2023年高考英语考前模拟考场练手卷（全国甲卷）03（Word版附解析）

这是一份2023年高考英语考前模拟考场练手卷（全国甲卷）03（Word版附解析），共28页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，B．58，5分，满分37，75 hurs，考查不定代词，考查时态，考查名词，考查冠词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年高考英语考前模拟考场练手卷（全国甲卷）03
（解析版）

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man care most about the phone?
A．Its price. B．Its design. C．Its model.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Could you tell me how much the phone costs?
W: Around $ 800. This is the latest model, and it’s very popular with white collars.
M: Do you offer any discount? If not, could you introduce me something cheaper?
2．How does the man prefer to go to the airport?
A．By taxi. B．By subway. C．By bus.
【答案】B
【原文】W: What about going to the airport by bus? I want to have a good look at the city before leaving.
M: I don’t think that’s a good idea. We don’t have much time.
W: Then what about taking a taxi?
M: No. Remember, we still have a cheap and fast choice. We can take the subway.
3．Where does the conversation. take place?
A．In an office. B．In a restaurant. C．In a store.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Excuse me, would it be possible to get a table for three now?
M: I’m afraid all of our tables are filled right now, ma’am. It should be 20 to 30 minutes before a table is available. If you like, you can sit at the front and look at the menu while you’re waiting.
4．What will the woman do to cool down?
A．Go outside.
B．Open the window.
C．Turn on the air conditioner.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Could you please open the window? It’s a little hot in here.
W: Do you mind if I turn on the air conditioner instead? It’s a busy street so I’m afraid it would be noisy outside.
M: Not at all. That would be great.
5．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．A robot. B．A zoo. C．A hotel.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Have you heard of FlyZoo Hotel in Hangzhou?
M: Yes. It is Alibaba’s first “future hotel”. No people work there but robots. I expect to stay there one day.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．Why is John calling Maria?
A．To ask for a ride. B．To discuss a meeting. C．To borrow her car.
7．When will the speakers meet?
A．At 7:10. B．At 7:30. C．At 7:40.
【答案】6．A    7．C
【原文】M: Hi, Maria. It’s John. Sorry to call you so early. Can you give me a ride to work this morning? My car broke down late last night, and it’s being fixed in the repair shop.
W: I’d be delighted to, but I have to go to work early to prepare for an important meeting. Do you mind leaving 30 minutes earlier than usual?
M: Not at all! I will be ready to be picked up in 10 minutes, that’s 7:30.
W: You can make that 20. I need some time to get dressed before going out.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What problem did Jack meet in Florida?
A．He got sun-burnt badly.
B．The weather was changeable.
C．There were too many tourists.
9．With whom did the woman go to Queens town?
A．Her friends. B．Her father. C．Her husband.
10．What will the woman do for Jack?
A．Buy him a gift.
B．Teach him how to dive.
C．Show him some pictures.
【答案】8．C    9．A    10．C
【原文】W: Well, how was your honeymoon, Jack?
M: It was fantastic! We had such a good time in Florida. But it was their high season, so we spent hours queuing.
W: Was the weather fine there?
M: Yes. Florida had great weather while we were there. By the way, you look sunburnt. Where have you traveled?
W: Well, my husband was busy with his work. My friends and I just got back from Queenstown, New Zealand.
M: Wow! Queens town has some of the best beaches in the world, doesn’t it?
W: Yes, we are lucky. My friend’s father owned a resort there. We visited the place free. The scenery there attracts us. By the way, I bought a gift for you there. Here you are.
M: Oh, thank you so much. Did you take diving classes while you were there?
W: Yes.
M: Diving must be very interesting. Did you take any pictures?
W: Yeah. I’ve also got quite a few pictures of all different kinds of fishes. I’ll show them to you.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Brother and sister. B．Classmates. C．Teacher and student.
12．When will Teresa sign up for after-school tutoring?
A．On Monday. B．On Tuesday. C．On Wednesday.
13．What will the boy do next?
A．Call Mr. Brown.
B．Apologize to Nancy.
C．Buy a new doll house.
【答案】11．B    12．B    13．A
【原文】M: Teresa, it’s break time and what are you busy doing?
W: I’ve been trying to solve this physics problem.
M: We have to turn it in before Friday. It’s only Monday today. Why not get some after-school tutoring?
W: Good idea! I guess I will go to sign up for the Wednesday session tomorrow. I’ll be free that day M: OK. Since your problem has been solved, could you give me a hand? I need to build a new doll house for my sister Nancy. I put away her doll house from her room. Accidentally I dropped it on the ground and it was broken into pieces.
W: Oh, it’s terrible! But I have never built anything before. Mr. Brown used to be a carpenter. You can ask if he could help you. Why don’t you give him a call?
M: You are right. With Mr. Brown’s help, I can finish it in no time.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．At what age did Michael’s grandfather retire?
A．55. B．58. C．61.
15．How would his retired life be in Michael’s grandfather’s opinion?
A．Colorful. B．Poor. C．Dull.
16．Why did Michael’s grandfather finally retire?
A．To help out a young man.
B．To work at the Union Office.
C．To spend time with his family.
17．What is Michael’s grandfather learning now?
A．Skating. B．Painting. C．Swimming.
【答案】14．A    15．C    16．A    17．B
【原文】W: Michael, who is the old man in the picture?
M: It’s my grandfather. He took it while he was still working at the construction field.
W: So has he retired from the construction field?
M: Yes. He’s sixty-one years old now, and he retired six years ago. But he had trouble deciding if he should retire at first.
W: Why?
M: Because he felt he was still strong Besides, he really loved working. He feared his retired life would be too boring
W: Then why did he decide to retire in the end?
