专题13 完形填空 ——【冲刺2023】高考英语考试易错题（原卷版+解析版）

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专题专题13 完形填空——备战2023年高考英语考试易错题
【导入】


技巧1 语篇：建立语篇全局思维
语篇层次题的解题需要掌握语篇结构，抓住全文的脉络、作者的心理、思想、意图或价值取向，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。对此类题目，一定要坚持这样一个原则——不急于解答，读完全文后综合思维再做判定。

1. (2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)My life as a tax­paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy's father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41.made little bunny(兔子) cakes for all its 42.stores throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for __43__ help during our spring break, for which I had no 44.plans beyond listening to my favorite records.
43．A．generous　　　　　　　 B．financial
C．technical D．temporary
【解析】本题是典型的语篇层次题，只看题目所在的句子我们是无法确定答案的，此类题目需要综合全篇来找线索。根据上文中的for three whole days和下文中的during our spring break可知，这里说的是春假期间，市中心的工厂需要临时找八个孩子来帮忙。generous意为“慷慨的、大方的”，financial意为“财务的、金融的”，technical意为“技术的、专业的”，temporary意为“临时的、暂时的”。
【答案】D

技巧2 词汇：区分形近(义近)词
完形填空题选项中经常会出现一些形近词或义近词让考生辨析，因为词形相近或意义相近，无形中增加了难度，如果考生对这些词掌握得不好或不着眼于语篇的意义便很容易选错。

(2021·全国卷甲)“I have 55.matured and I admit responsibility for my 56.actions，” he said in the letter. “I come to you, __57__， to apologize for the damage I had 58.indirectly caused and to ask you to 59.reconsider my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
57．A．hands in pockets B．nose in the air
C．hat in hand D．feet on the ground.
【解析】[解析]　四个备选选项在形式上非常相似，都是名词＋介词＋名词的词组，部分考生很容易因混淆而失分。本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据空后“...apologize for the damage”可推测作者的态度是谦卑的。hands in pockets意为“双手插兜”，nose in the air意为“目中无人”，hat in hand意为“恭敬地(乞求或请求)”，feet on the ground意为“脚踏实地”。考生如果完全掌握了这四个词组，很容易选出正确选项。
【答案】C


在完形填空题的设题上，命题者往往还将一些考生平常容易忽视的词汇设置成选项，从而造成因理解障碍而错选。在备考中，要深度学习词语，扩大词汇量，结合各种主题语境，积累词汇及词块，以期做题时顺利提取已知信息。


(2021·天津卷3月)“It's a really great 33.experience for kids，” said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper.“Pruitt is certainly providing a 34.service,_but it's not just the bikes.It's the relationships in the community. It's the __35__ he can make on people.”
35．A．compromise B．impression
C．impact D．progress
[解析]　
【解析】根据全文内容可知，此处表示普鲁伊特的行为对人们产生的“影响”。本题的选择难度在于A选项“compromise(妥协、和解)”对于同学们而言是一个相对陌生的词汇，一些考生可能因为词汇积累不够，又不能有效地利用上下文中的提示而失分。
【答案】A

技巧3词汇：关注一词多义或熟词生义
在最近几年的高考完形填空中，一词多义、熟词生义、旧词新义的考查屡见不鲜，这往往也是考生容易失分的地方。很多考生由于不懂这些熟词的“新义”而出现思维堵塞，造成了不应有的失分。下面我们选取具有代表性的试题加以分析，以帮助考生熟悉其命题特点，从而跳出命题人设置的词汇“陷阱”。


1 . (2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Our __48__ in the factory were simple：Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49.Remove bunny from the belt.
48．A．joys B．ideas
C．roles D．choices
【解析】根据下文中的“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears...from the belt”可知，这里介绍的是作者他们在工厂的具体工作或职责。role除了表示“角色”外，还可以表示“职责、作用”。
【答案】C


1. 1.He looked surprised, but got right to work, trying to find the _________ tire. 
A. spare  B. free  C. full   D. empty 
【解析】spare熟义是“抽出时间”。在这篇文章中，spare意为“备用的”。
【答案】 A

2. Not too long ago, an incident that happened at Walt Disney touched me greatly. A guest told the front-desk clerk
she had had a wonderful vacation, but was heartbroken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not
yet _________.
A. developed  B. taken  C. washed   D. loaded 
【解析】develop熟义是“发展”。film在此意为“胶片”，故选A，develop意为“冲印”。
【答案】A

技巧4思维：陷入惯性思维而错选
在英语学习中，考生的母语、知识面、思维习惯等都有可能令考生出现一些思维定势现象； 另外，高考语篇中融合的文化知识也很丰富，如果不谨慎思考，没有全面权衡问题，并未能灵活运用生活常识，就会导致误解一些题目，从而抑制信息提取的速度和效率。完形填空解题中因惯性思维而失分常有以下两种情况：
(1)学习单词时受到思维定势影响
有些考生学习英语单词过于简单化，仅记其中文意思，而不深刻理解其实际用法和英汉用法之间的细微差异。例如：表示“成功做某事”时，不可以用succeed to do sth.来表达，而应该是succeed (in) doing sth.。
(2)学习词组或习惯用语时受到思维定势影响，而没有完整分析整句话或者按照意群斟酌
例如：学习了wait for这个短语以后，有的考生在做题过程中只要碰到wait，后面要接介词时就毫不犹豫地选择for。但在“He stopped his car to wait at the red light.”中就不用for。


