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高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures完美版ppt课件
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures完美版ppt课件，文件包含33Unit3Discoveringusefulstructuresgrammar课件pptx、33Unit3DiscoveringUsefulStructuresGrammar练习docx等2份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共42页， 欢迎下载使用。
Unit 3 Diverse Cultures
Period 3Discovering useful structures
Ellipsis（省略）
1. To learn how ellipsis is used.2.To learn to find out the omitted words in a sentence.3.To learn to use ellipsis.
Excuse me! Yes? Is this your handbag? Pardon? Is this your handbag? Yes, it is. Thank you very much.
这段简短的对话中都省略了哪些词呢？
Step 1. Lead-in
Excuse me! Yes? Is this your handbag? Pardon? Is this your handbag? Yes, it is. Thank you very much.
(You)
(I beg your) pardon.
my handbag.
(I)
省略句的定义(definition of ellipsis)
省略是为了避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。省略在语言中, 尤其在对话中, 是一种十分普遍的现象。
省略前提: 主谓宾, 定状表, 如有重复可删掉。
省略原则: 词语省略后, 不致令人费解。
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1 simple sentences (简单句）2 coordinate sentences(并列句）3 compound sentences(复合句）4 infinitives (不定式)5 特殊句型和短语中的省略
省略的几种类型
①(You) Shut up！住嘴！②(You) Want a hand？需要帮忙吗？③(I) Beg your pardon.请再说一遍。④(It) Doesn’t matter.没关系。
简单句中的省略
1. 省略主语: 一般情况下，主语是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下，特别是在口语中，主语常常省略，主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。
2. 省略主语或谓语的一部分: 在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确，此时为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。
① (It) Sounds a good idea.② (Will you) Have a smoke?③ (Would you like) Something to drink?④ (You come) This way, please.
3. 省略宾语: 当上、下或前后两个句子的宾语一致时，下句或后句常省略宾语。
①—Do you know Miss Gao?—I don’t know (her).——你认识高女士吗？——不认识。② Tom enjoys dancing, but Peter hates (dancing).
4. 疑问句的简略回答
— Are you a doctor? 你是医生吗？— Yes, I am (a doctor). 是的，我是。
5. 感叹句中的省略
What a good time (we had) yesterday! 昨天我们玩得很开心！
6. 特殊疑问句中的省略 (只对所问作针对性的回答)。
— Which book do you want? 你想要哪一本书?— The one on the desk. 书桌上的那本。
7. 所有格后的名词表示处所时，可以省略。
He stayed at his uncle's (house) rather than mine in his childhood. 他小时候住在叔叔家，而不是我家 。
两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。
① Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't (come to school to see me the next day).② Lin's father was not at home, but his mother was (at home).③ She was poor but (she was) honest.
并列句中的省略
1.省略共同的主语或宾语。
*Mr. Smith picked up a coin on the road and (Mr. Smith) handed it to a policeman. 史密斯先生在路上拾起一枚硬币，并把它交给了一位警察。
2.若主语不同而其后的助动词、情态动词相同，则省略后面的助动词或情态动词。
*Jack must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework. 杰克肯定一直在踢足球，玛丽在写作业。
3. 若句子中前半句与后半句的主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的谓语成分。
*His approach to solving the problem made me happy, but (made) Jim angry. 他的解决该问题的方法使我高兴，但使吉姆愤怒。
4. 若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略后面的主要动词及后续部分。
*I was born in winter in 1988 and Bob (was born in winter) in 1987. 我出生于 1988年冬天，鲍勃是 1987 年冬天。
复合句中的省略
1. 省略主句— Why didn't you come to class yesterday? 你昨天为什么没来上课？— (I didn't come to class yesterday) Because I was ill. 因为我生病了。
2. 宾语从句中的省略(1)及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。①I believe (that) beauty comes from within. 我相信美丽来自内心。②He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该牢记在心。
(2)when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。She wants to learn English well, yet she doesn't know how (she can learn it well)．她想学好英语，但她不知道怎样才能学好。Please pass me one of these books and I don't care which (you pass me).
