2022上海市曹杨二中高二下学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022上海市曹杨二中高二下学期期末考试英语试题含解析，文件包含上海市曹杨第二中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题含解析docx、上海市曹杨第二中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共44页， 欢迎下载使用。
2021-2022学年上海市曹杨第二中学高二年级第二学期总结性评价
英语学科
I.Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard
1.A In the woman’s house. B. In the man's house.
C. In a laboratory. D. In a library.
2.A.Why the woman is in a hurry.
B.Whether the woman has a typewriter .
C.Whether the woman knows how to type.
D. How much typing the woman needs done.
3.A. Some people may not go on the trip.
B. The transportation for the trip is free.
C.All of the class members have paid the fee.
D. The class didn’t enjoy going on the field trip.
4.A.Take a lot of money B.Wear different clothes
C.Leave John alone at home D. Go to a different restaurant.
5.A. They weren’t able to take a walk B. They didn't have a good talk
C. They decided to go by plane D.They talked about geology
6. A She doesn’t need an umbrella
B.She left her umbrella in the car
C.She can hold her umbrella over the man’s head
D.She's the only one who doesn’t have an umbrella
7.A.He managed to take a vocation
B. He didn’t want to go to Xiamen
C.He had already gone back to work
D. He would send a postcard if he went away
8. A. Taking a nap. B.Teaching biology
C.Taking a different course. D.Studying microbiology for a year
9.A.How the man knows Joe B.How Joe's been doing lately
C.Whether the man really saw Joe D.What show they saw in New York
10.A.The eggs are put next to the potatoes
B. Potatoes are more nutritious than eggs.
C. The second course will be potatoes and eggs.
D. Most health food stores sell potatoes and eggs.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11.A.To introduce a new kind of bicycle to students.
B. To warn tourists about bicycling on the roadways
C.To encourage people to participate in a club activity
D.To inform beginning cyclists about New Jersey’s traffic laws.
12.A.Its mild climate
B. Its geographic variety
C.Its network of superhighways.
D.Its large number of bicycle clubs
13.A.They are nice places to visit on bicycle tours
B.They help to make New Jersey a wealthy state.
C.Some of them mark the development of the bicycle
D. Some of them are inaccessible to beginning cyclists
Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage
14.A.Pollution has made the Earth darker
B.Anti-pollution laws has come into effect
C.Agriculture is affected by the climate change
D. Sunshine is responsible for the global warming
15.A.More of it was absorbed by plants
B. It does more harm to people’s health
C.It became less of a concern to people.
D. Less of it got to the surface of the Earth
16.A. There is less rain
B.The ocean dries up
C.The climate becomes warmer
D.Some marine creatures become extinct
Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17.A.He joined a mountaineering club in Africa
B.He made an advertisement of mountaineering
C.He climbed to the top of a mountain successfully
D.He had a weekend training for mountain climbing
18.A.He planned to give up halfway
B.He was not confident of himself
C.He did not expect to meet people of his age.
D. He knew what he was mentally capable of doing
19.A.They were healthy and fit
B.They hoped to do something different
C.They were experienced professional climbers
D.They joined in this kind of activity for the first time
20.A.They got along well with each other.
B.They knew each other for a long time
C.They would not meet each other later
D. They did not help each other on the way
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
“This belongs to Iraq.” reads the poster held by Iraqi student Zeidoun Alkinani at the Babylonian Ishtar Gate in the Pergamon Museum of Berlin.
Excavated and acquired by German archaeologists in ____1____ is today’s Iraq, the Ishtar Gate is one of the many artifacts shipped back to Western countries prior to World War I as part of a larger trend by European colonists across the Middle East. In 2002 Iraqi officials urged Germany to return the gate.
There are still no plans made for its return. The viral image does, however, bring to light the long-argued debate between museums in the US. and Europe ____2____ the ownership of ancient artifacts and the objects countries of origin.
Another example of the stolen artifacts displayed in Germany is the famous bust of Nefertiti a statue ____3____ (represent) the pharaoh of Egypt Akhenaten’s royal wife. Around 1340 BC the bust was constructed of limestone, gypsum, and wax in Egypt. ____4____ ancient items usually show their age with time passing by, it seems ____5____ (have) relatively little effect for the bust of Nefertiti. Its shape remains largely undamaged its colors are intact and the face of the queen appears unsullied by age.
It is rare to find so pristine an ancient figure in the modern era. The bust ____6____ (unearth) by German archaeologists in 1912. The following year, it found its way to Germany and ____7____ (stay) there ever since. In 2011, the Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities sent a request to the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation for the artifact’s return. It is in the museum run by the foundation ____8____ the bust is now displayed. However, the foundation replied that the bust was obtained legally and Egypt has no grounds to reclaim it.
The Supreme Council of Antiquities explained “This request is a natural consequence of Egypt’s long-standing policy of seeking the restitution of all archaeological and historical artifacts ____9____ have been taken illegally out of the country.
The foundation’s president disagreed:“The bust of Nefertiti is and remains the ambassador of Egypt in Berlin. Besides, the long trip home ____10____ cause permanent damage to the delicate statue.”
【答案】1. what
2. about 3. representing
4. Though##While##Although
5. to have 6. was unearthed
7. has stayed
8. that 9. that
10. may
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是文物Ishtar Gate和Nefertiti半身像的发现国和归属国之间关于文物所有权的争论。
【1题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：德国考古学家在今天的伊拉克发掘并获得了Ishtar Gate，它是第一次世界大战前被运往西方国家的众多文物之一，这是欧洲殖民者穿越中东的大趋势的一部分。分析可知，空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，空格处用what引导宾语从句。故填what。
【2题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，这个著名的文物确实让美国和欧洲的博物馆之间关于古代文物和文物原产国所有权的长期争论公开化。the debate about sth.意为“关于某物的争论”，因此空格处用介词about。故填about。
【3题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：在德国展出的另一件被盗文物是著名的Nefertiti半身像，它代表着埃及法老阿肯那顿的皇室妻子。分析可知，句中谓语是is ，空格处用非谓语动词，statue和represent之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动。故填representing。
【4题详解】
考查连词。句意：虽然古代物品通常会随着时间的推移显示其年龄，但这似乎对奈费尔提蒂的半身像影响相对较小。由下文的“usually show their age with time passing by”和“relatively little effect for the bust of Nefertiti”可知，句子表示“虽然古代物品通常会随着时间的推移显示其年龄，但这似乎对奈费尔提蒂的半身像影响相对较小”，空格处意为“虽然”，是though/while/although，引导让步状语从句。故填Though/While/Although。
【5题详解】
考查不定式。句意：虽然古代物品通常会随着时间的推移显示其年龄，但这似乎对奈费尔提蒂的半身像影响相对较小。seem to do意为“似乎……”，因此空格处用不定式to have。故填to have。
【6题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：1912年，德国考古学家发现了这座半身像。由“in 1912”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，且半身像是被出土，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语bust是单数，因此空格处是was unearthed。故填was unearthed。
【7题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：第二年，它来到了德国，并一直留在那里。由“ever since”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语it是第三人称单数，因此空格处是has stayed。故填has stayed。
【8题详解】
考查强调句。句意：这座半身像现在陈列在基金会经营的博物馆里。由“It is”和句意可知，句子是强调句，结构是“it is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其他部分”，句中被强调的是“in the museum run by the foundation”，是地点状语，因此空格处用that。故填that。
【9题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：古文物最高委员会解释说:“这一要求是埃及长期以来寻求归还所有被非法带出埃及的考古和历史文物政策的自然结果。”分析可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词“archaeological and historical artifacts”是物，且被all修饰，因此空格处只用that不用which。故填that。
【10题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：此外，长途跋涉回家可能会对雕像造成永久性的损伤。空后的cause是原形，因此空格处是情态动词，根据语境可知，句中子表示“长途跋涉回家可能会对雕像造成永久性的损伤”，空格处意为“可能”，可能性尚不明确，用may。故填may。
Section B
(A)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A ancestors B. commanding C. equipment D. financial E. imitating F. inspiration
G. intense H. push I. reservations J. restricted K. shaking
Our lifestyles mean that most of us aren’t using our muscles properly. As small children we squat, crawl and leap around freely, but the older we get, the more _____11_____ our movements become and many of our muscles get little action as we sit at desks or in cars. Occasionally we hit the gym, where we use machines to work on specific muscles rather than the whole body. Now a new form of fitness, a(n) _____12_____ workout based on simple animal movements such as crawling, is taking off. Its Australian founder, Nathan Helberg, has been using it with the military police forces, schoolchildren and even prisoners. He took his _____13_____ from martial arts break-dancing, the animal world and the dance movements of indigenous people, and developed Zuu.