1. (2021·天津卷3月)For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was __19__ his stolen bike.But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the 20.lack of bikes was COVID­19 related, and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed 21.transportation to get to work?
19．A．ride B．lock
C．repair D．replace
【解析】根据语境可知，普鲁伊特作为热衷骑自行车的人，自行车被偷，他首先要做的应该是换一辆自行车，replace符合语境。但考生受思维定势影响，可能看到下文的bike就下意识地以为选择ride a bike这个固定搭配，从而误选A项。
【答案】D


基础夯实
解题技巧
做完形填空题时必须遵循“整体－分解－整体”的“三位一体”的步骤,要充分体现先“完义”后“完形”的特点。注重整合,把握上下文相关信息的摄取、筛选与比较等方法。具体解题方法如下:
(1)通过主旨大意解题
在完形填空题中,理解主旨大意十分重要,正确把握主旨大意有助于考生对文章细节的正确理解,特别是长难句的分析和突破可以帮助考生提高解题的正确率。完形填空题的第一句往往
不设空,这句话一般是文章的主题句,考生在解题时要重视首句的内容。
(2)通过文化背景解题
完形填空的语篇信息常渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识。有些选项的设置与文化背景相关,这就要求考生有较宽的知识面,同时要具备一定的文化意识,特别是要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力,只有这样才能既快速又准确地解题。
(3)通过瞻前信息解题
该解法要求考生重点联系空前的信息。文章内容展开之后,这时前文已经含有丰富的语境信息,它们可能和后面的设空处有逻辑或语境方面的联系,这样空前的信息就成为解题的依据。解
题时一定要善于捕捉这些重要的信息。
(4)通过顾后信息解题
完形填空在命题的过程中,上下文情节的发展都会有一定的联系,这些联系是解题的重要根据,考生需要依据空格后的相关信息选出答案。
(5)通过复现词解题
这类题多为同义词、近义词和反义词的复现或同义词、近义词和反义词的异形的复现。这类试题主要是考查考生的整体篇章意识和对上下文的推断能力。
(6)通过逻辑关系解题
逻辑连接词在文中起着衔接与连贯的重要作用,可以表达文中的因果、转折等逻辑关系。这种题型是高考中的难点,因为它需要考生有较强的逻辑判断能力以及对文章的整体把握能力。
(7)通过固定搭配解题
在英语学习中,掌握词组和短语的用法十分重要。高考完形填空的命题中,通常会涉及固定短语的搭配,如动词短语、介词短语等,考生需要运用所学词汇知识,结合综合语言能力对相关试题进行突破。
(8)通过生活常识解题
完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文,这些文章贴近考生的生活,这样就会涉及对生活常识的考查,所以在解题时,考生需要根据生活常识选出答案。
(9)通过语法分析解题
对语法基础知识的考查也是完形填空题的重要命题角度。对于这种题,要有针对性地对语法结构、句式特点、句子成分等进行分析,从而迅速解决问题。


