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英语(浙江卷)B卷2023年高考第三次模拟考试卷(解析版)
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这是一份英语(浙江卷)B卷2023年高考第三次模拟考试卷(解析版)，共33页。
2023年高考英语第三次模拟考试卷(浙江卷)A卷
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man trying to do?
A. Give first aid. B. Do breathing exercises. C. Relax himself.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Try to start his breathing again, or he will die in five minutes.
M: Well, how can I start his breathing?
W: By using the mouth-to-mouth method.
2. What do we know about the man?
A. He owns a restaurant. B. He is skilled in cooking. C. He likes Italy.
【答案】B
【原文】W: The dishes you cooked were so tasty. Your cooking is amazing.
M: I have experience in cooking by working in an Italian restaurant.
3. How does the woman prefer to learn?
A. By reading books. B. By watching videos. C. By using the Internet.
【答案】A
【原文】M:The Internet offers us plenty of ways of learning, like videos.
W:I know, but I prefer to go to a library and read books.
4. What did the man think of the garden?
A. It was beautiful. B. It was crowded. C. It was inspiring.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Mark took me to the botanical garden over the weekend. All the plants were very pretty and colorful. They inspired me to paint later that day.
M: I went there last month, but it was so busy that I couldn’t enjoy it.
5. What does the man mean?
A. He won’t go shopping with the woman.
B. He hates going out in a heavy rainy day.
C. He dislikes going shopping in the mall downtown.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Tony, are you busy now? I’d like to go shopping in the mall downtown this afternoon. Would you like to go?
M: Shopping? Forget about it. I hate going out in this heavy traffic.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which of the boy’s clothes are broken?
A. A jacket. B. Shirts. C. Pants.
7. What is the woman’s solution to the problem?
A. She will buy the boy new clothes.
B. She will teach the boy to fix his own clothes.
C. She will turn the old clothes into fashionable ones.
【答案】6. C 7. C
【原文】M: Can I buy some new clothes, Mom? Mine are so old!
W: Well, which clothes are broken?
M: Two pairs of pants.
W: I’m so sorry, honey. We don’t have enough money right now to buy any new clothes. But you’re lucky that you have a mother who knows how to sew well! I’ll fix up the worn-out clothes so they look fashionable and new. I’ll also make you a new jacket. Remember the one you liked at the store the other day? I think I can make a close copy of it. No one will know the difference!
M: Really? Thanks, Mom!
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the woman going to buy?
A. Some beautiful fish. B. A small bottle. C. A few rocks.
9. What does the man advise the woman to do?
A. Keep the fish in a bottle.
B. Get a tank to keep the fish.
C. Make some holes in the rocks.
10. Why should a few rocks be put into the tank?
A. To let the fish swim around.
B. To make the tank prettier.
C. To keep the water clean.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A
【原文】W: I saw a beautiful fish in the market the other day. It was orange and blue. I’m thinking of buying some next Sunday.
M: Where would you keep them?
W: In that round bottle over there.
M: It’s a bit small, isn’t it?
W: So are the fish.
M: I think you really should get a tank if you want to keep fish.
W: Really?
M: Yes. You should never keep fish in a small round bottle. They can’t get enough air. I suggest we go shopping together and look for a nice tank.
W: That might be quite expensive.
M: Check the prices before you buy one. And you ought to put a few large rocks in the tank. Fish love swimming around the rocks and through holes in them.
W: Is there anything else that I ought to get?
M: Yes, you need to get some underwater plants. For one thing they keep the water clean. Also they make the tank look much prettier.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where did the woman learn about the apartment?
A. In the newspaper. B. On the Internet. C. On TV.
12. How much is the monthly rent?
A. About £150. B. About £300. C. About £600.
13. What will bring about an extra fee?
A. Heat. B. Parking. C. Electricity.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. C
【原文】W: Good morning. I’m calling about the apartment you advertised online.
M: Morning, Madam. May I know when you need it?
W: Sometime around next week. What can you tell me about this apartment?
M: Well, it’s a one-bedroom apartment. The rent is £150 per week. Gas and water is included. Both the heat and stove are gas. You pay electricity only. Let me see... What else... Oh. You’ll be assigned a parking space at no extra charge. And... that’s probably it.
W: Sounds good. May I come over tomorrow to take a look?
M: Sure. How about 11 am?
W: Good. My name is Lucy.
M: Thanks for calling, Lucy. I’ll see you tomorrow.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Employer and employee. B. Doctor and patient. C. Husband and wife.
15. What’s the woman’s attitude towards the man’s idea?
A. Negative. B. Indifferent. C. Positive.
16. Why does the man think he should join the football team?
A. He was a professional player.
B. He used to play football very well.
C. It is organized by his neighborhood.
17. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Insist on his diet. B. Do more exercise. C. Join the football team.
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. B 17. B
【原文】M: Honey, what’s the time now?
W: It’s 7.
M: Oh, the football match is about to start. Could you bring me some French fries and a bowl of ice cream?
W: OK, anything else?
M: No, that’s all, thank you. Hey, dear, my company is organizing a football team and I’d like to join it very much. What do you think of it?
W: To be honest, you’d better not.
M: Why? After all, I was a good football player in university.
W: Hmm! That was ten years ago. And it has been at least 6 years since you played last.
M: So what
W: I don’t want you to have a heart attack running up and down the field.
M: You mean I should give it up?
W: Well, you’ve put on weight and are in poor health now, so at least you should have a physical examination before you begin.
M: Well, OK, but...
W: And you should change your diet, reduce fatty foods, and eat more fruit and vegetables. Also do more exercise from now on.
M: Yeah, you’re right.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What made sweet foods special in ancient civilizations?
A. They were hard to make.
B. They were the safest foods.
C. They were only for important persons.
19. When was the cupcake invented?
A. In the 1800s. B. In the 1300s. C. In the 1200s.
20. Why did it take so long for more recipes to be published?
A. The materials were too expensive.
B. People perfected desserts early on.
C. More demand for sugar was needed.
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. A
【原文】If you’re anything like me, then your favorite foods are the sweet ones. But do you know that these foods have a culture as rich as their tastes? In ancient civilizations, sweets were special because they were only given to the most important people. Dried fruits and honey were among the first things used to sweeten meals. The sweet foods were not able to spread around until the “sugarcane” began to be developed in India. Once people found a way to transport sugar easily, they were able to bring it to other countries. Macedonia received this type of sugar in 300 BC, and then over 1000 years later, it spread to China. It wasn’t until the 12th century that its uses spread to Europe. However, even after sugar became well-known, it was still too expensive for most people to buy on special occasions. Some of the deserts that we still eat and love today were designed hundreds of years ago. The first recorded recipe of an apple pie was published in 1381. The first cupcake recipe happened nearly 450 years later. Due to the expensive materials needed to cook deserts, most people didn’t try to experiment with new techniques. In the present, open trade and access to information and resources has brought us the world’s knowledge of deserts. Sweet foods, candies and desserts can be found almost anywhere.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Films of 2022
Tar
Set in the international world of Western classical music, the film centers on Lydia Tar. She is widely considered as one of the greatest living composer-conductors and first-ever female music director of a German orchestra. It is an unfolding thriller about a brilliant artist who’s destroyed by her own appetites. So many of the people who see “Tar” come away believing that Lydia Tar actually exists.
The Fabelmans
Spiclberg was right to wait this long to tell the story of his youth on film. He has made a vivid and well-structured biography that looks back in love and anger. The movie not only aches at memories of watching the separation of his parents, but also tells teen tales of romance and prejudice. And we can feel Spielberg’s enthusiasm in the medium he would revolutionize.
Turn Every Page
If Lizzic Gottlicb’s documentary about Robert Caro and Robert Gottlicb were just a piece of good-old-days literary work, it wouldn’t be a deep and satisfying movie. Robert Caro, who is an outstanding author of “The Power Broker”, and Robert Gottlieb, the legendary editor who has guided all of Caro’s books, emerge as stimulating giants. What unites them is their devotion to the civilizing glory of the word.
The Musical
The plot of the movie is about Evan, a New York kid suffering from his parents’ divorce, as he tries to absorb himself into small-town Indiana and stage a successful Coming-of-Age Day. The more we see the movie directed by Tamra Davis, the more we will be addicted to the magic of the songs and the energy released by the musical sequences.
21. What is the setting of the first movie Tar?
A. Germany history. B. Literary world.
C. Classical music. D. Indiana culture.
22. Which movie would you choose if you like documentary?
A. Tar. B. The Musical.
C. Turn Every Page. D. The Fabelmans.
23. What do the movies The Fabelmans and The Musical have in common?
A. They are both shot in New York.
B. They focus on teenagers’ school life.
C. They are both biographies of the directors.
D. They show the influence of parents’ relationship.
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D
【解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些2022年上映的最佳影片。
21. 细节理解题。根据“Tar”中第一句“Set in the international world of Westerm classical music, the film centers on Lydia Tar.”（该电影以国际西方古典音乐界为背景，以Lydia Tar为中心。）可知，该影片以古典音乐为背景。故选C项。
22. 细节理解题。根据“Turn Every Page”中“If Lizzic Gottlicb’s documentary about Robert Caro and Robert Gottlicb were just a piece of good-old-days literary work, it wouldn’t be a deep and satisfying movie.”（ 如果Lizzic Gottlicb关于Robert Caro 和Robert Gottlicb的纪录片仅仅是一部古老的文学作品的话，它就不会成为一部深刻的令人满意的电影。）可知，该电影以纪录片的形式展现。故选C项。
23. 细节理解题。根据“The Fabelmans”中“The movie not only aches at memories of watching the separation of his parents, but also tells teen tales of romance and prejudice.”（这部电影描绘了父母分离的场景会刺痛人心，而且也讲述了青少年的浪漫故事和偏见。）和“The Musical”中“The plot of the movie is about Evan, a New York kid suffering from his parents’ divorce”（该电影的情节是关于Evan的，他是一个纽约的孩子，因为父母离婚遭受了很多痛苦。）可知，两部影片都展示了父母关系对孩子的影响。故选D项。
B
Today, I’ve been recording an audiobook. I am excited that I have realized my life-long dream.
I will never forget at primary school I used to wait with breathless anticipation to take my turn reading out a paragraph of great works in front. At my secondary school, when students were encouraged to select and present a reading at “morning talk”, I often added my name to the list.
This was all handy background for my career in broadcasting. But, much as I enjoy hosting shows and interviewing people, I often find myself missing the simple pleasures of reading out loud. I’d thought about putting myself forward as a narrator for audiobooks. But I’m not an actor. I can’t do regional accents or play female voice. Non-fiction, then, seemed the obvious target, but I felt that such books were best read by their original authors. If it were authors’ own voice, their stories would touch me.
Recently, delivering my son’s nightly bedtime story has reawakened my love for reading out loud — highlights so far have included Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and Charlotte’s Web. But I never thought I’d get the opportunity to do it professionally.
Then, last month, I was contacted by James Plunkett, writer of End State, a forthcoming book about political ideas. He had no desire to read his book out loud, but as a fan of my program, he thought I might do a reasonable job.
So, I’ve spent this week in a studio, simply reading stuff out loud. And I’m LOVING IT!
