
The purpose of this day is to get the girls to believe in themselves. For many years people have thought that boys can do better than girls in society. But in fact, girls can be whatever they want to be just like boys, whether it is a pilot, a nurse or a manager. Green Middle School for Girls in north London has made the day a necessary part of education. Zarina, 15, studying in Green Middle School for Girls, went to her mother’s law office. She found it interesting to see her mother at work. She has always liked this idea of going into law and thinks maybe she will do the same work as her mother later.
If parents believe in their daughters and show examples both at work and at home for them, this will give a lot of help to girls. Take Our Daughters to Work Day is certainly a step in the right direction.