There are around 100 animal movements although beginners start with 25-that work muscles, joints and ligaments as well as improving heart and lung fitness. Zuu needs no _____14_____ and little space. The idea is to train your body to do the kinds of activities that our _____15_____ had to do in daily life. It’s quick, it tops up your strength and it’s not aiming to give you big muscles. In exchange for the publicity from article, Nathan offers me a master class alongside two of his trainers, which would otherwise be beyond my _____16_____ means! I am attracted by the prospect of doing things I haven’t done since my pre-school years.
In class, I try a frog squat and a bear crawl. Each movement lasts for 30 seconds (for my benefit-as you get fitter, you keep on for 45 seconds). By the end I’m _____17_____ with exhaustion. Despite my initial _____18_____, by the end of my class, I have started to enjoy myself. Mind you, it’s hard not to laugh when you’re _____19_____ a bear! I thought I was in reasonably good shape-I run 5 km three times a week-but after this I realize how little I _____20_____ myself normally. Nathan has promised that I could increase my upper body strength by 30% in just six weeks by doing classes. Doesn’t that sound amazing?
【答案】11. J 12. B 13. F 14. C 15. A 16. D 17. G 18. I 19. E 20. H
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是一种叫做Zuu的新的锻炼方式及作者体验后的感受。
【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：小时候，我们可以自由地蹲着、爬着、跳着，但随着年龄的增长，我们的动作越来越受限，当我们坐在桌子前或车里时，我们的许多肌肉几乎没有任何动作。由后面的“many of our muscles get little action as we sit at desks or in cars”可知，随着年龄的增长，我们的动作越来越受限，空格处意为“有限制的”，用形容词作表语，是restricted。故选J。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：现在，一种新的健身方式正在兴起，它是一种基于爬行等简单动物动作的指令式锻炼。由后文的“workout based on simple animal movements such as crawling”可知，此处指的是一种指令式锻炼，空格处意为“命令式的”，用形容词作定语，修饰名词workout，是commanding，故选B。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：他从武术霹雳舞、动物世界和土著人民的舞蹈动作中获得灵感，并发展出了Zuu。由后文的“from martial arts break-dancing, the animal world and the dance movements of indigenous people”可知，他从武术霹雳舞、动物世界和土著人民的舞蹈动作中获得灵感。故选F。
【14题详解】
考查名词。句意：Zuu不需要设备，需要的空间很小。由后文的“and little space”可知，这种锻炼方式不需要设备。故选C。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：这个想法是训练你的身体去做我们祖先在日常生活中必须做的那些活动。由“had to do”是一般过去时可知，此处是说去做我们祖先在日常生活中必须做的那些活动。故选A。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作为对文章宣传的回报，内森为我提供了一个大师班和他的两个教练，否则我就没有经济能力了！由上文的“In exchange for the publicity from article”可知，作者去体验这种锻炼，然后帮内森做宣传，因此如果不这样的话，这种锻炼就超出了作者的经济能力，因此空格处意为“经济的”，用形容词financial作定语，修饰名词means。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：最后，我精疲力尽。由后文的“with exhaustion”可知，作者因为疲惫而觉得紧张，空格处意为“紧张的”，用形容词作表语，是intense。故选G。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：尽管我一开始有所保留，但到课程结束时，我已经开始享受自己了。由后文的“by the end of my class, I have started to enjoy myself”和前面的“Despite”可知，句子表示“尽管我一开始有所保留，但到课程结束时，我已经开始享受自己了”，空格处意为“保留”，是reservations。故选I。
【19题详解】
考查时态。句意：请注意，当你模仿一只熊时，很难不笑出来！由后文的“a bear”和第2空后的“based on simple animal movements such as crawling”可知，此处表示“模仿一只熊”，空格处意为“模仿”，是imitate，由前面的you’re可知，句子时态是现在进行时，空格处用现在分词imitating。故选E。
【20题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我认为我的状态相当好——我一周跑三次5公里——但在这之后我意识到我平时对自己的要求是多么少。由后文的“Nathan has promised that I could increase my upper body strength by 30% in just six weeks by doing classes”可知，作者的锻炼强度根本就不大，因此作者是意识到平时对自己的要求是多么少，空格处意为“推动，促使”，是push，由normally可知，句子时态用一般现在时，主语I是第一人称，因此空格处用动词原形。故选H。
(B)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A.catches B.combined C. contributors D. demand E. driver F.mere
G.pressing H.prosperity I. speeds J.thirstiest K. trends
Feeding nine billion
When we think about threats to the environment, we tend to picture cars-not dinner. But the truth is, our _____21_____for food causes one of the biggest dangers to the planet.