Mind you, it’s an entirely unexpected experience. It’s disheartening when the recording needs to be stopped because I’ve just carelessly skipped over a “the”, or had to clear my throat, or catch my breath. I’ve also learned how many words I’ve been mispronouncing my entire life: behavioural is BE-HAYVE-YOU-RAL, not BE-HAYVE-EE-AH-RUL.
Though tackling this 339-page book doesn’t turn out to be that easy, I’ve found the whole process awesome, and hope this becomes the first of many.
24. What does the author want to show by mentioning his experiences at school?
A. The power of dreaming.
B. His love for reading aloud.
C. The impact of schooling.
D. His talent for reading.
25. What can we learn about the author from paragraph 3?
A. He regrets being a TV host.
B. He has no taste for non-fiction.
C. He has rich acting experience.
D. He is aware of his disadvantages.
26. Why could the author get the job as a narrator?
A. He was specifically invited.
B. He applied for it in person.
C. He loved reading bedtime stories.
D. He had a big crowd of fans.
27. What does the author think of being a narrator?
A. Demanding but enjoyable.
B. Risky but fruitful.
C. Tiring but stress-free.
D. Boring but rewarding.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者喜欢朗读，成为朗读者是他的梦想。作者的坚持最终让他获得了成为专业朗读者的机会。
24. 推理判断题。根据第二段“I will never forget at primary school I used to wait with breathless anticipation to take my turn reading out a paragraph of great works in front. At my secondary school, when students were encouraged to select and present a reading at “morning talk”, I often added my name to the list.(我永远不会忘记上小学时，我总是屏息以待，等着轮到我朗读面前的一段名著。在我上中学的时候，当学校鼓励学生在“晨间谈话”中选择并朗读一篇阅读材料时，我经常把自己的名字加到名单上)”可知，作者小学时，经常期待着能轮到自己阅读作品，在中学时经常把自己的名字添加到朗读者的名单中，由此推知，作者提及在上学期间的经历是为了表明自己对朗读的热爱。故选B项。
25. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“I’d thought about putting myself forward as a narrator for audiobooks. But I’m not an actor. I can’t do regional accents or play female voice.(我曾想过让自己成为有声读物的旁白。但我不是演员。我不会讲地方口音，也不会扮演女声)”可知，作者意识到自己还有很多的不足。故选D项。
26. 细节理解题。根据第五段“Then, last month, I was contacted by James Plunkett, author of End State, a forthcoming book about political ideas. He had no desire to read his book out loud, but as a fan of my program, he thought I might do a reasonable job.(然后，上个月，詹姆斯·普伦基特联系了我，他是即将出版的一本关于政治理念的书《终结状态》的作者。他不想大声朗读他的书，但作为我的节目的粉丝，他认为我可能会做得不错)”可知，作者受到《终结状态》的作者詹姆斯·普伦基特的专门邀请，所以成为一名朗读者的。故选A项。
27. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“It’s disheartening when the recording needs to be stopped because I’ve just carelessly skipped over a “the”, or had to clear my throat, or catch my breath.(当我不小心跳过了一个“the”，或者不得不清嗓子，或者喘口气时，录音需要停止，这是令人沮丧的)”可知，在录制过程中出现一点点问题都会重新录制，说明这种工作要求很高，结合尾段中的“Though tackling this 339-page book doesn’t turn out to be that easy, I’ve found the whole process awesome, and hope this becomes the first of many.(虽然处理这本339页的书并不容易，但我发现整个过程很棒，希望这成为许多书中的第一)”可知，作者觉得尽管不是容易，但是这个过程感觉很棒。由此推知，作者认为当朗读者是一份要求高但令人愉快的工作。故选A项。
C
The climate crisis may lead the human race to shrink in size, as mammals with smaller frames appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures, a leading fossil expert has said.
Prof Steve Brusatte, a palaeontologist (古生物学家) at the University of Edinburgh, suggested the way other mammals have previously responded to periods of climate change could offer an insight into humans’ future.
He described the potential plight (境况，困境) of people as similar to that of early horses, which became smaller in body size as temperatures rose around 55m years ago.
Writing in The Rise and Reign of the Mammals, Brusatte notes that animals in warmer parts of the world today are often smaller than those in colder areas, an ecological principle known as Bergmann’s rule. “The reasons are not entirely understood, but it is probably, in part, because smaller animals have a higher surface area relative to their volume than plumper animals and can thus better shed (去除) excess heat,” he writes.
Brusatte said that becoming smaller was “a common way that mammals deal with climate change”. He added: “That’s not to say every species of mammal would get smaller, but it seems to be a common survival trick of mammals when temperatures spike pretty quickly, which does raise the question: if temperatures do spike really quickly, might humans get smaller? And I think that’s certainly reasonable.
In a recent study, researchers studying human remains over the past million years have also suggested that temperature is a major predictor of body size variation, while scientists studying red deer have said that warmer winters in northern Europe and Scandinavia may lead to the body size of these animals becoming smaller.
However, not all experts agree that rising temperature causes mammals to shrink. Prof Adrian Lister, of the Natural History Museum in London, said the relationship shown by the recent human remains study is weak, while the strong correlations between temperature and mammal body size may often be down to the availability of food and resources.
Lister is also sceptical that humans will shrink as the climate heats. “We are not really controlled by natural selection,” he said. “If that was going to happen, you’d need to find large people dying before they could reproduce because of climate warming. That is not happening in today’s world. We wear clothes, we have got heating, and we have got air conditioning if it is too hot.”
28. According to Brusatte, early horses got smaller in body size in order to
A. keep warm B. avoid hunters C. stay cool D. keep balance
29. What does the underlined word “spike” probably mean?
A. Fall. B. Go up. C. Remain steady. D. Change.
30. What is the author’s attitude towards the new finding?
A. Objective. B. Indifferent. C. Confused. D. Positive.
31. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A. To demonstrate the relationship between nature and people’s lifestyle.
B. To cast light on the potential impact of changed mammal body size.
C. To introduce the correlations between climate change and human body size.
D. To warn people of the survival crisis mammals are faced with.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是对气候变暖与人类体形之间关系的两种观点。
28. 细节理解题。根据第一段的“mammals with smaller frames appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures(体型较小的哺乳动物似乎能更好地应对全球气温上升)。根据第三段“He described the potential plight (境况，困境) of people as similar to that of early horses, which became smaller in body size as temperatures rose around 55m years ago.(他将人类的潜在困境描述为与早期马相似的困境，大约5500万年前，随着气温上升，早期马的体型变得越来越小。)”和第四段的“The reasons are not entirely understood, but it is probably, in part, because smaller animals have a higher surface area relative to their volume than plumper animals and can thus better shed (去除) excess heat(其原因尚不完全清楚，但在某种程度上，可能是因为较小的动物比丰满的动物有更大的表面积，因此可以更好地散热)”可知，早期的马体形变小是为了对抗气温升高。故选C。
29. 词句猜测题。根据第一段的“mammals with smaller frames appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures(体型较小的哺乳动物似乎能更好地应对全球气温上升)”和第四段的“That’s not to say every species of mammal would get smaller, but it seems to be a common survival trick of mammals when temperatures(这并不是说每一种哺乳动物都会变小，但这似乎是哺乳动物在温度……时常见的生存技巧)”可知，在温度高的地区，动物体形会变小，这是他们应对气候变化的生存技巧，因此spike意为“升高”，和go up意思相近。故选B。
30. 推理判断题。本文围绕气候变化对哺乳动物体形带来的影响，呈现了两方观点：第四段“Writing in The Rise and Reign of the Mammals, Brusatte notes that animals in warmer parts of the world today are often smaller than those in colder areas, an ecological principle known as Bergmann’s rule.(在《哺乳动物的崛起与统治》一书中，布鲁萨特指出，如今世界上温暖地区的动物通常比寒冷地区的动物小，这是一种被称为伯格曼法则的生态学原理。)”指出Prof Steve Brusatte认为哺乳动物为了应对气温升高而体形变小。根据倒数第二段的“However, not all experts agree that rising temperature causes mammals to shrink. Prof Adrian Lister, of the Natural History Museum in London, said the relationship shown by the recent human remains study is weak, while the strong correlations between temperature and mammal body size may often be down to the availability of food and resources.(然而，并不是所有的专家都同意温度上升会导致哺乳动物萎缩。伦敦自然历史博物馆的Adrian Lister教授说，最近的人类遗骸研究显示的这种关系很弱，而温度和哺乳动物体型之间的强相关性可能往往取决于食物和资源的可获得性。)”可知，Prof Adrian Lister持质疑观点。因此，作者只是客观陈述他人的观点，因此作者的态度应是客观的。故选A。
31. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“The climate crisis may lead the human race to shrink in size, as mammals with smaller frames appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures, a leading fossil expert has said.(一位著名化石专家称，气候危机可能导致人类体型缩小，因为体型较小的哺乳动物似乎能更好地应对全球气温上升。)”可知，文章第一段提出气候危机可能导致人类体形变小，第二段至第六段讲到由Prof Steve Brusatte的研究发现气温是导致哺乳动物体形变化的主要因素。最后两段提到Prof Adrian Lister持质疑观点， 认为人类体形变化主要与食物和资源变化有关，因此作者写文章的目的是介绍气候变化与人体尺寸之间的相关性。故选C。
D
Thanks to in-depth reporting by the Wall Street Journal, we now know that Facebook has long been aware its product Instagram has harmful effects on the mental health of many adolescent users. Young girls, in particular, struggle with their body image thanks to a constant stream of photos and videos showing beautiful bodies that users don’t think they can attain.
While the information the Journal covered is essential and instructive, it does not tell the whole story. Deep down, this is not an Instagram problem; it’s a people problem. Understanding that distinction can make the difference between a failed attempt to contain a teen’s interest in an addictive app and successfully addressing the underlying problem leading to mental distress induced (诱发) by Instagram.
Critics were quick to shame Facebook for sitting on the data and not releasing it to researchers or academics who asked for it. Others criticize the social media giant for not using the research to create a safer experience for its teen users. The anger, while understandable, is misplaced.
While I’m reluctant to defend Facebook, I’m not sure it’s reasonable to blame the company for withholding data that would hurt its business. Have you ever binge-watched (狂看) a Netflix series? I assure you it wasn’t a healthy endeavor. You were in active, likely did nothing productive, mindlessly snacked and didn’t go outside for fresh air. It is an objectively harmful use of time to stare at a TV or laptop for a full weekend. Should we respond by shaming Netflix for not alerting us to how damaging an addictive product can be?
While it’s reasonable to say Instagram makes esteem issues worse, it strains credulity (夸张到难以置信) to believe it causes them in the first place. You create your own experiences on social media. For the most part, you choose which accounts to follow and engage. If you’re already vulnerable to insecurities and self-sabotage (自损) — as many teens are — you will find accounts to obsess over. And this isn’t a new phenomenon.
Before social media, there were similar issues fueling self-esteem issues. Whether the target be magazines, movies or television shows depicting difficult-to-attain bodies, there has been a relatively steady chorus (异口同声) of experts nothing the damage new media could cause young viewers.
Self-esteem issues have an underlying cause — one that’s independent of social media use. Instagram merely enhances those feelings because it provides infinitely more access to triggers than older forms of media. It’s more worthwhile to address those underlying factors rather than to attack Facebook.