3.定语从句中的省略(1)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom, which, that可省略(但whom, which紧跟在介词后时不能省略)。The man (who/whom/that) you want to meet has come. 你要见的人来了。(2)修饰way的关系词that/in which可以省略。 Do you know the way (that/in which) work is measured? 你知道衡量工作的方式吗？
4.状语从句中的省略【高频中的高频】(1)时间状语从句中的省略When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the violin.她很小的时候就开始学习拉小提琴。While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student.我在上大学时开始认识他，他是一个奇怪但能力出众的学生。
(2)条件状语从句中的省略条件状语从句的省略形式为if necessary, if possible, if true等。另外unless, as long as等词或短语后也可用省略形式。He will come if (he is) asked.如果叫他来，他就来。If (it is) necessary, ring me at two o'clock.如果有必要，两点给我打电话。
(3)让步状语从句中的省略He is a good man, though sometimes (he is) rather dull.他是个好人，尽管有时很无聊。Even if (I am) invited to, I won't go to such a bad lecture.即使邀请我去，我也不会去听如此糟糕的演讲。
(4)比较状语从句中的省略She has finished the work earlier than (it was) expected.她这项工作比预料的提前完成了。(5)方式状语从句中的省略as if/as though后还可加形容词/副词/介词短语/动词的-ing形式/动词的-ed形式/动词不定式。She talked as if (she was) absent-minded.她谈话似乎心不在焉。
不定式中的省略
1．当不定式在形容词afraid, anxious, eager, glad, happy, ready, willing等后作状语时，to后的内容常省略。You can't force him to answer the question if he's not ready to (answer the question)．如果他不愿意回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。
2．某些使役动词如：make, let, have等和感官动词如：see, watch, notice, observe, hear等后面作宾补的不定式须省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态，则to不省略。① I saw the boy fall from the tree.② The boy was seen to fall from the tree.③ The boss made us work 12 hours a day.④ We were made to work 12 hours a day.
3．并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，不省略to。①He likes to swim more than (to) skate. 比起溜冰他更喜欢游泳。②He believes it important to study rather than to play computer games.(比较)他认为最重要的是学习而不是玩电脑游戏。
4．当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，常可省略。常见的动词有agree, afford, expect, forget, hope, know, manage, pretend, remember, refuse, want, wish, would like等。I asked him to see the film, but he didn't want to (see the film)．我请他看电影，但是他不想去。5．介词but, except(除了)前有实义动词do的具体形式时，后面的不定式不带to。All he could do was nothing but wait. 他所能做的只有等。
6．当不定式在be going to, be able to, have to, ought to, used to后作复合谓语时，不定式可省略。They don't go shopping as much as they used to (go shopping)．他们不像过去那样经常去购物了。注意：(1)省略的不定式内容若含有作助动词用的have或be的任何形式时，to后要保留原形的have或be。
(2)类似这样用法的还有动词短语be going to, be about to, be supposed to, have to, used to及形容词glad, happy, pleased, delighted等。①He didn't come, but he ought to have (come)． 他没来，但他应该来。②—Are you a farmer? —你是个农民吗？—No, but I used to be (a farmer)． —不是，但我过去是。
介词的省略
1. 一些常和动词、名词或形容词一起搭配的介词常省略，而保留其后的动名词，常见句型有：spend/waste time (in) doing, lose no time (in) doing, have difficulty/trouble (in) doing, be busy (in) doing, stop/prevent sb (from) doing 等。*The heavy rain prevented him (from) arriving there on time. 大雨使得他没能准时到达那里。
2. 表示时间的介词at, on 和 in用在next, last, this, these, yesterday, tomorrow, every, each, some, all 等词之前，一般都要省略；用在一段时间状语之前的 for 也可省略（否定句中不能省略 for）*We have been here (for) three weeks.
3. 表示行为方式的 in 在 in this way, in the same way, in another way 等词组中，经常被省略。He did it (in) this way rather than (in) another way.
1. signs/labels No parking. (No parking is allowed here.) Quiet! (You should be quiet here.)2. newspaper headlines Turandot on stage. (The opera Turandot is being performed on stage.)
一些特殊结构中的省略
3. instructions Do not bend! (Do not bend this envelope.)4. postcards/diaries Best wishes. (I give you my best wishes.)5. notes Opera OK, costumes great. (The opera was OK, and the costumes were great.)
