2022-2023学年黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共29页。


大庆铁人中学2022级高一学学期期末考试
英语试题
试题说明：1、本试题满分150分，答题时间120分钟。
2、请将答案填写在答题卡上，考试结束后只交答题卡。
第Ⅰ卷 选择题部分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman say about the dress?
A. It’s out of date. B. It’s cheap. C. It’s beautiful.
2. Who is the woman probably talking to?
A. Her friend. B. Her coach. C. Her brother.
3. What does the woman plan to do?
A. Handle her work. B. Go home. C. Pick up Mark.
4. When will the speakers see the film?
A. At 6:30 p.m. B. At 7:00 p.m. C. At 8:00 p.m.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The man’s sister. B. A pet. C. An accident.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What do we know about Jane?
A. She lost her umbrella. B. She can’t go to the party. C. She is fine now.
7. How did Jane go home last night?
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. On foot.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. In which country did the man attend university?
A. Canada. B. Australia. C. America.
9. Where does the man’s mother probably work?
A. At an engineering firm. B. In a hospital. C. At a university.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Co-workers. C. Schoolmates.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11 Where does the conversation take place?
A. On the phone. B. In the man’s house. C. In the company.
12. How much will the woman pay for the rent per month?
A. $650. B. $700. C. $750.
13. For what does the woman have to pay herself?
A. The TV. B. The furniture. C. The water and electricity.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What is Linda going to do this afternoon?
A. Go to the dentist. B. Date with the man. C. Go to the supermarket.
15. What day is it today?
A. Monday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
16. What does Linda ask the man to do?
A. Have his teeth examined. B. Brush his teeth twice a day. C. Eat less dessert.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. Who is probably the speaker?
A. A reporter. B. A teacher. C. A writer.
18. What did the coachman do outside the theater?
A. He read a book. B. He looked after the horse. C. He enjoyed the snow.
19. How did the young lady feel about the coachman’s situation?
A. Sad. B. Moved. C. Casual.
20. What does the speaker want to tell us?
A. Help those around us as much as we can.
B. Read as many books as we can.
C. Be grateful for what we have.
第二部分 基础知识考察（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
选词填空

1. You’d better make up a ____________ for your everyday homework.
2. He is in the library gathering ____________ for what he is writing.
3. Have you got any ____________ to make on the recent development?
4. For many nations, blue is a ____________ of protection and religious beliefs.
5. I’d like to make you a suit to your ____________.
【答案】1. A 2. D
3. B 4. E
5. C
【解析】
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你最好为你的日常作业制定一个时间表。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词schedule作宾语，意为“时间表”。故选A。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在图书馆为他正在写的东西收集资料。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词material作宾语，意为“资料”。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你对最近的发展有什么意见吗？分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词comment作宾语，意为“意见，评论”。故选B。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多国家来说，蓝色是保护和宗教信仰的象征。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词symbol作表语，意为“象征，标志”。故选E。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想给你做一套适合你尺寸的衣服。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词measure作宾语，意为“测量，尺寸”。故选C。
选词填空

6. Could you help me look up this word in the dictionary when it is ____________ for you?
7. A great number of people have been killed in the accident but the ____________ number of victims hasn’t been announced yet.
8. We are doing our best although the resources we can get are very ____________.
9. To get more detailed information of the community, they decided to interview each ____________ member.
10. Luckily, people gradually become ____________ of the importance of education.
【答案】6. E 7. A
8. D 9. C
10. B
【解析】
【6题详解】
考查形容词。句意：你方便的时候能帮我在字典里查一下这个词吗？分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，结合句意可知，此处表示“方便的”应为convenient。故选E项。
【7题详解】
考查形容词。句意：很多人在这次事故中丧生，但具体的遇难者人数尚未公布。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语，结合句意可知，此处表示“具体的”应为specific。故选A项。
【8题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然我们能得到的资源非常有限，但我们正在尽最大努力。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，结合句意可知，此处表示“有限的”应为limited。故选D项。
【9题详解】
考查形容词。句意：为了获得更详细的社区信息，他们决定采访每个成员。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语，结合句意可知，此处表示“个人的”应为individual。故选C项。
【10题详解】
考查形容词。句意：幸运的是，人们逐渐意识到教育的重要性。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，结合句意可知，此处表示“有意识的”应为aware。故选B项。
选词填空

