专题12 七选五 ——【冲刺2023】高考英语考试易错题（原卷版+解析版）

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专题12 七选五——备战2023年高考英语考试易错题
【导入】
高考英语“七选五”阅读理解的设空类型一般分为标题类、主题句类、词汇复现类、代词指代类、逻辑关系类、承上启下类、概括总结类等。学生需要快速浏览文章，确定文章的体裁、主题语境，分析文章的篇章结构，找出主题句或概括主旨大意，关注句子间的衔接标志词，理顺句子间的逻辑关系，从而提高答题的速度和准确率。
技巧1基于语篇，掌握文章的篇章结构
通过认真研读语篇，可以确定文章的体裁，进而明析篇章的结构。一般而言，说明文常采用“总一分一总”的结构形式，第一段介绍要说明的主题，中间的段落多是平行关系，通常是从不同的角度来说明问题，最后总结。议论文则一般先抛出议题，然后从正反两方面进行议论，最后得出结论。
But good news is that there're really only thrice kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.(总)
(38)D small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with. They 're the little spots of color … (分)
Medium color choices …
The large color decisions …
【解析】通过研读语篇可知，本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题，采用了“总一分”结构。38题上面一段的结尾部分提到“…the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones."，结合下面两段首句中的“Medium color choices”和“The large color decisions”可判断，本段应介绍“Small color choices”。且38题是本段的主题句，D选项中的Small和38题后一句中的little是一组近义词。故选D。
【答案】D Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with.


标题：精炼，引领全文，首字母大写
副标题：短小精悍（多为动词短语、名词短语、祈使句等,多与其它副标题形式一致）
段首：引出概括整段
段中：承上启下，过渡,举例......
段尾：总结升华，承上启下


(37) B.It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming. (总一分)Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, ② a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
【解析】通过研读语篇可知,本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乔迁聚会的定义、习俗和来源。37题为本段的中心句，意为“乔迁聚会送礼物是一个传统”，下文分别阐述了适合乔迁聚会送的礼物:主人清单上的礼物,如厨房用品、窗帘;非清单上的礼物，如艺术作品、植物,构成段内的“总一分”关系。故选B。
【答案】B It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming.


技巧2 研读语篇，判断句子间的逻辑关系
一.灵活运用并列句式
如果空格前后两句话之间有first(首先，第一)，second(第二)，third(第三)；firstly(第一，首先)，secondly(第二(点)，其次)，thirdly(第三)；first(第一)，next(其次)，then(那么，然后)；in the first place(第一，首先)，in the second place(第二，其次)；for one thing(首先，一则)，for another(其次)；to begin with(首先，第一)等词或词组，则表明前后两句是逻辑上的并列关系，空格处很有可能是个并列的句子。

(2019年全国Ⅰ卷)
(好处一)(37) A. Fresh air cleans our lungs. If the air you're breathing is clean.. the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen.… breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉)and your brain.
…
(好处二)(40)Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight. While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D.
【解析】通过研读语篇可知，本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了呼吸新鲜空气的好处一一新鲜空气中的氧气、阳光对人们的身心健康有好处。37题和40题虽然隔得比较远，但都在阐述呼吸新鲜空气所带来的好处，相当于一个并列句式:one benefit…another benefit…
37题阐述了呼吸新鲜空气的第一个好处。根据设空处下一句中提到的“If the air you're breathing is clean…the air is filled with life-giving energizing oxygen."可知，新鲜空气中充满赋予人生命的、充满活力的氧气。下文中的“…breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉)and your brain.”是对前文内容的进一步阐述。意为“呼吸得更深会让更多的氧气进人你的肌肉和大脑”。根据前面的分析可以推知，该空应该涉及呼吸新鲜空气的好处，根据常识可知，我们吸人的空气首先进人的是肺部，然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益。故选A。
40题阐述了通过呼吸新鲜空气获得的另一个好处是阳光。根据设空处下文中提到的“the sun' rays. give us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，该段介绍了阳光的好处。故该设空处应该涉及阳光。选项中只有D选项涉及阳光。故选D。
【答案】37 A 40 D

二. 判断句子间的转折让步关系
转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转的逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间有however(然而)，nevertheless(然而，不过)，still(还，仍然)，though(可是，不过，然而)，yet(然而)，on the contrary(正相反)，in contrast(与此相反，相比之下)，in comparison(比较起来，与……比较)，by comparison(相比之下)等词，则表明前后两句话存在逻辑上的逆转，空格处很有可能表示转折。

(2018年全国Ⅰ卷)
Do you want a room that's full of life? Professional? Orate you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?(36)B. Whatever you're looking for, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. (37)A. While all of them are useful , they can get a little complex .
【解析】通过研读语篇可知，36题前的三个问句是问读者要寻找什么样的房间设计。结合空后的“...color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.”
可知，36题应选择半句话，引导让步状语从句，构成“不管你在寻找哪一种风格，颜色是关键。”故选B。
A选项中的“them”和后文的“they”指代的是上文中的“a number of different techniques”。前文:在过去的许多年里，有许多技术帮助设计者实现这一要点;下文:它们有点复杂。A项意为“虽然他们都很有用”符合语境，文中用while表达转折让步关系。故选A。
【答案】 (36)B. Whatever you're looking for
(37)A. While all of them are useful 
三 判断句子间的因果关系
做题时最重要的是要在读懂空格前后的句子的基础上，依据彼此的关系来确认答案。有时，前后的句子之间出现as a result(结果)，thus/therefore(因此)，so(such)...that(如此……以至于)等标志性词语，表明前后句有着原因和结果的关系，说明前因后果或者前果后因等情况。

（1）
Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. Wearer often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. (38) D. Remember, you are only human. You will make mistakes, time and time again.
【解析】通过研读语篇可知，文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。根据38题所在段落的中心句“Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.(原谅自己所犯的错误。)”及下文的“You will make mistakes, time and time again.(你会一次又一次地犯错误。)”可知，选项D “Remember, you are only human.”与下文衔接顺畅。故选D。
【答案】D

（2）
Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities. 4
A. That kept cities very small.
【解析】空格的上一句话提到了，即使在先进的农业社会，也需要大约95个农民养活5个城市人，这只有一个结果，就是使得城市很小，与A项信息呼应。
【答案】A

技巧3研读语篇，选准承上启下的衔接句式
一 灵活运用“问答”句式

(2020年全国Ⅰ卷)
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it…to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach.(36)B. Where do you start? (问)Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(答)
【解析】通过研读语篇可知，本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。根据标题“AFew Tips for Self-Acceptance”及下文的“Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)”可知，选项Where do you start?(从哪里开始呢?)”的问句最符合下文语境。故选B。
【答案】B. Where do you start?
二 理解文章中承上启下的含义
当非首段的第一句设空时，设空处也有可能是承上启下的过渡句。此类题目要求考生既要熟悉前文(尤其是上一段)的内容，又要结合本段内容，综合考虑后选择能使前后段自然衔接的答案。