32. The author thinks the criticisms against Instagram __________.
A. are successful attempts to change teens’ interest in addictive apps
B. address the Instagram - induced mental pain
C. are only based on the data released by Facebook
D. are not directed at the fundamental problem
33. Netflix is mentioned to __________.
A. compare the criticisms against it and Facebook
B. defend why Facebook is to blame
C. suggest the critics’ remarks are not to point
D. show Netflix does more harm to teens
34. The Instagram problem is essentially a “people problem” in that __________.
A. it is human nature to get addicted to social media
B. users decide on their experiences on social media
C. people have a tendency to feel insecure online
D. people are keen on fabricating their self - profile
35. What is the passage mainly about?
A. the unprecedented criticism facing Facebook
B. the alarming online habits of teenagers worldwide
C. the root cause of Instagram - induced mental strains
D. the harmful impact of Instagram on teenagers
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】本文为一篇议论文。《华尔街日报》报道中，Instagram对许多青少年用户的心理健康产生有害影响。但在作者看来，这是其诱发用户精神紧张，放大了自身的自尊问题所致，本质上是人的问题。
32. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Critics were quick to shame Facebook for sitting on the data and not releasing it to researchers or academics who asked for it. Others criticize the social media giant for not using the research to create a safer experience for its teen users. The anger, while understandable, is misplaced.(批评人士很快就指责Facebook搁置数据，不向要求提供数据的研究人员或学者提供数据。其他人批评这家社交媒体巨头没有利用这项研究为青少年用户创造更安全的体验。这种愤怒虽然可以理解，但却不恰当)”及第四段内容可知，作者认为对Instagram的批评并没有指向根本问题。故选D项。
33. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“While I’m reluctant to defend Facebook, I’m not sure it’s reasonable to blame the company for withholding data that would hurt its business.(虽然我不愿意为Facebook辩护，但我不确定指责该公司隐瞒可能损害其业务的数据是否合理)”及“Have you ever binge - watched a Netflix series? I assure you it wasn’t a healthy endeavor. You were in active, likely did nothing productive, mindlessly snacked and didn’t go outside for fresh air. It is an objectively harmful use of time to stare at a TV or laptop for a full weekend. Should we respond by shaming Netflix for not alerting us to how damaging an addictive product can be?(你曾经疯狂地看Netflix的电视剧吗？我向你保证这不是一个健康的尝试。你很活跃，可能没有做任何有成效的事情，漫无目的地吃零食，也不出去呼吸新鲜空气。整个周末盯着电视或笔记本电脑，客观上是一种有害的时间利用。作为回应，我们是否应该羞辱Netflix，因为它没有提醒我们这种令人上瘾的产品有多大的危害)”可知，Netflix被提及是为了表明我们受到网络的影响很大原因是自己产生的，不能完全怪罪于网络媒体，Instagram也一样，作者在此表明批评者的言论并没有指出问题。故选C项。
34. 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“You create your own experiences on social media. For the most part, you choose which accounts to follow and engage. If you’re already vulnerable to insecurities and self - sabotage— as many teens are — you will find accounts to obsess over. And this isn’t a new phenomenon.(你在社交媒体上创造自己的体验。在大多数情况下，你可以选择关注和参与哪些账户。如果你已经像许多青少年一样容易受到不安全感和自我破坏的伤害，你会发现账户让你着迷。这并不是一个新现象)”可知，Instagram问题本质上是“人的问题”是因为用户在社交媒体上决定自己的体验，不是Instagram产生了这些问题。故选B项。
35. 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Deep down, this is not an Instagram problem; it’s a people problem.(实际上，这不是Instagram的问题；这是人的问题)”及最后一段“Self - esteem issues have an underlying cause — one that’s independent of social media use.Instagram merely enhances those feelings because it provides infinitely more access to triggers than older forms of media.(自尊问题有一个潜在的原因，这个原因与社交媒体的使用无关。Instagram只是增强了这些感觉，因为它比旧的媒体形式提供了无限多的接触触发器的途径)”并结合全文内容可知，作者认为Instagram对于青少年用户产生心理影响，是其诱发精神紧张，放大自身的自尊问题所致。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is easy to get carried away in an argument. While having a rational (理性的) conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seem like a challenge, it is possible.____36____
The Empathy (同理心) Challenge in an exercise created by Zoe Chance, senior lecturer at the Yale School of Management. At Yale, Chance teaches a course called “Mastering Influence and Persuasion” where students learn to communicate more effectively.____37____“As they explain their position, you listen for their underlying (潜在的) values. Finally, you look for common ground as you reflect those values back. That’s it.”
____38____. As she couldn’t understand why many people chose to vote for Donald Trump, she found three Trump’s voters and spoke with them. Through asking questions, Chance was able to empathize with them and realize they had similar feelings. One man, an Orthodox Jew, explained that he supported Trump because Trump’s daughter and son-in-law are Jewish.____39____.The third was a lawyer who believed that authenticity (真实性) was important in political leaders.
Although Chance and those people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others. ____40____
A. One way is to approach the other person with empathy.
B. Chance first took this challenge herself before asking her students to try.
C. The next man was a Russian immigrant passionate(热爱的)about freedom.
D. And that’s the point of the exercise -to understand others as fellow human beings.
E. A research suggested that carrying conversation can boost people’s empathy for others.
F. In her blog, Chance explains that it’s important to listen to people who disagree with you.
G. Another man tried to explore reasonable persuasion without carrying away her underlying alues.
【答案】36. A 37. F 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。与持不同意见的人进行理性对话虽是挑战，但也是可能的。钱斯教授为了让学生学习如何更有效地沟通，自己先进行练习挑战，找到了三个特朗普的选民，并与他们交谈。虽然钱斯和那些人有不同的政治信仰，但依然能够理解他人的人生价值观，从而证明了练习有效沟通的意义。
36. 前文“While having a rational(理性的)conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seem like a challenge, it is possible. (在争论中很容易失去理智。虽然与持不同意见的人进行理性对话似乎是一种挑战，但这是可能的。)”说明与持不同意见的人进行理性对话虽是挑战，但也是可能的。结合选项。A项“One way is to approach the other person with empathy. (一种方法是带着同理心接近对方。)”符合语意逻辑，介绍与持不同意见的人进行理性对话是可能的的方法。故选A。
37. 前文“At Yale, Chance teaches a course called “Mastering Influence and Persuasion” where students learn to communicate more effectively. (在耶鲁大学，钱斯教授一门名为“掌握影响力和说服”的课程，让学生学习如何更有效地沟通。)”介绍钱斯教授让学生学习如何更有效地沟通的课程。结合选项，F项“In her blog, Chance explains that it’s important to listen to people who disagree with you. (在她的博客中，钱斯解释说，倾听不同意你的人是很重要的。)”承接上文，都是在介绍如何更有效地沟通的方法。而且人物一致。故选F。
38. 下文“As she couldn’t understand why many people chose to vote for Donald Trump, she found three Trump’s voters and spoke with them. (由于她不明白为什么很多人选择投票给唐纳德·特朗普，她找到了三个特朗普的选民，并与他们交谈。)”说明钱斯教授自己实验通过同理心进行更有效地沟通。结合选项，B项“Chance first took this challenge herself before asking her students to try. (在让学生们尝试之前，钱斯自己先接受了这个挑战。)”承接下文，钱斯教授接受挑战，自己先去尝试与不同观点的人进行沟通。故选B。
39. 前文“One man, an Orthodox Jew, explained that he supported Trump because Trump’s daughter and son-in-law are Jewish. (一名正统犹太人解释说，他支持川普是因为川普的女儿和女婿是犹太人。)”以及后文“The third was a lawyer who believed that authenticity(真实性)was important in political leaders. (第三位是一位律师，他认为真实对政治领导人很重要。)”分别介绍第一位和第三位支持特朗普的人，可推知，空处应为第二位支持特朗普的人。结合选项，C项“The next man was a Russian immigrant passionate(热爱的)about freedom. (下一位是俄罗斯移民，对自由充满热情。)”承上启下，符合语意。故选C。
40. 前文“Although Chance and those people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others. (虽然钱斯和那些人有不同的政治信仰，但他们能够理解他人的人生价值观。)”说明人们通过同理心可以进行有效的沟通。意在总结钱斯这样做的意义和作用。结合选项，D项“And that’s the point of the exercise -to understand others as fellow human beings. (这就是练习的意义——把他人理解为人类同胞。)”同样是在说明有效的沟通练习的意义。故选D。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was about nine or ten years old, I began to notice that I couldn’t read well and I couldn’t do simple math problems. I got____41____and I couldn’t keep up with the expectations of the class. My parents noticed that something was ____42____, and I was taken to some people who eventually____43____me with Dyslexia(失读症), ADHD(多动定), and other big words that I didn’t know. One day my mom told me that I was going to look at some schools and I enrolled at this private school- Greenwood.
Now five years later I know that my family and I made the____44____choice. I feel that I have gained many skills. I would be lost if I were____45____in public school. Greenwood offers a unique opportunity that we are all____46____to have in our lives.
I have____47____here. This has been my second home for so long, and saying good bye is going to be one of the ____48____things that I have had to do, but I____49____to. ____50____I am excited to be here about to continue my journey, I am also sad; this has truly been a life changing experience that I will never____51____.