11. He makes his pupils ____________ knowledge through various kinds of interesting activities.
12. Having lived abroad for many years, many Chinese still ____________ the Spring Festival every year.
13. If you want to visit the museum, I ____________ that you go there by taxi.
14. In this section, I’ll ____________ some of these differences.
15. It is your efforts, not your intelligence, that ____________ your future success.
【答案】11. C 12. A
13. E 14. B
15. D
【解析】
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：他通过各种有趣的活动使学生获得知识。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要不带to的动词不定式acquire作宾语补语，意为“获得”。故选C。
【12题详解】
考查动词。句意：在国外生活了多年，许多中国人仍然每年过春节。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词observe作谓语，意为“庆祝”。故选A。
【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：如果你想参观博物馆，我建议你乘出租车去。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词recommend作主句谓语动词，意为“建议”。故选E。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：在本节中，我将说明其中的一些差异。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词illustrate作谓语，在情态动词后用动词原形，意为“说明”。故选B。
【15题详解】
考查动词。句意：决定你未来成功的是你的努力，而不是你的智力。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词determine作谓语，意为“决定”。故选D。
第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分）
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
People living in the UK take quite a few holidays abroad and in this country each year. Choices made about where to go, how to get there and what to do while there can either benefit or harm the environment.
While on holiday
Many of the things you can do to the greener on holiday will be the same things you can do at home—but there are also some extra things too, like avoiding gifts made from endangered plants and animals. Here are some suggestions:
●Making the most of locally produced food and drink, and local activities and attractions will support people in the area you are visiting and reduce the need for further environmental influence from transport;
●Switching off any air conditioning, heating and lights will help reduce climate change effect;
●Save water—some countries suffer from water shortages and saving water can help avoid damage to our natural habitats.
Endangered species
Some gifts and foods available in some countries can be made from endangered plants or animals. Check before you buy and avoid animal and plant gifts. More details of the types of products to avoid and illegal trade hot spots can be found on the Souvenir Alert webpage.
Making a positive contribution to the place you are visiting
There are ways in which your holiday can help support local people and the environment:
●There are many opportunities to volunteer and help with projects that conserve and improve natural habitats;
●When you are away, or if you are looking for somewhere to visit, you can support projects or attractions which protect wildlife, such as nature reserves and conservation projects.
16. According to the passage, we can______ to help reduce climate change effect.
A. save electricity B. buy local food and drink
C. make good use of water D. go around on foot
17. We should check the gifts and foods before buying because ______.
A. sometimes they are of poor quality
B. they may be made from endangered animals or plants
C. some of them will do harm to our health
D. they may not be typical local products
18. The passage is mainly about______.
A. travel dos and don’ts
B. the harm done to the environment
C. tips on protecting endangered species
D. greener choices for holiday
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了度假时环保的选择。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Switching off any air conditioning, heating and lights will help reduce climate change effect;(关掉空调，暖气和灯可以帮助减少气候变化的影响)”可知，通过节约用电我们可以帮助减少气候变化的影响。故选A。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Endangered species部分的“Some gifts and foods available in some countries can be made from endangered plants or animals. Check before you buy and avoid animal and plant gifts. (一些国家提供的一些礼物和食物可能由濒危植物或动物制成。购买前要检查，避免动物和植物礼物)”可知，我们应该在购买之前检查礼物和食物，它们可能由濒危动物或植物制成。故选B。
【18题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“People living in the UK take quite a few holidays abroad and in this country each year. Choices made about where to go, how to get there and what to do while there can either benefit or harm the environment.(生活在英国的人每年都会在国外和这个国家度假。关于去哪里、如何到达那里以及在那里做什么的选择对环境有利或有害)”以及下文的一些建议可知，这篇文章主要介绍了度假时环保的选择，故选D。
B
For Chinese students nowadays, no matter what kind of schools they’re going to, they have to face the problem of learning English. All examinations they want to pass require them to pass English. Examinations for entering further education, studying abroad and even graduating from college require scores in English examinations. English has become the most popular course in tutorial classes and even in the self-study classroom.
When nearly all students’ attention is focused on English, looking at the situation of our mother language, even Chinese linguists get confused about its use. Not only have many new words and phrases which are very popular on the Internet started to fill in every corner of the society, but common use of Chinese is full of mistakes and misunderstandings.
Under such urgent situation for the Chinese language, it’s time for every Chinese person to start protecting our mother tongue.
Chinese has the most speakers of any world language and also is one of the oldest in history. Around the world, many countries have started learning Chinese and Chinese has become one of the most important foreign languages in some foreign countries. Besides, there are 282 Confucius institutions in 88 countries and regions in the world that are teaching Chinese. The number of people learning Chinese is about 50 million outside China.