Agriculture is among the greatest _____22_____ to global warming. It emits more greenhouse gases than all our cars, trucks, trains, and airplane _____23_____—largely from methane released by cattle and rice farms, nitrous oxide from fertilized fields and carbon dioxide from the cutting of rain forests to grow crops or raise livestock. Farming is the _____24_____ user of our precious water supplies and a major polluter, as runoff from fertilizers and manure pollute lakes, rivers, and coastal ecosystems across the globe. Agriculture also _____25_____up the loss of biodiversity: As we’ve cleared areas of grassland and forest for farms, we’ve lost crucial habitat making agriculture a major _____26_____ of wildlife extinction
The environmental challenges caused by agriculture are huge, and they’ll only become more _____27_____ as we try to meet the growing need for food worldwide. We’ll likely have 2 billion more mouths to feed by mid-century-more than 9 billion people. But population growth isn’t the _____28_____ reason we’ll need more food. The spread of _____29_____ across the world is driving an increased need for meat, eggs, and dairy, boosting pressure to grow more corn and soybeans to feed more cattle, pigs, and chickens. If these _______30_______ continue, the population growth and meat-and-dairy-intensive diets will require us to roughly double the amount of crops we grow by 2050.
【答案】21. D 22. C
23. B 24. J
25. I 26. E
27. G 28. F
29. H 30. K
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们关注环境问题时，往往只关注汽车等交通工具，而忽略了农业。相反，农业才是造成全球变暖的最大因素之一。文章接着说明了农业给全球变暖带来的种种消极影响。
【21题详解】
考查名词。句意：但事实却是，我们对食物的需求才是地球面临的最大危险之一。分析句子可知，空格处受形容词性物主代词our的限定，应填一个名词。根据后面的“for food”以及下文第三段的“as we try to meet the growing need for food worldwide”可知，此处是指对事物的需求导致了危险。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词。句意：农业是全球变暖的主要因素之一。分析句子可知，本句是一个主系表结构，空格处位于形容词最高级后面，作整个句子的表语，故需要一个名词，且根据介词among可知，该名词应为复数形式。根据下文“It emits more greenhouse gases than all our cars, trucks, trains, and airplane”可知，农业比汽车、客车、火车、飞机等排放的温室气体更多，是造成全球变暖的主要因素之一，contributors表示“贡献者、主要因素”，符合句意。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它排放的温室气体比我们所有的汽车、卡车、火车和飞机加起来还要多。分析句子结构可知，本句主谓宾齐全，空格处应为修饰成分，修饰前面的并列名词“cars, trucks, trains, and airplane”，故此处需要一个形容词。根据前面“It emits more greenhouse gases than all our cars, trucks, trains, and airplane”句意可知，此处是指农业排放的气体比全部汽车、卡车、火车、飞机等加起来还要多，combined意为“联合的、加在一起的”，符合句意。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词。句意：农业最耗用我们宝贵的水资源，也是主要污染源。分析句子结构可知，本句是一个主系表结构，空格处位于名词user前，作定语修饰它，故需要一个形容词。根据后面的“and a major polluter”可知，空格处的形容词应与major一样，能表示“主要、最”等含义。综上可知，空格处应填形容词的最高级。thirstiest为形容词thirsty的最高级，表示“最口渴的”，符合句意。故选J项。
【25题详解】
考查动词。句意：农业也加快了生物多样性消失的速度。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中充当谓语，故需要一个动词；speed up为固定短语，意为“使加速”。故选I项。
【26题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着我们为农业开垦出大片草原和森林，我们失去了至关重要的栖息地，使农业成为野生动植物灭绝的主要原因。根据空格前面的a major可知，此处需要一个单数名词。又根据前面的“As we’ve cleared areas of grassland and forest for farms”可知，为农业开垦草原和森林是因，而后面的“lost crucial habitat making agriculture a major _____6_____ of wildlife extinction”是果，是农业造成了野生动植物的灭绝；driver意为“驱动者、驱动因素”，符合句意。故选E项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词。句意：农业带来的环境挑战是巨大的，随着我们试图满足世界日益增长的粮食需求，这些挑战只会变得更加紧迫。分析句子结构可知，空格处位于变化系动词become后，充当句子的表语，且根据前面的more可知，此处为形容词的比较结构，故空格处应填一个形容词。根据后面的“as we try to meet the growing need for food worldwide”可知，当我们试图满足日益增长的粮食需求时，对农业的需求也会增大，而农业对环境的影响也会加剧。pressing意为“紧迫的、紧急的”，符合句意。故选G项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但人口增长并不是我们需要更多食物的唯一原因。分析句子结构可知，空格处位于定冠词the后，名词reason前，故此处需要一个形容词。根据前面的but可知，本句和上一句存在转折关系，上一句提到了“We’ll likely have 2 billion more mouths to feed by mid-century-more than 9 billion people.”，说明了人口增长速度很快，但此处的but表示转折，说明人口增长不是“唯一的原因”，用mere合适。故选F项。
【29题详解】
考查名词。句意：整个世界的繁荣正推动着对肉类、鸡蛋和奶制品需求的增加，增加了种植更多玉米和大豆以喂养更多牛、猪和鸡的压力。根据空格前面的“the spread of”可知，此处是一个of所有格的结构，空格处应填一个名词；又根据后面的“an increased need for meat, eggs and diary”可知，能造成肉、蛋、奶制品等食物需求的增加，说明经济比较繁荣，prosperity意为“繁荣”，符合句意。故选H项。
【30题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果继续保持这些趋势，人口增长和肉类、乳制品密集型饮食将要求我们到2050年种植大约两倍的作物。分析句子结构可知，空格处位于指示代词these后，作整个if从句的主语，故需填一个名词，且为复数形式。分析句意可知指示代词these应指代前面的“The spread of _____9_____ across the world is driving an increased need for meat, eggs, and dairy, boosting pressure to grow more corn and soybeans to feed more cattle, pigs, and chickens.”，世界的繁荣推动肉、蛋、奶需求的增加，增加了种植玉米和大豆的压力，而如果继续保持这些趋势，到2050年需要种植的作物就要翻倍。由此可知，空格处表示“这些趋势”，用trends。故选K。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The 16th-century dramatist Ben Johnson generously called Shakespeare a writer “not of an age, but for all time.” And so it has proven to be, for Shakespeare’s plays are still the most translated and most ____31____ of any play writer’s in the world. But if you ask people what accounts for Shakespeare’s ____32____ popularity, you will get a number of different answers. Some will say that he was a great storyteller, others that the ____33____ lies in the beauty of his poetry. Some scholars point out that he was born in a lively period of England’s history, a time of great national confidence and cultural activity, particularly in the theatre. ____34____, they claim, he was able to produce an extraordinary volume of work.
This last explanation seems a little ____35____. A more interesting answer is put forward, although a little over-enthusiastically, by Harold Bloom in his book Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human. Bloom argues that Shakespeare gave us something in his writing that the world had not seen in ____36____ before: characters with a strong personality. These lifelike characters gave us a real insight into the human ____37____: Iago, the trusted advisor of Othello, whose jealousy leads him to betray his honest master; Rosalind, the heroine in As You Like It, who remains true to her friends and family in spite of the danger to herself. Through the mouths of such characters, we learn truths about life that we can all ____38____. These truths are made more moving and more memorable by the way in which they are ____39____: briefly and poetically.