Finally, I just want to say to everybody: Life at Greenwood is by no means ____52____. There is no way that it can ____53____, and that’s what makes it special. We are one big family, and like all families we don’t always____54____, and we don’t always think that some things are fair. But in the end we are there for each other, and that’s what____55____
41. A. relieved B. upset C. confident D. angry
42. A. different B. practical C. laughable D. promising
43. A. helped B. diagnosed C. provided D. trusted
44. A. careful B. strange C. right D. difficult
45. A. rarely B. never C. still D. even
46. A. ashamed B. regretful C. anxious D. fortunate
47. A. turned up B. grown up C. packed up D. opened up
48. A. hardest B. most scary C. greatest D. most pleasant
49. A. need B. have C. love D. seem
50. A. While B. Because C. If D. So
51. A. forget B. hate C. accept D. appreciate
52. A. busy B. harmonious C. perfect D. interesting
53. A. impress B. ignore C. save D. be
54. A. get around B. get away C. get along D. get ahead
55. A. disturbs B. earns C. hurts D. counts
【答案】
41. B 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. A 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. C 55. D
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在大约九岁或十岁的时候，开始注意到自己不能很好地阅读，不能做简单的数学题。很沮丧，无法跟上班级的期望。作者的父母注意到有些事情不一样，最终诊断作者患有阅读障碍症(失读症)，多动症(多动定)。五年后的今天，作者家人做出了正确的选择。给作者报名参加了所私立学校——格林伍德。作者学到了很多技能。
1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很沮丧，我无法跟上班级的期望。A. relieved如释重负的；B. upset沮丧的；C. confident自信的；D. angry生气的。根据上文的“I couldn’t do simple math problems”和下文的“I couldn’t keep up with the expectations of the class”可知，这令作者很沮丧。故选B。
2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的父母注意到有些事情不一样，我被带到一些人那里，他们最终诊断我患有阅读障碍症(失读症)，多动症(多动定)，以及其他我不认识的大词。A. different不同的；B. practical切合实际的；C. laughable可笑的；D. promising 有前途的。根据“ One day my mom told me that I was going to look at some schools and I enrolled at this private school- Greenwood.”可知作者的父母觉察出作者(跟别的孩子)不一样。故选A。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母注意到有些事情不一样，我被带到一些人那里，他们最终诊断我患有阅读障碍症(失读症)，多动症(多动定)，以及其他我不认识的大词。A. helped帮助；B. diagnosed诊断；C. provided提供；D. trusted相信。根据Dyslexia(失读症), ADHD(多动定)可知，这些是疾病, 所以选diagnosed(诊断)。故选B。
4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：五年后的今天，我知道我和我的家人做出了正确的选择。A. careful小心的；B. strange奇怪的；C. right正确的；D. difficult困难的。根据“ I feel that I have gained many skills.”作者表达了对自己在Greenwood的学习生活是满意的可知，换学校这个决定是正确的。故选C。
5.考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我还在公立学校上学，我仍然会很迷茫的。A. rarely很少；B. never从未；C. still仍然；D. even甚至。根据第一段最后“I enrolled at this private school- Greenwood.”可知，Greenwood是一所私立学校，根据上文的“lost”可知，如果我还在公立学校上学，我仍然会很迷茫的。故选C。
6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：格林伍德提供了一个独特的机会，我们都很幸运地在我们的生活中拥有这个机会。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. regretful后悔的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. fortunate幸运的。根据上文的“gained many skills”，“offers a unique opportunity”等表达可知，作者能在新学校能够学到技能，学校给作者提供机会对于作者是幸运的事情。故选D。
7.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在这里成长。A. turned up出现；B. grown up长大，成长；C. packed up打包；D. opened up打开。根据第二段“Now five years later I know that ”可知，作者在这里度过5年时间。故选B。
8.考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：这么长时间以来，这里一直是我的第二个家，说再见将是我不得不做的最艰难的事情之一，但我必须这么做。A. hardest最难的；B. most scary最吓人的；C. greatest最大的；D. most pleasant最愉悦的。根据“ This has been my second home for so long, ”可知，作者留恋第二个家，说再见将是我不得不做的最艰难的事情之一。故选A。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这么长时间以来，这里一直是我的第二个家，说再见将是我不得不做的最艰难的事情之一，但我必须这么做。A. need需要；B. have拥有；C. love爱；D. seem似乎。根据“continue my journey”可知，作者不得不离开。have to “不得不”。故选B。
10.考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很兴奋能在这里继续我的旅程，但我也很难过;这真的是一次改变人生的经历，我永远不会忘记。A. While尽管；B. Because因为；C. If 如果；D. So因此。根据“I am excited”以及“I am also sad”可知，此处应该是“虽然”的意思。故选A。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很兴奋能在这里继续我的旅程，但我也很难过;这真的是一次改变人生的经历，我永远不会忘记。A. forget 忘记；B. hate痛恨；C. accept接受；D. appreciate感激。根据“this has truly been a life changing experience”表现作者的不舍，不会忘记。故选A。
12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我想对大家说:在格林伍德的生活绝不是完美的。A.busy 繁忙的；B. harmonious 和谐的；C. perfect 完美的；D. interesting有趣的。根据下文的“we don’t always think that some things are fair”可推出，这是不完美的地方。故选C。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是不可能的，这就是它的特别之处。A.impress印象深刻；B. ignore忽视；C. save节省； D. be是。 There is no way that it can be(perfect) 省略了形容词perfect，前面是be动词。故选D。
14.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们是一个大家庭，像所有的家庭一样，我们并不总是相处融洽，我们并不总是认为有些事情是公平的。A. get around传播；B. get away远离；C. get along相处；D. get ahead提前。根据下文的“we don’t always think that some things are fair”可知，和所有家庭一样会有相处不融洽的时候。故选C。
15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最终我们会彼此支持，这才是最重要的。A. disturbs打扰；B. earns赢得；C. hurts伤害；D. counts重要。根据“But in the end we are there for each other”可知，重要的是我们彼此支持。故选D。
第二节(共10小题:每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Su Mingjuan, the former poster girl for China’s most ____56____ (influence) education charity, has recently come back in the national spotlight as a delegate (代表) to the 20th National Congress of the Community Party of China.
In 1991, a photograph of the then first-grader Su, ____57____ a pair of large, bright eyes crying for knowledge, ____58____(touch) the hearts of numerous people. Su was born into a poor farming family in Jinzhai, East China’s Anhui Province. The image of Su, then ____59____ 8-year-old girl, was actually taken by a photographer who went into the remote ____60____(mountain) areas to see how the Project Hope had helped rural drop-outs.
Su became the poster girl for Project Hope after this image impressed many people in China. Project Hope, which ____61____ (found) by the China Youth Development Foundation in 1989, is committed to ____62____ (assist) poor children get education. Over the past three decades, according to the official report, it ____63____ (transform) the lives of 6 million students from poor families nationwide, among ____64____ is Su. The picture of Su, entitled “I want to go to school”, has been reprinted nationwide in newspapers, magazines and billboards, and has since become a symbol of the country’s efforts _____65_____(promote) nine-year compulsory education among all school-age children.
【答案】
56. influential 57. with 58. touched 59. an 60. mountainous 61. was founded 62. assisting 63. has transformed 64. whom 65. to promote
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“希望工程”海报女孩——苏明娟。
56. 考查形容词。句意：苏明娟曾是中国最具影响力的教育慈善机构的海报女孩，最近作为中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会的代表，她又回到了全国的聚光灯下。此处应用形容词influential作定语，修饰名词词组education charity，其意为“有影响力的”。故填influential。
57. 考查介词。句意：1991年，一张照片打动了无数人的心，照片中当时一年级的苏有着一双明亮的大眼睛，渴望知识。此处表示“带有……”，应用介词with。故填with。
58. 考查动词时态。句意：1991年，一张照片打动了无数人的心，照片中当时一年级的苏有着一双明亮的大眼睛，渴望知识。分析句子可知，提示词是句中谓语动词，结合时间状语In 1991可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。故填touched。
59. 考查冠词。句意：苏当时她还是一个8岁的女孩，她的照片实际上是由一名摄影师拍摄的，他去到偏远的山区了解希望工程是如何帮助农村的失学儿童的。此处泛指“一个8岁的女孩”，且8-year-old是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
60. 考查形容词。句意：苏当时她还是一个8岁的女孩，她的照片实际上是由一名摄影师拍摄的，他去到偏远的山区了解希望工程是如何帮助农村的失学儿童的。提示词修饰名词areas，用形容词mountainous作定语，意为“多山的”。故填mountainous。
61. 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：希望工程由中国青少年发展基金会于1989年创立，致力于帮助贫困儿童接受教育。分析句子可知，提示词是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语which(即先行词Project Hope)之间为被动关系，结合时间状语in1989可知，应用一般过去时态，又因主语是专有名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was founded。
62. 考查非谓语动词。句意：希望工程由中国青少年发展基金会于1989年创立，致力于帮助贫困儿童接受教育。短语be committed to doing是固定搭配，to是介词，用动名词作宾语。故填assisting。
63. 考查名词的数。句意：据官方报道，在过去的30年里，它已经改变了全国600万贫困家庭学生的生活，苏就是其中之一。分析句子可知，提示词是主句中谓语动词，与主语it之间为主动关系，结合时间状语Over the past three decades可知，应用现在完成时态，又因主语是单数代词，谓语动词也用单数形式。故填has transformed。
64. 考查定语从句。句意：据官方报道，在过去的30年里，它已经改变了全国600万贫困家庭学生的生活，苏就是其中之一。分析句子结构可知，此处是“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students，指人，从句中作介词的宾语，用关系代词whom。故填whom。
65. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这幅名为“我要上学”的照片在全国范围内的报纸、杂志和广告牌上被转载，并从此成为国家努力推广适龄儿童九年义务教育的象征。名词effort后常用不定式作后置定语。故填to promote。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，是学校英语报记者，学校上周组织了“传统文化进校园”的活动，邀请了传统手工制作人孔明来校教学生制作湘绣。请你写一篇简短的英文报道，内容包括：
1. 活动的介绍；
2. 活动的反响；
3. 活动的意义。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
提示词：湘绣 Hunan embroidery
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Last week witnessed a “Bringing Traditional Chinese Culture to Campus” activity in our school. This activity, aimed at enriching students’ school life and exposing them to the wisdom of the glorious traditional Chinese civilization, was warmly welcomed in the whole school.
A famous craftsman, Kong Ming, was invited to give us students a lecture about Hunan embroidery. In the lecture we had a good understanding of the history of Hunan embroidery. Most impressively, students even learnt how to make Hunan embroidery under the guidance of Mr. Kong. Seeing their brilliant works of art displayed, they couldn’t contain their excitement.
With the students’ active participation and teachers’ enthusiastic support, not only did this event make students’ school life more colorful and helpful, but also helped bring the traditional Chinese culture back to the campus. It was undoubtedly a success.
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For years, Levinson, an experienced teacher in a severely disadvantaged neighborhood, knew that her young students had it rough—some were homeless, many were in foster care, others were jammed into garages or single rooms with eight to ten other family members—so she made sure that she was good to them every holiday season.
It was hard to do on a teacher’s salary, but from the post-Thanksgiving return until the Christmas break, every day Levinson managed to bring the kids some little holiday gifts—a packet of sweets, a pencil, or something. No matter how small the gift, her students were always grateful. And there was a good chance it would outshine whatever their families could afford to give them.
Then the pandemic hit and the district switched to online learning. Zoom(视频会议软件) opened the educators’ eyes to many other physical hardships their students faced. For Levinson, it was a peek (窥视) behind the curtains into her students’ home lives—and what she saw broke her heart.
One kindergartner spent her daily six hours of Zoom squatting(蹲着) at the back of a store while her father worked. Others attended virtual class in the rooms where their families were temporarily sheltering. On screen, some students had several brothers and sisters in the background, all sharing one bed and doing online school for various grades. Levinson began to hear a common complaint that they’d be trying to type on the computer, and that their little fingers were cold. In the winter, the temperatures dropped to 14 degree below zero, and a lot of the kids were working in unheated spaces.
Levinson knew she had to do something. But on her limited means, how could she possibly keep all her students warm? She created a simple wish list on Amazon: a blanket for each student to drive away the cold. “Help Keep My Students Warm and Bundled on Zoom,” she wrote. Her plea (请求) had spread rapidly.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Levinson started receiving donations from kind persons.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Every kid was looking forward to the exciting moment.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Levinson started receiving donations from hind persons. Besides blankets, they also brought other necessities for the kids to survive the bitterly cold winter. A young mother even drove a long way with her little daughter to offer pairs of their hand-made gloves and some school supplies. Just as quickly, the school was showered with so many items that the library stood unusable, piled high with packages from donors. After carefully sorting out the donations, Levinson made a detailed list to make sure every kid could get the stuff they needed most.
Every kid was looking forward to the exciting moment. At the sight of the gifts, the kids could hardly contain their pure delight, bright eyes wide open, most sharing their portions immediately with their siblings. One little boy wiped his hands repeatedly on his coat before taking over the soft blanket, a broad smile on this face. “Who should I thank?” they would always ask. Levinson told them to remain kind and pay it forward when they grow up. Cold as the winter was, all the needy kids were enveloped in the warmth from the nice and generous strangers.
