02 Unit4 Space Exploration 语法篇-2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习(人教版2019必修第三册)

Unit 4 Space exploration

 Discovering Useful Structures

一、动词不定式作状语

动词不定式作状语通常表目的、结果、原因等。

a.表目的

They ran over to welcome the delegates.他们跑过去欢迎代表们。

He stood up to be seen better.他站起来以让别人看得更清楚。

b.  表结果

What have I said to make you so angry？

我说了什么让你这么生气？

He came round to find himself in hospital.

他苏醒过来发现自己住院了。

c. 表原因

不定式表示原因时般放在句子的末尾，说明主语产生某种情感（glad pleased、sad、worried、sad excited）的原因。如：

I'm very glad to hear that Li Lei has been elected secretary of the Party.

听说李蕾被选为了党委书记，我很高兴。

d. 作评论性状语

有些不定式用于修饰整个句子，表明说话者的观点或态度，我们称之为评论性状语。

To be honest，I don't like her.说实话，我不喜欢她。

二、动词不定式作定语

动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放在所修饰的词的后面。作后置定语。如：

Who was the first one to arrive？谁第一个到的？

The best way to learn English is to use it.学英语最好的方法是使用它。

When is the best time to plant vegetables？什么时候是种植蔬菜的最好时间？

①动词不定式作定语，它与所修饰的名词或代词可能是主动关系，也可能是被动关系。如果是被动关系，且句中含有不定式动作的执行者时，不定式要用主动表示被动。

He was the last one to leave school yesterday.

他是昨天最后一个离开学校的人。

We have much homework to do everyday.

我们每天有很多家庭作业要做。

②动词不定式（短语）作定语修饰名词且与其所修饰的词之间为被动关系时，如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词，那么其后应加上一个含义上所需要的介词。如：

I have no chair to sit on.我没有椅子坐。

He has no house to live in，他没有房子住。

【单句语法填空】

1. He came                 (show) me his new science book.  

2. The old man was too angry                 (say) a word.  

3. Our English teacher has many ways              (make) her class interesting.  

4. He got up early                 (catch) the bus.  

5. He has a lot of work                 (do) every weekend.  

6. They are looking for a room                 (live) in.  

7. He put his photos on it for everyone                 (look) at.  

8. There are many kinds of recreational                 (facility) in our school.

9. I have no chance                  (go) sightseeing with so much work to do.  

10. He hurried to the station to see Tom off, only                  (find) he had already left.  

11. While sleeping, astronauts must attach themselves to something to prevent                

(float) around.

12. They had                 (sufficiency) food to sustain life.

13. She solved the problem in an                 (intelligence) way.  

14. What can go around the earth without                 (rocket)?

15. John Glenn, the American who first                 (orbit) the Earth, was welcomed with 3, 529 tonnes of ticker tape when he got back.

16. Yet, they are not as                  (universe)as we think.

17. But I want to be strong and                 (independence) one day.

18. He                  (leap)forward and caught the ball.

19. Keeping your             (muscle) strong helps you to avoid back problems.

20. The doctors are busy doing what they can            (save) the dying man.  

【完成句子】

1. He is the teacher                 .  

他是下学期教我们英语的老师。

2. We shall be very happy                 .  

我们将很高兴在这个项目上与你合作。

3. I have nothing                 .  

我对这问题没什么可说的。

4. He is always                  and last to leave the office.  

他总是第一个到办公室, 最后一个离开。

5. The whole family went to beach                 .  

全家人去海滩度周末。

6. We are delighted                  that you’re going to visit us next month.  

很高兴得知你下个月要来看我们。

7. The next plane                 is from New York.  

下一班到达的飞机来自纽约。

8. Only by working hard can we                 (成功做好每件事).  

9. It makes you want to watch the next episode to                 (弄明白) what’s going to happen.  

10. He lifted a rock only                 .  

他搬起石头结果砸到了自己的脚。

11. Make sure that your boss know you                  (热衷做某事)be promoted.  

12. There are enough chairs for the guests                 .  

有足够的椅子给客人坐。

13. You should recognize                 (当前的形势).  

14. The scenery on the top is                 (难以描述).  

15. They                 (渴望去拜访他们的老师).  

16. She studied hard                 (怀着……的希望)being admitted into the key university.  

17. The tea is                 .  

这茶太热了, 不能喝。

18.             (确保) that you find the answers to these questions from them.  

19. This course will describe each of the planets in our           (太阳系).  

20. I worked hard                 (结果竟然失败了)at last.  

【综合】

【语篇语法填空】

China has once again proved its 1.________ (able) to change the world with the “four new inventions”：high­speed rail, mobile payment, bike­sharing and ecommerce.

They're related to China's high­tech innovation (创新), 2.________ has improved the quality of people's lives，according to a survey 3.________ (make) by the Belt and Road research institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University.

“My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat whatever I want simply with a fingertip on my phone，” said 4.________ university student, adding that “even pancake (烤饼) sellers are using mobile payment.”

The bikes themselves are not new, 5.________ the operating mode of bike­sharing 6.________ (base) on the satellite navigation system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies.

China has entered a new innovative era，thanks to large amounts of capital (资金) China has invested 7.________ (encourage) innovation, said Bernhard Schwartlander, WHO representative in China.

