02 Unit 3语法篇-2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习(人教版2019必修第一册)

这是一份02 Unit 3语法篇-2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习(人教版2019必修第一册)，共6页。试卷主要包含了定义，定语从句中关系代词的用法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习过过过(人教版2019必修第一册) Unit 4语法限制性定语从句（that, which, who, whom, whose引导的定语从句）一、定义　　定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。1. 限制性定语从句　　它是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语, 如果去掉, 主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切, 书写时不可用逗号分开。如果关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语, 关系代词通常可以省略。Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction. 这里有些可以让你回到正轨的方法。Everything comes to him who waits. 功夫不负有心人。2. 非限制性定语从句　　它只是对先行词作附加补充说明, 如果去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚、完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切, 书写时往往用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句不用that引导。(2020·浙江高考)The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded by a high wire fence. 饥饿的狗熊跟随着嗅觉来到我们的营地, 营地被高高的铁丝围绕着。The contest, whose theme is “China in my eyes”, will be held in the City Library on August 18th, 2022. 这场比赛的主题是“我眼中的中国”, 将于2022年8月18日在市图书馆举行。二、定语从句中关系代词的用法1. who代替指人的先行词, 在定语从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)。“The great man, ”said Mencius, “is he who does not lose his child’s heart. ”孟子曰: “大人者, 不失其赤子之心者也。”2. whom代替指人的先行词, 在定语从句中作宾语(作宾语可省略)。You are a special teacher whom I will always remember with fond memories. 你是一位很特别的老师, 我将永远记住这些美好回忆。3. which代替指物的先行词, 在定语从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)。She wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds. 她穿着特别设计的肥肥的衣服, 这件衣服让她的体重增加到了180磅。4. that代替指人或指物的先行词, 在定语从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)。She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive. 她也说道, 可能有很多其他的基因帮助巴瑶族人潜水。5. whose代替指人或指物的先行词, 在定语从句中作定语。其呈现形式为: whose + n. 。In ancient China lived an artist whose paintings were almost lifelike. 在古代中国有一位艺术家, 他的画几乎栩栩如生。6. as引导限制性定语从句时, 它通常要与 such, as, the same 搭配, 即构成such. . . as, the same. . . as, as/so. . . as这样的固定搭配, 同时as在从句中充当一定的句子成分。I am glad to have the same medal as you have. 我很高兴拥有和你一样的奖牌了。A computer is so useful a machine as we can use everyday. 电脑很有用, 我们每天都能用到。【注】1.the same. . . that/as区别the same. . . that表示“同一个”(同一性)the same. . . as表示“类似的一个, 而不是同一个”(相似性)This is the same watch that I lost. 这就是我丢的那块手表。(同一个)I have bought the same watch as you have. 我买了一块和你一样的手表。(相似的, 非同一个)2.关系代词的用法与分类依据：根据所引导的从句的限制性和非限制性; 根据所替代的先行词是指人还是指物; 根据它在从句中所充当的成分——主语、宾语或定语。三、关系代词that与which的用法辨析1. 只用that而不用which 的情况(1)先行词有形容词最高级修饰时It is the greatest achievement that we have ever made. 这是我们有史以来取得的最大的成就。(2)先行词有序数词修饰时It is the first Winter Olympics that will be held in China. 这是第一届将在中国举办的冬季奥运会。(3)先行词为all, much, few, little, everything, anything, nothing, none 等不定代词, 或被不定代词修饰时She listens attentively and tries to catch everything that the teacher says in class. 她听得很专心, 努力学会老师在课上讲授的所有内容。(4)先行词既有人又有物时We like talking about the people and things that we saw in the TV play. 我们喜欢谈论在电视剧里看到的人和事。(5)先行词前面有the very, the only, the last, the same等修饰时Dad and Mom, my dream is the very one that you always have. 爸爸, 妈妈, 我的梦想就是你们的梦想。(6)关系代词在限制性定语从句中作表语时Our school is no longer the school that it used to be. 我们的学校不再是以前的样子了。2. 只用which 而不用that 的情况(1)引导非限制性定语从句时The first, which I take to reading every spring, is Ernest Hemingway’s A Moveable Feast. 我每个春天都喜欢读的第一本书是欧内斯特·海明威的《流动的盛宴》。(2)在定语从句中, 关系代词前有介词时Our class participated in an English oral competition, in which we came first. 我们班参加了英语口语比赛, 在比赛中我们获得了第一名。【注】强调句与定语从句的区别　　强调句和定语从句都是由it引导的句型结构构成的, 区别在于强调句中that不充当成分, 但不能被省略; 而定语从句中that充当成分, 并且当充当的成分是宾语时可以被省略。It was the student that/who asked the silly question. 就是这个学生问了这么一个愚蠢的问题。(强调句)He was the student who asked the silly question. 他就是那个问了愚蠢问题的学生。(定语从句)Ⅰ. 单句语法填空1. Since the old man has stopped breathing, there is little ____________ I can do for him. 2. I get along well with the boy ____________ does well in maths. 3. Thank you for your letter, ____________ really made me happy. 4. We’re collecting money for those ____________ homes were destroyed by the earthquake. 5. I really want to have the same phone ____________ you have bought. 