(2019年全国I卷)
Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈).(38)G. AII across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens. In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us.…(39) C. Beingin nature refreshes us.It gives us a great feeling of peace.
【解析】选项G中的“Healing”与上文的“healing”为单词复现，下文的“these places”指代G选项中的“recovery centers”，选项G“All across the country,recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.”在语篇中起到承上启下的作用。39题前文介绍了“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人康复有好处:绿色的植物可以减轻压力、降低血压，使人情绪良好。39题下文提到“它给我们一种平和感”。并且选项Being in nature refreshes us.(身处大自然可以使人精神焕发)”在语篇中起承上启下的作用，此空继续阐述处于“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处，空后的It也指代身处大自然的情况。故38题选G，39题选C。
【答案】 (38)G. AII across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
(39) C. Beingin nature refreshes us.

(2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)38.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy. French strawberries do not...flavor bombs.
39．________ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
A．Not all the customers are tourists.
B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G．The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
【解析】　本题考查上下文衔接。上一段讲述巴黎的食物非常美味，人们吃一点就很满足。空后讲作者和丈夫发现巴黎的食物很贵，暗含上一段所述情况不是法国人吃得少的唯一原因。
【答案】E

技巧4巧用“重复信息”，稳解七选五
一 原词重复信息
原词复现是指一个句子中的关键词(常为动词、名词、形容词)会反复出现在文中的其他句子中。这些词会以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现，如“looks”与“looking”“looked”“go”与“going”“went”等。根据语言习惯，第一句的宾语往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同、重叠的词语。因此，要学会寻找空格前后句句中相同的关键词。

(2021·全国卷甲)
•Invite 5－10 people so you have a nice selection. 37.Less_people_than_that,_and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
•38.________. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【解析】　本段空后“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their ‘new’ clothes home.”讲他们还应准备大量的可回收的袋子，来把“新”衣服带回家。其中的“clothes”原词复现是解题提示，同时“new”表明衣服应该是好的，对应选项中的“clean”及“in good condition”。
【答案】：G
二　代词重复信息
为了避免与上文提到的名词重复，用不同的代词指代上文提到的人、事物或事件。例如，it指代单数名词、不可数名词、句子，they指代复数名词，ones泛指复数名词。此处，还有反身代词、指示代词、关系代词等。
　(2021·浙江卷 1月)If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers...Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line—called a serpentine line—and serve each person at the front with the next available register. 34.________ This is what they do at most banks and fast­food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
【解析】　本题考查上下文衔接。前一段提到如果商店中排起了三个结账的队伍，那么结账时延误情况的出现是随机的。本段提到研究人员为解决这一问题，想出了一个好办法：让所有人排成一队，排在最前面的人到可用的收银机处结账。选项中的this method是空后This的指代对象，代词重复是一个很好的解题信号。
【答案】F

三 派生词重复信息
(2021·全国卷乙)And what about that other dinner­party killer: awkward silence? If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). 40.________. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
A．How do you know the host
B．The first step is to go exploring
C．If you ask the question “How did you get here？”
D．Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E．Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F．What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G．He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【解析】　本段主要讲面对“dinner­party killer：awkward silence(晚宴杀手：尴尬的沉默)”时应该怎么办。根据空前的“the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment”可知，解决办法是赞扬晚宴的主人，“He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most(他或她是最能感受到这种尴尬的压力的人)”符合语境，其中“He or she”指代the host，“awkwardness”即awkward的派生词也是解题提示。
【答案】G
四　同义重复信息
此处的同义多指意义相同或相近的词、词组或句子，如room和space。
(2021·浙江卷1月)If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability：33.________ So it's not just in your mind：Another line probably is moving faster.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
【解析】　本题考查上下文衔接。空前的probability与选项中的chances和one in three呼应，同时该项与空后一句“So it's not just in your mind：Another line probably is moving faster.”呼应。
【答案】D
五　反义重复信息
顾名思义，此处指上下文中有互为相反词义的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子。
　(2021·全国卷甲)A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
•Invite 5－10 people so you have a nice selection. 37.________， and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【解析】　根据本段空处后文“more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable(超过5－10人，则无法控制)”可知，分号前后是两个相反意义的对比关系，根据反义信息“more than”，可以推知空处想表达人太少的含义。
【答案】 A

基础夯实
解题技巧
1.词汇衔接的解题技巧
（1）词汇复现
复现是保证文章前后衔接经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一概念进行重复描述。复现关系主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。
（2）代词线索
英语表达中代词出现的频率极高。在精读各段和各选项的过程中，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或指示代词，特别是选项中以及空格处前后句中出现的代词。根据代词的单复数及其在句中所作的成分，可以找出代词指代的名词或句子，从而有助于选出最佳选项。
（3）语篇标志词线索
语篇是指比单个句子长的语言单位（句群、段落、篇章等）。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语被称为语篇标志词。对语篇标志词了解得越多，就越可以更好地理解语
篇的结构和要表达的内容，为解题提供帮助。
常见的语篇标志词从细节、逻辑上可分为：
①并列关系：first(ly), second(ly), . . . . ; first, then/next,. . . . ; in the first place, in the second place, . . . ;for one thing, for another; then/next, finally/last等。
②递进关系：too, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, what's more, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not. . .but. . . , not only. . .but also. . . 等。
③解释例证关系：for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words/that is to say等。
④因果关系：so/therefore, thus, consequently, as a result (of), so/such. . .that. . . . , so that, hence, accordingly等。
⑤转折对比关系：but, however, yet, while/though, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless, still, on the contrast, in contrast/comparison, by contrast/comparison等。
⑥概括归纳关系：in short, in brief, in summary, generally speaking, in general, to conclude, in conclusion, in a word, on the whole, to sum up等。
⑦条件关系：so/as long as, on condition that, if, unless等。
2.不同位置的试题解题技巧
（1）问题在段首
①通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。
②关注与后文的关系（并列、转折、因果等）。重点阅读空格后面第一、二句，锁定线索词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，以确定答案。
（2）问题在段尾
通常是结论性或概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等意思的信号词，如 therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等，选项中也可发现前文的
同义词句。
（3）问题在段中
通常是在语境和逻辑两方面和上下文有密切关系的句子中。在语境方面注意能够与原文空白无缝衔接。在逻辑方面特别注意体现时间、原因、方式、转折等逻辑关系的语篇标志词（关联词）。