8．________ is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is 9.________ (especial) true of mobiles, where China is leading in many ways, such as the social messaging app WeChat. This is partly because China has skipped over the PC era and gone directly to the mobile era. China has the 10.________ (large) mobile use in the world.

【完形填空】

I was driving on the freeway when I noticed heavy clouds rolling in. A storm was coming. Glancing at the boxes of __1__ in the back seat, I smiled to myself. The rain began beating __2__ against my car window, making driving impossible. I __3__ onto the shoulder of the road and stopped. The rain __4__ me of Hurricane Katrina.

Hurricane Katrina struck when I was nine years old. I had __5__ it would strike us in Houston. It missed us, but other cities were not so lucky. I remembered watching the __6__. A reporter stood inside the Houston Astrodome, __7__ people. Many wore dirty clothes, and some had no shoes on their feet. I noticed a little boy behind the reporter __8__ an old teddy bear. Watching him, I knew I had to do something.

The next day, my friends __9__ me at our volunteer club and we came up with a plan. We wanted to __10__ toys and give them to the kids at the Astrodome, which would bring some __11__ into the lives of these families. We __12__ the word to our schools and other organizations. Three days later, the collection boxes were overflowing with new toys! When we __13__ the Astrodome with our gifts, children flew toward us from all directions, smiles lighting up their faces.

BZZZZ...  My cell phone brought me back to the present. To my joy, the storm had __14__.  “Hector. We have more victims of yesterday's tornado (龙卷风)．” “Well, I've brought clothes I'd like to donate to them. The __15__ delayed me, but I'll be there soon！” I eased my car into the suddenly busy traffic. It felt good to know that I was making a difference again.

1．A.toys　　  B．clothes

C．gifts     D．shoes

2．A.gently    B．lazily

C．merrily    D．heavily

3．A.came out   B．set out

C．pulled off    D．got off

4．A.warned    B．informed

C．reminded    D．convinced

5．A.worried    B．prayed

C．confirmed   D．doubted

6．A.news    B．show

C．game     D．performance

7．A.observing   B．entertaining

C．challenging   D．interviewing

8．A.hugging   B．kicking

C．selling    D．throwing

9．A.greeted    B．joined

C．bothered    D．annoyed

10．A.invent    B．select

C．collect    D．produce

11．A.freedom   B．happiness

C．motivation   D．belief

12．A.recited    B．took

C．whispered   D．spread

13．A.left    B．decorated

C．entered    D．measured

14．A.struck    B．passed

C．strengthened   D．approached

15．A.storm    B．traffic

C．kid     D．call

【阅读理解】

For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.

“It's no secret that China has always been a source (来源) of inspiration for designers，” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A＋E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion (时尚) shows.

Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China­inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics (美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.

“China is impossible to overlook，” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement.” Of course, not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China — some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.“Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking_on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs — and beating them hands down in design and sales，” adds Hill.

For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion.“The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers，” she says. “China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China — its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”

1．What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?

A．It promoted the sales of artworks.

B．It attracted a large number of visitors.

C．It showed ancient Chinese clothes.

D．It aimed to introduce Chinese models.

2．What does Hill say about Chinese women?

A．They are setting the fashion.

B．They start many fashion campaigns.

C．They admire super models.

D．They do business all over the world.

3．What do the underlined words “taking on” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A．Learning from.  B．Looking down on.

C．Working with.  D．Competing against.

4．What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Young Models Selling Dreams to the World

B．A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York

C．Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics

D．Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends

【应用文写作】

李华正在和同学张青谈论他的宇航员梦想, 请根据语境和提示完成对话。

Zhang: I 1.                 (很高兴得知)you are interested in the space exploration.  

Li: Indeed, I’d like to be an astronaut in the future.

Zhang: Sounds good. 2.                 (要想成为一名宇航员), you need to satisfy the requirements of a qualified astronaut.  

Li: Yes. First of all, I should study hard 3.                 (为了得到一个相关的大学学位). Besides, I must take exercise every day 4.                 (来保持健康).  

Zhang: Exactly. Have you heard Yang Liwei, who is the first man in China 5.                  (进入太空), went through lots of mental and physical training.  

Li: Of course. He is really a hero. He realized our dream 6.                 (探索太空).  

参考答案：

【基础】

【单句语法填空】

1. to show
2. to say
3. to make
4. to catch
5. to do
6. to live
7. to look
8. facilities
9. to go
10. to find
11. floating
12. sufficient
13. intelligent
14. rockets
15. orbited
16. universal
17. independent
18. leaped
19. muscles
20. to save

【完成句子】

1. to teach us English next term
2. to cooperate with you in the project
3. to say on this question
4. the first to come to
5. to spend their weekend
6. to know
7. to arrive
8. succeed in doing everything
9. find out
10. to drop it on his own feet
11. are keen to
12. to sit on
13. the current situation
14. beyond description
15. desired to visit their teacher
16. in the hope of
17. too hot to drink
18. Make sure
19. solar system
20. only to fail

【综合】

【语篇语法填空】

1. ability
2. which
3. made
4. a
5. but
6. is based
7. to encourage
8. It
9. especially
10. largest

【完形填空】

1-5BDCCA

6-10ADABC

11-15BDCBA

【阅读理解】

BADD

【应用文写作】

am delighted to know

To become an astronaut

to get a related college degree

to keep healthy

to go into space

to explore space