Shakespeare has been dead almost 400 years, but the words and saying attributed (归功于) to him still _____40_____ the English language today. So whether you are “fashionable” or “sanctimonious,” thank Shakespeare, who probably _____41_____ the terms. In fact, it is amazing just how great Shakespeare’s influence on everyday language has been. Take, for example, these phrases from Michael Macrone’s light-hearted book Brush Up Your Shakespeare.
foregone conclusion　　　　　　　　　　seen better days
full circle　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a sorry sight
at one fell swoop　　　　　　　　　　　neither here nor there
wear my heart upon my sleeve　　　　　　the world is (my) oyster
Macrone is more interested in the Shakespearean language that has survived than the reasons for its _____42_____. According to his research, some of these sayings are slightly different from their original meaning once taken out of the _____43_____ of the plays in which they first appeared. For example, “be all and end all” is used today to mean “the most important thing”, but in Macbeth, it means “the end of the matter”.
Regardless of such technicalities, it is still remarkable that so many of Shakespeare’s words have survived the large _____44_____ in language between their time and the present day. The beauty of those words is certainly one reason, but as Johnson suggested, it is the humanity relevance of their _____45_____ that brings them to life.
31. A. selected B. performed C. evaluated D. revised
32. A. unexpected B. varying C. individual D. enduring
33. A. magic B. evidence C. creativity D. count
34. A. In a word B. As a consequence C. By contrast D. To some degree
35. A. possible B. convincing C. unsatisfactory D. boring
36. A. man B. literature C. history D. focus
37. A. condition B. emotions C. factor D. resources
38. A. qualify for B. judge from C. specialize in D. identify with
39. A. proved B. phrased C. believed D. understood
40. A. color B. define C. represent D. involve
41. A. honored B. improved C. coined D. chose
42. A. significance B. variety C. livelihood D. popularity
43. A. concept B. time C. context D. outline
44. A. shifts B. conflicts C. similarities D. trends
45. A. usage B. wording C. originality D. message
【答案】31. B 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. A 41. C 42. D 43. C 44. C 45. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了伟大的剧作家莎士比亚的戏剧流行至今的原因以及对语言的影响。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，在所有的剧作家中，莎士比亚的戏剧仍然是世界上翻译最多、表演最多的。A. selected选择；B. performed表演；C. evaluated评估；D. revised修改、校订，复习。空前一句说16世纪的剧作家本·约翰逊评价莎士比亚 “不是一个时代的作家，而是永远的作家”，因此在所有的剧作家中，他的戏剧仍然是世界上翻译最多、表演最多的，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果你问人们是什么原因致使莎士比亚持续流行，你会得到许多不同的答案。A. unexpected意外的；B. varying易变的；C. individual个体的；D. enduring持久的。文章第一句说16世纪的剧作家本·约翰逊评价莎士比亚 “不是一个时代的作家，而是永远的作家”，这说明莎士比亚一直受欢迎，也就是“持续流行”，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人会说他是一个很会讲故事的人，也有人会说他的诗歌之美才是重要的。A. magic魔力；B. evidence证据；C. creativity创造力；D. count总数、关键。此处是在分析莎士比亚的持续流行的原因，有人认为他的诗歌之美才是重要的（让他一直受欢迎的关键在于他的诗歌很美），故选D。
【34题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：一些学者指出，他出生在英国历史上一个生机勃勃的时期，一个民族自信和文化活跃的时期，尤其是在戏剧界。因此，他们声称，他能够写出大量的作品。A. In a word总之；B. As a consequence因此；C. By contrast相比之下；D. To some degree在某种程度上。根据上下文语境，“莎士比亚出生在英国历史上一个民族自信和文化活跃的时期”与“他能够写出大量的作品”之间是因果关系，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后一个解释似乎有点无聊。哈罗德•布鲁姆在他的著作《莎士比亚:人类的发明》中提出了一个更有趣的答案，尽管有点过于热情。布鲁姆认为莎士比亚在他的作品中给了我们一些我们在文学作品中从未见过的东西：具有强烈个性的人物。A. possible可能的；B. convincing有说服力的；C. unsatisfactory不令人满意的；D. boring无聊的。此处与空后一句中的interesting（有趣的）相对，指“无聊的”，故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. man男人,人类；B. literature文学；C. history历史；D. focus中心。莎士比亚是剧作家，他的作品属于文学范畴，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些栩栩如生的角色让我们真正了解了人类的情感。A. condition情况；B. emotions情感；C. factor因素；D. resources资源。冒号后的内容（伊阿古，奥赛罗的亲信顾问，嫉妒心使他背叛了诚实的主人；罗莎琳德，《皆大欢喜》中的女主角，尽管自己面临危险，她仍然忠于朋友和家人）提到的两个人物都涉及了人类的情感，故选B。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过这些人物所说的话，我们学到了我们都能认同的生活真理。A. qualify for有……的资格；B. judge from从……上判断；C. specialize in专攻；D. identify with与一致、认为……等同于。根据空前的“truths about life”可知，这些真理都是我们所认同的，故选D。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些真理之所以更感人、更令人难忘，是因为它们的措辞简洁而富有诗意。A. proved证明；B. phrased措辞；C. believed相信；D. understood理解。根据常识，文学作品是通过措辞来表达的，冒号后的“briefly and poetically”也是措辞方式，故选B。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：莎士比亚离世已近400年，但人们认为他的说辞仍然为今天的英语增色不少。A. color粉饰、增色；B. define定义；C. represent表现；D. involve牵涉。根据空前的“the words and saying attributed to him still”可知，莎士比亚作品中的说辞仍然为今天的英语增色，故选A。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，无论你是“时髦”还是“虚伪”，都要感谢莎士比亚，他可能创造了这些词汇。A. honored给某人以荣誉；B. improved改进；C. coined创造（新词等）；D. chose选择。空前一句说无论你是“时髦”还是“虚伪”，都要感谢莎士比亚，这说明他可能创造了这些词汇，故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：比起莎士比亚语言的流行，迈克尔·麦克隆更感兴趣的是它幸存下来的原因。A. significance重要性、意义；B. variety种类；C. livelihood生计、营生；D. popularity流行、受欢迎。根据第一段中的“popularity”可知此处指“流行”，故选D。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据他的研究，这些俗语中的一些，一旦被从它们最初所在剧本的上下文中摘出，就与它们的原意略有不同。A. concept概念；B. time时间；C. context上下文、语境；D. outline轮廓、大纲。根据空后的“of the plays in which they first”可知，此处指“最初所在剧本的上下文中”，故选C。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：撇开这些技术细节不谈，值得注意的是，莎士比亚的很多词汇在当时和现在的语言中仍然保留了大量的相似之处。A. shifts转变；B. conflicts冲突；C. similarities相似之处；D. trends趋势。根据空前的“Regardless of such technicalities”可知，莎士比亚的很多词汇在当时和现在的语言中仍然保留了大量的相似之处，旨在突出莎士比亚的作品对语言的影响，故选C。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些词语的优美当然是其中一个原因，但正如约翰逊所指出的，正是它们的措辞所体现的人性，让它们栩栩如生。A. usage使用；B. wording措辞；C. originality独创性；D. message信息。根据空后的“brings them to life”可知此处指“莎士比亚作品中的措辞所体现的人性”，故选B。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions on unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
A radio report caught my attention the other day, as it spoke straight to my heart: Cadets(学员) at the US Naval Academy are now required to revisit and potentially revive the ancient skill of steering a ship by the stars.