For those foreigners that are so crazy about Chinese language, what kind of attitude should the Chinese have? Honestly speaking, learning English itself shouldn’t be criticized, and we need to learn English to communicate with the world to show our culture and society.
However, it doesn’t make any sense that the importance of Chinese is replaced by a foreign language in a native’s mind. It’s really time to protect our Chinese language! Are you ready?
19. Which of the following best describes the main idea of the passage?
A. Language study is a problem of the world.
B. It’s time to protect Chinese language.
C. Chinese is becoming more important than English.
D. It’s unnecessary for Chinese people to learn English.
20. Some Chinese linguists get confused about the use of Chinese because ________.
A. more and more new words are used
B. great changes have taken place in Chinese
C. they could not understand network vocabulary
D. there are too many mistakes and misunderstandings
21. The writer describes the situation of English in China so as to________.
A. explain how popular English is
B. prove the importance of English
C. remind us to concern the situation of Chinese
D. encourage us to use Chinese rather than English
22. According to the passage, we should learn English to ________.
A. introduce our culture and society to the world
B. build more Confucius institutions abroad
C. study abroad to get further education
D. get promoted in your favorite jobs
【答案】19. B 20. D 21. C 22. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今，世界上许多国家的人开始学习汉语。但是，随着网络等科技的发展和英语的普及，人们使用汉语时语病逐渐增多，这使汉语言学家感到焦虑。
【19题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“It’s really time to protect our Chinese language!(是时候保护我们的中文了！)”及全文可知，文章循序渐进地阐述了汉语目前面临的困境，所以是时候保护中文了。故选B。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Not only have many new words and phrases which are very popular on the Internet started to fill in every corner of the society, but common use of Chinese is full of mistakes and misunderstandings. (不仅许多在互联网上非常流行的新词和短语开始充斥社会的每一个角落，而且常见的中文用法充满了错误和误解。)”可知，现在人们在使用汉语时出现很多错误和误解，这使汉语言学家感到困惑。故选D。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Under such urgent situation for the Chinese language, it’s time for every Chinese person to start protecting our mother tongue. (在如此紧急的情况下对于汉语来说，是每个中国人开始保护母语的时候了。)”结合第四、五段大意，可推断本文主要提出了应该保护汉语这一观点，提及国内英语学习情况就是为了提醒我们在学习外语的同时，也不要忽视了本国语言。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段段“Honestly speaking, learning English itself shouldn’t be criticized, and we need to learn English to communicate with the world to show our culture and society.” (老实说，学习英语本身不应该受到批评，我们需要学习英语来与世界交流，以展示我们的文化和社会。)”可知，作者认为我们应该学习英语，从而向世界介绍我们的文化和社会。故选A。
C
A recent study by a group of researchers found that there is a link between happiness and a term that the researchers coined called “relational diversity.”
Using public data from sources like the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the World Health Organization, the researchers were able to analyze data sets and survey responses from people who had shared their daily habits, schedules and interactions. They noticed a clear relationship between relational diversity and overall levels of satisfaction.
Hanne Collins, a Harvard Business School doctoral student who co-authored the study, says that relational diversity is composed of two elements: richness and evenness.
Richness measures relationship categories or how many kinds of people you interact with in a day. That could be your romantic partner, a family member, a neighbor or a stranger. “The more relationship categories they talk to in a day and the more even their conversations are across those categories, the happier they are. And we find this in a large sample across many countries,” Collins said.
Evenness relates to the distribution of conversations among those different relationship categories. Some people may find themselves interacting with colleagues at work more than, say, their family members. “If you have a few conversations with colleagues, a few with friends, a few with a romantic partner or a couple chats with strangers, thats going to be more even across these categories,” Collins explained.
Ultimately, Collins says, the study gives insight to the idea that humans are social creatures at heart. Having a support system is important, but it goes beyond your inner circle. “Its about this mix. Its about connecting with people who are close to you, who are maybe less close to you, who connect you with other people, who provide different kinds of support,” she said. “Essentially, the idea is that the more diverse your social portfolio (社交档案), the happier you are and the higher your well-being.”
Next time you consider striking up a conversation with a stranger in line at the grocery store or while waiting at the coffee shop, keep in mind that it might be beneficial to your well-being.
