专题11+阅读填空 练习

这是一份专题11+阅读填空 练习，共36页。试卷主要包含了【2017·北京卷】第二节， 18 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
专题11 阅读填空
方法与技巧
题型特点
1.文章的篇幅较短，词数多为280～330，兼顾多种体裁，通常有记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等，要求考生充分利用所给信息，回答文章提出的问题。通常文章难度不大，关键是考查考生高效处理信息的能力，还要求考生对文章有更深层次的理解。但是题目并不容易，很容易出错。
2.考查对文章的结构的了解，把握住全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。
解题方法
通过对高考中“七选五”型阅读理原题以及大量同类试题研究可知，此类试题虽然新颖，但是也有其特有的解题规律，主要注重解题的窍门和方法，成功闯关，选准答案的难度并不大。将此方法归结为“通读全文、详读段落、定位选项、通读复检、确定排除”五步解题法。以下就此方法进行分析，希望此方法能为同学们的解题提供助力。
步骤一：通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。
在阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因 为•开门见山”与•结尾总结的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式—呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义，如果它是文章的主题句，就可以使读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作主题有了整体的 了解。如果末句不是主题句，则需要继续寻找。这时，可以考虑文章的写作方式是否为•结尾总结:式，如两者均可排除，则需在文章中其他段落寻找主题句，但要注意首段 与末段的提示作用。
步骤二：详读段落，在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。
　　文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。
　　步骤三：定位选项，明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。
　　在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。
一篇文章作为一个整体，是有其写作的线索与思路的，在选项定位中，要尤其注意文章的写作线索，文章的写作思路的连贯使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语均融为一体。如果带入选项后，发现文章写作线索中断或是前后矛盾，应更换其它选项。
　　步骤四：通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。 
　　在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。
步骤五：确定排除，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
在检查后，应再次查看所排除选项，进一步确定排除理由，以防造成易混选项误选。
体验高考
1.【2017·新课标I】第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insects bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.
37 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor`s bill for my son`s food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.
38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.
A．This time there was no tent.
B．Things are going to be improved.
C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
【答案】
【文章大意】三年前，作者对露营一无所知，也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几次露营的经历，作者和他的家人开始爱上了露营，甚至为露营购买了设备齐全的房车。作者认为露营是回归大自然的一个方式，也建议读者找到适合自己的回归自然的方式。
36. D 根据前文可知三年前作者认为露营和自己无关，而后文中表明作者热爱露营。暗示此处作者对待露营的情感态度应该出现转变。D选项中的however就起到了很好的转折作用。其次，If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping暗示作者态度的转变就在三年前，D选项中的since then“自从那时候起”，和前文时间吻合。故选D。
37.C 根据后文We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次露营条件很艰苦，C选项The trip they took me on was a rough one.中的rough暗示了这一点，符合语境。故选C。
38.A根据前文We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很远的距离去洗澡上厕所，条件很艰苦。而后文中Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. 说明作者第二次露营有床有空调 A选项This time there was no tent“这次没有帐篷了”暗示作者进行了第二次露营，而且条件比较好，符合语境。故选A。
39.F 根据后文we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.可知作者一家为了露营买了房车，里面设备齐全。既然花了这么大精力，说明作者一家人是喜欢露营的。F选项After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping“那次露营之后，我的家人开始对它感兴趣”符合语境，故选F。
40.E 根据后文It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.可知作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法，而根据前文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。E选项I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.“我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营”既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结，也很好的衔接了后文。故选E。
【名师点睛】
七选五的考查形式是给考生呈现一篇缺了五句话的英语文章，并要求考生根据文章的结构、逻辑、上下文的内容选出相应的五句话填入空白处将文章补充完整。具体的解题步骤有以下几点：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常有三个四个位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。有时有的答案表述上就是错误的，可以直接从备选项中清除，以降低难度。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。一般说来，记叙文的语言是按时间发展顺序或因果关系排列的，常用的连接词有：then, later, after that, soon, after a while, in the end, so, as a result, because of that等。说明文常采用总-分-总的结构形式，第一段说明要说明的主题，下面几段多是从不同的角度来说明问题，最后总结，所以各段之间多是平行关系，经常出现举例说明的现象。议论文先抛出议题，然后从正反两个方面进行讨论，最后得出结论。新闻体裁的应用文首句为主题句，下面展开细节性的报道。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，说明文和议论文这样体裁的文章，每段的第一句多是主题句。找到主题句有助于帮助确定选择的范围，即所选句子必须和该段主题一致。另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。文章的衔接手段有：重复式用某一词语或子范畴的词语，使用同义语表达，用总称指代具体事物或用具体事物指代整体，使用代词避免重复等。上述方法有助于段落的思路平稳在句子之间过渡。连贯使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语融为一体。段落一致与句子衔接是文章连贯的两个必要因素。
步骤五：区分相似项七选五备选答案中有两个多余的选项，会对文章中两个空的选择构成干扰，这时要特别细致地比对相似选项，方法和答阅读理解时区分相似项一样。
 步骤六：用代入法，检查答案是否合理。将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。
2.【2017·全国新课标II】 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. 36 ,there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.
37 .Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then. 38 .It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions.
When you need to someone, don’t do it in your own office. 39 .it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40 .If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter. Excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint(暗示) than when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.
A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no
B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work zxx.k
C. Set boundaries for yourself　as your time goes
D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area
E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available
F. It might seem unkind to cut people shirt when they interrupt you
G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not
36-40 BAEDG
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要围绕中断这一话题展开论述。由于在工作中被打断是一件令人感觉很糟糕的事，因此作者提出了几点建议，防止此类事件的发生。
36.“____，there are several ways to handle things”,根据there are several ways to handle things，可知下文是关于几种防止在工作中被别人打断的方法，此句与前半句构成一个完整的句子，根据语境分析。故选B。
37.根据后文“Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the of you can talk at a different time”，这一段主要是讲述，学会在自己很忙的时候去拒绝别人。故选A。
38.根据横线前“have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then”安排好时间，让他们知道你在什么时候回来，或者告诉他们，你会去找他们，再结合后文“It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions”这样做可以帮助你消除未来被打断的可能，根据句意的衔接，
故选E。
39.根据后文“it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are”，此句中it指代前文“don’t do it in your own office.”，也就是说此段中作者认为比起在自己的办公室解释，不在自己的办公室更容易点。故选D
40.根据“If you have a door to your office,make good use of it.”可知，此段主要是讲述关于如何利用自己办公室的门来防止被打扰。故选G。
【名师点睛】
本文37题属于七选五阅读中最常见的设空在段首的方法，通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。本题我们根据后文“Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the of you can talk at a different time”可知我们应该学会在自己很忙的时候去拒绝别人。故选A。当七选五阅读设空在句首时，还可能存在以下两种情况：
1. 属于段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2. 与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有   某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。比如，如果选项中出现时间年代时，往往要注意与原文中年代的前后对应关系。 
考点：考查说明文阅读
3.【2017·新课标III】第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock 36 Here is how to make one.