2023年高考英语第三次模拟考试卷(浙江卷)A卷
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man trying to do?
A. Give first aid. B. Do breathing exercises. C. Relax himself.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Try to start his breathing again, or he will die in five minutes.
M: Well, how can I start his breathing?
W: By using the mouth-to-mouth method.
2. What do we know about the man?
A. He owns a restaurant. B. He is skilled in cooking. C. He likes Italy.
【答案】B
【原文】W: The dishes you cooked were so tasty. Your cooking is amazing.
M: I have experience in cooking by working in an Italian restaurant.
3. How does the woman prefer to learn?
A. By reading books. B. By watching videos. C. By using the Internet.
【答案】A
【原文】M:The Internet offers us plenty of ways of learning, like videos.
W:I know, but I prefer to go to a library and read books.
4. What did the man think of the garden?
A. It was beautiful. B. It was crowded. C. It was inspiring.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Mark took me to the botanical garden over the weekend. All the plants were very pretty and colorful. They inspired me to paint later that day.
M: I went there last month, but it was so busy that I couldn’t enjoy it.
5. What does the man mean?
A. He won’t go shopping with the woman.
B. He hates going out in a heavy rainy day.
C. He dislikes going shopping in the mall downtown.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Tony, are you busy now? I’d like to go shopping in the mall downtown this afternoon. Would you like to go?
M: Shopping? Forget about it. I hate going out in this heavy traffic.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which of the boy’s clothes are broken?
A. A jacket. B. Shirts. C. Pants.
7. What is the woman’s solution to the problem?
A. She will buy the boy new clothes.
B. She will teach the boy to fix his own clothes.
C. She will turn the old clothes into fashionable ones.
【答案】6. C 7. C
【原文】M: Can I buy some new clothes, Mom? Mine are so old!
W: Well, which clothes are broken?
M: Two pairs of pants.
W: I’m so sorry, honey. We don’t have enough money right now to buy any new clothes. But you’re lucky that you have a mother who knows how to sew well! I’ll fix up the worn-out clothes so they look fashionable and new. I’ll also make you a new jacket. Remember the one you liked at the store the other day? I think I can make a close copy of it. No one will know the difference!
M: Really? Thanks, Mom!
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the woman going to buy?
A. Some beautiful fish. B. A small bottle. C. A few rocks.
9. What does the man advise the woman to do?
A. Keep the fish in a bottle.
B. Get a tank to keep the fish.
C. Make some holes in the rocks.
10. Why should a few rocks be put into the tank?
A. To let the fish swim around.
B. To make the tank prettier.
C. To keep the water clean.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A
【原文】W: I saw a beautiful fish in the market the other day. It was orange and blue. I’m thinking of buying some next Sunday.
M: Where would you keep them?
W: In that round bottle over there.
M: It’s a bit small, isn’t it?
W: So are the fish.
M: I think you really should get a tank if you want to keep fish.
W: Really?
M: Yes. You should never keep fish in a small round bottle. They can’t get enough air. I suggest we go shopping together and look for a nice tank.
W: That might be quite expensive.
M: Check the prices before you buy one. And you ought to put a few large rocks in the tank. Fish love swimming around the rocks and through holes in them.
W: Is there anything else that I ought to get?
M: Yes, you need to get some underwater plants. For one thing they keep the water clean. Also they make the tank look much prettier.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where did the woman learn about the apartment?
A. In the newspaper. B. On the Internet. C. On TV.
12. How much is the monthly rent?
A. About £150. B. About £300. C. About £600.
13. What will bring about an extra fee?
A. Heat. B. Parking. C. Electricity.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. C
【原文】W: Good morning. I’m calling about the apartment you advertised online.
M: Morning, Madam. May I know when you need it?
W: Sometime around next week. What can you tell me about this apartment?
M: Well, it’s a one-bedroom apartment. The rent is £150 per week. Gas and water is included. Both the heat and stove are gas. You pay electricity only. Let me see... What else... Oh. You’ll be assigned a parking space at no extra charge. And... that’s probably it.
W: Sounds good. May I come over tomorrow to take a look?
M: Sure. How about 11 am?
W: Good. My name is Lucy.
M: Thanks for calling, Lucy. I’ll see you tomorrow.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Employer and employee. B. Doctor and patient. C. Husband and wife.
15. What’s the woman’s attitude towards the man’s idea?
A. Negative. B. Indifferent. C. Positive.
16. Why does the man think he should join the football team?
A. He was a professional player.
B. He used to play football very well.
C. It is organized by his neighborhood.
17. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Insist on his diet. B. Do more exercise. C. Join the football team.
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. B 17. B
【原文】M: Honey, what’s the time now?
W: It’s 7.
M: Oh, the football match is about to start. Could you bring me some French fries and a bowl of ice cream?
W: OK, anything else?
M: No, that’s all, thank you. Hey, dear, my company is organizing a football team and I’d like to join it very much. What do you think of it?
W: To be honest, you’d better not.
M: Why? After all, I was a good football player in university.
W: Hmm! That was ten years ago. And it has been at least 6 years since you played last.
M: So what
W: I don’t want you to have a heart attack running up and down the field.
M: You mean I should give it up?
W: Well, you’ve put on weight and are in poor health now, so at least you should have a physical examination before you begin.
M: Well, OK, but...
W: And you should change your diet, reduce fatty foods, and eat more fruit and vegetables. Also do more exercise from now on.
M: Yeah, you’re right.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What made sweet foods special in ancient civilizations?
A. They were hard to make.
B. They were the safest foods.
C. They were only for important persons.
19. When was the cupcake invented?
A. In the 1800s. B. In the 1300s. C. In the 1200s.
20. Why did it take so long for more recipes to be published?
A. The materials were too expensive.
B. People perfected desserts early on.
C. More demand for sugar was needed.
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. A
【原文】If you’re anything like me, then your favorite foods are the sweet ones. But do you know that these foods have a culture as rich as their tastes? In ancient civilizations, sweets were special because they were only given to the most important people. Dried fruits and honey were among the first things used to sweeten meals. The sweet foods were not able to spread around until the “sugarcane” began to be developed in India. Once people found a way to transport sugar easily, they were able to bring it to other countries. Macedonia received this type of sugar in 300 BC, and then over 1000 years later, it spread to China. It wasn’t until the 12th century that its uses spread to Europe. However, even after sugar became well-known, it was still too expensive for most people to buy on special occasions. Some of the deserts that we still eat and love today were designed hundreds of years ago. The first recorded recipe of an apple pie was published in 1381. The first cupcake recipe happened nearly 450 years later. Due to the expensive materials needed to cook deserts, most people didn’t try to experiment with new techniques. In the present, open trade and access to information and resources has brought us the world’s knowledge of deserts. Sweet foods, candies and desserts can be found almost anywhere.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Films of 2022
Tar
Set in the international world of Western classical music, the film centers on Lydia Tar. She is widely considered as one of the greatest living composer-conductors and first-ever female music director of a German orchestra. It is an unfolding thriller about a brilliant artist who’s destroyed by her own appetites. So many of the people who see “Tar” come away believing that Lydia Tar actually exists.
The Fabelmans
Spiclberg was right to wait this long to tell the story of his youth on film. He has made a vivid and well-structured biography that looks back in love and anger. The movie not only aches at memories of watching the separation of his parents, but also tells teen tales of romance and prejudice. And we can feel Spielberg’s enthusiasm in the medium he would revolutionize.
Turn Every Page
If Lizzic Gottlicb’s documentary about Robert Caro and Robert Gottlicb were just a piece of good-old-days literary work, it wouldn’t be a deep and satisfying movie. Robert Caro, who is an outstanding author of “The Power Broker”, and Robert Gottlieb, the legendary editor who has guided all of Caro’s books, emerge as stimulating giants. What unites them is their devotion to the civilizing glory of the word.
The Musical
The plot of the movie is about Evan, a New York kid suffering from his parents’ divorce, as he tries to absorb himself into small-town Indiana and stage a successful Coming-of-Age Day. The more we see the movie directed by Tamra Davis, the more we will be addicted to the magic of the songs and the energy released by the musical sequences.
21. What is the setting of the first movie Tar?
A. Germany history. B. Literary world.
C. Classical music. D. Indiana culture.
22. Which movie would you choose if you like documentary?
A. Tar. B. The Musical.
C. Turn Every Page. D. The Fabelmans.
23. What do the movies The Fabelmans and The Musical have in common?
A. They are both shot in New York.
B. They focus on teenagers’ school life.
C. They are both biographies of the directors.
D. They show the influence of parents’ relationship.
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D
【解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些2022年上映的最佳影片。
21. 细节理解题。根据“Tar”中第一句“Set in the international world of Westerm classical music, the film centers on Lydia Tar.”（该电影以国际西方古典音乐界为背景，以Lydia Tar为中心。）可知，该影片以古典音乐为背景。故选C项。
22. 细节理解题。根据“Turn Every Page”中“If Lizzic Gottlicb’s documentary about Robert Caro and Robert Gottlicb were just a piece of good-old-days literary work, it wouldn’t be a deep and satisfying movie.”（ 如果Lizzic Gottlicb关于Robert Caro 和Robert Gottlicb的纪录片仅仅是一部古老的文学作品的话，它就不会成为一部深刻的令人满意的电影。）可知，该电影以纪录片的形式展现。故选C项。
23. 细节理解题。根据“The Fabelmans”中“The movie not only aches at memories of watching the separation of his parents, but also tells teen tales of romance and prejudice.”（这部电影描绘了父母分离的场景会刺痛人心，而且也讲述了青少年的浪漫故事和偏见。）和“The Musical”中“The plot of the movie is about Evan, a New York kid suffering from his parents’ divorce”（该电影的情节是关于Evan的，他是一个纽约的孩子，因为父母离婚遭受了很多痛苦。）可知，两部影片都展示了父母关系对孩子的影响。故选D项。
B
Today, I’ve been recording an audiobook. I am excited that I have realized my life-long dream.
I will never forget at primary school I used to wait with breathless anticipation to take my turn reading out a paragraph of great works in front. At my secondary school, when students were encouraged to select and present a reading at “morning talk”, I often added my name to the list.
This was all handy background for my career in broadcasting. But, much as I enjoy hosting shows and interviewing people, I often find myself missing the simple pleasures of reading out loud. I’d thought about putting myself forward as a narrator for audiobooks. But I’m not an actor. I can’t do regional accents or play female voice. Non-fiction, then, seemed the obvious target, but I felt that such books were best read by their original authors. If it were authors’ own voice, their stories would touch me.
Recently, delivering my son’s nightly bedtime story has reawakened my love for reading out loud — highlights so far have included Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and Charlotte’s Web. But I never thought I’d get the opportunity to do it professionally.
Then, last month, I was contacted by James Plunkett, writer of End State, a forthcoming book about political ideas. He had no desire to read his book out loud, but as a fan of my program, he thought I might do a reasonable job.
So, I’ve spent this week in a studio, simply reading stuff out loud. And I’m LOVING IT!