23. How does the author explain the term “relational diversity”?
A. By listing statistics. B. By making comparison.
C. By giving definitions and examples. D. By describing the process.
24. Who is the happiest according to the study?
A. A person who interacts most with his family members.
B. A person who communicates frequently with his friends.
C. A person who seldom strikes up conversations with strangers.
D. A person who has ever conversations with many different people.
25. Which of the statements about the study is true?
A. Researchers came up with a new concept.
B. It shows that a support system is not necessary.
C. Researchers collected data by conducting experiments.
D. It was led by a doctoral student from Harvard Business School.
26. What is the writers attitude towards the result of the study?
A. Neutral. B. Skeptical.
C. Opposed. D. Approving.
【答案】23. C 24. D 25. A 26. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。研究人员分析了美国劳工统计局和世界卫生组织等来源的公开数据，并调查了被调查者所分享的日常习惯、日程安排和互动，发现幸福和社会关系多样性之间存在联系，所以作者鼓励大家要多和陌生人交流。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Hanne Collins, a Harvard Business School doctoral student who co-authored the study, says that relational diversity is composed of two elements: richness and evenness. (该研究的合著者、哈佛商学院的博士生汉娜·柯林斯说，人际关系的多样性由两个因素组成：丰富性和均匀性)”，第四段“Richness measures relationship categories, or how many kinds of people you interact with in a day. That could be your romantic partner, a family member, a neighbor or a stranger. (丰富度衡量的是关系类别，也就是你每天与多少种人打交道。可能是你的恋人、家庭成员、邻居或陌生人)”，第五段“Evenness relates to the distribution of conversations among those different relationship categories. Some people may find themselves interacting with colleagues at work more than, say, their family members. “If you have a few conversations with colleagues, a few with friends, a few with a romantic partner or a couple chats with strangers, thats going to be more even across these categories,” Collins explained.(均匀性与这些不同关系类别之间的对话的分布有关。有些人可能会发现自己在工作中与同事的交流比与家人的交流更多。“如果你和同事聊几句，和朋友聊几句，和恋人聊几句，或者和陌生人聊几句，这些类别的情况会更平均，”柯林斯解释说)”可推知，作者对“人际关系的多样性”作了定义，并举例说明其丰富性和均匀性。故选C项。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Richness measures relationship categories, or how many kinds of people you interact with in a day. That could be your romantic partner, a family member, a neighbor or a stranger. “The more relationship categories they talk to in a day and the more even their conversations are across those categories, the happier they are. And we find this in a large sample across many countries,” Collins said.(丰富度衡量的是关系类别，也就是你每天与多少种人打交道。可能是你的恋人、家庭成员、邻居或陌生人。“他们一天中谈论的关系类别越多，而且谈话跨越这些类别的次数越多，他们就越快乐。我们在许多国家的大样本中发现了这一点，”柯林斯说)”可推知，研究表明，一个与许多不同的人交谈过的人是最幸福的。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A recent study by a group of researchers found that there is a link between happiness and a term that the researchers coined called “relational diversity.” (一组研究人员最近的一项研究发现，幸福和一个研究人员创造的术语“关系多样性”之间存在联系)”可知，这个研究组在研究中，创造了新词 relational diversity；第六段的第一句“Ultimately, Collins says, the study gives insight to the idea that humans are social creatures at heart. (最终，柯林斯说，这项研究让人们深刻认识到，人类本质上是社会生物)”以及最后一句“Essentially, the idea is that the more diverse your social portfolio (社交档案), the happier you are and the higher your well-being. (从本质上讲，这个观点是你的社交档案越多样化，你就越快乐，你的幸福感就越高)”可知，研究人员提出了一个新的概念：幸福和社会关系多样性之间存在联系。故选A项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Next time you consider striking up a conversation with a stranger in line at the grocery store or while waiting at the coffee shop, keep in mind that it might be beneficial to your well-being. (下次当你想在杂货店排队或在咖啡店等的时候和陌生人搭讪时，请记住这可能对你的幸福有益)”可知，作者认同这项研究结果，鼓励大家多和陌生人交谈，增加幸福感。故选D项。
D
Recordings (录音) of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says. Beehives (蜂窝) either recorded or real may even prevent elephants from damaging farmer’s crops.
Years ago, scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them. Today, Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might stop elephants from eating crops. But before she asked farmers to set up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would frighten elephants away.
Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder. Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life. Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down. Next, Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a tree close to each family.
From a distance, Lucy turned on the pre-recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera. Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds. Out of a total of 17 groups, only one group didn’t react to the sound of the angry bees. Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them. When Lucy played the sound of a waterfall (瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families, the animals were undisturbed. Even after four minutes, most of the groups stayed in one place.
Lucy is now studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times. She hasn’t tested enough groups yet to know and she has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.