● 37 In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
l Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 38 That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.
l Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 39
l Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40 If not, take another look at other methods you could try.
A. Get a sleep specialist.
B. Find the right motivation.
C. A better plan for sleep can help.
D. And consider setting a second alarm.
E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何帮助人们制定一个计划去调节生物钟，确保起床不再是一件令人头疼的事。
36. C 根据后句中的关键词one可以判断，该空中应该出现单数名词。再通读全文可知文章是介绍如何让起床不再困难的一个计划，由此判断C选项符合语境。
37. B 本段内容是建议人们要先确定为什么要早起，早起的目的是什么，也就是早起的动机是什么。由此推断B可以概括本段中心。
38. G 根据下句内容可知，作者建议人们买一个可以定时的咖啡机，这样可以节约15分钟的喝咖啡时间，能够多睡15分钟，文中的a quarter-hour 和选项中的15 minutes呼应，是信息提示词。故选G。
39.F 根据段落小标题可知，本段是建议人们在周末也要坚持自己的作息时间，由此推断Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.和本段标题意思相同。故选F。
40.E 后句建议人们如果这样做没作用就尝试新办法，由此推断该空与If not对应，提出如果有效果的话如何去做。故选E。
4.【2017·北京卷】第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 71
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 72 We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. 73
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 74 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.
If Tononi’s theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night`s, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 75 “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.
A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B. It’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
E. That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G. Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.
【答案】71C 72E 73F 74G 75B
【解析】
试题分析：本文讲述了人和动物为什么需要睡眠的一些理论以及睡眠的重要性。
71.根据前一句When lab rats are not allowed to sleep,they die within a month.羊，老鼠如果不睡觉，一个月他们就死了，同样，人几天不睡觉，也会生病，人和动物对应起来，死和生病形成对应，故选C。
72.根据前一句提到的睡觉有助于帮助我们加强新的记忆，所以学生在学习新知识后如果有机会睡一觉，他们在考试中就会表现得更好，前后逻辑关系很顺畅，因果联系，故选E。
73.根据下文中的he，可知此处要提到一个人，以及他的理论，正好F项中有，故选F。
74.根据下文中提到的关键词synapses in the mice以及整个句子可知，他肯定做了关于老鼠的实验，G项有关键词synapses，mice，都与他的实验有关，故答案为G。
75.根据后一句提到的You keep what matters,你记住重要的东西，可知大脑会把最重要的记忆保存下来，前后逻辑关系顺畅，故选B。
【名师点睛】
  1、先看选项。跟完形填空不一样，七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。　
2、再看空前空后。由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。
   3、注意代词或定冠词。在做这类题目的时候，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，因为我们知道，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的，然后通过代词在句子中所做的成分我们可以推断出它指代的句子的类型，我们要做的就是从选项中找这类句型就可以了。比如第73题，代词的作用就体现的非常明显，如果看不到下文中的he，很难做出判断，但是只要看到了就会马上去设想前面必然会提到某个男性的人物，然后根据语境很快就可以锁定选项F，答案自然很快就可以确定。
   4、注意一些特殊疑问词。如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词，一定要把这句话仔细读几遍，因为对于不同特殊疑问词的回答方式是不一样的，比如对why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的词，对when的回答，后面要有表时间的状语，对where的回答，后面要有表地点的名词，对how的回答，后面要有方式状语等。
  5、注意一些连词。如一些表示转折的连词，but，However，yet，though，nevertheless等，另外还有一些表示并列关系的连词如and，also，aswellas，neithernor，eitheror，notonly...butalso，ononehand....ontheotherhand等。因为这些连词可以表现句子与句子之间的关系，通过不同的连词我们可以推知句子与句子之间不同的关系。
5.【2017·浙江卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Do Man-on-the-Street Interviews
The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the sport. _____31_____ But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.
l When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?” _____32_____
l Hit the streets with confidence. _____33_____ Say, “Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.
Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not intereste
Don’t get discouraged.
● 34 Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won’t be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. 35
● If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don’t leave work without them.
A. Limit your time.
B. As you approach people, be polite.
C. If you don’t own a camera, you can buy one.
D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.
E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.
F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.
G. With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.
【解析】
试题分析：本文主要讲了如何进行街道随机采访的若干技巧。
31.D根据空格后一句“,your first man-on-street interview experience can be easy”, 可知这是对于记者新人所提出的建议，而选项D中的”new reporters”正好与其相承接，故选D.
32.G根据空格前一句是个远非yes或no就可以回答的提问, 而选项G中“With a question like this…”,正好与其相承接，故选G.
33.B根据空格后一句所说的很有礼貌的提问，可知这里的建议应该是提问时要注意礼貌，而选项B中的polite正好与其相呼应，故选B.
34.A根据空格后一句“Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes.”可知这一段的建议是要限制采访的时间，故选A.
35.F根据空格前一句“A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten”, 而选项F中“That number of interviews…”正好与其相呼应，故选F.
【名师点睛】
本文【小题34】属于七选五阅读中最常见的设空在段首的方法，通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。本题我们根据空格后一句“Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes.”可知这段要求我们采访时要限制时间。故A项为本段主题句。
当七选五阅读设空在句首时，还可能存在以下两种情况：
1. 属于段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2. 与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有   某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。比如，如果选项中出现时间年代时，往往要注意与原文中年代的前后对应关系。 
考点：考查说明文阅读
6.【2016·全国新课标I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.”
A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example “bridge“ might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.
A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
【答案】
36.-40 D E G.F A
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了密码的设置和破解的方法。比如利用该字母在字母表中排序的数字来代表该字母，或者利用一些单词的首字母来组成一个密码等。
36.D考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。后句内容可以判断该空应该和密码的破译有关，故判断D项内容As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.符合语境逻辑，可以承接上下文。
37.E考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。后面举的例子是来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些单词的第一个字母来作为密码，由此判断E选项内容符合语境逻辑。
38.G考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。根据后面的解释内容可以判断这是介绍密码设置的又一种方法，故G选项内容Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.符合语境。
39.F考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。根据后面的举例以及前句中的 a code book可以判断该句是介绍密码书的使用，故判断F选项With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.可以起到承上启下的作用。
40.A考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。根据空后内容的转折可知尽管利用密码书可以破译密码，但是一本密码书也不会使用很久的时间，故判断A选项It is very hard to break a code without the code book.符合语境。
考点：七选五阅读理解
【归纳总结】七选五阅读填空考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题技巧如下：1.注重句式的对接，比如排比句，祈使句等。2. 注重词汇的衔接：也就是利用上下文所重复的关键词，即词的复现原则进行判断，其中包括同义词，原词和反义词的复现。3.注重举例或解释等。如37题和39题只需要利用for example来进行解题。
7.【2016·全国新课标II】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A garden that’s just right for you
Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 16 . But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.