模拟演练
一、
    So often we find ourselves on autopilot—waking up in the same home, putting on the same clothes and taking the same transportation to the same old job. ①_____ And while it's perfectly natural for humans to stick to routine, there's much to be discovered beyond the limits of our comfort zones.
    There is no exception to a man aged 53. ②_____ He knew it was going to be hard to find another job. He also knew it was now or never to pursue his lifelong dream of owning his own restaurant. But he was too old to compete with the young and too weak to do any labor work.
    ③_____ He didn't want to spend his rest life sitting around and feeling pity for himself. Also, Mrs Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on, considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children.
    ④_____ Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home—an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease(租约). ⑤_____ But the problem was that he had never financially planned for this day. He had to borrow money from friends and relatives. After that, he changed the name to Black Dog Coffee, and made it alive. Eighteen years later, they're still there and doing better than ever. Brian says he's extremely grateful for the decision to make a change.
A.Then came the opportunity.
B.The thought filled him with anxiety.
C.That was exactly what Brian needed.
D.Even our New Year's decisions to change hardly make it.
E.With the support of his family, he took a job in the local cafe.
F.Several weeks after consideration, he decided to have a change.
G.Brian Mockenhaupt got laid off from a senior management position.
二、
    Word travels quickly in the small fishing village of Port Washington, Wisconsin. So when Mardy McGarry wanted to build a playground for kids with special needs, she knew it wouldn't take long to create interest in the project. But she never expected that a third of the town people would join in it. ①_____
    "A lot of learning comes through play," says McGarry, a special education teacher for 28 years. She'd seen the wood chips and sand of traditional playgrounds stop wheelchairs dead in their tracks.
    When a piece of land became available, the city council agreed to choose a part for a playground. ②_____ She asked many kids for their wish list. She also asked experts for help. And she brought on board her friend Sue Mayer, whose eight-year-old son, Sam, has a serious disease.
    Her Kiwanis Club chapter came through with $7,000, and that's when the grassroots movement really got started. One woman gave $25,000 and had her company donate the same amount. ③_____ There were silent auctions(拍卖) and T-shirt sales. The local Pieper Family Foundation offered to donate half of the remaining $170,000 balance if McGarry could raise the rest. The $450,000 covered materials, but the actual construction would cost an additional $900,000. Not a choice. But the community could build it.
    On September 16, 2008, the first day of construction, they came. Two women heard about the project on the radio on the way to work and took the day off to help. ④_____ Ten-year-olds sanded surfaces.
    Today, Possibility Playground is one of the most popular destinations in Ozaukee County. There's a giant pirate ship, a sandbox, monkey bars, swings and so on.
    ⑤_____ It's exactly what McGarry wanted. People used to ask why she wanted to build a playground just for children with disabilities. "They didn't get it. It's only when you build a playground for children with disabilities that you build one for all children," she said.
A.Soon smaller businesses were helping.
B.All children play shoulder to shoulder.
C.But her students were too often left out.
D.Everyone thought it was really a great wonder.
E.A couple in their 80s operated their own trucks.
F.McGarry started researching play equipment and contacting design firms.
G.They rolled up their sleeves and used their weekdays to bring her idea to life.
三、
    Apps (short for applications) are becoming increasingly popular nowadays, and with good reason. They can help you out in just about every area of your life, whether it's keeping fit, communicating with friends, or even learning a language. ① _____ Here's what you should think about before downloading an app for language learning.
    • Learn from diverse sources (not just apps)
    Any seasoned language learner will tell you that the beauty of mastering a foreign language is the world which it opens up to you. This is a world of diverse sources (资源) of information, from newspapers and books to TV, radio, music and even real people. Would you limit yourself to one medium in your native language? ②_____
    • Establish your purpose and plan your habits
    Do you want to be fluent in weeks or are you in on it for the brain training? The good apps are designed to help you fit your studies around your timetable. ③_____ These apps encourage habit building, because the successful formation of a habit ensures your safe and regular return.
    • Make it social
    ④_____ I mean socializing in real life. I owe the speed of progress I made in Italian to the support from Jim, my partner in study time. Find a friend to accompany you. Take an evening class. Borrow a book. Buy a book. Attend a language school. Just don't forget your phone!
    If I may speak sincerely, the combination of an app, a language school, Jim, evenings out, and a book or two of choice proved extremely effective. ⑤_____
A. I recommend it.
B. Remember that an app is just a tool.
C. No, I don't mean posting your progress online.
D. I encourage you to use apps as often as you can.
E. Probably not, so why do so in your new language?
F. The best apps adapt themselves based upon your behavior.
G. However, you need to know how to use them properly to really benefit.
四、
    The 24-year-old female commander(指挥员) Zhou Chengyu has been a heated topic on Weibo since the Chinese state media highlighted her as one of the women involved in the successful launch of the Chang'e 5 lunar probe (月球探测器) on 24 November. Social media users have been referring to her as a "source of pride" for the country. ①_________ Several people jokingly reflected on their own achievements, commenting how far behind in life they were in comparison.
    Starting in 2004, the Chang'e Programme consists of three stages: "orbiting", "landing" and "returning". ②_________ In December, 2013, the goal of China's first soft landing on the lunar surface and ground exploration on the Moon was achieved by the lander of Chang'e 3 and Yutu lunar rover. Last year, Chang'e 4 probe made the first-ever soft landing on the far side of the moon.
    The Chang'e 5 mission is China's third successful moon landing in seven years. ③_________ If it were successful, China would be the third country to bring lunar samples back to Earth after the United States and the Soviet Union.
    Most Chinese people know the mythological story of Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon. People can’t hear the word "Chang'e" without picturing romantic images of a moon goddess. ④_________ And so pictures of Zhou Chengyu have been all over the state media, with comments about how she is a "front-line soldier in the field of aerospace" and a "big sister" that the young Chinese can look up to.
    However, the huge amount of interest in the native of Guizhou Province has not appeared to have had much of an effect on her. ⑤_________
A. Her story in particular has inspired the public, considering her young age.
B. She refused repeated requests for interviews in order to focus on her work.
C. However, China has been trying to highlight strong female figures in the country.
D. Despite her young age, Zhou is now working at the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center.
E. Its aim is to gather lunar rocks and soil to help scientists learn more about the moon.
F. For this reason, China's mission to the moon has been calling for a strong female figure.
G.China completed the "orbiting" stage by launching Chang'e 1 and Chang'e 2 lunar probes in 2007 and 2010.
五、
    If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. ①___________