Read for fun Here is an interesting conversation between Mr Green and his good friend Mr Smith, a fisherman. Do you know what they are talking about? Mr Green: Going? Mr Smith: Been. Mr Green: Any? Mr Smith: Some. Mr Green: Big? Mr Smith: Small.
35
Are you going fishing?
No,I’ve just been fishing .
Did you get any fish?
I got some fish.
Are they big?
Oh ,they are all small.
Ⅰ. 标出下面句子中可以省略的部分。1. —What Kate said did really hurt John. —I’m sure she didn’t mean to hurt him.2. One side of the wall should be painted yellow, and the other side of it should be painted white.3. The disease can result in total blindness if it is left untreated.4. Ask him to take you home if it is possible.
Exercises
5. The girl is very shy, and she never speaks until she is spoken to.6. —When is he leaving? —He is leaving tonight.7. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to do it.8. He came home earlier than he was expected.
Ⅱ. 将下面句子改写为省略句。George will take the course and Mike might take the course too.2. He was the greatest footballer ever, and remains the greatest footballer ever.3. While I was in Hangzhou, I paid a visit to the West Lake.
George will take the course and Mike might too.
He was, and remains, the greatest footballer ever.
While in Hangzhou, I paid a visit to the West Lake.
4. The author whom you criticized in your review has written a letter in reply.5. He’ll come soon but I don’t know exactly when he’ll come.6. I’d certainly like to go back to Australia. I hope to go back to Australia next year.
The author you criticized in your review has written a letter in reply.
He’ll come soon but I don’t know exactly when.
I’d certainly like to go back to Australia. I hope to next year.
1.(2020.新高考III卷D篇) Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while _________ (grow)up on Samal Island in the Philippines. 2.He had a wonderful time when_____________ (travel) with his mother to all corners of the world.3.Video games can be a poor influence if _______(leave) in the wrong hands.4.---You should have thanked her before you left.---I meant_____, but when I was leaving, I couldn’t find her anywhere5.Though ________(tire), they went on working in order to finish the task on time.
growing
travelling
left
to
tired
6. ---Are you a volunteer now? ---No,but I used to _____. I worked for the City Sports Meeting last year.7. First degree burns turn white when _________(press).8. ---Will the flight to Rome take off on time? ---I’m afraid ________.
be
pressed
not
Thank you
Unit 3 Diverse Cultures
Period 3Discovering useful structures
Ellipsis（省略）
1. To learn how ellipsis is used.2.To learn to find out the omitted words in a sentence.3.To learn to use ellipsis.
Excuse me! Yes? Is this your handbag? Pardon? Is this your handbag? Yes, it is. Thank you very much.
这段简短的对话中都省略了哪些词呢？
Step 1. Lead-in
Excuse me! Yes? Is this your handbag? Pardon? Is this your handbag? Yes, it is. Thank you very much.
(You)
(I beg your) pardon.
my handbag.
(I)
省略句的定义(definition of ellipsis)
省略是为了避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。省略在语言中, 尤其在对话中, 是一种十分普遍的现象。
省略前提: 主谓宾, 定状表, 如有重复可删掉。
省略原则: 词语省略后, 不致令人费解。
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8
1 simple sentences (简单句）2 coordinate sentences(并列句）3 compound sentences(复合句）4 infinitives (不定式)5 特殊句型和短语中的省略
省略的几种类型
①(You) Shut up！住嘴！②(You) Want a hand？需要帮忙吗？③(I) Beg your pardon.请再说一遍。④(It) Doesn’t matter.没关系。
简单句中的省略
1. 省略主语: 一般情况下，主语是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下，特别是在口语中，主语常常省略，主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。
2. 省略主语或谓语的一部分: 在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确，此时为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。
① (It) Sounds a good idea.② (Will you) Have a smoke?③ (Would you like) Something to drink?④ (You come) This way, please.
3. 省略宾语: 当上、下或前后两个句子的宾语一致时，下句或后句常省略宾语。
①—Do you know Miss Gao?—I don’t know (her).——你认识高女士吗？——不认识。② Tom enjoys dancing, but Peter hates (dancing).
