小升初英语语法专项精讲+精练——第13讲：介词（二）

这是一份小升初英语语法专项精讲+精练——第13讲：介词（二），共7页。
小升初语法第14讲：连词（一）知识点讲解与考题精练（有答案） 连词（Conjunction）是用来连接词与词、词组与词组或句子与句子，表示某种逻辑关系的虚词。连词表示并列、转折、选择、因果等关系。如：“You and me.你和我。”“和”就是连词，表示并列。“You or me. 你或者我。”“或者”也是连词，表示选择。连词是一种虚词，不能独立担任句子成分，起前后连接作用，类似桥梁。连词主要分为并列连词和从属连词。【知识点1】连词分类     【知识点2】并列连词并列连词连接有着“并列的，同等语法地位的”单词、词组或句子。根据其在句中所起的作用，可将其分为：并列、转折、选择及因果四类。表示并列（两个共同概念）(1)      and表示“和，与”或者“然后，接着”Let’s sit down and have a rest. 让我们坐下休息一会儿。Lisa and Sarah are good friends. 丽萨和莎拉是好朋友。★ 如连接三个或三个以上的单词和词组，and 一般放在最后一个单词或词组前。如：Tom, Jim and I are playing football now. (2)      both...and...表示“两者都......”Both Lisa and Sarah like dancing. 丽萨和莎拉都喜欢跳舞。A man should have both courage and perseverance. 一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力。★ 由both…and… 构成的词组作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。(3)      not only...but also...表示“不仅......而且”She is not only good-looking but also warm-hearted. 她不仅长的好看，也非常热心。(4)      as well as表示“和....一样”I have read his novels as well as his plays. 我读过他的小说和剧本。The hotel provides breakfast as well as afternoon tea. 酒店不仅提供早餐还提供下午茶。(5)      nor表示“也不”David hasn’t finished the homework, nor have I. 大卫没有完成作业，我也没有。(6)      or用在否定句中，表示“也不”He can’t sing or dance. 他既不会唱歌也不会跳舞。(7)      neither...nor...表示“既不...也不...”It;s neither cold nor hot here. 这里既不冷也不热。表示转折(1)      but表示“但是；然而”The dress is expensive but beautiful. 这件裙子很贵但是很漂亮。(2)      yet表示“可是；然而”She said she would come in advance, yet she came late.她说她会提前来，但是却迟到了。The car was old, yet it was in excellent condition. 这辆车子很旧，但仍处于良好的状态。(3)      or表示“否则，要不然”Hurry up or you will be late. 快点！要不然你要迟到了。表示选择(1)      or表示“或者；还是”Do you like orange juice or strawberry juice? 你想喝橙汁还是草莓汁？(2)      either...or...表示“要么...要么...”You can choose either oranges or apples. 你可选橘子或苹果。表示因果(1)      for表示“因为....的缘故”You’d better put on your sweater, for it’s very cold outside. 你最好把毛衣穿上，外面很冷。(2)      so表示“因此，所以”It’s very cold outside, so I have to put on a coat.外面很冷，所以我需要穿一件外套。        ★ 在一般情况下，and多用于肯定句，而or多用于否定或一 般疑问句。I have brothers and sisters. 我有兄弟姐妹。I don’t have brothers or sisters. 我没有兄弟姐妹。Do you have brothers or sisters？你有兄弟姐妹吗？★  for是并列连词，不能置于句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。I was absent yesterday for I was ill.我昨天没来是因为我生病了。★ 就近原则也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。连词中，or（或者）either...or（或者...或者）neither...nor（既不...也不）not only...but also（不仅...而且）not...but（不是...而是）等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数与靠近它的主语一致。如：(1)      He or I am going to clean the room. 他或者我将要打扫房间I or he is going to clean the room. 我或者他将要打扫房间(2)      Either Lucy or her sisters go shopping every week.Either Lucy’s sisters or she goes shopping every week.(3)      Neither the books nor the pen is her. 那些书和那只钢笔都不是她的    Neither the pen nor the books are hers. 那支笔和那些书都不是她的(4)      Not only Tom but also his parents are good at speaking English.Not only Tom’s parents but also he is good at speaking English.(5)       Not Lucy and Lily but their brother has a dog.Not their bother but Lucy and Lily have a dog.【考题精练】单项选择。(   )1. It’s such an interesting story ________ everybody likes it.     A. as               B. that          C. so that         D. which(   )2. I don’t like him. I’d rather ________ in than ________ to play with him.     A. to play, to go      B. stay, go       C. to play, go      D. stay, to go(   )3. He is very old, ________ he still works very hard.     A. if               B. when         C. and            D. but(   )4. Mrs. Smith likes music ________ her husband likes sport.     A. while            B. or            C. for            D. so(   )5. ________ Tom ________ Mary is free. You’d better play with others.     A. Both, and        B. Not only, but also   C. Neither, nor   D. Either, or(   )6. They didn’t start to work ________ the boss arrived.     A. so              B. as soon as         C. while        D. until(   )7. ________ you’re all here, we can work out a solution.     A. Because         B. Though           C. Since        D For(   )8. The child is clever ________ healthy.     A. as soon as        B. as good as        C. as well as     D. as tall as(   )9. We must set off now, ________ we’ll miss the last train.     A. and             B. while            C. then          D. or(   )10. Can you name three countries ________ Chinese is used as one of their languages?     