    The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. ②___________ We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor's bill for my son's food poisoning.
    I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. ③___________ Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
    ④___________ We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
    ⑤___________ It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.
A. This time there was no tent.
B. Things are going to be improved.
C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
六、阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Muzak
    The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? ①_____ It's similar to the music you listen to, but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music is especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway.
    Quiet background music used to be called "elevator music" because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name "Muzak". About one-third of the people in America listen to "Muzak" every day. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. ②_____
    If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? ③_____
Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. ④_____ Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries. 
⑤_____ They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!
A. Some people don't like Muzak.
B. The music gives them extra energy.
C. Music is playing in the background.
D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more.
E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better.
F. They will get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.
G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.
七、
    As the coronavirus outbreak continues, many Americans are fearful of using public transportation. They also are looking for ways to get exercise without having to go to a gym, as well as ways to enjoy the outdoors. ①_____
    In the United Stales, bicycles at big stores like Walmart have sold out. And small bicycle stores cannot keep up with demand for "family-style" bicycles: the low -cost, easy-to-ride models.
    The bicycle industry is seeing its biggest sales increase since the oil crisis of the 1970s. The increase in bicycle demand began in March as countries began to close down. ②_____ All bicycle sales, including those for children, are up 100 percent from the year before.
    ③_____ Cities like Manila in the Philippines and Rome, Italy have created bicycle paths for the growing number of people who want to avoid public transportation. In London, city officials plan to bar cars from some central roads.
    Of course, you can only buy a bicycle if you can find one bicycle. In the U.S., the shortages now mean it may take many months to get one. ④_____ The U.S. buys 90 percent of its bicycles from China. Bicycle factories there were shut down to stop the spread of COVID-19.
    In Bar Harbor, Maine, Brian Smith bought a new bicycle for one of his daughters. She is a competitive swimmer who could not get to the pool to practice. His family now goes for rides several times a day. Bicycling helps them all get exercise and enjoy the fresh air. ⑤_____ "It's fun. Maybe that's the bottom line. It's really fun to ride bikes." Smith said.
A. But what's the biggest reason they go on rides?
B. High demand is not the only reason for the shortage.
C. Then who has benefited greatest from riding bikes?
D. The rise in bicycle sales is not happening just in the United Stales.
E. In April, the sale of bicycles for adults increased 200 percent in the United States.
F. However, no bicycles have been imported from abroad like China since the end of last year.
G. So, it may not be surprising that the pandemic(流行病) has led to a major increase in bicycle sales.
八、
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette(礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ① _____. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of' you. ②_____.
Hands or Utensils(餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ③_____, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
④_____. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. ⑤_____, the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
九、
Tips for Green Travel With Kids
    Travelling doesn't mean letting go of all the eco-friendly choices we work so hard to achieve in our daily life. Here are a few tips for green travel with kids:
    Booking nonstop flights whenever possible will reduce carbon emissions(碳排放). If the closest local airport doesn't have nonstop flights to a certain place, check with other local airports to see if nonstop flights are available. ①_____
    Whether you're flying or driving, it's easy when travelling to pull into fast food restaurants for snacks. ②_____ My kids love to help plan snacks. I let them create their own snacks for the trip at home.
    ③_____ At the airport, keep your reusable bottles empty until you have passed through the security checks(安检). Fill them up on the other side of the security checkpoint. Single-use plastic water bottles create unnecessary waste and the plastic can be harmful to your health.
    ④_____ Open a few windows and turn off the air conditioner(空调). You should also help your children keep their good and green habits from home to place while travelling. Sometimes vacation can mean more than one shower each day—once in the morning and again after getting out of the pool. Pay attention to the number of showers and the length of showers. ⑤_____
A. Walking is good for your health.
B. Try to cut back to save water and energy.
C. But you can pack healthy food from home.
D. Travelling is a great chance to introduce your kids to the world.
E. Reusable water bottles are easy to bring along wherever you travel.
F. Save energy by turning off the hotel room lights when you head out for the day.
G. You might have to drive a bit further, but saving on carbon emissions makes it worthwhile.
十、
    More than half the planet's population now live in cities, with limited access to the natural world. For Europe and Latin America, the figure is more than 70%. ①_____
    Gardening in particular is an opportunity for everyone to have such kind of experience, even if they live in built-up areas. It is typically seen as moderate(适度的) intensity exercise equal to playing doubles tennis or walking at a speed of 3.5 mph, so it has similar fitness benefits.
    ②_____ Home and gardens have long been important for family food production, but gardening can also encourage people to eat more healthily and act as an educational resource of nutritious food. In fact, children who take part in gardening and grow their own food have a greater preference for, and increased consumption of, fruit and vegetables.
    ③_____ Research has shown that gardeners generally have greater life satisfaction, raised self-esteem and fewer feelings of depression and anger than non-gardeners.
    This last point suggests that the mental benefits of gardening may be more than just a side effect of the physical exercise involved. ④_____ People with strong social networks have increased life expectancy, less stress and fewer visits to the doctor. In addition, spending time outdoors in a natural environment helps us to feel less stressed, reduce the symptoms of depression, and improve our concentration and attention.
    All the evidence shows there's a strong relationship between gardening and health, but we only know for sure that there is connection, not "cause and effect". ⑤_____ We also need to directly examine the immediate effects of gardening on people who have never previously taken part or are suffering from mental and physical ill health.
A.Gardening is also linked to better diets.
B.But more than this, it can improve people's mental health.
C.One possible reason is that gardening can involve social interaction.
D.Good eating is supposed to include a balance of several food groups.
E.Yet contact with nature has varieties of benefits for both physical and mental health.
F.This means gardening alone is not necessarily a direct cause of any improvements in health.
G.Remaining socially active can also inspire seniors to build confidence and live a healthy life.