Mind you, it’s an entirely unexpected experience. It’s disheartening when the recording needs to be stopped because I’ve just carelessly skipped over a “the”, or had to clear my throat, or catch my breath. I’ve also learned how many words I’ve been mispronouncing my entire life: behavioural is BE-HAYVE-YOU-RAL, not BE-HAYVE-EE-AH-RUL.
Though tackling this 339-page book doesn’t turn out to be that easy, I’ve found the whole process awesome, and hope this becomes the first of many.
24. What does the author want to show by mentioning his experiences at school?
A. The power of dreaming.
B. His love for reading aloud.
C. The impact of schooling.
D. His talent for reading.
25. What can we learn about the author from paragraph 3?
A. He regrets being a TV host.
B. He has no taste for non-fiction.
C. He has rich acting experience.
D. He is aware of his disadvantages.
26. Why could the author get the job as a narrator?
A. He was specifically invited.
B. He applied for it in person.
C. He loved reading bedtime stories.
D. He had a big crowd of fans.
27. What does the author think of being a narrator?
A. Demanding but enjoyable.
B. Risky but fruitful.
C. Tiring but stress-free.
D. Boring but rewarding.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者喜欢朗读，成为朗读者是他的梦想。作者的坚持最终让他获得了成为专业朗读者的机会。
24. 推理判断题。根据第二段“I will never forget at primary school I used to wait with breathless anticipation to take my turn reading out a paragraph of great works in front. At my secondary school, when students were encouraged to select and present a reading at “morning talk”, I often added my name to the list.(我永远不会忘记上小学时，我总是屏息以待，等着轮到我朗读面前的一段名著。在我上中学的时候，当学校鼓励学生在“晨间谈话”中选择并朗读一篇阅读材料时，我经常把自己的名字加到名单上)”可知，作者小学时，经常期待着能轮到自己阅读作品，在中学时经常把自己的名字添加到朗读者的名单中，由此推知，作者提及在上学期间的经历是为了表明自己对朗读的热爱。故选B项。
25. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“I’d thought about putting myself forward as a narrator for audiobooks. But I’m not an actor. I can’t do regional accents or play female voice.(我曾想过让自己成为有声读物的旁白。但我不是演员。我不会讲地方口音，也不会扮演女声)”可知，作者意识到自己还有很多的不足。故选D项。
26. 细节理解题。根据第五段“Then, last month, I was contacted by James Plunkett, author of End State, a forthcoming book about political ideas. He had no desire to read his book out loud, but as a fan of my program, he thought I might do a reasonable job.(然后，上个月，詹姆斯·普伦基特联系了我，他是即将出版的一本关于政治理念的书《终结状态》的作者。他不想大声朗读他的书，但作为我的节目的粉丝，他认为我可能会做得不错)”可知，作者受到《终结状态》的作者詹姆斯·普伦基特的专门邀请，所以成为一名朗读者的。故选A项。
27. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“It’s disheartening when the recording needs to be stopped because I’ve just carelessly skipped over a “the”, or had to clear my throat, or catch my breath.(当我不小心跳过了一个“the”，或者不得不清嗓子，或者喘口气时，录音需要停止，这是令人沮丧的)”可知，在录制过程中出现一点点问题都会重新录制，说明这种工作要求很高，结合尾段中的“Though tackling this 339-page book doesn’t turn out to be that easy, I’ve found the whole process awesome, and hope this becomes the first of many.(虽然处理这本339页的书并不容易，但我发现整个过程很棒，希望这成为许多书中的第一)”可知，作者觉得尽管不是容易，但是这个过程感觉很棒。由此推知，作者认为当朗读者是一份要求高但令人愉快的工作。故选A项。
C
The climate crisis may lead the human race to shrink in size, as mammals with smaller frames appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures, a leading fossil expert has said.
Prof Steve Brusatte, a palaeontologist (古生物学家) at the University of Edinburgh, suggested the way other mammals have previously responded to periods of climate change could offer an insight into humans’ future.
He described the potential plight (境况，困境) of people as similar to that of early horses, which became smaller in body size as temperatures rose around 55m years ago.
Writing in The Rise and Reign of the Mammals, Brusatte notes that animals in warmer parts of the world today are often smaller than those in colder areas, an ecological principle known as Bergmann’s rule. “The reasons are not entirely understood, but it is probably, in part, because smaller animals have a higher surface area relative to their volume than plumper animals and can thus better shed (去除) excess heat,” he writes.
Brusatte said that becoming smaller was “a common way that mammals deal with climate change”. He added: “That’s not to say every species of mammal would get smaller, but it seems to be a common survival trick of mammals when temperatures spike pretty quickly, which does raise the question: if temperatures do spike really quickly, might humans get smaller? And I think that’s certainly reasonable.
In a recent study, researchers studying human remains over the past million years have also suggested that temperature is a major predictor of body size variation, while scientists studying red deer have said that warmer winters in northern Europe and Scandinavia may lead to the body size of these animals becoming smaller.
However, not all experts agree that rising temperature causes mammals to shrink. Prof Adrian Lister, of the Natural History Museum in London, said the relationship shown by the recent human remains study is weak, while the strong correlations between temperature and mammal body size may often be down to the availability of food and resources.
Lister is also sceptical that humans will shrink as the climate heats. “We are not really controlled by natural selection,” he said. “If that was going to happen, you’d need to find large people dying before they could reproduce because of climate warming. That is not happening in today’s world. We wear clothes, we have got heating, and we have got air conditioning if it is too hot.”
28. According to Brusatte, early horses got smaller in body size in order to
A. keep warm B. avoid hunters C. stay cool D. keep balance
29. What does the underlined word “spike” probably mean?
A. Fall. B. Go up. C. Remain steady. D. Change.
30. What is the author’s attitude towards the new finding?
A. Objective. B. Indifferent. C. Confused. D. Positive.
31. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A. To demonstrate the relationship between nature and people’s lifestyle.
B. To cast light on the potential impact of changed mammal body size.
C. To introduce the correlations between climate change and human body size.
D. To warn people of the survival crisis mammals are faced with.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是对气候变暖与人类体形之间关系的两种观点。
28. 细节理解题。根据第一段的“mammals with smaller frames appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures(体型较小的哺乳动物似乎能更好地应对全球气温上升)。根据第三段“He described the potential plight (境况，困境) of people as similar to that of early horses, which became smaller in body size as temperatures rose around 55m years ago.(他将人类的潜在困境描述为与早期马相似的困境，大约5500万年前，随着气温上升，早期马的体型变得越来越小。)”和第四段的“The reasons are not entirely understood, but it is probably, in part, because smaller animals have a higher surface area relative to their volume than plumper animals and can thus better shed (去除) excess heat(其原因尚不完全清楚，但在某种程度上，可能是因为较小的动物比丰满的动物有更大的表面积，因此可以更好地散热)”可知，早期的马体形变小是为了对抗气温升高。故选C。
29. 词句猜测题。根据第一段的“mammals with smaller frames appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures(体型较小的哺乳动物似乎能更好地应对全球气温上升)”和第四段的“That’s not to say every species of mammal would get smaller, but it seems to be a common survival trick of mammals when temperatures(这并不是说每一种哺乳动物都会变小，但这似乎是哺乳动物在温度……时常见的生存技巧)”可知，在温度高的地区，动物体形会变小，这是他们应对气候变化的生存技巧，因此spike意为“升高”，和go up意思相近。故选B。
30. 推理判断题。本文围绕气候变化对哺乳动物体形带来的影响，呈现了两方观点：第四段“Writing in The Rise and Reign of the Mammals, Brusatte notes that animals in warmer parts of the world today are often smaller than those in colder areas, an ecological principle known as Bergmann’s rule.(在《哺乳动物的崛起与统治》一书中，布鲁萨特指出，如今世界上温暖地区的动物通常比寒冷地区的动物小，这是一种被称为伯格曼法则的生态学原理。)”指出Prof Steve Brusatte认为哺乳动物为了应对气温升高而体形变小。根据倒数第二段的“However, not all experts agree that rising temperature causes mammals to shrink. Prof Adrian Lister, of the Natural History Museum in London, said the relationship shown by the recent human remains study is weak, while the strong correlations between temperature and mammal body size may often be down to the availability of food and resources.(然而，并不是所有的专家都同意温度上升会导致哺乳动物萎缩。伦敦自然历史博物馆的Adrian Lister教授说，最近的人类遗骸研究显示的这种关系很弱，而温度和哺乳动物体型之间的强相关性可能往往取决于食物和资源的可获得性。)”可知，Prof Adrian Lister持质疑观点。因此，作者只是客观陈述他人的观点，因此作者的态度应是客观的。故选A。
31. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“The climate crisis may lead the human race to shrink in size, as mammals with smaller frames appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures, a leading fossil expert has said.(一位著名化石专家称，气候危机可能导致人类体型缩小，因为体型较小的哺乳动物似乎能更好地应对全球气温上升。)”可知，文章第一段提出气候危机可能导致人类体形变小，第二段至第六段讲到由Prof Steve Brusatte的研究发现气温是导致哺乳动物体形变化的主要因素。最后两段提到Prof Adrian Lister持质疑观点， 认为人类体形变化主要与食物和资源变化有关，因此作者写文章的目的是介绍气候变化与人体尺寸之间的相关性。故选C。
D
Thanks to in-depth reporting by the Wall Street Journal, we now know that Facebook has long been aware its product Instagram has harmful effects on the mental health of many adolescent users. Young girls, in particular, struggle with their body image thanks to a constant stream of photos and videos showing beautiful bodies that users don’t think they can attain.
While the information the Journal covered is essential and instructive, it does not tell the whole story. Deep down, this is not an Instagram problem; it’s a people problem. Understanding that distinction can make the difference between a failed attempt to contain a teen’s interest in an addictive app and successfully addressing the underlying problem leading to mental distress induced (诱发) by Instagram.
Critics were quick to shame Facebook for sitting on the data and not releasing it to researchers or academics who asked for it. Others criticize the social media giant for not using the research to create a safer experience for its teen users. The anger, while understandable, is misplaced.
While I’m reluctant to defend Facebook, I’m not sure it’s reasonable to blame the company for withholding data that would hurt its business. Have you ever binge-watched (狂看) a Netflix series? I assure you it wasn’t a healthy endeavor. You were in active, likely did nothing productive, mindlessly snacked and didn’t go outside for fresh air. It is an objectively harmful use of time to stare at a TV or laptop for a full weekend. Should we respond by shaming Netflix for not alerting us to how damaging an addictive product can be?
While it’s reasonable to say Instagram makes esteem issues worse, it strains credulity (夸张到难以置信) to believe it causes them in the first place. You create your own experiences on social media. For the most part, you choose which accounts to follow and engage. If you’re already vulnerable to insecurities and self-sabotage (自损) — as many teens are — you will find accounts to obsess over. And this isn’t a new phenomenon.
Before social media, there were similar issues fueling self-esteem issues. Whether the target be magazines, movies or television shows depicting difficult-to-attain bodies, there has been a relatively steady chorus (异口同声) of experts nothing the damage new media could cause young viewers.
Self-esteem issues have an underlying cause — one that’s independent of social media use. Instagram merely enhances those feelings because it provides infinitely more access to triggers than older forms of media. It’s more worthwhile to address those underlying factors rather than to attack Facebook.