M: He made the decision after he ran into a younger man who was his former workmate. The young man had a
wife and three children and was finding it difficult to make ends meet since he hadn’t worked for some time.
So the next morning. my grandfather went to the Union Office and handed in his retirement paperwork. As for his replacement, he gave them the name of the young man.
W: Your grandfather was really awesome. So what does he do now?
M: He is still busy taking courses to learn new things. He learned swimming last year. And now he’s attending a painting class.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What did wildlife officials decide to do with the washed-up dolphin?
A．Clear her stomach.
B．Put her back to the sea.
C．Kill her in a painless way.
19．What was still unknown yet?
A．Why the dolphin got sick.
B．Whether the dolphin was pregnant.
C．What was in the dolphin’s stomach.
20．Where is the talk probably being given?
A．In a lecture hall. B．At a radio studio. C．On the beach.
【答案】18．C    19．A    20．B
【原文】
W: Now the last news of this hour. A female dolphin washed up on Florida’s Fort Myers Beach on Tuesday, according to local news station WFLA. Rescue workers had tried to save the young animal, but she was in such poor health that wildlife officials decided to kill her in a painless way. On Friday, photos of the dolphin’s stomach contents were posted on the Internet, showing she had eaten two plastic bags along with a piece of a balloon. While officials noted the stomach contents were an important finding. They said that it was as yet unclear what exactly caused the dolphin’s illness. Even so, the post said that the presence of the bags and balloon shows the need to reduce single-use plastic. Reports of sea animals found with plastic in their stomachs are becoming common. In March, 2019, a pregnant whale washed up dead off the coast of Italy with 49 pounds of plastic in her stomach. The same month, a beached whale found dead on the shores of the Philippines had 88 pounds of plastic in its stomach, including many plastic bags. Thank you for your listening. What comes next is Health Time.

第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
3 Hour Off-Road Sunset Safari to Grand Canyon with Entrance Gate Detour
Overview
Experience spectacular views of the Grand Canyon South Rim without the crowds. With this tour, you’ll take the road less traveled to reach the iconic landmark, driving along scenic back roads in a comfortable 4WD safari vehicle and avoiding the busy south entrance gate. Stop to admire the views from Yavapai Point, Pipe Creek Canyon, and Duck on a Rock Overlook, then time your arrival to watch the sunset from Grand view Point.
What To Expect
* Grand Canyon South Rim Voted best and most fascinating 3-hour Sunset tour at Grand Canyon. Informative, local guides describe Grand Canyon geological formations, Native American history, mule and hiking trail systems, and the rich history of this region. Includes Tusayan pick-up, south entrance gate detour during 30 minute off-road hiking, viewing of native wildlife such as elk, deer and rare bird species in their natural environment; ending at Grand view Point where the fading sunlight turns the Canyon into vivid colors.
3 hours  Admission Ticket Included
* Yavapai Point See magnificent vistas, Colorado River and Phantom Ranch.
45 minutes  Admission Ticket Included
* Pipe Creek Vista
Pipe Creek Viewpoint
*Grandview Point
1 hour Admission Ticket Included
Additional Info AYSTA
*Confirmation will be received at time of booking
* Not recommended for travelers with back problems
*Minimum 2 people—if less call direct at 928-638-5337
*This tour/activity will have a maximum of 12 travelers
Cancellation Policy
You can cancel up to 24 hours in advance of the experience for a full refund. Any changes made less than 24 hours before the experience’s start time will not be accepted.
This experience requires a minimum number of travelers. If it’s canceled because the minimum isn’t met, you’ll be offered a different date/experience or a full refund.
21．What’s special about the trip route?
A．Light traffic. B．Beautiful sunset.
C．Advanced vehicles. D．Experienced guides.
22．How long does the trip last?
A．3 hours. B．4 hours. C．4.75 hours. D．5.25 hours.
23．In which condition can you cancel with a full refund?
A．Living far from public transportation.
B．Canceling two hours before the trip.
C．Suffering from back problems in the trip.
D．Failing to meet the number of visitors.
【答案】21．A    22．A    23．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个三小时的大峡谷日落之旅。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段中“With this tour, you’ll take the road less traveled to reach the iconic landmark, driving along scenic back roads in a comfortable 4WD safari vehicle and avoiding the busy south entrance gate.(在这次旅行中，您将选择人迹罕至的道路前往标志性的地标，乘坐舒适的四驱车，沿着风景优美的小路行驶，避开繁忙的南门)”可知，旅行路线的特别之处是交通量小。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据第二段中“* Grand Canyon South Rim Voted best and most fascinating 3-hour Sunset tour at Grand Canyon.(*大峡谷南缘被评为最佳和最迷人的3小时大峡谷日落之旅)”可知，这次旅行持续3小时。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段“This experience requires a minimum number of travelers. If it’s canceled because the minimum isn’t met, you’ll be offered a different date/experience or a full refund.(这种体验要求最少的旅行者人数。如果因为没有达到最低要求而取消，你将获得不同的约会/体验或全额退款)”可知，未能满足游客的数量可以全额退款取消。故选D。

B
When I started my own business, I thought I had it all figured out. When I made the decision to change my lifestyle and get fit, I thought I was on the right track. And when I purchased a second business, I knew I was doing the right thing. Slowing down never occurred to me.
But something was wrong. My Apple watch buzzed repeatedly in the night, warning me that my heart rate was over one hundred. My body ached, my head pounded, and no matter how much I exercised, I was losing strength.
When I visited the doctor, the first thing she asked was “How’s your stress level?” I shrugged. “Nothing new or out of the ordinary.” But something was happening in my body. A multitude of tests and blood work revealed I had Graves’ disease, with symptoms that include accelerated heart rate, high blood pressure, physical anxiety, tiredness, and muscle weakness.