答案以及解析
一、
答案：DGFAC
解析：①考查上下文衔接。根据空前的"我们每天都在同一个家醒来, 穿上同样的衣服, 乘坐同样的交通工具去做同样的原有的工作"可知, "我们"的生活总是一成不变; 而空后一句"虽然人类坚持常规是非常自然的, 但在我们的舒适区的界限之外, 还有很多东西等着我们去发现"则讲到了人们可以做出改变, 因此空处讲到的应该是做出改变有多难, 故D项符合语境。
②考查上下文衔接。根据空后一句"他知道很难找到另一份工作"可知, 空处讲到的应该是他失业了, 所以G项符合语境。
③考查上下文衔接。空前一段讲到了Brian失业之后失落的状态, 空后则讲到了他不愿无所事事, 他的太太也鼓励他努力向前, 所以F项(经过考虑, 几周后他决定做出改变)符合语境。
④考查上下文衔接。上文讲到了Brian的太太鼓励他自己创业, 而空后一句则讲到了Brian在离家八个街区远的地方找到了他想要的东西—一个现成的咖啡馆, 据此可知, 空处讲到的应该是做出改变的机会来了, 故A项符合语境。
⑤考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到了一个现成的咖啡馆表现不佳, 老板也不愿意再干了, 空后一句则讲到了但问题是他从来没有为这一天做过财务计划, 所以空处讲到的应该是面前这个机会就是他需要的, 故C项符合语境。
二、
答案：GFAEB
解析：①根据空前一句可知, 她没有料到, 镇上有三分之一的人会加入其中, 即为孩子们建造一个操场。据此可推知, 空处应是继续说明镇上的人帮助她把想法变为现实, 故G项符合语境。
②根据空前一句可知, 市政会为操场选址; 根据空后一句可知, McGarry询问学生的愿望。据此可推知, 空处应是说明她开始调查所需设备, 并联系设计公司, 故F项正确。
③根据本段介绍的拍卖会、资金会的捐款等活动可知, A项符合语境。
④空前一句是说在听到这个消息后, 两位女士请假过来帮忙; 空后一句是说孩子们也帮忙打磨地面。据此可推知, 空处与此对应, 应是介绍人们过来帮忙的具体例子, 故E项符合语境。
⑤根据空处下文中的"you build a playground...for all children"可推知, 空处介绍McGarry建造操场想要看到的一幕: 所有孩子肩并肩地一起玩耍, 故B项正确。
三、
答案：①-⑤ GEFCA
解析：①空前一句讲到应用程序几乎可以在你生活的每个领域帮助你摆脱困境，无论是保持健康、与朋友沟通，还是学习语言，根据空后一句并结合下文三个小标题可知，空处讲的应该是使用语言应用程序的注意事项，故G项符合语境
②空前一句讲"在母语里，你会把自己局限在一种媒介里吗"，因此空处应该是对这一问题的回答，故E项"可能不会，那么在你的新语言里你为什么要这么做呢"符合语境。
③本段小标题是"建立你的目标和规划你的习惯"，空前一句讲到好的应用程序对你学习的好处，空后一句则提到这些应用程序促进习惯养成，因此空处讲的应该也是好的应用程序的特点，所以F项符合语境。
④本段小标题是"将语言学习社交化"，空后一句讲"我的意思是现实生活中的社交"，因此C项符合语境。
⑤空前一句提到这种融合多种资源的方式非常有效，故A项"我推荐它"符合语境。
四、
答案：AGEFB
解析：本文是一篇新闻报道,主要报道了与嫦娥五号有关的24岁的女航天发射指挥员周承钰的事,同时也介绍了我国的“嫦娥工程”。
①根据上文"Social media users have been referring to her as a 'source of pride' for the country."(社交媒体用户把她称为我国的“骄傲之源”)和下文"Several people jokingly reflected on their own achievements, commenting how far behind in life they were in comparison."(一些人拿他们自己的成就开玩笑,说相比之下他们在生活中远远落后)可知,A项“考虑到她还很年轻,她的故事尤其鼓舞公众”符合语境。故选A。
②根据上文"Starting in 2004... 'obiting', 'landing' and 'returning'."(始于2004年,“嫦娥工程”分三个阶段——“绕”“落”和“回”)和下文"In December, 2013, the goal of China's first soft landing... of Chang'e 3."(在2013年12月,嫦娥三号着陆器和玉兔号月球车实现了我国首次在月球表面软着陆并探测月球地面的目标)可知,G项“通过2007年发射的‘嫦娥一号’和2010年发射的‘嫦娥二号’中国完成了‘绕’这个阶段”符合语境,在时间上承接了上文的2004,并与下文的2013呼应,该段按时间线索展示了中国的“嫦娥工程”。故选G。
③根据上文"The Chang'e 5 mission is China's third successful moon landing in seven years."(嫦娥五号任务是中国在七年内第三次成功登月)和下文"If successful, China would be the third country to bring lunar samples back to Earth after the United States and the Soviet Union."(如果成功的话,中国将成为继美国和苏联后第三个把月球样本带回地球的国家)可知,E项“它的目标是收集月球岩石和土壤以帮助科学家更多地了解月球”符合语境,承上启下,选项中的aim呼应上文的mission。故选E。
④ 根据上文"People can't hear the word 'Chang'e' without picturing romantic images of a moon goddess."(人们听到‘嫦娥’这个词就会不禁联想到月亮女神的浪漫形象)和下文"And so pictures of Zhou Chengyu have been all over the state media...young Chinese can look up to."(因此,周承钰的照片出现在国家媒体上,评论说她是“航天一线战士”,是年轻的中国人都尊敬的“大姐姐”)可推知,F项“正是这个原因,中国登月的任务一直需要一个有影响力的女性人物”符合语境,选项中的this reason指代上文内容。故选F。
⑤根据上文"However, the huge amount of interest in the native of Guizhou Province has not appeared to have had much of an effect on her."(然而,人们对这位贵州本地人的巨大兴趣似乎并没有对她产生多大影响)可推知,B项“为了专注于她的工作,她多次拒绝了采访请求”符合语境,说明了出名没有给她带来很大影响的具体体现,故选B。
五、
答案：DCAFE
解析：①过渡句。上文指出,三年前,我不相信自己会用大部分周末去野营,参加野营的人会经历种种困难,我和他们不是一类人。下文讲到了自己迷恋上野营的过程,故此处有引起下文的作用。D项符合语境,与前面的内容有转折关系。句意:但是,从那时起我注定会学到很多关于野营的东西。
②过渡句。空后主要介绍了首次野营中遇到的困难与艰苦,故C项符合本段内容。rough(令人不快的;艰难的)是关键词。
③细节句。由空后的内容及前面的another可知,A项可将前后句有效衔接起来。