32. The author thinks the criticisms against Instagram __________.
A. are successful attempts to change teens’ interest in addictive apps
B. address the Instagram - induced mental pain
C. are only based on the data released by Facebook
D. are not directed at the fundamental problem
33. Netflix is mentioned to __________.
A. compare the criticisms against it and Facebook
B. defend why Facebook is to blame
C. suggest the critics’ remarks are not to point
D. show Netflix does more harm to teens
34. The Instagram problem is essentially a “people problem” in that __________.
A. it is human nature to get addicted to social media
B. users decide on their experiences on social media
C. people have a tendency to feel insecure online
D. people are keen on fabricating their self - profile
35. What is the passage mainly about?
A. the unprecedented criticism facing Facebook
B. the alarming online habits of teenagers worldwide
C. the root cause of Instagram - induced mental strains
D. the harmful impact of Instagram on teenagers
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】本文为一篇议论文。《华尔街日报》报道中，Instagram对许多青少年用户的心理健康产生有害影响。但在作者看来，这是其诱发用户精神紧张，放大了自身的自尊问题所致，本质上是人的问题。
32. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Critics were quick to shame Facebook for sitting on the data and not releasing it to researchers or academics who asked for it. Others criticize the social media giant for not using the research to create a safer experience for its teen users. The anger, while understandable, is misplaced.(批评人士很快就指责Facebook搁置数据，不向要求提供数据的研究人员或学者提供数据。其他人批评这家社交媒体巨头没有利用这项研究为青少年用户创造更安全的体验。这种愤怒虽然可以理解，但却不恰当)”及第四段内容可知，作者认为对Instagram的批评并没有指向根本问题。故选D项。
33. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“While I’m reluctant to defend Facebook, I’m not sure it’s reasonable to blame the company for withholding data that would hurt its business.(虽然我不愿意为Facebook辩护，但我不确定指责该公司隐瞒可能损害其业务的数据是否合理)”及“Have you ever binge - watched a Netflix series? I assure you it wasn’t a healthy endeavor. You were in active, likely did nothing productive, mindlessly snacked and didn’t go outside for fresh air. It is an objectively harmful use of time to stare at a TV or laptop for a full weekend. Should we respond by shaming Netflix for not alerting us to how damaging an addictive product can be?(你曾经疯狂地看Netflix的电视剧吗？我向你保证这不是一个健康的尝试。你很活跃，可能没有做任何有成效的事情，漫无目的地吃零食，也不出去呼吸新鲜空气。整个周末盯着电视或笔记本电脑，客观上是一种有害的时间利用。作为回应，我们是否应该羞辱Netflix，因为它没有提醒我们这种令人上瘾的产品有多大的危害)”可知，Netflix被提及是为了表明我们受到网络的影响很大原因是自己产生的，不能完全怪罪于网络媒体，Instagram也一样，作者在此表明批评者的言论并没有指出问题。故选C项。
34. 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“You create your own experiences on social media. For the most part, you choose which accounts to follow and engage. If you’re already vulnerable to insecurities and self - sabotage— as many teens are — you will find accounts to obsess over. And this isn’t a new phenomenon.(你在社交媒体上创造自己的体验。在大多数情况下，你可以选择关注和参与哪些账户。如果你已经像许多青少年一样容易受到不安全感和自我破坏的伤害，你会发现账户让你着迷。这并不是一个新现象)”可知，Instagram问题本质上是“人的问题”是因为用户在社交媒体上决定自己的体验，不是Instagram产生了这些问题。故选B项。
35. 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Deep down, this is not an Instagram problem; it’s a people problem.(实际上，这不是Instagram的问题；这是人的问题)”及最后一段“Self - esteem issues have an underlying cause — one that’s independent of social media use.Instagram merely enhances those feelings because it provides infinitely more access to triggers than older forms of media.(自尊问题有一个潜在的原因，这个原因与社交媒体的使用无关。Instagram只是增强了这些感觉，因为它比旧的媒体形式提供了无限多的接触触发器的途径)”并结合全文内容可知，作者认为Instagram对于青少年用户产生心理影响，是其诱发精神紧张，放大自身的自尊问题所致。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is easy to get carried away in an argument. While having a rational (理性的) conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seem like a challenge, it is possible.____36____
The Empathy (同理心) Challenge in an exercise created by Zoe Chance, senior lecturer at the Yale School of Management. At Yale, Chance teaches a course called “Mastering Influence and Persuasion” where students learn to communicate more effectively.____37____“As they explain their position, you listen for their underlying (潜在的) values. Finally, you look for common ground as you reflect those values back. That’s it.”
____38____. As she couldn’t understand why many people chose to vote for Donald Trump, she found three Trump’s voters and spoke with them. Through asking questions, Chance was able to empathize with them and realize they had similar feelings. One man, an Orthodox Jew, explained that he supported Trump because Trump’s daughter and son-in-law are Jewish.____39____.The third was a lawyer who believed that authenticity (真实性) was important in political leaders.
Although Chance and those people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others. ____40____
A. One way is to approach the other person with empathy.
B. Chance first took this challenge herself before asking her students to try.
C. The next man was a Russian immigrant passionate(热爱的)about freedom.
D. And that’s the point of the exercise -to understand others as fellow human beings.
E. A research suggested that carrying conversation can boost people’s empathy for others.
F. In her blog, Chance explains that it’s important to listen to people who disagree with you.
G. Another man tried to explore reasonable persuasion without carrying away her underlying alues.
【答案】36. A 37. F 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。与持不同意见的人进行理性对话虽是挑战，但也是可能的。钱斯教授为了让学生学习如何更有效地沟通，自己先进行练习挑战，找到了三个特朗普的选民，并与他们交谈。虽然钱斯和那些人有不同的政治信仰，但依然能够理解他人的人生价值观，从而证明了练习有效沟通的意义。
36. 前文“While having a rational(理性的)conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seem like a challenge, it is possible. (在争论中很容易失去理智。虽然与持不同意见的人进行理性对话似乎是一种挑战，但这是可能的。)”说明与持不同意见的人进行理性对话虽是挑战，但也是可能的。结合选项。A项“One way is to approach the other person with empathy. (一种方法是带着同理心接近对方。)”符合语意逻辑，介绍与持不同意见的人进行理性对话是可能的的方法。故选A。
37. 前文“At Yale, Chance teaches a course called “Mastering Influence and Persuasion” where students learn to communicate more effectively. (在耶鲁大学，钱斯教授一门名为“掌握影响力和说服”的课程，让学生学习如何更有效地沟通。)”介绍钱斯教授让学生学习如何更有效地沟通的课程。结合选项，F项“In her blog, Chance explains that it’s important to listen to people who disagree with you. (在她的博客中，钱斯解释说，倾听不同意你的人是很重要的。)”承接上文，都是在介绍如何更有效地沟通的方法。而且人物一致。故选F。
38. 下文“As she couldn’t understand why many people chose to vote for Donald Trump, she found three Trump’s voters and spoke with them. (由于她不明白为什么很多人选择投票给唐纳德·特朗普，她找到了三个特朗普的选民，并与他们交谈。)”说明钱斯教授自己实验通过同理心进行更有效地沟通。结合选项，B项“Chance first took this challenge herself before asking her students to try. (在让学生们尝试之前，钱斯自己先接受了这个挑战。)”承接下文，钱斯教授接受挑战，自己先去尝试与不同观点的人进行沟通。故选B。
39. 前文“One man, an Orthodox Jew, explained that he supported Trump because Trump’s daughter and son-in-law are Jewish. (一名正统犹太人解释说，他支持川普是因为川普的女儿和女婿是犹太人。)”以及后文“The third was a lawyer who believed that authenticity(真实性)was important in political leaders. (第三位是一位律师，他认为真实对政治领导人很重要。)”分别介绍第一位和第三位支持特朗普的人，可推知，空处应为第二位支持特朗普的人。结合选项，C项“The next man was a Russian immigrant passionate(热爱的)about freedom. (下一位是俄罗斯移民，对自由充满热情。)”承上启下，符合语意。故选C。
40. 前文“Although Chance and those people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others. (虽然钱斯和那些人有不同的政治信仰，但他们能够理解他人的人生价值观。)”说明人们通过同理心可以进行有效的沟通。意在总结钱斯这样做的意义和作用。结合选项，D项“And that’s the point of the exercise -to understand others as fellow human beings. (这就是练习的意义——把他人理解为人类同胞。)”同样是在说明有效的沟通练习的意义。故选D。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was about nine or ten years old, I began to notice that I couldn’t read well and I couldn’t do simple math problems. I got____41____and I couldn’t keep up with the expectations of the class. My parents noticed that something was ____42____, and I was taken to some people who eventually____43____me with Dyslexia(失读症), ADHD(多动定), and other big words that I didn’t know. One day my mom told me that I was going to look at some schools and I enrolled at this private school- Greenwood.
Now five years later I know that my family and I made the____44____choice. I feel that I have gained many skills. I would be lost if I were____45____in public school. Greenwood offers a unique opportunity that we are all____46____to have in our lives.
I have____47____here. This has been my second home for so long, and saying good bye is going to be one of the ____48____things that I have had to do, but I____49____to. ____50____I am excited to be here about to continue my journey, I am also sad; this has truly been a life changing experience that I will never____51____.