By the stars – imagine that: looking up at the sky, not down at a screen, so many years after the heavens’ critical role in guiding mariners has fallen by the wayside, first replaced by radio waves, then by modern GPS. Much is gained – but something also lost – in such progress, I think.
It reminded me of my love of 18th and 19th century seafaring(航海的) tales (reading them is one of my coping mechanisms for uneventful life in the landlocked Midwest), when sailors had only celestial(天空的) maps for navigation and still miraculously managed to sail the planet’s vast oceans and even circumnavigate the globe.
Recent cybersecurity concerns have triggered renewed interest in backup navigational strategies such as stargazing, and simple hand-held technologies like the sextant(六分仪), so often mentioned in Richard Henry Dana’s Two Years Before the Mast, a tale that chronicles a mid-19th-century merchant ship’s endlessly adventurous voyage from Boston to California and back.
I wouldn’t wish the harsh conditions of that trip on modern sailors, but I am all for anything that help people find their compass bearings(方位) and travel routes without high-tech and often mindless guidance.
“Is that north or south of here?” I’ve asked motel clerks and gas station attendants about a particular address I’m seeking in my GPS-less travels.
“Well, it’s that way,” comes the most frequent reply, accompanied by a pointed finger, and I realize that north, south, east, and west are not familiar coordinates(坐标) to many people.
To be fair, I haven’t always been used to compass points either. In fact it was not until I was a young adult, lying on a float in my parents’ pool on a late summer’s visit home, and watching the sun set below the roofline, that I first realized that my childhood home faced due west. I was shocked that I’d been oblivious to this simple fact, especially since I’d begun to be schooled in geology and in compass work. But like so many, I’d grown up thinking and navigating using other coordinates, based on familiar streets, rights and lefts, and reference points such as my school, the homes of friends, the nearest playground, and the local shopping plaza.
I’ve going since become accustomed to finding my bearings on travels in unfamiliar territory by the sun’s position. And now I’d love to sit in on a class at the academy to learn to navigate by the moon and stars. It’s a skill I’ll probably never need to draw upon. Yet it feels good to know how it would connect me, in a new and profound way, to the historical trace of human experience on this planet.
As for modern sailors, it might just bring them safely home one day, if all else fails.
46. What kind of role do 18th and 19th century seafaring tales play in the author’s life?
A. Enriching his dull inland life.
B. Triggering his concern for cyber security.
C. Arousing his interest in modern navigational strategies.
D. Strengthening his resolve to revive an ancient skill.
47. The author mentions his experience of seeking an address in paragraph 6 and 7 to illustrate ________.
A. the importance of modern technology such as GPS in travels
B. that it’s essential to learn geography and compass work well at school
C. that many people don’t navigate in terms of coordinates such as north and south
D. the convenience of navigating based on familiar streets, rights and lefts and reference points
48. The underlined phrase “oblivious to” in paragraph 8 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. obvious to B. familiar with C. unconcerned about D. unaware of
49. Why does the author plan to learn to navigate by the moon and stars?
A. Because he expects to experience the harsh conditions on the voyage in the past.
B. Because he is required to revisit this ancient skill as a cadet at the U.S. Naval Academy.
C. Because the skill can make him feel connected to the historical heritage of human beings.
D. Because the skill can bring sailors home, safe and sound, if modern technology fails.
【答案】46. A 47. C 48. D 49. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者能够根据太阳的位置在陌生的地域里寻找方向，以及作者计划学习通过月亮和星星导航，因为这种技能可以让他感到与人类的历史遗迹有联系。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中It reminded me of my love of 18th and 19th century seafaring tales (reading them is one of my coping mechanisms for uneventful life in the landlocked Midwest)（这让我想起了我对18、19世纪航海故事的热爱(阅读这些故事是我在内陆的中西部平淡生活的应对机制之一)）可知18、19世纪的航海故事扮演者丰富作者沉闷的内陆生活的角色。故选A。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段中“Well, it’s that way,” comes the most frequent reply, accompanied by a pointed finger, and I realize that north, south, east, and west are not familiar coordinates to many people.（“嗯，是这样的，”是最常见的回答，并伴随着一根手指，我意识到，对许多人来说并不熟悉东西南北坐标。）可知作者在第6段和第7段中提到了他寻找地址的经历，以此来说明很多人并不是按照南北坐标来导航的。故选C。
【48题详解】
词义猜测题。结合上文In fact it was not until I was a young adult, lying on a float in my parents’ pool on a late summer’s visit home, and watching the sun set below the roofline, that I first realized that my childhood home faced due west.可知事实上，直到作者年轻的时候，才第一次意识到儿时的家是正西方的。说明之前作者一直忽视了这个简单的事实，因此在意识到之后感到很震惊。故划线短语意思为“忽视”，故选D。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中And now I’d love to sit in on a class at the academy to learn to navigate by the moon and stars. It’s a skill I’ll probably never need to draw upon. Yet it feels good to know how it would connect me, in a new and profound way, to the historical trace of human experience on this planet.（现在我想去学院上课，学习如何通过月亮和星星导航。这是一种我可能永远都不会用到的技能。然而，知道它将如何以一种全新而深刻的方式把我与人类在这个星球上的历史痕迹联系起来，让我感觉很好。）可知作者计划学习通过月亮和星星导航，因为这种技能可以让他感到与人类的历史遗迹有联系。故选C。
(B)
“When I use a word,” Humpty Dumpty said, “it means just what I choose to mean — neither more nor less.”
— THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS
I agree with Mr. Dumpty: Words have meaning. But surely we can seize upon a meaning and then create a word to match it. The following words-some culled from the crowdsourced online dictionary urban dictionary.com and others I’ve concocted myself-don’t exist according to Merriam-Webster...but should I call them “worderfuls”.

blamestorming n. — The act of attempting to identify the person who is most at fault for a plan’s failure.
cellfish n. — Someone who talks on the phone to the exclusion of those he or she is with.
chairdrobe n. — A chair on which one piles clothes that belong in the closet. Not to be confused with a floordrobe.
chiptease n. — A bag of potato chips that seems full but is mostly air.
dullema n. — The choice between two equally boring outcomes.
epiphinot n. —An idea that seems like an amazing insight to the conceiver but is in fact pointless, mundane, stupid, or incorrect.
errorist n. — Someone who is repeatedly or invariably wrong.
nonversation n. — A completely meaningless or useless conversation.
pregret v. — To know what you’re about to do is wrong, wrong, wrong while also knowing you will do it anyway.
unlighten v. — To learn something that makes you dumber.