●___17
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 18 . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.
●Recall(回忆)your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important. 19 --how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 20 then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.
A. Know why you garden
B. Find a good place for your own garden
C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters
D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers
E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants
F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too
G. For each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. E 19. C 20. G
【解析】
试题分析：本文属于说明文，美丽的花园能给我们带来美好的视觉享受，文章中给出了两个自己建设花园的的具体建议。
16.F 根据前两句提出：你是否参观过那些让你感觉非常好的花园？你也可以自己搞一个属于你自己的花园。故F项“你也可以把你自己的花园搞得那么美好”符合上下文串联。
17.A 根据本段前两句“Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料).”可知不同人对花园有不同的看法，再倒数第二句“然而，有很多能够解释你为什么想做园艺的原因”可知我们首先要搞清楚为什么要做园艺。故A项正确。
18.E 本段前两句提出有些人认为花园只是一些花花草草，有些人关心少用水少用废料。本句仍然在说明人们对园艺的不同看法。故E项“还有其他人只是喜欢在户外接触植物”与上下文一致，也是人们对于园艺的观点。
19.C 根据前句“......那些都不重要”可知划线句强调的是在园艺中对我们来说真正重要的是什么。故C项“重要的是我们搞园艺的经历”符合上下文串联。
20.G 本部分介绍如果我们自己建一个花园，要回忆一下年轻的时候所看到的那些花园，并把这些花园的优点写下来，然后制定计划并把自己的计划变成美丽的花园。故G项与上下文一致。
【名师点睛】
本文【小题17】属于七选五阅读中最常见的设空在段首的方法，通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。本题我们根据倒数第二句“However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.”可知我们首先要知道为什么要搞园艺。故A项为本段主题句。
当七选五阅读设空在句首时，还可能存在以下两种情况：
1. 属于段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2. 与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有   某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。比如，如果选项中出现时间年代时，往往要注意与原文中年代的前后对应关系。 
考点：考查说明文阅读
8.【2016·全国新课标III】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 16 But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult. 17 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.
18 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. 19 When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one.
There are many common methods used to cook fish.   20   First, lean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it’s ready to serve.
A. Do not buy it.
B. The easiest is to steam it.
C. This is how you can do it.
D. It just requires a little knowledge.
E. The fish will go bad within hours.
F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.
G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
【答案】
16. G
17. D
18. F
19. A
20. B
【解析】
试题分析：文章主要介绍了一些买鱼和烧鱼的常识。带有强烈气味的鱼不新鲜，最简单的方法是蒸鱼。
16. G考查上下文串联。第一句“Everyone knows that fish is good for health.”是总写，But表示转折，说明but前面一句是对第一句的解释，G项“鱼中的脂肪有助于预防心脏病”符合语境，故选G。
17. D考查上下文串联。题目前一句“Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult.”可知，购买，存放和烧鱼并非难事，再根据后面一句可知，文章主要介绍了买鱼和烧鱼的简单知识，D项“这仅仅需要一点知识”符合语境，此题容易与C项混淆，C项后面应该直接跟烧鱼的方法，即C项与后一句重复，故选D。
18. F考查上下文串联。根据“Fresh fish should smell sweet”可知，本段讲的是买鱼的时候要闻一下鱼的气味，故选F。
19. A考查上下文串联。根据前一句“Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh.”可知，带有强烈的味道的鱼都不是新鲜的，不应该买这样的鱼，A项与后句联系紧密，故选A。
20. B考查上下文串联。根据“Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot”可知，本段介绍的是蒸鱼的方法，故选B。
考点：生活类短文阅读
【名师点睛】
高考七选五解题方法
1.通读全文，了解文章大意。这是一个泛读的过程，目的是了解文章大意，为以后的理解做铺垫。
2.分析句型，了解语法构成
3.当我们了解了文章大意后，要明确每一个空是填一个整句子还是半个句子。这一点十分重要，它能够帮助我们迅速确定某些空的选项范围，比如，有一个空的结尾处没有标点符号，后文紧跟着一个句子的后半部分，很显然这时我们需要填的是半个句子，这时便可以在七个选项中找到是半个句子的选项，从而缩小选择范围。
4.明确关联关系。任何句子都是要么和上文有联系，要么和下文有联系，要么和上下文都有联系。例如第16空，第19空和第20空都与它们的前一句有联系。
5.带入通读，复查
做完题目切忌直接离开，这是我们很有必要将自己修正好的文章通读一遍，将其看做一片行文通顺语意连贯的文章来读，这是如果感到有含义不连贯的地方，很有可能是我们填错了空，就要复查了，注意：七选五的特点在于，错一道，往往还会错另外的一道或几道，我们叫做"连错"，所以当你发现自己有一处填的有问题时，一定要同时检查其它空。
9.【2016·北京】根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Science of Risk-Seeking
Sometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 71 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.
The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 72 As the quality of Risk-taking was passed from on ration to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.
So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one Killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 73
No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 74 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.
Mean taking some risks, so your brain raisers your tolerance for risk as well.
75 For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.
As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.
A. It all depends on your character.
B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.
C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.
D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.
E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.
F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.
G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.
【答案】
71. F72. C73. A74. E75. G
【解析】
试题分析：文章从科学上对追求冒险和刺激进行了解释。冒险行为与大脑的工作机制有关，当大脑的快乐中枢被激活时，人们就会采取冒险行为。
71. F考查上下文串联。前一句提到了“weigh the risk and the reward”，F项“然而，并不是所有人都使用同样的参考标准来权衡风险和回报”符合语境，故选F。
72. C考查上下文串联。hunting, fighting, or exploring狩猎、战斗和探索等活动是生存的必要条件，C项中的those是对这些活动的指代，故选C。
73. A考查上下文串联。根据“humans developed a range of character types...”可知，人们形成的不同类型的性格如今仍然存在，正是不同的性格类型才导致了我们对冒险行为采取不同的态度，故选A。
74. E考查上下文串联。E项中的when与“your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years”中的teenage years对应，故选E。
75. G考查上下文串联。根据“a part of the brain...while for the rest of us...”可知，本段讲的是冒险行为与大脑的关系，故选G。
考点：科研类短文阅读
【名师点睛】
  1、先看选项。跟完形填空不一样，七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。　
2、再看空前空后。由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。
   3、注意代词或定冠词。在做这类题目的时候，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，因为我们知道，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的，然后通过代词在句子中所做的成分我们可以推断出它指代的句子的类型，我们要做的就是从选项中找这类句型就可以了。
   4、注意一些特殊疑问词。如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词，一定要把这句话仔细读几遍，因为对于不同特殊疑问词的回答方式是不一样的，比如对why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的词，对when的回答，后面要有表时间的状语，对where的回答，后面要有表地点的名词，对how的回答，后面要有方式状语等。
  5、注意一些连词。如一些表示转折的连词，but，However，yet，though，nevertheless等，另外还有一些表示并列关系的连词如and，also，aswellas，neithernor，eitheror，notonly...butalso，ononehand....ontheotherhand等。因为这些连词可以表现句子与句子之间的关系，通过不同的连词我们可以推知句子与句子之间不同的关系。
10.【2016·四川】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 16 In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.