27. Why did Lucy throw a stone into a wild beehive?
A. To record the sound of angry bees. B. To make a video of elephants.
C. To see if elephants would run away. D. To find out more about the behavior of bees.
28. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Groups of elephants will make bees angry.
B. Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place.
C. Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them.
D. Young elephants ignore African honeybees.
29. According to the passage, Lucy ________.
A. works by herself in Africa
B. needs to test more elephant groups
C. has stopped elephants eating crops
D. has got farmers to set up beehives on their farms
30. What can be the title of the passage?
A. Bees are the King of the Forest B. How to Keep Elephants Away
C. Don’t Get Close to Angry Bees D. Angry Bees Frighten Big Elephants Away
【答案】27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，愤怒的蜜蜂的录音足以让高大强壮的非洲象逃跑。本文对这项研究结果进行了论证。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But before she asked farmers to set up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would frighten elephants away.(但在她要求农民在他们的农场上建立蜂箱之前，她需要弄清楚这些蜜蜂是否会把大象吓跑)”以及第三段中的“Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder. Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life.(露西在肯尼亚北部的一棵树里发现了一个野生蜂巢，并安装了一台录音机。然后她向蜂箱扔了一块石头，蜂箱突然活了起来)”可推知，露西往一个野蜂箱里扔了块石头来记录蜜蜂愤怒的声音。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Years ago, scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them.(多年前，科学家露西·金和她的团队发现，大象会避开某些有蜜蜂居住的树木)”可知，大象不会靠近有蜜蜂居住的树木。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She hasn’t tested enough groups yet to know and she has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.(她还没有对足够多的群体进行测试，现在她已经开始在田野里放置扬声器，看看大象是否会被吓跑)”可推知，露西需要测试更多的象群。故选B。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Recordings (录音) of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says.(一项新的研究表明，愤怒的蜜蜂的录音足以让高大强壮的非洲象逃跑)”可知，文章主要讲述的是愤怒的蜜蜂会把大象吓跑。由此可知，D. Angry Bees Frighten Big Elephants Away适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
第二节 七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Since I’ve been living abroad, many different people have asked me to name typical British dishes. I have, however, struggled to think of an answer. Yes, we do have our own national dishes. ____31____
Fish and chips, as you could guess, is made up of battered fish and chips. It is often accompanied by mushy peas (豌豆糊), which consists of peas mashed up to form a thick paste. The majority of British people really do love this dish but it is not something that we would eat, say, on a weekly basis. ____32____ British people associate this dish with the seaside and it’s something that will usually be eaten on a day trip there.
____33____ This is made up of roast meat, usually chicken or beef, accompanied by roast vegetables and a meat sauce. It is usually eaten on a Sunday, perhaps for a special family dinner.
Although we do have our traditional dishes, we do not eat these on a daily basis. On a daily basis many British people will eat rice or pasta dished. ____34____ You can see this by looking at the range of international foods in the supermarket or at the variety of different restaurants you can find on our high streets.