For the next week, I re-read online articles indicating that stress management played a part in controlling Graves’ disease. And I made a list of everything I was juggling(兼顾). My calendar was filled with online marketing, photo shoots, website design, and copywriting. I barely had time to blink, let alone relax.
It was hard to decide which were the most important and do them first. I examined the juggling act and tried to decide what to let go of. I bid farewell to clients, explaining I was cutting back and lightening my workload. When asked to speak at events or take on new projects, I said “No.” And I found someone to help me plan that big event.
Until then, I didn’t realize how much I’d missed the simple joys—little things that helped me relax and recharge, like long hikes, taking my dog to the park, visiting my favorite bookstore, and sitting on the back porch to watch the sunrise. I know my limits and when it’s time to stop juggling. I’ve learned to be kind to myself. I start each day with meditation(冥想) and end with gratitude.
24．What did the author think about his own stress level?
A．Mild. B．Serious.
C．The slightest. D．Same as usual.
25．How did the author feel about his health condition after going to see a doctor?
A．Concerned. B．Puzzled.
C．Relieved. D．Curious.
26．What did the author do after he was diagnosed with the Graves’ disease?
A．He quit his job.
B．He went abroad to watch the sunrise.
C．He slowed down his life pace.
D．He never got involved in any big event.
27．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Live Life to the Fullest
B．More Haste and Less Speed
C．Watch Your Weight When Necessary
D．Stop Rushing and Put Something Down
【答案】24．D    25．B    26．C    27．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是自己的个人经历，作者曾经拼命工作，最后当健康出现问题时，作者才明白自己错过了太多。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When I visited the doctor, the first thing she asked was “How’s your stress level?”  I shrugged. “Nothing new or out of the ordinary.”  (当我去看医生时，她问的第一件事是“你的压力水平如何？”我耸了耸肩。“没有什么新奇或不寻常的。”)”可知，作者觉得自己的压力水平一如往常。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“For the next week, I re-read online articles indicating that stress management played a part in controlling Graves’ disease. And I made a list of everything I was juggling(兼顾). My calendar was filled with online marketing, photo shoots, website design, and copywriting. I barely had time to blink, let alone relax.(接下来的一周，我重新阅读了网上的文章，这些文章表明压力管理在控制格雷夫斯病中起了一定作用。我把我要做的事情都列了一个清单。我的日程表被在线营销、照片拍摄、网站设计和文案填满了。我连眨眼的时间都没有，更不用说放松了。)”可知，作者在得知自己患病后，不知道自己为什么会患病，所以查询了相关的资料。所以，得知自己患病后，作者觉得有点困惑。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“It was hard to decide which were the most important and do them first. I examined the juggling act and tried to decide what to let go of. I bid farewell to clients, explaining I was cutting back and lightening my workload. When asked to speak at events or take on new projects, I said “No.” And I found someone to help me plan that big event.(很难决定哪些是最重要的，并先做它们。我审视着自己所做的事情，试图决定放开什么。我向客户告别，解释说我正在削减工作，减轻工作量。当被要求在活动上发言或接受新项目时，我说“不”。我找到了一个人帮我策划那个大活动。)”可知，作者开始减轻工作量，放慢自己的生活节奏。故选C。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Slowing down never occurred to me. (我从来没想过慢下来。)”以及最后一段“Until then, I didn’t realize how much I’d missed the simple joys—little things that helped me relax and recharge, like long hikes, taking my dog to the park, visiting my favorite bookstore, and sitting on the back porch to watch the sunrise. I know my limits and when it’s time to stop juggling. I’ve learned to be kind to myself. I start each day with meditation(冥想) and end with gratitude.(直到那时，我才意识到我错过了多么简单的快乐——帮助我放松和充电的小事情，比如长途远足，带我的狗去公园，去我最喜欢的书店，坐在后门廊上看日出。我知道我的极限，知道什么时候该停止工作。我学会了善待自己。我以冥想开始每一天，以感恩结束每一天。)”及全文可知，文章主要讲述的是，作者曾经忙于自己的事业，从未想过慢下来。后来身体健康出现了问题，作者最终意识到自己错过了很多，开始放下手头的生活，开始了自己的慢生活。所以“More Haste and Less Speed(欲速则不达)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
C
Nightmares, or bad dreams, are terrible. I’ve dreamt about throwing up, animals swallowing me, and someone breaking into my house―all causing me to wake up in the middle of the night, heart racing, anxiety growing out of control. Sometimes, my bad dreams reflect exactly what I’m feeling anxious about. Other times, they’re about something else, but still seemingly caused by my anxiety levels. To find out if anxiety really can cause bad dreams, I went straight to the experts.
The experts I spoke with agreed that anxiety could contribute to bad dreams. “Thoughts filled with anxiety while someone is asleep can manifest (显现) themselves as bad dreams or stress dreams,” said Alex Dimitriu, a double board-certified physician in psychiatry and sleep medicine. “Stress dreams, such as missing an important event, a test, or a flight, are often quite common in people undergoing stress during their daily lives.”
Although the reasons why we dream are not fully understood, there may be times when your mind is simply trying to work through a challenge from that day — one that can be causing you to feel anxious. “We do know from research that the brain continues to work on solving problems during sleep,” explained Jason Durant, a New York-based licensed clinical psychologist.
In that sense, dreaming can actually be a good thing, even if it feels uncomfortable at the time. “The mind is attempting to prompt (促使) you to use the tools you successfully used before when in a similar life situation, or to remind you what did not work and to try something new,” said Nancy Irwin, a clinical psychologist.