One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 17 Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.
18   They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally ger sick less often and less seriously than men. The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men.19    Scientists are still not exactly sure how influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency(向) to age more slowly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly. 20  
A．However, women, on average, live longer.
B .The biological factor plays an important part.
C. Women are also helped by their female genes.
D. The female hormones also protect the body in another way.
E. Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.
F. Therefore, women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.
G. Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control carious body functions.
【答案】16.A 17.G 18.D 19.C 20.E
【解析】
试题分析：女性比男性寿命长的原因。
16.A根据空格下一句：一般说，女性比男性多活6到7年。可知此处的意思是：然而，女性平均比男性寿命更长。故选A。
17.G根据空格上句：男性和女性之间荷尔蒙的不同帮助女性寿命更长。可知此空的意思是：荷尔蒙是身体生产的控制各种身体功能的化学物质。故选G。
18.D根据下句：它们帮助身体本身抵抗各种感染。可知此空的意思是：女性荷尔蒙也用另一种方式保护身体。故选D。
19.C根据下句：科学家仍然没有确切地表明基因怎样影响年龄，但是他们认为基因却是在影响年龄。可知上句：女性基因也在帮助女性。
20.E根据空格前两句：一些人认为女性身体细胞有一个比男性老化慢的倾向，另一些人认为男性身体细胞有一个老化快的倾向。可知E项符合题意。“最近研究似乎支持这两种可能”。故选E。
【名师点睛】
在做七选五时一定要注意空格前后句子的暗示词，可以准确确定空格上的选项。比如第20小题，Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency(向) to age more slowly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly. 20  句中的Some --- Others ---，是关键词，从这里知道这是两种观点。根据空格前两句：一些人认为女性身体细胞有一个比男性老化慢的倾向，另一些人认为男性身体细胞有一个老化快的倾向。可知E项符合题意。“最近研究似乎支持这两种可能”。故选E。
考点：考查信息匹配
模拟新题精选
1. 【安徽省皖南八校2018届高三上学期第一次联考】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips To Boost Your Confidence
_____16_____Here are some solutions to boost your confidence in the long run.
Always think positively
We all have negative voices inside our head. ___17___Start out slowly and push yourself to think of three good things about yourself every morning.
___18___
Take the time to look within yourself and asses what is possible to change and what is out of reach. It is important to focus on changing the things you have control over, because this is where you will see the most self-improvement. Make a list of three things that you would like to improve on and then under each item write a few bullet pints on how you will go about making this change.
Focus on the small steps for signs of improvement.
Make sure to focus on smaller victories. It is often harder for individuals to see their own self improvement when they are looking at the long term, but it is easier to pinpoint changes when you are focusing on daily accomplishments.____19____Whatever it is makes sure you follow through and then acknowledge your achievements by making a list and posting it somewhere easily in view, because small steps always add up in the end.
Stop comparing yourself to others.
One of the most common pitfalls(陷阱)that humans are guilty of is comparing themselves with each other. It is important to remember that what appears on the surface is not always what is reality. If you feel like you are constantly overwhelmed by trying to keep up with others, make a marked effort to limit your usage of social media. _____20_____ .
A. Be realistic with what you can change.
B. Try to understand body languages of others.
C. Building confidence takes time and patience.
D. Practice being award of how you hold yourself during the day.
E. The good news is that we can change these voice to only say positive things instead
F. Start small and have a daily goal of one instance where you practice defending yourself.
G. You will be surprised with all the free time you have to do other things and best of all you will have a clear, more condiment self.
【答案】16. C 17. E
18. A 19. F
20. G
【解析】 本文属于方法策略的文章。主要是对于提高自信心的小提示有三点：要积极思考，对你能改变的事情要实事求是；提高自信心是从小事的成功做起。
16. C
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据标题“Tips To Boost Your Confidence”提高自信心的小贴士，及空后的内容“Here are some solutions to boost your confidence in the long run”以下是一些提高你长期信心的方法。可知是与树立自信心有关系。故C符合题意。
17. E
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据小标题“Always think positively” 要积极思考。空前我们头脑中都有我们脑子里都有消极的声音。可推出要把消极的东西变成积极的，分析七个选项可知E. 我们可以改变这些声音为积极的东西。故E项符合题意。
18. A
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后的一段中的“asses what is possible to change and what is out of reach. It is important to focus on changing the things you have control over” 预测什么是可能改变的，哪些是遥不可及的。把重点放在改变你控制的事情上是很重要的，可知本段要让你改变的东西能实现的，即是现实的。分析选项可知A. 对你能改变的事情要实事求是，符合题意意，故选A。
19. F
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本空在小标题“Focus on the small steps for signs of improvement.” 专注于每一小步的提高。及“focus on smaller victories”。分析七个选项可知F.从小做起，每天都有一个锻炼的实例。与其相符，故选F。
20. G
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本空所在的小标题“Stop comparing yourself to others.”不要与别人比较。及本段大意：因为比别人比较会有内疚感，记住表面的东西并非是真的，不断地与别人比较会把你压垮，限制你的行为。再分析剩下的三个选项，可推断出B、D与本文无关，所以只有G你会惊讶于所有的空闲时间，你不得不做其他的事情（去疲于应付比较），故选G。
2. 【辽宁省六校协作体2018届高三上学期期中】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every one complains. Even if you argue that you are the happiest person in the world, you still complain sometimes. Sometimes you complain without even realizing it, but rarely is it ever helpful. ____16____ Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts:
___17___
When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone, stop and force yourself to say something positive instead. Seek the help of a cheerful friend to change you when you complain and help you to see the positive in the situation
Make a list of things you are grateful for.
You often complain about the things you don't have without noticing those things you already have. Be grateful for what you have in your life because you are lucky simply for being yourselves. ___18___
Learn to adapt to the changes.
There are many things you can't change. ____19____ Always find the positive side of each
situation, regardless of however difficult the situation is. With parents' and friends' support, you can survive any life changes.
Allow yourself to vent（发泄）your feelings every once in a while.