50. According to the writer, “worderfuls” refer to words ________.
A. that are collected by online dictionaries
B. that already exist but have a new meaning
C. that are made up to match certain meanings
D. that have been included in Merriam-Webster
51. Which of the following words can be illustrated by the picture below?
A. blamestorming B. chairdrobe C. chiptease D. errorist

52. Which of the following words best fits the blank in the sentence: Since you ________ to go abroad, why on earth do you choose to go to France?
A. cellfish B. nonversation C. pregret D. unlighten
【答案】50. C 51. B 52. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了从众包在线词典urban dictionary.com上挑出来的或作者自己创造的一些词。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“But surely we can seize upon a meaning and then create a word to match it. The following words-some culled from the crowdsourced online dictionary urban dictionary.com and others I’ve concocted myself-don’t exist according to Merriam-Webster...but should.I call them “worderfuls”.(但我们当然可以抓住一个意思，然后创造一个与之匹配的词。下面这些词，有些是从众包在线词典urban dictionary.com上挑出来的，有些是我自己编造的，但韦氏词典上并不存在这些词。但应该。我称他们为“worderfuls”。)”可知，worderfuls指的是为了配合特定的意思而编造出来的词，故选C。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。观察图片可知，图中有很多衣服放在椅子上，根据文中的“chairdrobe n.—A chair on which one piles clothes that belong in the closet.(chairdrobe，名词——衣橱里的衣服可以堆放在上面的椅子)”可知，这幅图可以阐明chairdrobe这个词，故选B。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据题中的“go abroad, why on earth do you choose to go to France(出国，你究竟为什么选择去法国呢)”可知，题干中前半句的意思是“既然你知道去国外是错误的”，因此空格处意为“知道是错误的却无论如何还要去做”，再根据文中的“pregret v.—To know what you’re about to do is wrong, wrong, wrong while also knowing you will do it anyway(pregret，动词——知道你将要做的事情是错误的，错误的，错误的，同时也知道你无论如何都会去做)”可知，空格处用pregret，故选C。
(C)
At Cleveland Bridge, in Bath, a long line of traffic is building up. Although the Georgian structure was praised for its handsome Greek Revival style by Nikolaus Pevsner, an architectural master, it was built for horses, not cars. Repairs will close the bridge for several months, causing bigger jams and more pollution in a city where air quality is already a cause of concern.
Bath is an extreme example of a tradeoff faced by much of the country. Britain has the oldest housing stock in Europe, with one in five homes more than 100 years old. Period features are prized and often protected by law. Yet as efforts to cut carbon emissions intensify, they are clashing with attempts to preserve heritage. It is a “delicate balance” says Wera Hobhouse, Bath’s MP “What is the public benefit of dealing with the climate emergency, versus protecting a heritage asset?”
Two years ago, Bath was among the first British cities to declare a “climate emergency” when it also promised to go carbon-neutral by 2030. Yet Bath also wants-and is legally required to preserve its heritage. With Roman remains and Georgian streets that spread across the Avon Valley in shades of honey and butter, the city is designated a world heritage site by UNESCO. About 60% of it is further protected by the government as a conservation area, more than 5.000 of Bath’s buildings-nearly 10% of the total-are listed as being of special architectural or historical interest, making it a criminal offence to alter them without permission.
Many of the features that make Bath’s Georgian buildings so delicate also make them leaky. Buildings of traditional construction make up 30% of Bath’s housing stock but account for 40% of domestic carbon emissions, according to the Centre for Sustainable Energy, a charity. British homes are rated for energy efficiency on a scale from A to G; most traditional buildings in the city are an F or G.
Transport is another area where climate and heritage clash. Bath’s 17t-century streets lack room for bike lanes. Joanna Wright was recently booted out of her role as Bath’s climate chief after proposing that North Road, which leads to the university, should be closed to traffic. In two years she was unable to install any on-street electric-vehicle charging points, partly because of the “nightmare" of getting permission to dig up old pavements.
All this means going carbon neutral by 2030 looks hard, but the city is at least beginning to make compromises. In March it launched the first “clean-air zone” outside London, charging drivers to enter central Bath. A trial has made 160 electric motoreycles available to hire. And local opinion seems to be shifting in favour of sustainability. “The discussion has moved dramatically towards considering the climate emergency,” says Ms. Hobhouse.
53. What problem does Bath face?
A. It is getting more and more crowded due to the repairs that are under way.
B. Its historical significance makes it hard to reform it into an eco-friendly city.
C. It refuses to admit that the climate emergency is already a cause of concern.
D. Its promise to go carbon-neutral by 2030 wins no support from the city residents.
54. The percentage mentioned in the underlined sentence (paragraph 4) is intended to _________.
A. question the validity of the A-G scale
B. highlight the long history of Bath’s buildings
C. emphasize the buildings are not energy efficient
D. illustrate the features that Bath’s buildings share
55. It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that Joanna Wright _________.
A. failed to perform her duties well
B. managed to dig up some old pavements
C. succeeded in building bike lanes in Bath
D. removed charging points from Bath’s streets
56. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Wera Hobhouse doesn’t care much about the public benefit.
B. Traditional buildings in Bath are not accessible to tourists now.
C. Local people in Bath used to favour heritage over sustainability.
D. Bath has been leading the way in constructing a carbon-neutral city.
【答案】53. A 54. C 55. A 56. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴斯的历史建筑遗产与气候之间产生冲突，在保护遗产资源的同时，应采取方法应对气候的紧急情况。
【53题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Repairs will close the bridge for several months, causing bigger jams and more pollution in a city where air quality is already a cause of concern.(修复工作将使大桥关闭数月，在这个空气质量已经令人担忧的城市造成更大的堵塞和更多的污染)”可知，巴斯现在面临的问题是由于正在进行的维修，它变得越来越拥挤了。故选A项。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Many of the features that make Bath’s Georgian buildings so delicate also make them leaky. Buildings of traditional construction make up 30% of Bath’s housing stock but account for 40% of domestic carbon emissions, according to the Centre for Sustainable Energy, a charity.(巴斯格鲁吉亚建筑的许多特点使其如此精致，也使其存在漏洞。根据一个慈善机构，可持续能源中心的数据，传统建筑占巴斯住房存量的30%，但占国内碳排放量的40%)”可知，传统建筑只占总住房存量的30%，但是碳排放量却高达40%，句中的百分比被提及的目的是为了强调传统建筑不节能。故选C项。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Bath’s 17t-century streets lack room for bike lanes. Joanna Wright was recently booted out of her role as Bath’s climate chief after proposing that North Road, which leads to the university, should be closed to traffic. In two years she was unable to install any on-street electric-vehicle charging points, partly because of the “nightmare” of getting permission to dig up old pavements.(巴斯17世纪的街道没有自行车道。乔安娜·赖特最近被解除了巴斯大学气候主管的职务，因为她提议，通往该大学的北路应该禁止交通。两年内，她无法在街上安装任何电动汽车充电点，部分原因是获得挖掘旧路面的许可的“噩梦”)”可知，乔安娜·赖特无法获得挖掘旧路面的许可，未能成功挖掘旧的人行道，未提及她成功修建自行车道，她无法在街上安装电动汽车充电点，自然也就不能从街道上拆除充电点，所以B，C，D三项错误，乔安娜·赖特没能解决相关问题，不能改善气候，可推测乔安娜·赖特未能很好地履行职责。故选A项。
【56题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Two years ago, Bath was among the first British cities to declare a “climate emergency” when it also promised to go carbon-neutral by 2030.(两年前，巴斯是首批宣布“气候紧急状态”的英国城市之一，当时它还承诺到2030年实现碳中和)”以及最后一段“All this means going carbon neutral by 2030 looks hard, but the city is at least beginning to make compromises.(所有这一切意味着到2030年实现碳中和的看起来很难，但这座城市至少开始做出妥协)”可知，巴斯在建设碳中和城市方面一直处于领先地位。故选D项。
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need
The Hardest Novel I’ve Ever Read
For the last three months, I have glared at its fat heavy form on my floor with a vague sense of personal failure. I have opened Ulysses twice, determined to finish it, and managed to get all the way to page 46. I have read so little both times that I have never bothered using a bookmark.