Anyhow, bad dreams may be the last thing you want. You may not be able to prevent bad dreams completely, but you can focus on managing your anxiety during the day, which may help alleviate (减轻) the problem. Dr. Dimitriu suggests going for a walk, talking to friends and journaling to process your feelings throughout the day. Then, in the evenings, step away from your devices, and take some time to plot out a strategy for dealing with the things that are causing you stress.
28．Why does the author mention his/her experiences of bad dreams?
A．To say anxiety is very common.
B．To  analyze the cause of bad dreams.
C．To find anxiety levels in a dream.
D．To prove bad dreams are unavoidable.
29．What does the word “themselves” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Bad dreams.
B．Sleeping people.
C．Stressful events.
D．Anxious thoughts.
30．How do bad dreams benefit us in Nancy Irwin’s opinion?
A．They keep us free of anxiety.
B．They help us deal with problems.
C．They allow us to recall the past.
D．They warn us to remain cautious.
31．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．Advice on how to reduce bad dreams.
B．Ways to totally prevent dreaming.
C．How to relieve anxiety through exercise.
D．How to improve sleep quality at night.
【答案】28．B    29．D    30．B    31．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。专家指出，人们日常的一些焦虑心理会反映在梦境中，形成噩梦，不过这些梦从某种角度来说对人们还是有一定好处的，文章还给出了减少噩梦的一些建议。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段的内容，尤其是“Sometimes, my bad dreams reflect exactly what I’m feeling anxious about. Other times, they’re about something else, but still seemingly caused by my anxiety levels. To find out if anxiety really can cause bad dreams, I went straight to the experts. (有时候，我的噩梦恰恰反映了我焦虑的事情。其他时候，它们是关于其他事情的，但似乎仍然是由我的焦虑水平引起的。为了弄清楚焦虑是否真的会导致噩梦，我直接去找了专家)”可推断，作者提到自己的噩梦经历是为了分析噩梦产生的原因。故选B项。
29．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thoughts filled with anxiety while someone is asleep can manifest (显现) themselves as bad dreams or stress dreams, (当一个人睡着时，充满焦虑的想法会表现为噩梦或有压力的梦)”可推断，画线词themselves指代句中的“Thoughts filled with anxiety”，即Anxious thoughts。故选D项。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段“The mind is attempting to prompt (促使) you to use the tools you successfully used before when in a similar life situation, or to remind you what did not work and to try something new (大脑试图促使你用你以前在类似的生活情况下成功使用的工具，或者提醒你什么是无效的，提醒你尝试一些新的东西)”可知，Nancy Irwin认为噩梦中，大脑会给我们信号，联系过去的经历、经验，有助于我们找到解决问题的方法。故选B项。
31．主旨大意题。通读最后一段“Dr. Dimitriu suggests going for a walk, talking to friends and journaling to process your feelings throughout the day. Then, in the evenings, step away from your devices, and take some time to plot out a strategy for dealing with the things that are causing you stress. (Dimitriu博士建议去散步，和朋友聊天，写日记来处理你一天的感受。然后，在晚上，远离你的电子设备，花点时间制定一个策略来处理那些给你带来压力的事情)”可知，最后一段给出了减少噩梦的建议。故选A项。

D
Babies have an astonishing talent that adults entirely lose. By the age of one, they can recognise the significant noises around them and group them into a language. When we have lost this capacity as adults, it becomes enormously difficult to distinguish between sounds that are glaringly different to a native speaker. It all sounds Greek to us. This is because the range of possible sounds that humans use to convey meaning may be as high as 2,000, but few languages use more than 100 and even then the significant noises－the phonemes (音素) of a language－each cover a range of sounds and so vague distinctions which would change the meaning of a word in other languages.
But where do these phonemes come from and why do they shift over time? New research suggests that the apparently arbitrary distribution of some sounds around the world may be partially explained by diet. This is unexpected. We’d rather think of language as product of our thought, rather than of the arrangement of our teeth. In reality, though, any given language must be both.
Hunter gatherer languages very seldom use the sounds known as labiodentals (唇齿音)－those such as f and v－that are made by touching the lower lip with the upper teeth. Only two of the hundreds of Australian aboriginal languages use them, for example. But in cultures that have discovered farming, these consonants (辅音) are much more common. The argument goes that farmers eat more cooked food and more dairy than hunter gatherers. Either way, they need to chew mush less, and to bite less with their front teeth. So farmers grew up with smaller lower jaws and more of an overbite than their ancestors who had to bite through harder foods. It became easier for them to make the labiodental consonants instead of purely labial (唇音) ones: one example is that f come to take the place of p. Romans said “pater” but English speakers (unless they’re Rees－Moggs) say “father”.
Beyond these particular changes, the story highlights the way in which everything distinctively human is both material and spiritual: speech must combine sound and meaning, and the meaning can ’t exist or be transmitted without a real object. But neither can it be reduced to the purely physical, as our inability to understand or even to recognise foreign languages makes clear. The food we eat shapes our jaws, and our jaws in turn shape the sounds of our language. The ease with which we eat probably shapes our thought too, as anyone who has suffered toothache could testify. What we eat may have shaped the sounds of our language, but how we eat changes how we feel and what we use language to express. A family meal is very different from a sandwich at the office desk, even if the calorie is the same. Food has purposes and meanings far beyond keeping us alive and pleasing the Palate (味觉).
32．Compared with adults, babies could more easily .
A．create significant noises B．classify the forms of noises
C．understand the Greek language D．distinguish meaningful sounds
33．According to the passage, which of the following factors help shape language?
A．Lips and teeth. B．Jobs and habits.
C．Age and regions. D．Food and thinking.
34．The reason for farmers' making sounds of “f” and “v” is .
A．enjoying more cooked foods B．biting more with front teeth
C．constantly chewing harder foods D．growing up with lager lower jaws
35．By writing this passage, the author intends to reveal .