④过渡句。本句位于段首,起到了承上启下的作用。上段提到了第二次较为舒适的野营,下文指出自此之后进行了多次野营,且装备更加完善。F项意为“这次行程之后,我们一家人对野营产生了浓厚的兴趣。”,下文中的We指代my family,该句有效地连接了上下文。
⑤总结句。本句位于最后一段,起到了总结全文的作用,且与文章开头提到的三年前不喜欢野营相呼应。E项符合语境,意为“我不得不说我绝对已经喜欢上了野营。”
六、
答案：①-⑤ CBFDA
解析：①根据空格前一句的提问，可以判断此处是对前句的回答，并引出下文。结合后句中It's similar to the music you listen to…中的关键词It及music可知，选C(正在播放背景音乐。)。
②前句指出Muzak这种音乐通常在人们特别累的时候播放,下文应叙述这种音乐给人们带来的益处， tired和energy相呼应。故选B(这种音乐给他们额外的能量。）。
③前文提到一些音乐家或作曲家不愿意他们的作品被用作Muzak，而其他人愿意。根据空前Why?可知空格处填入句应该是对前面提出的疑问的回答。空格处讲述原因，故选F(如果歌曲被使用，他们每年将得到多达400万美元。)。
④空格前一句提到Tired office workers,空格后一句提到Supermarket shoppers,可知设空处也在举例说明Muzak does what it is designed to do,故选D(工厂工人多生产13%。）。
⑤根据下文的But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places.可知此处与下文之间是转折关系，故选A(有些人不喜欢米尤扎克背景音乐。）。
七、
答案：GEDBA
解析： ①段末句。上文陈述了两个原因:因为新冠病毒的爆发,人们害怕乘坐公交;他们也在寻找不用去健身房就能锻炼身体的方法,以及享受户外活动的方法。G项意为:因此,这种流行病导致自行车销售的大幅增加就不足为怪了。句首的so是本题答案的关键。
②段中句。上文指出,自三月份封国以来自行车的需求开始增长,故此处说明四月份的销售量。
③段首句。下文提到菲律宾的马尼拉、意大利的罗马、英国的伦敦几大城市因自行车的盛行而采取了相应的措施,故本段首句指明:自行车销售的增长不仅仅发生在美国。
④段中句。本段主旨为美国自行车的短缺问题。造成自行车短缺有两个原因,其二是因为自行车的生产地中国为了阻止新冠病毒的扩散而关闭了工厂,则此处应是第一个原因高需求量。
⑤段中句。本段以Brian Smith一家的亲身经历证明骑自行车的益处。根据下文的直接引语可知,此处应是一个问句。对比A、C两个问句选项,不难得出A项为正确答案。
八、
答案：①-⑤ DFCGB
解析：①空前一句讲到了"与文化有关的用餐礼仪中的一些重要规则可能会让你大为惊讶", 空后一句则讲到了"知道一些窍门儿有助于确保你用餐愉快"。因此, 空处讲到的应该是不要让人发现你在餐馆犯下令人难堪的错误, 故D项符合语境。
②结合常识可以判断, F项"Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them"中的三个"them"指的都是chopsticks, 且F项讲到的是筷子礼仪, 符合本段主题。
③结合空前的"In India and the Middle East...in France...hand"和空后的"In Chile...their spoons"可知, 空处讲到的应该也是某个国家的风俗, 选项中符合语境的只有C项, 且C项与空后的"instead preferring to use their hands"形成对比, 故C项符合语境。
④结合小标题"Making Requests"可知, 本段主要讲到了在就餐时发出请求, G项的"a simple request"符合语境, 且是空后一句中的"this"指代的内容, 故选G项。
⑤根据空后的"the more comfortable...practices"可知, 此处是固定句型"the+比较级, the+比较级", 由此锁定选项A和B。结合语境可知, 你在特定的国家待的时间越长, 你就会对它的文化习俗感到越自在, 故B项符合语境。
九、
答案：GCEFB
解析：①根据上一句中的If the closest local airport doesn't have nonstop flights to a certain place, check with other local airports to see if nonstop flights are available.可知, 如果最近的本地机场没有直飞某个地方的航班, 请与其他当地机场联系, 看看是否有直达航班。此处承接上文, 仍然与搭乘直达航班这一话题相关, G项中的a bit further与上文中的closest相呼应, 故选G项。
②根据下文My kids love to help plan snacks. I let them create their own snacks for the trip at home.可知, 此处介绍关于准备旅行零食方面的内容, 说明可以自己在家制作零食, 故选C项。
③根据下文At the airport, keep your reusable bottles empty until you have passed through the security checks. Fill them up on the other side of the security checkpoint.可知, 此处介绍关于旅行中可重复使用的水瓶方面的内容。故选E项。
④根据下文Open a few windows and turn off the air conditioner.可知, 此处介绍关于节约用电方面的内容, 选项F符合语境, 故选F项。
⑤根据上文的Pay attention to the number of showers and the length of showers.可知, 此处介绍节约用水。B项中的water与上文的showers相呼应, 故选B项。
十、
答案：EABCF
解析：①根据上文可知, 地球上超过半数的人都生活在城市里, 接触自然世界的机会非常有限。再根据下一段的内容可知, 整篇文章都在讲园艺这种接触大自然的方式对身心健康的各种好处。因而设空处应该表达明确的转折关系, 与设空处上文形成对比。故E项符合语境。
②设空句为本段首句, 通常情况应起到段落主旨句的作用。根据后文可知, 园艺可以鼓励人们吃得更健康, 并可以作为营养食品方面的教育资源, 同时指出参加园艺活动更有助于孩子们健康饮食。A选项指出园艺也与更好的饮食联系在一起, 符合本段语境。
③根据下文generally have greater life satisfaction, raised self-esteem and fewer feelings of depression and anger than non-gardeners可知, 园艺能改善人们的心理健康。故B项符合语境。
④设空处上文指出园艺给人们的心理健康带来的益处不仅仅是锻炼身体时所带来的意外好处, 而C选项指出一个原因可能是园艺活动能促进社交互动, 前后两部分都在讲述园艺对人的好处, 且social interaction与设空处后的social networks相呼应, 符合语境。
⑤设空处上句指出, 我们确定园艺和健康之间有联系, 但不是"因和果"的关系。F选项(这意味着单靠园艺活动不一定可以直接改善健康)引出下文, 即我们还需要检测园艺对从未参加过园艺活动或身体和心理状况不佳的人的直接影响。故F项承上启下, 符合语境。