模拟演练
一、
    What would happen if a human brain was connected to a powerful computer? That is what Kevin Warwick, a professor at the University of Reading, U. K.,     1     to find out. "I want to have a go at exploring what it means to     2    ," he says.
    Soon he will have an     3     A glass tube will be placed around a group of nerves in his arm. Inside the tube there will be tiny computer circuits. These will     4     messages being sent to the brain and send them to a computer.
    "Pain provides a clear electronic signal on the nervous system as it moves from its     5     of origin to the brain. We want to find out what happens if that signal is sent to the computer and then played back again. Will I feel the     6     pain?" says Kevin Warwick.
    It is not just about     7    . The human nervous system sends a wide variety of other messages to the brain, which could have many different     8    . The computer could provide the eyes for a blind person. Anxious or depressed people are often given drugs to make them feel     9    . But what if they could download feelings of happiness directly into their minds? Imagine you are thousands of miles away from your loved ones. You love them and     10     to be back with them. Then you store these     11     on a computer and send them to your family as an e-mail.
    Professor Warwick believes that the success of his new experiment could benefit human beings in many ways. A human will be one     12     to use the memory and mathematical power of the computer. He or she will be able to communicate thoughts and feelings     13     across the planet using the Internet. Human have used their intelligence to create increasingly intelligent     14    . Has the time now come for the two to     15     together?
1.A.manages     B.helps     C.intends     D.tends
2.A.advances     B.humans     C.rights     D.competitions
3.A.operation     B.adjustment     C.assessment     D.examination
4.A.give off     B.turn into     C.make up     D.pick up
5.A.level     B.space     C.moment     D.point
6.A.awful     B.usual     C.same     D.slight
7.A.signals     B.pain     C.brain     D.messages
8.A.explanations    B.applications     C.systems     D.problems
9.A.better     B.stronger     C.wiser     D.worse
10.A.prefer     B.agree     C.long    D.refuse
11.A.feelings     B.greetings     C.requests     D.memories
12.A.able     B.willing     C.born     D.afraid
13.A.indirectly     B.separately     C.directly     D.purposelessly
14.A.worlds     B.machines     C.websites     D.bodies
15.A.learn     B.meet     C.develop    D.join
二、
    I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to El Capitain, a    1    rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew    2    I wanted to climb it. That has been my life's passion(热爱) ever since—    3    the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I've long made Yosemite my    4    .
    About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of    5    , like beer cans, empty boxes, around the area. It's beyond me why visitors started respecting the place    6    and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way.
    I tried    7    trash(垃圾) myself, but the job was too big. I would    8    an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so tired of it that I decided something had to change.
    In 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a    9    . On that day, more than 300 people    10    . Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to    11    . I couldn't believe the    12    we made—the park looked clean!
    Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash.
    I often hear people    13    about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by    14    rather than complaining. We need to teach by    15    .
1.A. distant B. huge C. narrow D. loose
2.A. immediately B. finally C. gradually D. recently
3.A. imagining B. painting C. describing D. climbing
4.A. garden B. home C. lab D. palace
5.A. material B. resources C. waste D. goods
6.A. more B. most C. less D. least
7.A. throwing away B. picking up C. breaking down D. digging out
8.A. kill B. save C. wait D. spend
9.A. cleanup B. party C. picnic D. concert
10.A. dropped out B. showed up C. looked around D. called back
11.A. demand B. receive C. achieve D. overcome
12.A. plan B. visit C. contact D. difference
13.A. talk B. complain C. argue D. quarrel
14.A. doing B. thinking C. questioning D. watching
15.A. method B. explanation C. example D. research
三、
    It has been five years. No one's quite sure how Sasha, the 6-year-old black cat,     1     it from Portland to New Mexico after five years. But apparently it isn't uncommon for cats—who are known for their     2     character—to go hitchhiking (搭便车).
    "It's like he never left. He's so     3    ," said its owner Usov. "I guess he was on a great American     4    . "
    When Sasha disappeared in 2014, Usov thought the cat might have     5     wolves. But not every cat that disappears     6     a bad end. "It's very common for a cat to     7     on a train or the back of a truck, but for a cat to travel 1,200 miles and then go back to its owner? That     8     happens.,"
    Sasha's fur was matted(乱成一团的) when he was found     9     the streets by workers of the Santa Fe Animal Shelter this month. They set out to find his owner. "Sasha didn't miss a meal," Kirdar, a worker at the shelter, said.
    The shelter reunites families with their     10     pets every day,     11     this is the first time Kirdar has done an in-person delivery. Sasha's     12     would not have been possible had he not been microchipped(植入微芯片). The microchip is the best form of     13    ," said Kirdar. However, just getting your pet microchipped isn't enough. It's important to     14     the microchip's producer if there is a     15     in your contact information.
1.A.hated     B.made     C.received     D.learnt
2.A.complex     B.popular     C.independent     D.weak
3.A.happy     B.annoying     C.pitiful     D.helpful
4.A.adventure     B.farm     C.island     D.holiday
5.A.teamed with     B.fallen victim to     C.made friends with     D.fought against
6.A.brings     B.demands     C.meets     D.expects
7.A.bite    B.live     C.sleep     D.jump
8.A.actually     B.rarely     C.normally     D.hopefully
9.A.clearing     B.blocking     C.wandering     D.checking
10.A.thrilled     B.unlucky     C.missing     D.crazy
11.A.and     B.but     C.because     D.though
12.A.return     B.illness     C.disappearance     D.movement
13.A.technology     B.civilization     C.identification     D.explanation
14.A.download     B.record     C.copy     D.update
15.A.fact     B.number     C.name     D.change
四、
    Advertising is about creating images, and this is especially true when advertising food and drinks. What the     1     looks like is more important than what it tastes like. If companies hope to sell food successfully, the food must     2     appetizing.
    Television advertising of food often uses     3    . Apparently, food looks especially appetizing if it moves. Chocolate sauce looks much more     4     when you see it being poured over ice cream than it does just sitting in a jar.
        5     effects also help to sell food: sausages sizzling(咝咝响) in a frying pan are mouth-watering. A TV     6     for a brand of coffee had the sound of coffee percolating (过滤) in the background. The commercial was so     7     that it lasted five years.
    The     8     of food and its packaging is also very important. If the colour looks     9    , people won't eat it. Nobody would normally eat blue bread or drink blue beer. Other     10     food colours are purple, grey, and in some cases, white.
    How people expect something to taste often influences how it     11     does taste. Researchers gave some mineral water to two groups of people. They told one group that the water was mineral water, and almost all people said, "It tastes     12    ." Then the researchers told the other group that the water was tap water. This group said the water tasted a little funny. The word "tap" created a(n)     13     image of chlorine (氯).
    It is the same with     14    . A food manufacturer gave a group of people the same     15     in a glass jar and in a can and asked them to taste it. They all claimed that the product in the glass jar tasted better.
    So it seems to be true. Image is everything.
1.A.company     B.food     C.image     D.milk
2.A.look     B.taste     C.sound     D.smell
3.A.sound     B.sense     C.movement     D.imagination
4.A.beautiful     B.natural     C.clean     D.delicious
5.A.Action     B.Television     C.Music     D.Sound
6.A.advertisement     B.programme     C.show     D.speech
7.A.noisy     B.expensive     C.successful     D.long
8.A.price     B.name     C.brand     D.colour
9.A.right     B.great     C.interesting    D.wrong
10.A.unknown     B.unpopular     C.practical     D.famous
11.A.actually     B.especially     C.elegantly     D.seriously
12.A.strange     B.funny     C.good     D.salty
13.A.perfect     B.unusual     C.unpleasant     D.unbelievable
14.A.advertising     B.packaging     C.producing     D.tasting
15.A.product     B.water     C.meat     D.coffee
五、
   For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to others. "While we teach, we     1    ," said Roman philosopher Seneca. Now scientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date. They're     2     why teaching is such a fruitful way to learn.
    Researchers have found that students who teach others work harder to     3     the material, and apply it more     4    . Student teachers score higher on tests than pupils who're learning only for themselves. But how can children,     5     learning themselves, teach others? One answer: They can teach younger kids. Some studies have found that first-born children are more     6     than their later-born siblings (兄弟姐妹). This suggests their higher IQs result from the time they spend teaching their siblings.
    Now educators are experimenting with ways to     7     this model to schoolwork. They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science to high school students, who then     8     instruct middle school students on the topic. But the most cutting-edge tool is the "teachable agent"—a computerized character who learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks questions just like a real-world     9    . Computer scientists have created an  animated(动画的) figure called Betty's Brain, who has been "taught" about science by middle school students. Student teachers are motivated to help Betty     10     certain materials. While preparing to teach, they organize their knowledge and improve their understanding. And as they explain the information to it, they identify problems in their own     11    .
    Feedback from the teachable agent     12     improves the teachers' learning. The agents' questions drive student teachers to think and explain the materials in different     13     , and watching the agent solve problems allows the emotions one experiences into action.     14     , it's the emotions one experiences in teaching that help learning. Student teachers feel     15     when their teachable agents fail, but happy when these pupils succeed as they gain pride and satisfaction from someone else's achievement.
(1)A.learn     B.doubt     C.grow     D.practice
(2)A.valuing     B.proving     C.questioning     D.assuming
(3)A.prepare     B.preserve     C.exchange     D.understand
(4)A.officially     B.effectively     C.fluently     D.carefully
(5)A.still     B.even     C.though     D.once
(6)A.curious     B.energetic     C.independent     D.academic
(7)A.add     B.apply     C.offer     D.show
(8)A.as well     B.at once     C.in turn     D.of course
(9)A.teacher     B.parent     C.sibling     D.pupil
(10)A.arrange     B.mark     C.master     D.link