Constantly ignoring negative thoughts could add up. If you are really going through a rough time, don't be afraid to share your feelings with a close friend or family member or see a therapist.
Find what makes you happy.
___20___ Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career. Uncover what your biggest complaints are about and see if you can change the situation to make you happy.
Choose happiness, focus on the positive, and be kind always!
A.  Change the way you think
B  Make positive people friends
C  The best and only thing you can do is to accept them
D  Are you constantly complaining about your present job?
E   Sometimes this list can be easy, full of hobbies you enjoy
F.  So how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining?
G   Set down things you are thankful for and you'll see that you don't have any reason to complain.
【答案】16. F 17. A
18. G 19. C
20. D
【解析】每个人都有抱怨的时候，即使你是世界上最快乐的人，偶尔也会抱怨。本文主要介绍了几个方法来停止抱怨和消除消极思想。
16. 空格上文讲述抱怨是没用的，无益的，下文讲述下面就是一些停止抱怨，放弃消极思想的一些建议，因此推断空格处选F项“如何成功地让自己停止抱怨呢？”符合语境，起承上启下的作用。故选F。

18. 根据段落标题可知，本段建议把感恩的事情列个清单，感激我们所拥有的，因此推断空格处选G项“写下我们感激的事情，我们将会明白我们没有什么可抱怨的”符合语境。故选G。
19. 根据段落标题和空格上文可知，我们要学会适应变化，总有许多事情我们不能改变，因此推断，既然我们不能改变，最好的也是唯一我们能做的就是接受它们。故选C。
20. 根据空格下文可知，到了你做出艰难的决定换一份工作的时候了，因此推断空格处选D项“你总是不断抱怨你现在的工作吗？”符合语境。故选D。
3. 【北京市房山区2016-2017学年度高三年级第二学期第一次模拟】根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Think Positive and Feel Positive
When you’re in a stressful situation, are you confident or unsafe? Do you react positively or negatively?
_____71_____A study by researchers at the University of Notre Dame found that negative thinking, and depression coming from it, can be catching in certain circumstances.
For example, the researchers studied 103 freshman college roommates who’d been paired casually._____72_____ Specifically, the researchers measured the subject’s likelihood to see negative events as a reflection of their abilities and disadvantages.
After only six months, it became clear that thinking patterns and styles can be catching. _____73_____And students paired with more positive thinking roommates were more likely to become more positive in their thinking and report less depression.
_____74_____So they might be particularly accessible to adopting the thought and behavior patterns of people around them —perhaps more so than people in less intense situations at other stages of life.
But maybe not. Other research has shown that, in general, people are affected by how those around them think. _____75_____
A. The answer may depend in part on whom you’re around.
B. Now college freshman are in a unique, life changing environment.
C. However, think positive and feel positive is quite important for college students.
D. Students paired with a negative-thinking roommate “caught” that style and became more depressed themselves.
E. They measured each roommate’s cognitive weakness, or tendency to give in to negative thinking and depression.
F. So surrounding a negative, depressed person with people who think positively could be a powerful form of treatment.
G. But what was to the researchers’ embarrassment was that the subjects never talked with each and stayed apart from each other for most of the time.
【答案】71. A 72. E
73. D 74. B
75. F
【解析】本文主要介绍了要积极乐观地思考，当你处于压力状态时，你是自信还是感到不安？你的反应是积极的还是消极的？这可能部分取决于你身边人。让一个积极思考的人陪在一个消极的、抑郁的人身边可能是一个强大的治疗形式。
71. A联系上文，根据前文When you’re in a stressful situation, are you confident or unsafe? Do you react positively or negatively?可知当你处于压力状态时，你是自信还是感到不安？你的反应是积极的还是消极的？A项答案可能部分取决于你身边的人，符合文意，故填A。
72. E上下文串联，根据上句For example, the researchers studied 103 freshman college roommates who’d been paired casually例如，研究人员研究了103个随意配对的大一新生室友。E项他们测试了每个室友的认知弱点，或屈服于消极的想法和抑郁的倾向性，符合文意，故填E。
73. D理解判断，根据下句And students paired with more positive thinking roommates were more likely to become more positive in their thinking and report less depression可知和思想更积极的室友配对的学生更可能变得更积极 思考和减少抑郁。D项和抱着消极想法的室友配对的学生抓住了这种风格，使自己变得更加压抑，符合文意，故填D。
74. B归纳总结题，根据后文So they might be particularly accessible to adopting the thought and behavior patterns of people around them —perhaps more so than people in less intense situations at other stages of life.可知因此他们可能特别容易接受周围人的思维和行为模式，也许比在其他阶段的不那么激烈的情况下更容易接受，符合文意，故填B。
75. F总结归纳题，根据上句But maybe not. Other research has shown that, in general, people are affected by how those around them think.可知其他研究表明，一般来说，人们受到周围人对他们看法的影响。F项因此，让一个积极思考的人陪在一个消极，抑郁的人身边可能是一个强大的治疗形式，符合文意，故选F。
4. 【浙江省五校2018届高三上学期第一次联考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you don’t have a travel-friendly DVD player, or you want your vacation to be spent away from the screen — bring along these games and ideas for young kids.
___11___
Give the kids a map and a highlighter, and have them follow the route you take. If you want to get a little fancier than a sketch book and colouring pencils, then a laptop coloring desk is a great way for kids to keep occupied and make postcards to send to friends and family.
Try a game
20 questions: You think of a person or object, and your opponent(s) asks you 20 yes-or-no questions to try to figure out who or what you’re thinking of.
The memory game: “I’m going to the World’s Fair and in my suitcase I packed…” _____12_____Beginning with A, the first letter of each new item must start with the next letter of the alphabet.
Back seat bingo: Before you leave, draw up a grid (格子) for each passenger filling each of the squares with a different sight to cross off. ___13___.
Pack plenty of snacks
Try to vary the snacks between healthy, filling choices and less healthy treats. ___14___. Sweet snacks provide all important bargaining tools to prevent back seat fights and constant "Are we there yet?".
You could even try to involve the children in making the snacks beforehand, especially if you're baking. Being involved in the creation will make them even more interested in the snacks during the car journey.
Choose a family friendly audiobook
Pack a selection of audiobooks to entertain the whole family through the journey. If you're on a long trip, opt for Harry Potter so you'll never run out of story.
___15___
Kids imitate the noises they hear in places such as home, street, farm, or zoo. After 20 minutes of that, you may want to try the quiet contest — whoever can be the quietest and the longest wins a prize.
If you're very lucky after this game, you could just have some sleeping children on your hands.