A．jaws help shape our thought
B．food determines our thought
C．diet has some influence on language
D．language consists of sound and meaning
【答案】32．D    33．D    34．A    35．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要叙述了人们一直以来认为语言是思想的产物，但是有新的研究表明饮食对于语言也会产生一些影响。且以f和v的发音为例，揭示了农民们发“f”和“v”音的原因是他们喜欢吃更多的熟食。同时这也强调了人类特有的一切都是物质和精神的结合:语言必须把声音和意义结合起来，没有真实的物体，意义就不可能存在或传播。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句By the age of one, they can recognize the significant noises around them and group them into a language.可知一岁的婴儿和成人相比更能识别出周围的重要声音，故选D。
33．细节理解题。第二段第二句New research suggests that the apparently arbitrary distribution of some sounds around the world may be partially explained by diet.可知某些声音在世界范围内的任意分布，部分可以用饮食来解释。本段提到sound和diet是有关系的,也就是food食物；另外也和思考有关the product of thought,本段最后说到和两者都有关系。因此答案选择D。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段The argument goes that famers eat more cooked food and more dairy than hunter gatherers.可知农民比狩猎采集者吃更多的熟食和奶制品，即农民们发“f”和“v”音的原因是他们喜欢吃更多的熟食。故选A。
35．主旨大意题。根据第二段We’d rather think of language as product of our thought, rather than of the arrangement of our teeth. In reality, though, any given language must be both.可知任何一种语言的诞生都必须同时具备思想和饮食这两种因素的影响。以及文章内容可知叙述的都是日常饮食和发音对语言的影响，故选C。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As much as 80% of heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices. Some strategies, such as exercising and managing weight, are well known. ____36____ These small changes in your everyday routine can have a big impact in the long run.
Get eight hours of sleep.
____37____ If we are lacking in sleep, our bodies also have more difficulty controlling blood pressure and glucose(血糖) levels. These factors can all have an impact on cardiovascular(心血管) health.
Engage in volunteer work.
Doing good for others helps your self-esteem and relieves stress. ____38____ We know that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health, and volunteering gets you out of the house and creates a social network. Depending on the type of work you do, volunteering might even increase your physical activity.
____39____
Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease. Breathing in contaminants(污染物) formed from chemicals may harm your heart. Even short periods of exposure are unhealthy for people who already have cardiovascular risks, such as high blood pressure. Try to get your outdoor exercise far away from highways and industrial districts.
Eat breakfast.
Healthy people who skipped breakfast were three times more likely to have heart disease than those who have a substantial morning meal. If you’re eating a proper breakfast, you’re less likely to be hungry later and make poor food choices. ____40____ Choose whole-grain foods and include fruit.
Start now and boost your heart health!
A．Avoid polluted air.
B．Stay in fresh environment,
C．But others may not have crossed your mind.
D．We need to intake enough energy as part of a healthy lifestyle,
E．Take adequate rest and exercise regularly, and you’ll feel energetic.
F．When you’re not rested, everything that happens in your life is more stressful.
G．It is proved that a feeling of purpose in life is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack.
【答案】36．C    37．F    38．G    39．A    40．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述促进心脏健康的有效方法。
36．空前“Some strategies, such as exercising and managing weight, are well known.(一些策略，如锻炼和控制体重，是众所周知的。)”讲述的是一些较为人所知的预防心脏病的方式。而空后“These small changes in your everyday routine can have a big impact in the long run.(这些日常生活中的小改变从长远来看会产生很大的影响。)”中的“these small changes”则表明空处要提到另外一些可以预防心脏病的小改变。选项C“ But others may not have crossed your mind. (但是其他的你可能没有想过。)”承上启下，引出下文。故选C。
37．根据下文“If we are lacking in sleep, our bodies also have more difficulty controlling blood pressure and glucose(血糖) levels. These factors can all have an impact on cardiovascular(心血管) health.(如果我们缺乏睡眠，我们的身体也更难控制血压和血糖水平。这些因素都会对心血管健康产生影响。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是缺乏睡眠带来的坏处。选项F“ When you’re not rested, everything that happens in your life is more stressful.(当你没有休息好时，生活中发生的每件事都会更有压力。)”与下文内容一致，也是讲述缺乏睡眠的坏处。故选F。
38．空前“Doing good for others helps your self-esteem and relieves stress. (为他人做好事有助于你的自尊和缓解压力。)”可知，空前讲述的是做好事的好处；而空后“We know that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health, and volunteering gets you out of the house and creates a social network.(我们知道孤独是心脏健康的一个风险因素，志愿活动让你走出家门，建立一个社交网络。)”可知，生活有动力，不孤独也可以预防心脏病。选项G“ It is proved that a feeling of purpose in life is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack.(事实证明，生活中有目标的感觉与较低的心脏病发作的可能性有关。)”符合上下文内容，指的是如果一个人生活中有了目标，那么也可以预防心脏病。故选G。
39．空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease. Breathing in contaminants(污染物) formed from chemicals may harm your heart. Even short periods of exposure are unhealthy for people who already have cardiovascular risks, such as high blood pressure. Try to get your outdoor exercise far away from highways and industrial districts.(长期暴露在这种污染中会增加患心脏病的风险。吸入由化学物质形成的污染物可能会伤害你的心脏。对于已经患有高血压等心血管疾病的人来说，即使是短时间的接触也不健康。尽量让你的户外运动远离高速公路和工业区。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是避免空气污染。选项A“ Avoid polluted air.(避免空气污染)”与下文内容一致。故选A。
40．根据上文“Healthy people who skipped breakfast were three times more likely to have heart disease than those who have a substantial morning meal. If you’re eating a proper breakfast, you’re less likely to be hungry later and make poor food choices.(不吃早餐的健康人患心脏病的几率是早餐吃得丰盛的人的三倍。如果你吃了一顿合适的早餐，你之后就不太可能饿，也不太可能做出糟糕的食物选择。)”可知，空前主要讲述的是吃早餐的重要性。而空后“Choose whole-grain foods and include fruit.(选择全麦食品，包括水果。)”则推荐了早餐的种类。选项D“ We need to intake enough energy as part of a healthy lifestyle.(作为健康生活方式的一部分，我们需要摄入足够的能量。)”承上启下，引出下文什么样的早餐才能保证足够的能量。故选D。

第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ketaki Kale, who is now 33，started her career as a nurse nine years ago. At that time it was impossible for her to ____41____ she would be sent off to the front line to ____42____ against a pandemic(流行病). Kale trembled within, as she broke the news to her____43____she had been sent to the COVID-19 ward(病房）at Naidu Hospital，Pune.