(11)A.thinking     B.reading     C.inspiration     D.guidance
(12)A.shortly     B.hardly     C.rather     D.further
(13)A.ways     B.cases     C.places     D.orders
(14)A.In all     B.After all     C.Above all     D.For all
(15)A.satisfied     B.sick     C.pleased     D.upset
六、
    Dressed in a pretty long robe (袍服), stylist Xiao Hang walks across the busy Beijing metro, attracting curious glances.
    China has been     1     by Western fashion in recent decades, but many young people like Xiao are looking to the     2     for their choices of clothing and wearing traditional hanfu. These historic costumes of the Han ethnic group are     3     a renaissance(复兴) in part because the government is promoting traditional culture to boost patriotism (爱国主义) and national     4    . Period dramas have also contributed to the     5     in interest in traditional Chinese clothing — The Story of Minglan, a TV series set in the Song Dynasty     6     more than 400 million viewers in three days.
    There is no     7     definition of what counts as hanfu since each dynasty has its own style, but the clothes are     8     by loose, flowing robes, with sleeves that hang down to the knees. "When we were little, we would drape(披) sheets and blankets to     9     we were wearing beautiful clothes," Xiao said.
    "Two-thirds of my wardrobe is hanfu," said Yang Jiaming, a high school student dressed in a Tang-style robe and black boots at a hanfu gathering. He wears hanfu under his uniform at school and his classmates and teachers have been     10     of his style.
    The support of the government for Chinese culture has given the hanfu community a(n)     11    . In April 2019, the Communist Youth League of China     12     a two-day conference on traditional Chinese clothing, including hanfu.
    Clothes are the "    13     of culture", said Jiang Xue, a member of Beijing-based hanfu club Mowutianxia, which has received     14     from the Communist Youth League of China. "If we do not even     15     our traditional clothes or don't wear them, how can we talk about other essential parts of our culture?" she said.
1.A.praised     B.welcomed     C.influenced     D.greeted
2.A.future     B.present     C.past     D.moment
3.A.suffering     B.experiencing     C.refusing     D.stopping
4.A.approval     B.acknowledgement     C.confirmation     D.identity
5.A.revolution     B.decline     C.increase     D.stability
6.A.inspired     B.attracted     C.encouraged     D.accepted
7.A.uniform     B.identical     C.casual     D.simple
8.A.specialized     B.characterized     C.impressed     D.decorated
9.A.show     B.prove     C.pretend     D.declare
10.A.afraid     B.scared     C.ashamed     D.supportive
11.A.start     B.end     C.boost     D.lift
12.A.promoted     B.addressed     C.attended     D.held
13.A.protection     B.signal     C.reproduction     D.symbol
14.A.criticism     B.funding     C.gifts     D.invitations
15.A.dislike     B.realize     C.understand     D.ignore
七、
    The sun was shining brightly over our heads and sweat (汗水) was pouring off our backs and faces. We stood still without    1    any noise, all hot and tired. But everyone kept standing as straight as trees.
    It was    2    most high schools give to new Senior One students—military training. We    3    four days in a closed environment. Although we couldn't go home at night and the training was    4    and difficult, our humorous young drill sergeant (教官) with a funny accent was a real    5    of our days. We laughed at his jokes, sat in rows singing different songs and    6    him telling true stories about his life. He gave us the feeling that    7    and sweat were not the only things that military training    8    .
    After this journey, we were more    9    than we had imagined and we were much braver than we had    10    . Girls who looked pale rested for a little while, then right away came back to the team. Boys who were being punished    11    to the playground at once and began to run. Sweat flowed down our faces when we thought about how to shout    12    than other classes.
Military training taught us perseverance (坚持不懈) and determination. On the last day of our training, the confidence could be    13    on our faces. We shouted so loud that our    14    could be heard across the heavens. With eyes like burning torches (火炬), we walked into the future. Now the sun is ​   15    at all of us.
1.A. crying B. making C. sending D. telling
2.A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything
3.A. wasted B. spent C. kept D. took
4.A. strict B. curious C. interesting D. normal
5.A. success B. pleasure C. worry D. wonder
6.A. referred to B. devoted to C. turned to D. listened to
7.A. sunlight B. wealth C. desire D. health
8.A. received B. helped C. offered D. happened
9.A. concerned B. determined C. interested D. surprised
10.A. expected B. expressed C. disliked D. rescued
11.A. escaped B. moved C. rode D. rushed
12.A. larger B. stronger C. louder D. lower
13.A. seen B. heard C. smelt D. touched
14.A. thoughts B. feelings C. opinions D. voices
15.A. travelling B. falling C. setting D. smiling
八、
    The best and most amazing thing about life is that no matter what happens or how hard it may get, or how useless you feel, stay     1    .
    All you need to     2     is to do good, even if it may be the smallest thing, like greeting someone with a smile. It can     3     someone's day, and you will have made the smallest     4     biggest difference to their life. It all starts with your small but sincere smile!
    I learned patience the hard     5    . I have been trying to rush through life, always     6     myself to my friends and family and wondering when my life would change. I was too busy trying to speed things up, but things just weren't     7    , so I finally gave up. However, when I continued to help people and do little things I could every day to make a difference, life     8     me back. Therefore, keep your     9     realistic, no matter how unjust people are towards you. I believe you will be successful,     10     everything has its own special time when everything goes well, and yours is definitely coming. You just need to     11     a little longer.
    I     12     met someone worth it all, so kind and sweet, always trying to surprise me in the most     13     ways. Now, every day is something bigger and better, and that     14     is amazing, and then you realize it's because of all the good things you keep doing in your life.
    Even if you have been doing bad things until now, you can change it all and make it all better. Believe me, it always gets better. It's not easy, but it will. I know, because I have been     15     with it and I finally feel better.
1.A.curious     B.patient     C.serious     D.generous
2.A.reflect on     B.set about     C.take up    D.focus on
3.A.speed up     B.go up     C.brighten up     D.turn up
4.A.yet     B.and     C.or     D.so
5.A.way     B.time     C.point     D.problem
6.A.adapting     B.adjusting     C.comparing     D.applying
7.A.speeding     B.changing     C.moving     D.succeeding
8.A.gives     B.pays     C.gets     D.brings
9.A.intentions     B.minds     C.hearts     D.feelings
10.A.if     B.when     C.until     D.because
11.A.work     B.wait     C.operate     D.stay
12.A.eventually     B.occasionally     C.abruptly     D.instantly
13.A.normal     B.unusual     C.common     D.unexpected
14.A.thought     B.view     C.feeling     D.idea
15.A.hunting     B.struggling     C.searching     D.exploring
九、
    Meals on Wheels delivery service is for those facing life-threatening illnesses like Borden did back in 2012. She had just finished a Master's program in    1    when she was diagnosed(诊断) with cancer called Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. Soon, her mother was diagnosed with cancer. Borden moved to Grand Rapids, Michigan to take care of herself while    2    her mother.
    "It's a    3    time in your life when you have great need for nutrition but you can't provide healthy    4    for yourself," Borden said. "Having a Master's in Nutrition, I knew how    5    nourishment was during my cancer treatment and recovery."
    She started Revive and Thrive while going through treatment,     6    out to local hospitals and kitchens to get the organization off the ground. Soon she was    7    meals for patients referred to her by social workers, nurses and doctors in the area.
    She    8    each patient to get a sense of what their nutrition needs are and how long they'll need help. Then, she gets to    9    .
    "Serving meals to patients is equally important as teaching them to cook healthy foods, to    10    job skills, life skills and the joy of being able to    11    others in their community," Borden says.
    She works with a head chef who    12    the nutrient-rich meals and makes sure each meal contains the essential vitamins and proteins that a person fighting a life-threatening illness    13    .
    "When you're    14    and dealing with cancer by yourself, it can cause you more depression. Knowing somebody cares about what you eat is    15    ," she said.
1.A.medicine     B.education     C.economics     D.nutrition
2.A.nursing     B.teaching     C.guiding     D.training
3.A.dangerous     B.hard     C.common     D.valuable
4.A.lifestyles     B.spirit     C.meals     D.sleep
5.A.rare     B.adequate     C.comfortable     D.important
6.A.going     B.calling     C.reaching     D.speaking
7.A.enjoying     B.preparing     C.checking     D.comparing
8.A.tells     B.cures     C.exams     D.meets
9.A.rest     B.work     C.school     D.bed
10.A.learn     B.show     C.require     D.test
11.A.judge     B.serve     C.gather     D.relax
12.A.eats     B.expects     C.creates     D.proves
13.A.needs     B.makes     C.shares     D.provides
14.A.alone     B.wise     C.old     D.free
15.A.interesting     B.amusing     C.amazing     D.inspiring
十、
    This happened when I was ten. On a normal Sunday, I went to the barber shop where I always went. That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, who had recently   1   the shop.
    I sat for the haircut. The uncle asked me how   2   I wanted it. I answered, "Just do as my dad had   3  you the last time."
    He smiled. Before starting the   4  , he added, "What if I keep it long?"
    I   5   he was joking. So I joked too. I said, "I can't   6   what would happen to your shop then!"
    The moment I said it, the assistant   7   from behind. "How dare you say that! Who are you to take our shop down, eh?"
    I admit I was too   8   at that moment and the uncle standing beside me was giving me an   9   look.
    From that day on, I   10   stopped joking about anyone's profession and work. It is one of the most   11   incidents in my life, which taught me to   12   the profession and work of a person, no matter how   13   they are.
    I'm   14   that the assistant responded in a way that made me rethink the power of my words. Words do make a   15  .
1. A. left     B. opened     C. joined     D. visited
2. A. much     B. long     C. often     D. soon
3. A. instructed     B. invited     C. promised     D. convinced
4. A. discussion     B. journey     C. training     D. haircut
5. A. agreed     B. heard     C. hoped     D. knew
6. A. forget     B. tolerate     C. guarantee     D. understand
7. A. urged     B. shouted     C. laughed     D. helped
8. A. angry     B. proud     C. scared     D. curious
9. A. anxious     B. appealing     C. encouraging     D. awkward
10. A. suddenly     B. completely     C. temporarily     D. regularly
11. A. important     B. exciting     C. strange     D. interesting
12. A. learn     B. enter     C. change     D. respect
13. A. hard     B. small     C. good     D. complex
14. A. sorry     B. confident     C. grateful     D. embarrassed
15. A. difference     B. mistake     C. choice     D. joke