6. I visited the school yesterday ____________ was built fifty years ago. 7. Do not follow the people ____________ make you feel not-good-enough. 8. Yesterday was one of the coldest days ____________ I have ever known. 9. There are a total of 1, 000 workers in this company, two thirds of ____________ are women. 10. I miss the teachers and the kindergarten ____________ my parents think highly of. II. 用适当的关系词填空1. We chose to buy the house ____________ window faces south. 2. You’ll find taxis waiting at the station ____________ you can hire to reach your host family. 3. I’d like to express my appreciation for the people to ____________I have turned.  4. The research found that people ____________keep fit are more likely to have better memories and clearer thinking.  5. Working in the company is the very chance ____________ you can grasp during the summer holiday. 6. A study shows the students who join in after-school activities are happier than those ____________ are not. 7. They rushed over to help the man ____________ car had broken down. 8. The house in ____________ Lu Xun once lived is a museum now. III. 用定语从句合并两个句子1. I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music. ___________________________________________________2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress. I gave it to her. ___________________________________________________3. The student’s article was published. I know the student. ___________________________________________________4. Han Meimei is studying English very well. She has never been abroad. ___________________________________________________5. My grandparents live in a house. It is more than 100 years old. ___________________________________________________6. The computer is too slow. I bought the computer four years ago. ___________________________________________________7. The man created the famous university. The man never finished college. ___________________________________________________8. I have ever seen the film. It is the most interesting film. ___________________________________________________9. They talked about the people and the things. They remembered them in old days. ___________________________________________________10. The man laughed at you just now. Who is the man? ___________________________________________________ 参考答案Ⅰ. 1. Since the old man has stopped breathing, there is little that I can do for him. 2. I get along well with the boy that/who does well in maths. 3. Thank you for your letter, which really made me happy. 4. We’re collecting money for those whose homes were destroyed by the earthquake. 5. I really want to have the same phone as you have bought. 6. I visited the school yesterday that/which was built fifty years ago. 7. Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. 8. Yesterday was one of the coldest days that I have ever known. 9. There are a total of 1, 000 workers in this company, two thirds of whom are women. 10. I miss the teachers and the kindergarten that my parents think highly of. II. 1. We chose to buy the house whose window faces south. 2. You’ll find taxis waiting at the station that/which you can hire to reach your host family. 3. I’d like to express my appreciation for the people to whom I have turned.  4. The research found that people who keep fit are more likely to have better memories and clearer thinking.  5. Working in the company is the very chance that you can grasp during the summer holiday. 6. A study shows the students who join in after-school activities are happier than those who are not. 7. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 8. The house in which Lu Xun once lived is a museum now. III. 1. I have a friend who likes listening to classical music.  2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that/which I gave her.  3.I know the student whose article was published.  4.Han Meimei, who has never been abroad, is studying English very well.  5.My grandparents live in a house which is more than 100 years old.  6.The computer which/that I bought four years ago is too slow.  7.The man who/that created the famous university never finished college.  8. It is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.  9. They talked about the people and the things that they remembered in old days.  10.Who is the man that laughed at you just now?