A. Avoid loud noise
B. Hold a sound contest
C. But some healthy treats are enough
D. Bring along plenty of writing materials
E. Players take turns adding a new item to the list
F. You could even add the motivation for a prize for the winner
G. Try to pack enough that you can disperse (分散) them throughout the journey
【答案】11. D 12. E 13. F 14. G 15. B
【解析】　本文为说明文。作者介绍了带孩子旅行，为了让孩子们远离屏幕，提供了四种建议。
【名师点睛】七选五题型解题技巧
该题型对学生的考察能力总体从两个方面来考察；第一，把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系。第二把握微观信息间关联性。（即空格前后句间关系。 该题型选项大致可分为：
１．主旨概括句（文章整体内容）２．过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。
正确的解题思路分为两步：
(１) 首当其冲看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。
(２) 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。如第2小题利用空前后的内容推理出答案。
(３) 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。正确选项的特点：复现，包括同义反复，反义反复。
比如本大题中的第4小题中的原词复现，如如try to pach，同义词复现diderse与prevent。第5小题中的contest,noice与sound是同义词复现。
(４) 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。
11. Ｄ
　考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本段小标题后的内容“Give the kids a map and a highlighter,”（给孩子一个地图和荧光笔）和最后一句“make postcards to send to friends and family.”制作明信片。根据这两句可知，是要写东西及制作明信片，由此可推断出是用于书写的材料writing matetials ,分析七个选项可知是D。
12. Ｅ
　考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据第二个小标题“try a game”中的第二段中的空前记忆游戏。及本空后的游戏“Beginning with A, the first letter of each new item must start with the next letter of the alphabe” 从A开始，每个新项目的第一个字母必须从字母表的下一个字母开始。也就是从字母A开始，一个接一个地增加新的项目（new item）通过分析与E. Players take turns adding a new item to the list（玩家轮流添加一个新的项目的列表）一致，因此选E。
13. Ｆ
　考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本空前主要讲述另一种游戏“Back seat bingo”，以上的三种游戏结束后，根据常识可知要判断出谁是获胜者，最好对获胜者进行一点点的小奖励。因此通过对选项的分析可知F项给获胜者小激励。故选F 。
14. Ｇ
　考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据小标题“Pack plenty of snacks”中的下面的一段中要尽量多带些健康的小零食，少带点不健康的零食。及空的内容：甜点心提供了所有重要的讨价还价工具来防止后座争斗，并不断地“我们到了吗？也就是说甜点可阻止孩子之间的争斗及不耐烦的问题，也就是分散孩子们把注意力放在这些问题上。根据对选项的分析，可知G中有单词复现同词，如try to pach，…同义词复现如diderse与prevent，而且意思符合。因此可判断G符合题意。
15. Ｂ
　考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本空后的内容：孩子们模仿他们在家里、街上、农场或动物园里听到的声音。20分钟后，你可能想尝试安静的比赛谁能最安静和最长的得奖。本段主要是进行有关声音的比赛。通过分析选项，可知B选项中有本文中的单词复现，如contest,noice与sound是同义词复现。B项意思为进行一场声音比赛。故B符合题意。
5. 【云南省昆明一中2018届高三第一次摸底】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When you’re depressed （抑郁的）, it often feels like nothing in the world can make you feel better. ___16___ . By treating it like any other physical disease and taking correct actions, you can conquest your depression. Here are simple steps to help.
★Be active
___17___. You may feel exhausted and unwilling to take part in activities, but it’s been proved that activities fight depression. Exercising releases some chemicals in your brain, which help lift your mood. Even the activity of just going out for a walk, or a trip to the gym is an effective method of improving the way you feel.
★ ___18___
Feeling embarrassed or self-hating over your depression will only increase your symptoms. It also discourages you from seeking help. It’s important to have sympathy for yourself at those difficult times. ___19___. That is a much more appropriate attitude. Remember, depression is a very common and highly treatable, disease. It is just a matter of recognizing you’re feeling bad and finding the treatment that works for you.
★Seek professional help
Talking is a powerful way of beating your depression. If you feel bad, don’t let anyone tell you it’s no big deal or that you'll just get it over. There is nothing shameful about recognizing you have a problem that you alone cannot solve and seeking the help of an expert. Asking for help is a brave act. ___20___.
A. Don’t punish yourself for feeling bad
B. Put yourself in a social atmosphere to lift your spirits
C. Be curious, open, accepting and loving toward yourself
D. Depression will drop your energy levels and make you passived highly treatable disorder
F. Speaking to an expert is a healthy, productive and beneficial attempt
G. Anything that makes you laugh can help convince your brain you are happy
【答案】16. E 17. D
18. A 19. C
20. F
【解析】说明文。针对抑郁，提供有效的应对措施。
16. 该空前一句“When you’re depressed, it often feels like nothing in the world can make you feel better.”讲抑郁的人极难有好心情；后一句讲抑郁通过正确治疗和对待可被克服。根据逻辑关系可知，该空应围绕“抑郁”并起到转折的作用。故选E。

18. 该空为第三段的小标题，应根据段落主旨而得到答案。第三段段落大意为：尴尬和自我厌恶只会加重抑郁的症状，抑郁者应对自己怀有同情和接纳的态度。故选A。
19. 根据该空后一句“That is a much more appropriate attitude.”可知，前一句应该是对“这一态度”的具体阐述。故选C。
20. 根据最后一段小标题可知该段主旨为“寻求专业帮助”。该空作为段落的总结句，应该围绕该主题展开。故选F。
6. 【山西省（康杰中学，忻州一中，长治二中，晋城一中，临汾一中）2018届高三上学期第二次名校联合考试】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中冇两项为多余选项。
How to Become an Activist (活动家)
Activists are people who see the need for change and devote their time to doing something about it. ___16___ If you are interested in it you can do so.
___17___ This could be anything from a student club to a national organization (like the American Civil Liberties Union or the National Organizers Alliance). Most activist organizations offer different levels of involvement, so you can do whatever you feel most comfortable with, whether that means attending meetings and demonstrations or just donating a little money when you can.
Volunteer your time. One of the best ways to make a difference is to volunteer your time. Reach out to organizations in your community that do work for your cause, and ask how you can help.
Donate money or supplies.___18___ If you can’t afford to donate money to an organization that supports yours cause, you may be able to donate other thing, they need, like clothing or canned food.
Reach out to family and friends. Tell your family and friends about your cause, and invite them to get involved. If they are interested, share literature about your cause or just talk to them about what you have learned.___19___
Promote your cause on social media. You can use social media to help keep your friends and followers informed about the causes you support.___20___ Also, you can invite your friends to attend events or donate to fundraisers for your cause.