____35____ However, perhaps unlike other countries, we tend to prefer to cook recipes influenced by other cuisine.
A. We eat them as the seasons change.
B. But how much do we actually eat them?
C. In conclusion, we do have our national dishes.
D. Another favourite British dish is the roast dinner.
E. Our diet has been greatly influenced by other countries.
F. It’s also not usually something that you would cook at home.
G. You’ll be served a traditional dish if you get invited for dinner at a British family’s home.
【答案】31. B 32. F 33. D 34. E 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章中作者介绍了几道典型的英国菜，虽典型但不常吃。
【31题详解】
由空前“Yes, we do have our own national dishes. (是的，我们有自己的民族菜)”和第二段中“The majority of British people really do love this dish but it is not something that we would eat, say, on a weekly basis. (大多数英国人确实喜欢这道菜，但这不是我们每周都会吃的东西)”，第三段中“It is usually eaten on a Sunday, perhaps for a special family dinner. (它通常在星期天吃，也许是为了一顿特别的家庭晚餐)”及第四段中“Although we do have our traditional dishes, we do not eat these on a daily basis. (虽然我们有自己的传统菜肴，但我们不是每天都吃)”，可知，作者国家有自己的民族菜，但不是经常吃它们，承接上下文，B选项“但是我们到底吃了多少呢？”承接下文讲“不经常吃这些民族菜”。故选B项。
【32题详解】
由空前“The majority of British people really do love this dish but it is not something that we would eat, say, on a weekly basis. (大多数英国人确实喜欢这道菜，但这不是我们每周都会吃的东西)”可知，大多数英国人确实喜欢炸鱼薯条这道菜，但不经常吃，说明通常也不在家里做，承接上文，F选项“通常你也不会在家里做它。”切题。故选F项。
【33题详解】
由空后“This is made up of roast meat, usually chicken or beef, accompanied by roast vegetables and a meat sauce. It is usually eaten on a Sunday, perhaps for a special family dinner. (这是由烤肉，通常是鸡肉或牛肉，伴随着烤蔬菜和肉酱。它通常在星期天吃，也许是为了一顿特别的家庭晚餐)”可知，下文讲了另一道典型的晚餐英国菜，与烧烤菜类有关，承接下文，D选项“另一道最受欢迎的英国菜是烤肉晚餐。”切题。故选D项。
【34题详解】
由空前“Although we do have our traditional dishes, we do not eat these on a daily basis. On a daily basis many British people will eat rice or pasta dished. (虽然我们有自己的传统菜肴，但我们不是每天都吃。很多英国人每天都会吃米饭或意大利面)”和空后“You can see this by looking at the range of international foods in the supermarket or at the variety of different restaurants you can find on our high streets. (你可以通过超市里的一系列国际食品或在我们的大街上可以找到的各种不同的餐馆来看到这一点)”可知，英国人也吃米饭或意大利面，超市里也有国际食品，说明英国的饮食也受到其它国家的影响，承接上下文，E选项“我们的饮食深受其他国家的影响。”切题。故选E项。
【35题详解】
本空结尾句，起总结作用。由第一段中“Yes, we do have our own national dishes. (是的，我们有自己的民族菜)”和后文介绍了几道典型英国菜可知，作者是为了向读者介绍典型的英国菜，承接上文，C选项“总之，我们有我们的民族菜。”呼应上文，强调主题。故选C项。
第四部分 语言运用（共两小节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
The public library is one of the greatest inventions humankind has ever imagined and actually made happen. Libraries are a (an)___36___ , quiet place where all people can hang out and read, without having to ___37___ anyone anything. Apart from being a place that is full of ___38___ to borrow, libraries are something that offers ___39___ and warmth. A post on Twitter celebrating the wonderfulness of libraries ____40____ this point perfectly.
“Today a woman with developmental disabilities came into the library, and she was ____41____,” wrote a Twitter user. “She didn’t ___42___ her address, but her phone number was in her pocket on a piece of paper with Elmo on it. She kept saying, ‘The library is a safe place.’We called and her guardians (监护人) came right over. It seemed that they were not worried at all. Apparently this happens pretty ___43___. They even stayed long enough for her to ___44___ some new books and Sesame Street DVDs. The library is a safe place indeed.”
The post ___45___ others to share their own stories of libraries being safe places for them, and it’s enough to ___46___ even the hardest of hearts. For people who grew up in dysfunctional (功能失调的) homes, the library can be a safe heaven of calm and kindness. For people lacking financial means, the library is a space that provides free education and free entertainment, as well as a free indoor place to go. This is the reason why ___47___ people grouped to libraries when they have nowhere else on earth---the only place that doesn’t ___48___ money. We cannot understate Literal lifesavers. Libraries also fill up a lot of gaps in other social ___49___ and help people find their way to information about other opportunities. They open the doors to so many ____50____.