Finally, I just want to say to everybody: Life at Greenwood is by no means ____52____. There is no way that it can ____53____, and that’s what makes it special. We are one big family, and like all families we don’t always____54____, and we don’t always think that some things are fair. But in the end we are there for each other, and that’s what____55____
41. A. relieved B. upset C. confident D. angry
42. A. different B. practical C. laughable D. promising
43. A. helped B. diagnosed C. provided D. trusted
44. A. careful B. strange C. right D. difficult
45. A. rarely B. never C. still D. even
46. A. ashamed B. regretful C. anxious D. fortunate
47. A. turned up B. grown up C. packed up D. opened up
48. A. hardest B. most scary C. greatest D. most pleasant
49. A. need B. have C. love D. seem
50. A. While B. Because C. If D. So
51. A. forget B. hate C. accept D. appreciate
52. A. busy B. harmonious C. perfect D. interesting
53. A. impress B. ignore C. save D. be
54. A. get around B. get away C. get along D. get ahead
55. A. disturbs B. earns C. hurts D. counts
【答案】
41. B 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. A 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. C 55. D
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在大约九岁或十岁的时候，开始注意到自己不能很好地阅读，不能做简单的数学题。很沮丧，无法跟上班级的期望。作者的父母注意到有些事情不一样，最终诊断作者患有阅读障碍症(失读症)，多动症(多动定)。五年后的今天，作者家人做出了正确的选择。给作者报名参加了所私立学校——格林伍德。作者学到了很多技能。
1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很沮丧，我无法跟上班级的期望。A. relieved如释重负的；B. upset沮丧的；C. confident自信的；D. angry生气的。根据上文的“I couldn’t do simple math problems”和下文的“I couldn’t keep up with the expectations of the class”可知，这令作者很沮丧。故选B。
2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的父母注意到有些事情不一样，我被带到一些人那里，他们最终诊断我患有阅读障碍症(失读症)，多动症(多动定)，以及其他我不认识的大词。A. different不同的；B. practical切合实际的；C. laughable可笑的；D. promising 有前途的。根据“ One day my mom told me that I was going to look at some schools and I enrolled at this private school- Greenwood.”可知作者的父母觉察出作者(跟别的孩子)不一样。故选A。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母注意到有些事情不一样，我被带到一些人那里，他们最终诊断我患有阅读障碍症(失读症)，多动症(多动定)，以及其他我不认识的大词。A. helped帮助；B. diagnosed诊断；C. provided提供；D. trusted相信。根据Dyslexia(失读症), ADHD(多动定)可知，这些是疾病, 所以选diagnosed(诊断)。故选B。
4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：五年后的今天，我知道我和我的家人做出了正确的选择。A. careful小心的；B. strange奇怪的；C. right正确的；D. difficult困难的。根据“ I feel that I have gained many skills.”作者表达了对自己在Greenwood的学习生活是满意的可知，换学校这个决定是正确的。故选C。
5.考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我还在公立学校上学，我仍然会很迷茫的。A. rarely很少；B. never从未；C. still仍然；D. even甚至。根据第一段最后“I enrolled at this private school- Greenwood.”可知，Greenwood是一所私立学校，根据上文的“lost”可知，如果我还在公立学校上学，我仍然会很迷茫的。故选C。
6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：格林伍德提供了一个独特的机会，我们都很幸运地在我们的生活中拥有这个机会。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. regretful后悔的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. fortunate幸运的。根据上文的“gained many skills”，“offers a unique opportunity”等表达可知，作者能在新学校能够学到技能，学校给作者提供机会对于作者是幸运的事情。故选D。
7.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在这里成长。A. turned up出现；B. grown up长大，成长；C. packed up打包；D. opened up打开。根据第二段“Now five years later I know that ”可知，作者在这里度过5年时间。故选B。
8.考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：这么长时间以来，这里一直是我的第二个家，说再见将是我不得不做的最艰难的事情之一，但我必须这么做。A. hardest最难的；B. most scary最吓人的；C. greatest最大的；D. most pleasant最愉悦的。根据“ This has been my second home for so long, ”可知，作者留恋第二个家，说再见将是我不得不做的最艰难的事情之一。故选A。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这么长时间以来，这里一直是我的第二个家，说再见将是我不得不做的最艰难的事情之一，但我必须这么做。A. need需要；B. have拥有；C. love爱；D. seem似乎。根据“continue my journey”可知，作者不得不离开。have to “不得不”。故选B。
10.考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很兴奋能在这里继续我的旅程，但我也很难过;这真的是一次改变人生的经历，我永远不会忘记。A. While尽管；B. Because因为；C. If 如果；D. So因此。根据“I am excited”以及“I am also sad”可知，此处应该是“虽然”的意思。故选A。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很兴奋能在这里继续我的旅程，但我也很难过;这真的是一次改变人生的经历，我永远不会忘记。A. forget 忘记；B. hate痛恨；C. accept接受；D. appreciate感激。根据“this has truly been a life changing experience”表现作者的不舍，不会忘记。故选A。
12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我想对大家说:在格林伍德的生活绝不是完美的。A.busy 繁忙的；B. harmonious 和谐的；C. perfect 完美的；D. interesting有趣的。根据下文的“we don’t always think that some things are fair”可推出，这是不完美的地方。故选C。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是不可能的，这就是它的特别之处。A.impress印象深刻；B. ignore忽视；C. save节省； D. be是。 There is no way that it can be(perfect) 省略了形容词perfect，前面是be动词。故选D。
14.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们是一个大家庭，像所有的家庭一样，我们并不总是相处融洽，我们并不总是认为有些事情是公平的。A. get around传播；B. get away远离；C. get along相处；D. get ahead提前。根据下文的“we don’t always think that some things are fair”可知，和所有家庭一样会有相处不融洽的时候。故选C。
15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最终我们会彼此支持，这才是最重要的。A. disturbs打扰；B. earns赢得；C. hurts伤害；D. counts重要。根据“But in the end we are there for each other”可知，重要的是我们彼此支持。故选D。
第二节(共10小题:每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Su Mingjuan, the former poster girl for China’s most ____56____ (influence) education charity, has recently come back in the national spotlight as a delegate (代表) to the 20th National Congress of the Community Party of China.
In 1991, a photograph of the then first-grader Su, ____57____ a pair of large, bright eyes crying for knowledge, ____58____(touch) the hearts of numerous people. Su was born into a poor farming family in Jinzhai, East China’s Anhui Province. The image of Su, then ____59____ 8-year-old girl, was actually taken by a photographer who went into the remote ____60____(mountain) areas to see how the Project Hope had helped rural drop-outs.
Su became the poster girl for Project Hope after this image impressed many people in China. Project Hope, which ____61____ (found) by the China Youth Development Foundation in 1989, is committed to ____62____ (assist) poor children get education. Over the past three decades, according to the official report, it ____63____ (transform) the lives of 6 million students from poor families nationwide, among ____64____ is Su. The picture of Su, entitled “I want to go to school”, has been reprinted nationwide in newspapers, magazines and billboards, and has since become a symbol of the country’s efforts _____65_____(promote) nine-year compulsory education among all school-age children.
【答案】
56. influential 57. with 58. touched 59. an 60. mountainous 61. was founded 62. assisting 63. has transformed 64. whom 65. to promote
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“希望工程”海报女孩——苏明娟。
56. 考查形容词。句意：苏明娟曾是中国最具影响力的教育慈善机构的海报女孩，最近作为中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会的代表，她又回到了全国的聚光灯下。此处应用形容词influential作定语，修饰名词词组education charity，其意为“有影响力的”。故填influential。
57. 考查介词。句意：1991年，一张照片打动了无数人的心，照片中当时一年级的苏有着一双明亮的大眼睛，渴望知识。此处表示“带有……”，应用介词with。故填with。
58. 考查动词时态。句意：1991年，一张照片打动了无数人的心，照片中当时一年级的苏有着一双明亮的大眼睛，渴望知识。分析句子可知，提示词是句中谓语动词，结合时间状语In 1991可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。故填touched。
59. 考查冠词。句意：苏当时她还是一个8岁的女孩，她的照片实际上是由一名摄影师拍摄的，他去到偏远的山区了解希望工程是如何帮助农村的失学儿童的。此处泛指“一个8岁的女孩”，且8-year-old是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
60. 考查形容词。句意：苏当时她还是一个8岁的女孩，她的照片实际上是由一名摄影师拍摄的，他去到偏远的山区了解希望工程是如何帮助农村的失学儿童的。提示词修饰名词areas，用形容词mountainous作定语，意为“多山的”。故填mountainous。
61. 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：希望工程由中国青少年发展基金会于1989年创立，致力于帮助贫困儿童接受教育。分析句子可知，提示词是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语which(即先行词Project Hope)之间为被动关系，结合时间状语in1989可知，应用一般过去时态，又因主语是专有名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was founded。
62. 考查非谓语动词。句意：希望工程由中国青少年发展基金会于1989年创立，致力于帮助贫困儿童接受教育。短语be committed to doing是固定搭配，to是介词，用动名词作宾语。故填assisting。
63. 考查名词的数。句意：据官方报道，在过去的30年里，它已经改变了全国600万贫困家庭学生的生活，苏就是其中之一。分析句子可知，提示词是主句中谓语动词，与主语it之间为主动关系，结合时间状语Over the past three decades可知，应用现在完成时态，又因主语是单数代词，谓语动词也用单数形式。故填has transformed。
64. 考查定语从句。句意：据官方报道，在过去的30年里，它已经改变了全国600万贫困家庭学生的生活，苏就是其中之一。分析句子结构可知，此处是“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students，指人，从句中作介词的宾语，用关系代词whom。故填whom。
65. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这幅名为“我要上学”的照片在全国范围内的报纸、杂志和广告牌上被转载，并从此成为国家努力推广适龄儿童九年义务教育的象征。名词effort后常用不定式作后置定语。故填to promote。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，是学校英语报记者，学校上周组织了“传统文化进校园”的活动，邀请了传统手工制作人孔明来校教学生制作湘绣。请你写一篇简短的英文报道，内容包括：
1. 活动的介绍；
2. 活动的反响；
3. 活动的意义。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
提示词：湘绣 Hunan embroidery
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Last week witnessed a “Bringing Traditional Chinese Culture to Campus” activity in our school. This activity, aimed at enriching students’ school life and exposing them to the wisdom of the glorious traditional Chinese civilization, was warmly welcomed in the whole school.
A famous craftsman, Kong Ming, was invited to give us students a lecture about Hunan embroidery. In the lecture we had a good understanding of the history of Hunan embroidery. Most impressively, students even learnt how to make Hunan embroidery under the guidance of Mr. Kong. Seeing their brilliant works of art displayed, they couldn’t contain their excitement.
With the students’ active participation and teachers’ enthusiastic support, not only did this event make students’ school life more colorful and helpful, but also helped bring the traditional Chinese culture back to the campus. It was undoubtedly a success.
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For years, Levinson, an experienced teacher in a severely disadvantaged neighborhood, knew that her young students had it rough—some were homeless, many were in foster care, others were jammed into garages or single rooms with eight to ten other family members—so she made sure that she was good to them every holiday season.
It was hard to do on a teacher’s salary, but from the post-Thanksgiving return until the Christmas break, every day Levinson managed to bring the kids some little holiday gifts—a packet of sweets, a pencil, or something. No matter how small the gift, her students were always grateful. And there was a good chance it would outshine whatever their families could afford to give them.
Then the pandemic hit and the district switched to online learning. Zoom(视频会议软件) opened the educators’ eyes to many other physical hardships their students faced. For Levinson, it was a peek (窥视) behind the curtains into her students’ home lives—and what she saw broke her heart.
One kindergartner spent her daily six hours of Zoom squatting(蹲着) at the back of a store while her father worked. Others attended virtual class in the rooms where their families were temporarily sheltering. On screen, some students had several brothers and sisters in the background, all sharing one bed and doing online school for various grades. Levinson began to hear a common complaint that they’d be trying to type on the computer, and that their little fingers were cold. In the winter, the temperatures dropped to 14 degree below zero, and a lot of the kids were working in unheated spaces.
Levinson knew she had to do something. But on her limited means, how could she possibly keep all her students warm? She created a simple wish list on Amazon: a blanket for each student to drive away the cold. “Help Keep My Students Warm and Bundled on Zoom,” she wrote. Her plea (请求) had spread rapidly.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Levinson started receiving donations from kind persons.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Every kid was looking forward to the exciting moment.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Levinson started receiving donations from hind persons. Besides blankets, they also brought other necessities for the kids to survive the bitterly cold winter. A young mother even drove a long way with her little daughter to offer pairs of their hand-made gloves and some school supplies. Just as quickly, the school was showered with so many items that the library stood unusable, piled high with packages from donors. After carefully sorting out the donations, Levinson made a detailed list to make sure every kid could get the stuff they needed most.
Every kid was looking forward to the exciting moment. At the sight of the gifts, the kids could hardly contain their pure delight, bright eyes wide open, most sharing their portions immediately with their siblings. One little boy wiped his hands repeatedly on his coat before taking over the soft blanket, a broad smile on this face. “Who should I thank?” they would always ask. Levinson told them to remain kind and pay it forward when they grow up. Cold as the winter was, all the needy kids were enveloped in the warmth from the nice and generous strangers.
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