真题演练
【2022年】
2022年新高考I卷
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our ___41___ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we ___42___ along Chalk Creek. I was ___43___ that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was ___44___, and his crying let the whole campground know it. So ___45___ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It ___46___ — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we ___47___, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly ___48___ our peaceful morning trip. The ___49___ picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to _____50_____ the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No _____51_____. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there _____52_____, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were _____53_____.
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of _____54_____, wondering what camping fun and _____55_____ we will experience next.
41. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries
42. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled
43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried
44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid
45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for
46. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed
47. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off
48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
49. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed
50. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix
51. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal
52. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly
53. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right
54. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement
55. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict

2022年新高考II卷
Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it ___21___ . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive ___22___ , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel ___23___ .
They’re part of a new form of the ___24___ economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in ___25___ homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s ___26___ .
It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully ___27___ their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to ___28___ . But house sitting also offers a level of ___29___ they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like ____30____ at a friend’s house,” Jessica says.
The couple has a high ____31____ rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s ____32____ . For Jessica, that means ____33____ plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house ____34____ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right ____35____ ,” she says.
21. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full-time
22. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure
23. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable
24. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural
25. A. strangers’ B. parents’ C. co-workers’ D. neighbors’
26. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence
27. A. plan B. explain C. compare D. complete
28. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please
29. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention
30. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying
31. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment
32. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding
33. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing
34 A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty
35. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression
【2021年】
1.（2021年新高考I卷）My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, ____41____ little bunny ( 兔 子 ) cakes for all its ____42____throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for ____43____ help during our spring break, for which I had no____44____ beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d ____45____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____46____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their ____47____.
Our____48____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.____49____ bunny from the belt. This was _____50_____ than it sounds._____51_____ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d _____52_____ .
Dad ____53____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood_____54_____ food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you_____55_____ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate

2.（2021年全国甲卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was ___21___ at the hotel on business and planning to ___22___ some friends in the area. They had asked him to ___23___ some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he ___24___ a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was ___25___ that it would be too warm, he ___26___ it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was ___27___ and well chilled (冷却) and he ___28___ .
That's when things went ____29____ “I remember walking down the long _____30_____ and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of _____31_____ to the 4-star hotel. "The seagulls immediately went _____32_____ . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to _____33_____ at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real _____34_____ .
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion (莽撞).
“I have _____35_____ and I admit responsibility of my _____36_____,” he said in the letter. “I come to you, _____37_____ , to apologize for the-damage I had _____38_____ caused and to ask you to _____39_____ my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
His letter _____40_____ . Banned from the hotel since 2001.Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.
21 A. studying B. staying C. looking D. packing
22. A. visit B. help C. follow D. make
23. A. sell B. have C. bring D. taste
24. A. filled B. locked C. abandoned D. lost
25. A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. worried
26. A. dug B. cleared C. cut D. laid
27. A. delicious B. safe C. soft D. ready
28. A. left B. nodded C. waited D. regretted
29. A. far B. funny C. wrong D. blind
30. A. beach B. driveway C. hall D. table
31. A. application B. apology C. request D. invitation
32. A. hungry B. dead C. missing D. wild
33. A. wake up B. get out C. take off D. break in
34. A. mess B. puzzle C. fight D. challenge
35. A. recovered B. retired C. escaped D. matured
36. A. suffering B. plans C. madness D. actions
37. A. hands in pocket B. nose in the air C. hat in hand D. feet on the ground
38. A. indirectly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. secretly
39. A. replace B. remember C. reconsider D. renew
40. A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared

3.（2021年天津卷）For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got 16 when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 17 took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 18 .
For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was 19 his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the 20 of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed 21 to get to work?
With that thought in mind, Pruitt 22 a plan and posted it on the community website. He 23 to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-again 24 . And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the 25 to buy one.
The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty 26 bicycles. Then came more than 500 27 for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be 28 to their owners.
Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are 29 struggling. 30 simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.
In addition to 31 skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. 32 , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
"It's a really great 33 for kids,“ said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is certainly providing a 34 , but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the 35 that he can make on people."
16．A．amazed B．mad C．curious D．frightened
17．A．emotions B．career C．opinions D．route
18．A．ever B．together C．instead D．yet
19．A．ride B．lock C．repair D．replace
20．A．lack B．variety C．increase D．quality
21．A．Instruction B．qualification C．transportation D．permission
22．A．came up with B．stuck to C．gave up D．broke away from
23．A．Remembered B．refused C．hesitated D．offered
24．A．by accident B．in advance C．for free D．on credit
25．A．profit B．budget C．courage D．excuse
26．A．shared B．used C．expensive D．modern
27．A．enquiries B．advertisements C．notices D．announcements
28．A．exported B．sold C．lent D．returned
29．A．hardly B．slightly C．truly D．instantly
30．A．Without B．Beyond C．Upon D．Among
31．A．practical B．commercial C．mathematical D．social
32．A．Otherwise B．However C．Somehow D．Meanwhile
33．A．promise B．celebration C．comfort D．experience
34．A．Competition B．service C．ceremony D．suggestion
35．A．Compromise B．impression C．impact D．progress

4.（2021年6月浙江卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her ___16___ and visit the doctor, providing ___17___ and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to ___18___ some small things she needs.
Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was ___19___ about three dollars. The only ___20___ to pay for the groceries was to take off the ___21___ she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol（医用酒精）and a bar of soup. By taking of these, she was able to ___22___ the new total to the amount of cash she had with her.
At this store, people ___23___ and then go off to the side to ___24___ their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a ___25___ came up to her and said, "Here are the things that you ___26___ ." handing her the rubbing alcohol and the ___27___ . My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. She ___28___ for the woman's name and address so that she could ___29___ her. The woman told her it was her ___30___ .
My mother was so ___31___ by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier（收银员）a five-dollar bill to keep on hand ___32___ the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough ___33___ for all of their groceries.
So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of ___34___ that not only helped my mother out, but ___35___ too.
16. A. exercise B. housework C. cooking D. shopping
17. A. reward B. medicine C. company D. shelter
18. A. return B. collet C. order D. buy
19. A. shot B. cautious C. wrong D. concerned
20. A. aim B. way C. advice D. reason
21. A. weight B. things C. mask D. glasses
22. A. raise B. add C. bring D. switch
23. A. show up B. call in C. check out D. sit down
24. A. store B. select C. deliver D. bag
25. A. stranger B. cashier C. friend D. doctor
26. A. looked for B. talked about C. threw away D. put back
27. A. receipt B. soap C. cash D. bottle
28. A. asked B. waited C. cared D. searched
29. A. repay B. trust C. recognize D. help
30. A. luck B. chance C. gift D. turn
31. A. surprised B. amused C. touched D. convinced
32. A. in case B. even if C. as though D. so that
33. A. energy B. money C. space D. time
34. A. faith B. courage C. kindness D. honor
35. A. made her day B. changed her mind C. caught her eye D. met her demand
完形填空之夹叙夹议
【2021年】
1.（2021年全国乙卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___42___ of gratitude(感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44___ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___45___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___46___ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
She was ___49___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her _____50_____ at her recovery. As she was _____51_____ she was eager to say _____52_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____53_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____54_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____55_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____56_____:“Oh this isn't for the_____57_____ I had. I take that as a _____58_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people,_____59_____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _____60_____ and should be rewarded.
41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
50 A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra

2.（2021年1月浙江卷）Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to 6 on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA．Three months later I 7 myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was 8 at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of 9 , my worries had gone. Everyone was so 10 and like-minded that it was very 11 to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 12 . We had to 13 everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 14 way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to 15 a stairway out of rock. This 16 climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never 17 .
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The 18 of knowing that my 19 will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were 20 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to 21 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 22 part of my tent.
23 , I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 24 . I think I am much 25 for having taken part in the project.
6．A．calculate B．negotiate C．advertise D．research
7．A．imagined B．introduced C．enjoyed D．found
8．A．annoyed B．surprised C．scared D．excited
9．A．arriving B．sleeping C．thinking D．walking
10．A．confident B．friendly C．energetic D．curious
11．A．funny B．good C．lucky D．easy
12．A．tour B．project C．campaign D．course
13．A．drop B．make C．carry D．buy
14．A．nice B．safe C．long D．quick
15．A．build B．test C．clean D．guard
16．A．helped B．ended C．allowed D．meant
17．A．hunted B．trained C．seen D．fed
18．A．Satisfaction B．ambition C．expectation D．intention
19．A．work B．memory C．record D．story
20．A．left B．caught C．attacked D．separated
21．A．boiling B．average C．normal D．freezing
22．A．tidy B．dry C．new D．soft
23．A．By the way B．Regardless of that C．Needless to say D．In either case
24．A．survived B．resisted C．escaped D．recovered
25．A．smarter B．stronger C．happier D．busier