4. 疑问句的简略回答
— Are you a doctor? 你是医生吗？— Yes, I am (a doctor). 是的，我是。
5. 感叹句中的省略
What a good time (we had) yesterday! 昨天我们玩得很开心！
6. 特殊疑问句中的省略 (只对所问作针对性的回答)。
— Which book do you want? 你想要哪一本书?— The one on the desk. 书桌上的那本。
7. 所有格后的名词表示处所时，可以省略。
He stayed at his uncle's (house) rather than mine in his childhood. 他小时候住在叔叔家，而不是我家 。
两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。
① Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't (come to school to see me the next day).② Lin's father was not at home, but his mother was (at home).③ She was poor but (she was) honest.
并列句中的省略
1.省略共同的主语或宾语。
*Mr. Smith picked up a coin on the road and (Mr. Smith) handed it to a policeman. 史密斯先生在路上拾起一枚硬币，并把它交给了一位警察。
2.若主语不同而其后的助动词、情态动词相同，则省略后面的助动词或情态动词。
*Jack must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework. 杰克肯定一直在踢足球，玛丽在写作业。
3. 若句子中前半句与后半句的主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的谓语成分。
*His approach to solving the problem made me happy, but (made) Jim angry. 他的解决该问题的方法使我高兴，但使吉姆愤怒。
4. 若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略后面的主要动词及后续部分。
*I was born in winter in 1988 and Bob (was born in winter) in 1987. 我出生于 1988年冬天，鲍勃是 1987 年冬天。
复合句中的省略
1. 省略主句— Why didn't you come to class yesterday? 你昨天为什么没来上课？— (I didn't come to class yesterday) Because I was ill. 因为我生病了。
2. 宾语从句中的省略(1)及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。①I believe (that) beauty comes from within. 我相信美丽来自内心。②He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该牢记在心。
(2)when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。She wants to learn English well, yet she doesn't know how (she can learn it well)．她想学好英语，但她不知道怎样才能学好。Please pass me one of these books and I don't care which (you pass me).
3.定语从句中的省略(1)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom, which, that可省略(但whom, which紧跟在介词后时不能省略)。The man (who/whom/that) you want to meet has come. 你要见的人来了。(2)修饰way的关系词that/in which可以省略。 Do you know the way (that/in which) work is measured? 你知道衡量工作的方式吗？
4.状语从句中的省略【高频中的高频】(1)时间状语从句中的省略When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the violin.她很小的时候就开始学习拉小提琴。While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student.我在上大学时开始认识他，他是一个奇怪但能力出众的学生。
(2)条件状语从句中的省略条件状语从句的省略形式为if necessary, if possible, if true等。另外unless, as long as等词或短语后也可用省略形式。He will come if (he is) asked.如果叫他来，他就来。If (it is) necessary, ring me at two o'clock.如果有必要，两点给我打电话。
(3)让步状语从句中的省略He is a good man, though sometimes (he is) rather dull.他是个好人，尽管有时很无聊。Even if (I am) invited to, I won't go to such a bad lecture.即使邀请我去，我也不会去听如此糟糕的演讲。
(4)比较状语从句中的省略She has finished the work earlier than (it was) expected.她这项工作比预料的提前完成了。(5)方式状语从句中的省略as if/as though后还可加形容词/副词/介词短语/动词的-ing形式/动词的-ed形式/动词不定式。She talked as if (she was) absent-minded.她谈话似乎心不在焉。
不定式中的省略
1．当不定式在形容词afraid, anxious, eager, glad, happy, ready, willing等后作状语时，to后的内容常省略。You can't force him to answer the question if he's not ready to (answer the question)．如果他不愿意回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。
2．某些使役动词如：make, let, have等和感官动词如：see, watch, notice, observe, hear等后面作宾补的不定式须省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态，则to不省略。① I saw the boy fall from the tree.② The boy was seen to fall from the tree.③ The boss made us work 12 hours a day.④ We were made to work 12 hours a day.