A. that             B. which            C. where        D. there(   )11. We were getting ready to go out ______ it began to rain. A. where            B. when           C. since            D. if (   )12. We love spring ______ there’re beautiful flowers everywhere. A. but              B. if              C. though           D. because (   )13. The work was _______ difficult _______ it took us quite a long time to do it. A. such, that         B. so, that         C. too, that          D. too, to (   )14. I’ll tell him to give you a call ______ he comes back. A. because          B. since           C. as soon as         D. but (   )15. -- Why did Li Lei use a pencil?    -- _______ his pen was broken. A. Because         B. When           C. Until             D. If (   )16. I think Chinese is more popular ______ any other subject. A. than            B. for              C. as               D. then (   )17. What do I have to do ______ I want to be thinner? A. if              B. because          C. since             D. for (   )18. I won’t turn off the light ______ you’ve finished reading. A. when           B. after           C. as soon as         D. until (   )19. I’ll study English and other objects _______ I can. A. so hard as        B. as hard as       C. so hardly as       D. as hardly as (   )20. Though it rained heavily, _______ were still playing on the playground. A. they            B. so they          C. but they          D. and they (   )21. You should finish your exercises ______ you go to bed. A. after            B. before           C. because         D. if (   )22. -- Are we going to West Hill Farm by bike? -- No. By bus, _______ it is quite far from here. A. if              B. when            C. though          D. because (   )23. Mr. Read has taught in that small town ______ he left Canada in 1988. A. when           B. after             C. for             D. since (   )24. I’m ______ busy getting ready for Christmas _______ I have no time to write to you. A. not, until        B. too, to            C. so, that         D. neither, nor (   )25. You’ll do better in English ______ you work harder. A. or             B. than              C. if              D. before (   )26. Tom didn’t go to school yesterday ______ he was ill. A. but            B. until              C. if              D. because (   )27. Li Hua ______ in the factory since she left school ten years ago.  A. works        B. worked         C. has worked    D. had worked (   )28. -- I’m going to Hangzhou for a holiday this weekend. -- ________ you are there, can you buy me some green tea? A. Because       B. If                 C. While           D. After (   )29. What shall we do ______ it rains tomorrow? A. so            B. if                 C. but             D. because (   )30. If you ______ him tomorrow, please ask him if he _______ to work on the farm with us. A. see, goes       B. will see, goes       C. will see, will go   D. see, will go (   )31. The room is ______ dirty ______ we don’t want to stay here. A. so, that        B. such, that           C. either, or         D. as, as (   )32. _______ he’s very young, _______ he knows several languages. A. Though, but    B. Because, so          C. Though, /       D. Because, / (   )33. They will have a sports meeting if it ______ tomorrow. A. won’t rain     B. will rain             C. doesn’t rain     D. rains (   )34. My parents will go out for an outing with me if they ______ free next Sunday. A. will be        B. are                 C. have           D. will have (   )35. We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl. A. know         B. had known           C. have known     D. knew (   )36. Could you ring me up as soon as he ______? A. arrived        B. would arrive         C. arrives          D. will arrive (   )37. We ______ TV when the telephone ________. A. watched, was ringing                   B. were watching, rang C. watch, rings                          D. are watching, rang (   )38. Kate ______ to bed until her father returned yesterday evening. A. won’t go        B. doesn’t go           C. went           D. didn’t go (   )39. If the child _______, please telephone the police. A. found          B. is found            C. was found         D. has found (   )40. If you ______ here tomorrow, I’ll be delighted. A. comes          B. will come          C. came             D. come     参考答案1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. D 10. C11-15ACCDA16-20BBBDB   21-25BDDCC    26-30DCCBD31-35ACCBC36-40CBDBD