【2020年】
1.（2020·新课标Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Since our twins began learning to walk， my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The ___41___ is obvious. If we ___42___ it is a door， they’ll want to go outside ___43___. It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the ___44___. But our insisting it’s ___45___ a window has kept them from ___46___ millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll ___47___ and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a ___48___.I wonder if ___49___ should always tell the truth no matter the ____50____. I have a very strong ____51____ that the lie we’re telling is doing ____52____ damage to our children. Windows and doors have ____53____ metaphorical(比喻) meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in ____54____ they come to a metaphorical door， like an opportunity(机会) of some sort， and ____55____ opening the door and taking the opportunity， they just ____56____ it and wonder， ＂What if it isn’t a door?＂ That is， ＂What if it isn’t a ____57____ opportunity?＂
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the ____58____ is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just ____59____ repeatedly having to say， ＂No. We can’t go outside now.＂ Then when they come to other doors in life， be they real or metaphorical， they won’t ____60____ to open them and walk through.
41. A. relief B. target C. reason D. case
42. A. admit B. believe C. mean D. realize
43. A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually
44. A. result B. danger C. method D. truth
45. A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly
46. A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. attempting
47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out
48. A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact
49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers
50 A. restrictions B. explanations C. differences D. consequences
51. A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt
52. A. physical B. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral
53. A. traditional B. important C. double D. original
54. A. life B. time C. reply D. history
55. A. by comparison with B. in addition to C. regardless of D. instead of
56. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of
57. A. real B. Typical C. similar D. limited
58. A. safety rule B. comfort zone C. bottom line D. top secret
59. A. delay B. regret C. enjoy D. accept
60. A. hurry B. decide C. hesitate D. intend



2.（2020·新课标Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As s businesswoman， I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection， ___41___ can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in， ___42___their handbag’s been stolen. They’ll ___43___ that they left it in the changing room， create havoe (混乱) and then ___44___ it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have out half the ___45___ in the shop， and want the only style you don’t have left in a ___46___ colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get， but I try to persuade them to keep ___47___.
I remember the first really ___48___ customer we had at Covent Garden. She was. ___49___ absolutely everything， nothing was right and I was rather ____50____ that she became a “regular”. After a while， she ____51____ for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before， was living in a flat ____52____， and since she’d found it too much to cope with (应对)， she’d taken it out on ____53____ people.
That taught me a valuable ____54____ and I pass it on to the people who ____55____ in the market. Don’t take it ____56____. If a customer is rude or difficult， just think “Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not ____57____.” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get ____58____. If you do， you won’ be able to ____59____ it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ____60____ everyone’s day.
41. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists
42. A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying
43. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
44. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
45. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
46. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
47. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
48. A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult
49. A. curious about B. displeased with C. patient with D. uncertain about
50. A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
51. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized
52. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
53. A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely
54. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade
55. A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel
56. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually
57. A. ready B. away C. up D. well
58. A. out of sight B. in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law
59. A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame
60. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves



3.（2020·江苏卷）Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success ___36___ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the ____37____ in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931， he had no ___38___ of knowing that his life was to change ____39____. The class experiment that day was to ____40____ how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. ____41____， the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat ____42____ held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it， the container ___43___， leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later， his parents ____44____ to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had ______45______ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as ______46______. He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There， he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)______47______ public speaker.
Later， he worked in Africa， where many people suffered from ______48______ for lack of proper treatment. For him， it was one thing to _____49_____ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue _____50_____ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ______51______ Wilson made to preventing the ______52______.
Wilson received several international ______53______ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a _____54_____. He proved that it’s not what happens to us that ______55______ our lives-it’s what we make of what happens.
36. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects
37. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps
38. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure
39. A. continually B. gradually C. gracefully D. completely
40. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare
41. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus
42. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily
43. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed
44. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed
45. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. happened to
46. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic
47. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent
48. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness
49. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept
50. A. until B. when C. unless D. before
51. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations
52. A. preventable B. potential C. spreadable D. influential
53. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses
54. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision
55. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits



4.（2020·天津卷）阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意， 然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。
Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has recently made a significant___16___- -loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes， but it can be___17___in a clever way. The___18___? Chat benches.
Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her___19___. The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning who ___20___made her believe that he was her friend， and then she lent him about “f 31，000 . Jones was___21___ when she said that she didn’t actually___22___ being cheated. “Otherwise， 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end，” she said.
This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely ___23___ people in his community， who are easy targets of cheating. So he___24___ to do something about it. He_____25_____ the police department to allow him to _____26_____ a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches that_____27_____:”HAPPY TO CHAT. “Just a few days after the signs went up， he found people sitting there and engaging in active and_____28_____ conversations.
The idea is catching on_____29_____There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained a(n)_____30_____ outcome from getting involved. Jones’ idea has been fully _____31_____-the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help_____32_____ the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.
This effort is not just a(n) _____33_____ at being community minded- -it’s also a _____34_____ measure. It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.
The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that_____35_____ those of all ages to interact and get to know each other in the future.
16. A. choice B. discovery C. visit D. promise
17. A. experienced B. suffered C. prevented D. felt
18. A. solution B. puzzle C. excuse D. intention
19. A. pleasure B. prize C. credit D. money
20. A. eventually B. frequently C. previously D. occasionally
21. A. ashamed B. shocked C. excited D. amused
22. A. mind B. forgive C. risk D. enjoy
23. A. active B. lonely C. cautious D. stubborn
24. A. learned B. refused C. pretended D. decided
25. A. forced B. ordered C. convinced D. taught
26. A. put away B. make out C. tear apart D. set up
27. A. read B. claimed C. meant D. implied
28. A. formal B. joyful C. awkward D. crazy
29. A. randomly B. slowly C. quickly D. purposefully
30. A. positive B. disappointing C. correct D. embarrassing
31. A. realized B. examined C. discussed D. formed
32. A. break down B. put up C. keep off D. take out
33. A. glance B. attempt C. knock D. attack
34. A. heart-breaking B. risk-taking C. face-saving D. crime-cutting
35. A. forbids B. appoints C. encourages D. troubles


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