A. Take classes on issues related to your cause.
B. Join an organization that supports your cause.
C. They are driven by passion and a vision for a better future.
D. If you do volunteer work, invite them to volunteer with you.
E. Most activists or charitable organizations need resources to do their work.
F. Post useful articles and write about what you are doing to stay involved.
G. If you can’t reach out `to them in person, then try connecting to people online.
【答案】16. C 17. B
18. E 19. D
20. F
【解析】本文论述的是：怎样成为一名活动家？
16. C
根据上句：积极分子是看到变革需要的人，并奉献一些时间为它做事情。可知他们是由激情和对美好未来的憧憬驱动的。Ｃ选项中的ｔｈｅｙ指的就是Activists。故选C。
17. B
根据下文：这可能是从学生俱乐部到国家组织的任何事情。可知此空的意思应该是：你可以加入一个支持你事业的组织。故选B。
18. E
本文段首句：捐钱或物资。再根据空格下句：如果你不能为支持你的组织捐款，你能捐其他所需要的东西，像衣服或罐头食品。也就是说：大多数活动家或慈善组织需要资源来完成他们的工作。故选Ｅ。
19. D
根据空格上句：如果你的家人和朋友对你做的事情感兴趣，分享关于你事业的文献，或者和他们谈论你所了解到的。可知：如果你做志愿者工作，邀请他们和你一起做志愿者。故选Ｄ。
20. F
根据上句：你可以使用社交媒体帮助你的朋友和追随者了解你的事业情况。根据下文的ａｌｓｏ，“你可以邀请你的朋友参加活动或者为你募捐。” 由此可知F. Post useful articles and write about what you are doing to stay involved.（发表有用的文章，写下你要做什么来参与其中。）符合题意。
【名师点睛】
做七选五练习时，“尤其代词不可放”是说：在填空处的前后语境中出现的一些代词不可忽视。有这样一道题：”They can be rich resources to improve your knowledge.”我接着就问学生“该选项中凭空多出一个代词they，这说明什么问题？”学生回答：“代词是起替代作用的，一定是前文出现的事物被they替代了，找到被替代的名词就可以了。”结果往文中一找，前面的语境是“Volunteering brings together all kinds of people.”。这下同学们就明白了，原来they替代的就是前文的all kinds of people短语。这样的现象在七选五中是很多见了，能帮助大家解决不少难题。本题第１小题，根据上句：积极分子是看到变革需要的人，并奉献一些时间为它做事情。可知他们是由激情和对美好未来的憧憬驱动的。Ｃ选项中的ｔｈｅｙ指的就是Activists。故选C。
7. 【山东省菏泽市七县一中（郓城一中、曹县一中等）2018届高三上学期期中】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I have been living in Toulouse for over four months now and I can safely say that my ability to talk to French people has improved in an unbelievable way. I was told before I came out to France by a man I respected that living abroad would be the making of me.___16___Here is my four-step guide to living in a foreign country:
1.Integrate(融合) with the culture and the people. It is very easy to go to work and just come straight home but this will lead to periods of huge boredom and loneliness.___17___Until recently, I did not believe that a friend made on a year abroad is a friend for life but now I do.
2.___18___I joined a church in Toulouse and as a result I now have a place to go to practice my faith. If you are a religious person this point could really help you. If you enjoy your exercise, joining a gym is also a good idea.
3.Speak the language. Even if you can’t speak the local language well, at least make efforts to try and improve.___19___
4.Travel.___20___More importantly, it gives you memories that allow you to tell others of your experiences.
These are four things that allowed me to safely integrate into a totally foreign culture. Trust me, you don’t know how young and inexperienced you are until you live abroad for the first time.
A. Travelling around the country passes the time
B. I can tell you that his words proved to be true
C. Share with others some of the things you have
D. Get into organizations that help you meet people
E. Good luck to anyone who reads this and goes abroad
F. The best thing to do is to go out and meet people everywhere
G. This helps you become a more fluent speaker and more people will talk to you
【答案】16. B 17. F
18. D 19. G
20. A
【解析】作者针对如何在外国生活这一问题给出了四步指南。
16. 语义理解题。根据I was told before I came out to France by a man I respected that living abroad would be the making of me.可知选B。（我可以告诉你，他的话被证明是正确的，）
17. 语义理解题。根据Integrate(融合) with the culture and the people. It is very easy to go to work and just come straight home but this will lead to periods of huge boredom and loneliness. 可知选F。（最好的事情就是外出，遇见不同的人。）

19. 语义理解题。根据Speak the language. Even if you can’t speak the local language well, at least make efforts to try and improve.可知选G。（这帮助你能成为一个更流利的说话者并且更多人会和你说话。）
20. 语义理解题。Travel.这里提到了旅游，所以选A。（在这个国家到处旅游来打发时间。）
8. 【江西省百所名校2018届高三第一次联合考试】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We all know what it means when a nice envelope lands in your mailbox: Someone’s getting married, and they’re hoping that you can be there for the big day. While saying yes to the invitation is a relatively straightforward process, things can get a bit awkward if you’re not so sure about attending. ___16___. To help you get out of these formal engagements without feeling awkward, we’ve consulted Katie Balmer, a leading wedding expert in Scotland.
Follow the format
The level of formality should be informed by the way that the invitation was sent.___17___, you should decline via post. If the message came in an email, a simple email expressing your regrets will do.
Don’t put off your response
If you already know that you can’t make it for whatever reason, don’t hesitate to let the happy couple know why. “It is very important to respond in. good time.___18___,” says Balmer.
___19___
While it’s a nice gesture to offer a reason for your refusal, there’s no need to be extreme. A simple response will do, and it’s an especially bad idea to emphasize your reason if it’s cost-related. It will establish nothing beyond making the couple feel bad.
Don’t change your decision
___20___, it is important to stick to that decision. “Going back and forth only adds to the inconvenience for the soon-to-be newlyweds,” says Balmer. “As long as you are honest and timely, the bride and groom should understand.”
A. Make it up to the couple
B. Be brief in your explanation
C. If the offer was sent to you by mail
D. Do not leave it until the last possible moment
E. Once the decision not to attend the wedding has been decided
F. Otherwise, you risk adding to the couplers last-minute wedding stress
G. Turning down a wedding is a situation where you can feel very personal
【答案】16. G 17. C
18. D 19. B
20. E
【解析】这篇短文介绍如果接到婚礼邀请，如果没有时间要及时拒绝，不要拖延，也不要来回变化。
16. 考查上下文推理能力。根据上一句提到不确定参加的话，事情会变得很尴尬。推知下一句要表达拒绝婚礼会怎么样。G项意思是：拒绝婚礼是一种让你觉得很私人的情况。符合语境。故选G.
17. 考查上下文推理能力。根据这一段标题是按照格式来做。设空处后一句也是其中一种假设，推知该处也可以是一种假设。C项意思是：如果邮寄给你，你应该通过邮寄来拒绝。放在此处符合语境。故选C.