36. A. calm B. noisy C. nervous D. amusing
37. A. ask B. pay C. afford D. beg
38. A. supplies B. stationery C. books D. cafeterias
39. A. support B. assistance C. shelter D. safety
40. A. declared B. explained C. tackled D. discovered
41. A. trapped B. lost C. anxious D. delighted
42. A. know B. search C. conceive D. cover
43. A. exactly B. accurately C. regularly D. fluently
44. A. work out B. come out C. bring out D. check out
45. A. spread B. inspired C. impressed D. contacted
46. A. bother B. surprise C. fund D. warm
47. A. heartbroken B. homeless C. hopeless D. elderly
48. A. require B. quit C. recommend D. spend
49. A. research B. communities C. services D. designs
50. A. memories B. problems C. advertisements D. possibilities
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. B 41. B 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. B 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是公共图书馆的好处。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：图书馆是一个平静、安静的地方，所有人都可以在那里闲逛、阅读，而不需要付钱。A. calm平静的；B. noisy吵闹的；C. nervous紧张的；D. amusing逗人发笑的。根据下文“quiet place”及常识可知，图书馆是一个平静、安静的地方。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：图书馆是一个平静的、安静的地方，所有人都可以在那里闲逛、阅读，而不需要付钱。A. ask问；B. pay付钱；C. afford负担得起；D. beg乞求。根据上文“where all people can hang out and read, without”和常识可知，在公共图书馆是不需要给任何人付钱的。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：图书馆除了是一个有很多书可以借阅的地方，还是一个提供安全和温暖的地方。A. supplies物资；B. stationery文具；C. books书；D. cafeterias自助餐厅。根据下文“to borrow”可知，图书馆是可以借书的地方。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：图书馆除了是一个有很多书可以借阅的地方，还是一个提供安全和温暖的地方。A. support支持；B. assistance帮助；C. shelter庇护处；D. safety安全。根据下文“The library is a safe place”可知，图书馆是一个提供安全的地方。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Twitter上的一篇赞美图书馆的奇妙之处的帖子完美地解释了这一点。A. declared声明；B. explained解释；C. tackled应付，解决；D. discovered发现。根据上文“A post on Twitter celebrating the wonderfulness of libraries”和下文“this point perfectly”可知，Twitter上的一篇赞美图书馆的奇妙之处的帖子完美地解释了这一点。故选B。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一位推特用户写道：“今天，一位有发育障碍的女性走进图书馆，她迷路了。”A. trapped受困的；B. lost迷路的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. delighted高兴的。根据下文“We called and her guardians (监护人) came right over”可知，一位有发育障碍的女性迷路了。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不知道她的地址，但她的电话号码在她口袋里的一张纸上，上面有埃尔莫的名字。A. know知道；B. search搜索；C. conceive构思，设想；D. cover覆盖。根据下文“We called and her guardians (监护人) came right over”可知，那位女性不知道自己的地址。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然这种情况经常发生。A. exactly确切地；B. accurately准确地；C. regularly经常地；D. fluently流利地。根据上文“It seemed that they were not worried at all”可知，显然这种情况经常发生。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们甚至停留了足够长的时间，让她看了一些新书和Sesame Street的DVD。A. work out解决；B. come out出版；C. bring out使显示；D. check out看一看。根据上文“stayed long enough”和下文“some new books and Sesame Street DVDs”可知，他们甚至停留了足够长的时间，让她看了一些新书和Sesame Street的DVD。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这篇文章激励了其他人分享他们自己的故事，图书馆对他们来说是一个安全的地方，这足以温暖即使是最冷酷的心。A. spread传播；B. inspired激励；C. impressed使印象深刻；D. contacted联系。根据下文“to share their own stories of libraries being safe places for them”可知，这篇文章激励了其他人分享他们自己的故事。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这篇文章激励了其他人分享他们自己的故事，图书馆对他们来说是一个安全的地方，这足以温暖即使是最冷酷的心。A. bother打扰；B. surprise使惊讶；C. fund资助；D. warm使温暖。根据上文“offers ___4___ and warmth”和下文“even the hardest of hearts”可知，图书馆对他们来说是一个安全的地方，这足以温暖即使是最冷酷的心。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意这就是为什么无家可归的人在地球上无处可去的时候会聚集在图书馆的原因——唯一不需要钱的地方。A. heartbroken伤心的；B. homeless无家可归的；C. hopeless绝望的；D. elderly上了年纪的。根据下文“they have nowhere else on earth”可知，此处是说“这就是为什么无家可归的人聚集在图书馆的原因”。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么无家可归的人在地球上无处可去的时候会聚集在图书馆的原因——唯一不需要钱的地方。A. require需要；B. quit退出；C. recommend推荐；D. spend花费。根据第一段的“without having to ___2___ anyone anything”和上文“a free indoor place”可知，图书馆是唯一不需要钱的地方。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：图书馆还填补了其他社会服务的许多空白，帮助人们找到有关其他机会的信息。A. research研究；B. communities社区；C. services服务；D. designs设计。根据下文“help people find their way to information about other opportunities”可知，图书馆还填补了其他社会服务的许多空白，帮助人们找到有关其他机会的信息。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们打开了许多可能性的大门。A. memories回忆；B. problems问题；C. advertisements广告；D. possibilities可能性。根据上文“help people find their way to information about other opportunities”可知，它们打开了许多可能性的大门。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷 主观题部分
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(不超过3个单词)。
China’s agriculture produces enough food supply to feed the country with a large population. With only 7 percent of ____51____ world’s land, China has to feed one ____52____(five) of the world’s population. Therefore, China’s agriculture ___53___(be) always an important topic and draws wide attention of the world. Some foreigners once raised the question, “Who will feed China?” China’s leaders and agriculture specialists’ answer was, “We Chinese will feed ____54____(we).”
