压轴题10 宾语从句和定语从句-2023年中考英语压轴题专项训练（全国通用）

压轴题10 宾语从句和定语从句

题型/考向一：宾语从句的引导词、语序、时态

题型/考向二：主谓一致及定语从句的关系代词、副词

题型/考向三: 定语从句只用 that不用which 引导的情况

题型/考向一：宾语从句的引导词、语序、时态

1.宾语从句的引导词

（1)that引导宾语从句时，无实际意义，不充当成分，只起引导作用，在口语中往往省略。陈述句作宾语从句时用that引导。

We know(that) we should study hard.我们知道我们应该努力学习。

（2)whether/if引导宾语从句时，不充当任何成分，常放在动词（短语）know,ask,wonder,find out等后。但含有“是否”之意，在句中不能省略，一般疑问句作宾语从句时用whether/if引导。

I don't know whether/if my sister likes the present.我不知道我妹妹是否喜欢这份礼物。

（3)常见的连接代词有what,who,whom,whose,which等；常见的连接副词有 when,where,how,why,how many/much等。特殊疑问句作宾语从句时用连接代词或连接副词引导。

例I finally understand what he said.我终于明白他说的是什么了。

2.宾语从句的语序

宾语从句的连接词总是位于从句句首，从句用陈述句语序。

Does anyone know how and when it happened?有人知道这件事是如何发生以及什么时候发生的吗？

3.宾语从句的时态

（1)当主句是现在的某种时态时，宾语从句可以用所需要的任何一种时态。

例I remember Jim phoned you yesterday.我记得吉姆昨天给你打过电话。

（2)当主句是过去的某种时态时，宾语从句要用相应的过去时态。

例 The policeman asked the boy where he lived.警察问男孩住在哪里。

（3)当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观事实或真理时，始终用一般现在时。

The teacher said the earth is round.老师说地球是圆的。

题型/考向二：主谓一致及定语从句的关系代词、副词

1.引导定语从句的关系代词

（1)who,whom用来指人，who在从句中作主语、宾语；whom在从句中作宾语。

Success will belong to those who never say "impossible".成功永远属于那些从不说“不可能”的人。

（2)which用来指物，在从句中可作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。

－What shall we do next?我们下一步应该做什么？

－Take the advice which is given by Dr. Bloch.采纳布洛赫博士给的建议。

（3)that既可指人又可指物，在从句中可作主语、宾语。

I like the movies that are about Chinese history.我喜欢那些关于中国历史的电影。

（4)whose用来指人或物，只用作定语。

Chaplin was a great actor whose name is well-known all over the world.卓别林是一位闻名于世的伟大的演员。

2.引导定语从句的关系副词

（1)when代替时间，where代替地点，相当于“介词＋which”，因此常交替使用。

I'll never forget the day when/on which I won the prize.我永远不会忘记我获奖的那天。

This is the city where/in which I have worked for 20 years.这就是我工作了20年的城市。

（2)why在从句中作原因状语。

We don't know the reason why he didn't come yesterday.我们不知道他昨天没来的原因。

题型/考向三: 定语从句只用 that不用which 引导的情况

3.定语从句只用 that不用which 引导的情况

（1)先行词是指物的不定代词，如all,little,much,everything,anything,nothing等，或先行词被不定代词修饰时。

Tom did all that he could to get on well with his classmates.汤姆竭尽所能地去和同学们好好相处。

（2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

This is the best film that has been shown so far in the city.这是该市迄今为止所放映过的最好的电影。

（3)先行词被 the only,the very,the last等修饰时。

This is the very book that you want.这就是你想要的书。

（4)先行词同时含有人和物时。

I took photos of the things and people that I was interested in.我把感兴趣的人和物拍下来了。

1．（2023·湖北·统考一模）—I don’t know___ _during the summer vacation. Do you have any advice?

— How about visiting Beijing International Horticultural Expo(北京国际园艺博览会)?

A．what should I do B．when should I go

C．what I should do D．when I should go

2．（2023·湖北十堰·统考一模）— I’m sorry, but what did he say just now?

— He asked you ________.

A．who has been to the USA in your class

B．when did China become a member of the WTO

C．what was wrong with your computer

D．that China had wonderfully held the Olympic Games

3．（2023·江苏淮安·统考一模）—Can you tell me ________?

—For about an hour’s drive.

A．when did XiYou World of Adventure open

B．where XiYou World of Adventure was built

C．how far it is from the city center to XiYou World of Adventure

D．how you went to XiYou World of Adventure last week

4．（2023·江苏扬州·统考一模）—I think it’s beyond my ability to write the book report in two days. I really don’t know ________.

—Sure, you can. Plan your time properly, and you can make it soon.

A．that I can finish it B．when I will finish it

C．whether I can finish it D．how can I finish it

5．（2023·江苏无锡·统考一模）International students from Jiangnan University want to better understand Wuxi. They wonder ________.

A．how many underground lines are there B．that is popular to visit Turtle Head Isle at night

C．whether they could row a boat on Lihu Lake D．what they can see at Huishan Ancient Town

6．（2022秋·辽宁阜新·九年级统考期末）—I hear your birthday is coming. I wonder ________.