3．并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，不省略to。①He likes to swim more than (to) skate. 比起溜冰他更喜欢游泳。②He believes it important to study rather than to play computer games.(比较)他认为最重要的是学习而不是玩电脑游戏。
4．当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，常可省略。常见的动词有agree, afford, expect, forget, hope, know, manage, pretend, remember, refuse, want, wish, would like等。I asked him to see the film, but he didn't want to (see the film)．我请他看电影，但是他不想去。5．介词but, except(除了)前有实义动词do的具体形式时，后面的不定式不带to。All he could do was nothing but wait. 他所能做的只有等。
6．当不定式在be going to, be able to, have to, ought to, used to后作复合谓语时，不定式可省略。They don't go shopping as much as they used to (go shopping)．他们不像过去那样经常去购物了。注意：(1)省略的不定式内容若含有作助动词用的have或be的任何形式时，to后要保留原形的have或be。
(2)类似这样用法的还有动词短语be going to, be about to, be supposed to, have to, used to及形容词glad, happy, pleased, delighted等。①He didn't come, but he ought to have (come)． 他没来，但他应该来。②—Are you a farmer? —你是个农民吗？—No, but I used to be (a farmer)． —不是，但我过去是。
介词的省略
1. 一些常和动词、名词或形容词一起搭配的介词常省略，而保留其后的动名词，常见句型有：spend/waste time (in) doing, lose no time (in) doing, have difficulty/trouble (in) doing, be busy (in) doing, stop/prevent sb (from) doing 等。*The heavy rain prevented him (from) arriving there on time. 大雨使得他没能准时到达那里。
2. 表示时间的介词at, on 和 in用在next, last, this, these, yesterday, tomorrow, every, each, some, all 等词之前，一般都要省略；用在一段时间状语之前的 for 也可省略（否定句中不能省略 for）*We have been here (for) three weeks.
3. 表示行为方式的 in 在 in this way, in the same way, in another way 等词组中，经常被省略。He did it (in) this way rather than (in) another way.
1. signs/labels No parking. (No parking is allowed here.) Quiet! (You should be quiet here.)2. newspaper headlines Turandot on stage. (The opera Turandot is being performed on stage.)
一些特殊结构中的省略
3. instructions Do not bend! (Do not bend this envelope.)4. postcards/diaries Best wishes. (I give you my best wishes.)5. notes Opera OK, costumes great. (The opera was OK, and the costumes were great.)
Read for fun Here is an interesting conversation between Mr Green and his good friend Mr Smith, a fisherman. Do you know what they are talking about? Mr Green: Going? Mr Smith: Been. Mr Green: Any? Mr Smith: Some. Mr Green: Big? Mr Smith: Small.
35
Are you going fishing?
No,I’ve just been fishing .
Did you get any fish?
I got some fish.
Are they big?
Oh ,they are all small.
Ⅰ. 标出下面句子中可以省略的部分。1. —What Kate said did really hurt John. —I’m sure she didn’t mean to hurt him.2. One side of the wall should be painted yellow, and the other side of it should be painted white.3. The disease can result in total blindness if it is left untreated.4. Ask him to take you home if it is possible.
Exercises
5. The girl is very shy, and she never speaks until she is spoken to.6. —When is he leaving? —He is leaving tonight.7. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to do it.8. He came home earlier than he was expected.
Ⅱ. 将下面句子改写为省略句。George will take the course and Mike might take the course too.2. He was the greatest footballer ever, and remains the greatest footballer ever.3. While I was in Hangzhou, I paid a visit to the West Lake.
George will take the course and Mike might too.
He was, and remains, the greatest footballer ever.
While in Hangzhou, I paid a visit to the West Lake.
4. The author whom you criticized in your review has written a letter in reply.5. He’ll come soon but I don’t know exactly when he’ll come.6. I’d certainly like to go back to Australia. I hope to go back to Australia next year.
The author you criticized in your review has written a letter in reply.
He’ll come soon but I don’t know exactly when.
I’d certainly like to go back to Australia. I hope to next year.
1.(2020.新高考III卷D篇) Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while _________ (grow)up on Samal Island in the Philippines. 2.He had a wonderful time when_____________ (travel) with his mother to all corners of the world.3.Video games can be a poor influence if _______(leave) in the wrong hands.4.---You should have thanked her before you left.---I meant_____, but when I was leaving, I couldn’t find her anywhere5.Though ________(tire), they went on working in order to finish the task on time.
growing
travelling
left
to
tired
6. ---Are you a volunteer now? ---No,but I used to _____. I worked for the City Sports Meeting last year.7. First degree burns turn white when _________(press).8. ---Will the flight to Rome take off on time? ---I’m afraid ________.
be
pressed
not
Thank you
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