Kale's mother-in-law, a retired nurse, who____44____Ketaki to take up nursing, reminded her of the spirit of service that nurses must be ____45____ to. “You go,” she said. “I will look after the kids”. There were 15 COVID special patients under her ____46____. Kale says with ____47____,“During their hospital stay, they have formed____48____ with us and we become their families away from home.” But the hospital staff are extremely ____49____when they are able to send the patients home after their recovery.
In fact, an 85-year-old lady_____50_____ about a month ago. This incident has _____51_____ cast a shadow over the ward. To make sure other patients are not _____52_____, Kale cheers them up with jokes _____53_____possible. But there are a variety of duties they need to_____54_____: giving medicines and injections to patients and helping them with _____55_____. Serving the doctors with patients’_____56_____is also an important task.
“I am concerned about my _____57_____ ,” says Kale, who hasn't gone home for two months. Kale’s husband, Ganesh, has to help to do _____58_____and look after their sons though he is busy with his work. “No matter how_____59_____you are, the risk remains," says Kale. However, being on the front line, and _____60_____ the disease, has made her strong and even more committed. "Our patients come first, before anything else," she says.
41．A．persuade B．imagine C．judge D．forecast
42．A．compete B．guard C．protect D．fight
43．A．family B．friend C．partner D．colleague
44．A．forced B．informed C．inspired D．warned
45．A．familiar B．open C．accustomed D．committed
46．A．watch B．care C．control D．leadership
47．A．pity B．confidence C．warmth D．surprise
48．A．bonds B．organizations C．units D．teams
49．A．calm B．shocked C．funny D．happy
50．A．broke down B．left off C．passed away D．gave out
51．A．slowly B．obviously C．randomly D．exactly
52．A．affected B．involved C．ignored D．infected
53．A．whichever B．however C．whatever D．whenever
54．A．take off B．look for C．focus on D．jump at
55．A．fruits B．meals C．studies D．jokes
56．A．condition B．appointment C．experience D．advice
57．A．relatives B．boys C．patients D．parents
58．A．schedules B．operations C．research D．housework
59．A．powerful B．intelligent C．careful D．determined
60．A．battling B．noticing C．examining D．following
【答案】
41．B    42．D    43．A    44．C    45．D    46．B    47．C    48．A    49．D    50．C    51．B    52．A    53．D    54．C    55．B    56．A    57．B    58．D    59．C    60．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了护士Ketaki Kale奔赴抗击新冠肺炎疫情第一线，积极护理病人的故事。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，她无法想象自己会被派往抗击流行病的第一线。A. persuade说服；B. imagine想象；C. judge判断；D. forecast预报。根据后文“Kale trembled within”可知，新冠肺炎流行病来得突然，Kale被派往抗击流行病的第一线，心情还是很紧张的，所以说“她无法想象”此事。故选B项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，她无法想象自己会被派往抗击流行病的第一线。A. compete比赛；B. guard保卫；C. protect保护；D. fight战斗，与……作斗争。根据后文“against a pandemic”可知，此处指“抗击”流行病，“与流行病作斗争”。故选D项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Kale把自己被派往Pune市Naidu医院的COVID-19病房的消息告诉家人时，她的内心在颤抖。A. family家庭，家人；B. friend朋友；C. partner搭档；D. colleague同事。根据后文“Kale’s mother-in-law, a retired nurse, who　　4　　Ketaki to take up nursing…”可知，Kale把消息告诉了家人。故选A项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kale的婆母是一名退休护士，她鼓励Ketaki从事护理工作，提醒她护士必须有救死扶伤的精神。A. forced强迫；B. informed通知；C. inspired激励，鼓励；D. warned警告。根据后文“reminded her of the spirit of service that nurses must be 　　5　　 to. ‘You go,’ she said. ‘I will look after the kids’.”可知，Kale的婆母是支持Kale的工作的，所以此处指“鼓励”她从事护理工作。故选C项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Kale的婆母是一名退休护士，她鼓励Ketaki从事护理工作，提醒她护士必须有救死扶伤的精神。A. familiar熟悉的；B. open开放的；    C. accustomed惯常的；D. committed尽心尽力的。根据后文“ ‘You go,’ she said. ‘I will look after the kids’.”可知，Kale的婆母是支持Kale的工作的，所以此处指提醒她护士必须尽心尽力地服务病人。故选D项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在住院期间，有15名新冠肺炎特殊患者得到了她的护理照顾。A. watch观察；B. care护理，照顾；C. control控制；D. leadership领导力。因为Kale是护士，她的工作是护理，所以这里指“护理照顾”。故选B项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kale暖心地说:“在他们住院期间，我们彼此建立了联系，我们成了他们（远离家乡）的家人。”A. pity怜悯；B. confidence信心；C. warmth温暖；D. surprise惊讶。根据后文Kale 所说的内容“we become their families away from home”可知，Kale等医护人员和病人之间亲如家人，所以指Kale暖心地说这些话。故选C项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kale暖心地说:“在他们住院期间，他们和我们建立了联系，我们成了他们（远离家乡）的家人。”A. bonds纽带，联系；B. organizations组织；C. units单位；D. teams团队。根据后文“we become their families away from home”可知，医护人员和病人建立了联系，亲如一家。故选A项。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，当能够在病人康复后把他们送回家时，医院的工作人员是非常高兴的。A. calm镇静的；B. shocked震惊的；C. funny有趣的；D. happy快乐的。根据后文“when they are able to send the patients home after their recovery”可知，虽然医护人员和病人亲如家人，但是当病人康复回家时，医护人员有成功的快乐，为病人的康复而高兴。故选D项。