真题演练
专题07 阅读理解七选五

全国各地历年高考真题全收录

2022年新高考I卷
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___36___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___39___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. G 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partne.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项C“You'll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【37题详解】
根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选择项D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【38题详解】
根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but probably won't result in a useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选择项B“A workout partner usually needs to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【40题详解】
根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit -- your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。

2022年新高考II卷
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
【答案】16 D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
【16题详解】
空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. (当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. (首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
【17题详解】
空前说“Stay loose and free. (保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. (不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let your pen follow the waves of thought. (让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. (下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. (然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. (太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. (第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. (许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. (当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise. (由此产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。


2022年1月浙江卷

I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choice that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. ____11____
Pick the most important.
____12____ Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. I chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle I want.
Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. ____13____ Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work environment. Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (职业) around the people and activities you love.
____14____
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up.
The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone Celebrate progress and keep refining (改进) toward a happy productive existence. ____15____ Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
A. Speed up.
B. Be an active learner.
C. Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F. Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
【答案】11. F 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。作者给出了既可以充分利用时间又可以快乐放松的有效建议。
【11题详解】
上文“I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed.( 我和你一样，每天都有24小时，但我做了具体的选择，让我充分利用每一天，仍然感到快乐和放松)”说明作者做出选择，充分利用每一天，但仍旧感到快乐和轻松，根据下文段落小标题可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天给出了建议，因此空格处应是承上启下，F项中的“help you make the most of your time”与上文“to make the most of every day”一致，“tips”引出下文的建议，因此F项“也许这些建议会帮助你充分利用你的时间”符合语境，承上启下。故选F。
【12题详解】
根据段落标题“Pick the most important.”可知，本段建议挑选最重要的，下文“Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.( 把时间花在那些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上)”说明要挑选一些有趣的和富有成效的事情去做，D项中的“what is meaningful in your life”与标题中的“the most important”一致，下文是对“Make choices”具体解释。因此推断D项“选择你生活中有意义的东西”符合语境。故选D。
【13题详解】
上文“Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc.( 许多人疯狂地试图弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娱乐等方面度过时间)”说明许多人想要弄清楚在生活中如何分配好时间，下文“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.( 找到一种结合的方式来享受它们)”说明可以把事情组合在一起享受，因此推断空格处与上文是转折关系，说明不要试图均衡时间，C项“不要试图在它们之间平衡时间”符合语境。故选C。
【14题详解】
空格处为段落小标题。根据下文“You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. (你可能会认为学习需要花费了你更多的时间，但实际上总有一些新的方法可以为你节省出做日常事务的时间，为你腾出时间去做最重要的事情。寻找在这里或者那里赢回一个小时的新方法)”可推断，本段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情，因此要做有效的学习者。因此推断B项“做有效的学习者”为段落标题，故选B。
【15题详解】
下文“Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.( 每一次的完成都是一个小的胜利，累积起来就是一个大的胜利)”说明事情要一件一件去做，G项中的“making lists”与之呼应，因此推断G项“这就是为什么列清单在任何生产手册中都很重要的原因”符合语境，this指代上文“The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining (改进) toward a happy productive existence.( 在大多数情况下，世界不会因为你没做完几件事而走向末日。庆祝进步，不断改进走向一个快乐而富有成效的存在)”解释了列出清单一件一件完成任务的原因。故选G。

2021年新高考I卷
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水 管 ) worked. ____37____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____38____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
____39____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency.
You can tell this by cafés life French cafés are always crowded.____40____When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【答案】36. F 37. C 38. G 39. E 40. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了作者夫妇两人在巴黎的居住的感受。首先，作者介绍了她住的房子；其次，说明了巴黎人生活非常精致的原因；最后，说明法国人对待生活的态度，相较于工作效率他们更看重生活品质。
【36题】上文“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.(我丈夫和我刚在巴黎待了一周)”说明了背景；下文“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵公寓，在第六层，只有一个橱柜那么大)”是空格处的结果，因此空格处需要填原因；根据F项“Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.(我们的目标是看看我们是否在某种程度上可以活的像巴黎人。)”可知，作者要在巴黎住下来，所以需要租房子，两句构成因果关系。故选F项。
【37题】上文“The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though.(不过，这个地方并不是地道的法国住房)”是段落的中心句，说明第二段主要内容是讲解公寓的情况。下文提到了楼宇和电梯的情况。C项“There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.(有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床)”提到了厨房和床，这些都属于公寓的配置。故选C项。
【38题】上文“... they eat great food and never gain weight.(他们吃得很好，而且从不发胖)”提及了食物。下文“French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.(法国草莓尝起来不像纸板。相反，它们会像小炸弹一样在你嘴里爆炸)”在说明法国的草莓很好吃。上下文结合可知，因为法国的食物质量很高，所以不用吃很多就能很满足，同时吃的少也就不会发胖了。G项“The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. (食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太多就能使你快乐)”符合语境要求。故选G项。
【39题】第三段主要描述了作者夫妻去了采购了食物，买了草莓。下文“My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!(我丈夫和我都认为这是我们吃过的最好的水果。但它们要18美元!)”说明法国的水果好吃但是也很贵。选项E“That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.(这并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因)”承接了上一段关于法国人吃的少但是不胖的话题，同时引起下文，给出了法国人吃的少的另一个原因‘物价贵’。故选E项。
【40题】根据上文“In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded. (在法国生活质量比效率更重要。这一点你能从咖啡馆生活看出来。法国的咖啡厅总是很拥挤)”可知，上文说明了法国人对待工作不是很积极且咖啡厅里顾客很多。下文“When do these people work?(这些人什么时候工作？)”是一个问句，说明本句属于过渡句，承接上文说明咖啡厅里的造成拥挤的客人的情况，A选项中有“customer”符合咖啡馆的情境设定，同时讲述了不是所有的客人都是游客，那么意味着大部分人都是当地人，符合下文的提问。故选A项。
2021年新高考II卷
If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____16____
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____17____
____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. ____19____ A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder.
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项：Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.（在你打开书之前，确保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：Spend a few minutes looking through the book.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C项：This depends on the type of book you are reading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”可知，本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项：Make a note of any page which is of special importance.（把任何有特别重要的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。