18. 考查上下文推理能力。根据本段的标题“不要拖延你的回复”，以及本段意思是说如果确定自己无法参加，不要拖延，尽快地让对方知道。D项意思是：Balmer说:“不要把它留到最后一个可能的时刻。”符合本段语境。故选D.
19. 考查上下文推理能力。根据本段中的“ A simple response will do”，可知本段表达自己的解释要简短。B项意思是：你的解释要简短。符合语境。故选B.
20. 考查上下文推理能力。根据标题“不要改变决定”，以及下文提到开会反复会给新婚夫妇带来不便。E项意思是：一旦决定不参加婚礼，重要的是要坚持这个决定。符合语境。故选E.
9. 【河南省八市2018届高三上学期第二次测评】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Meet the plant messiah(救世主)
Carlos is on a mission to save the plants.___16___Here is the conversation between Carlos and a journalist.
What started your love of plants?
I grew up in northwest Spain, in a region called Asturias. This is an incredibly biodiverse place, with the largest patch of primitive forest in Europe, plus populations of wolves and bears!___17___Within 30km, I could go from a lush, green world to a place of total destruction. I was fascinated by this contrast from an early age.
___18___
I didn’t have any formal qualifications in gardening, but I managed to secure an internship in the Tropical Nursery. I enrolled on the three-year Kew Diploma in 2003, and over the next few years I began to earn a reputation for saving endangered tropical plants.
How do you actually go about saving a plant from extinction?
___19___The hard part is often the government. Once you’ve found a plant that’s endangered, you need to convince the country’s government to let you come and take a cutting, and then you have to get the plant safely back to the UK so that the science can begin.
What’s next on your list of plant species to save?
There’s this palm on Mauritius that’s known as ‘the loneliest tree on the planet’. The species was once widespread, but there’s now only one left in the entire world.___20___
A. How did you end up working at Kew?
B. What’s been the proudest moment of your career so far?
C. But economically, plants are more important to us than most animals.
D. But it was also becoming one of the most industrialized areas in Spain.
E. We haven’t been able to grow it at Kew so far, but I’m confident we can do it.
F. Sometimes saving a plant is as easy as taking a cutting from it, or collecting some fruits.
G. From his base at Kew Gardens, he travels the world to rescue tropical species from extinction.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. A 19. F 20. E
【解析】这篇文章是Carlos与一位记者之间的对话，主要介绍了Carlos从他的基地英国皇家植物园开始，走遍全世界去拯救濒临灭绝的热带物种。
16. 语义理解题。根据Carlos is on a mission to save the plants.和Here is the conversation between Carlos and a journalist. 可知这里意思是从他的基地英国皇家植物园开始，他走遍全世界去拯救濒临灭绝的热带物种，选G。
17. 语义理解题。根据Within 30km, I could go from a lush, green world to a place of total destruction. I was fascinated by this contrast from an early age. 可知这里意思是但是它也是西班牙最工业化的地区之一，选D。
18. 语义理解题。I didn’t have any formal qualifications in gardening, but I managed to secure an internship in the Tropical Nursery. I enrolled on the three-year Kew Diploma in 2003, and over the next few years I began to earn a reputation for saving endangered tropical plants. 这一自然段提到了如何结束在英国皇家植物园的工作，选A。
19. 语义理解题。根据The hard part is often the government. Once you’ve found a plant that’s endangered, you need to convince the country’s government to let you come and take a cutting, and then you have to get the plant safely back to the UK so that the science can begin. 可知这里意思是有时候，拯救一株植物就像从上面剪一个枝条那么容易，或者是收集一些果实，选F。
20. 语义理解题。根据There’s this palm on Mauritius that’s known as ‘the loneliest tree on the planet’. The species was once widespread, but there’s now only one left in the entire world. 可知这里意思是目前我们还不能在英国皇家植物园种植它，但是我有信心，我们可以做到，选E。
10. 【吉林省百校联盟2018届高三TOP20十一月联考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Parents usually teach their children how to cross the street safety, by looking both ways for cars.___15___ The city of Honolulu, Hawaii wants everyone to learn that lesson.
___16___Beginning on October 24, you will be fined from ＄ 15 to ＄ 99 if you step into a Honolulu street while looking at your phone. Honolulu is the first major U.S. city to ban what is called “distracted walking”. It recently passed a law in a seven to two vote. The law says, “No pedestrian shall cross a street or highway while viwing a mobile electronic device.’ ___17___
The law includes all electronic devices with screens: cellphone, tablets, gaming devices, digital cameras and laptop computers.___18___ Pedestrians may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.
Pedestrian deaths have been increasing as the use of cellphones rises. The Governors Highway Safety Association, or GHSA, says pedestrian deaths in the United States increased 25 percent 2010 and 2015. That trend continued in 2016 with the number of pedestrian deaths rising to almost 6000, 11% higher than in 2015.
___19___The state of Washington was the first to outlaw distracted driving back in 2007. Now, 46 other states as well as D. C. , Puerto Rico, Guam and the U. S. Virgin Islands, have laws against texting while driving.
If you etill want to text while walking, you could avoid being fined in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait until you are again, safely, off the street.
A. The law does permit an exception.
B. Other U. S. cities may follow Honolulu
C. But do they also teach them to put away their cellphones?
D. Texting while crossing the street will soon be banned in the city.
E. Do you like Honolulu’s new law that bans texting while walking?
F. In other words, do not look at a screen when you cross the street or you could be fined.
G. The law’s creator hope it will lower the number of people hit and killed by cars in the city.
【答案】15. C 16. D 17. F 18. A 19. B
【解析】本文主要讲述了在夏威夷的檀香山立法来限制人们在步行时分心。
15. C根据前边Parents usually teach their children how to cross the street safety, by looking both ways for cars父母通常会通过两种找寻汽车的方法，教会他们的孩子如何安全穿越马路。后边是转折，C项但他们是否也教他们放下手机呢？符合文意，故选C。
16. D根据后边Beginning on October 24, you will be fined from ＄ 15 to ＄ 99 if you step into a Honolulu street while looking at your phone.10月24日开始，如果你在街上看手机会被罚款，D项过马路时发短信很快就会在城市里被禁止符合文意，故选D。
17. F根据前面It recently passed a law in a seven to two vote.最近，它以7比2的票数通过了一项法律，F项你喜欢在走路时发短信罚款的新法律吗？符合文意，故选F。
18. A根据后边Pedestrians may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.行人可以在街道上使用这样的设备来呼叫急救服务和救援人员，比如消防员和警察，可知这是有例外的，A项符合文意，故选A。
19. B根据后边The state of Washington was the first to outlaw distracted driving back in 2007.2007年华盛顿州是第一个禁止分心驾驶的州，可知美国其他的城市可能会追随檀香山，B项描述符合文意，故选B。
点睛：做七选五时定位选项很关键。明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构于具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索，使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。