China is a____55____(develop) country and China’s agriculture has developed rapidly since reforms (改革) in the countryside began to be carried out in 1978. The main reform was the household responsibility system. It was believed ___56___ the system made farmers have the right to use land and deal ____57____ their output. Our country allowed farmers to develop different business and set up township companies in order that their enthusiasm for production could____58____(fire). The reform developed the county’s productive forces, and improved the rapid growth of agriculture—____59____(particular) in grain production—and the optimization (最优化) of agricultural structure. The _____60_____(achieve) have been outstanding so far.
【答案】51. the
52. fifth 53. is
54. ourselves
55. developing
56. that 57. with
58. be fired
59. particularly
60. achievements
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。中国只占世界领土7%，喂养的人口数占世界人口数的五分之一。自从1978年实行家庭联产承包责任制，中国农业发展迅速，至今仍成效显著。
【51题详解】
考查冠词。句意：中国只有世界7%的土地，却要养活世界五分之一的人口。特指世界上的土地，所以用定冠词。故填the。
【52题详解】
考查分数。句意：中国只有世界7%的土地，却要养活世界五分之一的人口。分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母用复数。故填fifth。
【53题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：因此，中国的农业一直是一个重要的话题，引起了世界的广泛关注。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语agriculture为不可数名词，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
【54题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：中国领导人和农业专家的回答是：“我们中国人会养活自己。”指主语本身，所以填反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。
【55题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国是一个发展中国家，自1978年农村改革以来，中国农业发展迅速。表示“发展中的”，所以用形容词developing定语。故填developing。
【56题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：人们认为，这种制度使农民有权利使用土地和处理他们的产出。It’s believed that…人们相信……，it作形式主语，从句为完整句子，所以用that引导。故填that。
【57题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：人们认为，这种制度使农民有权利使用土地和处理他们的产出。deal with处理。故填with。
【58题详解】
考查语态。句意：我们国家允许农民发展各种各样的业务，成立乡镇公司，以激发他们的生产热情。句子主语enthusiasm和fire之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，前面有could，所以用动词原形。故填be fired。
【59题详解】
考查副词。句意：改革发展了县域生产力，促进了农业特别是粮食生产的快速发展和农业结构的优化。修饰介词短语，所以用副词。故填particularly。
【60题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：到目前为止，成绩是突出的。做主语，谓语为have been，所以用复数名词。故填achievements。
第五部分 写作（满分25分）
61. 假设你是中学生李华，上周星期三由于个人原因未能参加学校外教Claire 的英语口语课考试，请你用英语写一篇道歉信，主要内容包括：
(1) 表示歉意并说明原因；
(2) 希望获得原谅和补考的机会。
注意：(1) 词数100左右；(2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：补考（make-up test）
Dear Claire,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Claire,
I feel terribly sorry that I missed the English oral test last Wednesday. Now I am writing this letter with the intention of expressing my deepest regret and sincere apology. Hopefully, you will understand and excuse me.
The reason for my absence from the test was that I was occupied in hosting the International Cultural Festival held in our school. Unexpectedly, it was not until 4 o’clock p.m. that the closing of the festival came to an end, when the test had already begun. Given that I was responsible for organizing the whole ceremony, the situation would have been a mess if I had left halfway through it. I had intended to inform you in advance, but my phone’s battery was flat, which made the matter worse.
I can assure you that such incidents will not happen again and would be extremely grateful if you could accept my apology and give me a chance to take a make-up test.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Claire写一封道歉信，对上周星期三由于个人原因未能参加英语口语课考试表示歉意并表明原因，同时希望获得原谅和补考的机会。
【详解】1.词汇积累
诚挚的：sincere→genuine
目的：intention →purpose
忙于：be occupied in →be busy in
机会：chance →opportunity
2.句式拓展
介词短语作定语变为定语从句
原句：The reason for my absence from the test was that I was occupied in hosting the International Cultural Festival held in our school.
拓展句：The reason why I was absent from the test was that I was occupied in hosting the International Cultural Festival held in our school
【点睛】【高分句型1】Unexpectedly, it was not until 4 o’clock p.m. that the closing of the festival came to an end, when the test had already begun.（运用了强调句型和when引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I had intended to inform you in advance, but my phone’s battery was flat, which made the matter worse.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
听力1-5 ACACB 6-10 BCCBA 11-15 ABCAB 16-20 CBBCA