____57____ I like the community this book has created, its inherent sense of freedom and celebration of all things rude and true. I like that the style and language allow for readers to choose how they read it — some recommend skipping chapter three, others suggest reading it only after reading ABOUT it but I still get stuck.
Why do I get stuck? ____58____ On the “Most Difficult Novels” list on the Goodreads website, Joyce takes the top two spots, with Ulysses ranking first and Finnegans Wake following it. I think what is restricting me to page 46 is the language: the big fat burst of Chaucerian English with slang and jaunty dialogue that, while entertaining me, is also leaving me a little lost.
There are a few other “worthy” works of literature I have yet to read, including Infinite Jest and War and Peace. ____59____ I really want to love Ulysses. I feel deeply frustrated that I can’t finish it, all the while appreciating its uniqueness, weightiness and special “Joyceness.”
The English writer Virginia Woolf thought Ulysses was nonsense as she complained in her diaries about the pressure to finish reading it. By contrast, Vladimir Nabokov, the author who wrote Lolita expressed deep love for it. ____60____ I have read it similar to a long marriage(something unpleasant, big reward at the end), modern Jazz-fusion (an innovative genre) and boxing match with oneself (wanting to punch yourself in the face), which is how I felt by page 46.
Some people love Ulysses, so where am I getting wrong? My ultimate hope is that the struggle will be worth the effort and I can proceed victorious onto page 800 or so, on my third fourth, eighteenth try. Something tells me I will get there in the end.
A. I’m not entirely sure myself
B. A lot of them are weighty tomes (巨著), but I like big books
C. It seems that reading Ulysses is a big different experience for everyone.
D. Even when staring at pages without absorbing a word, I thought nice thoughts about it
E. They, however, only cause me a slight sense of shame that I have not read or enjoyed them
F. I have been amused and charmed by the first two or three chapters, and then puzzled and bored.
【答案】57. F 58. A 59. E 60. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者在读《尤利西斯》时遇到问题并分析原因。
【57题详解】
上文“I have opened Ulysses twice, determined to finish it, and managed to get all the way to page 46. I have read so little both times that I have never bothered using a bookmark.(我把《尤利西斯》翻了两遍，决心读完它，终于翻到了46页。这两次我都读得很少，以至于我都懒得用书签)”中作者提到读《尤利西斯》，并终于读到了第46页，F项“I have been amused and charmed by the first two or three chapters, and then puzzled and bored.(我被前两三章逗乐和迷住，然后感到困惑和无聊)”继续讲述阅读的过程和感受，同时提出阅读中遇到的问题：困惑和无聊，下文“some recommend skipping chapter three, others suggest reading it only after reading ABOUT it but I still get stuck.(一些人建议跳过第三章，其他人建议在阅读了它之后再阅读，但我仍然卡在其中)”进一步指出问题的关键是“第三章”，并给出一些解决该问题的建议，F项符合上下文连贯。故选F项。
【58题详解】
上文“Why do I get stuck?(为什么我被卡住了?)”提出问题，C项“I’m not entirely sure myself.(我自己也不太确定)”作者作出回答：自己也不太确定，同时，下文“I think what is restricting me to page 46 is the language: the big fat burst of Chaucerian English with slang and jaunty dialogue that, while entertaining me, is also leaving me a little lost.(我认为把我限制在第46页的是语言：大量的乔叟式英语、俚语和欢快的对话，使我感到有趣，但也使我有点迷失)”给出了作者认为可能的原因，符合上下文连贯。故选A项。
【59题详解】
上文“There are a few other ‘worthy’ works of literature I have yet to read, including Infinite Jest and War and Peace.(还有一些其他‘有价值’的文学作品我还没有读过，包括《无限的玩笑》和《战争与和平》)”讲作者还未读的‘有价值’的其它文学作品，E项“They, however, only cause me a slight sense of shame that I have not read or enjoyed them. (然而，没有读过或喜欢它们只是使我略感羞愧)”承接上文讲没有读它们给作者带来的影响：只是使我略感羞愧，进而引出下文作者表达对《尤利西斯》的真正喜欢：“I really want to love Ulysses.(我真的很想去爱《尤利西斯》)”，符合上下文连贯。故选E项。
【60题详解】
上文“The English writer Virginia Woolf thought Ulysses was nonsense as she complained in her diaries about the pressure to finish reading it. By contrast, Vladimir Nabokov, the author who wrote Lolita expressed deep love for it.(英国作家弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫认为《尤利西斯》是无稽之谈，她在日记中抱怨读完它的压力太大。相比之下，《洛丽塔》的作者弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫对它表达了深深的喜爱)”讲英国作家弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫和《洛丽塔》的作者弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫在读《尤利西斯》的不同体验，C项“It seems that reading Ulysses is a big different experience for everyone.(看来阅读《尤利西斯》对每个人来说都是一种不同的体验)”是对上文内容的总结，同时引出下文作者对自己阅读体验的描述，符合上下文连贯。故选C项。
IV. Summary Writing
61. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The dangers of safety
Travelling by road is widely accepted as being the most dangerous way to travel with far more deaths per kilometer than rail, sea or air. In fact, while road traffic injuries represent about 25% of worldwide injury-related deaths, deaths on the road in the UK have been decreasing for some time. We take a look at why the number is decreasing, but why it seems impossible to avoid deaths completely.
Over the years, different methods of reducing the number of crashes have been tried. The Locomotive and Highways Act of 1865 introduced the idea of speed limits to the motoring world. Since then, more and more ways of controlling the behaviour of drivers have been introduced such as one-way streets and traffic signals as well as compulsory driver testing and licensing. These days, there are many more methods of enforcement, including speed cameras and fines for breaking motor laws.