50．考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，一位85岁的女士一个月前去世了。A. broke down（身体）垮掉；B. left off停止，遗漏；C. passed away去世；D. gave out分发。根据后文“This incident has 　　11　　 cast a shadow over the ward.”可知，这件事给病房蒙上了一层阴影，所以这里指“这位高龄女士去世了”。故选C项。
51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这件事显然给病房蒙上了一层阴影。A. slowly慢慢地；B. obviously明显地，显然地；C. randomly随意地；D. exactly确切地。基于前文的分析可知，根据常识可知，一位老人的去世，很显然地给病房蒙上一层阴影。故选B项。
52．考查过去分词词义辨析。句意：为了确保其他病人不受影响，Kale在任何可能的情况下都用笑话来鼓舞他们。A. affected受影响的；B. involved有关联的；C. ignored被忽视的；D. infected被感染的。基于前文的分析可知，一位老人的去世，给病房蒙上一层心理阴影，所以护士所做的是不让其他病人心理上“受影响”。故选A项。
53．考查连词词义辨析。句意：为了确保其他病人不受影响，Kale在任何可能的时候都用笑话来鼓舞他们。A. whichever无论哪个；B. however不管怎样；C. whatever无论什么；D. whenever无论何时。后文“possible”（前面省略了it is）和主句“Kale cheers them up with jokes”之间是时间关系，whenever “无论何时”符合句意。故选D项。
54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但他们需要专注于各种各样的职责：为病人提供药物和注射，并帮助他们吃饭。A. take off脱掉；B. look for寻找；C. focus on专注于；D. jump at迫不及待地接受。这里描述护士们的专心工作，根据前文“a variety of duties”可知，此处指护士们专注于各种各样的职责。故选C项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他们需要专注于各种各样的职责：为病人提供药物和注射，并帮助他们吃饭。A. fruits水果；B. meals饭餐；C. studies学习，研究；D. jokes笑话。根据护理常识可知，护士需要帮助病人吃饭，其他项“水果；学习；玩笑”均不符合句意。故选B项。
56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据病人的情况为医生服务也是一项重要的任务。A. condition条件，状况；B. appointment约会；C. experience经验，经历；D. advice建议。根据常识可知，护士要根据病人的情况为医生提供服务，其他项如“约会；经历；建议”均不符合句意。故选A项。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我很担心我的儿子，”已经两个月没回家的Kale说。A. relatives亲戚；B. boys男孩；C. patients病人；D. parents父母。根据后文“Kale’s husband, Ganesh, has to help to do 　　18　　and look after their sons though he is busy with his work.”可知，Kale也在担心自己的儿子。故选B项。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kale的丈夫Ganesh虽然工作很忙，却不得不帮忙做家务和照顾他们的儿子。A. schedules工作计划；B. operations手术，C. research研究；D. housework家务。根据前文“who hasn't gone home for two months”可知，Kale在抗疫第一线，没办法回家，所以丈夫不得不帮忙做家务。故选D项。
59．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“不管你有多小心，风险依然存在，” Kale说。A. powerful有力的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. careful细心的，小心的；D. determined坚定的。根据传染病常识可知，不管多么小心，被传染的风险还是有的。故选C项。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在前线与疾病战斗，让她变得更加坚强，更加坚定。A. battling战斗；B. noticing注意；C. examining检查；D. following跟随。根据前文“being on the front line”可知，这里把抗击流行病看作是战争前线，所以这里指“与疾病战斗”。故选A项。

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mount Emei,____61____(locate) in the southwest of Sichuan Province, is an ancient and famous attraction in China.
Three million years ago, the main part of Mount Emei____62____(rise) sharply along a fault line here. Due to a complex combination of erosion (侵蚀) and weathering，a massive____63____ (high) difference of over 2,600 meters was formed between today’s mountain top and the Emei Plain. The Summit of Ten Thousand Buddhas,____64____an altitude of 3,099 meters, is the highest peak of Mount Emei. In a commanding position, The Golden Summit with the biggest concentration of temples and scenic spots on Mount Emei____65____(call) the largest and highest place of worship of Chinese Buddhism in the world.
The Buddha statue of Samantabhadra,____66____(measure) 48 meters high, is the highest golden Buddha in the world. The ten heads of the Buddha statue are divided into three layers, each with different expressions,____67____represent the ten mentalities of ordinary people. The Golden Summit is also the most suitable place____68____(appreciate) the impressive Mount Emei “Sea of Clouds.”
____69____(incredible), the 72 peaks of Mount Emei are mostly over 2,000 meters above sea level. The scenery features high peaks a love the clouds and white mist. Formed by ever-changing mist and fog, they present_____70_____unique full view. Now Mount Emei has become a famous scenic spot in the world.