2021年6月浙江卷
You've got mail…and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. ___11___
"I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, "but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it ___12___ ” Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch（直觉）paid off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. ___13___ Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.
Language is certainly a harrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it. ___14___ So a common language is required and in postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken.
"Many people in China have limited exposure to English. ___15___ That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing," Paulo says.
A. And that's totally fine
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【答案】11. G 12. A 13. E 14. F 15. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Paulo Magalhaes创建postcrossing.com的过程及其现状。Paulo Magalhaes非常喜欢明信片但是苦于身边没有与他志趣相投的人，于是他开始从网上寻求志同道合的人，因而创立了postcrossing.com。随着公司在全球不断壮大，语言成为沟通的主要障碍，后来英语被选为共同语言方便大家交流。
【11题】上文“Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored image of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall.( 34岁的葡萄牙电脑工程师Paulo Magalhaes喜欢打开他的邮箱，然后发现一个色彩鲜艳的罗马斗牛场图像。或者非洲的维多利亚瀑布。或者是中国的长城)”介绍了Paulo喜欢明信片的个人爱好。下文“... and you realize that not everyone is into it.”说明他身边缺少与他志趣相投的人。选项G“In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a scribbled note from someone far away.(简而言之，他喜欢明信片，也喜欢收到远方某人潦草的便条时的那种兴奋)”起到承上启下的作用，总结了上文Paulo喜欢明信片，也引出下文关于他的喜好得不到回应的问题。故选G项。
【12题】上文““I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it(“我经常给家人和朋友寄明信片， ”他说，“但你可以想象，过一段时间，你收到的明信片不会像你寄的那么多，而且你意识到并不是每个人都喜欢这样。”)”说明Paulo意识到身边的亲人和朋友不是都和他有相同的爱好，因此他也很坦然接受这个事实，因此选项A“那完全没问题”符合语境。故选A项。
【13题】上文“Today his hobby has evolved into the website Postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he launched it 10 years ago.(如今，他的这个爱好已经发展成了Postcrossing.com这个社交网站。自从10年前他创建这个网站以来，已经有来自214个国家和地区的575217名注册用户)”是在介绍目前网站的发展状况，因此符合文意的只有E选项“8月5日，会员互赠的明信片数量达到3100万张”是在介绍该网站相关的数据。故选E项。
【14题】上文“As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it.(收到一张用中文写的明信片可能很酷，但如果你不理解它，这个概念就行不通)”是举例说明他国人收到中文明信片时的问题。选项F“Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card written in Swedish takes part of the fun away.(同样地，如果你只会说中文，收到瑞典语的卡片也会夺走一部分乐趣)”是举例说明中国人收到他国语言明信片时也会遇到相同的问题。两句相结合，符合结论句的语义要求，故选F项。
【15题】上文“Many people in China have limited exposure to English.(许多中国人很少能接触到英语)”说明对某些人来说学习英语的门槛较高。结合下文“... who actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing.(他们实际上通过使用明信片来提高他们的英语技能)”可知，写明信片成为一种练习英语的渠道。因此选项B “这使得学习和练习它变得格外困难 ”符合语境要求，说明对一些人来说学习和练习英语的难度较高，因为渠道较少。故选B项。
2021年1月浙江卷
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. ___11___
It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay. ___12___Any small interruption - a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability:____13____So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line- called a serpentine line - and serve each person at the front with the next available register. ___14___This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
____15____It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.
A. Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B. So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C. Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E. How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F. With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G. But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
【答案】11. A 12. G 13. D 14. F 15. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。
【11题详解】
下文“It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. （原来，这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快。）”解释了上文“You chose wrong.(你选错了)”的原因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，故选A项。
【12题详解】
上文“Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay.（杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账。）”解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruption a price check, a chatty customer -can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.（任何一个小小的中断，一个价格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下游效应，拖住整个生产线。）”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，故选G项。
【13题详解】
根据上文“If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. （如果杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生。）”联系下文“So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.（所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队伍可能移动得更快。）”可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。故选D项。
【14题详解】
根据“上文Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.(我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方法来处理这个问题)”以及下文“This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone little bit but speed up checkout overall.（这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快了整体结帐速度。）”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。故选F项。
【15题详解】
结合下文“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower.（要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担不起空间和人力。）”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly.(保持一条生产线的快速运转)”可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。故选B项。

2020·新课标Ⅰ
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. ___36___ Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●___37___ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. ___38___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. ___39___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. ___40___ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
【答案】36. B 37. F 38. D 39. C 40. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
36.根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance及下文的Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where do you start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
37.根据下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
38.根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的You will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，选项D. Remember, you are only human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。
39.根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天就起床了。)可知，选项C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.(没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝。)与上文衔接最好，故选C项。
40.结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? (翻到你日记本上记下你的有点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可知，选项A. Feeling upset again?(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
2020·新课标Ⅱ
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. ___36___. It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. ___37___, encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. ___38___. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? ___39___. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
___40___ and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. G 39. B 40. F
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
36.根据前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。故选D。
37.根据前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouraging better and more frequent communication.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项A. Messages with Emojis feel more conversational. (使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选A。
38.根据前句“In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”与选择项中“all work generations”是一致的。故选G。
39.根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选择项B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选B。
40.根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择项F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace. (研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选F。
2020·新课标Ⅲ
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the panty. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. ___36___ And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.
___37___ Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
___38___ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. ___39___
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. ___40___ Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
【答案】36. E 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. G
【解析】
本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
36.上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。
37.下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。
38.本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn' t a lot of food served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选C。
39.本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选A。
40.上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。符合语境。故选G。
2020年山东卷
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.___16___Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the”speaking. “ ___17___ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.___18___
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.___19___And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
___20___It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. D
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。
16.本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者要训练。故选G。
17.下句Focus on the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A项Do the opposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。
18.本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选C。
19.本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。B. You want to be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。
20.下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。
2020年6月浙江卷
I experienced years of loneliness as a child. ___31___ His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. ___32___ I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. ___33___
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. ___34___ I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.
___35___My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They’re all memories I treasure today.
A. I wasn't alone any longer.
B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C. I was invited to play with another kid.
D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G. My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
【答案】31. G 32. D 33. A 34. F 35. E
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。
31.设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“My elder brother”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G项。
32.根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事的书。D项切题。故选D项。
33.根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系。A项切题。故选A项。
34.根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。
35.根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。
2020年1月浙江卷
Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
___31___For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many people around the world.___32___That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻)from dirty water. That's around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.___33___Therefore，they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an education.
___34___On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.___35___People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.
A. We use water indirectly too.
B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems
D. If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can't go to school.
E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？
F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.
G. In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.
【答案】31. A 32. E 33. D 34. F 35. G
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了水是我们生活中非常重要的能源，而世界上很多人并不像我们这样幸运能喝到干净的水。世界上大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝，每年有50多万儿童死于脏水引起的腹泻。就此联合国决定3月22日为世界水日，并在当天举办活动来教育人们关于脏水的问题，让人们知道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的。
【31题详解】
根据下文For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.（例如，生产我们吃的食物的农民，使用水使植物生长。当我们打开电灯或电视或电脑的开关时，我们使用能源，我们需要水来产生这种能源）可知下文是在列举人们间接使用水的例子，故A选项“我们也间接地用水。”符合上下文语境，故选A。
【32题详解】
根据下文That's around one in 10 people in the world.（那大约是世界上十分之一的人）可推知本句为说明世界上没有干净水喝的人数。故E选项“你知道大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝吗?”符合上下文语境，故选E。
【33题详解】
根据上文Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.（而且，在一些国家，孩子们每天要走很多公里去取水）中walk many kilometres every day to get water可对应到D选项中walk many hours a day to get water，故D选项“如果孩子们每天走很多小时去取水，他们就不能去上学。”符合上下文语境，故选D。
【34题详解】
结合下文On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world.（每年的这一天，世界各国都会举办各种活动，让人们了解脏水的问题，让他们知道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的）是在说明世界水日当天的活动，故可知本句为说明世界水日的设立时间，故F选项“1993年，联合国决定3月22日为世界水日。”符合上下文语境，故选F。
【35题详解】
根据前文At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.（在英国的一所学校，10到15岁的孩子负重6升水来步行6公里）可推知本句承接上文继续说明这一做法的意义是让孩子们了解带着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。故G选项“通过这种方式，他们知道带着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。”符合上下文语境，故选G。



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