—By eating out with my family.

A．how are you going to celebrate B．when are you going to celebrate

C．how you are going to celebrate D．when you are going to celebrate

7．（2023·江苏常州·常州实验初中校考一模）—Boys and girls, what do you want to know about H1N1(甲流)?

—I wonder ________.

A．when the disease has happened B．why has the disease spread so fast

C．how long the virus started D．what we can do to fight against it

8．（2022·河北石家庄·统考三模）—Could you tell me ________ quickly?   

—I think speaking more is a good way.

A．what can I do to improve my English B．if I can improve my English

C．why I need to improve my English D．how I can improve my English

9．（2022·甘肃天水·校联考模拟预测）—I wonder _________.

—Someone who can make me a better person.

A．who do you want to make friends with. B．with who you want to make friends

C．whom you want to make friends with. D．that who you want to make friends with.

10．（2022春·重庆沙坪坝·九年级重庆八中校考开学考试）I’m not sure ________.

A．that he will come to my party tomorrow B．when our graduation party will be held

C．when will the plane take off D．how he will do with this problem

11．（2022·广西梧州·统考一模）I don’t think he’s ever been to the Monkey Island, ________?

A．isn’t he B．hasn’t he C．has he D．do I

12．（2022秋·河北沧州·九年级统考期末）The first thing________you should do is to quit smoking.

A．which B．whom C．what D．that

13．（2022秋·云南玉溪·九年级统考期末）— How do you like the movie The Battle at Lake Changjin(长津湖)?

— It is the best movie________ I have ever seen.

A．which B．who C．what D．that

14．（2022·湖北十堰·统考模拟预测）We should value the friendship ________ we have developed in the past years.

A．that B．who

C．whose D．what

15．（2022·湖北黄冈·校考模拟预测）Confucius (孔子) is one of China’s greatest thinkers and educators ________ have become popular with many people in the world.

A．who B．which C．that D．what

16．（2022秋·九年级单元测试）—Do you know Zhang Guimei ________ was honored as one of the “People Who Moved China”?

—Yes, she created the first free high school for girls in mountain areas and has helped more than 1,800 students to go to college.

A．which B．whose C．whom D．who

17．（2023·江苏扬州·校联考一模）—Can I help you, sir?

     —I want a new book   was written by Cao Wenxuan.

A．what B．where C．which D．who

18．（2023·云南·模拟预测）—A train crash happened in Ohio several days ago.

—That was really bad news. People all wondered ________.

A．that why it happened B．how did the government help

C．what caused the terrible accident D．how many people are killed in the crash

19．（2023秋·河北石家庄·九年级石家庄市第四十一中学校考期末）—Do you know the man ____________ spoke at the meeting just now?

—No, I don’t know.

A．what B．who C．which D．whose

20．（2023·湖北·统考一模）—Tomorrow is Father’s Day.  What’s your surprise for your father?

  —The first thing____ I will do is to make a card for him.

A．who B．where C．whose D．that

21．（2023·安徽芜湖·统考一模）There are many works of art in the museum _______we will visit tomorrow.

A．where B．who C．which D．what

22．（2023·江苏南京·模拟预测）—Do you know Li Ziqi?

—Of course. She is a beautiful girl ________ has made many videos to show a traditional Chinese way of life.

A．what B．/ C．which D．who

23．（2023·江苏淮安·校考一模）Have you found the information about the headmaster called Zhang Guimei in Yunnan ________ you can use for your report?

A．who B．how C．which D．where

24．（2023·江苏泰州·统考一模）China is ________ the US’ action on TikTok. “A lot of risks ________ are pointed out are not true at all.” said Chew（周受资）, the CFO of ByteDance.

A．against; that B．for; which C．against; who D．for; that

25．（2023·江苏扬州·校考一模）— Excuse me, could you please tell me __________ ? I forgot about it.

— Only in five minutes. You’d better hurry up if you don’t want to miss the beginning.

A．how soon will the film begin B．how soon the film will begin

C．how long has the film been on D．how long the film has been on

26．（2023·天津·模拟预测）- Could you tell me ____________________?

- You will stay with an English family and take part in their daily life.

A．when I should pay for the course B．what the best part of the course is

C．how long the shortest course lasts D．where I can go sightseeing after class

27．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考二模）—Do you know ________ going to stay in London?     

—No, I don’t. Maybe a few days.

A．when he is B．how soon he is

C．how long he is D．how often he is

28．（2023·江苏连云港·模拟预测）-Could you tell me ___________ the music?

- He used traditional Chinese music art and the sounds of an ancient Chinese bell.

A．how he made B．how did he make

C．why he made D．why did he make

29．（2023·全国·九年级专题练习）I like to live in a house__________is big and bright, but he lives__________he was born.

A．where, which B．which, that C．where, that D．that, where

30．（2023·江苏徐州·统考一模）- Next Friday is my mother's birthday. I'm thinking about _________.

_ Good boy! And please give my best wishes to her.

A．what present I gave her B．how I can give her a surprise

C．if I planned a party for her D．where will my family have a big meal