【答案】
61．located    62．rose    63．height    64．at    65．is called    66．measuring    67．which    68．to appreciate    69．Incredibly    70．a
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了峨眉山的地理位置以及景点特色。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：峨眉山位于四川省西南部，是中国古老而著名的旅游景点。短语be located in表示“位于”，省略be动词，过去分词作状语，故填located。
62．考查时态。句意：300万年前，峨眉山的主体部分沿着这里的一条断层线急剧上升。根据上文Three million years ago可知为一般过去时。故填rose。
63．考查名词。句意：由于侵蚀和风化的复杂组合，今天的山顶与峨眉山平原之间形成了2600多米的巨大高差。作主语，应用名词height，故填height。
64．考查介词。句意：万佛顶海拔3099米，是峨眉山的最高峰。短语at an altitude of表示“在……高度”。故填at。
65．考查时态语态。句意：峨眉山上寺庙和景点最集中的金顶处于居高临下的位置，被称为世界上最大、最高的汉传佛教圣地。主语与谓语构成被动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为The Golden Summit with the biggest concentration of temples and scenic spots on Mount Emei，谓语用单数。故填is called。
66．考查非谓语动词。句意：弥勒佛高48米，是世界上最高的金佛。分析句子结构可知measure与逻辑主语The Buddha statue of Samantabhadra构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填measuring。
67．考查定语从句。句意：佛像的十个头像分为三层，每一层都有不同的表情，代表着普通人的十种心态。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The ten heads of the Buddha statue，从句缺少主语，指物，故填which。
68．考查非谓语动词。句意：金顶也是最适合欣赏峨眉山“云海”的地方。名词place由最高级修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to appreciate。
69．考查副词。句意：令人难以置信的是，峨眉山的72座山峰大多在海拔2000米以上。修饰后文句子应用副词incredibly，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Incredibly。
70．考查冠词。句意：由不断变化的雾和雾形成，它们呈现了独特的全景。view此处为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。

第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线（ ）, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;
2 .只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I made a wood loudspeaker box at last weekend. I got a piece of wasted wood from mine father’s garden. “Maybe I can turn it into anything!" I thought. Then I went to a carpenter’s studio. A kind carpenter taught me what to make a loudspeaker box. Firstly, I fixed the wood to a wheel but cut the wood into the shape of a trumpet(喇叭).Then I carve five circles within the wood＇s annual rings which went from small to large. I also removed the inside of the wood to make rooms for the player. A last step was brushing the box with oil make it shiny. After five hours of work, the box was final done.
【答案】1. 删除at  2. mine→my  3. anything→something  4. what→how  5. but→and  6. carve→carved  7. rooms→room  8. A→The  9. 在make前面加to  10. final→finally
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章描述了作者利用父亲花园里的废弃木头制作了一个扬声器的盒子的过程。
【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：上周末我做了一个木质的扬声器。“上周末”表达为last weekend，不必用介词。故删除at。  
2.考查物主代词。句意：我从我父亲的花园里找到了一块废木头。修饰名词father应用形容词性物主代词。故将mine改为my。  
3.考查不定代词。句意：也许我能把它变成什么东西。根据语境，作者想把这块木头制作成某样东西，应用不定代词something。故将anything改为something。
4.考查疑问副词。句意：一位好心的木匠教我如何制作扬声器。根据语境，应用疑问副词how，表示做事的方式，故将what改为how。
5.考查连词。句意：首先，我把木头固定在一个轮子上，然后把木头切成喇叭的形状。前后动作为顺接关系，而不是转折关系，故将but改为and。  
6.考查时态。句意：然后我在木头的年轮里雕刻了五个圆圈，从小到大。陈述过去的动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式。故将carve改为carved。
7.考查名词。句意：我还移除了木头的内部，为播放器腾出房间。此处考查动词短语make room for，意为“让出地方给……，为……腾出空位”，room为不可数名词，故将rooms改为room。
8.考查冠词。句意：最后一步是用油刷盒子，让它闪闪发亮。表特指应用定冠词the，修饰last step，句首单词的首字母要大写。故将A改为The。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：最后一步是用油刷盒子，让它闪闪发亮。句子的谓语动词为brush，故make应用动词不定式，作目的状语。故在make前面加to。
10.考查副词。句意：经过五个小时的工作，箱子终于完工了。修饰动词done应用副词finally。故将final改为finally。

第二节 书面表达 （满分25分）
为展示春季校园的魅力和风采，你校学生会将举办校园微视频大赛，现向全校学生征集微视频作品。作为学生会主席，请你写一则作品征集通知发布于校英语专栏。要点如下：
1．活动目的；
2．作品要求；
3．截止日期和作品提交方式。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：微视频 micro-video
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Notice
Good news for you all! The Students’ Union is going to hold a micro-video contest in order to present the charm and beauty of our campus. Everyone is welcome to take part in the contest and make your contributions.
We are delighted to receive works with various themes of people, life and scenery on campus, which may leave a deep impression on you. Also, the length of the video should be no more than 10 minutes and the images clear. Most importantly, all the works must be original so as to protect each student’s intellectual property.
Please send your works to Students Union@qq.com before next Friday. Your contributions will certainly make the event a huge success. Come on, everybody!
Students’ Union
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一则作品征集通知发布于校英语专栏，向全校学生征集微视频作品。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：contest→competition
高兴的：delighted→happy
各种各样的：various→varieties of
参加：take part in→participate in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The Students’ Union is going to hold a micro-video contest in order to present the charm and beauty of our campus.
拓展句：The Students’ Union is going to hold a micro-video contest, the purpose of which is to present the charm and beauty of our campus.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We are delighted to receive works with various themes of people, life and scenery on campus, which may leave a deep impression on you. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Most importantly, all the works must be original so as to protect each student’s intellectual property. (运用了副词作状语，修饰整个句子)