Another solution is to make cars themselves safer in case of an accident. This means the main focus has been on passive safety or crash survival rather than active safety or avoiding crashes. There are many innovations by motor manufacturers which have made cars safer, such as seat belts, anti-lock brakes and airbags. These improvements have tended to make the driver feel more in control and isolated him/her from the fast-moving and dangerous environment outside the car. It seems strange that as improvements have been made the number of crashes continues to increase.
Actually, it is wrong to talk about safe and dangerous cars in this way. The key to this problem is not actually the car, but the driver. In fact, making drivers feel safer is not the solution to the problem, but it is the cause of the problem. As drivers feel safer, it encourages them to drive aggressively and to ignore other road users and therefore increases the number of crashes
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Deaths on the road in the UK have been decreasing. The reason is that different methods of reducing the number of crashes have been tried. Lots of laws have been implemented to control drivers’ behaviors; meanwhile, solutions were also adopted to make cars safer. However, the key to reducing deaths on the road is not the car, but the driver.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了英国道路死亡人数减少的原因和造成死亡的关键因素。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①In fact, while road traffic injuries represent about 25% of worldwide injury-related deaths, deaths on the road in the UK have been decreasing for some time. We take a look at why the number is decreasing, but why it seems impossible to avoid deaths completely.
②Over the years, different methods of reducing the number of crashes have been tried.
③The Locomotive and Highways Act of 1865 introduced the idea of speed limits to the motoring world. Since then, more and more ways of controlling the behaviour of drivers have been introduced such as one-way streets and traffic signals. as well as compulsory driver testing and licensing.
④Another solution is to make cars themselves safer in case of an accident.
⑤Actually, it is wrong to talk about safe and dangerous cars in this way. The key to this problem is not actually the car, but the driver.
2.缜密构思
将第①个要点进行重组作为导入，将第②个要点进行重组作为总说，将第③、④两个要点进行整合，将第⑤进行重组。
3.遣词造句
Deaths on the road in the UK have been decreasing
The reason is different methods of reducing the number of crashes have been tried.
Lots of laws have been implemented to control drivers’ behaviors; meanwhile, solutions were also adopted to make cars safer.
However, the key to reducing deaths on the road is not the car, but the driver.
【点睛】[高分句型1]: The reason is that different methods of reducing the number of crashes have been tried. 运用省略that的表语从句对原文进行概括。
[高分句型2]: Lots of laws have been implemented to control drivers’ behaviors; meanwhile, solutions were also adopted to make cars safer. 运用动词不定式作目的状语；对第③、④进行整合。
V.Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English using the words given in the brackets
62. 我最关心的是日常必需品是否能买到，而不是它们质量怎么好。(concern)（汉译英）
【答案】What concerns me most is not how good the daily necessities are but the availability of them.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主语从句。分析句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“我最关心的是”用what引导的主语从句，是what concerns me most，“日常必需品”是the daily necessities，“日常必需品（他们）是否能买到”用the availability of them，“而不是”用not，“它们质量怎么好”是how good the daily necessities are，因此整句话翻译为“What concerns me most is not how good the daily necessities are but the availability of them”，故答案为What concerns me most is not how good the daily necessities are but the availability of them.
63. 我很感激志愿者们在疫情期间为确保小区稳定运转所做的努力。(appreciate) （汉译英）
【答案】I appreciate the volunteers’efforts to ensure the stable operation of the community during the pandemic.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、名词和不定式。根据提示，本句为一般现在时，表示“感激”应用动词appreciate，充当该句谓语；表示“志愿者们所做的努力”的表达为volunteers’ efforts，充当宾语，其中名词所有格volunteers’修饰名词efforts；表示“确保”应用动词ensure，此处应用不定式to ensure充当efforts的定语；表示“稳定”应用形容词stable，充当定语，修饰operation，operation即“运转”；表示“小区”应用名词community，前面加上of，作operation的后置定语；表示“在疫情期间”应用短语during the pandemic。故翻译为：I appreciate the volunteers’efforts to ensure the stable operation of the community during the pandemic.
64. 直到这个网红被罚以巨款，我们才意识到她的主要获利途径就是在社交媒体上推销商品。(Not until)（汉译英）
【答案】Not until this online celebrity was fined a huge sum of money did we realize that her main way to make money was to promote products on social media.
【解析】
【详解】考查部分倒装和宾语从句。表示“直到……才……”句型为not until…that…，位于句首应用部分倒装；表示“网红被罚以巨款”翻译为this online celebrity was fined a huge sum of money；表示“我们才意识到她的主要获利途径就是在社交媒体上推销商品”翻译为we realize that her main way to make money was to promote products on social media。句子应用一般过去时。故翻译为Not until this online celebrity was fined a huge sum of money did we realize that her main way to make money was to promote products on social media.
65. 这一半个世纪前发现的历史遗迹分布范围达 50 平方公里，统一规划，布局有序，建筑宏伟。(cover) （汉译英）
【答案】This historic site, which was discovered half a century ago, covers an area of 50 square kilometers, with unified planning, order layout and magnificent architecture.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、非谓语动词和时态。 historic site历史遗迹；cover an area of...占地面积为……；unified planning统一规划；order layout布局有序；magnificent architecture建筑宏伟。根据句意可知，句子主干是一个主谓宾结构，主句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，即This historic site covers an area of 50 square kilometers；句中可以使用一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为historic site，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。根据时间状语half a century ago可知，用一般过去时，即which was discovered half a century ago；之后用with的介宾短语。根据句意，故翻译为This historic site, which was discovered half a century ago, covers an area of 50 square kilometers, with unified planning, order layout and magnificent architecture.
VI.Guided Writing
66. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below.
假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，你所参加的影评社团计划恢复一周一次的讨论会，社团负责人希望就会议采取线上还是线下的形式听取成员的意见。写一封邮件给负责人，在邮件中，你必须:
1) 明确给出你的选择（从两者中选择其一）
2) 详细说明你的理由。
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
As for the weekly seminar, I think we’d better have it online.
First of all, as the COVID-19 situation is still serious, holding online seminars will help to keep our members healthy by reducing the number of people gathering and the chances of feeling coronavirus infection. Secondly, due to the developed network, the effect of online discussion is not worse than that of offline discussion. We can use Tencent Conference or Dingding to hold a discussion. These softwares can ensure that many people discuss together. As in offline discussions, members can express their opinions. Thirdly, online discussion can save the time for members to travel to and from school and save the cost of transportation.
I hope my opinion will be accepted.
Yours,
LiMing
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给影评社团写封邮件，就一周一次的讨论会应该采取线上还是线下的形式提出意见。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
严重的：serious→severe
健康的：healthy→fit
保证：ensure→guarantee
因为：due to→owing to
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As in offline discussions, members can express their opinions.
拓展句：Members can express their opinions, which are the same in offline discussions.
【点睛】[高分句型1] First of all, as the COVID-19 situation is still serious, holding online seminars will help to keep our members healthy by reducing the number of people gathering and the chances of feeling coronavirus infection. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] These softwares can ensure that many people discuss together. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)